课时作业三　阅读理解提分练C-【成功方案】2025年高考英语艺术生文化课总复习教师用书(Word)

课时作业三　阅读理解提分练C 【词汇清障】 阅读理解C1　词汇连线题 第一组 1．manuscript A．外交的；外交上的 2．account B．手稿；原稿 3．strategic C．叙述；描述 4．diplomatic D．商品；货物 5．commodity E．战略上的；关键的 答案　1－B；2－C；3－E；4－A；5－D 第二组 1．concentrate A．调查、询问 2．context B．集中(注意力等)；全神贯注 3．diverse C．背景；上下文 4．luxury D．各种各样的；不同的 5．inquiry E．奢华；奢侈品 答案　1－B；2－C；3－D；4－E；5－A 阅读理解C2　词汇连线题 第一组 1．obesity A．新陈代谢 2．epigenome B．表观基因组 3．metabolism C．肥胖；肥胖症 4．shed light on D．强调；着重指出 5．stress E．阐明；解释 答案　1－C；2－B；3－A；4－E；5－D 第二组 1．regulation A．沮丧的；失意的 2．stubborn B．调节；控制 3．frustrated C．顽固的；固执的 4．caution D．谨慎；警告 5．outsmart E．比……聪明；智胜 答案　1－B；2－C；3－A；4－D；5－E 阅读理解C3　词汇连线题 第一组 1．cognition A．客观的；不带偏见的 2．boost B．认知；认识 3．objective C．以第三人称 4．illeism D．增强；提高 5．in the third person E．用第三人称指代自己(的修辞手法) 答案　1－B；2－D；3－A；4－E；5－C 第二组 1．paradox A．困境；进退两难的局面 2．dilemma B．奇怪的；古怪的 3．odd C．悖论；自相矛盾的情况 4．modesty D．视角；观点 5．perspective E．谦虚；谦逊 答案　1－C；2－A；3－B；4－E；5－D 阅读理解C4　词汇连线题 第一组 1．non-verbal A．常规；惯例 2．convention B．紧凑的；简洁的 3．compact C．非语言的 4．sequence D．蒸发；消失 5．evaporate E．顺序；次序 答案　1－C；2－A；3－B；4－E；5－D 第二组 1．native A．序列；顺序 2．gesture B．手势；姿势 3．integrate C．本国的；本地的 4．sequence D．使结合；使一体化 5．abstract E．抽象的；抽象派的 答案　1－C；2－B；3－D；4－A；5－E 【习题精做】 阅读理解C1 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 (2025·云南曲靖一模)Based on the manuscripts (手稿) found in Dunhuang，China，Xin Wen's The Kings Road：Diplomacy and the Remaking of the Silk Road is an account of the diplomatic missions that took place in eastern Eurasia between 800 CE and 1100 CE. Rather than focusing on the political aspect of diplomatic relations，Xin Wen concentrates on the practical aspects of relations in what he calls a “bottom-up view” of diplomacy.The book is an excellent balance of detailed analysis of primary sources while also showing the significance of those documents in a broad historical context.This book shows Dunhuang's strategic importance since it lay at the heart of the conflicts and trade routes among various states in eastern Eurasia. This book is divided into three parts，and each part has its own guiding question.In Part One，the author asks：who became diplomatic travelers? The book then spends its first three chapters on this question.Chapter One introduces the Dunhuang manuscript collection.Chapter Two gives an account of the extremely diverse people who made up diplomatic missions.Chapter Three focuses on the commodities that the diplomats carried with them，such as food，clothes，texts，animals，and luxury items.Part Two poses the question：how did they travel? This question is answered in the next four chapters.Chapter Four looks at the physical conditions of the road，and Chapter Five deals with the social customs of travelers.Chapter Six explains the important role of gift-giving in diplomatic exchanges，and Chapter Seven studies the use of language.In Part Three，the author explores the inquiry regarding the types of international connections that the travelers created.The next three chapters of the book，which explore this question，respectively (分别地) look at the economic，political，and cultural consequences of the network of diplomatic travelers. The book's overall argument is that，despite the decline of the Tang Dynasty，the Silk Road continued to function as a mechanism for the exchange of people，goods，and ideas in eastern Eurasia.This book is a remarkably in-depth analysis of an important topic that has previously received little attention.As one might expect from such an academic book，it is written in a very formal and scholarly tone with few maps and illustrations.It would probably be a difficult book for a reader without some degree of familiarity with the topic.To the field of Asian Studies，this book is a highly valuable and insightful new contribution. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。本文简单介绍了中国学者欣文所著的《国王之路：外交与丝绸之路的重塑》一书。 1．Where is the text most probably taken from? A．An introduction to a book. B．A review of ancient manuscripts. C．A guidebook to diplomatic relations. D．An essay on the history of the Silk Road. A　推理判断题。根据文章首段“Xin Wen's The Kings Road：Diplomacy and the Remaking of the Silk Road is an account of the diplomatic missions that took place in eastern Eurasia between 800 CE and 1100 CE.(欣文的《国王之路：外交与丝绸之路的重塑》一书记述了公元800年至1100年间东欧亚地区的外交使节活动)”以及后文对书籍内容的详细描述，文章主要介绍了欣文所著的《国王之路：外交与丝绸之路的重塑》一书的内容、结构和主要论点，可以推断出这篇文章很可能是一篇书籍介绍。故选A。 2．What does Xin Wen center on in The King's Road：Diplomacy and the Remaking of the Silk Road? A．The discovery of manuscripts. B．The political aspect of diplomacy. C．The practical aspect of diplomatic relations. D．The conflicts of different states in Eurasia. C　细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Rather than focusing on the political aspect of diplomatic relations，Xin Wen concentrates on the practical aspects of relations in what he calls a ‘bottom-up view’ of diplomacy.(欣文没有专注于外交关系的政治方面，而是专注于他所称的“自下而上的外交观”中的关系的实用方面)”可知，欣文在该书中主要关注的是外交关系的实用方面。因此，选项C“The practical aspect of diplomatic relations.(外交关系的实用方面)”符合题意。故选C。 3．What is presented in Chapter Ten? A．Types of commodities that travelers carry. B．Economic consequences of the network of travelers. C．Political influences of the diplomatic travelers. D．Cultural connections that travelers created. D　细节理解题。根据文章第三段“In Part Three，the author explores the inquiry regarding the types of international connections that the travelers created.The next three chapters of the book，which explore this question，respectively (分别地) look at the economic，political，and cultural consequences of the network of diplomatic travelers.(在第三部分，作者探讨了旅行者所创造的国际联系类型的问题。书中接下来探讨这个问题的三个章节，分别审视了外交旅行者网络的经济、政治和文化影响)”以及后文提到的“Chapter Ten”属于第三部分的内容，可以推断出第十章介绍的是旅行者所创造的文化联系。故选D。 4．What is a feature of The King's Road：Diplomacy and the Remaking of the Silk Road? A．It offers a great analysis of an ignored topic. B．It adopts a down-to-earth writing style. C．It includes sufficient maps and illustrations. D．It is intended for someone unfamiliar with the topic. A　细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“This book is a remarkably in-depth analysis of an important topic that has previously received little attention.(这本书对一个以前很少受到关注的重要话题进行了非常深入的分析)”可知，《国王之路：外交与丝绸之路的重塑》一书的特点是对一个以前很少受到关注的重要话题进行了深入的分析。因此，选项A“It offers a great analysis of an ignored topic.(它对一个被忽视的话题进行了很好的分析)”符合题意。故选A。 阅读理解C2 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 (24－25·高三上山西太原期末)According to a study published in Nature，even after cutting significant weight，your fat cells might be hanging on to the “obesity (肥胖) memory”，which could explain why keeping the weight off can feel like an uphill battle. The issue lies in changes to the epigenome—a set of chemical tags on DNA and proteins that control gene activity.For fat cells，these changes can not only disturb normal functions like energy storage and hormone (荷尔蒙) regulation，but also send wrong signals to the parts of brain that regulate hunger and metabolism (新陈代谢). Researchers recently uncovered the stubborn tendency in humans.When analyzing fat tissue (组织) from weight-loss individuals and a control group with no history of obesity，they found a surprising pattern：Certain genes were much more active in the weight-loss group.As one participant joked，“It's like my fat cells are whispering，‘Hey，let's stock up for winter！’” Another admitted，“I can't stop thinking about food—I desire high-calorie snacks all the time！” These individuals not only experience heightened hunger and an intense appetite，but also face ametabolic reality where their bodies are more likely to store food as fat rather than burn it.As one frustrated dieter humorously remarked，“It feels like my body treats every meal like a once-in-a-lifetime feast！” While these findings shed light on the “memory” of obesity，scientists caution that the study does not prove that epigenetic changes directly cause weight regain.Hyun Cheol Roh，a metabolism expert，stressed that “more research is needed to pin down the exact role of these changes.” For those already on a weight-loss journey，staying slim isn't an impossible dream—it's achievable，though it does take effort.Laura Hinte，a biologist at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology，wants you to know：“Your fat cells might have a great memory，but you can outsmart them.Long-term success comes from building habits that stick—especially in diet and exercise.” Even so，the most effective way to beat obesity is to stop it before it starts—addressing it before it becomes a challenge. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了研究发现的“肥胖记忆”现象，即人们在减肥后，脂肪细胞可能仍保留着肥胖时的状态，导致体重容易反弹。这种现象与表观基因组的变化有关，这些变化会干扰脂肪细胞的正常功能，并向大脑发送错误的信号，影响饥饿感和新陈代谢的调节。 1．What does the “obesity memory” mean? A．People's weight is controlled by brain. B．People can't forget the overweight state. C．People can never change the old habits related to obesity. D．People have a tendency to go back to their previous weight. D　词句猜测题。根据文章第一段中的“According to a study published in Nature，even after cutting significant weight，your fat cells might be hanging on to the “obesity (肥胖) memory”，which could explain why keeping the weight off can feel like an uphill battle.(根据《自然》杂志上发表的一项研究，即使在大幅减重之后，脂肪细胞可能仍然保留着“肥胖记忆”，这可以解释为什么保持体重减轻感觉像是一场艰苦的战斗)”可知，人们减掉体重后，脂肪细胞还会使人们有回到原来体重的趋势，所以“肥胖记忆”指的就是人们有回到原来体重的倾向。D选项“People have a tendency to go back to their previous weight(人们有回到原来体重的倾向)”与原文描述相符。故选D。 2．What has researchers found in the weight-loss group? A．Their genes become much less active. B．They tend to cherish food and try not to waste it. C．They have increased appetite and slower metabolism. D．Their weight is more likely to bounce back in winter. C　细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“These individuals not only experience heightened hunger and an intense appetite，but also face a metabolic reality where their bodies are more likely to store food as fat rather than burn it.(这些人不仅饥饿感增强，食欲旺盛，而且还面临着一种新陈代谢的现实，即他们的身体更倾向于将食物储存为脂肪，而不是将其燃烧掉)”可知，研究人员在减肥小组中发现，这些减肥者食欲增强，新陈代谢变慢。C选项“They have increased appetite and slower metabolism.(他们食欲增强，新陈代谢变慢)”与原文描述相符。故选C。 3．What does the last paragraph emphasize about beating obesity? A．Instant recovery. B．Early prevention. C．Challenging goals. D．Effortless maintenance. B　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“Even so，the most effective way to beat obesity is to stop it before it starts—addressing it before it becomes a challenge.(即便如此，战胜肥胖最有效的方法就是在它开始之前就阻止它——在它成为挑战之前就解决它)”可知，作者强调要预防肥胖，在它开始之前就阻止它。B选项“Early prevention(早期预防)”符合题意。故选B。 4．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．Body shape is determined by genes. B．The hidden secret of epigenetic changes. C．Memory of fat cells：The reason for easy weight regain. D．Fat cells never change：Why losing weight is impossible. C　主旨大意题。根据文章第一段中的“According to a study published in Nature，even after cutting significant weight，your fat cells might be hanging on to the “obesity (肥胖) memory”，which could explain why keeping the weight off can feel like an uphill battle.(根据《自然》杂志上发表的一项研究，即使在大幅减重之后，脂肪细胞可能仍然保留着“肥胖记忆”，这可以解释为什么保持体重减轻感觉像是一场艰苦的战斗)”以及通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了根据一项发表在《自然》杂志上的研究，即使减掉了很多体重，脂肪细胞也可能还保留着“肥胖记忆”，导致体重容易反弹，解释了为什么保持体重不反弹会感觉像是一场艰难的战斗。因此，文章的最佳标题应该是与脂肪细胞的“肥胖记忆”和体重反弹相关的。C选项“Memory of fat cells：The reason for easy weight regain.(脂肪细胞的记忆：体重容易反弹的原因)”准确地概括了文章的主旨，是文章的最佳标题。故选C。 阅读理解C3 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 (24－25·高三上山西太原期末)As a writer specializing in psychology and human cognition (认知)，I've explored countless tricks to boost brainpower.Yet，few have proven as surprisingly effective as the ancient practice of illeism.Politicians often use this device to sound more objective，as Julius Caesar did in his account of the Gallic War，writing “Caesar avenged (为……报仇) the public” instead of “I avenged the public.” Simply put，illeism is the act of referring to oneself in the third person instead of the first person. Talking about yourself this way might sound overly formal or unusual to modern ears，but science says it works wonders.When tough decisions come knocking，speaking in the third person can help you stay calm，cutting through those messy emotions that often cloud our judgment.It's like giving your brain a little space to see the big picture. Research by Igor Grossmann at the University of Waterloo shows that we're naturally better at being“wise” when dealing with other people's problems than our own.This is known as Solomon's Paradox (悖论)，which explains why giving your best friend advice is a breeze (微风)，but solving your own is a drama. Can illeism help solve this paradox? Grossmann's research suggests it can.By shifting to the third person，we step back from our negative emotions and gain another perspective.Studies show that people who tried this displayed more modesty—basically，they made clearer decisions and leveled up their wisdom game.One study even found that participants who journaled in the third person for a month started seeing everyday situations in a whole new light.They also reported feeling less stressed and more positive. I've tried it myself，and honestly，it works! Whether it's challenging work decisions，family dilemmas，or handling friendships，this little mental shift has helped me see things more clearly and act more thoughtfully.Sure，it might sound a little odd at first，but it's incredibly effective.If you' re looking for a fun，easy way to clear your head，why not give it a shot? Who knows—you might just discover your inner Caesar. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文，介绍了心理学和认知领域的专家通过研究发现，使用第三人称代替第一人称(即使用代词“他/她”代替“我”来指代自己)这一古老的修辞手法(illeism)可以让人在面临艰难抉择时保持冷静，避开杂乱情绪对判断的干扰，有助于更清楚地看待事情，做出更有智慧的选择，并能减轻压力和增加积极情绪。 1．Why is Julius Caesar's example cited in the first paragraph? A．To reveal the source of illeism. B．To prove the effectiveness of illeism. C．To show the intelligence of politicians. D．To explain the development of a language. B　推理判断题。第一段中“Yet，few have proven as surprisingly effective as the ancient practice of illeism.(然而，很少有像illeism这种古老的做法被证明如此惊人地有效。)”以及“Politicians often use this device to sound more objective，as Julius Caesar did in his account of the Gallic War，writing “Caesar avenged (为……报仇) the public” instead of “I avenged the public.” Simply put，illeism is the act of referring to oneself in the third person instead of the first person.(政治家们经常使用这种手法来使自己听起来更客观，就像朱利叶斯·凯撒在他的《高卢战记》中所做的那样，他写道“凯撒为公众复仇了”，而不是“我为公众复仇了”。简而言之，illeism就是用第三人称指代自己，而不是用第一人称。)”可知，第一段中提到Julius Caesar的例子是为了证明像illeism这种古老的做法被证明如此惊人地有效，即为了证明illeism的有效性。故选B。 2．Which of the following sayings best reflects Solomon's Paradox? A．Out of sight，out of mind. B．Actions speak louder than words. C．A problem shared is a problem halved. D．You can't read the label from inside the jar. D　推理判断题。根据第三段中“Research by Igor Grossmann at the University of Waterloo shows that we're naturally better at being “wise” when dealing with other people's problems than our own.This is known as Solomon's Paradox (悖论)，which explains why giving your best friend advice is a breeze (微风)，but solving your own is a drama.(滑铁卢大学伊戈尔·格罗斯曼的研究表明，在处理别人的问题时，我们天生就比处理自己的问题时更“明智”。这被称为所罗门悖论，它解释了为什么给最好的朋友提建议轻而易举，但解决自己的问题却充满曲折。)”可知，所罗门悖论指的是人们在处理别人的问题时往往比处理自己的问题时更明智。选项D“You can't read the label from inside the jar.(你往往难以看清自己的问题)”恰好反映了这一悖论，意味着人们往往难以看清自己的问题，就像无法从罐子内部看清标签一样。故选D。 3．How does illeism aid decision-making? A．People can accept others' advice with modesty. B．People can adjust personal habits to handle issues. C．People can perfect their judgment by increasing wisdom. D．People can gain a fresh perspective with positive emotions. D　细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“By shifting to the third person，we step back from our negative emotions and gain another perspective.(通过切换到第三人称，我们从负面情绪中抽身出来，获得了另一个视角)”以及“Studies show that people who tried this displayed more modesty—basically，they made clearer decisions and leveled up their wisdom game.(研究表明，尝试过这种方法的人表现得更谦虚——基本上，他们做出了更清晰的决定，提升了他们的智慧水平。)”可知，illeism(用第三人称指代自己)有助于决策，因为它使人们能够从负面情绪中抽离出来，从而获得一个新的视角来看待问题，由此做出更清晰的决定。因此，D选项“People can gain a fresh perspective with positive emotions.(人们可以用积极的情绪获得一个新的视角)”符合题意。故选D。 4．Where is this text probably taken from? A．A psychology blog. B．A historical biography. C．A self-help guide. D．A scientific journal. A　推理判断题。通读全文，文章主要介绍了illeism(用第三人称指代自己)这一做法在心理学和认知领域的应用和效果，说明其有助于人们在面临决策时保持冷静，避开杂乱情绪对判断的干扰。由此推断出这篇文章很可能来自一个心理学博客。故选A。 阅读理解C4 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 (2025·云南大理二模)Regardless of what language we speak or whether we are blind or sighted，new research suggests a shared，universal non-verbal communication system comes to life when we gesture without talking. The study of children aged 3 to 12 years old was led by ，a psychological scientist at Georgia State University in Atlanta and a native Turkish speaker who studies language development in different types of learners and different language speakers. One hundred children were asked first to describe an action with words and hand movements and then to describe the same action without speaking using only their hands (what's known as silent gesture).Half the children were native English speakers，and the other 50 kids spoke Turkish as their first language.English and Turkish make for a good comparison because they differ in terms of how speakers of each language describe events. “If you're speaking Turkish，if you want to describe someone running into a house，you have to break it down into smaller parts.You say，“he's running and then he enters the house，” explains .“But if it's in English，they'll just say ‘he ran into the house，’ all in one compact sentence.” When children spoke and gestured at the same time，their gestures followed the conventions of their native language：Turkish-speaking children ordered their gestures the same as they structured a sentence，and English-speaking children integrated theirs into one movement. However，when describing the same scenes without speaking，the sequences of the children's hand gestures were remarkably similar.Language-specific differences in gestures had seemingly evaporated． and colleagues also found similar descriptions in earlier work with adults：blind English and Turkish speakers organized their gestures the same as sighted speakers did when they refrained(克制) from speaking. Past studies in German and English-speaking children have also found silent gestures don't necessarily follow the structure of a person's native language.However，those studies didn't directly compare different language speakers as this new one did.Of course，this research involved researchers interpreting abstract gestures from a few hundred—hardly enough data to support such a big claim，but certainly an interesting idea to explore. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了新的研究表明，当人们不说话只用手势交流时，会出现一种共享的、普遍的非语言交流系统。 1．Why did the researchers choose Turkish to make a comparison? A．Due to its similar sentence patterns. B．Due to its distinct description habits. C．Due to its impact on other languages. D．Due to its different cultural backgrounds. B　推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“English and Turkish make for a good comparison because they differ in terms of how speakers of each language describe events.(英语和土耳其语是一个很好的比较对象，因为这两种语言的使用者在描述事件的方式上存在差异)”可知，研究人员选择土耳其语进行对比是因为它在描述习惯上与英语有明显的不同，这种不同使得比较更加有意义。故选B。 2．What is the meaning of the underlined word “evaporated”？ A．Disappeared.　　　 B．Expanded. C．Remained. D．Multiplied. A　词义猜测题。根据文章第五段中的“However，when describing the same scenes without speaking，the sequences of the children's hand gestures were remarkably similar.Language-specific differences in gestures had seemingly evaporated.(然而，当孩子们在不说话的情况下描述相同的场景时，他们的手势顺序却非常相似。特定语言间的手势差异似乎evaporated。)”可知，孩子们在不说话的情况下描述场景时，他们的手势顺序非常相似，以至于特定语言间的手势差异似乎不再存在，即“消失了”。因此，“evaporated”在此处的意思是“消失了”，与A选项“Disappeared.(消失了)”相符。故选A。 3．What can be inferred from the passage? A．Non-verbal communication is structured differently in different languages. B．Visual ability influences the structure of non-verbal communication. C．Non-verbal communication has universal similarities when silent. D．The study's findings are definitive due to the large sample size. C　推理判断题。根据文章第五段中的“However，when describing the same scenes without speaking，the sequences of the children's hand gestures were remarkably similar.(然而，当描述相同的场景而不说话时，孩子们手势的顺序却非常相似)”以及最后一段中的“Past studies in German and English-speaking children have also found silent gestures don't necessarily follow the structure of a person's native language.(过去对德语和英语国家的儿童的研究也发现，无声的手势并不一定遵循一个人的母语结构)”可以推断出，不说话时非言语交流具有普遍的相似性。故选C。 4．What is the purpose of the last paragraph? A．To summarize the research methods adopted. B．To question the reliability of the study's findings. C．To emphasize the significance of the research. D．To suggest potential areas for future research.D　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“Of course，this research involved researchers interpreting abstract gestures from a few hundred—hardly enough data to support such a big claim，but certainly an interesting idea to explore.(当然，这项研究涉及研究人员从几百个抽象手势中进行解读——这些数据几乎不足以支持如此大的说法，但无疑是一个值得探索的有趣想法。)”可知，作者提到这项研究的数据并不足以支持其结论，但这是一个值得进一步探索的领域。因此，最后一段的目的是为未来的研究提出潜在领域。故选D 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $