第二部分 题型四 语法填空-【成功方案】2025年高考英语艺术生文化课总复习教师用书(Word)

2025-10-28
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梁山博圣图书有限公司
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学段 高中
学科 英语
教材版本 -
年级 高三
章节 -
类型 教案
知识点 -
使用场景 高考复习
学年 2025-2026
地区(省份) 全国
地区(市) -
地区(区县) -
文件格式 DOCX
文件大小 137 KB
发布时间 2025-10-28
更新时间 2025-10-28
作者 梁山博圣图书有限公司
品牌系列 成功方案·高考艺术生文化课总复习
审核时间 2025-10-28
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题型四 语法填空 一、题型解读 本题目要求考生在阅读理解一篇200词左右短文的基础上,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。该节主要考查考生依据语篇提供的语境灵活运用语法和语用知识的能力。本节共有10小题,其中6或7个小题提供单词的基本形式,其余3或4个小题由考生依据对语篇的理解来填入语义通顺、语法正确的单词。考生需在正确理解文章主旨大意的基础上,关注文章微观语境中词语、句子与整个篇章结构之间的联系,填写出所需单词。 二、考点设置 1.四个必考点 谓语动词、非谓语动词、词形转换、介词。 2.五个常考点 冠词(a/an,the)、连词、复合句(定语从句、状语从句;名词性从句)、代词以及形容词和副词的比较等级。 3.四个可考点 助动词、名词的格、特殊句式(倒装、强调和省略)以及语境填词(根据逻辑关系判断答案)。 三、解题高招 1.通读全文,把握大意 既然是通过语篇在语境中考语法,那么,我们在解题前,应快速浏览短文,把握全文大意,了解文章结构,同时注意全文的主要时态以及上下文的逻辑关系。 2.结合语境,试填空格 读懂短文之后,要结合短文所提供的特定的语言环境,从句子结构的完整性去分析思考空格所缺单词的词性,再根据句子的结构和意义,以及句子之间的逻辑关系来确定具体要填的单词和所给词的正确形式。具体来说,可按设题类型分为三类情况: (Ⅰ)无提示词试题的解题技巧 首先,分析句子结构,确定填哪类词。然后,再根据句子的意思,确定具体填什么词;或根据两句间的逻辑关系确定具体用哪个连词。确定填哪类词有以下7个技巧: 技巧1:在简单句和并列句中,缺主语或宾语,一般是填代词或名词(多考代词)。如: [例1] I can send a message to Kenya whenever I want to,and ________ gets there almost in a second. 技巧2:名词前面,若没有限定词(冠词、形容词性物主代词、不定代词),很可能是填限定词。如: [例2] It is said that a short-tempered man in the Song Dynasty(960—1279)was very anxious to help ________ rice crop grow up quickly. [例3] ...the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to ________ small town some 20 kilometers away where there was a garage. 技巧3:句子不缺主语、表语、动词后不缺宾语的情况下,名词或代词前面,一般是填介词。如: [例4] ...who should have the honour of receiving me ________ a guest in their house. 技巧4:若两个或几个单词或短语之间没有连词,可能是填连词。如: [例5] ...two world-famous artists,Pablo Picasso ________ Candido Portinari,which are worth millions of dollars. [例6] ...all I saw was this beautiful girl,whose smile just melted me ________ almost instantly gave me a completely new sense of what life is all about. 技巧5:若两句(一个主谓关系算一个句子)之间没有连词,也没有分号或句号,一般是填并列连词或从属连词。如: [例7] I wanted to see as much of the city as possible in the two days ________ I was to return to Guangzhou. [例8] He was very tired after doing this for a whole day,________ he felt very happy. 技巧6:若结构较完整,空格后的谓语动词是原形,特别是与上下文时态不一致或主谓不一致时,很可能是填情态动词或表示强调或倒装的助动词(do,does,did等)。如: [例9] What is acceptable in one country ________ be considered extremely rude in another. [例10] He had no time or energy to play with his children or talk with his wife,but he ________ bring home a regular salary. 技巧7:由特殊的句式结构来判断空格应填的词。 (1)It is...that...强调结构。如: [例11] ________ was only after I heard she became sick that I learned she couldn't eat MSG(味精)! (2)倒装。如: [例12] Only if you study hard ________ you make rapid progress. (3)由it作形式主语或形式宾语的句式判断,空格处是否填it。如: [例13] ________ took them just three minutes to steal paintings by two world-famous artists... [例14] Dating sites also make ________ easy to avoid someone whom you are not interested in. (4)so/such...that...句型。如: [例15] This made the goat so jealous ________ it began plotting against(谋划对付)the donkey. (5)more...than...(与其说……不如说……,比……更……)句型。如: [例16] Cynthia's story shows vividly that people remember more how much a manager cares ________ how much he pays. (Ⅱ)给出了动词的试题的解题技巧 首先,判断要填的动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。然后按以下两点进行思考。 技巧8:若句中没有别的谓语动词,或者虽然已有谓语动词,但需填的动词与之是并列关系时,所给动词就是谓语动词;若是谓语动词,就要考虑人称(单复数)与时态、语态。 [例17] His fear of failure ________(keep)him from classroom games that other children played with joyous abandon. [例18] That was definitely not an attractive idea so I politely declined her invitation,________(close)my book and walked away. [例19] In Logan,three people ________(take)to a hospital,while others were treated at a local clinic. 技巧9:若句中已有谓语动词,又不是并列谓语时,所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定用-ing形式、-ed形式,还是用不定式形式,确定的方法主要有: (1)作主语或宾语,通常用-ing形式表示习惯或一般情况,用不定式表示具体的情况。如: [例20] I like ________(swim),but I don't like ________(swim)this afternoon. [例21] ________(speak)out your inner feeling won't make you feel ashamed,on the contrary... (2)作目的状语或者在形容词后作状语,一般用不定式。如: [例22] ________(complete)the project as planned,we'll have to work two more hours a day. [例23] Some people say that oldest children,who are smart and strong-willed,are very likely ________(succeed). (3)作伴随状语,常用分词,与逻辑主语是主动关系,用现在分词,是被动关系,用过去分词。如: [例24] He saw the stone,________(say)to himself:“The night will be very dark.” [例25] The headmaster went into the lab,________(follow)by the foreign guests. (4)不论非谓语动词在句中作何种成分,若判断需要用分词,与逻辑主语是主动关系用-ing形式,是被动关系用-ed形式。如: [例26] There will be a meeting,________(start)later this year to review the film. [例27] Lessons ________(learn)in sports can help us in our dealing with other people. (Ⅲ)词类转换题的解题技巧 根据该词在句子中所作句子成分确定用哪种形式。具体方法有: 技巧10:作表语、定语或补语,通常用形容词形式。如: [例28] The youngster immediately fell ________(silence)as tears flew down from his big blue eyes. [例29] In a ________(danger)part of the sea off the coast of New Zealand,they learnt to look for a dolphin called Jack. [例30] Teachers must try their best to make most of their students ________(interest)in the subject. 技巧11:作主语、在及物动词或介词后作宾语,用名词形式。如: [例31] When China's ancient scientific and technological ________(achieve)are mentioned,the nation will generally refer to the Four Great Inventions. [例32] These people have made great ________(contribute)to China with their work. [例33] ...instructors expect students to be familiar with ________(inform)in the reading... 技巧12:在形容词性物主代词后,或者在“冠词(+形容词)”后,用名词形式。如: [例34] ...the remains date from this period because of their ________(similar)to those found elsewhere. [例35] With the large numbers of students,the ________(operate)of the system does involve a certain amount of activity. 技巧13:修饰动词、形容词、副词,或整个句子,作状语,用副词形式。如: [例36] These days strange things happened ________(frequent)in the small village,which caused a panic among the villagers. [例37] There must be something ________(serious)wrong with our society. [例38] Singles are flocking(涌向)to the Internet ________(main)because their busy lifestyles leave them little time... 技巧14:括号中所给词有可能是要求词义转换,词类不一定要变,主要是考查具有与词根意义相反的派生词,需根据句子意思及前后逻辑关系,在词根前加un-,im-,in-,dis-,ir-,mis-,等,在词根后加-less,等。如: [例39] People certainly have a variety of reasons for going back to school but one important thing to know is,no knowledge is ________(use). [例40] Your mistake caused a lot of ________(necessary)work in the office. 技巧15:括号中所给动词也不一定是考动词的时态语态或非谓语动词,而是考词类转换;若是形容词或副词,有可能是考查其比较等级。