专题32 语法填空之航空航天探索16篇（神舟21号载人航天+指令长张陆+中国空间站）-2026届高考英语语法填空分类强化100题

2026届高考英语语法填空分类强化100题（高考真题+名校模拟） 专题32 语法填空之航空航天探索16篇 原卷版 （神舟21号载人航天+指令长张陆+中国空间站） 【原创】神舟二十一号瞄准10月31日23时44分发射：张陆、武飞、张洪章太空出差 Shenzhou XXI launch to Tiangong space station set for Friday China plans to launch three astronauts into low-Earth orbit on Friday night to exchange 1 (crew) onboard its Tiangong space station, according to the China Manned Space Agency. A Long March 2F carrier rocket 2 (schedule) for lift off from the Jiuquan spaceport at 11:44 pm on Friday. The rocket will carry the Shenzhou XXI mission crew, headed by Senior Colonel Zhang Lu with Wu Fei and Zhang Hongzhang, toward the Tiangong, 3 has been manned by their Shenzhou XX peers for more than six months. After the Shenzhou XXI spacecraft enters its preset orbital position, it will activate the rapid autonomous rendezvous-docking mode 4 take about three and a half hours to approach and connect with the front port on the Tianhe core module. The Shenzhou XXI team is tasked with operating and maintaining the Tiangong space station during their six-month 5 (fly). The mission will become the second time for Zhang Lu 6 (work) in space, some 29 months after he returned from the Shenzhou XV flight. 7 (complete) in late 2022, the Tiangong is the only operating space station 8 (independent) run by a single nation, orbiting Earth at 9 altitude of about 400 kilometers. The orbital outpost has been manned by the Shenzhou XX astronauts 10 their arrival in late April. The team is scheduled to fly back to Earth after several days of handover work with their successors. 【导读】执行神舟二十一号载人飞行任务的航天员乘组由张陆、武飞、张洪章组成，张陆担任指令长。飞船入轨后，将采用自主快速交会对接模式，约3.5小时后对接于天和核心舱前向端口，形成三船三舱组合体。 【原创】China unveils Shenzhou-21 crew for space station mission JIUQUAN, Oct. 30 (Xinhua) -- Chinese astronauts Zhang Lu, Wu Fei and Zhang Hongzhang will carry out the Shenzhou-21 crewed spaceflight mission, and Zhang Lu will be the 1 (command), the China Manned Space Agency announced at a press conference on Thursday. The Shenzhou-21 crewed spaceship is scheduled 2 (launch) at 11:44 p.m. Friday from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in northwest China. Zhang Lu was a crew member of the Shenzhou-15 mission. Wu Fei and Zhang Hongzhang, 3 from the third batch of Chinese astronauts, will carry out the spaceflight mission for the first time. This mission is the 4 (six) manned flight mission 5 the space station entered the application and development phase, and the 37th flight of China's manned spaceflight program. The Shenzhou-21 astronauts 6 (complete) in-orbit rotation with the Shenzhou-20 crew, and stay in the space station for about six months. The new crew will carry out work on space science and application, perform extravehicular activities and cargo handling, install space debris protection devices, 7 recover extravehicular payloads and equipment. They will also participate 8 science education and public welfare activities, and conduct in-orbit 9 (experiment). The Shenzhou-20 crew will return to the Dongfeng landing site in north China's Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region after 10 (finish) the in-orbit handover with the Shenzhou-21 crew. 语法填空航空航天探索专辑 01（25-26高三上·广东·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Lanyue, or Embracing the Moon, first appeared in a poem written by the late Chairman Mao Zedong in 1965. The word “Lanyue” 1 (symbolize) the Chinese people’s ambition and 2 (confident) in their exploration of the universe and expedition to the moon. The name of the new crew spaceship is Mengzhou, or Dream Vessel, 3 represents its responsibility of fulfilling the Chinese nation’s dream of landing on the moon to start 4 new journey of space adventure, according to the agency. It noted that there will be two models of the Mengzhou — one will be used 5 (transport) astronauts to the moon while the other will replace the current spaceship Shenzhou to ferry crew members between Earth and the Tiangong space station, which 6 (orbit) around the Earth for about three years. China has announced its plan of conducting its first 7 (man) mission to the moon around 2030, when the Lanyue lunar lander will have two parts — a landing section and a launching section, weighing 8 (approximate) 26 tons. It will accommodate two astronauts and a 200-kilogram rover. The Mengzhou spacecraft will also consist 9 two major components — a reentry module (返回舱) housing astronauts and serving as the control center for the entire craft during spaceflight, and a service module containing power and propulsion systems. The vehicle will be nearly 9 meters in length, 4.5 meters in diameter 10 weigh 22 metric tons. 02（2025·辽宁沈阳·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China launched the Shenzhou XIX manned spaceship on Wednesday. The crew members were fully trained and prepared, and the launch became 1 hit globally. Of the three astronauts, Wang Haoze, the only female space flight engineer in China currently, 2 (inspire) many Chinese netizens with her experiences and dedication since the launch. During her college years, she stood out 3 (academic), ranking at the top of her class. Wang majored 4 power engineering at college. “From a rocket engine designer to a space flight engineer, my role has changed, 5 the initial spirit and mission of serving the country in space remains the same,” Wang said on Wednesday. As an engineer, Wang previously had no flight experience, 6 (make) the aerospace physiology tests (航空航天生理学测试) in the selection process particularly challenging. However, she was determined never to be the first one 7 (ring) the emergency bell. After nearly a thousand practices, 8 (equip) with what it took to be a qualified astronaut, she set out on her first space journey. Wang’s 9 (persevere) has inspired many netizens, some of 10 commented that Wang is surely working hard and paying a lot of effort. 03（25-26高三上·河南·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The extravehicular (舱外的) spacesuit B was worn by astronaut Chen Dong on August 15 during the third series of extravehicular activities (EVAs) of the Shenzhou-20 crew aboard China’s orbiting space station. The suit thus became the first 1 its kind on China’s space station 2 (meet) the goal of supporting 20 EVAs within 4 years. 3 space station spacesuit B has been worn by 11 astronauts across eight manned space tasks, according to Zhang Wanxin from the China Astronaut Research and Training Center. An extravehicular spacesuit is essential equipment for astronauts during EVAs in space, ensuring their safety and 4 (enable) efficient operations outside the cabin (舱室). The second-generation Feitian extravehicular spacesuit on China’s space station 5 (have) a three-year service life in orbit, during 6 period it can be used for at least 15 EVAs, according to its design standards. China’s space station extravehicular spacesuit is the first flight product in China to perform in-orbit lifespan 7 (assess) and extended use. On July 15, Tianzhou-9 cargo craft delivered new supplies to China’s space station, including two sets of second-generation Feitian extravehicular spacesuits, 8 (label) D and E. Compared to the country’s first-generation Feitian spacesuits for spacewalks, the second-generation suits feature key technological advances. They have a 9 (long) lifespan. Besides, they are safer and more 10 (rely), and support astronauts’ operations more efficiently, providing strong support for EVAs during the construction and operation of China’s space station, according to Zhang. 04（24-25高三下·广西柳州·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Shenzhou-19 crew members aboard China’s orbiting space station completed the first extravehicular activities(EVAs)of their mission at 9:57 p. m. (Beijing Time) 1 Tuesday, according to the China Manned Space Agency (CMSA). Cai Xuzhe, Song Lingdong and Wang Haoze worked for nine hours on 2 (complete) multiple tasks, including the installation of space-debris protection devices. They 3 (assist) by the space station’s robotic arm and a team on Earth. Cai and Song, the two crew members assigned the EVA duty, have since returned 4 (safe) to the Wentian lab module. The mission of the first extravehicular activities of the Shenzhou-19 crew was 5 great success, setting a new record for the duration of extravehicular 6 (task) by Chinese astronauts, said the CMSA．It marked Cai’s second EVAs in space, following 7 (he) initial EVAs during the Shenzhou-14 mission two years ago. Song, 8 is a role model for the younger generation, became the first Chinese astronaut born after 1990 to carry out EVAs, said the agency. The Shenzhou-19 crew is set to carry out a lot of 9 (schedule) space-science experiments and technical tests, while they will also undertake extravehicular activities and install 10 (science) equipment outside the space station, the agency added. 