第3讲 状语从句-1-核心语法 重难点专项突破 任务单 2026届高考英语一轮复习（全国通用）

高考核心语法·精练 第3讲 状语从句-1 2026年高考英语语法专项突破（全国通用） （语法讲义+模拟练习+真题操练） 内容提要 思维导图 表格呈现 对点练习 单题突破 综合提升 一、状语从句基础框架表 此表格梳理状语从句的核心定义、重点分类及引导词，明确 “从句 = 副词功能” 的核心逻辑，是理解状语从句的基础。 类别 具体内容 定义 句中相当于副词，修饰主句的动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，表时间、条件、让步、目的、结果等逻辑关系，需通过特定引导词连接主句与从句 重点分类及引导词 1. 让步状语从句：though/although/as, even if/though, no matter wh-/wh-ever, while, whether...or 2. 条件状语从句：if, unless, once, in case, as long as, on condition that, supposing/providing 3. 目的状语从句：so that, in order that 4. 结果状语从句：so that, such that, so...that, such...that 基本特征 1. 引导词不可省略，需明确体现逻辑关系 2. 主句与从句之间无逗号分隔（结果状语从句表补充说明时可加逗号） 3. 从句用陈述句语序，不可用疑问句语序 注意事项： 1. 不可混淆状语从句与其他从句：状语从句修饰 “动作 / 状态的逻辑关系”（如时间、条件），定语从句修饰 “名词”，名词性从句充当 “名词成分”，需通过功能判断； 2. 引导词需精准匹配逻辑：如表 “让步” 不可用 “if”（条件引导词），表 “目的” 不可用 “though”（让步引导词）（错误：He studied hard though he could pass the exam；正确：He studied hard so that he could pass the exam）。 【对点练习】在空格处填入一个适当的单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空 1. __________ the government takes effective measures to protect the environment, the air quality will continue to worsen in some industrial areas. 【答案】Unless 【解析】考查条件状语从句引导词。句意：除非政府采取有效措施保护环境，否则部分工业区的空气质量将继续恶化。分析句子逻辑，空处表 “否定条件”，结合 “unless 表‘除非’，等同于 if not” 的规则，故填 Unless。 2. The volunteers are working day and night __________ they can provide enough food and water for the people affected by the flood. 【答案】so that/in order that 【解析】考查目的状语从句引导词。句意：志愿者们日夜工作，以便为受洪水影响的人们提供足够的食物和水。空处引导从句表 “动作目的”，符合 “so that/in order that 表‘为了’” 的用法，故填 so that/in order that。 3. __________ he has little work experience, he has shown great enthusiasm and quick learning ability in the new job. 【答案】Though/Although/While 【解析】考查让步状语从句引导词。句意：尽管他工作经验不多，但在新工作中表现出了极大的热情和快速的学习能力。空处表 “让步”，though/although/while 均符合 “虽然” 的语义，故填 Though/Although/While。 4. The scientist has made a new discovery __________ will help solve the problem of water shortage in desert areas. 【答案】that/which 【解析】考查定语从句关系代词（对比状语从句）。句意：这位科学家有了一项新发现，这项发现将帮助解决沙漠地区的缺水问题。分析句子结构，空处引导定语从句修饰先行词 “a new discovery”，在从句中作主语，需用 that/which，此处需区分状语从句（表逻辑关系）与定语从句（修饰名词）的差异，故填 that/which。 5. The company will offer a bonus to all employees __________ they complete the annual sales target ahead of schedule. 【答案】if 【解析】考查条件状语从句引导词。句意：如果所有员工提前完成年度销售目标，公司将给他们发放奖金。空处引导真实条件句，表 “如果”，遵循 “主将从现” 规则，故填 if。 二、让步状语从句用法表 此表格梳理 6 类核心引导词的规则、倒装要求及语义差异，覆盖 “不可与 but 连用”“wh-ever 与 no matter wh - 区别” 等高频考点。 类型 具体引导词 核心规则 示例 常规让步 though/although 1. 可互换，表 “虽然”，不可与 but 连用，可与 yet/still 连用 2. though 可用于倒装（同 as），although 不可 3. 从句主语与主句主语一致时，可省略从句主语和 be 动词 Though/Although she studied hard, she didn’t pass.（正常） Tired as/though she was, she kept working.（though 倒装） 倒装让步 as/though 1. 必须倒装：表语（adj / 单数名词，省冠词）、状语（adv）或动词原形置于句首 2. 不可与 but 连用，可与 yet/still 连用 Child as he is, he knows a lot.（单数名词省冠词） Hard as he tried, he failed.（副词前置） 强调让步 even if/though 1. 可互换，表 “即使”，语气强于 though/although 2. 从句可表假设或事实，无需倒装 Even if it rains, we’ll go hiking. Even though he studied hard, he failed. 泛指让步 no matter wh-/wh-ever 1. 表 “无论……”，no matter wh - 仅引导状语从句；wh-ever 可引导状语从句和名词性从句 2. 常见搭配：no matter who/whoever（无论谁）、no matter how/however（无论怎样） No matter what/Whatever happens, stay calm. No matter where/Wherever she goes, her dog follows. 对比 / 让步 while 1. 表 “虽然”：位于句首，正式文体，可与 though/although 互换 2. 表 “对比”：位于句中，表 “然而” While I understand you, I can’t agree.（让步） He likes coffee, while she prefers tea.（对比） 选择让步 whether...or 1. 表 “无论…… 还是……”，可接形容词、介词短语或句子 2. 可简化为 “whether...or not” Whether rich or poor, everyone deserves respect. Whether she comes or not, we’ll start on time. 注意事项： 1. 所有让步引导词均不可与 but 连用：可加 yet/still 表转折（错误：Though he tried, but he failed；正确：Though he tried, he still failed）； 2. as 倒装需省单数名词冠词：不可加 a/an（错误：A child as he is；正确：Child as he is）； 3. wh-ever 与 no matter wh - 区别：引导名词性从句时只能用 wh-ever（错误：I’ll help no matter who asks；正确：I’ll help whoever asks）。 【对点练习】在空格处填入一个适当的单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空 1. __________ difficult the task may be, we will spare no effort to finish it on time. 【答案】However/No matter how 【解析】考查让步状语从句引导词。句意：无论这项任务有多难，我们都会不遗余力地按时完成它。空处修饰形容词 “difficult”，表 “无论多么”，“however/no matter how+adj” 符合用法，故填 However/No matter how。 2. __________ he is only a middle school student, he has already developed a new app to help the elderly use smartphones easily. 【答案】Though/Although/While 【解析】考查让步状语从句引导词。句意：尽管他只是一名中学生，却已经开发了一款新应用，帮助老年人轻松使用智能手机。空处表 “让步”，且从句为主系表结构，无倒装需求，though/although/while 均适用，故填 Though/Although/While。 3. __________ hard she tried to explain her mistake, her teacher still didn’t believe her. 【答案】As/Though 【解析】考查让步状语从句的倒装。句意：尽管她努力解释自己的错误，老师仍然不相信她。空处引导倒装让步从句，副词 “hard” 置于句首，需用 as/though，故填 As/Though。 4. __________ happens, remember to stay calm and call me immediately. 【答案】Whatever/No matter what 【解析】考查让步状语从句引导词。句意：无论发生什么事，记住保持冷静并立即给我打电话。空处表 “无论什么”，在从句中作主语，“whatever/no matter what” 符合用法，故填 Whatever/No matter what。 5. __________ you choose to study abroad or stay in China for further education, your parents will support your decision. 【答案】Whether 【解析】考查让步状语从句引导词。句意：无论你选择出国留学还是留在中国深造，父母都会支持你的决定。空处与 “or” 搭配表 “无论…… 还是……”，需用 whether，故填 Whether。 三、条件状语从句用法表 此表格梳理 7 类核心引导词的语义、时态规则及特殊用法，聚焦 “主将从现”“only if 倒装”“unless 与 if not 区别” 等难点。 类型 引导词 核心规则（语义 + 时态） 示例 基本条件 if 1. 表 “如果”，引导真实条件句 2. 时态：主句将来时 / 祈使句 / 情态动词句，从句用一般现在时（主将从现） If it rains tomorrow, we’ll stay home. If you finish homework, you can play. 否定条件 unless 1. 表 “除非”，语义 = if not，语气强于 if not 2. 时态：同 if（主将从现），不可与 not 连用（双重否定） I’ll go unless it rains. = I’ll go if it doesn’t rain. She won’t pass unless she studies. 唯一条件 only if 1. 表 “只有…… 才”，强调条件唯一性 2. 时态：同 if；从句位于句首时，主句需部分倒装 3. 与 if only（表 “但愿”）区分 Only if you work hard will you pass.（倒装） If only I had studied harder.（虚拟，非条件） 预防条件 in case/for fear that 1. in case：表 “以防”，从句可用陈述语气或虚拟语气（should + 动原） 2. for fear that：表 “生怕”，从句需带 may/might/should Take an umbrella in case it rains. He left early for fear that he might miss the train. 突发条件 once 1. 表 “一旦”，强调条件达成后的即时结果 2. 时态：同 if（主将从现） Once you finish homework, you can watch TV. Once the door closes, it locks automatically. 灵活条件 as long as/on condition that/providing 1. as long as：表 “只要”，语义宽松 2. on condition that：表 “条件是”，强调附加条件 3. providing/supposing：表 “假如”，非正式文体 4. 时态：同 if（主将从现） You can borrow the book as long as you return it. We’ll hire you on condition that you pass the test. 注意事项： 1. 严格遵循 “主将从现”：主句用将来时 / 祈使句 / 情态动词句，从句必须用一般现在时（错误：If it will rain, we’ll stay；正确：If it rains, we’ll stay）； 2. unless 不可加 not：本身表否定，加 not 会构成双重否定（错误：I won’t go unless it doesn’t rain；正确：I’ll go unless it rains）； 3. 区分 only if 与 if only：only if 表 “条件”，if only 表 “愿望”（虚拟），不可混淆（错误：Only if I had more time；正确：If only I had more time）。 【对点练习】在空格处填入一个适当的单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空 1. You __________ (not allow) to enter the lab unless you wear protective clothing and goggles. 【答案】will not be allowed 【解析】考查条件状语从句的时态及被动语态。句意：除非你穿上防护服并戴上护目镜，否则不允许进入实验室。空处遵循 “主将从现” 规则，主句用一般将来时；“you” 与 “allow” 为被动关系，需用被动语态，故填 will not be allowed。 2. __________ you finish writing the report, please send it to my email address before 5 p.m. today. 【答案】Once 【解析】考查条件状语从句引导词。句意：一旦你写完报告，请在今天下午 5 点前发送到我的邮箱地址。空处表 “一旦”，强调条件达成后的即时动作，once 符合用法，故填 Once。 3. Only if you __________ (practice) speaking English every day __________ (you make) great progress in a short time. 【答案】practice; will you make 【解析】考查条件状语从句的倒装及时态。句意：只有你每天练习说英语，才能在短时间内取得很大进步。“only if” 引导条件从句，从句遵循 “主将从现” 用一般现在时；从句位于句首，主句需部分倒装，将 will 置于主语前，故填 practice; will you make。 4. Take a raincoat with you in case it __________ (rain) this afternoon when you go hiking. 【答案】rains/should rain 【解析】考查条件状语从句的时态。句意：带上雨衣，以防你下午去徒步时下雨。“in case” 引导预防条件句，从句可用一般现在时（陈述语气）或 “should + 动词原形”（虚拟语气），故填 rains/should rain。 5. We can postpone the meeting on condition that everyone __________ (inform) of the change in advance. 【答案】is informed 【解析】考查条件状语从句的时态及被动语态。句意：只要提前通知所有人会议变更，我们可以推迟会议。“on condition that” 引导条件从句，遵循 “主将从现” 用一般现在时；“everyone” 与 “inform” 为被动关系，需用被动语态，故填 is informed。 四、目的与结果状语从句对比表 此表格对比两类从句的引导词、语义及结构差异，解决 “so that 表目的还是结果” 的混淆问题。 类型 引导词 核心规则（语义 + 结构） 示例 目的状语从句 so that/in order that 1. 语义：表 “为了、以便”，体现动作目的 2. 结构： - so that：主句后，非正式可省 that，从句常带 can/could/may 等情态动词 - in order that：正式文体，可与 so that 互换，主句后 3. 无逗号分隔 He studied hard so that he could pass.（so that 目的） We practice daily in order that we may win. 结果状语从句 so that/such that/so...that/such...that 1. 语义：表 “以至于”，体现动作结果 2. 结构： - so that：主句后，前可加逗号，从句无情态动词 - such that：正式文体，主句多为主系表结构 - so...that：so+adj/adv/a (n)+ 名词 + that - such...that：such+a (n)+adj + 单名 /adj + 复名 / 不可数名 + that 3. 可加逗号分隔 They missed the train, so that they waited.（so that 结果） It was so hot that we stayed indoors.（so...that） It was such a hot day that we stayed indoors.（such...that） 注意事项： 1. 区分 so that 的双重功能：带情态动词（can/could）表目的，无情态动词、前有逗号表结果（错误：He studied hard so that he passed；正确：He studied hard so that he could pass（目的）/He studied hard, so that he passed（结果））； 2. so 与 such 的搭配规则：so 修饰 adj/adv，such 修饰名词（错误：so a hot day；正确：so hot a day 或 such a hot day）； 3. 区分 so/such...as 与 so/such...that：as 引导定语从句（缺成分），that 引导结果从句（不缺成分）（错误：It’s such a good book as I like it；正确：It’s such a good book that I like it（结果）/It’s such a good book as I like（定语））。 【对点练习】在空格处填入一个适当的单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空 1. The teacher repeated the key points several times __________ all the students could understand them clearly. 【答案】so that/in order that 【解析】考查目的状语从句引导词。句意：老师把重点内容重复了好几遍，以便所有学生都能清楚理解。空处引导从句表 “动作目的”，从句含情态动词 “could”，符合 so that/in order that 的用法，故填 so that/in order that。 2. The film was __________ touching that many audience members couldn’t help shedding tears while watching it. 【答案】so 【解析】考查结果状语从句的 “so...that” 结构。句意：这部电影如此感人，以至于很多观众在观看时忍不住落泪。空处修饰形容词 “touching”，符合 “so+adj+that” 的结果从句结构，故填 so。 3. They walked very fast for a long time, __________ that they arrived at the destination an hour earlier than planned. 【答案】so 【解析】考查结果状语从句的 “so that” 结构。句意：他们快速走了很长时间，结果比计划提前一小时到达了目的地。空处引导结果从句，前有逗号且从句无情态动词，符合 “so that 表结果” 的用法，故填 so。 4. It was __________ a difficult math problem that even the top student in our class spent half an hour solving it. 【答案】such 【解析】考查结果状语从句的 “such...that” 结构。句意：这是一道如此难的数学题，以至于我们班的尖子生都花了半小时才解出来。空处修饰 “a difficult math problem”（可数名词单数），符合 “such+a+adj + 单名 + that” 的结构，故填 such。 5. She saved every penny she earned __________ she could buy a new computer for her younger brother’s birthday. 【答案】so that/in order that 【解析】考查目的状语从句引导词。句意：她把挣来的每一分钱都存起来，为的是能在弟弟生日时给他买一台新电脑。空处引导从句表 “存钱的目的”，从句含情态动词 “could”，需用 so that/in order that，故填 so that/in order that。 五、易混易错点对比表 此表格梳理 “时态呼应”“so 与 such 区别” 两大高频易错点，明确判断标准与避坑技巧。 易混类型 核心区别 正确示例 错误示例 时态呼应（状语从句 vs 宾语从句） 1. 状语从句：“主将从现”（主句将来 / 祈使 / 情态，从句现） 2. 宾语从句：无 “主将从现”，从句时态依语境 状语：If it rains, we’ll go.（主将从现） 宾语：I wonder if it will rain.（无主将从现） 状语：If it will rain, we’ll go.（错） 宾语：I wonder if it rains.（错，语境需将来时） so 与 such 区别 1. so（副词）：修饰 adj/adv/ 动词，句型：so+adj/adv/adj+a (n) 名 + that 2. such（形容词）：修饰名词，句型：such+a (n) adj 单名 /adj 复名 /adj 不可数名 + that 3. 单名可转换：so+adj+a (n) 名 = such+a (n) adj 名 so：so beautiful a girl / so fast he ran such：such a beautiful girl / such beautiful girls 转换：so hot a day = such a hot day so：so a beautiful girl（错） such：such hot a day（错） 注意事项： 1. 状语从句 “主将从现” 不可灵活：即使从句表将来，也需用一般现在时（错误：Once you will finish, call me；正确：Once you finish, call me）； 2. so 修饰动词需置于动词后：不可置于句首（错误：So he ran fast that he won；正确：He ran so fast that he won）； 3. 不可数名词 / 复数名词仅用 such：so 不可直接修饰（错误：so beautiful girls；正确：such beautiful girls）。 【对点练习】在空格处填入一个适当的单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空 1. The little boy asked his mother __________ the moon __________ (go) around the earth or the sun. 【答案】whether; goes 【解析】考查宾语从句的引导词及时态（对比状语从句 “主将从现”）。句意：小男孩问妈妈月亮是绕着地球转还是绕着太阳转。空处引导宾语从句表 “是否”，用 whether；从句表客观真理，需用一般现在时，故填 whether; goes。 2. The weather was __________ hot __________ we decided to stay indoors all day instead of going out. 【答案】so; that 【解析】考查结果状语从句的 “so...that” 结构（对比 “such...that”）。句意：天气如此热，以至于我们决定一整天待在室内，不出去。空处修饰形容词 “hot”，符合 “so+adj+that” 结构，若用 such 需改为 “such hot weather that”，故填 so; that。 3. My parents will take me to visit the Great Wall this summer __________ I pass all the final exams. 【答案】if 【解析】考查条件状语从句的 “主将从现”（对比宾语从句）。句意：如果我通过所有期末考试，父母今年夏天会带我去参观长城。空处引导真实条件句，遵循 “主将从现”，主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时，故填 if。 4. It is __________ a beautiful garden __________ many tourists come to take photos here every weekend. 【答案】such; that 【解析】考查结果状语从句的 “such...that” 结构（对比 “so...that”）。句意：这是一个如此美丽的花园，以至于每个周末都有很多游客来这里拍照。空处修饰 “a beautiful garden”（可数名词单数），符合 “such+a+adj + 单名 + that” 结构，故填 such; that。 5. The teacher told us that we __________ (have) a class meeting next Monday if the school __________ (not have) other arrangements. 【答案】would have; didn’t have 【解析】考查宾语从句中的时态（对比状语从句 “主将从现”）。句意：老师告诉我们，如果学校没有其他安排，下周一我们将开班会。主句 “told” 为过去时，宾语从句需用相应过去时态；条件从句表过去的假设，用一般过去时，主句用过去将来时，故填 would have; didn’t have。 六、解题方法（括号法）应用表 此表格梳理 “括号法” 的步骤与应用场景，解决长难句中状语从句的定位与理解问题。 步骤 具体操作 应用示例（2025 全国一卷阅读 C 篇） 1. 定位引导词 识别状语从句引导词（though/if/when 等），标记从句起点 原句：Although these campaigns were widespread, the reality is that the majority of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car. 引导词：Although 2. 标注从句范围 用括号括出从引导词到从句结束的部分（找到从句主谓，确保完整） 标注后：(Although these campaigns were widespread), the reality is that the majority of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car. 3. 提取主句主干 去掉括号内的从句，分析主句的主谓宾 / 主系表结构 主句主干：the reality is that...（表语从句） 4. 整合逻辑关系 结合引导词语义，梳理主句与从句的逻辑（如让步、条件） 逻辑：让步（尽管运动广泛，实际城市仍围绕汽车设计） 注意事项： 1. 从句需完整：不可漏括从句的主语或谓语（错误：(Although these campaigns) were widespread...；正确：(Although these campaigns were widespread), ...）； 2. 区分多层从句：若句中有多个从句，需分别用括号标注，先处理状语从句，再分析其他从句（如名词性从句）； 3. 适用于所有长难句：不仅限于状语从句，非谓语、介词短语等均可通过括号法 “去枝叶，留主干”。 【对点练习】翻译并分析下面长难句 Involving the kids in planning the vacation makes sure that they have a great vacation too. I prefer to visit historical sites and museums while they love to fish and swim. So I build in some relaxation time for us all so that the vacation can work for everyone. 翻译：____________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ 分析：____________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ 翻译：让孩子们参与假期规划，能确保他们也能度过一个愉快的假期。我喜欢参观历史景点和博物馆，而他们喜欢钓鱼和游泳。所以我为大家安排了一些放松时间，这样假期对每个人来说都能顺利进行。 分析：整体框架：第一句为【动名词短语作主语 + 谓语 + 宾语从句】；第二句为【主句 + while 引导的并列句（表对比）】；第三句为【主句 + so that 引导的目的状语从句】。句中成分：第一句：【Involving the kids in planning the vacation】主语（动名词短语）【makes sure】谓语 (that 【they】主语 【have】谓语 【a great vacation】宾语 【too】状语)（宾语从句）。第二句：【I】主语 【prefer to visit】谓语 【historical sites and museums】宾语 while 【they】主语 【love to fish and swim】谓语（while 为并列连词，表对比，连接两个分句）。第三句：【I】主语 【build in】谓语 【some relaxation time】宾语 【for us all】状语 so that 【the vacation】主语 【can work】谓语 【for everyone】状语（so that 引导目的状语从句）。 一、语法填空：在空格处填入一个适当的单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空 1．（24-25高三上·黑龙江哈尔滨·阶段练习） the region has plenty of rain, the soil here is not fertile. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】Although/Though 【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管该地区雨水充沛，但这里的土壤并不肥沃。根据句意可知，空处需要一个连接词来表示让步关系，即尽管有某个条件存在，但结果仍然是另一个情况，可用although或though引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管”之意，句首单词首字母大写。故填Although或Though。 2．（24-25高三上·黑龙江·阶段练习） we like it or not, we have to finish the task. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】Whether 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：不管我们喜不喜欢，我们都必须完成任务。本空引导让步状语从句，whether…or not…为固定句型，意思是“无论是否……”，本空用whether，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Whether。 3．（23-24高三上·陕西西安·阶段练习）Though (attack) with cancer, he still keeps optimistic. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】attacked 【详解】考查时态，语态和省略。句意：虽然患了癌症，他仍然保持乐观。句子表示“虽然患了癌症，他仍然保持乐观”，由keeps 可知，句子时态是一般现在时，he和attack是逻辑动宾关系，因此用一般现在时的被动语态，though引导的让步状语从句是Though he is attacked with cancer，从句中主语和主句主语一致，且从句中有be动词，因此可省略从句中的主语和be动词，因此空格处是attacked。故填attacked。 4．（25-26高三上·上海·阶段练习） you turn a deaf ear to the criticism from the masses, you are sure to commit errors in the work. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】If 【详解】考查条件状语从句。句意：如果你对群众的批评充耳不闻，你肯定会在工作中犯错误。根据句意可知，本句为if引导的条件状语从句，位于句首，首字母大写。 故填If。 5．（2025高三·全国·专题练习） the bicycle hasn’t been used for a while, take it for a tune-up before you take it for a ride. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】If 【详解】考查条件状语从句。句意：如果自行车有一段时间没有用过，在骑车之前先把它调试一下。前后句之间为假设关系，表示“如果”，用连词if引导条件状语从句。故填If。 6．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）You’ll actually show up you know someone is waiting for you at the gym. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】if 【详解】考查条件状语从句。