如: [例41] ...there was a lot of information about the city's well-known tourist ________(attract)...  [例42] The other frog went on jumping as hard as he could...He jumped even ________(hard)and finally made himself out. 3.重读全文,解决难题 在解题过程中要先易后难,难题在大部分空格填好后,再经过仔细推敲,难题也就不会再难了。所有空格填好后,把整篇文章从头至尾复读一遍,检查全文语意是否连贯;检查语法是否正确;最后检查单词拼写,切记不能因为拼写而失分。 四、技巧总结 1.快速通读全文,把握中心意思。 2.弄清文章的体裁和题材、写作主线。 3.注意分析长句和复合句的句子结构。 4.注意上下文的联系。 5.根据上下文,分析空白处应填的词语的词性和语义。 6.对所填词语的语法形式是否准确进行检查。 答案 [例1] it [例2] the [例3] a [例4] as [例5] and [例6] which [例7] before [例8] but [例9] can [例10] could [例11] It [例12] can [例13] It [例14] it [例15] that [例16] than [例17] kept [例18] closed [例19] were taken [例20] swimming;to swim [例21] Speaking [例22] To complete [例23] to succeed [例24] saying [例25] followed [例26] starting [例27] learned [例28] silent [例29] dangerous [例30] interested [例31] achievements [例32] contributions [例33] information [例34] similarities [例35] operation [例36] frequently [例37] seriously [例38] mainly [例39] useless [例40] unnecessary [例41] attractions [例42] harder 阅读下列材料,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 一、(2025·全国高考Ⅰ卷) An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go,or weiqi in Chinese,1.________ originated in China more than 4,000 years ago. Go is one of 2.________ earliest binary-based (基于二元的) games.The movements of the black and white pieces reflect the basic ideas of Eastern philosophy,according to Tu Ningning,who is in charge of the exhibition. “The exhibition brings together Go culture,cutting-edge technology and contemporary art,” says Tu.“We hope 3.________ (present)the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context,and initiate dialogues with minimalist art,conceptual art and expressionism.” “In a Go game each move should serve a long-term goal.You try to lead the opponent into your trap and force them to follow your ‘4.________ (guide)’ till they lose,” explains Wang Wei,a Go player among the visitors to the exhibition. “The players' personalities 5.________ (reveal) during the game,and one's weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds.“A decent winner always 6.________ (try) to beat the opponent 7.________ no more than one or two points as a gesture (姿态) of respect for the other side.” Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces,the beauty in the 8.________ (strategy) placement of the pieces,9.________ the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings,sculptures,10.________ (digital) generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition. 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了上海久事美术馆举办的一场以围棋为灵感的艺术展览。 1.which 考查定语从句。句意:上海久事美术馆正在举办一场展览,展出的艺术品灵感来自围棋(中文称为“围棋”),它起源4000多年前的中国。本空引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词为Go,or weiqi in Chinese,指物,且关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语,所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。 2.the 考查冠词。句意:围棋是最早的基于二元的棋类游戏之一。形容词最高级前用定冠词the。故填the。 3.to present 考查非谓语动词。句意:我们希望在一个视觉语境中呈现相当抽象的围棋游戏和人工智能,并与极简主义艺术、观念艺术和表现主义展开对话。本句谓语为hope,此处为非谓语动词,hope to do sth.“希望做某事”,所以此处需用动词present“呈现”的不定式,作宾语。故填to present。 4.guidance 考查名词。句意:你试图引导对手进入你的陷阱,迫使他们跟随你的“引导”直到他们输掉。此处作follow的宾语,用名词guidance“引导”,不可数名词。故填guidance。 5.are revealed 考查动词语态。句意:她补充说:“玩家的个性在游戏中显露出来,一个人的弱点会暴露给对手。”本句描述一般事实,时态用一般现在时,且主语The players' personalities与动词reveal“揭示,显示”为被动关系,所以空处需用一般现在时态的被动语态,主语为复数,be动词用are。故填are revealed。 6.tries 考查时态和主谓一致。句意:一个不错的赢家总是尽力以仅仅一两分的优势击败对手,以表示对对方的尊重。根据always可知,本句描述一般事实,时态用一般现在时,主语a decent winner为第三人称单数,所以谓语需用try“尽力”的第三人称单数tries。故填tries。 7.by 考查介词。句意同上。“by+具体数值”表示“以(某一差值)”,此处指“以一到两分的优势”,符合语境。故填by。 8.strategic 考查形容词。句意:屠宁宁说,黑白棋子之间的平衡,棋子在策略布局上的美感,以及每一步棋所蕴含的能量流动,都激发了艺术家们为展览创作油画、雕塑、数字生成的图片和丝网版画。此处修饰名词placement,需用形容词strategic“战略性的,策略的”,作定语。故填strategic。 9.and 考查连词。句意同上。the balance between the black and white pieces,the beauty in the strategic placement of the pieces,the energy flow following each move三者为并列关系,作并列主语,所以空处需用连词and。故填and。 10.digitally 考查副词。句意同上。此处修饰形容词generated,需用副词digitally“数字地”,作状语。故填digitally。 二、(2025·全国高考Ⅱ卷) I was born and raised in Cleveland,Ohio in the United States.Yet now,I live in the countryside of Zhejiang,China with my Chinese husband and his family,1.________ bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains,chickens are always free-range,and 2.________ (center) heating doesn't exist. Nothing in my life before prepared me 3.________ this one-and to be sure,the first time I came here I never imagined I would ever feel comfortable in this area.But it's amazing how you can adapt 4.________ learn in a new environment.Over time,I've found 5.________ (I) feeling extremely at home here.And in the process,I've experienced things that really surprise me at times.The “sunshine scent (香味)” of freshly sunned clothes 6.________ (be) one of them. Growing up,my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing,denying me the chance 7.________ (discover) one of the great wonders of sunshine—the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clothes for an entire day.The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live,thanks to the 8.________ (absent) of smog and plenty of blue sky 9.________ (afternoon) with lots of fresh air. If you've never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt 10.________ (leave) to sun for a day,well,you're missing out on one of life's wonders. 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从美国到中国浙江农村生活的经历与感受。 1.where 考查定语从句。句意:然而现在,我和我的中国丈夫和他的家人住在中国浙江的农村,在那里山上野生竹子和茶树丛生,鸡总是自由放养的,而且没有集中供暖。本空引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词the countryside of Zhejiang,China,关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语,应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 2.central 考查形容词。句意同上。本空修饰名词heating,应用形容词central“中央的,中心的”,作定语。故填central。 3.for 考查介词。句意:我生命中没有任何事情能让我为这一切做好准备——可以肯定的是,我第一次来到这里时,从未想过我会在这个地方感到舒适。prepare sb.for...“使某人为……做好准备”,固定搭配。故填for。 4.and 考查连词。句意:但令人惊讶的是,你是如何适应并在新环境中学习的。adapt和learn是并列关系,应用连词and连接。故填and。 5.myself 考查反身代词。句意:随着时间的推移,我发现自己在这里有了宾至如归的感觉。本空指代主语I,表示“我自己”,应用反身代词myself。故填myself。 6.is 考查时态和主谓一致。句意:晒过的衣服的“阳光的味道”就是其中之一。本句描述的是一般事实,时态用一般现在时,且主语The “sunshine scent (香味)” of freshly sunned clothes为第三人称单数,be动词用is。故填is。 7.to discover 考查非谓语动词。句意:在我的成长过程中,我的家人和邻居从不使用晾衣绳晾晒衣物,这让我没有机会发现阳光的奇妙之处之一——将衣服晒了一整天后散发的甜美的“阳光的味道”。本句已有谓语used,此处应用非谓语动词,chance to do sth.“做某事的机会”,本空用discover的不定式,作定语。故填to discover。 8.absence 考查名词。句意:我住的地方,晒干的衣服闻起来特别香,这要归功于没有烟雾,而且下午的天很蓝天、空气新鲜。本空作thanks to的宾语,应用名词absence“缺乏,没有”,不可数名词。故填absence。 9.afternoons 考查名词的数。句意:我住的地方,晒干的衣服闻起来特别香,这要归功于没有烟雾,而且下午有很多蓝天和新鲜空气。afternoon“下午”是可数名词,此处指不止一个下午,应用复数形式afternoons。故填afternoons。 10.left 考查非谓语动词。句意:如果你从未体验过在阳光下晾晒了一整天的床单或衬衫散发的“阳光的味道”,那么你就错过了生活中的一大奇观。本句已有谓语have experienced,此处应用非谓语动词,a sheet or shirt和leave“使处于某种状态”之间是逻辑动宾关系,应用过去分词,作后置定语。故填left。 三、(2025·1月浙江首考) The price of fashion—economically and environmentally—has led to the rise of 1.________ new way of dressing,and it's beginning to take off in Australia,too.As people now choose to wear more clothes fewer 2.________ (time),clothing rental services have become increasingly popular. “I think it's an amazing idea,” says Tanya Perilli,who owns a clothing rental shop.“Customers today look past the fact that something is secondhand and focus instead 3.________ the fact that they have something unique to wear 4.________ are not overstuffing their own wardrobes (衣柜) or contributing to landfill.” Tanya's shop offers fashion clothes for women 5.________ (rent) rather than purchase them outright providing a less expensive 6.________ (solve) to one-time event dressing.The concept 7.________ (be) certainly not new—men have been renting good suits for decades—but for female shoppers,it is just taking off.This clothing-as-service model follows the broader societal movement towards shared economies. Tanya is also looking beyond special-occasion dresses to less formal clothing,8.________ she plans to package as capsule wardrobes and offer to travellers,such as those headed to weddings abroad,with a longer-term rental period.“I really want to make this work for 9.________ (people) lives today,and I know that doesn't always mean 10.________ (return) a dress on the Monday after a special weekend,” she says. 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了服装租赁服务在澳大利亚兴起的现象。 1.a 考查冠词。句意:时尚在经济和环境方面的代价催生了一种新的穿衣方式,这种方式也开始在澳大利亚流行起来。可数名词way在句中表示“一种方式”,泛指,且new发音以辅音音素开头,应用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 2.times 考查名词。句意:由于人们现在选择少穿的衣服更多了,服装租赁服务越来越受欢迎。time表示“次数”时是可数名词,fewer修饰可数名词复数形式。故填times。 3.on 考查介词。句意:如今的顾客不再关注衣服是二手的这一事实,而是关注他们有独特的衣服可穿,并且不会把自己的衣柜塞得满满当当,也不会造成垃圾填埋问题。focus on是固定短语,意为“关注,聚焦于”。故填on。 4.and 考查连词。句意:如今的顾客不再关注衣服是二手的这一事实,而是关注他们有独特的衣服可穿,并且不会把自己的衣柜塞得满满当当,也不会造成垃圾填埋问题。“have something unique to wear”和“are not overstuffing their own wardrobes...”是并列关系,have和are是谓语动词,应用连词and连接。故填and。 5.to rent 考查非谓语动词。句意:坦尼娅的店提供女性时尚服装供租赁,而不是让她们直接购买,为一次性活动着装提供了一个更便宜的解决方案。“for women ________ (rent)”作后置定语,修饰名词词组fashion clothes,意为“女性租赁的衣服”,用不定式to rent作后置定语,主动表被动。故填to rent。 6.solution 考查名词。句意:坦尼娅的店提供女性时尚服装供租赁,而不是让她们直接购买,为一次性活动着装提供了一个更便宜的解决方案。提示词作宾语,用名词solution,意为“解决方案”,有冠词a修饰,用单数形式。故填solution。 7.is 考查时态和主谓一致。句意:这个概念当然并不新鲜——几十年来,男性一直在租赁优质西装——但对于女性购物者来说,它才刚刚兴起。系动词be作谓语,句子陈述的是客观事实,用一般现在时,主语The concept是单数名词,谓语动词用单数形式is。故填is。 8.which 考查定语从句。句意:坦尼娅也在关注非正式服装,而不仅仅是特殊场合的礼服,她计划将这些服装打包成胶囊衣橱,提供给旅行者,比如那些前往国外参加婚礼的人,并提供更长期的租赁服务。“________ she plans to package as capsule wardrobes”是非限定性定语从句,修饰先行词less formal clothing,指物,关系词将其代入从句中作宾语,应用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。 9.people's 考查名词所有格。句意:我真的想让这个(服装租赁服务)适合如今人们的生活,我知道这并不总是意味着在一个特别的周末后的周一归还礼服。提示词修饰名词lives,需用名词所有格people's,作定语。故填people's。 10.returning 考查非谓语动词。句意:我真的想让这个(服装租赁服务)适合如今人们的生活,我知道这并不总是意味着在一个特别的周末后的周一归还礼服。根据句意,表示“意味着……”,用固定搭配mean doing sth.,意为“意味着做某事”,用动名词作宾语。故填returning。 四、(2025·北京卷) A Most days after school,I love walking in the forest with my dog Nick.It's 1.________ (peace),especially around sunset.Nick has a fun time smelling the leaves and running after rabbits.When Nick runs ahead,I hear him barking excitedly.I sometimes call him back,worried that he might have someone 2.________ (scare).The truth,though,is 3.________ could be guessed—there's never anyone else here.Just me,Nick,and the quiet forest. 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者大多数放学后和狗Nick在森林散步的时光。 1.peaceful 考查形容词。句意:这里很宁静,尤其是在日落时分。“is”后接形容词作表语,“peace”的形容词形式是“peaceful”,意为“宁静的”。故填peaceful。 2.scared 考查非谓语动词。句意:我有时会把他叫回来,担心他可能会吓到别人。“have sb.done”表示 “使某人被……”,“someone”与“scare”之间是被动关系,即某人被吓到,用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填scared。 3.what 考查表语从句引导词。句意:不过,真相正如所料——这里从来没有其他人。“is”后接表语从句,从句中缺少主语,指物,用what引导,what在从句中作主语,意为“…… 的事情”。故填what。 B When was the last time you took on a tough choice? Maybe this morning you debated whether to get up or stay in bed slightly 4.________ (long).Making choices is part of life.By the time you brushed your teeth,you 5.________ (make) several decisions even without noticing.Some choices are quick,while others take more thought.Usually,better outcomes 6.________ (achieve) through a thorough understanding of strategies like risk tolerance. 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了做选择是生活的一部分及如何做出更好的选择。 4.longer 考查比较级。句意:也许今天早上你还在纠结是起床还是多睡一会儿。此处表示“多睡一会儿”,应用比较级longer,表示“更久”。故填longer。 5.had made 考查时态。句意:当你刷牙的时候,你甚至在不知不觉中已经做了好几个决定。根据时间状语“By the time you brushed your teeth”可知,此处表示在过去某一时间点之前已经完成的动作,时态应用过去完成时,谓语用had made。故填had made。 6.are achieved 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:通常,通过充分了解风险承受能力等策略,可以取得更好的结果。根据时间状语“Usually”可知,此处表示经常性、习惯性的动作,时态应用一般现在时;主语better outcomes和动词achieve“实现”之间是被动关系,应用一般现在时的被动语态;主语better outcomes是复数,be动词应用are。故填are achieved。 C When 7.________ (travel),we engage with cultures and experiences.However,according to a report by the World Wildlife Fund,tourists 8.________ (leave) over 1.3 billion tons of food waste last year,9.________ accounted for about 8% of the total global gas release in 2024.To reduce our impact,we can take simple steps:empty the fridge before heading out,and choose sustainable dining options.These efforts help us travel more responsibly.After all,exploring the world shouldn't come 10.________ the planet's expense. 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章指出旅行时人们会接触不同文化和经历,但据世界野生动物基金会报告,去年游客产生大量食物垃圾,对全球气体排放有影响。为减少影响,人们可采取如出发前清空冰箱、选择可持续餐饮等简单措施,强调探索世界不应以牺牲地球为代价。 7.traveling 考查非谓语动词。句意:旅行时,我们接触不同文化和体验不同经历。句子主语“we”与“travel”之间是主动关系,用现在分词,构成“when+现在分词”的状语从句省略结构。故填traveling。 8.left 考查时态。句意:然而,根据世界野生动物基金会的一份报告,去年游客产生了超过13亿吨的食物垃圾,这约占2024年全球气体排放总量的8%。根据“last year”可知,描述过去发生的事情,用一般过去时,“leave”的过去式是“left”。故填left。 9.which 考查定语从句关系代词。句意:然而,根据世界野生动物基金会的一份报告,去年游客留下了超过13亿吨的食物垃圾,约占2024年全球气体排放总量的8%。此句为非限制性定语从句,先行词是“1.3 billion tons of food waste”,指物,关系词在从句中作主语,用which引导。故填which。 10.at 考查固定搭配。句意:毕竟,探索世界不应以牺牲地球为代价。at one's expense“以…… 为代价”是固定搭配。故填at。 五、(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷) Heatherwick Studio recently built a greenhouse at the edge of the National Trust's Woolbeding Gardens.This beautiful structure,named Glasshouse,is at the centre of a new garden that shows how the Silk Road influences English gardens even in modern times. The latest 1.________(engineer)techniques are applied to create this protective 2.________(function)structure that is also beautiful.The design features ten steel “sepals(萼片)” made of glass and aluminium(铝).These sepals open on warm days 3.________(give)the inside plants sunshine and fresh air.In cold weather,the structure stays 4.________(close)to protect the plants. Further,the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse 5.________(walk)visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road,by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for 6.________ first time.These plants included modern Western 7.________(favourite)such as rosemary,lavender and fennel.The garden also contains a winding path that guides visitors through the twelve regions of the Silk Road.The path offers over 300 plant species for visitors to see,too. The Glasshouse stands 8.________ a great achievement in contemporary design,to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing(追溯)the steps along the Silk Route 9.________ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the 10.________(rich)of gardening in England. 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Heatherwick工作室最近公布的一个新项目——一个位于国家信托基金会伍尔贝丁花园边缘的动态温室,并详细描述了该温室的设计、功能、以及它如何与丝绸之路的历史和丝绸之路花园相结合。 1.engineering 考查名词。句意:最新的工程技术被用来创造一个同样美丽的保护功能结构。根据句意可知,空处考查短语engineering techniques,意为“工程技术”,符合句意。故填engineering。 2.functional 考查形容词。句意同上。空处修饰名词structure,应用形容词作定语functional,符合题意。故填functional。 3.to give 考查非谓语动词。句意:温室在温暖的日子里开放,利用液压系统为内部植物提供阳光和通风。use sth.to do sth.为固定搭配,表示“使用某物去做某事”,所以空处应用动词不定式形式作宾语补足语。故填to give。 4.closed 考查形容词。句意:然后在寒冷的天气里,这个结构保持关闭,以保护亚热带植物。空处用于stays之后作表语,应用形容词closed,表示“紧闭的”,符合题意。故填closed。 5.walks 考查时态和主谓一致。句意:此外,围绕温室的丝绸之路花园带领游客走过一段受古丝绸之路影响的旅程。walk sb.through,意为“带领某人穿过……”,空处为本句谓语动词,根据上文可知,本句时态为一般现在时,主语the Silk Route Garden为单数,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填walks。 6.the 考查冠词。句意:亚洲和欧洲之间的贸易路线第一次为英国带来了丝绸、香料和许多植物。固定搭配:for the first time,意为“第一次”,符合句意。故填the。 7.favorites 考查名词的数。句意:这些植物包括现代西方最受喜爱的迷迭香、薰衣草和茴香。favorite是可数名词,意为“特别受喜爱的东西”,根据空后“such as rosemary,lavender and fennel”可知,空处应用名词的复数形式。故填favorites。 8.as 考查介词。句意:Mark Woodruff补充说:“这是当代设计的最高成就,在丝绸之路的尽头,中国亚热带西南部的植物群从温带的欧洲穿过山脉、干旱的土地和高山牧场,这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国,定义了英国园艺的丰富和荣耀。”根据句意可知,空处指的是“作为”,应用介词as。 9.which/that 考查定语从句。句意同上。空处引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词design,先行词指物,关系词在定语从句中作主语,用关系代词which或that引导从句。故填which/that。 10.richness 考查名词。句意同上。空处与glory并列,应用名词形式richness,作介词of的宾语。故填richness。 六、(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷) Xiao long bao(soup dumplings),those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers,encasing hot,1.________(taste)soup and sweet,fresh meat,are far and away my favorite Chinese street food.The dumplings arrive steaming and dangerously hot.To eat one,you have to decide whether 2.________(bite)a small hole in it first,releasing the stream and risking a spill(溢出),3.________ to put the whole dumpling in your mouth,letting the hot soup explode on your tongue.Shanghai may be the 4.________(recognize)home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long Bao's birthplace.There you will find them prepared differently—more dumpling and less soup,and the wrappers are pressed 5.________ hand rather than rolled.Nanxiang aside,the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin,allowing them 6.________(lift)out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of 7.________(they)contents.The meat should be fresh with 8.________ touch of sweetness and the soup hot,clear and delicious. No matter where I buy them,one steamer is 9.________(rare)enough,yet two seems greedy,so I am always left 10.________(want)more next time. 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国美食——小笼包,讲述了小笼包美味,发源地以及制作方法等等。 1.tasty 考查形容词。句意:小笼包(汤包),那些精致的饺子皮,包裹着热腾腾的美味汤和甜甜的鲜肉,是我最喜欢的中国街头小吃。形容词需修饰后面的名词soup(汤),故空格需用tasty“美味的”作定语,故填tasty。 2.to bite 考查非谓语动词。句意:吃小笼包的时候,你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁,还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里,让热汤在舌头上爆炸。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”,用不定式作宾语,空处与后面to put并列作宾语,故填to bite。 3.or 考查连词。句意:吃小笼包的时候,你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁,还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里,让热汤在舌头上爆炸。whether...or...“是……还是……”,固定搭配,根据句意,故填or。 4.recognized 考查非谓语动词。句意:上海可能是公认的小笼包之乡,但美食历史学家会告诉你,邻近的运河小镇南翔才是小笼包的发源地。空格在名词home前面作定语,recognize与home是逻辑上动宾关系,需填过去分词recognized作定语,recognized“被公认的”也可以看作是形容词作定语。故填recognized。 5.by 考查介词。句意:在那里,你会发现它们的制作方式不同——更多汤包,更少的汤,包子皮是用手压的,而不是擀出来的。by hand“用手”是固定搭配,根据句意,故填by。 6.to be lifted 考查非谓语动词。句意:除了南翔,最好的小笼包有一个精致的,可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来,而不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。根据搭配allow sb.to do sth.“允许某人做某事”可知,空格需用动词不定式作宾语补足语,补足语lift out与宾语them(指代小笼包)是逻辑上的动宾关系,空格需填动词不定式的被动式to be lifted。故填to be lifted。 7.their 考查代词。句意:除了南翔,最好的小笼包有一个精致的外皮,可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来,而不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。修饰后面的名词contents(东西)需用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。 8.a 考查冠词。句意:肉应该是新鲜的,有一点甜味,汤应该是热的,清澈的,美味的。a touch of “一点点;稍许”,常用搭配,touch“轻微;稍许”常用作单数。故填a。 9.rarely 考查副词。句意:无论我在哪里买,一蒸笼都不够,而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了,所以我总是想下次再买。修饰形容词用副词作状语,rarely“少有”,故填rarely。 10.wanting 考查非谓语动词。句意:无论我在哪里买,一蒸笼都不够,而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了,所以我总是想下次再买。分析句子可知,此处考查“leave sb.+宾语补足语”,本句是被动语态,want是主语补足语,根据句意,I与want之间是主动的逻辑关系,用现在分词wanting。故填wanting。 七、(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷) Whenever I tell people that I teach English at the Berlin Zoo,I almost always get a questioning look.Behind it,the person is trying to figure out who exactly I teach...the animals? Since June 2017,right before the 1.________(arrive)of the two new pandas,Meng_Meng and Jiao Qing,I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and 2.________(confidence)speaking English.And who do they speak English 3.________? Not the pandas,even though 4.________ language used for the medical training instructions is actually English.They talk to the flood of international tourists and to 5.________(visit)Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas,which are on loan from China.They also need to be ready to give 6.________(interview)in English with international journalists.This is 7.________ they need an English trainer. So,what are they learning?8.________(basic),how to describe a panda's life.It's been an honor to watch the panda programme develop 9.________ to see the pandas settle into their new home.As a little girl,I 10.________(wish)to be a zookeeper when I grew up.Now,I'm living out that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers do their job in English. 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在柏林动物园教英语。 1.arrival 考查名词。句意:从2017年6月开始,就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前,我一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。分析句子结构可知,空前是冠词,空后是介词,所以空处应填名词作介词before的宾语,arrive的名词形式是arrival,不可数名词。故填arrival。 2.confident 考查形容词。句意:从2017年6月开始,就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前,我一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。分析句子结构可知,空处和前文的comfortable并列,作并列表语,应用形容词形式,confidence的形容词形式是confident。故填confident。 3.with 考查介词。句意:他们和谁说英语?分析句子结构可知,根据句意此处强调双向交流,应用固定搭配:speak with sb.意为“与某人交谈”。故填with。 4.the 考查冠词。句意:不是熊猫,尽管医学训练指导使用的语言实际上是英语。分析句子结构可知,此处特指用于医学训练指导使用的语言,表特指,应用定冠词修饰。故填the。 5.visiting 考查形容词。句意:他们与蜂拥而至的国际游客和来访的中国动物园管理员交谈,这些管理员经常来检查从中国租借来的大熊猫。分析句子结构可知,空后是名词,所以空处应填形容词作定语;visit对应的形容词为visiting“来访的”。故填visiting。 6.interviews 考查名词的数。句意:他们还需要准备好用英语接受国际记者的采访。分析句子结构可知,空前是动词,所以空处应填名词作宾语,interview意为“采访”为可数名词,不止一段采访,应用复数形式。故填interviews。 7.why 考查表语从句。句意:这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因。分析句子结构可知,空处引导表语从句,从句中结构完整,应该用连接副词连接,前文提到需要培训师的原因,此处是表达“这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因”之意,应用why引导表语从句。故填why。 8.Basically 考查副词。句意:基本上,如何描述熊猫的生活。分析句子结构可知,空处修饰空后整个句子,应该用副词修饰,basic的副词形式是basically位于句首,首字母应大写。故填Basically。 9.and 考查连词。句意:我很荣幸能看到熊猫项目的发展,看到熊猫们在新家安顿下来。分析句子结构可知,“to watch the panda programme develop”和“to see the pandas settle into their new home”两者是并列关系,应该用and连接。故填and。 10.wished 考查动词时态。句意:作为一个小女孩,我希望长大后成为一名动物园管理员。分析句子结构可知,本句缺少谓语动词,所以wish作本句谓语,和主语I之间是主动关系,根据下文的grew可知用一般过去时。故填wished。 八、(2023·全国乙卷) Beijing is a city bridging the ancient and the modern.From Buddhist temples to museums,narrow hutong 1.________ royal palaces,it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout,with the city keeping its carefully 2.________(build)system of ring roads. But for all its ancient buildings,Beijing is also a place 3.________ welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life,with 21st-century architectural 4.________(wonder)standing side by side with historical buildings of the past. It is a distinct visual contrast(反差)that shouldn't work,5.________ somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination.6.________(visit)several times over the last 10 years,I 7.________(amaze)by the co-existence of old and new,and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage(遗产)while constantly growing.As a photographer,I have spent the last two years 8.________(record)everything I discovered. The 9.________(remark)development of this city,which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world,10.________(mean)there is always something new to discover here,and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years. 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北京这座城市的古老建筑和现代化发展之间的独特结合,同时探讨了城市如何在不断发展的同时保护其丰富的遗产。作者作为一名摄影师,记录了这座城市的变化,并表示将来还会继续拍摄北京的风貌。 1.to 考查介词。句意:从佛教寺庙到博物馆,从狭窄的胡同到皇家宫殿,它拥有3 000多年的辉煌历史,甚至从它的布局来看,这座城市一直保持着精心建造的环城道路系统。根据上文的“From Buddhist temples to museums”可知,空处和上文保持一致,表示“从……到……”,用介词to。故填to。 2.built 考查非谓语动词。句意:从佛教寺庙到博物馆,狭窄的胡同和皇家宫殿,它是3 000多年辉煌历史的家园,即使是在它的布局上,这座城市也保持着精心建造的环城公路系统。这里为非谓语动词担当定语,表示“精心建造的……”,和被修饰词“system of ring roads”之间为被动关系,用过去分词。故填built。 3.which/that 考查定语从句。句意:但是,除了古建筑,北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方,21世纪的建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。这里为定语从句的关系代词,先行词为“a place”,在定语从句中担当主语,所以用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。 4.wonders 考查名词。句意:但是,除了古建筑,北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方,21世纪的建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。分析句子成分可知,空处为名词形式;根据下文的“historical buildings of the past”可知,空处为名词的复数形式。故填wonders。 5.but 考查连词。句意:但不知何故,这两个截然不同的世界却很好地结合在了一起。空前“It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn't work,”和空后“somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination.”之间存在转折关系,用but。故填but。 6.Having visited 考查非谓语动词。句意:在过去的10年里,我多次访问北京,我惊讶于这里的新旧共存,惊讶于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为非谓语动词担当状语,和主句主语“I”之间为主动关系;根据时间状语“over the last 10 years”可知,用完成时态,由此推断,空处用现在分词的完成时态。置于句首,首字母大写。故填Having visited。 7.was amazed 考查时态和语态。句意:在过去的10年里,我多次访问北京,我惊讶于这里的新旧共存,惊讶于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为本句谓语动词,根据下文“how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.”可知,本句用一般过去时;主语I和动词amaze之间为被动关系,所以用被动语态。故填was amazed。 8.recording 考查非谓语动词。句意:作为一名摄影师,我花了两年时间记录我发现的一切。spend time (in) doing sth.花费时间做某事。这里为非谓语动词担当宾语,用动名词形式。故填recording。 9.remarkable 考查形容词。句意:这个城市的显著发展,是有意识地在保护过去的同时步入现代世界,这意味着这里总是有新的东西可以发现,我可以在接下来的50年里一直拍摄北京。分析句子成分可知,空处为形容词修饰名词“development of this city”。故填remarkable。 10.means 考查时态。句意:这座城市的显著发展,在有意识地保护过去的同时步入现代世界,意味着这里总是有新的东西等待发现,我可以在接下来的50年里一直拍摄北京。这里为本句谓语动词,根据上下文可知,本句时态为一般现在时;主语为“development”,单数,所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填means。 九、(2023·全国甲卷) For thousands of years,people have told fables(寓言)1.________(teach)a lesson or to pass on wisdom.Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures,and the well-known Aesop's fables date to the 2.________(six)century,B.C.Yet,the form of the fable still has values today,3.________ Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow”. Carson uses a simple,direct style common to fable.In fact,her style and tone(口吻)are seemingly directed at children.“There was once a town in the heart of America,4.________ all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with is surroundings,” her fable begins,5.________(borrow)some familiar words from many age-old fables.Behind the simple style,however,is a serious message 6.________(intend)for everyone. 7.________(difference)from traditional fables,Carson's story ends with an accusation instead of a moral.She warns of the environmental dangers facing society,and she teaches that people must take responsibility 8.________ saving their environment. The themes of taditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life.However,Carson's theme is a more weighty 9.________(warn)about environmental destruction.Carson proves that a simple lyric form that has been passed down through the ages can still 10.________(employ)today to draw attention to important truths. 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了寓言的形式在今天仍然具有价值。 1.to teach 考查非谓语动词。句意:几千年来,人们通过讲寓言来传授知识或传授智慧。根据句意可知,此处表达“来传授知识和智慧”,所以用不定式作目的状语。故填to teach。 2.sixth 考查数词。句意:寓言是许多古代文化口述传统的一部分,而著名的伊索寓言可以追溯到公元前6世纪。century“世纪”前面要用序数词形式。故填sixth。 3.as 考查定语从句。句意:然而,正如雷切尔·卡森在《明日寓言》中所说,寓言的形式在今天仍然具有价值。引导非限定性定语从句,且有“正如”之意,用关系代词as引导。故填as。 4.where 考查定语从句。句意:“从前,在美国的中心地带有一个小镇,那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活,”她的寓言是这样开头的,借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中先行词为town,在非限定性定语从句作地点状语,所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。 5.borrowing 考查非谓语动词。句意:“从前,在美国的中心地带有一个小镇,那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活,”她的寓言是这样开头的,借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中已有谓语动词,所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语her fable与borrow之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词作状语。故填borrowing。 6.intended 考查非谓语动词。句意:然而,在简洁的风格背后,是每个人都想要传达的严肃信息。be intended for打算为……所用,在句中作定语,所以用过去分词形式。故填intended。 7.Different 考查形容词。句意:与传统寓言不同,卡森的故事以一种指责而不是道德结束。be different from与……不同,所以用形容词作状语。故填Different。 8.for 考查介词。句意:她警告社会面临的环境危险,并教导人们必须承担起保护环境的责任。take responsibility for对……负责。故填for。 9.warning 考查名词。句意:然而,卡森的主题是对环境破坏的更严重警告。形容词weighty后接名词形式。根据句中不定冠词a可知,用可数名词的单数形式。故填warning。 10.be employed 考查语态。句意:卡森证明了一种简单的抒情形式,已经代代相传,今天仍然可以用来吸引人们对重要真理的关注。从句主语a simple lyric form与employ之间为被动关系,所以用被动语态。情态动词can后接动词原形。故填be employed。 十、(2022·全国甲卷) A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked(徒步)40 days to Xi'an,as a first step 1.________(journey)the Belt and Road route(路线)by foot. On the 1,100.Kilometer journey,the man Cao Shengkang,2.________ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident,crossed 40 cities and counties in three province.Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation 3.________(hold)in Beijing,Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute(致敬)to the ancient Silk Road.4.________ friend of his,Wu Fan,volunteered to be his companion during the trip. Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road,in order to promote environmental 5.________(protect).Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more 6.________(meaning).The two of them collected more than 1,000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey. In the last five years.Cao 7.________(walk)through 34 countries in six continents,and in 2016,he reached the top of Kilimanjaro,Africa's 8.________(high)mountain. Now,Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route.He flew 4,700 kilometers 9.________ Xi'an to Kashgar on Sept.20,10.________(plan)to hike back to Xi'an in five months. 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。一名失明的北京男子曹盛康徒步40天从北京到达西安,完成“一带一路”徒步的首段旅程。 1.to journey 考查非谓语动词。句意:近日,一名来自北京的盲人徒步40天来到西安,作为“一带一路”徒步旅行的第一步。分析句子结合句意可知,journey为动词,表示“旅行”,step前面有序数词,应用不定式,作后置定语。故填to journey。 2.who 考查定语从句。句意:在这1 100公里的旅程中,这位在8岁时因车祸而失明的男子曹胜康穿越了三个省的40个城市和县城。分析句子结合句意可知,此处是非限定性定语从句,先行词为Cao Shengkang,指人,在从句中作主语,应用关系代词who引导。故填who。 3.held 考查非谓语动词。句意:受到在北京举行的“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛的启发,曹决定徒步穿越这条路线,以向古代丝绸之路致敬。分析句子可知,本句已有谓语动词decided,所以hold应用非谓语动词形式,hold与cooperation之间为逻辑动宾关系,应用过去分词,作后置定语,表被动。故填held。 4.A 考查冠词。句意:他的一个朋友吴凡自愿在旅途中与他作伴。根据句意可知,此处泛指“他的一个朋友”,应用不定冠词,friend以辅音音素开头,应用a,空处位于句首,首字母大写。故填A。 5.protection 考查名词。句意:曹和吴还沿路收集垃圾,以促进环境保护。根据句意和空前的形容词environmental可知,此处应用名词protection,作宾语,protection表示“保护”时,是不可数名词。故填protection。 6.meaningful 考查形容词。句意:曹认为这将使这次徒步旅行更加有意义。此处是make复合结构,应用形容词meaningful,作宾语补足语。故填meaningful。 7.has walked 考查动词时态。句意:在过去的五年中,曹操穿越了六大洲的34个国家,2016年,他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶,这是非洲最高的山峰。根据时间状语in the last five years可知,此处应用现在完成时,主语Cao为第三人称单数,助动词用has。故填has walked。 8.highest 考查形容词最高级。句意:在过去的五年中,曹穿越了六大洲的34个国家,2016年,他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶,这是非洲最高的山峰。根据空前Africa's可知,此处表示乞力马扎罗山是非洲最高的山脉,应用形容词最高级。故填highest。 9.from 考查介词。句意:9月20日,他从4 700公里外的西安飞到了喀什,计划在五个月内徒步返回到西安。根据句意和Xi'an to Kashgar 可知,此处表示“从西安飞往喀什”,应用介词from,固定搭配from...to...表示“从……到……”。故填from。 10.planning 考查非谓语动词。句意:9月20日,他从4 700公里外的西安飞到了喀什,计划在五个月内徒步返回到西安。分析句子可知,已有谓语动词flew,所以动词plan(计划)应用非谓语动词形式,plan与主语He之间为逻辑主谓关系,应用现在分词,表主动。故填planning。 十一、(2022·全国乙卷) May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day,which was named officially 1.________ the United Nations on November 27th,2019.To celebrate 2.________ festival,a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday. The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society 3.________ (address)the opening ceremony.“As a main promoter of the International Tea Day,the birthplace of tea and the 4.________ (large)tea-producing country,China has a 5.________ (responsible)to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry.It can help to build a community with a 6.________ (share)future for mankind,” he said. The “First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative” issued (发布) at the ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation 7.________ cultural exchanges.A four-year tea promotion—Tea Road Cooperative Plan—was also issued in accordance with the initiative. 8.________ (strengthen)the connection with young people,the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media,9.________ (invite)twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts. The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled (揭幕) at the ceremony,opening 10.________ (it)first exhibition:The Avenue of Truth—A Special Exhibition of Pu'er Tea. 【语篇解读】 文章主要介绍了为了庆祝第一个国际茶日,中国商会博物馆所举办的一系列活动。 1.by 考查介词。句意:2019年11月27日,联合国正式将5月21日定为第一个国际茶日。根据句意可知,此处表达“被联合国在5月21日命名”。表示被动,使用固定结构“be+过去分词+by”。故填by。 2.the 考查非谓语动词。句意:为了庆祝这一节日,周四在北京的中国商人博物馆举行了一系列活动。特指International Tea Day这一节日,所以用定冠词the。故填the。 3.addressed 考查时态。句意:中国文化促进会会长在开幕式上致辞。陈述过去事情,用一般过去时。故填addressed。 4.largest 考查形容词最高级。句意:中国是茶的发源地和最大产茶国,作为国际茶日的主要推动者,中国有责任与其他国家共同促进茶产业的健康发展。根据定冠词the和常识可知,中国是最大产茶国,所以用形容词的最高级形式。故填largest。 5.responsibility 考查名词。句意:中国是茶的发源地和最大产茶国,作为国际茶日的主要推动者,中国有责任与其他国家共同促进茶产业的健康发展。不定冠词a后接可数名词的单数形式。故填responsibility。 6.shared 考查非谓语动词。句意:这有助于构建人类命运共同体。此处为非谓语动词做定语来修饰名词future。非谓语动词share和名词future之间为被动关系,所以用过去分词作定语。故填shared。 7.and 考查连词。句意:仪式上发布的“首个国际茶日万里茶道合作倡议”呼吁茶业人士团结起来,促进国际合作和文化交流。名词international cooperation和cultural exchanges为并列成分,作动词promote的宾语。故填and。 8.To strengthen 考查非谓语动词。句意:为了加强与年轻人的联系,活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传活动,邀请了来自世界各地的29名茶叶专业人士进行36小时不间断的直播。根据句意可知,此处表达“为了加强与年轻人的联系”,需要用不定式作目的状语。故填To strengthen。 9.inviting 考查非谓语动词。句意:为了加强与年轻人的联系,活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传活动,邀请了来自世界各地的29名茶叶专业人士进行36小时不间断的直播。此处为非谓语动词,逻辑主语the event与invite之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词作状语。故填inviting。 10.its 考查代词。句意:在开幕式上,中国古茶博物馆正式揭牌,开启了它的第一个展览:大道遗真——普洱茶专题展。名词exhibition前用形容词性物主代词。故填its。 十二、(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park(GPNP).1.________(cover)an area about three times 2.________ size of Yellowstone National Park,the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that 3.________(be)previously unprotected,bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority 4.________(increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. After a three-year pilot period,the GPNP will be officially set up next year.The GPNP 5.________(design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems,preserving biological diversity,protecting ecological buffer zones,6.________ leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”.The GPNP's main goal is to improve connectivity between separate 7.________(population)and homes of giant pandas,and 8.________(eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild. Giant pandas also serve 9.________ an umbrella species(物种),bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China.The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species 10.________ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area. 【语篇解读】 中国计划设立大熊猫国家公园,以维护生态系统完整性和原真性,探索生态文明建设新模式,实现人与自然和谐共生。 1.Covering 考查非谓语动词。设空处在句中以及有一谓语动词作非谓语“will be”,且无连词,动词cover需要用非谓语的形式。cover和句子的逻辑主语the GPNP为逻辑的主动关系,应用现在分词的形式作状语,首字母大写。本句句意:该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍,将成为中国首批国家公园之一。故填Covering。 2.the 考查冠词。本句的结构为:倍数+the+名词(size/weight/length...)+of B,表示“是B(大小/重量/长度...)的多少倍”。本句句意:该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍,将成为中国首批国家公园之一。故填the。 3.were 考查时态和主谓一致。设空处在that引导的限制性定语从句中作谓语,先行词为a significant number of areas,先行词在从句中作主语,根据“previously (之前地)”可知从句讲的是过去未受保护,所以要用一般过去时,根据主谓一致,从句主语复数,从句谓语复数形式。本句句意:该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区,将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构,以提高效率,减少管理上的不一致性。故填were。 4.to increase 考查非谓语动词。设空处在句中已经有一个谓语动词“will extend”,剩下的这个“increase”作非谓语,由句意可知,increase在此处表示目的,应用动词的不定式的形式。本句句意:该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区,将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构,以提高效率,减少管理上的不一致性。故填to increase。 5.is designed 考查时态语态和主谓一致。设空处在句中作谓语,和句子的主语The GPNP之间为被动关系;叙述客观事实,应用一般现在时。故设空处应为一般现在时的被动语态,主语单数,谓语单数形式。本句句意:GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性,维护生物多样性,保护生态缓冲区,为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。故填is designed。 6.and 考查连词。设空处无提示词,且前后为并列关系,应用and,连接三个指导原则 “protecting...,preserving...,and leaving...”。本句句意:大熊猫保护区(GPNP)旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性,保护生物多样性,保护生态缓冲区,为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。故填and。 7.populations 考查名词。设空处和and后的复数名词homes并列在句中作宾语,应用可数名词population (种群)的复数的形式,注意population为可数名词。本句句意:大熊猫保护区(GPNP)的主要目标是改善大熊猫独立种群和家园之间的联系,并最终达到野外种群的理想水平。故填populations。 8.eventually 考查副词。设空处后为动词achieve,设空处应用副词eventually作状语,修饰动词achieve。本句句意:大熊猫保护区(GPNP)的主要目标是改善大熊猫独立种群和家园之间的联系,并最终达到野外种群的理想水平。故填eventually。 9.as 考查介词。固定短语:serve as (充当)。本句句意:大熊猫还扮演着保护伞的角色,为中国西南和西北地区的许多动植物带来保护。故填as。 10.that 考查定语从句关系词。设空处为关系词引导限制性定语从句,先行词等于关系词,设空处在从句中作指物的主语,先行词为species,且先行词前为all修饰,只能用关系代词that。本句句意:大熊猫国家公园旨在为生活在大熊猫范围内的所有物种提供更有力的保护,并大大改善该地区的生态系统健康。故填that。 十三、(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷) Henry Tyler made the catch of the year on the weekend.When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony(阳台),Henry ran one hundred metres,jumped over a 1.2-metre fence,and held out his arms to catch the 1.________(fall)child. Eric Brown,only three years old,knocked Henry down when he fell.The boy is in the hospital and doctors say he'll be OK. 2.________ Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto.On the day of the accident,Mrs.Brown was at work and Eric was at home with his father.They both fell 3.________(sleep)while watching TV. Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside.He pushed a chair onto the balcony,and climbed up 4.________(see)them.When he looked down,he 5.________(accidental)slipped and fell over the edge.He hung on for a few minutes 6.________ screamed for his father,but his father didn't hear him. Henry 7.________(fix)his car when he heard the screams.He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony.He quickly 8.________(throw)his tools aside,and started running,arms out. “He saved my 9.________(son)life,” said Mrs.Brown.“I don't know 10.________ to thank him.” “I just didn't want the boy to be hurt,” said Henry. 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述正在修车的Henry拯救了挂在六楼公寓的阳台上将要掉下来的小孩Eric的故事。 1.falling 考查非谓语动词。句意:当亨利看到一个小男孩挂在六楼公寓的阳台上时,他跑了100米,跳过了1.2米高的栅栏,伸出双臂去接要掉下来的孩子。句中的hold out为谓语动词,设空处应该使用非谓语动词。根据句意,fall为动词,意为“掉落”,child和fall之间是主动关系,同时表示正在进行的含义。故应该使用现在分词作定语。故填falling。 2.The 考查冠词。句意:布朗一家住在多伦多郊外的一栋公寓楼里。根据句子结构,设空处要填写冠词与Brown family 构成名词短语作主语。the+姓氏,意为“某某一家人”,the符合句意。同时该单词置于句首,首字母应该大写。故填The。 3.asleep 考查形容词。句意:他们俩看电视的时候都睡着了。根据句子结构可知,设空处应该填写形容词作表语。sleep为动词,意为“睡觉”,其形容词为asleep。fall asleep为固定搭配,意为“熟睡的”,asleep符合句意。故填asleep。 4.to see 考查非谓语动词。句意:过了一会儿,艾瑞克听到孩子们在外面玩耍的声音,醒了过来。他把一把椅子推到阳台上,爬上去看他们。句中的climb up为谓语动词,设空处应该使用谓语动词。根据句意,他要爬到阳台去看他们(外面玩闹的孩子们),故应该使用to do不定式作目的状语。故填to see。 5.accidentally 考查副词。句意:当他往下看时,不小心滑了一跤,从悬崖边上掉了下去。根据句子结构,设空处应该填写副词修饰动词slipped。accidental为形容词,意为“意外的,失误的”,其副词为accidentally,意为“意外地,失误地”,符合句意。故填accidentally。 6.and 考查连词。句意:他坚持了几分钟,尖叫喊着他的父亲,但他的父亲没有听到他。根据句子结构,设空处应该填写连词,连接hung和screamed两个动作。根据句意,此处表示并列关系。故填and。 7.was fixing 考查动词。句意:听到尖叫声时,亨利正在修车。根据句子结构,设空处应该填写谓语动词。根据空后的when he heard the screams,可知,设空处的动作是正在发生的,同时该句描述的是过去的事实。故使用过去进行时。fix为动词,意为“修理”,其过去进行时为was fixing。故填was fixing。 8.threw 考查过去式。句意:他迅速把工具扔到一边,伸出胳膊跑了起来。根据句子结构,设空处与空后的and started构成并且结构。故应该使用一般过去时。throw为动词,意为“扔”,过去时为threw。故填threw。 9.son's 考查名词所有格。句意:他拯救了我儿子的生命。根据句意,life与提示词son之间是所属关系,故应该使用名词所有格。故填son's。 10.how 考查特殊疑问词。句意:我不知道如何去感谢他。根据句子结构,设空处填写的是特殊疑问词+to do不定式结构作宾语。根据句意,how意为“如何”,符合句意。故填how。 十四、(2022·1月浙江卷) Kim Cobb,a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta,is one of a small but growing minority of academics 1.________ are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change.Travelling to conferences,lectures,workshops,and the like frequently by plane 2.________(view) as important for scientists to get together and exchange information.But Cobb and others 3.________ (be) now questioning that idea pushing conferences to provide more chances to participate remotely,and 4.________(change) their personal behavior to do their part in dealing with the climate change crisis.On a website called No Fly Climate Sci,for example,5.________(rough) 200 academics-many of them climate scientists 6.________ (promise) to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago. Cobb,for her part,started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak 7.________ she could do so remotely;about three-quarters of 8.________ time,they agreed.When the answer,was no,she,declined the 9.________ (invite).That approach brought Cobb's air travel last year down by 75%,and she plans 10.________(continue) the practice.“It has been fairly rewarding.”,she says,“a really positive change.” 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个由学者团体发行的实践,目的是为了减少学术飞行以应对气候变化危机。 1.that/who 考查定语从句。句意:亚特兰大佐治亚科技研究院的教授Kim Cobb是一个少数但是不断增加的学者中的一员,因为气候变化,他们正在削减他们的飞机旅行。名词academics后为定语从句且在从句中作主语,应使用关系代词替代,故填that/who。 2.is viewed/has been viewed 考查被动语态。句意:对科学家而言,旅行去参加会议、讲座、工作室之类的地方来相聚并交流信息这件事被视为是重要的。描述人们普遍认知的事情用一般现在时,此处也可以表示强调人们从过去到现在的认知,动名词作主语与主谓之间存在被动关系,故填is viewed或has been viewed。 3.are 考查时态和主谓一致。句意:但是现在Cobb和其他人正在质疑那个想法,推动会议提供更多远程参加的机会以及为了尽自己的能力来应对气候变化危机,他们正在改变他们的个人行为。根据句意可知,此处也应使用现在进行时,主语为复数,故填are。 4.changing 考查时态。句意:但是现在Cobb和其他人正在质疑那个想法,推动会议提供更多远程参加的机会以及为了尽自己的能力来应对气候变化危机,他们正在改变他们的个人行为。分析句子结构可知,此处and连接并列的动词questioning和change,故填changing。 5.roughly 考查副词。句意:例如,在一个叫“无飞行科学家”的网站上,自从两年前成立以来,大约有200个学者,他们中很多人承诺尽可能少飞行。此处修饰数字用副词roughly“粗略地大约”,故填roughly。 6.have promised 考查时态。句意:例如,在一个叫“无飞行科学家”的网站上,自从两年前成立以来,大约有200个学者,他们中很多人承诺尽可能少飞行。根据时间状语“since+过去时间”可知主句应使用现在完成时,故填have promised。 7.whether/if 考查宾语从句。句意:对于她的出席,Cobb开始询问邀请她的组织者是否可以远程进行。显然ask后面出现了一个宾语从句,宾语从句句意不完整,whether/if“是否”符合语境,故填whether或if。 8.the 考查冠词。句意:大约有四分之三的时间,他们同意了。此处特指Cobb询问的时间范围内,故填the。 9.invitation 考查名词。句意:当答案是否定的时候,她拒绝了那个邀请。此处需填入名词作动词decline的宾语,故填invitation。 10.to continue 考查动词不定式。句意:他打算继续这个实践。动词plan后面跟动词不定式,plan to do sth.“计划做”,故填to continue。 十五、(2021·全国乙卷) Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact(影响)travel to undisturbed places.It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become 1.________(educate)about the areas—both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics,and often provides money for conservation and benefits the 2.________(develop)of the local areas. Ecotourism has 3.________(it)origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s.It was not widely accepted as a travel concept 4.________ the late 1980s.During that time,increasing environmental awareness made it desirable. Due to 5.________ growing popularity of environmentally related and adventure travel,various types 6.________ trips are now being classified as ecotourism.Actually,a true eco friendly trip must meet the following principles: ·Minimize the impact of 7.________(visit)the place. ·Build respect for and awareness of the environment and cultural practices. ·Provide 8.________(finance)aid and other benefits for local peoples. ·Make sure that the tourism provides positive experiences for both the visitors and the hosts. Komodo National Park,officially recognized in 1980,is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity.9.________(activity)there range from whale watching to hiking(远足)and accommodations aim 10.________(have)a low impact on the natural environment. 【语篇解读】 生态旅游是以有特色的生态环境为主要景观的旅游。本文向读者简要介绍了生态旅游的起源和特点。 1.educated 考查词形转换。educate与逻辑主语traveler之间是被动关系,故应用educated作表语,意为“受到教育的”。 2.development 考查词形转换。空格中所填单词在句中作benefits的宾语,需用develop的名词形式。 3.its 考查代词。空格中所填单词在句中作定语,修饰名词origin,需用it的形容词性物主代词形式。 4.until 考查介词。该句意思是“直到20世纪80年代末,它才被广泛接受为一种旅游理念”,句中使用了“not...until...”句型,意思是“直到……才……”。 5.the 考查冠词。of environmentally-related and adventure travel作定语,修饰growing popularity,特指“与环境有关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎”,故填定冠词the。 6.of 考查介词。various types of是固定搭配,意思是“各种类型的”。 7.visiting 考查非谓语动词。动名词短语visiting the place在句中作介词of的宾语。 8.financial 考查词性转换。空格中所填单词在句中作定语,修饰名词aid,需用finance的形容词形式。 9.Activities 考查名词。空格中所填单词在句中作主语,由句中“from whale watching to hiking”可知,这里指各种各样的活动,需用activity的复数形式。 10.to have 考查非谓语动词。aim后常接不定式作宾语,aim to do sth.意思是“旨在做某事”。 十六、(2021·全国甲卷) The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history.It 1.________(build)originally to protect the city 2.________ the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored(修复).It is possible 3.________(walk)or bike the entire 14 kilometers. We accessed the wall through the South Gate.The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can see streams of people moving inside and outside the City Wall. After 4.________(spend)some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall,we decided it was time for some action and what 5.________(good)than to ride on a piece of history! We 6.________(hire)our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate.My bike was old and shaky 7.________ did the job.It took us about 3 hours to go all 8.________ way around the Xi'an City Wall.Supposedly you can do it in two hours,but we stopped at the different gates and 9.________(watchtower)to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about their 10.________(day)routines. 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者游览西安长城的活动。 1.was built 考查被动语态。句意:它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的,现在已经完全修复了。分析句子可知,空格处为谓语,动词build和主语之间是被动关系,应用被动语态(be done),根据句意和时间状语the Tang dynasty可知,用一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式,主语it为第三人称单数,主谓一致,故填was built。 2.in 考查介词。句意:它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的,现在已经完全修复了。根据句意可知,表示“在某个朝代”应用介词in。故填in。 3.to walk 考查动词不定式。句意:可以步行或骑自行车走完整个14公里。分析句子可知,此处为句型“it+be+adj.+to do sth.”,it为形式主语,动词walk的不定式短语作真正主语。故填to walk。 4.spending 考查非谓语。句意:在花了一些时间看了城墙上所有的防御设备之后,我们决定是时候采取一些行动了,还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。分析句子可知,we和spend存在主动关系。故填spending。 5.better 考查形容词比较级。句意:在花了一些时间看了城墙上所有的防御设备之后,我们决定是时候采取一些行动了,还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。根据后文比较连(介)词than可知,此处应用形容词good的比较级。故填better。 6.hired 考查时态。句意:我们从南门的租赁处租了自行车。分析句子可知,此处为谓语动词,根据上下文可知,此处描述过去发生的事情,用一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式。故填hired。 7.but 考查连词。句意:我的自行车又旧又摇摇晃晃,但还可以骑。后文did the job和前文My bike was old and shaky 之间存在转折关系,故用表示转折的连词but连接。故填but。 8.the 考查冠词。句意:我们绕着西安城墙走了大约3个小时。结合句意表示“一直;完全地”可知短语为all the way,故用定冠词the限定名词way。故填the。 9.watchtowers 考查名词复数。句意:据说你可以在两个小时内完成,但我们在不同的大门和瞭望台停下来拍照,或者只是看当地人进行他们的日常生活。根据句意以及前文形容词different可知,此处可数名词watchtower是复数概念,应用其复数形式。故填watchtowers。 10.daily 考查形容词。句意:据说你可以在两个小时内完成,但我们在不同的大门和瞭望台停下来拍照,或者只是看当地人进行他们的日常生活。修饰后文名词routines应用day的形容词daily,作定语,修饰名词。故填daily。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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第二部分 题型四 语法填空-【成功方案】2025年高考英语艺术生文化课总复习教师用书(Word)
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