05（2025高三下·全国·专题练习）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 With the China Manned Space Agency’s 1 (announce)  of an open call for space breeding (育种) experimental projects, China’s “space greenhouse ” is ready to welcome the planting of more new species, as recent years 2 (see) a significant increase in the variety of crops that have toured around space. Staple (主食) crops and vegetable crops are the main species that have been promoted 3 (great) on the ground after space breeding. They include rice, corn, peppers, tomatoes, and other varieties. Many space- bred crops have now been planted 4 large numbers. The rice species 5 (carry) by the Shenzhou-10 manned mission have produced nearly 10 new varieties of high- quality, high- production rice in the past five 6 (year). What’s more, more than 5,000 high-quality vegetable varieties have been bred onboard the Shenzhou series of manned spacecraft, 7 (create) several new varieties of vegetables such as space peppers and space tomatoes. Space peppers, for example, contain 20 percent more vitamin (维他命) C than ordinary ones. The production has also been improved, bringing considerable economic benefits to farmers. Many of these crops have already entered ordinary households and 8 (serve) at the dinner table nowadays. 9 large number of breeding materials have been sent into space in recent years. It is sure 10 more new varieties with new features and tastes will enter the market soon in the future. 06（2024·四川德阳·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 At 4: 27 a. m. Beijing time on October 30, China’s Shenzhou 19 spacecraft 1 (launch) on a Long March 2F rocket and docked with the Tiangong space station just 6. 5 hours later. The launch of the Shenzhou-19 crewed spaceship is 2 complete success, according to the China Manned Space Agency (CMSA) . This mission marks the 33rd mission of China’s manned space program, 3 (feature) a new crew of astronauts: mission commander Cai Xuzhe, and first-time astronauts Song Lingdong and Wang Haoze. Remarkably, Wang is only the third female Chinese astronaut 4 (participate) in the spaceflight. While aboard Tiangong, the crew will conduct 86 science and technology experiments, including cultivating plants like lettuce and sweet potatoes, and studying fruit flies 5 genetic similarities to humans make them ideal for this research. China has 6 (active) carried out space exploration missions in recent years, including the launches of Chang’e lunar probes, the Mars probe Tianwen-1, 7 the solar exploration satellite Xihe, as well as the construction of the country’s space station. These missions have continuously deepened people’s understanding of the universe and contributed to 8 (improve) the well-being of humanity. As China prepares for manned lunar exploration, astronauts will require special training to deal with the moon’s 9 (low) gravity than the earth’s. Despite the risks in space travel, China’s “one launch, one backup” policy ensures 10 (secure) measures are in place. As Shenzhou 19 continues its six-month mission, it demonstrates China’s progress and ambitions in space exploration. 07（24-25高三下·广西来宾·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As China’s Shenzhou-19 mission reaches its halfway, the three astronauts aboard the Tiangong space station, 1 (orbit) 400 kilometers above Earth, have shared their experiences during the Spring Festival, 2 offers a glimpse into their unique lives in space. The crew commander Cai Xuzhe, who returned to the space station after about two years, described the feeling as “warm and familiar” in a video 3 (release) on CCTV. The Shenzhou-19 astronauts entered the space station on Oct. 30, 2024. According to Cai, over the past three months, the crew has completed 4 series of tasks, including the handover with the Shenzhou-18 crew, routine 5 (maintain) of the space station, and two spacewalks. These extravehicular activities (EVAs), 6 (common) known as spacewalks, are essential for repairs, experiments, 7 testing equipment outside the station. Song Lingdong, who participated in two spacewalks, shared his awe-inspiring experience. “Before my first EVA, I imagined what it would be like, but nothing prepared me 8 the moment I opened the hatch and saw Earth. It was breathtaking,” he recalled. “Climbing on the module walls, I felt as if I was walking on clouds. I 9 (fascinate) by the beauty of space, but at the same time, I felt the weight of our mission.” Their first nine-hour spacewalk proved China’s new-generation spacesuits to be both safe and 10 (effect), according to Song. 08（2025·河北秦皇岛·二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Authorized (授权) by Yang Liwei, China’s first astronaut 1 (enter) space, the Beijing Science and Technology Press (BSTP) published the picture book First Man on Sunday, marking the twentieth anniversary of the country’s first manned space travel. Using pictures, the book 2 (vivid) shows the whole process of Yang’s historic flight in October 2003, including the liftoff, in-orbit flight and return to Earth of the Shenzhou V spaceship. This book is an opportunity 3 science publishers to introduce the story of Yang Liwei and the Shenzhou V mission to readers, 4 (allow) them to get to know the Chinese space hero better. The content of the picture book 5 (base) on Yang’s autobiography (自传), Long March to Space, 6 was published in 2010. Part of the book’s context was included in the country’s middle school textbook in 2021. It soon 7 (become) a trending topic on social media networks. Yang often attends science population 8 (event), of which the missions are to light up children’s 9 (curious) and to stimulate them to explore science and the unknown. He hopes the new picture book will prove 10 good science population work. 09（2025·四川宜宾·三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Shijian-19 is China’s first reusable and returnable test satellite. 1 (send) up on Sept. 27 and having returned to Earth safely, Shijian-19 has achieved 2 number of technological breakthroughs. The flight tests confirmed the satellite’s capacity as a high-performance reusable space platform and met all the expected technical 3 (standard). The Shijian-19 satellite, 4 (weigh) about 3, 500 kilograms, has different configurations (配置) for various mission requirements. This mission employed a “short-term” version designed for missions lasting about two weeks. A long-term configuration is capable 5 remaining in orbit longer to support extended experiments. The recoverable part can carry a payload of between 500 and 600 kilograms. With high microgravity levels and efficient performance, Shijian-19 typically 6 (serve) as a critical tool for space science research. It supports studies in areas such as microgravity science and space life science, offering timely and 7 (rely) results. Additionally, researchers used the satellite 8 (conduct) space breeding experiments, test new technologies, and further space science experiments. Shijian-19 also 9 (carry) several payloads for international cooperation, enhancing China’s role in global space exploration efforts. The Shijian-19 mission is part of China’s broader space program, 10 includes ambitious plans for deep space exploration, a range of experiments aboard the Tiangong space station, and advancements in reusable space technologies. 10（2024·四川德阳·模拟预测）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 China ramps up space ambitions with record launch schedule China has ambitious plans for its space industry in 2024, with 1 (approximate) 100 launch missions scheduled, according to the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corp (CASC), the nation’s leading space contractor. The announcement of this record-high number of launch plans 2 (make) during a news conference in Beijing on Monday. CASC will be responsible for nearly 70% of the planned missions, 3 (arrange) over 20 spacecrafts into orbit, said Ma Tao, deputy head of the company’s space program planning department. Notable spaceflights for the year include two 4 (crew) journeys and two unmanned missions to the Tiangong space station. Experts highlight that 5 (significant) mission in 2024 will be Chang’e 6, tasked with bringing back 6 first-ever samples from the little-known far side of the moon. The majority of planned 7 (launch) will be conducted by CASC’s Long March rocket family, with additional ones by the company’s secondary rocket series named Smart Dragon, China Aerospace Science and Industry Corp’s Kuaizhou fleet, and several models from private companies. In 2023, China was the second-ranking country in terms of launch numbers, having carried 8 67 rocket launching missions, with 47 conducted by the Long March rocket family, all of 9 were successful. The company laid 10 (emphasize) on its contionuous efforts in the research, development and construction of over 200 spacecrafts to be launched in the coming years. 11（2025·湖北黄石·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China’s moon-landing spacesuit witnesses China’s commitment to innovation and precision engineering. Designed to tolerate the extreme lunar environment 1 severe temperatures, lack of the atmosphere and lasting radiation 2 (expose) bring significant challenges, the suit features multiple layers. The inner layer provides comfort to keep taikonauts (航天员) cool and dry, one of the middle layers maintains atmospheric pressure essential for survival, and the outer layer, made of strong and heat-resistant materials, 3 (safeguard) taikonauts from the tough lunar conditions. The suit is equipped with 4 (remark) features, one of which is its mobility. 5 the multiple layers and many protective elements, the suit remains flexible. The suit’s gloves, for example, are specially designed to allow for fine motor skills, making it easier for the taikonaut 6 (handle) tools and equipment. The suit marks 7 major breakthrough in space technology. It employs cutting-edge materials that 8 (perfect) since their development, including the use of smart materials that adapt to changing conditions for enhanced protection and comfort. The suit is also packed with high-tech communication and navigation systems, and a range of sensors and 9 (monitor) devices that provide real-time updates on the taikonaut’s health. As China continues to extend 10 (boundary) of space exploration, its moon-landing spacesuit will play an important role in the nation’s pursuit of knowledge and discovery. 12（2025·山东青岛·三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 French scientists at the Institute de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP) are conducting testing on Chang’e-5 lunar samples, aiming to better understand the moon’s early origins and its 1 (form). As part of its April 24 announcement, the China National Space Administration allowed scientists from France, Germany and the US 2 (borrow) Chang’e-5 lunar samples, further expanding global access to lunar research materials. Frederic Moynier, a professor at IPGP, 3 (transport) the Chang’e-5 lunar samples from China to his lab in Paris. He emphasized 4 rarity of the samples collected from a northern region of the moon’s near side 5 had never been sampled before. According to Moynier, these samples show that volcanic activity on the moon existed longer than 6 (previous) thought. Using isotopic (同位素) analysis, he’s identifying origins of various elements 7 (contain) in the lunar soil. His goal is to compare these findings with other missions’ samples to fill gaps 8 the understanding of the moon’s history. Long Zhengyu, a Chinese PhD student at IPGP, pointed out that foreign 9 (laboratory) can provide analysis and testing conditions for the Chang’e-5 lunar samples from China. The project is more than just a scientific effort; it also 10 (serve) as a powerful example of global collaboration and knowledge-sharing. 13（2025·湖北黄冈·三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 With the assistance of the Queqiao 2 relay satellite, China’s Chang’e 6 1 (land) craft softly settled on the lunar surface at 6:23 am in a designated site inside the South Pole - Aitken Basin, the largest, oldest and deepest basin 2 (recognize) on the moon. The event marked the arrival of China’s and also the world’s second-ever spacecraft on the far side, which 3 (believe) by scientists to hold clues to many mysteries surrounding the moon and the solar system. In the next two days, the Chinese craft is set to use a 4 (robot) arm and a drill to collect surface and underground substances and then put them into 5 sealed container before elevating the precious materials into lunar orbit for a return journey. And the new samples will probably offer researchers around the globe useful keys to solving their questions about the moon and will likely bring a diversity of invaluable science 6 (payoff). 7 the last moment of the challenging operation, when the craft was several meters above the lunar surface, its main engine stopped, the craft activated a buffer system 8 it touched down smoothly on the lunar surface, becoming the second spacecraft 9 (arrive) on the lunar far side after China’s Chang’e 4, 10 achieved this action in January 2019. 14（24-25高三上·云南·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The first-ever samples retrieved from the moon’s far side, 1 iconic feat achieved by China’s Chang’e 6 robotic mission, went 2 display at the 75th International Astronautical Congress (IAC). The IAC, 3 (hold) annually since 1950, is the largest global event in the aerospace sector. This year’s congress, themed “Responsible Space for Sustainability”, focuses on promoting the sustainable development of space technologies globally, 4 (ensure) that future space exploration and utilization strike a balance between scientific advancement and environmental protection. This is the first time that the 5 (scientific) valuable lunar substances have been shown outside China since they 6 (bring) back to Earth in June. “The samples, the first materials recovered from the lunar far side, have unique scientific value and will 7 (far) expand humans’ knowledge about the moon’s history 8 help to gear up (准备好) the exploration and 9 (exploit) of lunar resources.” the administration said, noting they are “ 10 (share) treasure” of humanity. The samples attracted many participants to the international conference, including heads of national space agencies and industry representatives. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026届高考英语语法填空分类强化100题（高考真题+名校模拟） 专题32 语法填空之航空航天探索16篇 解析版 （神舟21号载人航天+指令长张陆+中国空间站） 【原创】神舟二十一号瞄准10月31日23时44分发射：张陆、武飞、张洪章太空出差 Shenzhou XXI launch to Tiangong space station set for Friday China plans to launch three astronauts into low-Earth orbit on Friday night to exchange 1 (crew) onboard its Tiangong space station, according to the China Manned Space Agency. A Long March 2F carrier rocket 2 (schedule) for lift off from the Jiuquan spaceport at 11:44 pm on Friday. The rocket will carry the Shenzhou XXI mission crew, headed by Senior Colonel Zhang Lu with Wu Fei and Zhang Hongzhang, toward the Tiangong, 3 has been manned by their Shenzhou XX peers for more than six months. After the Shenzhou XXI spacecraft enters its preset orbital position, it will activate the rapid autonomous rendezvous-docking mode 4 take about three and a half hours to approach and connect with the front port on the Tianhe core module. The Shenzhou XXI team is tasked with operating and maintaining the Tiangong space station during their six-month 5 (fly). The mission will become the second time for Zhang Lu 6 (work) in space, some 29 months after he returned from the Shenzhou XV flight. 7 (complete) in late 2022, the Tiangong is the only operating space station 8 (independent) run by a single nation, orbiting Earth at 9 altitude of about 400 kilometers. The orbital outpost has been manned by the Shenzhou XX astronauts 10 their arrival in late April. The team is scheduled to fly back to Earth after several days of handover work with their successors. 【答案】1. crews 2. is scheduled 3. which 4. and 5. flight 6. to work 7. Completed 8. independently 9. an 10. since 【导读】执行神舟二十一号载人飞行任务的航天员乘组由张陆、武飞、张洪章组成，张陆担任指令长。飞船入轨后，将采用自主快速交会对接模式，约3.5小时后对接于天和核心舱前向端口，形成三船三舱组合体。【解析】 1. 考查名词复数用法。句意：我国计划于周五夜间将 3 名航天员送入近地轨道，完成天宫空间站的乘组轮换工作。结合语境交换乘组，应该用复数形式。故填crews。 2. 考查动词时态语态和主谓一致用法。句意：长征二号 F 运载火箭定于周五23时44分从酒泉卫星发射中心发射。be scheduled for…表示“预定要……”，结合语境应用一般现在时。故填is scheduled。 3. 考查非限制性定语从句用法。句意：目前驻守空间站的是神舟二十号乘组，他们已在太空值守逾6个月。空白处需要定语从句，且缺少主语，先行词是the Tiangong。故填which。 4. 考查并列句用法。句意：神舟二十一号飞船进入预定轨道后，将启动快速自主交会对接模式，约3个半小时后与天和核心舱前向端口完成对接。结合语境这里是并列谓语，缺少并列连词and。故填and。 5. 考查动词变名词用法。句意：神舟二十一号乘组将在轨执行为期6个月的飞行任务。fly的名词是flight。故填flight。 6. 考查非谓语动词用法。句意：张陆曾执行神舟十五号任务，此次是他自该任务返回地球约29个月后，再度执行太空飞行任务。序数词后常接动词不定式作定语。故填to work。 7. 考查非谓语动词用法。句意：天宫空间站于2022年底完成建造，是目前全球唯一由单一国家独立运营的在轨空间站，轨道高度约 400公里。这里过去分词短语作状语，表示一个被动的行为。故填Completed。 8. 考查副词用法。句意：同上。结合语境修饰动词应用副词。故填independently。 9. 考查冠词用法。句意：同上。orbiting Earth at an altitude of about 400 kilometers表示“在轨道高度约 400公里轨道运行”。故填an。 10. 考查介词用法。句意：神舟二十号乘组自4月底进驻空间站后，一直在此驻守。结合语境这里应用since与现在完成时连用。故填since。 【全文翻译】 中国载人航天工程办公室消息，我国计划于周五夜间将 3 名航天员送入近地轨道，完成天宫空间站的乘组轮换工作。 长征二号 F 运载火箭定于周五23时44分从酒泉卫星发射中心发射。该火箭将搭载神舟二十一号载人飞行任务乘组 —— 由张陆大校担任指令长，武飞、张洪章为成员 —— 前往天宫空间站。目前驻守空间站的是神舟二十号乘组，他们已在太空值守逾6个月。 神舟二十一号飞船进入预定轨道后，将启动快速自主交会对接模式，约3个半小时后与天和核心舱前向端口完成对接。 神舟二十一号乘组将在为期6个月的飞行任务中，负责天宫空间站的运营与维护。其中，张陆曾执行神舟十五号任务，此次是他自该任务返回地球约29个月后，再度执行太空飞行任务。 天宫空间站于2022年底完成建造，是目前全球唯一由单一国家独立运营的在轨空间站，轨道高度约 400公里。神舟二十号乘组自4月底进驻空间站后，一直在此驻守；他们将在与神舟二十一号乘组完成数日交接工作后，返回地球。 【原创】China unveils Shenzhou-21 crew for space station mission JIUQUAN, Oct. 30 (Xinhua) -- Chinese astronauts Zhang Lu, Wu Fei and Zhang Hongzhang will carry out the Shenzhou-21 crewed spaceflight mission, and Zhang Lu will be the 1 (command), the China Manned Space Agency announced at a press conference on Thursday. The Shenzhou-21 crewed spaceship is scheduled 2 (launch) at 11:44 p.m. Friday from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in northwest China. Zhang Lu was a crew member of the Shenzhou-15 mission. Wu Fei and Zhang Hongzhang, 3 from the third batch of Chinese astronauts, will carry out the spaceflight mission for the first time. This mission is the 4 (six) manned flight mission 5 the space station entered the application and development phase, and the 37th flight of China's manned spaceflight program. The Shenzhou-21 astronauts 6 (complete) in-orbit rotation with the Shenzhou-20 crew, and stay in the space station for about six months. The new crew will carry out work on space science and application, perform extravehicular activities and cargo handling, install space debris protection devices, 7 recover extravehicular payloads and equipment. They will also participate 8 science education and public welfare activities, and conduct in-orbit 9 (experiment). The Shenzhou-20 crew will return to the Dongfeng landing site in north China's Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region after 10 (finish) the in-orbit handover with the Shenzhou-21 crew. 【答案】 1. commander 2. to be launched 3. both 4. sixth 5. since 6. will complete 7. and 8. in 9. experiments 10. finishing 语法填空航空航天探索专辑 01（25-26高三上·广东·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Lanyue, or Embracing the Moon, first appeared in a poem written by the late Chairman Mao Zedong in 1965. The word “Lanyue” 1 (symbolize) the Chinese people’s ambition and 2 (confident) in their exploration of the universe and expedition to the moon. The name of the new crew spaceship is Mengzhou, or Dream Vessel, 3 represents its responsibility of fulfilling the Chinese nation’s dream of landing on the moon to start 4 new journey of space adventure, according to the agency. It noted that there will be two models of the Mengzhou — one will be used 5 (transport) astronauts to the moon while the other will replace the current spaceship Shenzhou to ferry crew members between Earth and the Tiangong space station, which 6 (orbit) around the Earth for about three years. China has announced its plan of conducting its first 7 (man) mission to the moon around 2030, when the Lanyue lunar lander will have two parts — a landing section and a launching section, weighing 8 (approximate) 26 tons. It will accommodate two astronauts and a 200-kilogram rover. The Mengzhou spacecraft will also consist 9 two major components — a reentry module (返回舱) housing astronauts and serving as the control center for the entire craft during spaceflight, and a service module containing power and propulsion systems. The vehicle will be nearly 9 meters in length, 4.5 meters in diameter 10 weigh 22 metric tons. 【答案】1．symbolizes 2．confidence 3．which 4．a 5．to transport 6．has been orbiting/has orbited 7．manned 8．approximately 9．of 10．and 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国公布载人登月着陆器“揽月”和新型载人飞船“梦舟”的名称，展示了其探索宇宙和实现登月梦想的雄心。 1．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：“揽月”一词象征着中国人民探索宇宙、登月探险的雄心和自信。空处为句子的谓语动词，句子描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语The word “Lanyue”为单数概念，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填symbolizes。 2．考查名词。句意：同上。根据空前的名词所有格people’s和连词and可知，空处应与名词ambition并列，共同作动词symbolizes的宾语，所以应用confident的名词形式confidence，意为“信心”，为不可数名词。故填confidence。 3．考查定语从句。句意：据该机构称，新的载人飞船命名为“梦舟”，即“梦想之舟”，它代表着实现中华民族登月梦想、开启太空探险新征程的责任。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词the new crew spaceship指物，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，所以应用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。 4．考查冠词。句意：同上。journey为可数名词，此处泛指“一次新的太空探险之旅”，应用不定冠词修饰；空后new的发音以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：该机构指出，“梦舟”将有两种型号：一种将用于把宇航员送往月球，另一种将取代目前的“神舟”号飞船，在地球和已经绕地球运行了大约三年的天宫空间站之间运送宇航员。句中为固定搭配be used to do sth.“被用来做某事”。故填to transport。 6．考查动词时态。句意：同上。空处为定语从句的谓语动词，从句主语为which指代的先行词the Tiangong space station，为单数概念；根据时间状语for about three years可知，此处可表示从过去某一时间开始并持续到现在的动作，而且这个动作可能还会持续下去，用现在完成进行时has been orbiting，强调动作的持续性；也可表示这一动作到目前为止持续了近三年，对现在的影响，用现在完成时has orbited。故填has been orbiting/has orbited。 7．考查形容词。句意：中国已宣布计划在2030年左右进行首次载人登月任务，届时“揽月”登月着陆器将由两部分组成——着陆部分和发射部分，重量约26吨。空处修饰空后名词mission，应用形容词manned作定语，意为“载人的”。故填manned。 8．考查副词。句意：同上。空处修饰数词26，应用副词approximately作状语，意为“大约”。故填approximately。 9．考查介词。句意：“梦舟”飞船也将由两个主要部分组成——一个返回舱，用于容纳宇航员，并在太空飞行期间作为整个飞船的控制中心；一个服务舱，包含动力和推进系统。consist of为固定短语，表示“由……组成”，空处应填介词of。故填of。 10．考查连词。句意：该飞行器长近9米，直径4.5米，重22公吨。空处连接“be nearly 9 meters in length, 4.5 meters in diameter”和“weigh 22 metric tons”，表示并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。 02（2025·辽宁沈阳·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China launched the Shenzhou XIX manned spaceship on Wednesday. The crew members were fully trained and prepared, and the launch became 1 hit globally. Of the three astronauts, Wang Haoze, the only female space flight engineer in China currently, 2 (inspire) many Chinese netizens with her experiences and dedication since the launch. During her college years, she stood out 3 (academic), ranking at the top of her class. Wang majored 4 power engineering at college. “From a rocket engine designer to a space flight engineer, my role has changed, 5 the initial spirit and mission of serving the country in space remains the same,” Wang said on Wednesday. As an engineer, Wang previously had no flight experience, 6 (make) the aerospace physiology tests (航空航天生理学测试) in the selection process particularly challenging. However, she was determined never to be the first one 7 (ring) the emergency bell. After nearly a thousand practices, 8 (equip) with what it took to be a qualified astronaut, she set out on her first space journey. Wang’s 9 (persevere) has inspired many netizens, some of 10 commented that Wang is surely working hard and paying a lot of effort. 【答案】 1．a 2．has inspired 3．academically 4．in 5．but 6．making 7．to ring 8．equipped 9．perseverance 10．whom 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。报道了中国发射神舟十九号载人飞船这一事件，并着重介绍了航天员王浩泽的经历与事迹。 1．考查冠词。句意：机组人员经过了充分的训练和准备，这次发射在全球范围内引起了轰动。“hit”是可数名词，此处表示“一件成功而轰动的事”，且“hit”发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词“a”。故填a。 2．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在三名航天员中，目前中国唯一的女航天飞行工程师王浩泽，自发射以来，她的经历和奉献精神激励了许多中国网民。根据“since the launch”可知，此处应用现在完成时，且主语“Wang Haoze”是第三人称单数。故填has inspired。 3．考查副词。句意：在大学期间，她学业成绩优异，在班上名列前茅。“stood out”是动词短语，应用副词“academically”来修饰，表示“在学术上”。故填academically。 4．考查介词。句意：王在大学主修动力工程。“major in”是固定短语，意为“主修”。故填in。 5．考查连词。句意：“从火箭发动机设计师到航天飞行工程师，我的角色发生了变化，但为太空事业服务国家的初心和使命始终不变，”王周三说。根据句意可知，前后句之间为转折关系，应用“but”连接。故填but。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：作为一名工程师，王以前没有飞行经验，这使得选拔过程中的航空航天生理学测试特别具有挑战性。句中已有谓语动词“had”，且没有连词，所以动词“make”需使用非谓语动词形式。根据语意可知，此处应用现在分词作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。故填making。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，她下定决心，绝不做第一个按紧急警报铃的人。此处为“序数词 + 名词 + 不定式”固定结构，所以应用不定式“to ring”作后置定语，修饰“the first one”，表示“第一个按紧急警报铃的人”。故填to ring。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：经过近千次练习，她具备了成为一名合格航天员的素质，开始了她的第一次太空之旅。句中已有谓语动词“set out”，且空格前没有连词连接，所以应用动词“equip”的非谓语动词形式。“equip”与主语“she”之间为被动关系，“be equipped with”表示“具备”，所以用过去分词作状语。故填equipped。 9．考查名词。句意：王的毅力激励了许多网民，其中一些人评论说，王一定在努力工作，付出了很多努力。根据空前的所有格“Wang’s”可知，此处应用“persevere”的名词形式“perseverance”，作主语，表示“毅力”，为不可数名词。故填perseverance。 10．考查定语从句。句意：王的毅力激励了许多网民，其中一些人评论说，王一定在努力工作，付出了很多努力。此处为“介词 + 关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词是“netizens”，指人，应用关系代词“whom”。故填whom。 03（25-26高三上·河南·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The extravehicular (舱外的) spacesuit B was worn by astronaut Chen Dong on August 15 during the third series of extravehicular activities (EVAs) of the Shenzhou-20 crew aboard China’s orbiting space station. The suit thus became the first 1 its kind on China’s space station 2 (meet) the goal of supporting 20 EVAs within 4 years. 3 space station spacesuit B has been worn by 11 astronauts across eight manned space tasks, according to Zhang Wanxin from the China Astronaut Research and Training Center. An extravehicular spacesuit is essential equipment for astronauts during EVAs in space, ensuring their safety and 4 (enable) efficient operations outside the cabin (舱室). The second-generation Feitian extravehicular spacesuit on China’s space station 5 (have) a three-year service life in orbit, during 6 period it can be used for at least 15 EVAs, according to its design standards. China’s space station extravehicular spacesuit is the first flight product in China to perform in-orbit lifespan 7 (assess) and extended use. On July 15, Tianzhou-9 cargo craft delivered new supplies to China’s space station, including two sets of second-generation Feitian extravehicular spacesuits, 8 (label) D and E. Compared to the country’s first-generation Feitian spacesuits for spacewalks, the second-generation suits feature key technological advances. They have a 9 (long) lifespan. Besides, they are safer and more 10 (rely), and support astronauts’ operations more efficiently, providing strong support for EVAs during the construction and operation of China’s space station, according to Zhang. 【答案】 1．of 2．to meet 3．The 4．enabling 5．has 6．which 7．assessment 8．labeled/ labelled 9．longer 10．reliable 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国空间站舱外航天服的相关情况，包括其使用记录、功能作用、设计标准、技术升级，以及天舟九号货运飞船为空间站运送新一代航天服的信息。 1．考查介词。句意：该航天服因此成为中国空间站首个同类产品，实现了4年内支持20次出舱活动的目标。“of its kind”为固定短语，意为“同类的；这种类型的”，用于修饰名词“the first”，符合语境。故填of。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。句中已有谓语动词became，所以此处应用meet的非谓语动词形式，当名词前有the first、the only等修饰时，常用动词不定式作定语，所以此处应用meet的不定式形式，修饰前面的名词kind。故填to meet。 3．考查冠词。句意：中国航天员科研训练中心的张万新表示，舱外航天服B已伴随8次载人航天任务，供11名航天员穿着使用。此处特指前文提到的“space station spacesuit B”，应用定冠词the修饰，且位于句首首字母需大写。故填The。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：舱外航天服是航天员在太空出舱活动中的必备装备，既能保障航天员安全，又能助力舱外高效作业。句中已有谓语动词“is”，所以此处应用enable的非谓语动词形式，因其与逻辑主语“An extravehicular spacesuit”之间为主动关系，所以应用现在分词形式与“ensuring”并列作状语。故填enabling。 5．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：据设计标准，中国空间站第二代“飞天”舱外航天服在轨道上的使用寿命为3年，期间至少可支持15次出舱活动。根据上下文语境可知，此处描述航天服的设计标准这一客观事实，应用一般现在时；主语“the second-generation Feitian extravehicular spacesuit”为单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填has。 6．考查定语从句。句意：同上。此处为“介词 + 关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词是“a three-year service life”，指物，关系词在从句中作定语，修饰“period”，应用which引导，during which period表示“在这段期间内”。故填which。 7．考查名词。句意：中国空间站舱外航天服是国内首个实现在轨寿命评估与延长使用的飞行产品。根据空格前的“lifespan”和空后的并列结构“and extended use”可知，此处应用assess的名词形式assessment作宾语，lifespan assessment意为“寿命评估”，为固定搭配。故填assessment。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：7月15日，天舟九号货运飞船向中国空间站运送了新的物资，其中包括两套第二代“飞天”舱外航天服，分别标注为D和E。句中已有谓语动词“delivered”，所以此处应用label的非谓语动词形式，因其被修饰的名词“(two sets of second-generation Feitian extravehicular) spacesuits”之间为被动关系，即航天服被标注，所以应用过去分词作后置定语。故填label(l)ed。 9．考查形容词比较级。句意：它们的使用寿命更长。根据前文“Compared to the country’s first-generation Feitian spacesuits”可知，此处是将第二代航天服与第一代对比，应用long的比较级形式longer，表“更长的”。故填longer。 10．考查形容词。句意：此外，张万新表示，它们更安全、更可靠，能更高效地支持航天员作业，为中国空间站建造和运营阶段的出舱活动提供有力保障。根据空格前的系动词“are”和“safer and more”可知，此处应用rely的形容词形式reliable作表语，与“safer”并列，意为“可靠的”。故填reliable。 04（24-25高三下·广西柳州·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Shenzhou-19 crew members aboard China’s orbiting space station completed the first extravehicular activities(EVAs)of their mission at 9:57 p. m. (Beijing Time) 1 Tuesday, according to the China Manned Space Agency (CMSA). Cai Xuzhe, Song Lingdong and Wang Haoze worked for nine hours on 2 (complete) multiple tasks, including the installation of space-debris protection devices. They 3 (assist) by the space station’s robotic arm and a team on Earth. Cai and Song, the two crew members assigned the EVA duty, have since returned 4 (safe) to the Wentian lab module. The mission of the first extravehicular activities of the Shenzhou-19 crew was 5 great success, setting a new record for the duration of extravehicular 6 (task) by Chinese astronauts, said the CMSA．It marked Cai’s second EVAs in space, following 7 (he) initial EVAs during the Shenzhou-14 mission two years ago. Song, 8 is a role model for the younger generation, became the first Chinese astronaut born after 1990 to carry out EVAs, said the agency. The Shenzhou-19 crew is set to carry out a lot of 9 (schedule) space-science experiments and technical tests, while they will also undertake extravehicular activities and install 10 (science) equipment outside the space station, the agency added. 【答案】 1．on 2．completing 3．were assisted 4．safely 5．a 6．tasks 7．his 8．who 9．scheduled 10．scientific 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了中国轨道空间站上的神舟十九号机组人员完成了该次飞行任务的首次舱外活动的情况。 1．考查介词。句意：据中国载人航天工程办公室称，神舟十九号乘组人员于周二晚上 9 点 57 分完成了他们任务中的首次出舱活动。在具体的某一天用介词 on，这里是 “在周二”，故填on。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：蔡旭哲、宋凌东和王浩泽工作了 9 个小时来完成多项任务，包括安装太空碎片防护装置。for 是介词，后面接动词动名词，即 -ing 形式，故填completing。 3．考查时态和语态。句意：他们得到了空间站机械臂和地球上一个团队的协助。主语 they 和 assist 之间是被动关系，且动作发生在过去，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，故填were assisted。 4．考查副词。句意：被分配出舱任务的两名机组人员蔡和宋已经安全返回了问天实验舱。修饰动词 return 用副词safely，故填safely。 5．考查冠词。句意：中国航天局表示，神舟19号航天员首次舱外活动任务取得了巨大成功，创造了中国航天员舱外任务持续时间的新纪录。success 在这里是抽象名词具体化，表示 “一件成功的事”，是可数名词，用不定冠词  表泛指，且great首字母的发音为辅音音素。故填a。 6．考查名词复数。句意：同上。task 是可数名词，根据语境可知这里指多项出舱任务，用复数形式tasks作宾语，故填tasks。 7．考查代词。句意：这是蔡两年前在神舟十四号任务中首次出舱后的第二次太空出舱活动。修饰名词短语 initial EVAs 用形容词性物主代词，作定语。故his。 8．考查定语从句。句意：该机构称，宋是年轻一代的榜样，他成为了第一位出生于 1990 年后执行出舱活动的中国宇航员。先行词是 Song，指人，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，用关系代词 who 引导，故填who。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：神舟十九号乘组将进行大量预定的空间科学实验和技术测试，同时他们还将进行出舱活动并在空间站外安装科学设备。scheduled 是形容词化的过去分词，作定语修饰 space - science experiments and technical tests，表示 “预定的；已排定的”，故填scheduled。 10．考查形容词。句意：神舟十九号乘组将进行大量预定的空间科学实验和技术测试，同时他们还将进行出舱活动并在空间站外安装科学设备。修饰名词 equipment 用形容词scientific，故填scientific。 05（2025高三下·全国·专题练习）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 With the China Manned Space Agency’s 1 (announce)  of an open call for space breeding (育种) experimental projects, China’s “space greenhouse ” is ready to welcome the planting of more new species, as recent years 2 (see) a significant increase in the variety of crops that have toured around space. Staple (主食) crops and vegetable crops are the main species that have been promoted 3 (great) on the ground after space breeding. They include rice, corn, peppers, tomatoes, and other varieties. Many space- bred crops have now been planted 4 large numbers. The rice species 5 (carry) by the Shenzhou-10 manned mission have produced nearly 10 new varieties of high- quality, high- production rice in the past five 6 (year). What’s more, more than 5,000 high-quality vegetable varieties have been bred onboard the Shenzhou series of manned spacecraft, 7 (create) several new varieties of vegetables such as space peppers and space tomatoes. Space peppers, for example, contain 20 percent more vitamin (维他命) C than ordinary ones. The production has also been improved, bringing considerable economic benefits to farmers. Many of these crops have already entered ordinary households and 8 (serve) at the dinner table nowadays. 9 large number of breeding materials have been sent into space in recent years. It is sure 10 more new varieties with new features and tastes will enter the market soon in the future. 【答案】 1．announcement 2．have seen 3．greatly 4．in 5．carried 6．years 7．creating 8．are served 9．A 10．that 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了中国载人航天工程在太空育种方面的进展和成果，介绍了太空育种对农作物产量和质量的提升，以及这些作物对农民和普通家庭的经济和生活带来的积极影响。 1．考查名词形式。句意：随着中国载人航天总署宣布公开征集太空育种实验项目，中国的“太空温室”已经准备好迎接更多新物种的种植，因为近年来在太空中巡游的作物品种显著增加。此处为名词作宾语，announce的名词为announcement意为“宣布”。故填announcement。 2．考查现在完成时。句意： 随着中国载人航天总署宣布公开征集太空育种实验项目，中国的“太空温室”已经准备好迎接更多新物种的种植，因为近年来在太空中巡游的作物品种显著增加。此处为谓语动词，根据主语“recent years”和句意可知，此处需要使用现在完成时，see与主语recent years之间为主动关系，且主语为名词复数，所以谓语动词为have seen，表示“见证”符合句意。故填have seen。 3．考查副词。句意：主食作物和蔬菜作物是太空育种后在地面上大力推广的主要物种。此处为副词作状语，greatly修饰动词promoted，great的副词为greatly。故填greatly。 4．考查固定搭配。句意：许多太空育种的作物现在已经大量种植。根据句意，此处需要使用固定搭配in large numbers，表示“大量”。故填in。 5．考查过去分词。句意：由神舟十号载人任务携带的水稻品种在过去五年中已经培育出了近10种高质量、高产量的水稻新品种。此处为carry非谓语动词作定语，carry与The rice species为被动关系，此处需要过去分词形式carried作后置定语。故填carried。 6．考查名词复数。句意：在过去五年中，由神舟十号载人任务携带的水稻品种已经培育出了近10种高质量、高产量的水稻新品种。year为可数名词，且有five修饰，此处需要使用名词复数形式years。故填years。 7．考查现在分词。句意：此外，在神舟系列载人飞船上已经培育了5000多种高质量的蔬菜品种，创造了几种新的蔬菜品种，如太空辣椒和太空番茄。空处为非谓语动词作状语，create与逻辑主语为主动关系，所以此处使用现在分词creating作伴随状语。故填creating。 8．考查动词时态和语态。句意：许多这些作物已经进入普通家庭，并出现在如今的餐桌上。根据句意以及时间状语nowadays可知，本句为一般现在时，主语Many of these crops与谓语serve为被动关系，所以本句为一般现在时被动语态，且主语为名词复数。故填are served。 9．考查冠词。句意：近年来，大量的育种材料被送入太空。此处为固定短语A large number of意为“许多，大量”，首字母大写。故填A。 10．考查固定句型。句意：可以肯定的是，更多具有新特性和新口味的新品种将在不久的将来进入市场。本句为主语从句，it作形式主语，that从句作真正的主语。故填that。 06（2024·四川德阳·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 At 4: 27 a. m. Beijing time on October 30, China’s Shenzhou 19 spacecraft 1 (launch) on a Long March 2F rocket and docked with the Tiangong space station just 6. 5 hours later. The launch of the Shenzhou-19 crewed spaceship is 2 complete success, according to the China Manned Space Agency (CMSA) . This mission marks the 33rd mission of China’s manned space program, 3 (feature) a new crew of astronauts: mission commander Cai Xuzhe, and first-time astronauts Song Lingdong and Wang Haoze. Remarkably, Wang is only the third female Chinese astronaut 4 (participate) in the spaceflight. While aboard Tiangong, the crew will conduct 86 science and technology experiments, including cultivating plants like lettuce and sweet potatoes, and studying fruit flies 5 genetic similarities to humans make them ideal for this research. China has 6 (active) carried out space exploration missions in recent years, including the launches of Chang’e lunar probes, the Mars probe Tianwen-1, 7 the solar exploration satellite Xihe, as well as the construction of the country’s space station. These missions have continuously deepened people’s understanding of the universe and contributed to 8 (improve) the well-being of humanity. As China prepares for manned lunar exploration, astronauts will require special training to deal with the moon’s 9 (low) gravity than the earth’s. Despite the risks in space travel, China’s “one launch, one backup” policy ensures 10 (secure) measures are in place. As Shenzhou 19 continues its six-month mission, it demonstrates China’s progress and ambitions in space exploration. 【答案】 1．was launched 2．a 3．featuring 4．to participate 5．whose 6．actively 7．and 8．improving 9．lower 10．security 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了中国神舟19号载人飞船发射并成功对接天宫空间站，标志着中国航天事业的又一项成就。 1．考查动词时态和语态。句意：北京时间10月30日凌晨4:27，中国的神舟19号飞船搭乘长征2F火箭发射升空，并在仅仅6.5小时后与天宫空间站对接。此处动作“发射”是指在过去完成的动作，且主语spacecraft与动词launch之间的关系是被动，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was launched。 2．考查冠词。句意：据中国载人航天工程办公室(CMSA)报道，神舟19号载人飞船的发射取得圆满成功。表示泛指“一次成功的事情”且complete的发音以辅音音素开头，应填不定冠词a。故填a。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：此次任务是中国载人航天计划的第33次任务，计划中包含了一批新的宇航员：任务指挥官蔡旭哲，以及首次飞行的宇航员宋令东和王浩泽。此处为非谓语动词作状语，feature与主语mission之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填featuring。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：值得注意的是，王是第三位参加航天飞行的中国女宇航员。“the+序数词+名词”后接动词不定式作定语，表示“第三位……的宇航员”。故填to participate。 5．考查定语从句。句意：在天宫号上，机组人员将进行86项科技实验，包括种植生菜和红薯等植物，以及研究与人类基因相似的果蝇，它们是这项研究的理想选择。此处为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词fruit flies，从句中缺少定语，表示“果蝇的基因”，应用关系代词whose。故填whose。 6．考查副词。句意：中国近年来积极开展了空间探索任务，包括嫦娥探月、火星探测器天问-1号、太阳探测卫星羲和号的发射以及中国空间站的建设。设空处作状语，修饰动词短语carried out，应用副词actively。故填actively。 7．考查连词。句意：中国近年来积极开展了空间探索任务，包括嫦娥探月、火星探测器天问-1号、太阳探测卫星羲和号的发射以及中国空间站的建设。并列连词and连接前后名词。故填and。 8．考查动名词。句意：这些任务不断加深了人们对宇宙的理解，并为改善人类福祉做出了贡献。介词to后接动名词形式作宾语。故填improving。 9．考查比较级。句意：随着中国准备进行载人月球探测，航天员将需要进行特殊训练以应对月球上低于地球的重力。设空处前有比较级标志词than，应用low的比较级形式。故填lower。 10．考查名词。句意：尽管太空旅行存在风险，中国的“发射一发，备份一发”政策确保了安全措施的存在。应用名词security作宾语，security measures为固定搭配。故填security。 07（24-25高三下·广西来宾·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As China’s Shenzhou-19 mission reaches its halfway, the three astronauts aboard the Tiangong space station, 1 (orbit) 400 kilometers above Earth, have shared their experiences during the Spring Festival, 2 offers a glimpse into their unique lives in space. The crew commander Cai Xuzhe, who returned to the space station after about two years, described the feeling as “warm and familiar” in a video 3 (release) on CCTV. The Shenzhou-19 astronauts entered the space station on Oct. 30, 2024. According to Cai, over the past three months, the crew has completed 4 series of tasks, including the handover with the Shenzhou-18 crew, routine 5 (maintain) of the space station, and two spacewalks. These extravehicular activities (EVAs), 6 (common) known as spacewalks, are essential for repairs, experiments, 7 testing equipment outside the station. Song Lingdong, who participated in two spacewalks, shared his awe-inspiring experience. “Before my first EVA, I imagined what it would be like, but nothing prepared me 8 the moment I opened the hatch and saw Earth. It was breathtaking,” he recalled. “Climbing on the module walls, I felt as if I was walking on clouds. I 9 (fascinate) by the beauty of space, but at the same time, I felt the weight of our mission.” Their first nine-hour spacewalk proved China’s new-generation spacesuits to be both safe and 10 (effect), according to Song. 【答案】 1．orbiting 2．which 3．released 4．a 5．maintenance 6．commonly 7．and 8．for 9．was fascinated 10．effective 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了神舟十九号航天员在太空中的春节经历与任务完成情况。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：随着中国神舟十九号任务进行到一半，在距离地球400公里上绕轨的天宫空间站上的三名宇航员在春节期间分享了他们的经历，让我们得以一窥他们在太空中的独特生活。orbit在句中应用非谓语动词作后置定语修饰the Tiangong space station，orbit与逻辑主语the Tiangong space station构成主动关系，所以用现在分词形式。故填orbiting。 2．考查定语从句。句意：随着中国神舟十九号任务进行到一半，在距离地球400公里上绕轨的天宫空间站上的三名宇航员在春节期间分享了他们的经历，让我们得以一窥他们在太空中的独特生活。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词experiences。先行词指物，且关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：指令长蔡旭哲在中央电视台发布的一段视频中描述了这种感觉为“温暖而熟悉”，他大约两年后重返空间站。release在句中应用非谓语动词作定语修饰a video。release与逻辑主语a video构成被动关系，所以用过去分词形式。故填released。 4．考查冠词。句意：据蔡旭哲介绍，在过去三个月里，机组人员完成了一系列任务，包括与神舟十八号机组的交接、空间站的例行维护以及两次太空行走。a series of是固定短语，意为“一系列的”。故填a。 5．考查名词。句意：据蔡旭哲介绍，在过去三个月里，机组人员完成了一系列任务，包括与神舟十八号机组的交接、空间站的例行维护以及两次太空行走。routine是形容词，后面需要接名词，maintain的名词形式是maintenance，意为 “维护；保养”，在这里作宾语。故填maintenance。 6．考查副词。句意：这些舱外活动，通常被称为太空行走，对于维修、实验和测试空间站外的设备至关重要。修饰后文动词known应用副词commonly“通常地”，作状语。故填commonly。 7．考查连词。句意：这些舱外活动，通常被称为太空行走，对于维修、实验和测试空间站外的设备至关重要。“repairs, experiments”和“testing equipment”是并列关系，都属于太空行走的目的，所以用并列连词and连接。故填and。 8．考查介词。句意：“在我第一次出舱活动之前，我想象过它会是什么样子，但当我打开舱门看到地球的那一刻，没有任何事情能让我做好准备。那令人叹为观止，”他回忆道。prepare sb. for sth.是固定搭配，意为“使某人对某事做好准备”。故填for。 9．考查时态语态。句意：我被太空的美丽所吸引，但同时，我也感受到了我们使命的重量。空处为句子的谓语动词。句子描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，主语I与谓语动词fascinate构成被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为I。故填was fascinated。 10．考查形容词。句意：据宋介绍，他们第一次9小时的太空行走证明了中国新一代宇航服既安全又有效。作表语，应用形容词effective“有效的”。故填effective。 08（2025·河北秦皇岛·二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Authorized (授权) by Yang Liwei, China’s first astronaut 1 (enter) space, the Beijing Science and Technology Press (BSTP) published the picture book First Man on Sunday, marking the twentieth anniversary of the country’s first manned space travel. Using pictures, the book 2 (vivid) shows the whole process of Yang’s historic flight in October 2003, including the liftoff, in-orbit flight and return to Earth of the Shenzhou V spaceship. This book is an opportunity 3 science publishers to introduce the story of Yang Liwei and the Shenzhou V mission to readers, 4 (allow) them to get to know the Chinese space hero better. The content of the picture book 5 (base) on Yang’s autobiography (自传), Long March to Space, 6 was published in 2010. Part of the book’s context was included in the country’s middle school textbook in 2021. It soon 7 (become) a trending topic on social media networks. Yang often attends science population 8 (event), of which the missions are to light up children’s 9 (curious) and to stimulate them to explore science and the unknown. He hopes the new picture book will prove 10 good science population work. 【答案】 1．to enter 2．vividly 3．for 4．allowing 5．is based 6．which 7．became 8．events 9．curiosity 10．a 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了经中国首位进入太空的宇航员杨利伟授权，北京科学技术出版社出版了图画书《太空一日》，以此纪念中国首次载人航天飞行二十周年。 1．考查不定式。句意：上周日，由中国首位进入太空的宇航员杨利伟授权，北京科学技术出版社出版了绘本《太空一日》，以纪念我国首次载人航天飞行20周年。 设空处为非谓语动词，astronaut被序数词first修饰，其后常用动词不定式作后置定语，故填to enter。 2．考查副词。句意：这本书用图片生动地展示了2003年10月杨利伟历史性飞行的全过程，包括神舟五号飞船升空、在轨飞行和返回地球。空处修饰动词shows，需要用副词来修饰作状语，vivid是形容词，其副词形式是vividly，故填vividly。 3．考查介词。句意：这本书是科学出版商向读者介绍杨利伟和神舟五号任务的一个机会，让他们更好地了解这位中国太空英雄。an opportunity for sb. to do sth.是固定用法，表示“某人做某事的机会”，故填for。 4．考查现在分词。句意：同上。This book与allow之间是主动关系，即这本书“允许”读者更好地了解英雄，所以用现在分词作状语，故填allowing。 5．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这本绘本的内容是根据杨的自传《天地九重》改编的，该书于2010年出版。be based on是固定短语，表示“基于；以……为基础”，句子描述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，主语The content of the picture book是单数，所以be动词用is，故填is based。 6．考查定语从句。句意：同上。此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词是Long March to Space，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。 7．考查时态。句意：它很快成为社交媒体网络上的热门话题。设空处为谓语，根据上文时间状语“in 2021”可知，该句时态为一般过去时，所以动词become要用过去式became。故填became。 8．考查名词的数。句意：杨利伟经常参加科普活动，这些活动的使命是点燃孩子们的好奇心，并激励他们探索科学和未知领域。event是可数名词，根据语境可知，杨利伟经常参加多个科普活动，所以要用复数形式，故填events。 9．考查名词。句意：同上。children’s是名词所有格，后面需要接名词，curious是形容词，其名词形式是curiosity，表示“好奇心”，不可数名词。故填curiosity。 10．考查冠词。句意：他希望新的图画书能证明是一本很好的科普读物。work意为“作品”，为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且good发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a修饰，故填a。 09（2025·四川宜宾·三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Shijian-19 is China’s first reusable and returnable test satellite. 1 (send) up on Sept. 27 and having returned to Earth safely, Shijian-19 has achieved 2 number of technological breakthroughs. The flight tests confirmed the satellite’s capacity as a high-performance reusable space platform and met all the expected technical 3 (standard). The Shijian-19 satellite, 4 (weigh) about 3, 500 kilograms, has different configurations (配置) for various mission requirements. This mission employed a “short-term” version designed for missions lasting about two weeks. A long-term configuration is capable 5 remaining in orbit longer to support extended experiments. The recoverable part can carry a payload of between 500 and 600 kilograms. With high microgravity levels and efficient performance, Shijian-19 typically 6 (serve) as a critical tool for space science research. It supports studies in areas such as microgravity science and space life science, offering timely and 7 (rely) results. Additionally, researchers used the satellite 8 (conduct) space breeding experiments, test new technologies, and further space science experiments. Shijian-19 also 9 (carry) several payloads for international cooperation, enhancing China’s role in global space exploration efforts. The Shijian-19 mission is part of China’s broader space program, 10 includes ambitious plans for deep space exploration, a range of experiments aboard the Tiangong space station, and advancements in reusable space technologies. 【答案】 1．Sent 2．a 3．standards 4．weighing 5．of 6．serves 7．reliable 8．to conduct 9．carried 10．which 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍的是中国首颗可重复使用返回式卫星——实践十九号的技术突破及其在空间科学研究中的应用。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：实践十九号卫星于9月27日发射升空，并安全返回地球，取得了多项技术突破。本句已有谓语动词has achieved，且空处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词；动词send与主语Shijian-19之间是被动关系，所以空处需用过去分词sent作状语，句首单词首字母需大写。故填Sent。 2．考查冠词。句意：实践十九号卫星于9月27日发射升空，并安全返回地球，取得了多项技术突破。a number of是固定短语，意为“许多，大量”。故填a。 3．考查可数名词的复数。句意：飞行试验证实了该卫星作为高性能可重复使用空间平台的能力，并达到了所有预期的技术标准。Standard是可数名词，由all可知，空处名词需用复数。故填standards。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：实践十九号卫星重约3500公斤，可根据不同任务需求进行不同配置。本句已有谓语动词has，且空处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词；动词weigh与主语satellite之间是主动关系，所以空处需用现在分词weighing作后置定语。故填weighing。 5．考查固定短语。句意：长期配置则能够在轨道上停留更长时间，以支持长期实验。be capable of为固定短语，意为“能够”。故填of。 6．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：凭借高微重力水平和高效性能，实践十九号卫星通常作为空间科学研究的关键工具。由空后typically可知，空处谓语动词需用一般现在时，主语是专有名词Shijian-19，所以空处谓语动词需用单数。故填serves。 7．考查形容词。句意：它支持微重力科学和空间生命科学等领域的研究，提供及时且可靠的结果。空处需用形容词作定语修饰名词results，rely的形容词为reliable“可靠的”。故填reliable。 8．考查动词不定式。句意：此外，研究人员利用该卫星进行太空育种实验、测试新技术并推进空间科学实验。use sth. to do sth.为固定短语，意为“使用某物做某事”，所以空处需用动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填to conduct。 9．考查时态。句意：实践十九号卫星还搭载了多个国际合作有效载荷，提升了中国在全球太空探索中的作用。由前文谓语动词used可知，空处谓语动词需用一般过去时，表示过去发生的动作。故填carried。 10．考查定语从句。句意：实践十九号卫星的任务是中国更广泛太空计划的一部分，该计划包括深空探测的宏伟计划、天宫空间站的一系列实验，以及可重复使用航天技术的进步。空处需用关系词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是space program，指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以空处需用关系代词which引导定语从句。故填which。 10（2024·四川德阳·模拟预测）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 China ramps up space ambitions with record launch schedule China has ambitious plans for its space industry in 2024, with 1 (approximate) 100 launch missions scheduled, according to the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corp (CASC), the nation’s leading space contractor. The announcement of this record-high number of launch plans 2 (make) during a news conference in Beijing on Monday. CASC will be responsible for nearly 70% of the planned missions, 3 (arrange) over 20 spacecrafts into orbit, said Ma Tao, deputy head of the company’s space program planning department. Notable spaceflights for the year include two 4 (crew) journeys and two unmanned missions to the Tiangong space station. Experts highlight that 5 (significant) mission in 2024 will be Chang’e 6, tasked with bringing back 6 first-ever samples from the little-known far side of the moon. The majority of planned 7 (launch) will be conducted by CASC’s Long March rocket family, with additional ones by the company’s secondary rocket series named Smart Dragon, China Aerospace Science and Industry Corp’s Kuaizhou fleet, and several models from private companies. In 2023, China was the second-ranking country in terms of launch numbers, having carried 8 67 rocket launching missions, with 47 conducted by the Long March rocket family, all of 9 were successful. The company laid 10 (emphasize) on its contionuous efforts in the research, development and construction of over 200 spacecrafts to be launched in the coming years. 【答案】 1．approximately 2．was made 3．arranging 4．crewed 5．the most significant 6．the 7．launches 8．out 9．which 10．emphasis 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。短文介绍了中国以创纪录的发射计划提升太空探索的雄心。 1．考查副词。句意：据中国领先的航天承包商中国航天科技集团公司(CASC)称，中国对2024年的航天工业有雄心勃勃的计划，计划进行大约100次发射任务。副词approximately作状语。故填approximately。 2．考查时态语态。句意：这一创纪录数量的发射计划是周一在北京的新闻发布会上宣布的。根据“on Monday”可知，本句为一般过去时，主语The announcement为单数，与谓语make为被动关系。故填was made。 3．考查非谓语。句意：中国航天科技集团公司航天工程规划部副部长马涛表示，该公司将负责近70%的计划任务，安排20多艘航天器进入轨道。空处为非谓语动词，CASC与arrange为主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填arranging。 4．考查形容词。句意：今年值得注意的太空飞行包括两次载人旅行和两次前往天宫空间站的无人飞行任务。形容词crewed“载人的”作定语修饰名词journeys。故填crewed。 5．考查最高级。句意：专家强调，2024年最重要的任务将是嫦娥6号，它的任务是从鲜为人知的月球背面带回第一批样本。根据句意，表示最重要的，用最高级the most significant。故填the most significant。 6．考查冠词。句意：专家强调，2024年最重要的任务将是嫦娥6号，它的任务是从鲜为人知的月球背面带回第一批样本。表示“第一批”，序数词前的冠词为the。故填the。 7．考查名词。句意：大多数计划发射将由中国航天科技集团公司的长征系列火箭进行，其他发射将由该公司的二级火箭系列“智能龙”、中国航天科工集团的“快舟”火箭以及一些私营公司的型号进行。launch为可数名词，所以The majority of在本句中后接名词复数。故填launches。 8．考查介词。句意：2023年，中国完成67次火箭发射任务，其中长征系列火箭发射47次，全部成功，发射次数居世界第二。carry out “实施”为固定短语，符合句意。故填out。 9．考查定语从句。句意：2023年，中国完成67次火箭发射任务，其中长征系列火箭发射47次，全部成功，发射次数居世界第二。先行词为67 rocket launching missions，作of的宾语，关系代词为which。故填which。 10．考查名词。句意：该公司强调其在未来几年将发射的200多艘航天器的研究、开发和建造方面的持续努力。lay emphasis on“强调”为固定短语。故填emphasis。 11（2025·湖北黄石·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China’s moon-landing spacesuit witnesses China’s commitment to innovation and precision engineering. Designed to tolerate the extreme lunar environment 1 severe temperatures, lack of the atmosphere and lasting radiation 2 (expose) bring significant challenges, the suit features multiple layers. The inner layer provides comfort to keep taikonauts (航天员) cool and dry, one of the middle layers maintains atmospheric pressure essential for survival, and the outer layer, made of strong and heat-resistant materials, 3 (safeguard) taikonauts from the tough lunar conditions. The suit is equipped with 4 (remark) features, one of which is its mobility. 5 the multiple layers and many protective elements, the suit remains flexible. The suit’s gloves, for example, are specially designed to allow for fine motor skills, making it easier for the taikonaut 6 (handle) tools and equipment. The suit marks 7 major breakthrough in space technology. It employs cutting-edge materials that 8 (perfect) since their development, including the use of smart materials that adapt to changing conditions for enhanced protection and comfort. The suit is also packed with high-tech communication and navigation systems, and a range of sensors and 9 (monitor) devices that provide real-time updates on the taikonaut’s health. As China continues to extend 10 (boundary) of space exploration, its moon-landing spacesuit will play an important role in the nation’s pursuit of knowledge and discovery. 【答案】 1．where 2．exposure 3．safeguards 4．remarkable 5．Despite 6．to handle 7．a 8．have been perfected 9．monitoring 10．boundaries 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国登月宇航服的特点、技术突破及其在太空探索中的重要作用。 1．考查定语从句。句意：这款航天服旨在耐受极端的月球环境，在这种环境中，严峻的温度、缺乏大气层和持续的辐射暴露带来了重大挑战，它具有多层结构。本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是the extreme lunar environment，指物，关系词代替先行词从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 2．考查名词。句意同上。lasting radiation (expose)和名词短语severe temperatures和lack of the atmosphere并列一起作定语从句主语，用名词exposure“暴露”，故填exposure。 3．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：内层提供舒适感，使航天员保持凉爽干燥；中间层之一维持生存所需的大气压力；外层则由坚固耐热的材料制成，保护航天员免受恶劣的月球环境影响。本空为and后句子的谓语，根据前文谓语provides和maintains可知，此处描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，主语the outer layer为第三人称单数，谓语用safeguard“保护”的第三人称单数。故填safeguards。 4．考查形容词。句意：这款宇航服配备了显著的特点，其中之一就是它的机动性。此处作定语，修饰名词features，需用形容词remarkable“显著的”，故填remarkable。 5．考查介词。句意：尽管有多层和许多保护元素，但这款宇航服仍然保持灵活。此处表示“尽管”，用介词despite“尽管”，句首单词，首字母大写。故填Despite。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，宇航服的手套经过特殊设计，可以允许进行精细的机械操作，使航天员更容易处理工具和设备。本句谓语为are designed，此处需用非谓语动词，“make it + adj + for sb. to do sth.”结构中，it为形式宾语，本空用handle“操纵”的不定式，作真正的宾语，故填to handle。 7．考查冠词。句意：这款宇航服标志着太空技术的一个重大突破。此处表示泛指“一个重大突破”，且major为辅音音素开头的单词，本空用不定冠词a。故填a。 8．考查动词时态和语态。句意：它采用了自开发以来不断完善的最先进材料，包括使用智能材料来适应不断变化的环境，以增强保护和舒适度。本空为that引导的限制性定语从句的谓语，根据时间状语since their development可知，从句时态需用现在完成时，且从句主语that指代先行词materials与谓语动词perfect“完善”之间为被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为复数，助动词用have。故填have been perfected。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：这款宇航服还配备了高科技通信和导航系统，以及一系列传感器和监测设备，可以实时更新航天员的健康状况。本句谓语为is packed with，此处需用非谓语动词，逻辑主语devices与monitor“监测”为主动关系（设备执行监控功能），应用现在分词形式 monitoring，作定语。故填monitoring。 10．考查名词。句意：随着中国不断拓展太空探索的边界，其登月宇航服将在国家追求知识和发现的过程中发挥重要作用。此处作extend的宾语，需用名词boundary“边界”，且此处表示多个边界，故用复数形式，故填boundaries。 12（2025·山东青岛·三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 French scientists at the Institute de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP) are conducting testing on Chang’e-5 lunar samples, aiming to better understand the moon’s early origins and its 1 (form). As part of its April 24 announcement, the China National Space Administration allowed scientists from France, Germany and the US 2 (borrow) Chang’e-5 lunar samples, further expanding global access to lunar research materials. Frederic Moynier, a professor at IPGP, 3 (transport) the Chang’e-5 lunar samples from China to his lab in Paris. He emphasized 4 rarity of the samples collected from a northern region of the moon’s near side 5 had never been sampled before. According to Moynier, these samples show that volcanic activity on the moon existed longer than 6 (previous) thought. Using isotopic (同位素) analysis, he’s identifying origins of various elements 7 (contain) in the lunar soil. His goal is to compare these findings with other missions’ samples to fill gaps 8 the understanding of the moon’s history. Long Zhengyu, a Chinese PhD student at IPGP, pointed out that foreign 9 (laboratory) can provide analysis and testing conditions for the Chang’e-5 lunar samples from China. The project is more than just a scientific effort; it also 10 (serve) as a powerful example of global collaboration and knowledge-sharing. 【答案】 1．formation 2．to borrow 3．transported 4．the 5．that/which 6．previously 7．contained 8．in 9．laboratories 10．serves 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要说明了中法科学家研究嫦娥五号月球样本，发现月球火山活动持续时间比此前认为的长，该项目是全球合作与知识共享的范例。 1．考查名词。句意：巴黎地球物理研究所（IPGP）的法国科学家们正在对嫦娥五号带回的月球样本进行测试，旨在更深入地了解月球的早期起源及其形成过程。作动词的宾语，用名词formation，不可数。故填formation。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：在 4 月 24 日的公告中，中国国家航天局允许来自法国、德国和美国的科学家借用嫦娥五号月球样本，这进一步扩大了全球对月球研究材料的获取权限。短语allow sb. to do sth.表示“允许某人做某事”。故填to borrow。 3．考查时态。句意：法国国家科学院地球物理研究所的弗雷德里克·莫伊尼尔教授将嫦娥五号带回的月球样本从中国运到了他在巴黎的实验室。发生在过去用一般过去时。故填transported。 4．考查冠词。句意：他强调，从月球近侧北部地区采集到的这些样本极为罕见，因为此前从未有过此类样本的采集记录。此处特指从月球近侧北部地区采集到的这些样本的罕见性，用定冠词the。故填the。 5．考查定语从句。句意：他强调，从月球近侧北部地区采集到的这些样本极为罕见，因为此前从未有过此类样本的采集记录。定语从句修饰先行词a northern region of the moon’s near side，在从句作主语，指物。故填that/which。 6．考查副词。句意：莫伊尼尔表示，这些样本表明月球上的火山活动持续的时间比之前所认为的要长。修饰动词thought用副词previously。故填previously。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：通过同位素分析，他正在确定月球土壤中各种元素的来源。此处为非谓语动词作定语，contain与逻辑主语elements构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填contained。 8．考查介词。句意：他的目标是将这些发现与其他任务所获取的样本进行对比，以填补对月球历史认知上的空白。短语fill gaps in表示“填补空缺”。故填in。 9．考查名词的数。句意：龙政宇是法国国家空间研究中心的一名中国博士生，他指出，外国实验室能够为来自中国的嫦娥五号月球样本提供分析和测试条件。laboratory为可数名词单数，空前无限定词，所以此处数量大于一用复数形式。故填laboratories。 10．考查时态。句意：该项目不仅仅是一项科学活动；它还成为了全球合作与知识共享的有力典范。根据上文is可知为一般现在时，主语为it，谓语用三单形式。故填serves。 13（2025·湖北黄冈·三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 With the assistance of the Queqiao 2 relay satellite, China’s Chang’e 6 1 (land) craft softly settled on the lunar surface at 6:23 am in a designated site inside the South Pole - Aitken Basin, the largest, oldest and deepest basin 2 (recognize) on the moon. The event marked the arrival of China’s and also the world’s second-ever spacecraft on the far side, which 3 (believe) by scientists to hold clues to many mysteries surrounding the moon and the solar system. In the next two days, the Chinese craft is set to use a 4 (robot) arm and a drill to collect surface and underground substances and then put them into 5 sealed container before elevating the precious materials into lunar orbit for a return journey. And the new samples will probably offer researchers around the globe useful keys to solving their questions about the moon and will likely bring a diversity of invaluable science 6 (payoff). 7 the last moment of the challenging operation, when the craft was several meters above the lunar surface, its main engine stopped, the craft activated a buffer system 8 it touched down smoothly on the lunar surface, becoming the second spacecraft 9 (arrive) on the lunar far side after China’s Chang’e 4, 10 achieved this action in January 2019. 【答案】 1．landing 2．recognized 3．is believed 4．robotic 5．a 6．payoffs 7．At 8．and 9．to arrive 10．which 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍了中国嫦娥六号着陆器在鹊桥二号中继卫星的协助下，成功在月球南极-艾特肯盆地指定区域软着陆的情况，以及后续任务和此次任务的重要意义。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：在中国鹊桥二号中继卫星的协助下，嫦娥六号登陆艇于上午6时23分在月球南极-艾特肯盆地内的指定地点轻柔地降落在月球表面，该盆地是月球上已知最大、最古老、最深的盆地。此处为非谓语动词作定语修饰名词craft，此处介绍的是名词的功能，所以用动名词landing，landing craft表示“登陆艇”为固定短语。故填landing。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。此处为非谓语动词作定语修饰basin，basin与recognize之间为被动关系，用过去分词recognized作后置定语。故填recognized。 3．考查动词时态和语态。句意：这一事件标志着中国也是世界上第二个航天器到达月球背面，科学家们认为月球背面可能藏有许多关于月球和太阳系奥秘的线索。此处为定语从句中的谓语动词，主语which（指代the far side）与believe为被动关系，且陈述客观事实，用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为单数。故填is believed。 4．考查形容词。句意：在接下来的两天里，这艘中国航天器将使用机械臂和钻头收集月球表面及地下物质，然后将其放入密封容器中，随后把这些珍贵物质提升至月球轨道，为返程做准备。修饰名词arm用形容词，robot的形容词为robotic意为“机器人的；机械的”符合句意。故填robotic。 5．考查冠词。句意：同上。container为单数可数名词，空前无限定词，所以使用冠词，结合句意，此处泛指“一个密封容器”，且sealed以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故填a。 6．考查名词复数。句意：新样本可能为全球研究人员提供解决月球问题的有用线索，并可能带来多种宝贵的科学成果。payoff意为“成果”时为可数名词，a diversity of后接可数名词复数。故填payoffs。 7．考查介词。句意：在这次具有挑战性的任务的最后时刻，当探测器距离月球表面还有数米时，其主发动机停止工作，在探测器平稳着陆月球表面的过程中，激活了缓冲系统。该探测器成为继中国嫦娥四号于2019 年1月实现这一壮举后，第二艘抵达月球背面的航天器。固定搭配“at the last moment”意为“在最后时刻”符合句意，所以此处使用介词at，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填At。 8．考查连词。句意：同上。分析句子结构，“its main engine stopped”、“the craft activated a buffer system”以及空后的“it touched down smoothly”为顺承关系，用连词and连接三个并列动作，在最后一个前面使用连词and。故填and。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。此处为非谓语动词，名词spacecraft前有序数词second修饰，后接不定式作后置定语。故填to arrive。 10．考查定语从句。句意：同上。此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为Chang’e 4，指物，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。 14（24-25高三上·云南·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The first-ever samples retrieved from the moon’s far side, 1 iconic feat achieved by China’s Chang’e 6 robotic mission, went 2 display at the 75th International Astronautical Congress (IAC). The IAC, 3 (hold) annually since 1950, is the largest global event in the aerospace sector. This year’s congress, themed “Responsible Space for Sustainability”, focuses on promoting the sustainable development of space technologies globally, 4 (ensure) that future space exploration and utilization strike a balance between scientific advancement and environmental protection. This is the first time that the 5 (scientific) valuable lunar substances have been shown outside China since they 6 (bring) back to Earth in June. “The samples, the first materials recovered from the lunar far side, have unique scientific value and will 7 (far) expand humans’ knowledge about the moon’s history 8 help to gear up (准备好) the exploration and 9 (exploit) of lunar resources.” the administration said, noting they are “ 10 (share) treasure” of humanity. The samples attracted many participants to the international conference, including heads of national space agencies and industry representatives. 【答案】 1．an 2．on 3．held 4．ensuring 5．scientifically 6．were brought 7．further 8．and 9．exploitation 10．shared 【导语】这是一篇说明文，介绍了中国嫦娥六号机器人任务从月球背面取回的首批样本在第 75 届国际宇航大会上展出的相关情况以及这些样本的重要意义。 1．考查冠词。句意：中国嫦娥六号机器人任务取得的一项标志性壮举——从月球背面取回的首批样本，在第75届国际宇航大会上展出。此处feat是可数名词，表泛指 “一项标志性壮举”，应用不定冠词修饰，且iconic以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an，故填an。 2．考查介词。句意：中国嫦娥六号机器人任务取得的一项标志性壮举——从月球背面取回的首批样本，在第75届国际宇航大会上展出。“on display”是固定短语，意为“在展出”，故填on。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：自1950年以来每年举办的国际宇航大会是航空航天领域最大的全球性活动。句子谓语动词为is，此处是非谓语动词作后置定语，hold与The IAC之间是被动关系，且表示完成，所以用过去分词形式，故填held。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：今年大会的主题是“可持续发展的责任空间”，重点是促进全球空间技术的可持续发展，确保未来的太空探索和利用在科学进步与环境保护之间取得平衡。句子谓语动词为focuses，空处应填入现在分词作状语，表示伴随主句动作发生的情况，强调的是持续的状态或结果，故填ensuring。 5．考查副词。句意：这是自6月这些具有科学价值的月球物质被带回地球以来，它们首次在中国境外展出。此处修饰形容词valuable要用副词形式，故填scientifically。 6．考查时态和语态。句意：这是自6月这些具有科学价值的月球物质被带回地球以来，它们首次在中国境外展出。since 引导的时间状语从句常用一般过去时，表示动作发生在过去，且主语they(指代lunar substances)与 bring之间是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，故填were brought。 7．考查副词比较级。句意：“这些样本是首次从月球背面取回的材料，具有独特的科学价值，将进一步扩展人类对月球历史的认识，并有助于加快月球资源的探索和开发。”该机构表示，并指出这些样本是“全人类的共同财富”。此处修饰动词expand要用副词，且根据语境表示“进一步”，用far的比较级形式further，故填further。 8．考查连词。句意：“这些样本是首次从月球背面取回的材料，具有独特的科学价值，将进一步扩展人类对月球历史的认识，并有助于加快月球资源的探索和开发。”该机构表示，并指出这些样本是“全人类的共同财富”。此处“expand humans’ knowledge about the moon’ s history”与“help to gear up (准备好) the exploration”是并列关系，应用and连接，故填and。 9．考查名词。句意：“这些样本是首次从月球背面取回的材料，具有独特的科学价值，将进一步扩展人类对月球历史的认识，并有助于加快月球资源的探索和开发。”该机构表示，并指出这些样本是“全人类的共同财富”。空白处在句子中作宾语，要用名词形式exploitation“开发”与空前exploration并列，故填exploitation。 10．考查形容词。句意：“这些样本是首次从月球背面取回的材料，具有独特的科学价值，将进一步扩展人类对月球历史的认识，并有助于加快月球资源的探索和开发。”该机构表示，并指出这些样本是“全人类的共同财富”。此处修饰名词treasure要用形容词作shared定语，表示“共享的”或“共有的”，故填shared。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $