Unit 1 Look it up 课时3 语法（课时学案）-【宝典训练】2025-2026学年新教材八年级上册英语高效课堂（沪教版2024）

Unit1 Look it up！ 课时3语法 精讲 ● 语法精讲。 ●限定词some;any 限定词指的是在名词词组中，对中心词起特指、类指或者表示确定数量和非确定数量等限定作用 的词；常见的限定词可分为四类：冠词(a,an,the)、形容词性物主代词、指示代词和数量词。这一章节 中，我们将学习限定词中数量词some和any的用法。 用法 some any some和any都可以修饰可数名词和不可数名词 I have some books. Do you have any magazines? some和any 我有一些书。 你有一些杂志吗？ 的基本用法 I need some water. 1.I money. 我需要一些水。 我没有钱。 any常用在否定句和疑问句中。 some常用在肯定句中，表示“一些”。 My brother doesn't have any toys. some和any My brother has some toys. 我弟弟没有任何玩具。 的区别 我弟弟有一些玩具。 2. your brother toys? 你弟弟有玩具吗？ some用在疑问句中时，表示建议、请 any用在肯定句中时，起强调作用，表示 求或期望得到肯定回答。 “任何一个”，常用于“any+单数名词”结 some和any 3.Would you tea? 构中。 的特殊用法 你想要一些茶吗？ Any student can answer this question. What about some apple juice? 任何学生都可以回答这个问题。 来一些苹果汁怎么样？ “some other+复数名词”用于肯定 句中，表示“其他一些的”。 “any other+复数名词”用于否定句和疑 4 will go 问句中，表示“其他一些的”。 there by bus..其他一些学生会乘 Do you have any other questions? 公共汽车到那里。 你还有其他什么问题吗？ some和any “s0me+单数名词”表示“某一.”。 “any other+单数名词”用于肯定句中， 的其他用法 I hope to go there some day. 表示“其他任何”。 我希望有一天能去那里。 5.He is taller than boy in his some more表示“一些更多的”。 class. Can you give me some more coffee? 他比班里的其他任何男孩都高。 你能再给我一些咖啡吗？ >15 宝典训练英语·八年级·上册（泸教版） ●由some-,any-,no-构成的复合不定代词 不定代词，即不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词。常见的不定代词有all,each,both,none, one,either,neither,other,another,much,many,(a)little,.(a)few,以及由some-,any-,no-构成的复 合不定代词。 注意：所有复合不定代词都是一个词，只有no one是两个词。 someone somebody something somewhere anyone anybody anything anywhere no one nobody nothing nowhere everyone everybody everything everywhere 【解析1】somebody;someone;something (1)somebody,someone,something用于肯定句中。 someone=somebody某人；something某事/某物 (2)something可用于提建议或请求的问句中，希望得到肯定回答。 Would you like something to eat?你要吃，点东西吗？ 【解析2】anybody;anyone;anything (1)anybody,anyone,anything用于否定句和疑问句中。 anyone=anybody任何人；anything任何事/物 (2)anyone用于肯定句中，表示“任何人”。 Anyone can ask me questions..任何人都可以向我提问。 (3)anything用于肯定句中，表示“任何事/物”。 Anything will happen if we are not careful.如果我们不小心，任何事都会发生。 【解析3】nobody;no one;nothing (1)nobody=no one=not..anybody没有一个人 I saw nobody/no one.=I didn't see anybody.我一个人也没看见。 (2)nothing=not..anything什么也没有（指事） I heard nothing.=I didn't hear anything.我什么也没听见。 (3)no one=none一个人也没有（但none强调没有人或物） No one can help you.没人能帮你。 -How many sheep do you have'?你有多少只羊？一None.一只也没有。 注意：回答“How many..?”时，只能用none,不能用no one 【解析4】复合不定代词的主要考点 (1)复合不定代词在句子中作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。 Nobody knows his name.没有人知道他的名字。 Someone wants to see you..有人要见你。 ●>16《● Unit1 Look it up！ (2)不定代词+形容词（形容词要后置） There is nothing serious..没什么严重的。 There is something important in the newspaper.报纸上有重要的事。 (3)have something to do有事要做 I'm sorry,but I have something to do.对不起，但我有事要做。 (4)There is something wrong with.,某人/物出问题了 There is something wrong with my bike.So I go there by bus. 我的自行车出问题了。所以我坐公共汽车去那里。 (5)There is nothing wrong with..某人/物没问题 There is nothing wrong with your ears.你的耳朵没问题。 X时过关 ●单项选择。 ( )1.-You look so happy！ 一Jack says I am pretty. has ever told me that before. A.Nobody B.Anybody C.Somebody ( )2.I haven't checked my e-mail today,because there's wrong with my computer. A.something B.anything C.everything ( )3.-Who helped you with your English? I learned it all by myself. A.Nobody B.Anybody C.Somebody ( )4.-What else do you want? else.I think I have got everything ready. A.Something B.Anything C.Nothing ( )5.-What are you going to give your mother for her birthday? -I'm not sure.But I'll buy her A.something special B.anything special C.special something )6.-Was it Peter who broke the window? -No,he wasn't here yesterday.He had to do with it. A.nothing B.anything C.something ( )7.-Is OK,Lucy? -No,my math is not as good as English. A.everything B.something C.nothing )8.This is an empty（空的)house.There is inside. A.somebody B.anybody C.nobody )9.I am hungry.I want to eat. A.anything B.something C.everything )10.-What did you buy for your daughter at the supermarket? -I bought because I couldn't find she likes. A.something;anything B.anything;something C.nothing;anything ●>17《● 宝典训练英语·八年级·上册（泸教版） ●用适当的不定代词填空。 1.-Hurry up,Jack.The train is coming. -Wait a moment,please!Let me see if there is else left. 2.The poor blind man can't go without his dog. 3.I want to buy else.Let's get on the bus and go to the market. 4.-What did you do today? -I did because I got hurt in the 100-metre race. 5.Time for class.Is here? 目按要求完成下列句子。 1.There is not anybody in the library.(改为同义句) There is in the library. 2.Is there anything in the box'？（作否定回答) there is in the box. 3.We can see some birds in the tree.(改为一般疑问句) you see birds in the tree? 4.Mr Chen didn't say anything at the meeting.（改为同义句) Mr Chen at the meeting. 5.There are some flowers on the teacher's desk.(改为否定句) There flowers on the teacher's desk 四阅读短文，用合适的不定代词填空。 Yesterday was my mother's birthday.I celebrated (it with 1. special ways.In the morning,I did housework,such as cleaning the house,washing clothes and so on.In the afternoon,when I was buying some vegetables,fruit and a cake in the supermarket,the seller told me there weren't 2. vegetables.When I was very sad at that moment,suddenly 3. gave the vegetables back and I bought them at once. Then I went home quickly and cooked a meal for my family.Finally,we all enjoyed the meal and said "Happy birthday!"to my mother happily.I want my family to know my love for them,so I decide to share 4. about my life with them in the future,because 5. is more important than my family in the world. 色语法填空。 Early in the 1. (fifteen)century during the Ming Dynasty,the Yongle Emperor Zhu Di decided 2. (create)a great encyclopedia.It was 3.huge job for the scholars to collect and copy thousands of texts from all over China.4. they)work was finished in 1408.This amazing 5. (collect)was called Yongle Dadian.It was made up 6.22,937 rolls in 11,095 volumes（卷)，and it was one of the7. early)encyclopedias that had ever been made 8. printing techniques（技术)were already quite advanced(先进的)at that time,Yongle Dadian was never printed because of its length.9. the fall of the Ming Dynasty,the original work was lost.Nobody knows what 10. (happen)to it. ●>18《0八年级上册参考若案 参 芳答案 Unit 1 Look it up! 二、l.Italian 2.an 3.inventions 4.flying 5.prehistoric 6.to 课时1词汇 7.today's 8.appeared 9.completely 〔课时精进)月 10.However 三、第一节1一5 BCADB 第二节1一5 AEBCF 1.Italy Italian Russian Russian German German 课时3语法 Japan Japanese China Chinese English/Englishman/Englishwoman English 〔课时精讲]： France French/Frenchman/Frenchwoman -、l.don't have any 2.Does have any 2.(1)invented (2)inventors (3)invention 3.like some 4.Some other students 3.(1)extreme (2)extremely 5.any other 4.(1)intelligent (2)intelligence 〔课时过关月 5.(1)usually (2)unusually (3)usual (4)usually 一、1-5 AAACA 6-10 AACBC 6.(1)He is highly talented in playing the piano. 二、l.anything 2.anywhere 3.something (2)She has a natural talent for painting. 4.nothing 5.everyone/everybody 7.(1)artist (2)art (3)artistic 三、1.nobody 2.No nothing 3.Can any 8.(1)including (2)include 4.said nothing 5.aren't any 9.(1)prehistoric (2)historic (3)history 四、1.some 2.any 3.someone 10.(1)relate (2)relation 4.everything 5.nothing 11.(1)appeared (2)appearance 五、l.fifteenth 2.to create 3.a 【课时过关 4.Their 5.collection 6.of -、1.musician 2.intelligence 7.earliest 8.Though/Although 9.After 3.scientist scientific 4.artist artistic 10.happened 5.inventor invention 6.ability abilities 课时4听说 7.including 8.suddenly 〔听说测试川 二、l.intelligence 2.invention 3.prehistoric 一、略 4.scientist 5.completely 6.Suddenly 二、l.Huanglan. 2.0ver11,000 7.musician 8.artistic 9.extremely 3.Cooking. 4.Mona Lisa. 10.unusually 三、1-5 AABCA 6-10 CDACC 5.245 million years ago. 6.Birds. 7.He was born in 1862. 8.It was interesting 课时2 阅读 9.They tell about the lives of poor people. 【课时精讲用 10.They are famous for surprising endings. 1.(1)A(2)C 三、 2.I like the way she teaches English. May's owl is five years old.It has a round head,two big 3.(1)the most famous short story eyes and a short tail.People can't see it in the daytime (2)his most famous movies because it usually sleeps during the day.And it looks for food 4.(1)such as (2)For example (3)for example at night.It eats insects,birds and small animals like mice 5.a type of related to and rabbits.It hardly drinks water.If you hear a special 6.(1)C(2)C(3)C(4)B(5)A(6)C sound at night,it might be the owl singing. (1)C(2)A 11.How much does the owl weigh?/What is the owl's 7.(1)A (2)B (3)B (1)when (2)completely weight? 8.(1)However (2)but (3)However by reading 12.Where can the owl find any food? 【课时过关月 课时5写作 -、l.is related to 2.learn about 【课时过关]月 3.includes 4.is talented in -、l.scientist inventor专家英雄 5.died out 2.discover create探索研究