第4讲 状语从句-2-核心语法 重难点专项突破 任务单 2026届高考英语一轮复习（全国通用）

高考核心语法·精练 第4讲 状语从句-2 2026年高考英语语法专项突破（全国通用） （语法讲义+模拟练习+真题操练） 内容提要 思维导图 表格呈现 对点练习 单题突破 综合提升 一、状语从句基础分类及引导词表 此表格梳理文档中状语从句的核心分类与对应引导词，明确 “从句功能 - 引导词” 的匹配关系，是区分不同类型状语从句的基础框架。 类型 常见引导词 核心功能（表逻辑关系） 时间状语从句 when/while/as, after/before, since, till/until, every time/next time, the moment/the minute/instant 表动作发生的时间（时间点、时间段、先后顺序等） 原因状语从句 because, as, since, now that, in that, seeing that/considering that/given that 表主句动作发生的原因或理由 方式状语从句 as, as if/as though 表主句动作的执行方式或状态（“正如”“仿佛”） 地点状语从句 where 表主句动作发生的地点（具体或抽象地点） 比较状语从句 as…as…, than, the + 比较级 + …, the + 比较级 + … 表人或事物之间的程度、数量比较 注意事项： 1. 引导词不可混用：需根据逻辑关系选择，如表 “时间” 不可用 “because”（原因引导词），表 “原因” 不可用 “where”（地点引导词）（错误：I stayed home where I was tired；正确：I stayed home because I was tired）； 2. 部分引导词跨类型：如 “as” 可引导时间、原因、方式状语从句，需结合语境判断（如 “As he grew up, he became brave” 表时间；“As he was brave, he helped others” 表原因）。 【对点练习】在空格处填入一个适当的单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空 1. ________ he carefully finished his math homework, he started to watch his favorite TV show. 2. She decided to take a walk in the park ________ the weather outside was quite fine. 3. You should do exactly ________ the teacher tells you to if you want to get good grades. 4. Plants usually grow well ________ there is plenty of sunlight and fresh water. 5. This short story is ________ interesting ________ the one I read last week in class. 二、时间状语从句核心引导词用法表 此表格聚焦时间状语从句的 6 类核心引导词，梳理其语义、时态规则及特殊句型，覆盖文档 “知能解读 02” 的核心考点，解决 “when/while/as 区别”“since 延续性动词用法” 等难点。 引导词 语义与核心规则 时态要求 示例 when/ while/as 1. when：表 “当…… 时”，可接时间点（瞬时动词）或时间段（延续动词） 2. while：表 “在…… 期间”，仅接延续动词，可表主从句动作对比 3. as：表 “随着”，强调主从句动作同时发生 主从句时态一致（现 / 过）；while 从句常用进行时 When the bell rang, we rushed out. While she read, I wrote. As the sun rose, the fog cleared. after/ before 1. after：表 “在…… 之后”，从句动作先于主句 2. before：表 “在…… 之前”，可译 “趁……”“还没来得及” 3. 特殊句型：It will be/was + 时间段 + before（“过多久才……”） after 从句用过去时，主句用过去完成时；before 从句时态依语境 After he left, I started working. It will be a week before the exam. He left before I could say goodbye. since 1. 表 “自从…… 以来”，从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时 2. 特殊句型：It is + 时间段 + since 3. 从句为延续动词时，表 “动作结束以来” 从句：一般过去时；主句：现在完成时 I have lived here since I graduated. It is 3 years since we met. She hasn’t called since she lived here.（“不住这里后”） till/until 1. 表 “直到…… 为止”，till 口语不用于句首，until 可用于句首 2. 否定句（not…until）：表 “直到…… 才” 3. “Not until” 句首：主句需部分倒装 肯定句：主句用延续动词；否定句：主句用瞬时动词 He waited until she came. He didn’t leave until she came. Not until she came did he leave.（倒装） 名词短语（every time/the moment 等） 1. 常见短语：every time/next time/the first time, the moment/the minute 2. 直接接从句，无需加 when 依语境用现 / 过去时 Every time I see her, I smile. The moment she arrived, she called me. “一…… 就……” 系列 1. as soon as（标准型，主将从现） 2. the moment/minute（名词型） 3. immediately/instantly（副词型） 4. on doing（介词型） 5. no sooner…than…/hardly…when…（倒装型，主句过去完成时） 倒装型：主句过去完成时；其他：主将从现 / 过去时 As soon as he came, we started. On arriving, he called. No sooner had he come than we started. 注意事项： 1. while 从句需用延续动词：不可接瞬时动词（错误：While the bell rang…；正确：When the bell rang…）； 2. since 延续动词表 “动作结束”：这是高频易错点（如 “since she lived here” 表 “她不住这里后”，非 “住这里期间”）； 3. “no sooner…than…” 需倒装：“no sooner” 位于句首时，主句助动词 had 提前（错误：No sooner he had come…；正确：No sooner had he come…）。 【对点练习】在空格处填入一个适当的单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空 1. ________ I was walking slowly in the park yesterday, I met an old friend of mine. 2. It ________ (be) three years since we last met each other at the school gate last term. 3. He didn’t go to bed ________ his parents came back home from work last night. 4. The moment she ________ (arrive) at the airport this morning, she called her family. 5. No sooner ________ he ________ (enter) the classroom than the bell rang. 三、原因状语从句引导词用法表 此表格梳理原因状语从句的 5 类引导词，明确其语气强度、位置及语义差异。 引导词 语气 位置特点 核心语义与用法 示例 because 最强 多位于主句后，回答 why 提问时可位于句首 表直接、核心原因，不可与 so 连用 He didn’t go because he was ill. —Why didn’t he go? —Because he was ill. as 较弱 多位于主句前，可位于主句后 表 “由于”，原因较明显，可与 since 互换 As it rained, we stayed home. We stayed home as it rained. since 较弱 多位于主句前 表 “既然”，引导已知事实或显而易见的原因 Since everyone is here, let’s start. now that 较弱 多位于主句前 表 “既然”，比 since 更口语化，强调 “现在既然” Now that you’re here, let’s talk. in that/seeing that in that 较强；seeing that 较弱 in that 仅位于主句后；seeing that 可前可后 1. in that：正式用语，表 “因为”（=because） 2. seeing that：表 “鉴于”，口语化 He is good in that he works hard. Seeing that it’s late, we should go. 注意事项： 1. because 不可与 so 连用：二者均表逻辑关系，不可同时使用（错误：Because he was ill, so he didn’t go；正确：Because he was ill, he didn’t go）； 2. in that 仅用于正式文体：不可用于口语，且必须位于主句之后（错误：In that he works hard, he is good；正确：He is good in that he works hard）； 3. since/now that 表 “已知原因”：不可用于回答 why 提问（错误：—Why start? —Since everyone is here；正确：—Why start? —Because everyone is here）。 【对点练习】在空格处填入一个适当的单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空 1. He didn’t attend the important meeting ________ he was seriously ill in hospital. 2. ________ it rained heavily outside, we had to cancel our plan to go hiking. 3. ________ everyone has arrived at the meeting room, let’s start our discussion now. 4. ________ you have finished all your homework, you can spend some time reading books. 5. This new method is better ________ it can help us save a lot of time in work. 四、方式与地点状语从句用法表 此表格分别梳理方式、地点状语从句的引导词规则，明确 “as 与 as if 区别”“where 与定语从句差异” 。 类型 引导词 核心规则 示例 方式状语从句 as 1. 表 “正如……”“就像……”，位于主句后 2. 常与 do, say 等动词搭配，表 “按…… 方式做” Do as I told you. She speaks as her mother does. as if/as though 1. 可互换，表 “仿佛…… 似的” 2. 从句用虚拟语气（与事实相反）或陈述语气（可能属实） 3. 虚拟语气：与现在相反用过去时，与过去相反用过去完成时 He acts as if he were a king.（虚拟） It looks as if it will rain.（陈述） 地点状语从句 where 1. 表 “在…… 的地方”，无先行词（区别于定语从句） 2. 可修饰抽象地点（opportunity/situation 等） 3. 不可用 “介词 + which” 替换（无先行词） Go where you like. He found a job where he could use English. Opportunity lies where you look for it.（抽象地点） 注意事项： 1. as if 虚拟语气时态：与现在相反用过去时（be 动词用 were），与过去相反用过去完成时（错误：He acts as if he is a king；正确：He acts as if he were a king）； 2. where 区分状语从句与定语从句：状语从句无先行词，定语从句前有表地点的先行词（错误：This is the city where I lived there；正确：This is the city where I lived（定语从句）/I lived where the city is（状语从句））； 3. 抽象地点用 where：如 opportunity/situation/stage 等词后，可用 where 引导地点状语从句（错误：Opportunity lies in which you look for it；正确：Opportunity lies where you look for it）。 【对点练习】在空格处填入一个适当的单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空 1. Please do exactly ________ the teacher told you to when you do the chemistry experiment. 2. He talks and acts ________ he were the boss of this small company. 3. You can go ________ you want to visit during this summer vacation. 4. We should build more parks ________ people can relax and enjoy their free time. 5. The old man behaves ________ he has known us for many years. 五、比较状语从句用法表 此表格梳理 3 类比较状语从句的结构、规则及易错点。 类型 引导词 核心规则 示例 原级比较 as…as… 1. 表 “和…… 一样……”，第一个 as 为副词，第二个为连词 2. 中间接 adj/adv 原级，可接 “as+adj+a (n)+ 单名 + as” 3. 否定式：not so…as… She is as tall as me. It is as interesting a book as that one. He isn’t so careful as his sister. 比较级比较 than 1. 前接 adj/adv 比较级，从句可省略重复成分 2. 比较对象需一致（不可用 “人” 与 “物” 对比） 3. “more than” 表 “不仅仅” This is bigger than that (one). He runs faster than I (do). She is more than a teacher.（不仅仅） 倍数比较 the + 比较级…, the + 比较级… 1. 表 “越…… 就越……”，前半句为从句，后半句为主句 2. 非正式语境可省略主谓语，仅用 “the + 比较级，the + 比较级” 3. 比较级前可加程度副词（much/a little） The harder you work, the better you get. The more, the better.（省略） The much earlier you come, the more seats you get. 注意事项： 1. as…as 不可接比较级：这是高频错误（错误：She is as taller as me；正确：She is as tall as me）； 2. 比较对象需一致：不可用 “人” 与 “物” 对比（错误：My book is more interesting than you；正确：My book is more interesting than yours）； 3. the + 比较级句型不可倒装：从句与主句均用陈述句语序（错误：The harder you work, the better do you get；正确：The harder you work, the better you get）。 【对点练习】在空格处填入一个适当的单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空 1. This little girl is ________ tall ________ her elder sister who is two years older. 2. This new mobile phone is more expensive ________ the one my brother bought last month. 3. The ________ (hard) you study for the exam, the better grades you will get in the end. 4. This novel is not ________ interesting ________ the one I read during the winter holiday. 5. It is ________ interesting a film ________ many students want to watch it a second time. 六、状语从句省略用法表 此表格梳理状语从句的省略规则、常见结构及特殊提醒。 省略场景 核心规则 常见结构 示例 主从句主语一致 + 含 be 动词 省略从句的主语和 be 动词，保留 “从属连词 + 分词” 1. 主动关系：从属连词 + 现在分词 2. 被动关系：从属连词 + 过去分词 when/while/as + doing（主动） if/once + done（被动） When (he was) walking, he met a friend. If (it is) heated, water turns to steam. 从句含 it is 省略 it is，保留 “从属连词 + adj / 分词” if/unless + adj/done Unless (it is) necessary, don’t call. Once (it is) finished, the report will be sent. before/after 后接动词 不可接不定式，只能接动名词（作宾语） before/after + doing After (he finished) finishing homework, he watched TV. Before (it is) being submitted, the file must be checked. 注意事项： 1. 主语不一致不可省略：若主从句主语不同，省略后会导致逻辑错误（错误：When walking, a friend met him；正确：When he was walking, a friend met him）； 2. 被动关系需用过去分词：不可用现在分词（错误：If heating, water turns to steam；正确：If heated, water turns to steam）； 3. before/after 后无不定式：这是高频错误（错误：After to finish homework…；正确：After finishing homework…）。 【对点练习】在空格处填入一个适当的单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空 1. When ________ (walk) along the street yesterday afternoon, I saw a cute little cat. 2. Water will turn into ice if ________ (keep) in a place with low temperature. 3. After ________ (finish) his English report, he began to prepare for the next exam. 4. Unless ________ (necessary), you don’t need to come to the office on weekends. 5. While ________ (wait) for the bus at the stop this morning, she met her classmate. 一、语法填空：在空格处填入一个适当的单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空 1．（2025·江苏南京·一模）Jingdezhen has a fascinating and storied history, of which I knew little ____ I had the opportunity to visit it recently. (用适当的词填空) 2．（2022高三·上海·专题练习）I wish my house would be built we can enjoy beautiful scenery with mountains and rivers. (用适当的词填空) 3．（2023高三·上海·专题练习）As a matter of fact, I began playing football I was only eight years old, and I have been good at it. (用适当的词填空) 4．（2022高三·上海·专题练习）But right now, we are in a socially awkward time of handshake uncertainty, some people are comfortable shaking hands and some are not. (用适当的词填空) 5．（2022高三·上海·专题练习）“We listen to our elders about some stuff we have to protect if we don’t put it out there, we lose what it gives to us — you know, we lost that power it gives us,” she said. (用适当的词填空) 6．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）I went up to my new teammate and introduced myself. He looked at me as I weren’t there. (用适当的词填空) 7．（2022高三·上海·专题练习）The 2008 ceremony boasted large-scale performances displaying traditional Chinese culture, while this year’s was centered around natural performances from ordinary people, Zhang sought to deliver Chinese style in a different way. (用适当的词填空) 8．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）I don’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary most people do. (用适当的词填空) 9．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）The Government’s sugar tax on soft drinks has brought in half as much money Ministers first predicted it would generate, the first official data on the policy has shown. (用适当的词填空) 10．（2025·江苏南京·一模）It will be several years the full impact of the recent technological advancements in artificial intelligence is fully understood. (用适当的词填空) 11．（2025高三上·全国·专题练习） more I learn a language, the smarter my brain will be. (所给词的适当形式填空) 12．（2026高三·全国·专题练习）If you happen to get lost in the wild, you’d better stay you are and wait for help. (用适当的词填空) 13．（2023高三·上海·专题练习）The little boy wouldn’t leave the shop he bought what he wanted. (用适当的词填空) 14．（2025高三·全国·专题练习） there is strong and coordinated anti-nuclear opinion, governments must win support by showing there are better safeguards against accidents and new ways to store waste, as our report from Finland explains. (用适当的词填空) 15．（2025高三·全国·专题练习） trial-and-error was used, the cockatoos did better than monkeys in similar tests. (用适当的词填空) Passage 1 （2025·北京·高考真题）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 When 1 (travel), we engage with cultures and experiences. However, according to a report by the World Wildlife Fund, tourists 2 (leave) over 1.3 billion tons of food waste last year, 3 accounted for about 8% of the total global gas release in 2024. To reduce our impact, we can take simple steps: empty the fridge before heading out, and choose sustainable dining options. These efforts help us travel more responsibly. After all, exploring the world shouldn’t come 4 the planet’s expense. Passage 2 （2024·北京·高考真题）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 One day, I saw a boy walking along George Street with an armful of books. I thought 1 myself, “Why would he carry all his books? ” Just then, some kids ran at him, 2 (knock) his books out of his arms. His glasses went flying and landed in the grass. My heart went out to him, and I 3 (jog) over to him. As I handed him the glasses, he looked at me and said, “Thanks!” Passage 3 （2024·新课标Ⅱ卷·高考真题）阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, 1 is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown. Tang and Shakespeare were contemporaries and both died in 1616. Although they could never have met, there are common 2 (theme) in their works, said Paul Edmondson, head of research for the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust. “Some of the things that Tang was writing about 3 (be) also Shakespeare’s concerns. I happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways 4 Romeo and Juliet.” A statue commemorating Shakespeare and Tang was put up at Shakespeare’s Birthplace Garden in 2017. Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, 5 (inspire)by The Peony Pavilion, 6 (build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace. Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international 7 (visible), said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed 8 (find)the connection between the two great writers. 9 (recall)watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s play Richard III in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language 10 see how Tang’s play was being performed.” Passage 4 （2023·浙江·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Terracotta Warriors exhibition opens in Spain The Archaeological Museum of Alicante opened on Tuesday 1 unique exhibition of China’s renowned Terracotta Warriors, known as the “ 2 (eight) Wonder of the World.” The exhibition 3 (title) “The Legend of China’s Qin and Han Dynasties” and open to public between Wednesday and January 28, 2024, showcases more than 120pieces from nine Chinese museums. The exhibition is divided into three galleries 4 showcase the history of the unification of China by Emperor Qin Shi Huang, his tomb, and the 5 (mystery) Terracotta Warriors. The museum uses advanced technology to create an immersive exhibition space 6 (use) light, music, and scent. Curator of the exhibition Marcos Martinon-Torres, an archaeologist and professor at the University of Cambridge, said the exhibition would provide an “unforgettable experience” for thousands of visitors. The exhibition is part of a series of activities intended 7 the China-Spain Year of Culture and Tourism. Apart from the 10 life-size Terracotta Warriors and horses, it also features gold and silver, bronze, pottery, and jade cultural relics. At the opening ceremony on Tuesday, Carlos Mazon, president of Alicante provincial council, called the exhibition “a 8 (history) moment.” He said his province “will become a cultural center in Europe in the next ten months, 9 it is the first time that the Chinese Terracotta Warriors 10 (exhibit) abroad since the (COVID-19)pandemic.” Passage 5 （2024·广西贵港·模拟预测）阅读下面材料，在空格处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或使用括号中单词的正确形式。 The need for speed is so deeply rooted in modern society that we often forget to press pause and think about the things that get 1 (good) with time: antiques, aged wine, long-term relationships and expertise over the years. Peking Opera is a slow process too. 2 an often-repeated saying goes, one minute on stage takes ten years of practice. It’s a reminder of its high standards, which ensure that any performance 3 (do) the way the forefathers wanted it. Peking Opera is 4 (demand) because of the extensive list of skills it requires. A performer is an actor, singer, dancer, acrobat, mime and martial artist all rolled into one. They’re also expected 5 (apply) delicate make-up, put on heavy costumes and, depending on their character, perform on stage 6 15cm platform shoes. There is so much to take in that disciples (学徒) usually start their career as young children, spending years 7 (train) their bodies and minds for the stage. So what chance does 8 theatre beginner with little patience and zero flexibility like me stand against Peking Opera? Do I have 9 it takes to put on a successful show? There’s only one way to find out: I’m rolling up my sleeves and training under the 10 (guide) of senior stage masters in the field. Passage 6 （2023·湖北黄冈·二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Discoveries made during the latest excavation of Pit No.1 at the Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang, China’s first emperor, have allowed Chinese archaeologists to gain more insight into 1 the world-famous Terracotta Warriors and their weapons were made. According to a recent report archaeologists 2 (restore) more than 140 Terracotta Warriors. They discovered that the arms of these figures were created separately and then attached to the bodies and covered in a layer of fine clay. The carving of fine details was completed 3 the arms were attached. 4 (additional), the pit has yielded a variety of weapons, including long-range attack weapons, shields for defense, as well as drums and drumsticks used for commanding soldiers. “The Terracotta Warriors used a very special mechanism to connect pieces together. Such 5 (wise) was unique to China,” Lv Qiuxia, 6 expert on ancient Chinese art, told the Global Times on Wednesday. Lv added that the way the warriors were made differed based on their social status and class. “When 7 (analyze) how they were made, we noticed that the warriors were divided into different classes. This contributes to research 8 the burial culture of the Terracotta Warriors.” the expert noted. Through excavations, Chinese researchers have established the types and arrangement of weapons 9 (use) by the Terracotta Warriors as well as the formations and patterns of the 10 (mystery) underground army. Passage 7 （2023·辽宁沈阳·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 “A barbecue restaurant owner I know told me to come back on Monday, so as to leave the weekends to out-of-town visitors,” said Huang Yang, a native of Zibo city in Shandong province 1 works outside his hometown. He recently returned home for a visit and wanted to have some barbecue, 2 he failed to find seats in four different restaurants. Thanks to social media recommendations, Zibo has 3 (wide) spread on Chinese social media platforms. Videos on sites such as Xiaohongshu show thousands of people traveling to the city to try its local barbecue, which they say 4 (wrap) in a pancake and has a “distinct taste”. Taking advantage of the barbecue craze, Zibo has gone all out to promote local tourism resources, while 5 (work) to ensure the safety of visitors and the quality of tourism products. To provide visitors 6 a happy experience, market regulators have carried out inspections on barbecue restaurants to ensure food safety. 7 number of patrol (巡逻) personnel has been increased to ensure visitors’ safety. The local government has released a map of barbecue joints and added 21 new bus routes 8 (make) urban transportation easier. The latest promotion has given visitors free 9 (admit) to scenic spots as long as their destination is Zibo. According to data from on-demand service platform Meituan, Zibo has seen an 800 percent increase in accommodation bookings for the upcoming holiday 10 (compare) to 2019, ranking first in Shandong province in terms of growth rate. Passage 8 （2023·山东日照·三模）阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式. During the May Day holiday, numerous messages of people looking for dazi, or activity partners for traveling, 1 (post) on the social media platform Xiaohongshu. Earlier this year, several dazi-related topics were among the most searched-for hashtags on Sin a Weibo, 2 (stimulate) heated discussions among young people. In some ways, activities using dazi have become 3 new form of social communication. 4 friendships, the concept of dazi is more customizable (定制的). It is 5 (definite) centered on companionship fields. The idea is simple — random individuals come together 6 (join) in an activity they all enjoy. With one or several dazi, people can experience deeper fun in the activities they are interested in. In addition to the 7 (share) interests, another major advantage of dazi compared to normal relationships 8 (be) its simplicity, some dazi are only temporary, but even longer-lasting ones are cast in the same mould (模式), where the topics discussed tend to be focused and relaxed. “ 9 my meal dazi doesn’t go to school someday, I’ll not be so sad for the rest of the day.” said Shi Zhimin, a 17-year-old student from Shanxi province. “Traditional friendships require a lot of time and emotion to maintain, 10 having a dazi means not needing to carry those burdens,” she added. 14 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $高考核心语法·精练 第4讲 状语从句-2 2026年高考英语语法专项突破（全国通用） （语法讲义+模拟练习+真题操练） 内容提要 思维导图 表格呈现 对点练习 单题突破 综合提升 一、状语从句基础分类及引导词表 此表格梳理文档中状语从句的核心分类与对应引导词，明确 “从句功能 - 引导词” 的匹配关系，是区分不同类型状语从句的基础框架。 类型 常见引导词 核心功能（表逻辑关系） 时间状语从句 when/while/as, after/before, since, till/until, every time/next time, the moment/the minute/instant 表动作发生的时间（时间点、时间段、先后顺序等） 原因状语从句 because, as, since, now that, in that, seeing that/considering that/given that 表主句动作发生的原因或理由 方式状语从句 as, as if/as though 表主句动作的执行方式或状态（“正如”“仿佛”） 地点状语从句 where 表主句动作发生的地点（具体或抽象地点） 比较状语从句 as…as…, than, the + 比较级 + …, the + 比较级 + … 表人或事物之间的程度、数量比较 注意事项： 1. 引导词不可混用：需根据逻辑关系选择，如表 “时间” 不可用 “because”（原因引导词），表 “原因” 不可用 “where”（地点引导词）（错误：I stayed home where I was tired；正确：I stayed home because I was tired）； 2. 部分引导词跨类型：如 “as” 可引导时间、原因、方式状语从句，需结合语境判断（如 “As he grew up, he became brave” 表时间；“As he was brave, he helped others” 表原因）。 【对点练习】在空格处填入一个适当的单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空 1. ________ he carefully finished his math homework, he started to watch his favorite TV show. 【答案】After 【解析】考查时间状语从句引导词。句意：认真完成数学作业后，他开始看自己最喜欢的电视节目。根据表格 “时间状语从句” 功能及引导词规则，表 “在…… 之后” 需用引导词 after，句首首字母大写，故填 After。 2. She decided to take a walk in the park ________ the weather outside was quite fine. 【答案】because 【解析】考查原因状语从句引导词。句意：因为外面天气很好，她决定去公园散步。根据表格 “原因状语从句” 功能及引导词规则，表 “直接原因” 需用引导词 because，故填 because。 3. You should do exactly ________ the teacher tells you to if you want to get good grades. 【答案】as 【解析】考查方式状语从句引导词。句意：如果你想取得好成绩，就应该严格按照老师说的去做。根据表格 “方式状语从句” 功能及引导词规则，表 “正如、按照” 需用引导词 as，故填 as。 4. Plants usually grow well ________ there is plenty of sunlight and fresh water. 【答案】where 【解析】考查地点状语从句引导词。句意：在阳光和淡水充足的地方，植物通常长得很好。根据表格 “地点状语从句” 功能及引导词规则，表 “在…… 地方” 需用引导词 where，故填 where。 5. This short story is ________ interesting ________ the one I read last week in class. 【答案】as; as 【解析】考查比较状语从句引导词。句意：这个短篇故事和我上周在课堂上读的那个一样有趣。根据表格 “比较状语从句（原级比较）” 规则，表 “和…… 一样……” 需用 “as+adj.+as” 结构，故填 as; as。 二、时间状语从句核心引导词用法表 此表格聚焦时间状语从句的 6 类核心引导词，梳理其语义、时态规则及特殊句型，覆盖文档 “知能解读 02” 的核心考点，解决 “when/while/as 区别”“since 延续性动词用法” 等难点。 引导词 语义与核心规则 时态要求 示例 when/ while/as 1. when：表 “当…… 时”，可接时间点（瞬时动词）或时间段（延续动词） 2. while：表 “在…… 期间”，仅接延续动词，可表主从句动作对比 3. as：表 “随着”，强调主从句动作同时发生 主从句时态一致（现 / 过）；while 从句常用进行时 When the bell rang, we rushed out. While she read, I wrote. As the sun rose, the fog cleared. after/ before 1. after：表 “在…… 之后”，从句动作先于主句 2. before：表 “在…… 之前”，可译 “趁……”“还没来得及” 3. 特殊句型：It will be/was + 时间段 + before（“过多久才……”） after 从句用过去时，主句用过去完成时；before 从句时态依语境 After he left, I started working. It will be a week before the exam. He left before I could say goodbye. since 1. 表 “自从…… 以来”，从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时 2. 特殊句型：It is + 时间段 + since 3. 从句为延续动词时，表 “动作结束以来” 从句：一般过去时；主句：现在完成时 I have lived here since I graduated. It is 3 years since we met. She hasn’t called since she lived here.（“不住这里后”） till/until 1. 表 “直到…… 为止”，till 口语不用于句首，until 可用于句首 2. 否定句（not…until）：表 “直到…… 才” 3. “Not until” 句首：主句需部分倒装 肯定句：主句用延续动词；否定句：主句用瞬时动词 He waited until she came. He didn’t leave until she came. Not until she came did he leave.（倒装） 名词短语（every time/the moment 等） 1. 常见短语：every time/next time/the first time, the moment/the minute 2. 直接接从句，无需加 when 依语境用现 / 过去时 Every time I see her, I smile. The moment she arrived, she called me. “一…… 就……” 系列 1. as soon as（标准型，主将从现） 2. the moment/minute（名词型） 3. immediately/instantly（副词型） 4. on doing（介词型） 5. no sooner…than…/hardly…when…（倒装型，主句过去完成时） 倒装型：主句过去完成时；其他：主将从现 / 过去时 As soon as he came, we started. On arriving, he called. No sooner had he come than we started. 注意事项： 1. while 从句需用延续动词：不可接瞬时动词（错误：While the bell rang…；正确：When the bell rang…）； 2. since 延续动词表 “动作结束”：这是高频易错点（如 “since she lived here” 表 “她不住这里后”，非 “住这里期间”）； 3. “no sooner…than…” 需倒装：“no sooner” 位于句首时，主句助动词 had 提前（错误：No sooner he had come…；正确：No sooner had he come…）。 【对点练习】在空格处填入一个适当的单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空 1. ________ I was walking slowly in the park yesterday, I met an old friend of mine. 【答案】While/As/When 【解析】考查时间状语从句引导词（when/while/as）。句意：昨天我在公园慢慢散步时，遇到了我的一位老朋友。“散步” 是延续性动作，结合表格规则，when/while/as 均可引导表 “当…… 时” 的时间状语从句，句首首字母大写，故填 While/As/When。 2. It ________ (be) three years since we last met each other at the school gate last term. 【答案】is 【解析】考查时间状语从句引导词（since）。句意：自从上学期我们在学校门口最后一次见面，已经过去三年了。根据表格 “since” 的用法规则，“It is + 时间段 + since…” 为固定句型，主句用一般现在时，故填 is。 3. He didn’t go to bed ________ his parents came back home from work last night. 【答案】until 【解析】考查时间状语从句引导词（till/until）。句意：昨晚直到父母下班回家，他才去睡觉。根据表格 “not…until” 表 “直到…… 才” 的规则，此处需用 until，故填 until。 4. The moment she ________ (arrive) at the airport this morning, she called her family. 【答案】arrived 【解析】考查时间状语从句引导词（名词短语）。句意：今天早上她一到机场，就给家人打了电话。根据表格 “the moment” 直接接从句的规则，结合 “this morning” 可知时态为一般过去时，故填 arrived。 5. No sooner ________ he ________ (enter) the classroom than the bell rang. 【答案】had; entered 【解析】考查时间状语从句 “一…… 就……” 系列（no sooner…than…）。句意：他刚进教室，铃声就响了。根据表格规则，“no sooner” 位于句首时主句需用过去完成时且部分倒装，助动词 had 提前，故填 had; entered。 三、原因状语从句引导词用法表 此表格梳理原因状语从句的 5 类引导词，明确其语气强度、位置及语义差异。 引导词 语气 位置特点 核心语义与用法 示例 because 最强 多位于主句后，回答 why 提问时可位于句首 表直接、核心原因，不可与 so 连用 He didn’t go because he was ill. —Why didn’t he go? —Because he was ill. as 较弱 多位于主句前，可位于主句后 表 “由于”，原因较明显，可与 since 互换 As it rained, we stayed home. We stayed home as it rained. since 较弱 多位于主句前 表 “既然”，引导已知事实或显而易见的原因 Since everyone is here, let’s start. now that 较弱 多位于主句前 表 “既然”，比 since 更口语化，强调 “现在既然” Now that you’re here, let’s talk. in that/seeing that in that 较强；seeing that 较弱 in that 仅位于主句后；seeing that 可前可后 1. in that：正式用语，表 “因为”（=because） 2. seeing that：表 “鉴于”，口语化 He is good in that he works hard. Seeing that it’s late, we should go. 注意事项： 1. because 不可与 so 连用：二者均表逻辑关系，不可同时使用（错误：Because he was ill, so he didn’t go；正确：Because he was ill, he didn’t go）； 2. in that 仅用于正式文体：不可用于口语，且必须位于主句之后（错误：In that he works hard, he is good；正确：He is good in that he works hard）； 3. since/now that 表 “已知原因”：不可用于回答 why 提问（错误：—Why start? —Since everyone is here；正确：—Why start? —Because everyone is here）。 【对点练习】在空格处填入一个适当的单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空 1. He didn’t attend the important meeting ________ he was seriously ill in hospital. 【答案】because 【解析】考查原因状语从句引导词（because）。句意：他没有参加这个重要的会议，因为他在医院得了重病。根据表格规则，because 表直接原因，可回答 why 提问，此处符合语境，故填 because。 2. ________ it rained heavily outside, we had to cancel our plan to go hiking. 【答案】As 【解析】考查原因状语从句引导词（as）。句意：由于外面下着大雨，我们不得不取消去徒步旅行的计划。根据表格规则，as 表 “由于”，语气较弱且多位于句首，故填 As。 3. ________ everyone has arrived at the meeting room, let’s start our discussion now. 【答案】Since 【解析】考查原因状语从句引导词（since）。句意：既然所有人都已经到了会议室，我们现在就开始讨论吧。根据表格规则，since 表 “既然”，引导已知事实，多位于句首，故填 Since。 4. ________ you have finished all your homework, you can spend some time reading books. 【答案】Now that 【解析】考查原因状语从句引导词（now that）。句意：既然你已经完成了所有作业，就可以花些时间看书了。根据表格规则，now that 表 “既然”，比 since 更口语化，强调 “现在既然”，故填 Now that。 5. This new method is better ________ it can help us save a lot of time in work. 【答案】in that 【解析】考查原因状语从句引导词（in that）。句意：这种新方法更好，因为它能帮助我们在工作中节省很多时间。根据表格规则，in that 为正式用语，表 “因为” 且仅位于主句后，故填 in that。 四、方式与地点状语从句用法表 此表格分别梳理方式、地点状语从句的引导词规则，明确 “as 与 as if 区别”“where 与定语从句差异” 。 类型 引导词 核心规则 示例 方式状语从句 as 1. 表 “正如……”“就像……”，位于主句后 2. 常与 do, say 等动词搭配，表 “按…… 方式做” Do as I told you. She speaks as her mother does. as if/as though 1. 可互换，表 “仿佛…… 似的” 2. 从句用虚拟语气（与事实相反）或陈述语气（可能属实） 3. 虚拟语气：与现在相反用过去时，与过去相反用过去完成时 He acts as if he were a king.（虚拟） It looks as if it will rain.（陈述） 地点状语从句 where 1. 表 “在…… 的地方”，无先行词（区别于定语从句） 2. 可修饰抽象地点（opportunity/situation 等） 3. 不可用 “介词 + which” 替换（无先行词） Go where you like. He found a job where he could use English. Opportunity lies where you look for it.（抽象地点） 注意事项： 1. as if 虚拟语气时态：与现在相反用过去时（be 动词用 were），与过去相反用过去完成时（错误：He acts as if he is a king；正确：He acts as if he were a king）； 2. where 区分状语从句与定语从句：状语从句无先行词，定语从句前有表地点的先行词（错误：This is the city where I lived there；正确：This is the city where I lived（定语从句）/I lived where the city is（状语从句））； 3. 抽象地点用 where：如 opportunity/situation/stage 等词后，可用 where 引导地点状语从句（错误：Opportunity lies in which you look for it；正确：Opportunity lies where you look for it）。 【对点练习】在空格处填入一个适当的单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空 1. Please do exactly ________ the teacher told you to when you do the chemistry experiment. 【答案】as 【解析】考查方式状语从句引导词（as）。句意：做化学实验时，请严格按照老师教你的去做。根据表格规则，as 表 “正如、按照”，常与 do 搭配，位于主句后，故填 as。 2. He talks and acts ________ he were the boss of this small company. 【答案】as if/as though 【解析】考查方式状语从句引导词（as if/as though）。句意：他说话做事的样子，仿佛自己是这家小公司的老板。根据表格规则，as if/as though 表 “仿佛”，从句与事实相反用虚拟语气（be 动词用 were），故填 as if/as though。 3. You can go ________ you want to visit during this summer vacation. 【答案】where 【解析】考查地点状语从句引导词（where）。句意：这个暑假，你可以去任何你想去参观的地方。根据表格规则，where 表 “在…… 地方”，无先行词，符合语境，故填 where。 4. We should build more parks ________ people can relax and enjoy their free time. 【答案】where 【解析】考查地点状语从句引导词（where）。句意：我们应该建造更多人们可以放松、享受空闲时间的公园。根据表格规则，where 可修饰抽象地点相关场景，此处表 “在公园这个地方”，故填 where。 5. The old man behaves ________ he has known us for many years. 【答案】as if/as though 【解析】考查方式状语从句引导词（as if/as though）。句意：这位老人表现得仿佛已经认识我们很多年了。根据表格规则，as if/as though 表 “仿佛”，此处从句表 “可能属实的情况”，用陈述语气，故填 as if/as though。 五、比较状语从句用法表 此表格梳理 3 类比较状语从句的结构、规则及易错点。 类型 引导词 核心规则 示例 原级比较 as…as… 1. 表 “和…… 一样……”，第一个 as 为副词，第二个为连词 2. 中间接 adj/adv 原级，可接 “as+adj+a (n)+ 单名 + as” 3. 否定式：not so…as… She is as tall as me. It is as interesting a book as that one. He isn’t so careful as his sister. 比较级比较 than 1. 前接 adj/adv 比较级，从句可省略重复成分 2. 比较对象需一致（不可用 “人” 与 “物” 对比） 3. “more than” 表 “不仅仅” This is bigger than that (one). He runs faster than I (do). She is more than a teacher.（不仅仅） 倍数比较 the + 比较级…, the + 比较级… 1. 表 “越…… 就越……”，前半句为从句，后半句为主句 2. 非正式语境可省略主谓语，仅用 “the + 比较级，the + 比较级” 3. 比较级前可加程度副词（much/a little） The harder you work, the better you get. The more, the better.（省略） The much earlier you come, the more seats you get. 注意事项： 1. as…as 不可接比较级：这是高频错误（错误：She is as taller as me；正确：She is as tall as me）； 2. 比较对象需一致：不可用 “人” 与 “物” 对比（错误：My book is more interesting than you；正确：My book is more interesting than yours）； 3. the + 比较级句型不可倒装：从句与主句均用陈述句语序（错误：The harder you work, the better do you get；正确：The harder you work, the better you get）。 【对点练习】在空格处填入一个适当的单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空 1. This little girl is ________ tall ________ her elder sister who is two years older. 【答案】as; as 【解析】考查比较状语从句（原级比较）。句意：这个小女孩和比她大两岁的姐姐一样高。根据表格规则，“as+adj.+as” 表 “和…… 一样……”，故填 as; as。 2. This new mobile phone is more expensive ________ the one my brother bought last month. 【答案】than 【解析】考查比较状语从句（比较级比较）。句意：这款新手机比我哥哥上个月买的那部更贵。根据表格规则，比较级后接 than 表 “比……”，故填 than。 3. The ________ (hard) you study for the exam, the better grades you will get in the end. 【答案】harder 【解析】考查比较状语从句（the + 比较级…the + 比较级…）。句意：你为考试学习越努力，最终取得的成绩就会越好。根据表格规则，“the + 比较级…the + 比较级…” 表 “越…… 越……”，hard 的比较级为 harder，故填 harder。 4. This novel is not ________ interesting ________ the one I read during the winter holiday. 【答案】so; as 【解析】考查比较状语从句（原级比较否定式）。句意：这本小说不如我寒假读的那本有趣。根据表格规则，原级比较的否定式为 “not so+adj.+as”，故填 so; as。 5. It is ________ interesting a film ________ many students want to watch it a second time. 【答案】as; as 【解析】考查比较状语从句（as+adj.+a (n)+ 单名 + as）。句意：这是一部非常有趣的电影，很多学生都想再看一遍。根据表格规则，“as+adj.+a (n)+ 单名 + as” 为原级比较特殊结构，故填 as; as。 六、状语从句省略用法表 此表格梳理状语从句的省略规则、常见结构及特殊提醒。 省略场景 核心规则 常见结构 示例 主从句主语一致 + 含 be 动词 省略从句的主语和 be 动词，保留 “从属连词 + 分词” 1. 主动关系：从属连词 + 现在分词 2. 被动关系：从属连词 + 过去分词 when/while/as + doing（主动） if/once + done（被动） When (he was) walking, he met a friend. If (it is) heated, water turns to steam. 从句含 it is 省略 it is，保留 “从属连词 + adj / 分词” if/unless + adj/done Unless (it is) necessary, don’t call. Once (it is) finished, the report will be sent. before/after 后接动词 不可接不定式，只能接动名词（作宾语） before/after + doing After (he finished) finishing homework, he watched TV. Before (it is) being submitted, the file must be checked. 注意事项： 1. 主语不一致不可省略：若主从句主语不同，省略后会导致逻辑错误（错误：When walking, a friend met him；正确：When he was walking, a friend met him）； 2. 被动关系需用过去分词：不可用现在分词（错误：If heating, water turns to steam；正确：If heated, water turns to steam）； 3. before/after 后无不定式：这是高频错误（错误：After to finish homework…；正确：After finishing homework…）。 【对点练习】在空格处填入一个适当的单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空 1. When ________ (walk) along the street yesterday afternoon, I saw a cute little cat. 【答案】walking 【解析】考查状语从句省略（主动关系）。句意：昨天下午沿着街道走的时候，我看到了一只可爱的小猫。根据表格规则，主从句主语一致（均为 I），I 与 walk 为主动关系，省略主语和 be 动词，用 “连词 + 现在分词”，故填 walking。 2. Water will turn into ice if ________ (keep) in a place with low temperature. 【答案】kept 【解析】考查状语从句省略（被动关系）。句意：如果把水放在温度低的地方，它会变成冰。根据表格规则，主从句主语一致（均为 water），water 与 keep 为被动关系，省略主语和 be 动词，用 “连词 + 过去分词”，故填 kept。 3. After ________ (finish) his English report, he began to prepare for the next exam. 【答案】finishing 【解析】考查状语从句省略（before/after 后接动名词）。句意：完成英语报告后，他开始准备下一场考试。根据表格规则，after 后接动词需用动名词形式，故填 finishing。 4. Unless ________ (necessary), you don’t need to come to the office on weekends. 【答案】necessary 【解析】考查状语从句省略（从句含 it is）。句意：除非有必要，否则你周末不需要来办公室。根据表格规则，从句含 it is，可省略 it is，保留形容词 necessary，故填 necessary。 5. While ________ (wait) for the bus at the stop this morning, she met her classmate. 【答案】waiting 【解析】考查状语从句省略（主动关系）。句意：今天早上在公交站等车的时候，她遇到了自己的同学。根据表格规则，主从句主语一致（均为 she），she 与 wait 为主动关系，省略主语和 be 动词，用 “连词 + 现在分词”，故填 waiting。 一、语法填空：在空格处填入一个适当的单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空 1．（2025·江苏南京·一模）Jingdezhen has a fascinating and storied history, of which I knew little ____ I had the opportunity to visit it recently. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】until 【详解】考查连词。句意：景德镇有着迷人且富有传奇色彩的历史，我对它知之甚少，直到我最近有机会去参观它，。until表示“直到……才”，引导时间状语从句，符合句子逻辑，即去参观之前对其了解少。故填until。 2．（2022高三·上海·专题练习）I wish my house would be built we can enjoy beautiful scenery with mountains and rivers. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】where 【详解】考查地点状语从句。句意：我希望我的房子能建在我们可以欣赏山水美景的地方。分析句子可知，句子缺少built后面的地点状语，空处应用where引导地点状语从句，表示“……的地方”。故填where。 3．（2023高三·上海·专题练习）As a matter of fact, I began playing football I was only eight years old, and I have been good at it. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】when 【详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：事实上，我八岁的时候就开始踢足球了，而且一直踢得很好。由句意可知空处应填引导词when，引导时间状语从句。故填when。 4．（2022高三·上海·专题练习）But right now, we are in a socially awkward time of handshake uncertainty, some people are comfortable shaking hands and some are not. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】when/ as/because /since 【详解】考查定语从句/状语从句。句意：但现在，我们正处于一个握手不确定的社交尴尬时期，有些人握手很舒服，有些人则不舒服。分析句子结构，空处可引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词time，先行词指时间，关系词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导从句；结合语意，空处可表原因，使用连词as/because/since引导原因状语从句，表示“因为”，均符合句意。故填when/as/because/since。 5．（2022高三·上海·专题练习）“We listen to our elders about some stuff we have to protect if we don’t put it out there, we lose what it gives to us — you know, we lost that power it gives us,” she said. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】because 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：她说：“我们听长辈说一些我们必须保护的东西，因为如果我们不把它放在那里，我们就会失去它给我们的东西，你知道，我们失去了它给我们的力量。”根据句意，空白前后句子完整，且是因果关系，“if we don’t put it out there, we lose what it gives to us”是“some stuff we have to protect”的原因，所以用从属连词because引导原因状语从句。故填because。 6．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）I went up to my new teammate and introduced myself. He looked at me as I weren’t there. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】if/though 【详解】考查方式状语从句。句意：我走向我的新队友，做了自我介绍。可他看我的样子，就好像我根本不存在似的。as if /as though为固定搭配，意为“好像、仿佛”，引导方式状语从句。故填if或though。 7．（2022高三·上海·专题练习）The 2008 ceremony boasted large-scale performances displaying traditional Chinese culture, while this year’s was centered around natural performances from ordinary people, Zhang sought to deliver Chinese style in a different way. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】because/since/as/for 【详解】考查原因状语从句。句意：2008年的颁奖典礼亮点在于展示中国传统文化的大型表演，而今年的颁奖典礼则以普通人的自然表演为中心，因为张艺谋想要尝试用不同的方式展现中国风格。分析句意可知，空处及之后从逻辑上是在解释上句的原因，所以空处应用连词because/since/as/for，表示“因为”，引导原因状语从句。故填because/since/as/for。 8．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）I don’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary most people do. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】as 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：我不想像大多数人那样把一连串的事实记在日记里。引导方式状语从句，表示“像……一样”应用as。故填as。 9．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）The Government’s sugar tax on soft drinks has brought in half as much money Ministers first predicted it would generate, the first official data on the policy has shown. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】as 【详解】考查比较状语从句。句意：官方首次公布的政策数据显示，政府对软饮料征收的糖税带来的收入，仅为大臣们最初预测的一半。此处为as...as...固定搭配，意为“和……一样”，空格处的as引导比较状语从句。故填as。 10．（2025·江苏南京·一模）It will be several years the full impact of the recent technological advancements in artificial intelligence is fully understood. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】before 【详解】考查固定句型和时间状语从句。句意：要过几年，人们才能完全理解人工智能近期技术进步的全部影响。分析句子可知，此处为固定句型“It will be + 一段时间 + before...”，意为“要过多久才……”，满足句意要求。before引导时间状语从句。故填before。 11．（2025高三上·全国·专题练习） more I learn a language, the smarter my brain will be. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】The 【详解】考查比较状语从句。句意：我对一门语言学得越多，我的大脑就会越聪明。分析句子可知，此处为“the + 比较级，the + 比较级”引导的比较状语从句，意为“越……，就越……”，句首单词首字母需大写。故填The。 12．（2026高三·全国·专题练习）If you happen to get lost in the wild, you’d better stay you are and wait for help. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】where 【详解】考查地点状语从句。句意：如果你碰巧在野外迷路了，你最好待在原地等待救援。分析句子结构可知，stay 在句中为不及物动词，空处应是地点状语从句的引导词，用以表明stay这一动作发生的地点，应用where引导。故填 where。 13．（2023高三·上海·专题练习）The little boy wouldn’t leave the shop he bought what he wanted. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】until 【详解】考查连词。句意：这个小男孩直到买了他想要的东西才离开商店。not…until…“直到……才……”是固定句型，符合句意，故用until引导时间状语从句。故填until。 14．（2025高三·全国·专题练习） there is strong and coordinated anti-nuclear opinion, governments must win support by showing there are better safeguards against accidents and new ways to store waste, as our report from Finland explains. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】 Where that 【详解】考查地点状语从句和宾语从句。句意：正如我们在芬兰的报道所解释的那样，在存在强烈而协调一致的反核意见的地方，政府必须通过展示有更好的事故防范措施和储存废物的新方法来赢得支持。分析句子可知，该句第一空根据语境“在有强烈且协调一致的反核舆论的地方，政府必须……”，此处需要表示“在…… 地方”的引导词，因此用“Where”引导地点状语从句，强调“在存在反核舆论的场所 / 情况下”。该句第二空“showing”后接宾语从句，从句“there are better safeguards... and new ways to store waste”是完整的陈述句，不缺成分，因此用“that”引导，仅起连接作用，无实际意义。故分别填Where；that。 15．（2025高三·全国·专题练习） trial-and-error was used, the cockatoos did better than monkeys in similar tests. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】Where 【详解】考查地点状语从句。句意：在使用试错法的情况下，凤头鹦鹉在类似的测试中比猴子做得更好。该空引导地点状语从句，表示“在使用试错法的地方”，用连接副词where在从句中表示地点。故填where。 Passage 1 （2025·北京·高考真题）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 When 1 (travel), we engage with cultures and experiences. However, according to a report by the World Wildlife Fund, tourists 2 (leave) over 1.3 billion tons of food waste last year, 3 accounted for about 8% of the total global gas release in 2024. To reduce our impact, we can take simple steps: empty the fridge before heading out, and choose sustainable dining options. These efforts help us travel more responsibly. After all, exploring the world shouldn’t come 4 the planet’s expense. 【答案】1. traveling/travelling 2. left 3. which 4. at 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章指出旅行时人们会接触不同文化和经历，但据世界野生动物基金会报告，去年游客产生大量食物垃圾，对全球气体排放有影响。为减少影响，人们可采取如出发前清空冰箱、选择可持续餐饮等简单措施，强调探索世界不应以牺牲地球为代价。 1. 考查非谓语动词。句意：旅行时，我们接触不同文化和体验不同经历。句子主语“we”与“travel”之间是主动关系，用现在分词，构成“when+现在分词”的状语从句省略结构。故填traveling或travelling。 2. 考查时态。句意：然而，根据世界野生动物基金会的一份报告，去年游客产生了超过13亿吨的食物垃圾，这约占2024年全球气体排放总量的8%。根据“last year”可知，描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，“leave”的过去式是“left”。故填left。 3. 考查定语从句关系代词。句意：然而，根据世界野生动物基金会的一份报告，去年游客留下了超过13亿吨的食物垃圾，约占2024年全球气体排放总量的8%。此句为非限制性定语从句，先行词是“1.3 billion tons of food waste”，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，用which引导。故填which。 4. 考查固定搭配。句意：毕竟，探索世界不应以牺牲地球为代价。at one’s expense“以…… 为代价”是固定搭配。故填at。 Passage 2 （2024·北京·高考真题）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 One day, I saw a boy walking along George Street with an armful of books. I thought 1 myself, “Why would he carry all his books? ” Just then, some kids ran at him, 2 (knock) his books out of his arms. His glasses went flying and landed in the grass. My heart went out to him, and I 3 (jog) over to him. As I handed him the glasses, he looked at me and said, “Thanks!” 【答案】1. to 2. knocking 3. jogged 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者为一个掉落东西的男孩提供帮助的故事。 1. 考查介词。句意：我心想，“他为什么要把所有的书都拿着？”think to oneself为固定搭配，表示“心想，暗想”，符合语境。故填to。 2. 考查非谓语动词。句意：就在这时，一些孩子朝他跑来，把他的书从他怀里撞了出来。句中已有谓语ran，空处作非谓语动词，knock与逻辑主语some kids之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式knocking作状语。故填knocking。 3. 考查时态。句意：我很同情他，然后朝他慢跑过去。句中and连接并列句，空处作后句谓语，根据句中went可知，此处描述过去发生的事，句子使用一般过去时，动词使用过去式形式jogged。故填jogged。 Passage 3 （2024·新课标Ⅱ卷·高考真题）阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, 1 is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown. Tang and Shakespeare were contemporaries and both died in 1616. Although they could never have met, there are common 2 (theme) in their works, said Paul Edmondson, head of research for the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust. “Some of the things that Tang was writing about 3 (be) also Shakespeare’s concerns. I happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways 4 Romeo and Juliet.” A statue commemorating Shakespeare and Tang was put up at Shakespeare’s Birthplace Garden in 2017. Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, 5 (inspire)by The Peony Pavilion, 6 (build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace. Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international 7 (visible), said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed 8 (find)the connection between the two great writers. 9 (recall)watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s play Richard III in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language 10 see how Tang’s play was being performed.” 【答案】 1. who 2. themes 3. were 4. to 5. inspired 6. was built 7. visibility 8. to find 9. Recalling 10. and 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国明代戏曲家汤显祖与英国戏剧家莎士比亚之间的联系和共同点，并展示了这种联系如何被纪念和展示在莎士比亚的故乡斯特拉特福德，且说明了这种联系对于提高斯特拉特福德国际知名度的重要性。 1. 考查定语从句。句意：为了纪念被誉为“亚洲莎士比亚”的汤显祖，中国文化元素为莎士比亚的故乡——埃文河畔的斯特拉特福增添了国际化的色彩。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“Tang Xianzu”，在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，表示人，用关系代词who引导。故填who。 2. 考查名词的数。句意：莎士比亚故居信托基金会的研究主管Paul Edmondson说，尽管他们从未见过面，但他们的作品中都有共同的主题。本句为“there be”句型，为倒装句，根据谓语动词“are”可判断，本句主语为名词的复数形式。故填themes。 3. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：“汤显祖所写的一些内容也是莎士比亚所关心的。我碰巧知道汤显祖的戏剧《牡丹亭》在某些方面与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》相似。”这里为本句谓语动词，根据句意以及定语从句时态可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“some of the things”，复数。故填were。 4. 考查固定短语。句意：“汤显祖所写的一些内容也是莎士比亚所关心的。我碰巧知道汤显祖的戏剧《牡丹亭》在某些方面与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》相似。”固定短语：be similar to，意为“和……相似”，符合句意。故填to。 5. 考查非谓语动词。句意：两年后，一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花园落成，该花园距离莎士比亚故居仅十分钟步行路程，其灵感来自《牡丹亭》。非谓语动词担当后置定语，被修饰词“a six-meter-tall pavilion”和动词“inspire”之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填inspired。 6. 考查时态和语态。句意：两年后，一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花园落成，该花园距离莎士比亚故居仅十分钟步行路程，其灵感来自《牡丹亭》。这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“Two years later”可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“a six-meter-tall pavilion”，单数，和动词“build”之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was built。 7. 考查名词。句意：Edmondson说，这些文化元素提高了斯特拉特福德的国际知名度，并补充说，游客们穿过故居花园时，常常惊讶于这两位伟大作家之间的联系。形容词international后接名词形式，visibility“知名度”为不可数名词作宾语。故填visibility。 8. 考查非谓语动词。句意：Edmondson说，这些文化元素提高了斯特拉特福德的国际知名度，并补充说，游客们穿过故居花园时，常常惊讶于这两位伟大作家之间的联系。非谓语动词担当形容词“amazed”后的原因状语，用动词不定式形式。故填to find。 9. 考查非谓语动词。句意：回忆起几年前在上海观看莎士比亚戏剧《理查三世》的中国版，并遇见前来斯特拉特福德表演《牡丹亭》部分片段的中国演员时，Edmondson说：“听到中文，看到汤显祖的戏剧是如何被表演的，非常激动人心。”非谓语动词担当状语，主语“Edmondson”和动词“recall”之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式担当状语；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填Recalling。 10. 考查连词。句意：回忆起几年前在上海观看莎士比亚戏剧《理查三世》的中国版，并遇见前来斯特拉特福德表演《牡丹亭》部分片段的中国演员时，Edmondson说：“听到中文，看到汤显祖的戏剧是如何被表演的，非常激动人心。”空前“hear the Chinese language”和空后“see how Tang’s play was being performed”为并列结构，用and连接。故填and。 【点睛】 Passage 4 （2023·浙江·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Terracotta Warriors exhibition opens in Spain The Archaeological Museum of Alicante opened on Tuesday 1 unique exhibition of China’s renowned Terracotta Warriors, known as the “ 2 (eight) Wonder of the World.” The exhibition 3 (title) “The Legend of China’s Qin and Han Dynasties” and open to public between Wednesday and January 28, 2024, showcases more than 120pieces from nine Chinese museums. The exhibition is divided into three galleries 4 showcase the history of the unification of China by Emperor Qin Shi Huang, his tomb, and the 5 (mystery) Terracotta Warriors. The museum uses advanced technology to create an immersive exhibition space 6 (use) light, music, and scent. Curator of the exhibition Marcos Martinon-Torres, an archaeologist and professor at the University of Cambridge, said the exhibition would provide an “unforgettable experience” for thousands of visitors. The exhibition is part of a series of activities intended 7 the China-Spain Year of Culture and Tourism. Apart from the 10 life-size Terracotta Warriors and horses, it also features gold and silver, bronze, pottery, and jade cultural relics. At the opening ceremony on Tuesday, Carlos Mazon, president of Alicante provincial council, called the exhibition “a 8 (history) moment.” He said his province “will become a cultural center in Europe in the next ten months, 9 it is the first time that the Chinese Terracotta Warriors 10 (exhibit) abroad since the (COVID-19)pandemic.” 【答案】 1. a 2. Eighth 3. titled 4. which/that 5. mysterious 6. using 7. for 8. historic 9. because/as 10. have been exhibited 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了阿利坎特考古博物馆将在未来10个月内将会成为欧洲的文化中心，因为该博物馆将会举办一场名为“中国秦汉传奇”的展览，展出来自中国9家博物馆的120多件藏品。 1. 考查冠词。句意：周二，阿利坎特考古博物馆举办了一场独特的展览，展出被称为“世界第八大奇迹”的中国著名的兵马俑。修饰可数名词单数，表泛指，用不定冠词，且unique发音是以辅音音素开头。故填a。 2. 考查序数词。句意：周二，阿利坎特考古博物馆举办了一场独特的展览，展出被称为“世界第八大奇迹”的中国著名的兵马俑。根据句意可知，空处指的是“第八”，用序数词。故填Eighth。 3. 考查非谓语动词。句意：这场名为“中国秦汉传奇”的展览将于2024年1月28日(周三)至1月28日对公众开放，展出来自中国9家博物馆的120多件藏品。非谓语动词担当后置定语，和被修饰词“the exhibition”之间为被动关系，用过去分词。故填titled。 4. 考查定语从句。句意：展览分为三个展厅，分别展示了秦始皇统一中国的历史、他的陵墓和神秘的兵马俑。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“three galleries”，指物，且关系词在定语从句中担当主语，用关系代词which或that引导。故填which或that。 5. 考查形容词。句意：展览分为三个展厅，分别展示了秦始皇统一中国的历史、他的陵墓和神秘的兵马俑。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词，修饰“Terracotta Warriors”。故填mysterious。 6. 考查非谓语动词。句意：博物馆采用先进的技术，利用光线、音乐和气味创造了一个沉浸式的展览空间。这里为非谓语动词作状语，和逻辑主语the museum，为主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填using。 7. 考查固定搭配。句意：此次展览是中西文化旅游年系列活动的一部分。固定搭配：be intended for，意为“打算供……用；想用来……”。故填for。 8. 考查形容词。句意：在周二的开幕式上，阿利坎特省议会主席Carlos Mazon称这次展览是“一个历史性的时刻”。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词修饰名词moment，意为“历史意义的”，用historic。故填historic。 9. 考查原因状语从句。句意：他说，该省“将在未来10个月内成为欧洲的文化中心，因为这是自新冠肺炎疫情以来中国兵马俑首次在国外展出。”根据句意可知，空处考查原因状语从句的连接词，用because或者as。故填because/as。 10. 考查时态和语态。句意：他说，该省“将在未来10个月内成为欧洲的文化中心，因为这是自新冠肺炎疫情以来中国兵马俑首次在国外展出。” 这里为从句的谓语动词，句型：it is the first time that…中，从句的时态为现在完成时；主语为“the Chinese Terracotta Warriors”，复数，和动词exhibit之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填have been exhibited。 Passage 5 （2024·广西贵港·模拟预测）阅读下面材料，在空格处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或使用括号中单词的正确形式。 The need for speed is so deeply rooted in modern society that we often forget to press pause and think about the things that get 1 (good) with time: antiques, aged wine, long-term relationships and expertise over the years. Peking Opera is a slow process too. 2 an often-repeated saying goes, one minute on stage takes ten years of practice. It’s a reminder of its high standards, which ensure that any performance 3 (do) the way the forefathers wanted it. Peking Opera is 4 (demand) because of the extensive list of skills it requires. A performer is an actor, singer, dancer, acrobat, mime and martial artist all rolled into one. They’re also expected 5 (apply) delicate make-up, put on heavy costumes and, depending on their character, perform on stage 6 15cm platform shoes. There is so much to take in that disciples (学徒) usually start their career as young children, spending years 7 (train) their bodies and minds for the stage. So what chance does 8 theatre beginner with little patience and zero flexibility like me stand against Peking Opera? Do I have 9 it takes to put on a successful show? There’s only one way to find out: I’m rolling up my sleeves and training under the 10 (guide) of senior stage masters in the field. 【答案】 1. better 2. As 3. is done 4. demanding 5. to apply 6. in 7. training 8. a 9. what/all 10. guidance 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者作为一名京剧初学者对京剧的理解。 1. 考查比较级。句意：对速度的需求在现代社会中根深蒂固，以至于我们经常忘记按下暂停键，去思考那些随着时间流逝而变得更好的东西：古董、陈年葡萄酒、长期的关系和多年来的专业知识。结合句意“变得更好”可知，用副词的比较级形式。故填better。 2. 考查连词。句意：正如一句常说的谚语所言：台上一分钟，台下十年功。As a saying goes为固定句型，表示“正如谚语所说”，as引导状语从句，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填As。 3. 考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：这是对其高标准的提醒，这确保了任何表演都是按照祖先希望的方式进行的。陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语performance与do之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态，谓语用单数。故填is done。 4. 考查形容词。句意：京剧要求很高，因为它需要大量的技巧。空处作表语，表示“要求很高的”应用形容词demanding。故填demanding。 5. 考查非谓语动词。句意：句意：他们还需要化精致的妆，穿上厚重的服装，根据角色的不同，还需要穿着15厘米厚的厚底鞋登台表演。此处为短语be expected to do sth.表示“被期望做某事”。故填to apply。 6. 考查介词。句意同上。表示“穿着”应用介词in。故填in。 7. 考查非谓语动词。句意：要学的东西太多了，所以学徒们通常在很小的时候就开始了他们的职业生涯，花几年的时间训练他们的身体和思想，为舞台做准备。spend time (in) doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“花费时间做某事”。故填training。 8. 考查冠词。句意：那么，像我这样一个没有耐心、没有灵活性的戏剧初学者，有什么机会对抗京剧呢？beginner为可数名词，此处表示泛指，theater发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 9. 考查宾语从句或者定语从句。句意：我有成功演出的条件吗？引导宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，指事物应用what引导；或者填all，空处引导省略了that的定语从句，that在从句中作宾语。故填what/all。 10. 考查名词。句意：只有一种方法可以找到答案：我卷起袖子，在资深舞台大师的指导下训练。此处为短语under the guidance of表示“在……的指导下”。故填guidance。 Passage 6 （2023·湖北黄冈·二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Discoveries made during the latest excavation of Pit No.1 at the Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang, China’s first emperor, have allowed Chinese archaeologists to gain more insight into 1 the world-famous Terracotta Warriors and their weapons were made. According to a recent report archaeologists 2 (restore) more than 140 Terracotta Warriors. They discovered that the arms of these figures were created separately and then attached to the bodies and covered in a layer of fine clay. The carving of fine details was completed 3 the arms were attached. 4 (additional), the pit has yielded a variety of weapons, including long-range attack weapons, shields for defense, as well as drums and drumsticks used for commanding soldiers. “The Terracotta Warriors used a very special mechanism to connect pieces together. Such 5 (wise) was unique to China,” Lv Qiuxia, 6 expert on ancient Chinese art, told the Global Times on Wednesday. Lv added that the way the warriors were made differed based on their social status and class. “When 7 (analyze) how they were made, we noticed that the warriors were divided into different classes. This contributes to research 8 the burial culture of the Terracotta Warriors.” the expert noted. Through excavations, Chinese researchers have established the types and arrangement of weapons 9 (use) by the Terracotta Warriors as well as the formations and patterns of the 10 (mystery) underground army. 【答案】 1. how 2. have restored 3. before 4. Additionally 5. wisdom 6. an 7. analyzing 8. into/on 9. used 10. mysterious 【导语】本文是新闻报道。讲述了对兵马俑有了新发现，对兵马俑及其武器的制造过程有了更多的了解。 1. 考查连接副词。句意：中国第一个皇帝秦始皇陵墓一号坑的最新发掘发现，使中国考古学家对世界闻名的兵马俑及其武器的制造过程有了更多的了解。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，从句中结构完整，应该用连接副词引导，根据句意，应用how引导。故填how。 2. 考查动词时态。句意：根据最近的一份报告，考古学家已经修复了140多个兵马俑。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语动词，所以restore作本句谓语，根据标志词recent可知，用现在完成时，主语是archaeologists，为复数。故填have restored。 3. 考查连词。句意：在手臂连接之前，精细的细节雕刻已经完成。分析句子结构可知，空处引导状语从句，根据句意，此处表达“在手臂连接之前”之意，应用before引导。故填before。 4. 考查副词。句意：此外，该坑还出土了各种各样的武器，包括远程攻击武器，防御盾牌，以及用于指挥士兵的鼓和鼓槌。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后整个句子，应该用副词修饰，additional的副词形式是additionally，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Additionally。 5. 考查名词。句意：这样的智慧是中国独有的。分析句子结构可知，空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词作主语，wise的名词形式是wisdom。故填wisdom。 6. 考查冠词。句意：中国古代艺术专家吕秋霞周三告诉《环球时报》。分析句子结构可知，expert意为“专家”，为可数名词，本句用的单数，前用不定冠词修饰，expert为元音音素开头，应该用an。故填an。 7. 考查非谓语动词。句意：在分析它们的制作过程时，我们注意到这些战士被分为不同的等级。分析句子结构可知，本句是状语从句的省略句，完整句是“when we were analyzing how they were made”，从句的主语和从句主语相同，谓语动词是be动词，所以主语和谓语可省略。故填analyzing。 8. 考查介词。句意：这有助于研究兵马俑的墓葬文化。分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定搭配：research on/into意为“研究”。故填into或者on。 9. 考查非谓语动词。句意：通过发掘，中国研究人员已经确定了兵马俑使用的武器类型和排列，以及神秘地下军队的组成和模式。分析句子结构可知。本句已有谓语动词，所以use用非谓语形式，它的逻辑主语是weapons，两者是被动关系，应该用过去分词表被动。故填used。 10. 考查形容词。句意：通过发掘，中国研究人员已经确定了兵马俑使用的武器类型和排列，以及神秘地下军队的组成和模式。分析句子结构可知。空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，mystery的形容词形式是mysterious。故填mysterious。 Passage 7 （2023·辽宁沈阳·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 “A barbecue restaurant owner I know told me to come back on Monday, so as to leave the weekends to out-of-town visitors,” said Huang Yang, a native of Zibo city in Shandong province 1 works outside his hometown. He recently returned home for a visit and wanted to have some barbecue, 2 he failed to find seats in four different restaurants. Thanks to social media recommendations, Zibo has 3 (wide) spread on Chinese social media platforms. Videos on sites such as Xiaohongshu show thousands of people traveling to the city to try its local barbecue, which they say 4 (wrap) in a pancake and has a “distinct taste”. Taking advantage of the barbecue craze, Zibo has gone all out to promote local tourism resources, while 5 (work) to ensure the safety of visitors and the quality of tourism products. To provide visitors 6 a happy experience, market regulators have carried out inspections on barbecue restaurants to ensure food safety. 7 number of patrol (巡逻) personnel has been increased to ensure visitors’ safety. The local government has released a map of barbecue joints and added 21 new bus routes 8 (make) urban transportation easier. The latest promotion has given visitors free 9 (admit) to scenic spots as long as their destination is Zibo. According to data from on-demand service platform Meituan, Zibo has seen an 800 percent increase in accommodation bookings for the upcoming holiday 10 (compare) to 2019, ranking first in Shandong province in terms of growth rate. 【答案】 1. who/that 2. but 3. widely 4. is wrapped 5. working 6. with 7. The 8. to make 9. admission 10. compared 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了淄博烧烤在社交媒体上走红，吸引了大量游客前来旅游。 1. 考查定语从句。句意：黄杨是山东省淄博市人，在外地打工，他说……。分析句子可知，空处引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词a native，先行词为人，从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词who或that。故填who/that。 2. 考查连词。句意：他最近回家探亲，想去吃烧烤，但在四家不同的餐馆都找不到座位。根据句意可知，前后两个句子之间是转折关系，强调本地人黄杨回家探亲想吃烧烤，但是都找不到座位，空处应用连词but。故填but。 3. 考查副词。句意：由于社交媒体的推荐，淄博在中国社交媒体平台上广泛传播。分析句子可知，空处修饰动词spread，应用wide的副词形式widely，意为“广泛地”。故填widely。 4. 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：小红书等网站上的视频显示，成千上万的人前往这座城市品尝当地的烧烤，他们说这种烧烤裹在煎饼里，味道“独特”。分析句子可知，空处作which引导的非限制性定语从句的谓语，they say是插入语，先行词是its local barbecue，作从句的主语，从句描述的是通常性的行为，时态宜用一般现在时，wrap和主语之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，且主语是单数，be动词用is。故填is wrapped。 5. 考查状语从句的省略。句意：淄博利用烧烤热，全力推广当地旅游资源，同时努力确保游客安全和旅游产品的质量。分析句子可知，此处用了while引导时间状语从句，且从句的主语和主句的主语一致，从句中含有be动词，对主语和be动词进行了省略，work和被省略的主语Zibo之间是主动关系，应用work的现在分词形式working。故填working。 6. 考查介词。句意：为了让游客有一个愉快的体验，市场监管机构对烧烤店进行了检查，以确保食物安全。根据“provide visitors”可推知，此处用固定短语provide sb. with sth.，意为“为……提供……”，空处应用介词with。故填with。 7. 考查冠词。句意：巡逻人员的数量已经增加，以确保游客的安全。分析句子可知，此处是特指，指巡逻人员的数量，空处应用定冠词the，且空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填The。 8. 考查非谓语动词。句意：当地政府发布了一张烧烤店地图，并新增了21条公交线路，以方便城市交通。分析句子可知，空处作目的状语，表示为了让城市交通更方便，make和The local government逻辑上是主动关系，应用make的不定式形式to make。故填to make。 9. 考查名词。句意：最新的推广活动是，只要目的地是淄博，游客就可以免费进入景点。分析句子可知，空处被free修饰，作given的宾语，应用admit的名词形式admission，意为“允许进入”，是不可数名词。故填admission。 10. 考查非谓语动词。句意：根据按需服务平台美团的数据，与2019年相比，淄博即将到来的假期的住宿预订量增长了800%，增长率在山东省排名第一。分析句子可知，空处作方式状语，表示“被与2019年相比”，应用compare的过去分词形式compared。故填compared。 Passage 8 （2023·山东日照·三模）阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式. During the May Day holiday, numerous messages of people looking for dazi, or activity partners for traveling, 1 (post) on the social media platform Xiaohongshu. Earlier this year, several dazi-related topics were among the most searched-for hashtags on Sin a Weibo, 2 (stimulate) heated discussions among young people. In some ways, activities using dazi have become 3 new form of social communication. 4 friendships, the concept of dazi is more customizable (定制的). It is 5 (definite) centered on companionship fields. The idea is simple — random individuals come together 6 (join) in an activity they all enjoy. With one or several dazi, people can experience deeper fun in the activities they are interested in. In addition to the 7 (share) interests, another major advantage of dazi compared to normal relationships 8 (be) its simplicity, some dazi are only temporary, but even longer-lasting ones are cast in the same mould (模式), where the topics discussed tend to be focused and relaxed. “ 9 my meal dazi doesn’t go to school someday, I’ll not be so sad for the rest of the day.” said Shi Zhimin, a 17-year-old student from Shanxi province. “Traditional friendships require a lot of time and emotion to maintain, 10 having a dazi means not needing to carry those burdens,” she added. 【答案】 1. were posted 2. stimulating 3. a 4. Unlike 5. definitely 6. to join 7. shared 8. is 9. If/When 10. while/but/yet 【导语】这是一篇说明文。在五一假期期间，社交媒体平台小红书上发布了大量寻找“搭子”，也就是旅行伙伴的信息。在某些方面，使用“搭子”的活动已经成为一种新的社交形式。 1. 考查动词语态。句意：在五一假期期间，社交媒体平台小红书上发布了大量寻找“搭子”，也就是旅行伙伴的信息。根据“During the May Day holiday”可知，此处描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。动词post意为“发布”，和主语messages构成被动关系，应用被动语态，主语为复数形式，be动词使用were。故填were posted。 2. 考查非谓语动词。句意：今年早些时候，几个与搭子相关的话题成为新浪微博上搜索量最高的话题标签，引发了年轻人的热烈讨论。动词stimulate意为“促进，激发（某事物）”，和系动词之间没有连词，和句子构成主动关系，且表示意料之中的结果，应用现在分词，作状语。故填stimulating。 3. 考查冠词。句意：在某些方面，使用搭子的活动已经成为一种新的社交形式。form意为“形式”，为可数名词，此处为第一次出现，应用不定冠词。new的开头发音为辅音音素，应用a。故填a。 4. 考查介词。句意：与友谊不同，搭子的概念更具可定制性。根据“the concept of dazi is more customizable”可知，此处是指搭子不像友谊，应用介词unlike表示“不像”。句首首字母应大写。故填Unlike。 5. 考查副词。句意：它绝对以伴侣领域为中心。此处修饰动词，应用副词definitely“绝对地”，作状语。故填definitely。 6. 考查非谓语动词。句意：这个想法很简单——随机的人聚在一起参加一项他们都喜欢的活动。根据“random individuals come together”和“in an activity they all enjoy”可知，此处是指随机的人聚在一起是为了参加一项他们都喜欢的活动，应用动词不定式，作目的状语。故填to join。 7. 考查非谓语动词。句意：除了共同的兴趣爱好外，与普通的关系相比，搭子的另一个主要优点是简单。有些搭子只是暂时的，但即使是更长久的搭子，也都是同样的模式，讨论的话题往往是集中和轻松的。动词share意为“共同拥有（看法、特质或经历）”，和系动词之间没有连词，和逻辑主语interests构成被动关系，且动作已完成，应用过去分词，作定语。故填shared。 8. 考查主谓一致。句意：除了共同的兴趣爱好外，与普通的关系相比，搭子的另一个主要优点是简单。有些搭子只是暂时的，但即使是更长久的搭子，也都是同样的模式，讨论的话题往往是集中和轻松的。此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语advantage为第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填is。 9. 考查连接词。句意：“如果/当有一天我的饭搭子没来上学，我这一天其余的时候也不会很难过。”来自山西的17岁学生石志敏说。根据“my meal dazi doesn’t go to school someday”和“I’ll not be so sad for the rest of the day”可知，此处是指如果/当有一天饭搭子没来上学，所以应用连词if表示“如果”引导条件状语从句或when表示“当……时”引导时间状语从句。句首首字母应大写。故填If或When。 10. 考查连词。句意：“传统的友谊需要大量的时间和情感来维持，而拥有‘搭子’意味着不需要承担这些负担，”她补充说。根据“Traditional friendships require a lot of time and emotion to maintain”和“having a dazi means not needing to carry those burdens”可知，前后构成转折关系，所以应用连词while/but/yet表示“然而”。故填while/but/yet。 27 / 27 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $