Unit 1 Look it up 课时2 阅读（课时学案）-【宝典训练】2025-2026学年新教材八年级上册英语高效课堂（沪教版2024）

宝典训练英语·八年级·上册（泸教版） 课时2阅读 课时精讲 重点句子讲解。 1.Look it up！看一看！查一查！ (1)look up(从字典、书中)查阅；查找；向上看 You can look up the new words in the dictionary. 你可以在词典里查这些新单词。 look up是动词加副词构成的短语，当look up的宾语是名词时，可将宾语放在look up的后面或 look和up的中间。如：look up the new words=look the new words up;当look up的宾语是代词 时，代词只能放在look和up的中间。如：look it/them up。 (2)look构成的短语： look after=take care of=care for照顾 look like看起来像 look for寻找 look at看… look over=check carefully仔细检查look out=be careful当心 look out of the window向窗外看 look through浏览；翻阅；透过…看 look forward to doing sth.=expect to do sth.期待做某事 合语境微练十十++++十十+++十叶+++十++++十十++十+++++十++十十+十+++ )(1)Look ！There's a car coming. A.out B.around C.forward )(2)The baby is crying.Will you please him while I prepare the milk? A.look up B.look at C.look after 2.His paintings and inventions changed the way we think about art and science. 他的绘画作品和发明改变了我们思考艺术和科学的方式。 (I)整体分析：His paintings and inventions是句子的主语部分，changed是句子的谓语动词，the way 是句子的宾语，意思是“方式；方法”。way后面接的we think about art and science是一个定语从 句，用来修饰先行词the way。在定语从句中，we是从句的主语，表示“我们”。think about是从 句的谓语动词短语，意思是“思考；考虑”。art and science是从句的宾语，表示“艺术和科学”。 (2)“the way+(that/in which)+句子”表示“.…方式/方法”(=how) This is the way(in which)we solve problems.这就是我们解决问题的方式。 the way还可以表示“路径/路线”(=path/route) Can you show me the way to the station?你能告诉我去车站的路吗？ 语境微练才++++++++++十++++++++十+ 我喜欢她教英语的方式。（翻译句子） Unit1 Look it up！ 3.His paintings are very famous,and one,the Mona Lisa,is perhaps the most famous painting in the world.他的画作非常有名，其中一幅《蒙娜丽莎》也许是世界上最著名的画作。 (1)整体分析：这是一个由并列连词and连接的并列句。并列句由两个或两个以上简单句组成，这 些简单句在意义上相关，结构上相对独立，通过并列连词连接。 (2)第一个简单句是“His paintings are very famous'”,第二个简单句是“one,the Mona Lisa,is perhaps the most famous painting in the world'”,其中one指代前面提到的paintings中的一幅画，the Mona Lisa是对one的具体说明，即“《蒙娜丽莎》这幅画”，整体作句子的主语。perhaps the most famous painting in the world是表语部分，对主语“one,the Mona Lisa”进行描述。 (1)His novels are very popular,and one,The True Story of Ah Q,is in modern Chinese history. 他的小说广受欢迎，其中《阿Q正传》堪称中国现代史上最著名的短篇小说。 (2)The director's movies are very famous,and one,Red Sorghum,is one of 这名导演的电影很著名，《红高粱》是他最出名的作品之一++++++++ 4.For example,his notebooks include some interesting drawings of flying machines and other vehicles. 例如，他的笔记本中包含了一些飞行器和其他交通工具的有趣设计图。 (1)for example例如 Great men have often risen from poverty-Lincoln and Edison,for example. 大人物常常出身贫寒，例如林肯和爱迪生。 (2)such as例如；比如 I like sports,such as basketball and badminton.我喜欢运动，比如篮球和羽毛球。 【辨析】for example/such as ◆for example一般只举同类人或物中的一个为例，作插入语，可置于句首、句中或句末。 ◆such as近似于like,是介词短语，一般用来列举同类人或物中的几个例子；such as后没有逗号，直 接加名词或动名词（短语）。 (1)Anna has been to many countries, (例如)America,Japan and Germany. (2)There are many things around us but we can't see them. （例如)，air is invisible. (3)David, （例如），lives far away from the school. 十十十十十十十十十十十十十十十十十十十十 5.Dinosaurs are a type of prehistoric animal,related to crocodiles,snakes and lizards. 恐龙是一种史前动物，与鳄鱼、蛇和蜥蜴有亲缘关系。 (1)整体分析：Dinosaurs是句子的主语，系动词are在这里起连接主语和表语的作用，表示“是”的意 思。a type of prehistoric animal是表语部分，用来对主语Dinosaurs进行说明和描述。非谓语动 词短语部分related to crocodiles,snakes and lizards是一个过去分词短语，在句中作后置定语，用 ●>9《● 宝典训练)英语·八年级·上册（泸教版） 来修饰前面的名词短语a type of prehistoric animal(即主语Dinosaurs所指代的内容)，表示“与 鳄鱼、蛇和蜥蜴有亲缘关系”。 (2)a type of表示“一种.”。 (3)related to是固定短语，意思是“与…有亲缘关系；与…相关”。 台语境微练++ Orchids are beautiful flower,and they are many other plant species. 兰花是一种美丽的花卉，与许多其他植物种类有亲缘关系。 6.Dinosaurs came in different sizes.Some were as small as chickens.Others were as big as ten elephants. 恐龙的体型大小不一。一些恐龙和小鸡一样小，其他的和十头大象一样大。 【辨析】another,/other/,others/,the other/,the others ◆another泛指“（三者或三者以上中的）另一个”，既可作代词又可作形容词。 ◆other泛指“另一个，另一些”。作定语时，常与可数名词复数连用，如：other students,但如果前面 有the,some,any,each,every及形容词性物主代词时，与可数名词单数连用，如：every other day。 ◆others泛指“别的，其他人”，是other的复数形式，others=other+名词复数，如：other classmates otherso some..others..一些…一些…，有的…有的… ◆the other可作代词，也可作形容词，表示“（两者中的）另一个”，常用于“one..the other..”句型中。 the other之后也可接数词或复数名词，特指“其他的”，这时other是形容词。 ◆the others是the other的复数形式，特指某一范围内“全部或其余的人或物”，近似于the rest,只用 作代词，相当于“the other+名词复数”。 )(1) students like sports. like watching TV and reading. A.Some;Other B.Some;Another C.Some;Others )(2)(2023·广东)If you wish to invite people to visit you,you must ask your host for permission first. + A.others B.the other C.other )(3)There are two books on the desk. is mine. is hers. A.One;Other B.Some;The other C.One;The other )(4)Four of them are in the classroom.What about A.other B.the others C.another )(5)Do we write down all the new words every line? A.other B.the other C.another )(6)-I'm afraid that I can't take a walk with you today,Jack.Maybe time. 一What a pity（遗憾)！ A.other B.the other C.another ●>10《0 Unit 1 Look it up! as+ad./ad.(原级)+as.…和…一样… not as/,so+ad./ad.（原级)+as.. …不如…；不和…一样… 注意：so..as..只能用在否定句中，不能用在肯定句中。 )(1)This ruler is that one.I will buy it. A.as longer as B.so long as C.as long as )(2)Alice plays as Jack,but she doesn't work as Jack. A.as happily;so hard B.so happily;so hard C.so happily;as hard 十十十m十十十十 十十十十十十十十十十十十十十十十十十十十十十十十十十十一十十十十十一 7.About 66 million years ago,dinosaurs suddenly died out.Scientists are not completely sure why. 大约6600万年前，恐龙突然灭绝了。科学家们并不完全确定是什么原因。 【辨析】die of/die from/die for/die away ◆die of意为“死于”，一般指死于疾病、衰老等自身原因，如：die of illness/,heart attack/,cancer。 ◆die from通常指死因是由环境造成的（主要是事故方面的外部原因），如：die from an earthquake/ accident。 ◆die for为…献出生命。 ◆die away慢慢减弱，渐渐消失。 合语境微练十十十+++++++++++++++十++++十+十+十十+十十十++十 )(1)My grandpa a serious heart attack last year.I miss him very much. A.died of B.died from C.died out )(2)Many people the serious earthquake. A.died of B.died from C.died out )(3)If we don't protect some valuable animals,they will A.die away B.die out C.die from Scientists是名词复数形式，在句中作主语，表示“科学家们”。not completely sure是表语，其中 completely是副词，修饰形容词sure,表示“完全地”。why在这里是疑问副词作状语，表示原因，说 明科学家们不确定的具体内容是关于“为什么”的。 Teachers are not entirely clear how.老师们不完全清楚知何（做某事）。 (1)Parents are not totally certain 父母们不完全确定什么时候（发生某事）。 (2)I was (complete)surprised at the news..我完全惊讶于这个消息。 8.However,they are learning more and more about dinosaurs by studying their fossils. 然而，他们正通过研究恐龙化石来更多地了解恐龙。 (l)however是一个副词，起转折的作用，表明该句与前文内容存在逻辑上的转折关系，通常独立使 用，可看作句子的插入语，可位于句首、句中或句末。位于句首时，其后用逗号；位于句中时，其 前后都用逗号；用于句末时，其前用逗号。如： ●》11(0 宝典训练英语·八年级·上册（泸教版） However,this does not always happen..然而，这种情况并非总是发生。 She is ill.She goes to work,however,and stays up late. 她病了，然而她仍去上班并且还熬夜。 He says that it is so.He is wrong,however.他说情况确实如此，然而他错了。 【辨析】however/but however “然而”；转折意味较弱 位于句首、句中或句末 后面常用逗号分开 but “但是”；转折意味很强烈 位于分句的句首 后面不使用逗号 (2)by studying their fossils:by是介词，后面接动名词短语studying their fossils,作方式状语，说明他 们学习关于恐龙知识的方式是“通过研究它们的化石”。 雪语境微练+++++ 根据句意在下列横线上填写恰当的单词。 （1)He likes music. ,his wife doesn't.他喜欢音乐，然而他的妻子不喜欢。 (2)He likes music, his wife doesn't.他喜欢音乐，但是他的妻子不喜欢。 (3) students are understanding more and more about history ancient books. 然而，学生们通过阅读古代书籍，正在理解越来越多关于历史的知识。 关 ●根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。 1.This book a story years ago. 这本书与多年前的一个故事有关。 2.We should different cultures. 我们应该了解不同的文化。 3.The list many famous writers. 这份名单里包含很多著名的作家。 4.She drawing.She can finish a beautiful painting in a short time. 她在绘画方面很有天赋。她能在短时间内完成一幅漂亮的画作。 5.Many species of rare plants because of our bad habits. 由于我们的坏习惯，许多珍稀植物物种灭亡了。 ●课文语法填空。 Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519)was born in the countryside in Italy.He was an 1. (Italy)painter,inventor,musician,engineer and scientist.He showed great talent from 2. early age.His paintings,like the Mona Lisa,are world-famous.He also had many great 3. (invent).For instance,his notebooks have interesting drawings of 4. (fly)machines. ●>12《● Unit1 Look it up！ Dinosaurs are 5. (history)animals.They are related 6. modern reptiles such as crocodiles and lizards.They are also the ancestors of 7. (today)birds.They first 8. (appear)about 245 million years ago.Dinosaurs came in different sizes.Some were as small as chickens,while others were as big as ten elephants.About 66 million years ago,dinosaurs suddenly died out.Scientists are not 9. (complete)sure about the reason.10. they are learning more about dinosaurs by studying their fossils. 目阅读理解。 第一节阅读下面的短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 (2024·深圳市龙华区期末)Great painters all have their own styles.As soon as we see their paintings,we know who the painter is.Brazilian artist Milton Omena thought about these styles.Then he designed logos (for the world's most famous painters. Vincent van Gogh was a great painter of the Netherlands.He used a lot of yellow and blue in his paintings,such as Sunflowers and Starry Night.Omena designed his logo with these two colors and drew some lines similar to Starry Night. Leonardo da Vinci was not just an Italian painter.Omena thinks that he was no more a painter than an inventor.Therefore,the logo was Da Vinci's drawing of a machine instead of his most famous painting, the Mona Lisa. Salvador Dali,a Spanish painter,was famous for painting clocks that look like they are melting )In Dali's paintings,he often drew things in a strange and unreal way.So Omena made a melting clock part of Dali's logo. Pablo Picasso was a creator of modern art.His works had different styles in his different lifetime periods.He got the title of“the greatest artistic genius（天才)of the2 Oth century”because of his rich creativity and talent. )1.What colors were used in the logo of Vincent van Gogh? A.Red and blue. B.Yellow and blue. C.Red and green. D.Yellow and green. )2.What did Da Vinci's logo use? A.Sunflowers. B.The Mona Lisa. C.A machine. D.Clocks. ( )3.Where is Salvador Dali from? A.Spain. B.The Netherlands. C.Brazil. D.Italy. 0>13《0 宝典训练英语·八年级·上册（泸教版） )4.Which of the following statements is TRUE? A.The styles of great painters are always similar. B.Melting clocks are part of Van Gogh's paintings. C.Dali drew the painting Starry Night. D.Picasso was seen as the greatest artist of the twentieth century. )5.Where is this article probably from? A.A novel. B.An art magazine. C.A dictionary. D.A history book. 第二节阅读下面短文，并从方框里的六个句子中选择五个还原到原文中，使原文的意思完整、连贯。 8A.Why is that? 3 B.Buying second-hand goods saves money. 8C.If you don't want to go out,shop online(在网上). 8D.Or you can go into a store and buy some new goods. E.However,buying second-hand goods means fewer resources and less pollution. 8F.In a word,buying second-hand goods is becoming a cool thing to do or talk about. do1 1000 101070w 1000 M 0 00101000 110100M 101N101 w10101 Not long ago,buying second-hand clothing was often thought of for poor people.But today,more and more people prefer to buy used goods.1.Here are some reasons. Buying second-hand goods helps protect the earth. Buying all new goods means that you're creating a need for new things.It asks for more energy or more natural resources(自，然资源).2.When you buy used things,you are giving them a second life and saving them from being thrown away. 3. Used clothing,furniture or books are simply so much cheaper.For the price of a new sweater,you can usually get two or three pieces of clothing in a second-hand store.If you buy second-hand goods,you can save a lot of money. Second-hand goods are easy to get. In the flea (market or online shops,there are now so many places to go for really cool used things!Just go through the flea market on Sundays or walk directly into the store.4.In all these ways,it is so convenient for you to get second-hand goods. 5.It has been a great way for people to protect the earth and save money at the same time.It is worth trying. ●>14《●八年级上册参考若案 参 芳答案 Unit 1 Look it up! 二、l.Italian 2.an 3.inventions 4.flying 5.prehistoric 6.to 课时1词汇 7.today's 8.appeared 9.completely 〔课时精进)月 10.However 三、第一节1一5 BCADB 第二节1一5 AEBCF 1.Italy Italian Russian Russian German German 课时3语法 Japan Japanese China Chinese English/Englishman/Englishwoman English 〔课时精讲]： France French/Frenchman/Frenchwoman -、l.don't have any 2.Does have any 2.(1)invented (2)inventors (3)invention 3.like some 4.Some other students 3.(1)extreme (2)extremely 5.any other 4.(1)intelligent (2)intelligence 〔课时过关月 5.(1)usually (2)unusually (3)usual (4)usually 一、1-5 AAACA 6-10 AACBC 6.(1)He is highly talented in playing the piano. 二、l.anything 2.anywhere 3.something (2)She has a natural talent for painting. 4.nothing 5.everyone/everybody 7.(1)artist (2)art (3)artistic 三、1.nobody 2.No nothing 3.Can any 8.(1)including (2)include 4.said nothing 5.aren't any 9.(1)prehistoric (2)historic (3)history 四、1.some 2.any 3.someone 10.(1)relate (2)relation 4.everything 5.nothing 11.(1)appeared (2)appearance 五、l.fifteenth 2.to create 3.a 【课时过关 4.Their 5.collection 6.of -、1.musician 2.intelligence 7.earliest 8.Though/Although 9.After 3.scientist scientific 4.artist artistic 10.happened 5.inventor invention 6.ability abilities 课时4听说 7.including 8.suddenly 〔听说测试川 二、l.intelligence 2.invention 3.prehistoric 一、略 4.scientist 5.completely 6.Suddenly 二、l.Huanglan. 2.0ver11,000 7.musician 8.artistic 9.extremely 3.Cooking. 4.Mona Lisa. 10.unusually 三、1-5 AABCA 6-10 CDACC 5.245 million years ago. 6.Birds. 7.He was born in 1862. 8.It was interesting 课时2 阅读 9.They tell about the lives of poor people. 【课时精讲用 10.They are famous for surprising endings. 1.(1)A(2)C 三、 2.I like the way she teaches English. May's owl is five years old.It has a round head,two big 3.(1)the most famous short story eyes and a short tail.People can't see it in the daytime (2)his most famous movies because it usually sleeps during the day.And it looks for food 4.(1)such as (2)For example (3)for example at night.It eats insects,birds and small animals like mice 5.a type of related to and rabbits.It hardly drinks water.If you hear a special 6.(1)C(2)C(3)C(4)B(5)A(6)C sound at night,it might be the owl singing. (1)C(2)A 11.How much does the owl weigh?/What is the owl's 7.(1)A (2)B (3)B (1)when (2)completely weight? 8.(1)However (2)but (3)However by reading 12.Where can the owl find any food? 【课时过关月 课时5写作 -、l.is related to 2.learn about 【课时过关]月 3.includes 4.is talented in -、l.scientist inventor专家英雄 5.died out 2.discover create探索研究