句意：如果你知道有人在健身房等你，实际上你就会出现在那儿。此处空格后you know someone is waiting for you at the gym是一个条件状语从句，if作为从属连词，意为“如果”，用于引导条件状语从句，故填if。 7．（2023高三·上海·专题练习）Involving the kids in planning the vacation makes sure that they have a great vacation too. I prefer to visit historical sites and museums while they love to fish and swim. So I build in some relaxation time for us all the vacation can work for everyone. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】so that 【详解】考查连词。句意：让孩子们参与计划假期可以确保他们也有一个很棒的假期。我喜欢参观历史古迹和博物馆，而他们喜欢钓鱼和游泳。所以我为大家安排了一些放松时间，这样每个人都能享受假期。so that以便，引导目的状语从句。根据句意，故填so that。 8．（2023高三·上海·专题练习）Strasser said Lowell got in through the back door, which he kept open at night so that Bonnie   get into the backyard. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】could 【详解】考查情态动词和目的状语从句。句意：Strasser说Lowell是从后门进来的，他晚上一直开着后门，这样邦妮就能进入后院。结合句意空处应填情态动词could，so that引导目的状语从句时经常与情态动词can/could/be able to连用。故填could。 9．（2022高三上·浙江·专题练习）Let's not pick these peaches until this weekend that they get sweet enough to be eaten.（用适当的词填空） 【答案】so 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：到周末我们再摘这些桃子吧，那样的话它们就足够甜，能吃了。由设空后的内容可判断出设空处引导目的状语从句，且设空后是that，故该空填so。so that “以便；为了”，引导目的状语从句，故填so。 10．（2024高三·全国·专题练习）They have a special relationship with fire that they call themselves the “fire nationality”. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】such 【详解】考查限定词。句意：他们与火有着如此特殊的关系，他们称自己为“火族”。根据句中名词词组a special relationship，可知由such修饰，且such与后面的that构成结果状语从句，such…that…意为“如此……以致于……”。故填such。 11．（2022高三上·浙江·专题练习）He liked it much that he quickly walked into the shop.（用适当的词填空） 【答案】so 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：他非常喜欢它，所以他很快走进了商店。so ... that ...为固定句型，意为“如此……以至于……”，so修饰much,。故填so。 12．（21-22高三上·吉林长春·开学考试）His plan was such a good one we all agreed to accept it. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：他的计划很好，我们都同意接受。引导结果状语从句，表示“如此……以至于……”为such...that...。故填that。 13．（20-21高三上·福建厦门·阶段练习）The Xiamen of today is still changing, so rapidly, in fact, maps of the city become outdated almost as soon as they (publish). (用适当的单词和所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】 that are published 【详解】考查结果状语从句的引导词和语态。句意：今天的厦门仍然在变化，变化如此之快，事实上，这个城市的地图几乎刚一出版就过时了。根据so rapidly可知此处要用that引导结果状语从句；时态是一般现在时，主语they指的是maps of the city，与publish之间是被动关系，因此要用一般现在时的被动语态。故填①that②are published。 【点睛】 14．（25-26高三上·福建厦门·开学考试） wealthy we may be, we can never find enough hours in the day to do everything we want. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】However 【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论我们多么富有，我们都不可能在一天中找到足够的时间来做我们想做的事情。空处引导让步状语从句，修饰形容词wealthy，表示“无论多么”，用however，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填However。 15．（2025高三·全国·专题练习） I was thrilled that he was an animal lover, I worried that three dogs were perhaps too many, and my dogs might attack Flora, the cat. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】While/Although/Though 【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：虽然我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者，但我担心三条狗可能太多了，我的狗可能会攻击猫弗洛拉。根据句意可知，前半句“I was thrilled that he was an animal lover”（我很高兴他是个动物爱好者）与后半句 “I worried that three dogs were perhaps too many...”（我担心三只狗可能太多了……）之间存在转折让步关系，因此应填入表示“虽然；尽管” 的引导词“While/ Although/ Though”，引导让步状语从句，满足句意要求。故填While/ Although/ Though。 一、阅读理解：完成下面选择题，翻译并分析文中划线的句子 Passage 1 （2025·全国一卷·高考真题）While safety improvements might have been made to our streets in recent years, transport studies also show declines in pedestrian (行人) mobility, especially among young children. Many parents say there’s too much traffic on the roads for their children to walk safely to school, so they pack them into the car instead. Dutch authors Thalia Verkade and Marco te Brömmelstroet are bothered by facts like these. In their new book Movement: How to Take Back Our Streets and Transform Our Lives, they call for a rethink of our streets and the role they play in our lives. Life on city streets started to change decades ago. Whole neighbourhoods were destroyed to make way for new road networks and kids had to play elsewhere. Some communities fought back. Most famously, a Canadian journalist who had moved her family to Manhattan in the early 1950s led a campaign to stop the destruction of her local park. Describing her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway, Jane Jacobs called on her mayor (市长) to champion “New York as a decent place to live, and not just rush through.” Similar campaigns occurred in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s as well. Although these campaigns were widespread, the reality is that the majority of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car. The number of cars on roads has been increasing rapidly. In Australia we now have over twenty million cars for just over twenty-six million people, among the highest rate of car ownership in the world. We invest a lot in roads that help us rush through, but we fail to account for the true costs. Do we really recognise what it costs us as a society when children can’t move safely around our communities? The authors of Movement have it right: it’s time to think differently about that street outside your front door. 1．What phenomenon does the author point out in paragraph 1? A．Cars often get stuck on the road. B．Traffic accidents occur frequently. C．People walk less and drive more. D．Pedestrians fail to follow the rules. 2．What were the Canadian journalist and other campaigners trying to do? A．Keep their cities livable. B．Promote cultural diversity. C．Help the needy families. D．Make expressways accessible. 3．What can be inferred about the campaigns in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s? A．They boosted the sales of cars. B．They turned out largely ineffective. C．They won government support. D．They advocated building new parks. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Why the Rush? B．What’s Next? C．Where to Stay? D．Who to Blame? 5. 分析语句：Although these campaigns were widespread, the reality is that the majority of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car. 翻译：____________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ 分析：____________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了西方城市过度围绕汽车设计导致行人流动性下降，尤其是儿童步行减少的现象，并通过历史案例和现状分析呼吁反思街道功能，重视城市宜居性。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“While safety improvements might have been made to our streets in recent years, transport studies also show declines in pedestrian (行人) mobility, especially among young children. Many parents say there’s too much traffic on the roads for their children to walk safely to school, so they pack them into the car instead. (虽然近年来我们的街道可能已经改善了安全性，但交通研究也表明行人的流动性下降，尤其是年轻儿童。许多家长说，路上的交通太拥挤，他们的孩子无法安全步行上学，所以他们把孩子塞进车里)”可知，作者指出的现象是人们步行减少、开车增多。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Most famously, a Canadian journalist who had moved her family to Manhattan in the early 1950s led a campaign to stop the destruction of her local park. Describing her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway, Jane Jacobs called on her mayor (市长) to champion “New York as a decent place to live, and not just rush through.” (最著名的是，一位加拿大记者在20世纪50年代初举家迁往曼哈顿，她领导了一场阻止当地公园被毁的运动。在描述她对用高速公路取代公园的提议感到震惊时，Jane Jacobs呼吁她的市长捍卫“纽约作为适宜居住的地方，而不仅是匆匆穿过的通道”)”可推知，加拿大记者和其他运动参与者旨在保持城市宜居性。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Although these campaigns were widespread, the reality is that the majority of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car. The number of cars on roads has been increasing rapidly. (尽管这些运动很普遍，但现实是大多数西方城市完全围绕汽车需求重新设计。道路上的汽车数量一直在迅速增加)”可推知，20世纪60年代末和70年代澳大利亚的竞选活动未能阻止汽车发展，基本上没有效果。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，并根据文章最后一段“We invest a lot in roads that help us rush through, but we fail to account for the true costs. Do we really recognise what it costs us as a society when children can’t move safely around our communities? (我们在帮助我们快速通过的道路上投入了大量资金，但我们没有考虑到真正的成本。我们真的认识到当孩子们不能在我们的社区安全地移动时，我们作为一个社会将会付出什么代价吗)”可推知，本文批判城市过度追求交通效率、忽视行人需求的现象，A项“Why the Rush? (为何匆匆？)”质问“rush through (匆匆通行)”的规划理念，契合主旨，最适合作为本文标题。故选A。 5. 翻译：尽管这些运动广泛开展，但实际情况是，大多数西方城市完全围绕汽车的需求进行了重新设计。 分析： 整体框架：(Although these campaigns were widespread) (让步状语从句), the reality is (that the majority of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car)(表语从句). 句中成分：(Although 【these campaigns】主语 【were】系动词 【widespread】表语) （让步状语从句）, 【the reality】主语 【is】系动词 (that 【the majority of the western cities】主语 【were completely redesigned】谓语 【around the needs of the motor car】状语)（表语从句）。 Passage 2 （2025·北京·高考真题）The call to “know yourself” has been there since ancient times, but our sense of self doesn’t always match what others perceive. Considering the stories we tell about ourselves can help us to change our minds for better. For many years, psychologists saw identity as a combination of someone’s values, beliefs, goals and social roles. Then, in the 1980s, Bob Johnson created the life story model of identity, in which he proposes that, as we go through life, these core features are built in with our memories to create a personal story through which we understand our lives. Our life story is something that starts coming together in our teenage years, when we begin to organise our lives into chapters around key events or life changes, and begin to see ourselves as both the central character and, to a varying extent, the story’s author. People with more consistent stories tend to have a stronger sense of identity, and they feel their life has more meaning, direction and sense of purpose. Such people show greater overall life satisfaction, too. Johnson has also investigated the link between well-being and certain story themes. He discovered that whether someone describes having had some control over events in their past is an important predictor of a person’s mental health. Another key theme involves finding some kind of positive meaning after stressful events. “People could talk about gaining knowledge or personal growth,” says Johnson. His research shows that this is often missing for people with mental health conditions. The good news is that there is evidence we can learn to change our own story. Lisa Green, another researcher, sounds a few notes of caution (谨慎). For instance, hearing about the power of redemptive (拯救性的) stories, many people may feel forced to find a positive angle on horrible events. She says that Western culture already pushes people to look for the silver lining behind every cloud. If you want to turn over a new leaf, though, one top tip is that it helps to choose a significant date that signals the start of a new “chapter”. Contrary to popular doubt, resolutions made on I January are more effective for this reason. So, whether your goal is saving money or getting fit, there is no better time to become the author of our own destiny (命运). 1. What can be inferred about personal stories? A．They are unrelated to health. B．Consistent ones lead to stress. C．They are relevant to happiness. D．Thematic ones hold back change. 2. What can we learn from this passage? A．Talking about gains from failure is negative. B．New Year resolutions are well received. C．The West tends to overvalue optimism. D．Social roles fail to be highlighted. 3. What does the author mainly do in this passage? A．Clarify a goal. B．Analyse an event. C．Make a comparison. D．Illustrate an approach. 4. What is the passage mainly about? A．How self-identity works. B．How story-tellers are made. C．How personal stories raise doubts. D．How timing affects personal identity. 5. 分析语句：If you want to turn over a new leaf, though, one top tip is that it helps to choose a significant date that signals the start of a new “chapter”. 翻译：____________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ 分析：____________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】1. C 2. C 3. D 4. A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了个人故事与自我认同、幸福感之间的关系及如何改变个人故事。 1. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“People with more consistent stories tend to have a stronger sense of identity, and they feel their life has more meaning, direction and sense of purpose. Such people show greater overall life satisfaction, too. (拥有更一致故事的人往往有更强的身份认同感，他们觉得自己的生活更有意义、更有方向、更有目标感。这样的人总体上对生活的满意度也更高。)”可知，个人故事与幸福感相关。故选C。 2. 推理判断题。根据第五段中“She says that Western culture already pushes people to look for the silver lining behind every cloud.  (她说，西方文化已经促使人们在每一片乌云背后寻找一线希望。)”可推知，西方倾向于过度重视乐观主义。故选C。 3. 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段“The call to “know yourself” has been there since ancient times, but our sense of self doesn’t always match what others perceive. Considering the stories we tell about ourselves can help us to change our minds for better. (“认识你自己”这一呼吁自古便有，但我们对自己的认知并不总是与他人对我们的看法相吻合。思考我们讲述的关于自己的故事，能帮助我们以更好的方式改变自己的想法。)”和第二段中“Then, in the 1980s, Bob Johnson created the life story model of identity, in which he proposes that, as we go through life, these core features are built in with our memories to create a personal story through which we understand our lives. (然后，在20世纪80年代，鲍勃·约翰逊创造了身份的生活故事模型，他提出，在我们的一生中，这些核心特征与我们的记忆一起构建了一个个人故事，我们通过这个故事来理解我们的生活。)”以及第四段中“Johnson has also investigated the link between well-being and certain story themes. (约翰逊还研究了幸福感与某些故事主题之间的联系。)”可推知，文章主要阐述了个人故事与自我认同、幸福感之间的关系，并举例说明了如何通过改变个人故事来影响自我认同和幸福感，因此作者主要是在阐述一种方法。故选D。 4. 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“The call to “know yourself” has been there since ancient times, but our sense of self doesn’t always match what others perceive. Considering the stories we tell about ourselves can help us to change our minds for better. (“认识你自己”这一呼吁自古便有，但我们对自己的认知并不总是与他人对我们的看法相吻合。思考我们讲述的关于自己的故事，能帮助我们以更好的方式改变自己的想法。)”和第二段中“Then, in the 1980s, Bob Johnson created the life story model of identity, in which he proposes that, as we go through life, these core features are built in with our memories to create a personal story through which we understand our lives. (然后，在20世纪80年代，鲍勃·约翰逊创造了身份的生活故事模型，他提出，在我们的一生中，这些核心特征与我们的记忆一起构建了一个个人故事，我们通过这个故事来理解我们的生活。)”以及第四段中“Johnson has also investigated the link between well-being and certain story themes. (约翰逊还研究了幸福感与某些故事主题之间的联系。)”可推知，全文围绕“个人生活故事如何构建自我认知并影响幸福感”展开，分析了其形成、作用及相关研究。“How self-identity works. (自我认同是如何运作的。)”符合文意。故选A。 5. 翻译：不过，如果你想重新开始，一个顶级建议是，选择一个有意义的日期来标志新 “篇章” 的开始，这会很有帮助。 分析： 整体框架：(If you want to turn over a new leaf)（条件状语从句）, though, 【one top tip is (that it helps to choose a significant date (that signals the start of a new “chapter”))】（主句，含表语从句，表语从句内嵌套定语从句）。 句中成分：(If 【you】主语 【want to turn over a new leaf】谓语)（条件状语从句）, though, 【one top tip】主语 【is】系动词 (that 【it】形式主语 【helps】谓语 【to choose a significant date】真正主语 (that 【signals】谓语 【the start of a new “chapter”】宾语))（表语从句，括号内为定语从句，修饰 “date”）。 Passage 3 （2025·北京·高考真题）What is adulthood? Societies all over the world view the concept of an adult as self-supporting and self-directed, because it identifies a point in the life cycle. As Alice Black points out, today’s parents’ fear of letting kids do more housework has added to their inability to feel competent and, thus, confident in themselves. Psychologist Robert Turner wrote about this in his book, The Life Cycle, mentioning a stage when kids learn self-direction and mastery. 1 But Turner’s other cycles are just as important. 2 If these life cycles are delayed, interrupted, or denied, you feel incapable of accessing your states of self, controlling unpleasant feelings, and manipulating (操控) the energy that puts together the fabric of your inner world. Turner wisely said that “doing well” psychologically is being able to roll with the flow of emotions, manage them, communicate clearly and well with others, and master various skills. This requires an internal locus (核心) of control, which implies self-control of your thoughts, feelings, and actions. 3 You’re self-directed and not reliant on the world to tell you who you are. And you know who you are within all this. So, being an adult isn’t just holding a job. Being an adult is about having a rooted sense of self while being capable of identifying and managing your emotions and actions. 4 We are a social species, so this is important. While raising an adult is a parent’s job, it’s also our responsibility as a society to ensure that we support schools that nurture (培养) emotional and identity development. 5 A．It’s also our job to support adults who need help repairing incomplete life cycles. B．They talk about someone’s inability to support themselves through work. C．It’s being able to show understanding when communicating with others. D．In other words, you’re playing the game of life — life isn’t playing you. E．They teach emotional awareness and management as well as identity. F．You feel like an 18-year old, especially when playing 80s music. G．When this stage is denied it creates a sense of insecurity. 6.分析语句： If these life cycles are delayed, interrupted, or denied, you feel incapable of accessing your states of self, controlling unpleasant feelings, and manipulating (操控) the energy that puts together the fabric of your inner world. 翻译：____________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ 分析：____________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】1. G 2. E 3. D 4. C 5. A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，文章主要探讨了成年人的定义及其所需具备的特质，并强调了社会在培养成年人方面的责任。 1. 由上文“As Alice Black points out, today’s parents’ fear of letting kids do more housework has added to their inability to feel competent and, thus, confident in themselves. Psychologist Robert Turner wrote about this in his book, The Life Cycle, mentioning a stage when kids learn self-direction and mastery. (正如Alice Black所指出的，如今父母害怕让孩子做更多家务，这加剧了孩子们无法感受到自身的能力，进而也导致他们对自己缺乏自信。心理学家Robert Turner在他的著作《生命周期》中提到了这一点，他提到了孩子们学习自我指导和掌握技能的阶段。)”可知，本空应强调这个阶段的重要性或缺失这个阶段会带来什么影响。G选项“When this stage is denied it creates a sense of insecurity. (当这个阶段被剥夺时，就会产生一种不安全感。)”符合题意，承接上文，说明了这个阶段被剥夺的后果。故选G。 2. 由上文“But Turner’s other cycles are just as important. (但Turner的其他周期也同样重要。)”以及下文“If these life cycles are delayed, interrupted, or denied, you feel incapable of accessing your states of self, controlling unpleasant feelings, and manipulating (操控) the energy that puts together the fabric of your inner world. (如果这些生命周期被延迟、中断或拒绝，你会觉得自己无法进入自我状态，无法控制不愉快的情绪，也无法操控构成你内心世界结构的能量。)”可知，本空应解释它们的重要性体现在哪里。E选项“They teach emotional awareness and management as well as identity. (它们教授情感意识和管理以及身份认同。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选E。 3. 由上文“Turner wisely said that “doing well” psychologically is being able to roll with the flow of emotions, manage them, communicate clearly and well with others, and master various skills. This requires an internal locus (核心) of control, which implies self-control of your thoughts, feelings, and actions. (Turner明智地指出，从心理上讲，“做得好”就是能够顺应情绪的流动，管理它们，与他人清晰而良好地沟通，并掌握各种技能。这需要一个内部的控制点，这意味着对自己的思想、情感和行动进行自我控制。)”可知，本空应进一步解释这种内部控制点或自我控制的意义。D选项“In other words, you’re playing the game of life — life isn’t playing you. (换句话说，你是在玩人生的游戏——而不是人生在玩你。)”能承接上文，符合题意，用比喻的方式解释了内部控制点的意义，即你能够掌控自己的人生，而不是被人生所掌控。故选D。 4. 由上文“So, being an adult isn’t just holding a job. Being an adult is about having a rooted sense of self while being capable of identifying and managing your emotions and actions. (所以，成为一个成年人不仅仅是拥有一份工作。成为一个成年人意味着拥有一种根深蒂固的自我意识，同时能够识别和管理自己的情绪和行动。)”可知，本空应进一步描述成年人的其他特质或能力。C选项“It’s being able to show understanding when communicating with others. (它是在与他人交流时能够表现出理解。)”能承接上文，符合题意，补充了成年人在与他人交流时应具备的能力，即表现出理解。故选C。 5. 由上文“While raising an adult is a parent’s job, it’s also our responsibility as a society to ensure that we support schools that nurture (培养) emotional and identity development. (虽然培养一个成年人是父母的工作，但作为社会，我们也有责任确保我们支持那些培养情感和身份发展的学校。)”可知，本空应进一步描述社会在培养成年人方面的其他责任。A选项“It’s also our job to support adults who need help repairing incomplete life cycles. (支持那些需要帮助修复不完整生命周期的成年人也是我们的工作。)”能承接上文，符合题意，补充了社会在培养成年人方面的另一项责任，即支持那些需要帮助修复不完整生命周期的成年人。故选A。 6. 翻译：如果这些生命周期被推迟、中断或阻断，你会感到无法进入自我状态、无法控制不愉快的情绪，也无法操控构建你内心世界结构的能量。 分析： 整体框架：(If these life cycles are delayed, interrupted, or denied)（条件状语从句，被动语态）, 【you feel incapable of accessing your states of self, controlling unpleasant feelings, and manipulating the energy (that puts together the fabric of your inner world)】（主句，含 “feel + 形容词短语” 结构，宾语部分嵌套定语从句）。 句中成分：(If 【these life cycles】主语 【are delayed, interrupted, or denied】谓语（被动语态）)（条件状语从句）, 【you】主语 【feel】谓语 【incapable of accessing your states of self, controlling unpleasant feelings, and manipulating the energy】（形容词短语作表语，“of” 后接三个并列动名词短语作宾语） (that 【puts together】谓语 【the fabric of your inner world】宾语)（定语从句，修饰先行词 “energy”）。 Passage 4 （2025·全国二卷·高考真题）When Sonja Detrinidad opened her online shop selling houseplants, she didn’t have high hopes for it. But the opposite happened: She was flooded, shipping out 1,200 orders in June of 2020 alone. In the past year, Detrinidad sent out more than 70,000 plants. Her success is just one example of increased time at home leading to an explosion in the houseplant industry. “Plants are in fashion right now,” says Dr. Melinda Knuth, a researcher from the University of Florida. “People who live in plant-rich environments report a higher life satisfaction rating, ” she says. “Adding more nature to our environment can change our mood and how we think.” Plants can improve our state of mind in a few ways but the biggest is by decreasing our level of cortisol, the stress hormone (激素) in our body. “Students who are around plants perform better academically than students who are in a classroom without plants,” says Knuth. “This productivity also translates into the workplace for adults. Our study showed that there was a 30% decrease in sick leave for people who were in plant-rich workplaces.” If you’re among the groups of people who are enjoying the mental and physical health benefits of surrounding yourself with plants, don’t beat yourself up if one (or a few!) doesn’t make it. “Doctors practice medicine and lawyers practice law and you should allow yourself the practice it takes to sustain a plant. Tending to plants is an exercise in patience and learning. Be invested in taking care of it, but if it dies, go get another one,” Detrinidad says. 1. How was Detrinidad’s business when it started? A．It faced tough competition. B．It suffered a great loss. C．It got lots of financial support. D．It went surprisingly well. 2. What is one of Knuth’s findings about plants? A．They appeal more to students. B．They purify the environment. C．They raise the cortisol level. D．They enhance productivity. 3. What does Detrinidad try to explain by mentioning doctors and lawyers? A．The necessity of social skills. B．The meaning of sustainability. C．The importance of repeated efforts. D．The value of professional opinions. 4. What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Time to Replace Houseplants B．Plants Boost Your Mood C．Tips on Choosing Houseplants D．Plants Brighten Your Home 5. 分析语句：If you’re among the groups of people who are enjoying the mental and physical health benefits of surrounding yourself with plants, don’t beat yourself up if one (or a few!) doesn’t make it. 翻译：____________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ 分析：____________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】1. D 2. D 3. C 4. B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要通过Detrinidad的创业经历和专家研究，说明室内植物对人们心理健康和工作效率的积极影响，以及近年来居家趋势推动了室内植物产业的发展。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“When Sonja Detrinidad opened her online shop selling houseplants, she didn’t have high hopes for it. But the opposite happened: She was flooded, shipping out 1,200 orders in June of 2020 alone. (当Sonja Detrinidad开设她的网店售卖室内植物时，她并没有抱太大的期望。但结果却恰恰相反：订单如潮水般涌来，仅在2020年6月就寄出了1200份订单)”可知，Sonja Detrinidad刚开始开网店卖室内植物时，并没有抱太大希望，但实际情况是订单很多，生意出奇地好。故选D。 2. 细节理解题。根据第三段中的““Students who are around plants perform better academically than students who are in a classroom without plants,” says Knuth. “This productivity also translates into the workplace for adults. Our study showed that there was a 30% decrease in sick leave for people who were in plant-rich workplaces.”(Knuth表示：“身处植物周围的学生，其学业表现比在没有植物的教室里的学生更出色。这种效率提升同样适用于成年人的工作场合。我们的研究显示，在植物丰富的工作环境中，人们的病假率降低了 30%。”)”可知，Knuth的研究发现，接触植物的学生学业表现更好，成年人在植物丰富的工作环境中生产率提高，病假率降低，因此，“植物能提升生产率”是她的发现之一。故选D。 3. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的““Doctors practice medicine and lawyers practice law and you should allow yourself the practice it takes to sustain a plant. Tending to plants is an exercise in patience and learning. Be invested in taking care of it, but if it dies, go get another one,” Detrinidad says. (Detrinidad说：“医生需要不断实践医术，律师需要持续精进法律实务，而养护植物同样需要给自己练习的机会。照料植物是一种培养耐心和学习的过程。要用心呵护它，但如果它枯萎了，就再养一株新的。”)”可知，Detrinidad通过类比医生和律师需要不断实践来强调“照顾植物需要反复尝试”。她认为养植物失败是正常的，重要的是持续努力。由此推断，她提到医生和律师是为了解释“重复努力的重要性”。故选C。 4. 主旨大意题。文章第一段以Detrinidad的成功为例引出室内植物行业的兴起，第二段至第三段通过Knuth的研究说明植物能通过降低皮质醇水平改善心情、提升生产率，第四段鼓励人们尝试养植物。全文核心围绕“植物对情绪和健康的积极影响”展开。选项B“Plants Boost Your Mood (植物改善你的情绪)”最能概括文章主旨，适合作为文章的标题。故选B。 5. 翻译：如果你属于那种通过置身植物环境来享受身心健康益处的人群，就算有一株（或几株！）植物没存活下来，也别自责。 分析： 整体框架：(If you’re among the groups of people (who are enjoying the mental and physical health benefits of surrounding yourself with plants))（条件状语从句，从句内嵌套定语从句）, 【don’t beat yourself up (if one (or a few!) doesn’t make it)】（主句，为祈使句，主句内嵌套条件状语从句）。 句中成分：(If 【you】主语 【are】系动词 【among the groups of people】表语 (who 【are enjoying】谓语 【the mental and physical health benefits】宾语 【of surrounding yourself with plants】定语（修饰 “benefits”）))（条件状语从句，括号内为定语从句，修饰先行词 “people”）, 【don’t beat】谓语 【yourself】宾语 【up】副词（补充说明 “beat” 的程度） (if 【one (or a few!)】主语 【doesn’t make】谓语 【it】宾语)（条件状语从句，修饰主句祈使句）。 25 / 27 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $高考核心语法·精练 第3讲 状语从句-1 2026年高考英语语法专项突破（全国通用） （语法讲义+模拟练习+真题操练） 内容提要 思维导图 表格呈现 对点练习 单题突破 综合提升 一、状语从句基础框架表 此表格梳理状语从句的核心定义、重点分类及引导词，明确 “从句 = 副词功能” 的核心逻辑，是理解状语从句的基础。 类别 具体内容 定义 句中相当于副词，修饰主句的动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，表时间、条件、让步、目的、结果等逻辑关系，需通过特定引导词连接主句与从句 重点分类及引导词 1. 让步状语从句：though/although/as, even if/though, no matter wh-/wh-ever, while, whether...or 2. 条件状语从句：if, unless, once, in case, as long as, on condition that, supposing/providing 3. 目的状语从句：so that, in order that 4. 结果状语从句：so that, such that, so...that, such...that 基本特征 1. 引导词不可省略，需明确体现逻辑关系 2. 主句与从句之间无逗号分隔（结果状语从句表补充说明时可加逗号） 3. 从句用陈述句语序，不可用疑问句语序 注意事项： 1. 不可混淆状语从句与其他从句：状语从句修饰 “动作 / 状态的逻辑关系”（如时间、条件），定语从句修饰 “名词”，名词性从句充当 “名词成分”，需通过功能判断； 2. 引导词需精准匹配逻辑：如表 “让步” 不可用 “if”（条件引导词），表 “目的” 不可用 “though”（让步引导词）（错误：He studied hard though he could pass the exam；正确：He studied hard so that he could pass the exam）。 【对点练习】在空格处填入一个适当的单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空 1. __________ the government takes effective measures to protect the environment, the air quality will continue to worsen in some industrial areas. 2. The volunteers are working day and night __________ they can provide enough food and water for the people affected by the flood. 3. __________ he has little work experience, he has shown great enthusiasm and quick learning ability in the new job. 4. The scientist has made a new discovery __________ will help solve the problem of water shortage in desert areas. 5. The company will offer a bonus to all employees __________ they complete the annual sales target ahead of schedule. 二、让步状语从句用法表 此表格梳理 6 类核心引导词的规则、倒装要求及语义差异，覆盖 “不可与 but 连用”“wh-ever 与 no matter wh - 区别” 等高频考点。 类型 具体引导词 核心规则 示例 常规让步 though/although 1. 可互换，表 “虽然”，不可与 but 连用，可与 yet/still 连用 2. though 可用于倒装（同 as），although 不可 3. 从句主语与主句主语一致时，可省略从句主语和 be 动词 Though/Although she studied hard, she didn’t pass.（正常） Tired as/though she was, she kept working.（though 倒装） 倒装让步 as/though 1. 必须倒装：表语（adj / 单数名词，省冠词）、状语（adv）或动词原形置于句首 2. 不可与 but 连用，可与 yet/still 连用 Child as he is, he knows a lot.（单数名词省冠词） Hard as he tried, he failed.（副词前置） 强调让步 even if/though 1. 可互换，表 “即使”，语气强于 though/although 2. 从句可表假设或事实，无需倒装 Even if it rains, we’ll go hiking. Even though he studied hard, he failed. 泛指让步 no matter wh-/wh-ever 1. 表 “无论……”，no matter wh - 仅引导状语从句；wh-ever 可引导状语从句和名词性从句 2. 常见搭配：no matter who/whoever（无论谁）、no matter how/however（无论怎样） No matter what/Whatever happens, stay calm. No matter where/Wherever she goes, her dog follows. 对比 / 让步 while 1. 表 “虽然”：位于句首，正式文体，可与 though/although 互换 2. 表 “对比”：位于句中，表 “然而” While I understand you, I can’t agree.（让步） He likes coffee, while she prefers tea.（对比） 选择让步 whether...or 1. 表 “无论…… 还是……”，可接形容词、介词短语或句子 2. 可简化为 “whether...or not” Whether rich or poor, everyone deserves respect. Whether she comes or not, we’ll start on time. 注意事项： 1. 所有让步引导词均不可与 but 连用：可加 yet/still 表转折（错误：Though he tried, but he failed；正确：Though he tried, he still failed）； 2. as 倒装需省单数名词冠词：不可加 a/an（错误：A child as he is；正确：Child as he is）； 3. wh-ever 与 no matter wh - 区别：引导名词性从句时只能用 wh-ever（错误：I’ll help no matter who asks；正确：I’ll help whoever asks）。 【对点练习】在空格处填入一个适当的单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空 1. __________ difficult the task may be, we will spare no effort to finish it on time. 2. __________ he is only a middle school student, he has already developed a new app to help the elderly use smartphones easily. 3. __________ hard she tried to explain her mistake, her teacher still didn’t believe her. 4. __________ happens, remember to stay calm and call me immediately. 5. __________ you choose to study abroad or stay in China for further education, your parents will support your decision. 三、条件状语从句用法表 此表格梳理 7 类核心引导词的语义、时态规则及特殊用法，聚焦 “主将从现”“only if 倒装”“unless 与 if not 区别” 等难点。 类型 引导词 核心规则（语义 + 时态） 示例 基本条件 if 1. 表 “如果”，引导真实条件句 2. 时态：主句将来时 / 祈使句 / 情态动词句，从句用一般现在时（主将从现） If it rains tomorrow, we’ll stay home. If you finish homework, you can play. 否定条件 unless 1. 表 “除非”，语义 = if not，语气强于 if not 2. 时态：同 if（主将从现），不可与 not 连用（双重否定） I’ll go unless it rains. = I’ll go if it doesn’t rain. She won’t pass unless she studies. 唯一条件 only if 1. 表 “只有…… 才”，强调条件唯一性 2. 时态：同 if；从句位于句首时，主句需部分倒装 3. 与 if only（表 “但愿”）区分 Only if you work hard will you pass.（倒装） If only I had studied harder.（虚拟，非条件） 预防条件 in case/for fear that 1. in case：表 “以防”，从句可用陈述语气或虚拟语气（should + 动原） 2. for fear that：表 “生怕”，从句需带 may/might/should Take an umbrella in case it rains. He left early for fear that he might miss the train. 突发条件 once 1. 表 “一旦”，强调条件达成后的即时结果 2. 时态：同 if（主将从现） Once you finish homework, you can watch TV. Once the door closes, it locks automatically. 灵活条件 as long as/on condition that/providing 1. as long as：表 “只要”，语义宽松 2. on condition that：表 “条件是”，强调附加条件 3. providing/supposing：表 “假如”，非正式文体 4. 时态：同 if（主将从现） You can borrow the book as long as you return it. We’ll hire you on condition that you pass the test. 注意事项： 1. 严格遵循 “主将从现”：主句用将来时 / 祈使句 / 情态动词句，从句必须用一般现在时（错误：If it will rain, we’ll stay；正确：If it rains, we’ll stay）； 2. unless 不可加 not：本身表否定，加 not 会构成双重否定（错误：I won’t go unless it doesn’t rain；正确：I’ll go unless it rains）； 3. 区分 only if 与 if only：only if 表 “条件”，if only 表 “愿望”（虚拟），不可混淆（错误：Only if I had more time；正确：If only I had more time）。 【对点练习】在空格处填入一个适当的单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空 1. You __________ (not allow) to enter the lab unless you wear protective clothing and goggles. 2. __________ you finish writing the report, please send it to my email address before 5 p.m. today. 3. Only if you __________ (practice) speaking English every day __________ (you make) great progress in a short time. 4. Take a raincoat with you in case it __________ (rain) this afternoon when you go hiking. 5. We can postpone the meeting on condition that everyone __________ (inform) of the change in advance. 四、目的与结果状语从句对比表 此表格对比两类从句的引导词、语义及结构差异，解决 “so that 表目的还是结果” 的混淆问题。 类型 引导词 核心规则（语义 + 结构） 示例 目的状语从句 so that/in order that 1. 语义：表 “为了、以便”，体现动作目的 2. 结构： - so that：主句后，非正式可省 that，从句常带 can/could/may 等情态动词 - in order that：正式文体，可与 so that 互换，主句后 3. 无逗号分隔 He studied hard so that he could pass.（so that 目的） We practice daily in order that we may win. 结果状语从句 so that/such that/so...that/such...that 1. 语义：表 “以至于”，体现动作结果 2. 结构： - so that：主句后，前可加逗号，从句无情态动词 - such that：正式文体，主句多为主系表结构 - so...that：so+adj/adv/a (n)+ 名词 + that - such...that：such+a (n)+adj + 单名 /adj + 复名 / 不可数名 + that 3. 可加逗号分隔 They missed the train, so that they waited.（so that 结果） It was so hot that we stayed indoors.（so...that） It was such a hot day that we stayed indoors.（such...that） 注意事项： 1. 区分 so that 的双重功能：带情态动词（can/could）表目的，无情态动词、前有逗号表结果（错误：He studied hard so that he passed；正确：He studied hard so that he could pass（目的）/He studied hard, so that he passed（结果））； 2. so 与 such 的搭配规则：so 修饰 adj/adv，such 修饰名词（错误：so a hot day；正确：so hot a day 或 such a hot day）； 3. 区分 so/such...as 与 so/such...that：as 引导定语从句（缺成分），that 引导结果从句（不缺成分）（错误：It’s such a good book as I like it；正确：It’s such a good book that I like it（结果）/It’s such a good book as I like（定语））。 【对点练习】在空格处填入一个适当的单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空 1. The teacher repeated the key points several times __________ all the students could understand them clearly. 2. The film was __________ touching that many audience members couldn’t help shedding tears while watching it. 3. They walked very fast for a long time, __________ that they arrived at the destination an hour earlier than planned. 4. It was __________ a difficult math problem that even the top student in our class spent half an hour solving it. 5. She saved every penny she earned __________ she could buy a new computer for her younger brother’s birthday. 五、易混易错点对比表 此表格梳理 “时态呼应”“so 与 such 区别” 两大高频易错点，明确判断标准与避坑技巧。 易混类型 核心区别 正确示例 错误示例 时态呼应（状语从句 vs 宾语从句） 1. 状语从句：“主将从现”（主句将来 / 祈使 / 情态，从句现） 2. 宾语从句：无 “主将从现”，从句时态依语境 状语：If it rains, we’ll go.（主将从现） 宾语：I wonder if it will rain.（无主将从现） 状语：If it will rain, we’ll go.（错） 宾语：I wonder if it rains.（错，语境需将来时） so 与 such 区别 1. so（副词）：修饰 adj/adv/ 动词，句型：so+adj/adv/adj+a (n) 名 + that 2. such（形容词）：修饰名词，句型：such+a (n) adj 单名 /adj 复名 /adj 不可数名 + that 3. 单名可转换：so+adj+a (n) 名 = such+a (n) adj 名 so：so beautiful a girl / so fast he ran such：such a beautiful girl / such beautiful girls 转换：so hot a day = such a hot day so：so a beautiful girl（错） such：such hot a day（错） 注意事项： 1. 状语从句 “主将从现” 不可灵活：即使从句表将来，也需用一般现在时（错误：Once you will finish, call me；正确：Once you finish, call me）； 2. so 修饰动词需置于动词后：不可置于句首（错误：So he ran fast that he won；正确：He ran so fast that he won）； 3. 不可数名词 / 复数名词仅用 such：so 不可直接修饰（错误：so beautiful girls；正确：such beautiful girls）。 【对点练习】在空格处填入一个适当的单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空 1. The little boy asked his mother __________ the moon __________ (go) around the earth or the sun. 2. The weather was __________ hot __________ we decided to stay indoors all day instead of going out. 3. My parents will take me to visit the Great Wall this summer __________ I pass all the final exams. 4. It is __________ a beautiful garden __________ many tourists come to take photos here every weekend. 5. The teacher told us that we __________ (have) a class meeting next Monday if the school __________ (not have) other arrangements. 六、解题方法（括号法）应用表 此表格梳理 “括号法” 的步骤与应用场景，解决长难句中状语从句的定位与理解问题。 步骤 具体操作 应用示例（2025 全国一卷阅读 C 篇） 1. 定位引导词 识别状语从句引导词（though/if/when 等），标记从句起点 原句：Although these campaigns were widespread, the reality is that the majority of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car. 引导词：Although 2. 标注从句范围 用括号括出从引导词到从句结束的部分（找到从句主谓，确保完整） 标注后：(Although these campaigns were widespread), the reality is that the majority of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car. 3. 提取主句主干 去掉括号内的从句，分析主句的主谓宾 / 主系表结构 主句主干：the reality is that...（表语从句） 4. 整合逻辑关系 结合引导词语义，梳理主句与从句的逻辑（如让步、条件） 逻辑：让步（尽管运动广泛，实际城市仍围绕汽车设计） 注意事项： 1. 从句需完整：不可漏括从句的主语或谓语（错误：(Although these campaigns) were widespread...；正确：(Although these campaigns were widespread), ...）； 2. 区分多层从句：若句中有多个从句，需分别用括号标注，先处理状语从句，再分析其他从句（如名词性从句）； 3. 适用于所有长难句：不仅限于状语从句，非谓语、介词短语等均可通过括号法 “去枝叶，留主干”。 【对点练习】翻译并分析下面长难句 Involving the kids in planning the vacation makes sure that they have a great vacation too. I prefer to visit historical sites and museums while they love to fish and swim. So I build in some relaxation time for us all so that the vacation can work for everyone. 翻译：____________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ 分析：____________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ 一、语法填空：在空格处填入一个适当的单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空 1．（24-25高三上·黑龙江哈尔滨·阶段练习） the region has plenty of rain, the soil here is not fertile. (用适当的词填空) 2．（24-25高三上·黑龙江·阶段练习） we like it or not, we have to finish the task. (用适当的词填空) 3．（23-24高三上·陕西西安·阶段练习）Though (attack) with cancer, he still keeps optimistic. (所给词的适当形式填空) 4．（25-26高三上·上海·阶段练习） you turn a deaf ear to the criticism from the masses, you are sure to commit errors in the work. (用适当的词填空) 5．（2025高三·全国·专题练习） the bicycle hasn’t been used for a while, take it for a tune-up before you take it for a ride. (用适当的词填空) 6．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）You’ll actually show up you know someone is waiting for you at the gym. (用适当的词填空) 7．（2023高三·上海·专题练习）Involving the kids in planning the vacation makes sure that they have a great vacation too. I prefer to visit historical sites and museums while they love to fish and swim. So I build in some relaxation time for us all the vacation can work for everyone. (用适当的词填空) 8．（2023高三·上海·专题练习）Strasser said Lowell got in through the back door, which he kept open at night so that Bonnie   get into the backyard. (用适当的词填空) 9．（2022高三上·浙江·专题练习）Let's not pick these peaches until this weekend that they get sweet enough to be eaten.（用适当的词填空） 10．（2024高三·全国·专题练习）They have a special relationship with fire that they call themselves the “fire nationality”. (用适当的词填空) 11．（2022高三上·浙江·专题练习）He liked it much that he quickly walked into the shop.（用适当的词填空） 12．（21-22高三上·吉林长春·开学考试）His plan was such a good one we all agreed to accept it. (用适当的词填空) 13．（20-21高三上·福建厦门·阶段练习）The Xiamen of today is still changing, so rapidly, in fact, maps of the city become outdated almost as soon as they (publish). (用适当的单词和所给词的适当形式填空) 14．（25-26高三上·福建厦门·开学考试） wealthy we may be, we can never find enough hours in the day to do everything we want. （用适当的词填空） 15．（2025高三·全国·专题练习） I was thrilled that he was an animal lover, I worried that three dogs were perhaps too many, and my dogs might attack Flora, the cat. (用适当的词填空) 一、阅读理解：完成下面选择题，翻译并分析文中划线的句子 Passage 1 （2025·全国一卷·高考真题）While safety improvements might have been made to our streets in recent years, transport studies also show declines in pedestrian (行人) mobility, especially among young children. Many parents say there’s too much traffic on the roads for their children to walk safely to school, so they pack them into the car instead. Dutch authors Thalia Verkade and Marco te Brömmelstroet are bothered by facts like these. In their new book Movement: How to Take Back Our Streets and Transform Our Lives, they call for a rethink of our streets and the role they play in our lives. Life on city streets started to change decades ago. Whole neighbourhoods were destroyed to make way for new road networks and kids had to play elsewhere. Some communities fought back. Most famously, a Canadian journalist who had moved her family to Manhattan in the early 1950s led a campaign to stop the destruction of her local park. Describing her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway, Jane Jacobs called on her mayor (市长) to champion “New York as a decent place to live, and not just rush through.” Similar campaigns occurred in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s as well. Although these campaigns were widespread, the reality is that the majority of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car. The number of cars on roads has been increasing rapidly. In Australia we now have over twenty million cars for just over twenty-six million people, among the highest rate of car ownership in the world. We invest a lot in roads that help us rush through, but we fail to account for the true costs. Do we really recognise what it costs us as a society when children can’t move safely around our communities? The authors of Movement have it right: it’s time to think differently about that street outside your front door. 1．What phenomenon does the author point out in paragraph 1? A．Cars often get stuck on the road. B．Traffic accidents occur frequently. C．People walk less and drive more. D．Pedestrians fail to follow the rules. 2．What were the Canadian journalist and other campaigners trying to do? A．Keep their cities livable. B．Promote cultural diversity. C．Help the needy families. D．Make expressways accessible. 3．What can be inferred about the campaigns in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s? A．They boosted the sales of cars. B．They turned out largely ineffective. C．They won government support. D．They advocated building new parks. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Why the Rush? B．What’s Next? C．Where to Stay? D．Who to Blame? 5. 分析语句：Although these campaigns were widespread, the reality is that the majority of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car. 翻译：____________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ 分析：____________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ Passage 2 （2025·北京·高考真题）The call to “know yourself” has been there since ancient times, but our sense of self doesn’t always match what others perceive. Considering the stories we tell about ourselves can help us to change our minds for better. For many years, psychologists saw identity as a combination of someone’s values, beliefs, goals and social roles. Then, in the 1980s, Bob Johnson created the life story model of identity, in which he proposes that, as we go through life, these core features are built in with our memories to create a personal story through which we understand our lives. Our life story is something that starts coming together in our teenage years, when we begin to organise our lives into chapters around key events or life changes, and begin to see ourselves as both the central character and, to a varying extent, the story’s author. People with more consistent stories tend to have a stronger sense of identity, and they feel their life has more meaning, direction and sense of purpose. Such people show greater overall life satisfaction, too. Johnson has also investigated the link between well-being and certain story themes. He discovered that whether someone describes having had some control over events in their past is an important predictor of a person’s mental health. Another key theme involves finding some kind of positive meaning after stressful events. “People could talk about gaining knowledge or personal growth,” says Johnson. His research shows that this is often missing for people with mental health conditions. The good news is that there is evidence we can learn to change our own story. Lisa Green, another researcher, sounds a few notes of caution (谨慎). For instance, hearing about the power of redemptive (拯救性的) stories, many people may feel forced to find a positive angle on horrible events. She says that Western culture already pushes people to look for the silver lining behind every cloud. If you want to turn over a new leaf, though, one top tip is that it helps to choose a significant date that signals the start of a new “chapter”. Contrary to popular doubt, resolutions made on I January are more effective for this reason. So, whether your goal is saving money or getting fit, there is no better time to become the author of our own destiny (命运). 1. What can be inferred about personal stories? A．They are unrelated to health. B．Consistent ones lead to stress. C．They are relevant to happiness. D．Thematic ones hold back change. 2. What can we learn from this passage? A．Talking about gains from failure is negative. B．New Year resolutions are well received. C．The West tends to overvalue optimism. D．Social roles fail to be highlighted. 3. What does the author mainly do in this passage? A．Clarify a goal. B．Analyse an event. C．Make a comparison. D．Illustrate an approach. 4. What is the passage mainly about? A．How self-identity works. B．How story-tellers are made. C．How personal stories raise doubts. D．How timing affects personal identity. 5. 分析语句：If you want to turn over a new leaf, though, one top tip is that it helps to choose a significant date that signals the start of a new “chapter”. 翻译：____________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ 分析：____________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ Passage 3 （2025·北京·高考真题）What is adulthood? Societies all over the world view the concept of an adult as self-supporting and self-directed, because it identifies a point in the life cycle. As Alice Black points out, today’s parents’ fear of letting kids do more housework has added to their inability to feel competent and, thus, confident in themselves. Psychologist Robert Turner wrote about this in his book, The Life Cycle, mentioning a stage when kids learn self-direction and mastery. 1 But Turner’s other cycles are just as important. 2 If these life cycles are delayed, interrupted, or denied, you feel incapable of accessing your states of self, controlling unpleasant feelings, and manipulating (操控) the energy that puts together the fabric of your inner world. Turner wisely said that “doing well” psychologically is being able to roll with the flow of emotions, manage them, communicate clearly and well with others, and master various skills. This requires an internal locus (核心) of control, which implies self-control of your thoughts, feelings, and actions. 3 You’re self-directed and not reliant on the world to tell you who you are. And you know who you are within all this. So, being an adult isn’t just holding a job. Being an adult is about having a rooted sense of self while being capable of identifying and managing your emotions and actions. 4 We are a social species, so this is important. While raising an adult is a parent’s job, it’s also our responsibility as a society to ensure that we support schools that nurture (培养) emotional and identity development. 5 A．It’s also our job to support adults who need help repairing incomplete life cycles. B．They talk about someone’s inability to support themselves through work. C．It’s being able to show understanding when communicating with others. D．In other words, you’re playing the game of life — life isn’t playing you. E．They teach emotional awareness and management as well as identity. F．You feel like an 18-year old, especially when playing 80s music. G．When this stage is denied it creates a sense of insecurity. 6.分析语句： If these life cycles are delayed, interrupted, or denied, you feel incapable of accessing your states of self, controlling unpleasant feelings, and manipulating (操控) the energy that puts together the fabric of your inner world. 翻译：____________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ 分析：____________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ Passage 4 （2025·全国二卷·高考真题）When Sonja Detrinidad opened her online shop selling houseplants, she didn’t have high hopes for it. But the opposite happened: She was flooded, shipping out 1,200 orders in June of 2020 alone. In the past year, Detrinidad sent out more than 70,000 plants. Her success is just one example of increased time at home leading to an explosion in the houseplant industry. “Plants are in fashion right now,” says Dr. Melinda Knuth, a researcher from the University of Florida. “People who live in plant-rich environments report a higher life satisfaction rating, ” she says. “Adding more nature to our environment can change our mood and how we think.” Plants can improve our state of mind in a few ways but the biggest is by decreasing our level of cortisol, the stress hormone (激素) in our body. “Students who are around plants perform better academically than students who are in a classroom without plants,” says Knuth. “This productivity also translates into the workplace for adults. Our study showed that there was a 30% decrease in sick leave for people who were in plant-rich workplaces.” If you’re among the groups of people who are enjoying the mental and physical health benefits of surrounding yourself with plants, don’t beat yourself up if one (or a few!) doesn’t make it. “Doctors practice medicine and lawyers practice law and you should allow yourself the practice it takes to sustain a plant. Tending to plants is an exercise in patience and learning. Be invested in taking care of it, but if it dies, go get another one,” Detrinidad says. 1. How was Detrinidad’s business when it started? A．It faced tough competition. B．It suffered a great loss. C．It got lots of financial support. D．It went surprisingly well. 2. What is one of Knuth’s findings about plants? A．They appeal more to students. B．They purify the environment. C．They raise the cortisol level. D．They enhance productivity. 3. What does Detrinidad try to explain by mentioning doctors and lawyers? A．The necessity of social skills. B．The meaning of sustainability. C．The importance of repeated efforts. D．The value of professional opinions. 4. What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Time to Replace Houseplants B．Plants Boost Your Mood C．Tips on Choosing Houseplants D．Plants Brighten Your Home 5. 分析语句：If you’re among the groups of people who are enjoying the mental and physical health benefits of surrounding yourself with plants, don’t beat yourself up if one (or a few!) doesn’t make it. 翻译：____________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ 分析：____________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ 14 / 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $