专题06 名词性从句（知识梳理+高频考点精讲+进阶分级练）（讲义，浙江专用）英语学业水平考试合格考总复习

专题06 名词性从句 目录 学考要求速览 必备知识梳理 高频考点精讲 主语从句、宾语从句 表语从句、同位语从句 进阶分级练 核心知识掌握要求：高考明确要求考生系统掌握名词性从句的四类基本类型及用法 —— 主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句需熟练运用，同位语从句需理解基本规则。核心考点聚焦连接词的辨析与运用，包括 that（无意义不充当成分）、what（表 “…… 的” 且作成分）、whether/if（表 “是否”）及 wh - 系列连接词（who/why/how 等）的区别，同时需掌握句子语序、否定前移、时态呼应等规则，以及名词性从句与定语从句、状语从句的界限划分。例如 that 在主语从句、表语从句中不可省略，而宾语从句中可省略；what 在从句中必作主语、宾语等成分，这是高频考查的易混点。 命题形式与考查侧重：考查主要分布在语法填空、短文改错两大题型，写作中也常需运用以提升表达准确性。从命题规律看，宾语从句考查频率最高（10 年 17 考），其次是表语从句、主语从句，同位语从句考查相对较少，但均以连接词选择为核心设问方向。近五年真题显示，what 的用法考查最频繁（5 年 5 考），who、how、why 等连接词的考查累计达 7 次，且命题均融入具体语境，要求结合上下文判断从句类型与逻辑关系，而非单纯考查语法结构。 语境运用与细节规范：高考强调名词性从句在语境中的实际运用能力，如语法填空中需根据从句成分缺失情况选择连接词（缺主语用 what，缺状语用 how），短文改错中常涉及 that 多余、whether 与 if 误用等问题。同时注重固定句型与细节规范，如主语从句常用 it 作形式主语的句型（It is obvious that...）、表语从句的固定结构（The reason is that...），以及宾语从句的时态呼应原则（主句为过去时，从句用相应过去时态，客观真理除外）。这些要求既考查基础语法知识，更侧重考生在语篇中准确运用从句的综合能力。 名词性从句是高考英语语法的核心考点之一，它在句子中充当名词的角色，可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句四大类。掌握其引导词用法、语序规则及特殊考点，是应对高考语法填空、单项选择和写作题的关键。 一、名词性从句的核心规则 1.语序要求 所有名词性从句均需用陈述语序（主语 + 谓语），即使从句表达疑问含义，也不能用疑问语序。 错误：Do you know what is his name? 正确：Do you know what his name is?（你知道他的名字是什么吗？） 2.引导词分类 连接代词：what, which, who, whom, whose（在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分）； 连接副词：when, where, why, how（在从句中充当状语）； 从属连词：that, if, whether（在从句中不充当成分，仅起连接作用；if/whether 表 “是否”，that 无实际含义）。 二、名词性从句的用法 （一）主语从句：在句中充当主语 主语从句可位于句首，也可借助 “it” 作形式主语，将真正主语从句后置（避免句子头重脚轻）。 引导词类型 用法说明 例句 that 无实际含义，不充当成分，从句语义完整时用。 That he will come to the party is certain.（他会来参加派对，这是确定的。）It is certain that he will come to the party.（形式主语结构，译文同上） what 表 “…… 的事物 / 内容”，在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语。 What she said moved everyone present.（她说的话打动了在场的每个人。）It is important to remember what your parents told you.（记住父母告诉你的话很重要。） whether 表 “是否”，从句语义不完整，需明确 “是或否”，不可用 if（if 不能引导句首主语从句）。 Whether we will go hiking depends on the weather.（我们是否去徒步取决于天气。） 连接副词 when/where/why/how 表 “时间 / 地点 / 原因 / 方式”，在从句中作状语。 When the meeting will start has not been decided yet.（会议什么时候开始还没决定。）How we can solve this problem is a big challenge.（我们如何解决这个问题是个大难题。） （二）宾语从句：在句中充当宾语（常跟在动词、介词后） 1.动词后的宾语从句：常见动词有 say, think, believe, know, wonder, decide 等。 例句 1：She told me that she would study abroad next year.（她告诉我她明年要出国留学。）（that 可省略） 例句 2：I wonder if/whether he will call me tonight.（我想知道他今晚是否会给我打电话。）（表 “是否” 可用 if/whether，无区别） 例句 3：He doesn’t know what he should do next.（他不知道接下来该做什么。）（what 在从句中作宾语） 2.介词后的宾语从句：常见介词有 about, of, on, in 等，此时不可用 if，需用 whether；that 不可省略。 例句 1：We are talking about whether we should change our plan.（我们正在讨论是否应该改变计划。）（不可用 if） 例句 2：I have no idea of what he is doing now.（我不知道他现在在做什么。） 例句 3：She is confident in that she can pass the exam.（她有信心能通过考试。）（that 不可省略） （三）表语从句：在句中充当表语 表语从句跟在系动词后（常见系动词：be, look, seem, become, turn 等），表语从句的引导词用法与主语从句基本一致，需注意两点：① 表 “是否” 时用 whether，不用 if；② 常用固定句型 “this is why…（这就是…… 的原因）”“the reason is that…（原因是……）”。 引导词 例句 that The fact is that he has never been to Beijing.（事实是他从未去过北京。）（that 不可省略） whether The question is whether we can finish the work on time.（问题是我们能否按时完成工作。）（不用 if） what My dream is what I can become a doctor in the future.（我的梦想是未来能成为一名医生。） 连接副词 This is where we met for the first time.（这就是我们第一次见面的地方。）The reason why he was late is that he missed the early bus.（他迟到的原因是没赶上早班车。）（固定句型，reason 后表语从句用 that，不用 because） （四）同位语从句：在名词后作同位语，解释说明该名词的具体内容（常见名词：fact, news, idea, plan, suggestion, truth, doubt 等） 引导词特点：① 常用 that 引导，that 无实际含义，不充当成分，不可省略；② 表 “是否” 时用 whether，不用 if；③ 连接副词 when/where/why 可引导，需结合名词含义选择（如 news 后可用 when/where，doubt 后可用 whether）。 例句： The news that our team won the game made everyone excited.（我们队赢了比赛的消息让所有人都很兴奋。）（that 解释 news 的内容，不可省略） I have a doubt whether he will keep his promise.（我怀疑他是否会遵守承诺。）（doubt 后用 whether，表 “不确定”） He put forward a suggestion that we should hold a charity sale.（他提出了一个建议：我们应该举办一场义卖。）（that 解释 suggestion 的内容） Do you remember the day when we visited the museum together?（你还记得我们一起参观博物馆的那一天吗？）（when 引导同位语从句，解释 day 的具体时间） 三、高频易错点总结 1.that 与 what 的区别：that 不充当成分，无含义；what 充当成分（主语 / 宾语 / 表语），表 “…… 的事物”。 错误：He told me that he needed.（that 不充当成分，从句缺宾语） 正确：He told me what he needed.（what 在从句中作宾语，表 “他需要的东西”） 2.if 与 whether 的区别：引导宾语从句表 “是否” 时可互换，但以下情况只能用 whether：① 引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句；② 从句后有 or not；③ 从句作介词宾语。 正确：Whether he will come or not is unknown.（主语从句，用 whether） 正确：I’m not sure if/whether he will come.（宾语从句，可互换） 3.reason 后表语从句的引导词：reason 作主语时，表语从句用 that 引导，不用 because（because 引导原因状语从句，不引导表语从句）。 错误：The reason for his absence is because he was ill. 正确：The reason for his absence is that he was ill.（他缺席的原因是他生病了。） 考点精讲讲练 1．The possibility _____ the majority of the labour force will work at home is often discussed. A．which B．as C．that D．what 【答案】C 【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：大多数劳动力将在家工作的可能性经常被讨论。空处引导同位语从句，解释说明possibility的具体内容，在从句中不做成分，仅起连接作用，应用连接词that。故选C。 2．Air pollution is ________ most people in developing countries are concerned about nowadays, because their heath is being threatened. A．which B．how C．that D．what 【答案】D 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：空气污染是现在发展中国家大多数人关心的问题，因为他们的健康受到威胁。空处引导名词性从句作表语，表语从句about后缺少宾语，结合“Air pollution”可知，宾语指物，应用连接代词what作引导词。故选D。 3．The headmaster made it clear ________ the school would not tolerate any form of cheating. A．what B．whether C．that D．how 【答案】C 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：校长明确表示，学校不会容忍任何形式的作弊行为。该句为固定句型“make it +宾语补足语+ 宾语从句”，其中“it”是形式宾语，代替后面真正的宾语从句，从句内部主谓宾结构完整，不缺少核心成分，也无需表达疑问或指代意义，因此需用无实义、仅起连接作用的连接词that引导。故选C项。 1．________ made him feel satisfied was ________ his students were able to read, speak and write in English. A．That; what B．That; that C．What; what D．What; that 【答案】D 【解析】考查主语从句和表语从句。句意：让他感到满意的是他的学生们能够用英语读、说和写。“________ made him feel satisfied”是主语从句，从句中缺少主语，应用what引导主语从句，在从句中作主语；“________ his students were able to read, speak and write in English”是表语从句，从句中不缺少成分，且意义完整，应用that引导表语从句。故选D。 2．________ surprised us was the student’s decision to donate all prize money to a local charity. A．It B．That C．What D．Which 【答案】C 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：令我们惊讶的是这个学生决定把所有奖金都捐给当地的一家慈善机构。“________ surprised us”是主语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“令我们惊讶的事情”，应用连接代词what引导从句。故选C项。 3．Tony discovered a sense of purpose, ________ helping others gave his life new meaning. A．where B．which C．why D．that 【答案】D 【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：托尼发现了一种使命感，即帮助他人给他的生活带来了新的意义。空处引导同位语从句，用来解释说明a snese of purpose，且从句句意完整不缺少任何成分，应用that引导同位语从句，故选D。 4．The question our small town will host a famous singer’s free concert next month has been on everyone’s lips. A．if B．whether C．what D．which 【答案】B 【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：大家都在谈论我们小镇下个月是否会举办著名歌手的免费演唱会。______our small town will host a famous singer’s free concert next month 是同位语从句，从句不缺少任何成分，缺少“是否”之意，应用whether引导，if虽有“是否”之意，但是不能引导同位语从句，故选B。 5．When talking about her English learning experience, Mary said, “Practicing every day is __________ my teacher has told me — it’s the key to improving language skills.” A．how B．which C．what D．when 【答案】C 【解析】考查表语从句。 句意：当谈到她的英语学习经历时，玛丽说：“每天练习是我的老师告诉我的——这是提高语言技能的关键。” 空处引导表语从句，且在从句中作told的直接宾语，指“告诉的内容”，需用连接代词what。故填C。 6．The reason ________ he provided for his absence was ________ he had been grappling with a sudden illness. A．why; that B．that; because C．which; that D．why; because 【答案】C 【解析】考查定语从句和表语从句。句意：他提出缺席的理由是他一直在与一场突如其来的疾病作斗争。第一空引导定语从句，代替先行词reason在从句中作provide的宾语，应用关系代词which/that作引导词；第二空引导表语从句，从句成份和意义都完整，应用连接词that作引导词。故选C。 7．When we fight for our goals, we will be devoted to ________ we are doing and try to improve ourselves. A．Whom B．that C．what D．when 【答案】C 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：当我们为我们的目标而奋斗时，我们会专注于我们正在做的事情并努力提高自己。“________ we are doing”是宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，表示“……的事情”，应用连接代词what引导从句。故选C项。 8．Knowing your weakness lies is one of the first and most challenging steps in learning to manage yourself. A．that B．what C．how D．where 【答案】D 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：知道你的弱点在哪里是学习自我管理的第一步也是最具挑战性的步骤之一。“your weakness lies”是宾语从句，表示“你的弱点在哪里”，用连接副词where引导宾语从句，在从句中作地点状语。故选D项。 9．______ surprised everyone was that the runner ______a small rock just before crossing the finish line. A．What; tripped over B．That; fell down C．It; got through D．How; walked into 【答案】A 【解析】考查名词性从句和动词短语辨析。句意：令每个人惊讶的是，那位赛跑者在即将冲过终点线时被一块小石头绊倒了。分析句子结构并结合语意可知，第一空，“______ surprised everyone”为主语从句，且从句中缺少主语，表示“所……的事情”，应用连词代词what引导，指代“令人惊讶的事情”，而that在主语从句中不充当成分，只起连接作用；it不能引导主语从句；how在从句中作状语，均不符合语法。第二空，tripped over意为“被……绊倒”，符合“跑步者在冲过终点线前被一块小石头绊倒”的语义。fell down意为“摔倒”，后面不接宾语；got through意为“通过，接通”；walked into意为“走进，撞上”，均不符合语意。故选A项。 训练 一、单项选择 1．Not until he had accomplished the ambitious project ________ fully comprehend ________ important team efforts were. A．did he; how B．he did; what C．does he; what D．he does; how 2．_____ breaks the laws must be punished. A．Whatever B．No matter what C．Whoever D．No matter who 3．— To create new things, we need both new ideas and the wish to make them real. — Exactly! ______ really matters is our powerful desire to think and create — this is where true invention begins. A．That B．Which C．How D．What 4．However, _______ remains important is _______ we have an incredible desire to think and create, and that’s the real spirit of invention. A．which, that B．what, that C．which, whether D．what, if 5．______ impressed me most about the documentary was ______ the scientist persevered through countless failures to finally achieve her breakthrough. A．What; where B．It; that C．What; how D．Which; when 6．________ wasn’t known to Jimmy was ________ the robot dog was just adjusted to act as if it loved him. A．It; that B．What; what C．What; that D．As; which 7．The fact has worried many scientists ________ the earth is becoming increasingly warmer these years. A．why B．how C．that D．when 8．The news ______ a bridge over the road right in front of our school will be built next year excites us greatly. A．which B．that C．what D．whether 9．However, Tu Youyou had an idea Chinese herbs might hold the secret. A．that B．which C．what D．whether 10．Let’s discuss the problem ________ we can save more time and money. A．that B．what C．which D．how 11．There is some doubt ______ he will come. A．that B．whether C．who D．what 12．Word came ________ free souvenirs would be given to ________ comes first. A．that; whomever B．when; whoever C．that; whoever D．that; no matter who 13．We have ________ doubt ________ China has presented to the world a successful and powerful country. A．some; that B．no; that C．any; whether D．no; whether 14．________he couldn’t understand was ________ fewer and fewer young people showed interest in traditional folk art. A．It; that B．It; what C．What; that D．What; it 15．Some people say ability is _____ any other personal quality when it comes to success. That’s _____ I disagree about. I think character counts too. A．inferior to; where B．junior to; what C．superior to; what D．senior to; where 16．Some people whose intention is to make big money appreciate being given any chance to multiply their income, believing this is ___________ their happiness lies. A．what B．where C．when D．how 17．— I think online learning is just as effective as traditional classroom teaching. — That’s ______ I don’t agree. Face-to-face interaction is crucial for real understanding. A．where B．how C．when D．what 18．Is the hotel offered you a job you stayed the first time you arrived here? A．the one; where B．that; where C．where; that D．that one that; where 19．It seems ________ science is all around us. A．which B．as if C．what D．whether 20．The biggest reason why he loves China is ________ he enjoys being with Chinese people. A．what B．why C．because D．that 21．— Linda, do you know for the school trip this term? — Yes. We are going to the Capital Museum. A．where we are going B．where we went C．where are we going D．where did we go 22．— David, what’s the meaning of “A promise is a promise”? — It tells us . A．what promise we must keep B．when do we make a promise C．why should we make a promise D．how important keeping a promise is 23．Could you please tell me ______ ? I didn’t hear it clearly. A．what did Peter say B．what Peter says C．what Peter said D．what does Peter say 24．—Next Sunday is my grandmother’s birthday. I’m thinking about ________. —Good boy! And please give my best wishes to her. A．what present I gave her B．how I can give her a surprise C．if I had a party for her D．where will my family have a big meal 25．— __________ designs have won praise for the new town? — Mr. Li’s. A．Who B．What C．Which D．Whose 26．It is a fact ________ the ancient city was once a thriving centre of trade. A．that B．what C．which D．how 27．I have no idea ________ the project will be completed. A．that B．what C．when D．whose 28．The veteran shared with us ________ he had witnessed on the battlefield and the important lessons ________ had shaped his life ever since. A．what, that B．that, what C．what, what D．which, that 29．The algorithm ranks ________ human intuition once considered priceless beyond measure, yet it also learns to question whether its own metrics still echo the heartbeat of what we truly value. A．how B．where C．what D．how what 30．It remains to be seen ______ the newly formed committee’s policy can be ______. A．why; in its way B．whether; put into practice C．what; sentenced to death D．which; left an impression 31．The newcomer went to the library the other day and searched for ________ he could find about Mark Twain. A．whichever B．whatever C．however D．whoever 32．______ we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel. A．What B．Why C．Whether D．How 33．It is hoped _____ the new digitalized technologies will _____ the “rebirth” of the cultural relics, and bring them to more places worldwide. A．what; estimate B．that; boost C．how; react D．whether; appreciate 34．Asian elephants are among the most highly protected animals in China and _____ drove the elephants to make their long trip is still not completely certain. A．that B．which C．who D．what 35．People ____ worry about food are more likely to diet. This may be ____ they are worried about their weight, or about the impact certain nutrients have on their health. A．who; because B．who; why C．which; what D．which; how 二、语法填空 1 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 The first blockbuster (大片) of China set in space, “The Wandering Earth,” opens Tuesday during grand expectations 36 it will represent the dawning of a new era in Chinese filmmaking. “The Wandering Earth,” 37 (show) in 3-D, takes place in a distant future in which the sun is about to expand into a red giant and devour (吞噬) the Earth. It 38 (adapt) from works by Liu Cixin, the writer 39 has led a renaissance in science fiction here, 40 (become) the first Chinese winner of the Hugo Award in 2015. His novels are splendid and 41 (deep) researched. That makes 42 (they) reasonable fantasies about humanity’s meeting with a dangerous universe. The openings also come as China reached a milestone in space: the landing of a probe on 43 far side of the moon in January. Although decades behind Russia and the United States, China has now put astronauts 44 orbit and has ambitious plans to join—or even lead—a new age of space exploration. “I think there is a very close 45 (connect) between Chinese cinema and the nation’s fortunes,” said Sha Dan, a curator at the China Film Archive. 2 阅读下面短文，根据意思或所给的词，完成空格填空，使短文通顺 It was getting dark when I got home. It was cold and I 46 (wear) a coat. I walked up to the door and put my hand into my pocket 47 (take) out my key 48 I couldn’t find it. I suddenly remembered that I 49 (leave) it on my desk in the office. It really didn’t make any difference. I knew my wife 50 (be) at home and the children must have come back from school by now, so I 51 (knock) at the door. There was no answer, so I knocked again. I continued knocking at the door for some time. I 52 (get) angry. Then I remembered something the office boy had told me at noon. He said that my wife 53 (phone) saying that she 54 (go) shopping in the afternoon with the children. There was only one thing for me to do: I had to clime in 55 a window. 3 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 During the 56 (twenty) century , the temperature of the earth 57 (rise) about one degree Fahrenheit. It is a rapid increase when compared 58 other natural changes . There is no doubt 59 the earth is becoming warmer. Scientists believe 60 is human activity that has caused this global warming. The increase in the earth's temperature is due to the 61 (burn) of fossil fuels. Some byproducts of this process 62 (call) “greenhouse” gases, the most important one of 63 is carbon dioxide. Without the “greenhouse effect”, the earth would be thirty-three degree Celsius 64 (cool) than it is. So, we need those gases. The problem begins when we add huge quantities of extra carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, causing the global temperature 65 (go) up. 4 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Through travelling you can enjoy beautiful views and 66 ( broad ) your horizons. In summer, you’d better get on a cruise in the city of Chongqing which will take you to the Three Gorges, for those Jiangyou ships are usually too 67 ( crowd ). Near Yunyang, at the steep edge of the hills 68 ( stand ) the famous Zhang Fei Temple 69 ( surround ) by trees. Because smoking 70 ( forbid ) in the cabins, you have to go to the deck to smoke, 71 you can enjoy the beautiful scenery. You can see some fishermen 72 the distance. First, you will go through the Qutang Gorge, which narrows to 350 feet. Then you will sail through Wu Gorge and Xiling Gorge. However, 73 impresses you most may be the Daning River in WuShang. There is immense 74 ( mountain ) land on both banks of Yangtze River with only small areas of flat 75 ( plain ). 参考答案 一、 1．A 【解析】考查部分倒装和宾语从句。句意：直到他完成了这个雄心勃勃的项目，他才完全理解团队努力的重要性。第一空：not until在句首时，主句需部分倒装，将助动词/情态动词/be置于主语之前，句子陈述过去的事情，根据实义动词comprehend可知，本句应把助动词did置于主语he之前；第二空引导宾语从句，从句为主系表结构，需要修饰important的副词，结合句意可知how“多么”符合题意，表程度。故选A。 2．C 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：无论谁违反法律都必须受到惩罚。空处引导主语从句，且空处在从句中作主语，表示“无论谁”，应用whoever引导该从句；whatever表示“无论什么”，不符合语境；no matter what和no matter who只能引导让步状语从句，不能引导名词性从句。故选C。 3．D 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：——要创造新事物，我们既需要新想法，也需要实现新想法的愿望。——没错！真正重要的是我们思考和创造的强烈愿望——这是真正的发明开始的地方。空处引导名词性从句作整个句子的主语，主语从句缺少主语，结合“our powerful desire”可知，主语指物，应用连接代词what作引导词。故选D。 4．B 【解析】考查主语从句和表语从句。句意：然而，重要的是，我们有一种难以置信的渴望去思考和创造，这才是真正的发明精神。第一空引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，指代事情，用连接代词what；第二空引导表语从句，从句成份和意义都完整，应用连接词that引导。故选B。 5．C 【解析】考查主语从句和表语从句。句意：这部纪录片最让我印象深刻的是这位科学家是如何在无数次失败中坚持不懈，最终取得突破的。“______ impressed me most about the documentary”是主语从句，且从句中缺少主语，指物，故第一空应用what引导该主语从句；“______ the scientist persevered through countless failures to finally achieve her breakthrough”是表语从句，从句缺少状语，结合句意可知，此处表示“这位科学家是如何在无数次失败中坚持不懈，最终取得突破的”，故第二空应用how引导该表语从句，表示方式。故选C。 6．C 【解析】考查主语从句以及表语从句。句意：吉米不知道的是，这只机器狗只是被调整得好像爱他一样。第一个空处引导主语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“……的事情”，所以用what引导该从句；第二个空处引导表语从句，从句中不缺成分，句意完整，所以用that引导该从句。故选C。 7．C 【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：近年来地球正变得越来越暖这一事实令许多科学家感到担忧。分析句子可知，空处引导同为从句对名词fact进行解释说明；从句为完整的主系表结构，且句意完整，因此用连接词that引导从句。故选C。 8．B 【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：我们学校正前方的路上将在明年建一座桥的消息使我们非常兴奋。分析句子结构可知，本句为同位语从句，解释说明名词news的具体内容，从句不缺少成分且句意完整，所以用连接代词that引导。故选B。 9．A 【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：然而，屠呦呦认为，中药可能掌握着这个秘密。分析句子结构，名词idea后面的从句解释它的内容，是同位语从句，且从句句意完整，成分齐全，应用that，that只起到连接作用，无词义，不作成分。故选A。 10．D 【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：让我们讨论一下怎样才能节省更多的时间和金钱。名词problem后接同位语从句，从句缺少方式状语，所以用连接代词how引导。故选D。 11．B 【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：他是否会来还不一定。doubt后跟同位语从句，表示“是否”应用whether。故选B。 12．C 【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：有消息说，谁先到谁就有免费纪念品。空1为固定句型word came that...“消息传来说……”，其中that引导同位语从句；空2应为宾语从句，且在从句中充当主语，意为“无论谁”，应为whoever。故选C。 13．B 【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：毫无疑问，中国向世界展示了一个成功而强大的国家。根据句意可推知，此处表示“没有疑问，毫无疑问”，第一空应用no；第二空和空后内容构成同位语从句，说明doubt的内容，从句成分和语义完整，应用连接词that。故选B项。 14．C 【解析】考查主语从句和表语从句。句意：他无法理解的是，为什么越来越少的年轻人对传统民间艺术感兴趣。第一空为连接词引导主语从句，且在从句中作“understand”的宾语，指代“事物”，应用what；第二空为连词引导表语从句，从句不缺成分，且句意完整，所以第二空需用连接词that，无实义，只起连接作用。故选C项。 15．C 【解析】考查形容词短语辨析及表语从句。句意：有些人说，当谈到成功时，能力比任何其他个人品质都重要。这是我不同意的地方。我认为性格也很重要。inferior to 比……差；junior to 比……年轻；地位比…… 低；superior to 比……优越；比……更重要；senior to 比……年长；地位比……高。“superior to”表示“比……优越；优于” ，符合语境，即有人认为能力比其他品质重要；“what”引导表语从句，在从句中作about的宾语，故选C。 16．B 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：一些意图赚大钱的人很感激任何能增加收入的机会，因为他们相信幸福所在之处正在于此。A. what什么；B. where在哪里；C. when什么时候；D. how如何。空格处引导表语从句，从句中缺少地点状语，“where their happiness lies”意为“他们的幸福所在之处”，符合语境。故选B。 17．A 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：——我认为在线学习和传统的课堂教学一样有效。——这就是我不同意的地方。面对面的交流对于真正的理解是至关重要的。A. where在哪里；B. how如何；C. when什么时候；D. what什么。空处引导表语从句，从句中缺少抽象地点状语，故用where引导表语从句，表示“……的地方、……之处”。故选A。 18．B 【解析】考查从句。句意：那家给你提供工作机会的酒店，是你第一次来这儿时住的地方吗？第一空为关系词引导限制性定语从句，先行词是hotel，关系词在从句中作主语，使用关系代词that引导；第二空为表语从句，表示地点，用连接副词where。故选B。 19．B 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：科学似乎就在我们身边。空处引导表语从句，表语从句的成分完整，根据句意及“It seems”可知，应用as if“好像，似乎”引导，构成固定句型it seems as if…，意为“似乎……，好像……”。故选B。 20．D 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：他喜欢中国的最大原因是他喜欢和中国人在一起。空处引导名词性从句作is的表语，表语从句的成分和语义均完整，应用连接词that作引导词，构成固定句型the reason why… is that…，意为“……的原因是……”。故选D。 21．A 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：——琳达，你知道这学期学校旅行我们要去哪里吗？——是的。我们要去首都博物馆。“我们要去哪里”是宾语从句，从句要用陈述句语序，C、D选项是疑问句语序，可排除；再根据答语“We are going to the Capital Museum.”可知，问的是这学期学校旅行要去哪里，是将来的动作，B选项“where we went”是一般过去时，不符合语境，A选项“where we are going”是一般将来时，符合语境。故选A项。 22．D 【解析】考查宾语从句。—大卫，“承诺就是承诺”是什么意思？—它告诉我们遵守诺言是多么重要。A. what promise we must keep我们必须承诺什么；B. when do we make a promise我们何时承诺；C. why should we make a promise我们为什么承诺；D. how important keeping a promise is承诺有多么重要。分析问句和选项可知答案应是宾语从句，所以应用陈述语序，排除B，C，根据句意可知强调的是承诺，表示一旦作出承诺，就应遵守，所以是说明承诺的重要性，故选D。 23．C 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：你能告诉我彼得说了什么吗？我没听清楚。在宾语从句中所使用的语序应该是陈述句语序，A项和D项是疑问句语序，排除掉；根据didn’t hear可知，说话这个动作发生在过去，宾语从句使用的时态是一般过去时。故选C。 24．B 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：——下星期五是我母亲的生日。我在想怎么给她一个惊喜。 ——好孩子！请代我向她致以最良好的祝愿。分析句子结构和选项可知，此处应为宾语从句，根据“Next Friday is my mother’s birthday.”和“I’m thinking about”可知，此处的时态为一般将来时或一般现在时，选项A和C为一般过去时，时态不符和语境，需要排除；宾语从句应为陈述句语序，所以选项D排除，选项B为how引导的宾语从句，语序为陈述句语序，且句意符合语境。故选B。 25．D 【解析】考查特殊疑问句。句意：——谁的设计为这座新城镇赢得了赞誉？——李先生的。A. Who谁；B. What什么；C. Which哪一个；D. Whose谁的。根据Mr. Li’s可知，空格处应表达“谁的”，故用Whose，引导特殊疑问句。故选D。 26．A 【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：事实上，这座古城曾经是一个繁荣的贸易中心。空处引导同位语从句，解释说明fact的具体内容，从句不缺成分，引导词没有含义，需用连接词that引导。故选A。 27．C 【解析】考查连词。句意：我不知道项目何时完成。A. that（无意义）；B.what什么，……东西；C. when何时；D. whose谁的。空处引导同位语从句，解释idea的具体内容，句子为被动语态，不缺少主干成分，结合句意可知，表示“何时”应用连接副词when作引导词。故选C。 28．A 【解析】考查宾语从句、定语从句。句意：这位老兵向我们讲述了他在战场上的所见所闻，以及那些从那以后塑造了他人生的重要教训。第一个空引导宾语从句，作shared的宾语，从句中witnessed后缺少宾语，指物，需用what引导，故第一空填what。第二个空引导定语从句，修饰先行词the important lessons，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，用that或which引导，故第二空填that或which。故选A。 29．C 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：这个算法对人类直觉曾经认为无价的东西进行排名，然而，它也学会了质疑自己的指标是否仍然反映了我们真正珍视指物的核心特征。设空处引导名词性从句作ranks宾语，从句中缺少宾语，指物，填关系代词what。故选C项。 30．B 【解析】考查主语从句和动词短语辨析。句意：新成立的委员会的政策能否付诸实施还有待观察。in its way阻碍，put into practice付诸实践，sentenced to death判死刑，left an impression留下印象；第一空引导主语从句，结合句意表示“是否”应用whether；空②应用动词短语put into practice(付诸实践)，表示政策是否会被付诸实施尚有待观察。故选B项。 31．B 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：前几天，新来的人去图书馆查找他能找到的关于马克·吐温的资料。由句意及空后的he could find about Mark Twain可知应填whatever，意为“任何……的事物，任何事物”，引导宾语从句，在从句中作find的宾语，故选B项。 32．D 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：我们如何理解事情与我们所感受的有很大关系。根据句意可知，主语从句缺少方式状语，因此选择how。故选B。 33．B 【解析】考查连词和动词词义辨析。句意：希望新的数字化技术能够促进文物的“重生”，并将它们带到世界更多的地方。A. what什么；estimate估计；B. that(无意义，起连接作用)；boost促进；C. how如何；react反应；D. whether是否；appreciate欣赏，感激。第一空引导主语从句，从句结构、意义完整，使用that引导；结合“bring them to more places worldwide.”可知，此处指“新的数字化技术能够促进文物的‘重生’”，故选B。 34．D 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：亚洲象是中国最受保护的动物之一，是什么驱使大象进行长途旅行仍然不完全确定。由句意及空后的drove the elephants to make their long trip is still not completely certain可知此处应填主语从句的引导词，从句缺少主语，意为“……的事情；什么”，应用连接代词what。故选D项。 35．A 【解析】考查定语从句和表语从句。句意：担心食物的人更有可能节食。这可能是因为他们担心自己的体重，或者担心某些营养素对健康的影响。分析句子可知，第一空考查定语从句，先行词People，为人，在从句中作主语，所以可用关系代词who；第二空考查表语从句，且由句意可知，they are worried about their weight为节食的原因，所以应用because连接。故选A项。 二、 1 36．that 37．shown 38．is adapted 39．who/that 40．becoming 41．deeply 42．them 43．the 44．in/into 45．connection 【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。报道了“流浪地球”这部大片的开幕式、故事背景以及这部影片的意义。 36．考查同位语从句。句意：肩负着人们的厚望，中国第一部以太空为背景的大片《流浪地球》于周二上映。这部电影被认为将代表中国电影制作新时代的曙光。这是一个同位语从句，expectations的内容就是it will represent the dawning of a new era in Chinese filmmaking，并且从句部分是一个陈述句，故填that。 37．考查过去分词作定语。句意：“流浪地球”是以3D形式播放的，故事发生在遥远的将来。“The Wandering Earth”与show之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词形式作定语。故填shown。 38．考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意：电影改编于刘慈欣的作品，这位作家在中国引领了一场科幻小说复兴，在2015年成为了赢得雨果奖的第一名中国作家。全文使用的是一般现在时，所以这句话也使用一般现在时，主语it指代的是“The Wandering Earth”，是第三人称单数，且是物作主语，所以语态使用被动语态。故填is adapted。 39．考查定语从句。句意同上。这是一个定语从句，先行词为the writer，指人，从句缺主语，故填who/that。 40．考查现在分词作状语。句意同上。这里的分词作the writer的状语，the writer与become之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作伴随状语。故填becoming。 41．考查副词。句意：刘慈欣的小说叙事宏大，背景研究细致入微。空格处单词修饰动词researched，应用副词形式，故填deeply。 42．考查代词。句意：这使得这些小说是关于人类和危险的宇宙之间的合情合理的科幻小说。这里的they指代his novels，并且在句中作make的宾语，所以用代词的宾格形式，故填them。 43．考查定冠词。句意：宇宙探测器一月份落在月球背面。空格位于介词后，名词前，所以填冠词。月球是独一无二的，所以这里特指月球的背面。所以填定冠词。故填the。 44．考查介词。句意：虽然落后于俄罗斯和美国几十年，但如今中国已经将宇航员送入太空轨道。太空轨道是一个很大的范围，所以进入太空轨道用介词in或者into。故填in/into。 45．考查名词的单数形式。句意：中国电影资料馆策展人沙丹说：“我认为中国电影和中国国运之间有着紧密联系。”空格位于定冠词和形容词后，介词前，所以用名词形式，又有不定冠词a修饰，所以用可数名词的单数形式。故填connection。 2 46．was wearing 47．to take 48．but 49．had left 50．was 51．knocked 52．got 53．had phoned 54．would go 55．through 【解析】本文为一篇记叙文。叙述了我到家门口发现没带钥匙，最后爬窗户进去的一件小事。 46．考查过去进行时。结合语境可知，天气很冷，我正穿着一件大衣。而全文基调为过去时，故用过去进行时。故填was wearing。 47．考查不定式表目的。句意：我走到门口，把手放进口袋里拿出我的钥匙。可知，put my hand的目的是take out my key，to表目的。故填to take。 48．考查连词。句意：我走到门口，把手放进口袋里拿出我的钥匙，可是没有找到。结合语境，前后文具有明显的转折含义。故填but。 49．考查过去完成时。句意：我突然想起我把它放在办公室的桌子上了。结合语境可知，我把钥匙落在桌上为过去的过去，且对过去造成影响。leave的过去分词形式为left。故填had left。 50．考查一般过去时及主谓一致。句意：我知道我妻子在家，孩子们现在肯定已经放学回来了，所以我敲门。根据全文基调，此处应填过去式，my wife为单数，is的过去分词形式为was。故填was。 51．考查一般过去时。结合语境及全文基调可知，此处填一般过去式。knock的过去式为knocked故填knocked。 52．考查一般过去时。结合语境及全文基调可知，此处填一般过去式get的过去式为got。故填got。 53．考查过去完成时。句意：他说我妻子说她下午和孩子们一起去购物。可知，he said为过去时，而我的妻子打电话在这之前，且对过去产生影响。故填had phoned。 54．考查过去将来时。结合语境可知，妻子说她将要去购物，又因基调为过去时，故此处使用过去进行时。故填would go。 55．考查介词。句意：我得从爬窗户进去。through有从内部穿过的意思。故填through。 3 56．twentieth 57．rose 58．to/with 59．that 60．it 61．burning 62．are called 63．which 64．cooler 65．to go 【解析】这是一篇说明文。20世纪，地球的温度上升了1华氏度。科学家们认为是人类活动导致了地球变暖，因为矿物的燃烧导致过多的二氧化碳排放到了大气层中。 56．考查序数词。句意：在20世纪，地球的温度上升了1华氏度。“在20世纪”是按时间顺序描述时间的，应用序数词。故填twentieth。 57．考查时态。句意同上。“在20世纪”提示了我们这句话时态使用一般过去时。故填rose。 58．考查介词。句意：与其它自然变化相比，这是一个很快的升高。“be compared to/with”是固定表达,意为“”与……相比，这里是when (it is）compared to/with的省略形式。故填to/with。 59．考查同位语从句。句意：毫无疑问地球正在变得更暖和。There is no doubt that… “毫无疑问”是固定句型。故填that。 60．考查强调句。句意：科学家们认为是人类活动导致了全球变暖。强调句句式结构为“it is …that/who…”，本句去掉is和that后句子不缺成份，所以说是宾语从句中嵌套了强调句。故填it。 61．考查动名词。句意：地球温度的升高是由于化石燃料的燃烧。空格前有定冠词，空格后是介词，所以空格处填名词形式。所给出的单词为动词，所以填动名词形式。故填burning。 62．考查被动语态。句意：一些副产品被叫做温室气体，其中最重的一种是二氧化碳。分析句子成分可知，句子缺少谓语动词，且根据句意，应使用被动语态。全文使用的时态为一般现在时，且主语Some byproducts为复数形式，故填are called。 63．考查定语从句。句意同上。根据句意可知，这是一个定语从句，先行词为gases，从句缺少主语用于of后，故填which。 64．考查形容词比较级。句意：没有温室效应，地球将比现在凉快33摄氏度。由空格后的than可知此处用比较级。故填cooler。 65．考查不定式。句意：当我们把大量的二氧化碳排入空气的时候，问题就出现了，导致地球温度上升。cause… to do sth. 是固定搭配，意为“导致……做某事”，故填to go。 4 66．broaden 67．crowded 68．stands 69．surrounded 70．is forbidden 71．where 72．in 73．what 74．mountainous 75．plains 【解析】这是一篇说明文。短文向读者介绍了游览三峡的路线以及沿途的景色。 66．考查动词。句意：通过旅行，你可以欣赏到美丽的景色，开阔视野。分析句子可知，and连接的是enjoy和broaden两个并列谓语。故填 broaden。 67．考查形容词。句意：夏天，你最好在重庆坐游轮去三峡，因为江油号船通常都是太拥挤了。分析句子可知，本句为for引导的原因状语从句。从句的结构为主系表结构。故填crowded。 68．考查一般现在时。句意：在云阳附近，山峰陡峭的边缘矗立着著名的张飞寺，周围树木环绕。分析句子可知，本句为一般现在时，且为全部倒装句，本句的主语为the famous Zhang Fei Temple，所以谓语为stands。故填stands。 69．考查过去分词。句意：在云阳附近，山峰陡峭的边缘矗立着著名的张飞寺，周围树木环绕。分析句子可知，the famous Zhang Fei Temple与surround在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用过去分词做定语。故填surrounded。 70．考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意：由于船舱内禁止吸烟，您必须到甲板吸烟，在那里您可以欣赏到美丽的景色。分析句子可知，本句为一般现在时，主语smoking 与谓语forbid 为被动。故填is forbidden。 71．考查关系副词。句意：由于船舱内禁止吸烟，您必须到甲板吸烟，在那里您可以欣赏到美丽的景色。分析句子可知，the deck为先行词，在后面的定语从句中，作地点状语，所以关系副词为where。故填where。 72．考查介词。句意：你可以看到远处的渔民。in the distance “在远处”为固定短语。故填 in。 73．考查连接代词。句意：然而，给你印象最深的可能是巫山县的大宁河。分析句子可知，本句为主语从句，在主语从句中，缺少主语，所以用what来充当主语。且符合句意。故填what。 74．考查形容词。句意：长江两岸山地辽阔，平原面积小。mountainous为形容词来修饰名词land。故填mountainous。 75．考查名词。句意：长江两岸山地辽阔，平原面积小。flat为形容词修饰名词plain。长江两岸不止一个平原，所以应填plain的复数plains。故填plains。 1 / 22 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题06 名词性从句 目录 学考要求速览 必备知识梳理 高频考点精讲 主语从句、宾语从句 表语从句、同位语从句 进阶分级练 核心知识掌握要求：高考明确要求考生系统掌握名词性从句的四类基本类型及用法 —— 主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句需熟练运用，同位语从句需理解基本规则。核心考点聚焦连接词的辨析与运用，包括 that（无意义不充当成分）、what（表 “…… 的” 且作成分）、whether/if（表 “是否”）及 wh - 系列连接词（who/why/how 等）的区别，同时需掌握句子语序、否定前移、时态呼应等规则，以及名词性从句与定语从句、状语从句的界限划分。例如 that 在主语从句、表语从句中不可省略，而宾语从句中可省略；what 在从句中必作主语、宾语等成分，这是高频考查的易混点。 命题形式与考查侧重：考查主要分布在语法填空、短文改错两大题型，写作中也常需运用以提升表达准确性。从命题规律看，宾语从句考查频率最高（10 年 17 考），其次是表语从句、主语从句，同位语从句考查相对较少，但均以连接词选择为核心设问方向。近五年真题显示，what 的用法考查最频繁（5 年 5 考），who、how、why 等连接词的考查累计达 7 次，且命题均融入具体语境，要求结合上下文判断从句类型与逻辑关系，而非单纯考查语法结构。 语境运用与细节规范：高考强调名词性从句在语境中的实际运用能力，如语法填空中需根据从句成分缺失情况选择连接词（缺主语用 what，缺状语用 how），短文改错中常涉及 that 多余、whether 与 if 误用等问题。同时注重固定句型与细节规范，如主语从句常用 it 作形式主语的句型（It is obvious that...）、表语从句的固定结构（The reason is that...），以及宾语从句的时态呼应原则（主句为过去时，从句用相应过去时态，客观真理除外）。这些要求既考查基础语法知识，更侧重考生在语篇中准确运用从句的综合能力。 名词性从句是高考英语语法的核心考点之一，它在句子中充当名词的角色，可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句四大类。掌握其引导词用法、语序规则及特殊考点，是应对高考语法填空、单项选择和写作题的关键。 一、名词性从句的核心规则 1.语序要求 所有名词性从句均需用陈述语序（主语 + 谓语），即使从句表达疑问含义，也不能用疑问语序。 错误：Do you know what is his name? 正确：Do you know what his name is?（你知道他的名字是什么吗？） 2.引导词分类 连接代词：what, which, who, whom, whose（在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分）； 连接副词：when, where, why, how（在从句中充当状语）； 从属连词：that, if, whether（在从句中不充当成分，仅起连接作用；if/whether 表 “是否”，that 无实际含义）。 二、名词性从句的用法 （一）主语从句：在句中充当主语 主语从句可位于句首，也可借助 “it” 作形式主语，将真正主语从句后置（避免句子头重脚轻）。 引导词类型 用法说明 例句 that 无实际含义，不充当成分，从句语义完整时用。 That he will come to the party is certain.（他会来参加派对，这是确定的。）It is certain that he will come to the party.（形式主语结构，译文同上） what 表 “…… 的事物 / 内容”，在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语。 What she said moved everyone present.（她说的话打动了在场的每个人。）It is important to remember what your parents told you.（记住父母告诉你的话很重要。） whether 表 “是否”，从句语义不完整，需明确 “是或否”，不可用 if（if 不能引导句首主语从句）。 Whether we will go hiking depends on the weather.（我们是否去徒步取决于天气。） 连接副词 when/where/why/how 表 “时间 / 地点 / 原因 / 方式”，在从句中作状语。 When the meeting will start has not been decided yet.（会议什么时候开始还没决定。）How we can solve this problem is a big challenge.（我们如何解决这个问题是个大难题。） （二）宾语从句：在句中充当宾语（常跟在动词、介词后） 1.动词后的宾语从句：常见动词有 say, think, believe, know, wonder, decide 等。 例句 1：She told me that she would study abroad next year.（她告诉我她明年要出国留学。）（that 可省略） 例句 2：I wonder if/whether he will call me tonight.（我想知道他今晚是否会给我打电话。）（表 “是否” 可用 if/whether，无区别） 例句 3：He doesn’t know what he should do next.（他不知道接下来该做什么。）（what 在从句中作宾语） 2.介词后的宾语从句：常见介词有 about, of, on, in 等，此时不可用 if，需用 whether；that 不可省略。 例句 1：We are talking about whether we should change our plan.（我们正在讨论是否应该改变计划。）（不可用 if） 例句 2：I have no idea of what he is doing now.（我不知道他现在在做什么。） 例句 3：She is confident in that she can pass the exam.（她有信心能通过考试。）（that 不可省略） （三）表语从句：在句中充当表语 表语从句跟在系动词后（常见系动词：be, look, seem, become, turn 等），表语从句的引导词用法与主语从句基本一致，需注意两点：① 表 “是否” 时用 whether，不用 if；② 常用固定句型 “this is why…（这就是…… 的原因）”“the reason is that…（原因是……）”。 引导词 例句 that The fact is that he has never been to Beijing.（事实是他从未去过北京。）（that 不可省略） whether The question is whether we can finish the work on time.（问题是我们能否按时完成工作。）（不用 if） what My dream is what I can become a doctor in the future.（我的梦想是未来能成为一名医生。） 连接副词 This is where we met for the first time.（这就是我们第一次见面的地方。）The reason why he was late is that he missed the early bus.（他迟到的原因是没赶上早班车。）（固定句型，reason 后表语从句用 that，不用 because） （四）同位语从句：在名词后作同位语，解释说明该名词的具体内容（常见名词：fact, news, idea, plan, suggestion, truth, doubt 等） 引导词特点：① 常用 that 引导，that 无实际含义，不充当成分，不可省略；② 表 “是否” 时用 whether，不用 if；③ 连接副词 when/where/why 可引导，需结合名词含义选择（如 news 后可用 when/where，doubt 后可用 whether）。 例句： The news that our team won the game made everyone excited.（我们队赢了比赛的消息让所有人都很兴奋。）（that 解释 news 的内容，不可省略） I have a doubt whether he will keep his promise.（我怀疑他是否会遵守承诺。）（doubt 后用 whether，表 “不确定”） He put forward a suggestion that we should hold a charity sale.（他提出了一个建议：我们应该举办一场义卖。）（that 解释 suggestion 的内容） Do you remember the day when we visited the museum together?（你还记得我们一起参观博物馆的那一天吗？）（when 引导同位语从句，解释 day 的具体时间） 三、高频易错点总结 1.that 与 what 的区别：that 不充当成分，无含义；what 充当成分（主语 / 宾语 / 表语），表 “…… 的事物”。 错误：He told me that he needed.（that 不充当成分，从句缺宾语） 正确：He told me what he needed.（what 在从句中作宾语，表 “他需要的东西”） 2.if 与 whether 的区别：引导宾语从句表 “是否” 时可互换，但以下情况只能用 whether：① 引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句；② 从句后有 or not；③ 从句作介词宾语。 正确：Whether he will come or not is unknown.（主语从句，用 whether） 正确：I’m not sure if/whether he will come.（宾语从句，可互换） 3.reason 后表语从句的引导词：reason 作主语时，表语从句用 that 引导，不用 because（because 引导原因状语从句，不引导表语从句）。 错误：The reason for his absence is because he was ill. 正确：The reason for his absence is that he was ill.（他缺席的原因是他生病了。） 考点精讲讲练 1．The possibility _____ the majority of the labour force will work at home is often discussed. A．which B．as C．that D．what 【答案】C 【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：大多数劳动力将在家工作的可能性经常被讨论。空处引导同位语从句，解释说明possibility的具体内容，在从句中不做成分，仅起连接作用，应用连接词that。故选C。 2．Air pollution is ________ most people in developing countries are concerned about nowadays, because their heath is being threatened. A．which B．how C．that D．what 【答案】D 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：空气污染是现在发展中国家大多数人关心的问题，因为他们的健康受到威胁。空处引导名词性从句作表语，表语从句about后缺少宾语，结合“Air pollution”可知，宾语指物，应用连接代词what作引导词。故选D。 3．The headmaster made it clear ________ the school would not tolerate any form of cheating. A．what B．whether C．that D．how 【答案】C 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：校长明确表示，学校不会容忍任何形式的作弊行为。该句为固定句型“make it +宾语补足语+ 宾语从句”，其中“it”是形式宾语，代替后面真正的宾语从句，从句内部主谓宾结构完整，不缺少核心成分，也无需表达疑问或指代意义，因此需用无实义、仅起连接作用的连接词that引导。故选C项。 1．________ made him feel satisfied was ________ his students were able to read, speak and write in English. A．That; what B．That; that C．What; what D．What; that 2．________ surprised us was the student’s decision to donate all prize money to a local charity. A．It B．That C．What D．Which 3．Tony discovered a sense of purpose, ________ helping others gave his life new meaning. A．where B．which C．why D．that 4．The question our small town will host a famous singer’s free concert next month has been on everyone’s lips. A．if B．whether C．what D．which 5．When talking about her English learning experience, Mary said, “Practicing every day is __________ my teacher has told me — it’s the key to improving language skills.” A．how B．which C．what D．when 6．The reason ________ he provided for his absence was ________ he had been grappling with a sudden illness. A．why; that B．that; because C．which; that D．why; because 7．When we fight for our goals, we will be devoted to ________ we are doing and try to improve ourselves. A．Whom B．that C．what D．when 8．Knowing your weakness lies is one of the first and most challenging steps in learning to manage yourself. A．that B．what C．how D．where 9．______ surprised everyone was that the runner ______a small rock just before crossing the finish line. A．What; tripped over B．That; fell down C．It; got through D．How; walked into 训练 一、单项选择 1．Not until he had accomplished the ambitious project ________ fully comprehend ________ important team efforts were. A．did he; how B．he did; what C．does he; what D．he does; how 2．_____ breaks the laws must be punished. A．Whatever B．No matter what C．Whoever D．No matter who 3．— To create new things, we need both new ideas and the wish to make them real. — Exactly! ______ really matters is our powerful desire to think and create — this is where true invention begins. A．That B．Which C．How D．What 4．However, _______ remains important is _______ we have an incredible desire to think and create, and that’s the real spirit of invention. A．which, that B．what, that C．which, whether D．what, if 5．______ impressed me most about the documentary was ______ the scientist persevered through countless failures to finally achieve her breakthrough. A．What; where B．It; that C．What; how D．Which; when 6．________ wasn’t known to Jimmy was ________ the robot dog was just adjusted to act as if it loved him. A．It; that B．What; what C．What; that D．As; which 7．The fact has worried many scientists ________ the earth is becoming increasingly warmer these years. A．why B．how C．that D．when 8．The news ______ a bridge over the road right in front of our school will be built next year excites us greatly. A．which B．that C．what D．whether 9．However, Tu Youyou had an idea Chinese herbs might hold the secret. A．that B．which C．what D．whether 10．Let’s discuss the problem ________ we can save more time and money. A．that B．what C．which D．how 11．There is some doubt ______ he will come. A．that B．whether C．who D．what 12．Word came ________ free souvenirs would be given to ________ comes first. A．that; whomever B．when; whoever C．that; whoever D．that; no matter who 13．We have ________ doubt ________ China has presented to the world a successful and powerful country. A．some; that B．no; that C．any; whether D．no; whether 14．________he couldn’t understand was ________ fewer and fewer young people showed interest in traditional folk art. A．It; that B．It; what C．What; that D．What; it 15．Some people say ability is _____ any other personal quality when it comes to success. That’s _____ I disagree about. I think character counts too. A．inferior to; where B．junior to; what C．superior to; what D．senior to; where 16．Some people whose intention is to make big money appreciate being given any chance to multiply their income, believing this is ___________ their happiness lies. A．what B．where C．when D．how 17．— I think online learning is just as effective as traditional classroom teaching. — That’s ______ I don’t agree. Face-to-face interaction is crucial for real understanding. A．where B．how C．when D．what 18．Is the hotel offered you a job you stayed the first time you arrived here? A．the one; where B．that; where C．where; that D．that one that; where 19．It seems ________ science is all around us. A．which B．as if C．what D．whether 20．The biggest reason why he loves China is ________ he enjoys being with Chinese people. A．what B．why C．because D．that 21．— Linda, do you know for the school trip this term? — Yes. We are going to the Capital Museum. A．where we are going B．where we went C．where are we going D．where did we go 22．— David, what’s the meaning of “A promise is a promise”? — It tells us . A．what promise we must keep B．when do we make a promise C．why should we make a promise D．how important keeping a promise is 23．Could you please tell me ______ ? I didn’t hear it clearly. A．what did Peter say B．what Peter says C．what Peter said D．what does Peter say 24．—Next Sunday is my grandmother’s birthday. I’m thinking about ________. —Good boy! And please give my best wishes to her. A．what present I gave her B．how I can give her a surprise C．if I had a party for her D．where will my family have a big meal 25．— __________ designs have won praise for the new town? — Mr. Li’s. A．Who B．What C．Which D．Whose 26．It is a fact ________ the ancient city was once a thriving centre of trade. A．that B．what C．which D．how 27．I have no idea ________ the project will be completed. A．that B．what C．when D．whose 28．The veteran shared with us ________ he had witnessed on the battlefield and the important lessons ________ had shaped his life ever since. A．what, that B．that, what C．what, what D．which, that 29．The algorithm ranks ________ human intuition once considered priceless beyond measure, yet it also learns to question whether its own metrics still echo the heartbeat of what we truly value. A．how B．where C．what D．how what 30．It remains to be seen ______ the newly formed committee’s policy can be ______. A．why; in its way B．whether; put into practice C．what; sentenced to death D．which; left an impression 31．The newcomer went to the library the other day and searched for ________ he could find about Mark Twain. A．whichever B．whatever C．however D．whoever 32．______ we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel. A．What B．Why C．Whether D．How 33．It is hoped _____ the new digitalized technologies will _____ the “rebirth” of the cultural relics, and bring them to more places worldwide. A．what; estimate B．that; boost C．how; react D．whether; appreciate 34．Asian elephants are among the most highly protected animals in China and _____ drove the elephants to make their long trip is still not completely certain. A．that B．which C．who D．what 35．People ____ worry about food are more likely to diet. This may be ____ they are worried about their weight, or about the impact certain nutrients have on their health. A．who; because B．who; why C．which; what D．which; how 二、语法填空 1 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 The first blockbuster (大片) of China set in space, “The Wandering Earth,” opens Tuesday during grand expectations 36 it will represent the dawning of a new era in Chinese filmmaking. “The Wandering Earth,” 37 (show) in 3-D, takes place in a distant future in which the sun is about to expand into a red giant and devour (吞噬) the Earth. It 38 (adapt) from works by Liu Cixin, the writer 39 has led a renaissance in science fiction here, 40 (become) the first Chinese winner of the Hugo Award in 2015. His novels are splendid and 41 (deep) researched. That makes 42 (they) reasonable fantasies about humanity’s meeting with a dangerous universe. The openings also come as China reached a milestone in space: the landing of a probe on 43 far side of the moon in January. Although decades behind Russia and the United States, China has now put astronauts 44 orbit and has ambitious plans to join—or even lead—a new age of space exploration. “I think there is a very close 45 (connect) between Chinese cinema and the nation’s fortunes,” said Sha Dan, a curator at the China Film Archive. 2 阅读下面短文，根据意思或所给的词，完成空格填空，使短文通顺 It was getting dark when I got home. It was cold and I 46 (wear) a coat. I walked up to the door and put my hand into my pocket 47 (take) out my key 48 I couldn’t find it. I suddenly remembered that I 49 (leave) it on my desk in the office. It really didn’t make any difference. I knew my wife 50 (be) at home and the children must have come back from school by now, so I 51 (knock) at the door. There was no answer, so I knocked again. I continued knocking at the door for some time. I 52 (get) angry. Then I remembered something the office boy had told me at noon. He said that my wife 53 (phone) saying that she 54 (go) shopping in the afternoon with the children. There was only one thing for me to do: I had to clime in 55 a window. 3 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 During the 56 (twenty) century , the temperature of the earth 57 (rise) about one degree Fahrenheit. It is a rapid increase when compared 58 other natural changes . There is no doubt 59 the earth is becoming warmer. Scientists believe 60 is human activity that has caused this global warming. The increase in the earth's temperature is due to the 61 (burn) of fossil fuels. Some byproducts of this process 62 (call) “greenhouse” gases, the most important one of 63 is carbon dioxide. Without the “greenhouse effect”, the earth would be thirty-three degree Celsius 64 (cool) than it is. So, we need those gases. The problem begins when we add huge quantities of extra carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, causing the global temperature 65 (go) up. 4 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Through travelling you can enjoy beautiful views and 66 ( broad ) your horizons. In summer, you’d better get on a cruise in the city of Chongqing which will take you to the Three Gorges, for those Jiangyou ships are usually too 67 ( crowd ). Near Yunyang, at the steep edge of the hills 68 ( stand ) the famous Zhang Fei Temple 69 ( surround ) by trees. Because smoking 70 ( forbid ) in the cabins, you have to go to the deck to smoke, 71 you can enjoy the beautiful scenery. You can see some fishermen 72 the distance. First, you will go through the Qutang Gorge, which narrows to 350 feet. Then you will sail through Wu Gorge and Xiling Gorge. However, 73 impresses you most may be the Daning River in WuShang. There is immense 74 ( mountain ) land on both banks of Yangtze River with only small areas of flat 75 ( plain ). 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $