第一部分 专题八 非谓语动词-【成功方案】2025年高考英语艺术生文化课总复习教师用书(Word)
2025-10-28
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15页
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90人阅读
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教辅
资源信息
| 学段 | 高中 |
| 学科 | 英语 |
| 教材版本 | - |
| 年级 | 高三 |
| 章节 | - |
| 类型 | 教案 |
| 知识点 | 非谓语动词 |
| 使用场景 | 高考复习 |
| 学年 | 2025-2026 |
| 地区(省份) | 全国 |
| 地区(市) | - |
| 地区(区县) | - |
| 文件格式 | DOCX |
| 文件大小 | 197 KB |
| 发布时间 | 2025-10-28 |
| 更新时间 | 2025-10-28 |
| 作者 | 梁山博圣图书有限公司 |
| 品牌系列 | 成功方案·高考艺术生文化课总复习 |
| 审核时间 | 2025-10-28 |
| 下载链接 | https://m.zxxk.com/soft/54574706.html |
| 价格 | 3.00储值(1储值=1元) |
| 来源 | 学科网 |
|---|
摘要:
该高中英语高考复习教案聚焦非谓语动词核心考点,涵盖不定式、动名词、分词的句法功能及用法区别,按语法成分(主语、宾语、定语等)和逻辑关系(主动被动、时间先后)构建知识体系。通过“黄金法则”梳理、考点分层解析、真题精讲精练教学环节,帮助学生建立非谓语动词的解题框架,突破用法辨析难点,体现复习教学的系统性和针对性。
教案创新采用“四步解题法”(辨析成分、分析时间、判断关系、固定搭配),结合2023全国甲卷“to teach作目的状语”等真题案例,培养学生语言能力和思维品质。设置基础真题回顾、考点专练、语篇综合应用分层练习,配合即时反馈,确保学生高效掌握非谓语动词用法,为教师精准把控复习节奏提供有力支撑,提升学生的高考应试能力。
内容正文:
专题八 非谓语动词
1.(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)These sepals open on warm days ________(give)the inside plants sunshine and fresh air.
to give 考查非谓语动词。句意:温室在温暖的日子里开放,利用液压系统为内部植物提供阳光和通风。use sth.to do sth.为固定搭配,表示“使用某物去做某事”,所以空处应用动词不定式形式作宾语补足语。故填to give。
2.(2023·全国甲卷)For thousands of years,people have told fables(寓言)________(teach)a lesson or to pass on wisdom.
to teach 考查非谓语动词。句意:几千年来,人们通过讲寓言来传授知识或传授智慧。根据句意可知,此处表达“来传授知识和智慧”,所以用不定式作目的状语。故填to teach。
3.(2023·全国甲卷)Behind the simple style,however,is a serious message ________(intend) for everyone.
intended 考查非谓语动词。句意:然而,在简洁的风格背后,是每个人都想要传达的严肃信息。be intended for打算为……所用,在句中作定语,所以用过去分词形式。故填intended。
4.(2023·全国甲卷)“There was once a town in the heart of America,where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with is surroundings,” her fable begins,________(borrow)some familiar words from many age-old fables.
borrowing 考查非谓语动词。句意:“从前,在美国的中心地带有一个小镇,那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活,”她的寓言是这样开头的,借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中已有谓语动词,所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语her fable与borrow之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词作状语。故填borrowing。
5.(2023·全国乙卷)Beijing is a city bridging the ancient and the modern.From Buddhist temples to museums,narrow hutong to royal palaces,it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout,with the city keeping its carefully ________(build)system of ring roads.
built 考查非谓语动词。句意:从佛教寺庙到博物馆,狭窄的胡同和皇家宫殿,它是3000多年辉煌历史的家园,即使是在它的布局上,这座城市也保持着精心建造的环城公路系统。这里为非谓语动词担当定语,表示“精心建造的……”,和被修饰词“system of ring roads”之间为被动关系,用过去分词。故填built。
6.(2023·全国乙卷)________(visit)several times over the last 10 years,I was amazed by the coexistence of old and new,and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage(遗产)while constantly growing.
Having visited 考查非谓语动词。句意:在过去的10年里,我多次访问北京,我惊讶于这里的新旧共存,惊讶于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为非谓语动词担当状语,和主句主语“I”之间为主动关系;根据时间状语“over the last 10 years”可知,用完成时态,由此推断,空处用现在分词的完成时态。置于句首,首字母大写。故填Having visited。
7.(2023·全国乙卷)As a photographer,I have spent the last two years ________(record)everything I discovered.
recording 考查非谓语动词。句意:作为一名摄影师,我花了两年时间记录我发现的一切。spend time (in) doing sth.花费时间做某事。这里为非谓语动词担当宾语,用动名词形式。故填recording。
8.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)To eat one,you have to decide whether ________(bite)a small hole in it first,releasing the stream and risking a spill(溢出),or to put the whole dumpling in your mouth,letting the hot soup explode on your tongue.
to bite 考查非谓语动词。句意:吃小笼包的时候,你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁,还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里,让热汤在舌头上爆炸。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”,用不定式作宾语,空处与后面to put并列作宾语,故填to bite。
9.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)Shanghai may be the ________(recognize)home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long Bao's birthplace.
recognized 考查非谓语动词。句意:上海可能是公认的小笼包之乡,但美食历史学家会告诉你,邻近的运河小镇南翔才是小笼包的发源地。空格在名词home前面作定语,recognize与home是逻辑上动宾关系,需填过去分词recognized作定语,recognized“被公认的”也可以看作是形容词作定语。故填recognized。
10.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)Nanxiang aside,the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin,allowing them ________(lift)out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of their contents.
to be lifted 考查非谓语动词。句意:除了南翔,最好的小笼包有一个精致的,可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来,而不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。根据搭配allow sb.to do sth.“允许某人做某事”可知,空格需用动词不定式作宾语补足语,补足语lift out与宾语them(指代小笼包)是逻辑上的动宾关系,空格需填动词不定式的被动式to be lifted。故填to be lifted。
11.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)No matter where I buy them,one steamer is rarely enough,yet two seems greedy,so I am always left ________(want)more next time.
wanting 考查非谓语动词。句意:无论我在哪里买,一蒸笼都不够,而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了,所以我总是想下次再买。分析句子可知,此处考查“leave sb.+宾语补足语”,本句是被动语态,want是主语补足语,根据句意,I与want之间是主动的逻辑关系,用现在分词wanting。故填wanting。
12.(2022·全国甲卷)A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked(徒步)40 days to Xi'an,as a first step ________(journey)the Belt and Road route(路线)by foot.
to journey 句意:近日,一名来自北京的盲人徒步40天来到西安,作为“一带一路”徒步旅行的第一步。分析句子结合句意可知,journey为动词,表示“旅行”,step前面有序数词,应用不定式,作后置定语。故填to journey。
13.(2022·全国甲卷)Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation ________(hold)in Beijing,Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute(致敬)to the ancient Silk Road.
held 句意:受到在北京举行的“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛的启发,曹决定徒步穿越这条路线,以向古代丝绸之路致敬。分析句子可知,本句已有谓语动词decided,所以hold应用非谓语动词形式,hold与cooperation之间为逻辑动宾关系,应用过去分词,作后置定语,表被动。故填held。
14.(2022·全国乙卷)________(strengthen)the connection with young people,the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media,inviting twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.
To strengthen 句意:为了加强与年轻人的联系,活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传活动,邀请了来自世界各地的29名茶叶专业人士进行36小时不间断的直播。根据句意可知,此处表达“为了加强与年轻人的联系”,需要用不定式作目的状语。故填To strengthen。
15.(2021·全国乙卷)Simply ________(say)thank you doesn't seem enough in certain situations.
saying 考查动名词。句意:在某些情况中简单地说声谢谢是不够的。句子缺少主语成分,此处用动名词做主语。
16.(2021·全国甲卷)I remember ________(walk)down the long hall and opening the door to my room to find an entire flock of seagulls.
walking 考查非谓语动词作宾语。句意:我记得我穿过长长的走廊,打开门进入房间,发现有一群海鸥。remember doing sth.记得做过某事。
17.(2019·天津卷)________(learn)to think critically is an important skill today's children will need for the future.
Learning 考查动名词。句意:学会批判性思维是当代小孩未来所必需的重要技能。句子缺少主语成分,此处用动名词做主语。
18.(2021·全国甲卷)When I returned to London in 2004,I found myself ________(wander)down to Southbank.
wandering 考查非谓语动词。句意:当我2004年回到伦敦的时候,我发现自己漫步在去Southbank的路上。考查find+宾语+宾补的形式,宾语myself与宾补wander之间是主动关系,故用wandering。
19.(2021·全国甲卷)The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can see streams of people ________(move)inside and outside the City Wall.
moving 句意:城墙有12米高,从那你可以看到进出古城墙的人流。see sb.doing “看到某人正在做某事”。
20.(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)They make great gifts and you see them many times ________(decorate)with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.
decorated 考查非谓语动词。句意:它们是很好的礼物,你会经常看到它们被红包和好运的信息装饰着。see sth.done看到某物被……。句中them与decorate之间为被动关系,所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填decorated。
21.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)He said he became just as nervous as those ________(play)instruments on stage.
playing 考查现在分词作后置定语。句意:他说他和在舞台上演奏乐器的人一样紧张。those与play之间是主动关系,故用playing。
22.(2021·全国乙卷)My colleague refused to accept it,________(say)that we were all just doing our job.
saying 考查现在分词作状语。句意:我同事拒绝接受并说我们只是在做我们的工作。句子主语My colleague与say之间是主动关系。故用saying。
23.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)The staff is friendly and helpful,________(provide)you with a map of the city when you arrive.
providing 考查现在分词作状语。句意:那里的员工很友好且乐于助人,当你到那就会给你提供这个城市的地图。句子主语The staff与provide之间是主动关系。故用providing。
24.(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)The next morning he hired a boat and set out ________(find)the well known painter.
to find 考查动词不定式作目的状语。句意:第二天早上,他租了一条船,出发去找这位著名的画家。短语set out to do,意为“出发做某事”,后跟不定式,表目的。
25.(2021·全国甲卷)________(see)the world is a must for children.
Seeing 考查动名词作主语。句意:对于孩子来说观察这个世界是必要的。
26.(2021·全国甲卷)In the sciences and arts,those ________(praise)as geniuses were most often white men.
praised 考查非谓语动词作后置定语。句意:在科学和艺术领域,那些被表扬为天才的人大多为白人。those与praise之间是被动关系,故用praised。
27.(2020·天津卷)The dancer's incredible performance had the audience on its feet ________(clap)for 10 minutes at the end of the show.
clapping 考查非谓语动词。句意:舞蹈演员令人难以置信的表演使观众站起来鼓掌达十分钟之久。该题中,have sb.doing表示“使……某人一直做某事”。the audience和clap之间是主动关系,故用现在分词作宾语补足语。
28.(2020·天津卷)________(help)us prepare for the exam,the teacher suggested reading through our notes.
To help 考查非谓语动词。句意:为了帮助我们准备考试,老师建议我们通读笔记。分析句子结构可知,老师建议我们通读笔记是“为了”帮助我们准备考试。故表目的,应用动词不定式。
29.(2019·北京卷)Nervously ________(face)challenges,I know I will whisper to myself the two simple words “Be yourself”.
facing 考查非谓语动词。句意:紧张地面对挑战,我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简单的字“Be yourself”。分析句式可知,此处是做句子的状语,要用非谓语动词,其逻辑主语是I,非谓语动词face与逻辑主语I之间是主动关系,用现在分词作状语。故填facing。
30.(2019·北京卷)Earth Day,________(mark)on 22 April,is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection.
marked 考查非谓语动词。句意:地球日于4月22日举行,是一项旨在提高公众环保意识的年度活动。分析句式可知,设空处是要作名词Earth Day的后置定语,且两者之间是被动关系,要用过去分词。故填marked。
非谓语动词解题“黄金法则”
法则一 辨析考查涉及的非谓语动词的语法成分及形式
1.辨析应用谓语动词还是非谓语动词。解此类题目时,首先应注意辨析所缺少的是谓语动词还是非谓语动词,这样才能作出正确的选择。
2.分析句子所缺少的成分,以便选择恰当的形式。非谓语动词在句中通常可以作主语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、补足语等。
法则二 分析非谓语动词动作发生的时间
由非谓语动词所表示的动作发生的时间决定其形式是此类题目考查的一个重点。因此,弄清非谓语动词所表示的动作发生的时间与整个句子的谓语动词所表示的动作发生时间的先后顺序是解题的关键。这种先后顺序通常有三种:同时发生;在整个句子的谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生;在整个句子的谓语动词所表示的动作之后发生。
法则三 辨析非谓语动词动作与其逻辑主语是主谓关系还是动宾关系
非谓语动词与句子主语之间的关系是此类题目考查的另一个重点。解题的关键是弄清非谓语动词与句子主语之间的逻辑关系。
法则四 熟记一些固定或特殊的用法、搭配和结构
如果在掌握上述三条解题原则的基础上对非谓语动词的一些固定或特殊用法和搭配加以识记,定会事半功倍。
考点一 不定式与动名词作主语的区别
不定式作主语经常表示具体动作,常与特定的动作执行者联系在一起;而动名词作主语经常表示抽象的动作,而无特定执行者。
It's no good eating too much fat.
吃太多脂肪没好处。
It's good for you to do morning exercises.
做早操对你有好处。
Reading does good to you,generally speaking.But to read this book does harm to you.
一般来说,阅读对你有好处,但是,读这本书对你却有伤害。
考点二 不定式与动名词作宾语的区别
接不定式作宾语的动词有:
afford,aim,appear,agree,arrange,ask,decide,bother,care,choose,come,dare,demand,desire,determine,expect,elect,endeavor,hope,fail,happen,help,hesitate,learn,long,mean,manage,offer,ought,plan,prepare,pretend,promise,refuse,seem,tend,wait,wish,undertake等。
接动名词作宾语的动词或词组有:
admit,finish,practise,enjoy,appreciate,consider,excuse,miss,pardon,fancy,imagine,deny,stop,avoid,escape,risk,mind,keep,postpone,understand,resist,put off,can't help,can't stand,give up等。
有些动词或词组既可跟不定式作宾语,又可跟动名词作宾语,但意义不同。
can't help
try
mean
stop
go on
forget
remember
regret
考点三 分词、不定式作宾语补足语的区别
1.感官动词see,watch,observe,look at,hear,listen to,notice等词的宾语补足语有四种形式,以see为例:
①see+宾语+do看见宾语做……了
②see+宾语+doing看见宾语正在做
③see+宾语+being done看见宾语正在被做
④see+宾语+done看见宾语被做
I heard her sing an English song just now.
刚才我听见她唱了一首英文歌。(主动,完成)
I heard her singing an English song when I passed by her room yesterday.昨天经过她房间时,我听见她在唱英文歌。(主动,正在进行)
I heard an English song being sung by a little girl when I passed by her room yesterday.
昨天经过她房间时,我听见一个小女孩正在唱英文歌。(被动,正在进行)
【温馨提示】 不及物动词的过去分词作宾补表完成或状态。
I looked down at my neck and found my necklace gone.我低头看了一眼我的脖子,发现我的项链不见了。(不及物动词,状态)
(1)leave后接非谓语动词作宾语补足语时,意为“使……处于某种状态”。
leave
It's wrong of you to leave the machine running.你让机器一直开着是不对的。(主动,正在进行)
The guests left most of the dishes untouched,because they didn't taste delicious.大部分的菜客人们没有动,因为它们不可口。(被动,完成)
He left,leaving me to do all the rest work.
他走了,留下我一个人去做剩余的所有工作。(主动,将来)
(2)have,get后可以接动词不定式、现在分词、过去分词三种形式作宾语补足语,have,get表示“使、让、叫”之意。
①have sth.done=get sth.done使/让某事由别人去做(叫/让某人做某事)。
I'll have/get my bike repaired tomorrow.
我明天得(请人)修一下我的自行车。
此外,have sth done还表示“使……遭受……”之意。
Tom had his leg broken while playing football.汤姆踢足球时,摔断了腿。
②have sb./sth.doing使/让某人/物持续地做,强调动作的持续性、连续性;get sb./sth.doing使某人/物开始做。
The captain had the soldiers moving toward the front after a short rest.
休息了片刻之后,上尉让士兵们开始朝前线进发。(在休息之前就已经朝前线走了,此处是强调休息之后继续前行)
③get sb.to do/have sb.do使/让/叫某人做某事。
Mother had me go/got me to go to the shop and buy some salt.妈妈让我去商店买些食盐。
2.下列动词及动词词组后接不定式作补足语,即“动词/动词词组+sb.+to do”
advise,allow,ask,beg,cause,encourage,expect,forbid,force,get,intend,invite,like,love,order,persuade,prefer,require,teach,remind,tell,want,warn,wish,think,wait for,call on,depend on等。
You are not allowed to smoke here.
此处不允许吸烟。
The doctor warned him not to eat too much meat.医生警告他不要吃太多的肉。
3.注意下列结构中用不定式作主语补足语,它们是:sb.be said/believed/known/reported/considered/found/thought+to do/to have done/to be done/to be doing/to have been done
He is said to have gone abroad.(=It is said that he has gone abroad.)据说,他出国了。
Heat is considered to be a form of energy.
热能被看作是一种能量。
考点四 不定式、现在分词、过去分词作定语时的区别
项目
作定语的形式
功能
例句
不定式
to do
主动,将要
I have a lot of work to do.
to be done
被动,将要
The question to be discussed at tomorrow's meeting is very important.
现在
分词
doing
主动,进行
The girl standing there is my cousin.
being done
被动,进行
The house being built is for the homeless.
过去
分词
done
完成,被动
The bridge built last year is now under repair.
完成
The developed countries are very rich.
【温馨提示】 过去分词作定语只表完成而不表被动的用法只限于develop,fall,boil,change,rise等不及物动词的过去分词。
考点五 不定式、分词作状语时的区别
1.表示时间、条件、方式、让步或伴随情况,通常用现在分词或过去分词;若句子主语与非谓语动词是主动关系,用现在分词;若句子主语与非谓语动词是被动关系,用过去分词或现在分词的被动式。
Seeing the cat,the mouse ran off.
见到猫,老鼠就跑了。(the mouse与see是主动关系)
He sat in the chair reading newspapers.
他坐在椅子上看报。(He与read是主动关系)
Given more time,we could have done it better.
如果多给点时间,我们可以做得更好。(we与give是被动关系)
2.表示目的,通常要用不定式;表目的的不定式所表示的动作通常发生在谓语动词之后,且常用于in order to,so as to结构。有时为了强调,可将不定式短语放到句首。
We used the computer to save time.
我们用电脑节约时间。
In order to catch the train,she hurried through her work.为了赶火车,她匆匆做完了她的工作。
注意:不定式作状语只有表示目的时,才可以放到句首。
3.表示原因,通常用分词短语,且多放在句首,有时也放在句末,多用逗号隔开。
Being very weak,she couldn't move.
由于身体虚弱,她不能行动。
Much discouraged,she came back home.
她很沮丧地回了家。
【温馨提示】 在表示情绪或情感反应的形容词(如happy,glad,sorry,sad,surprised,frightened,delighted,disappointed)后可接不定式短语表示原因。
I'm very pleased to meet you.
认识你我很高兴。
I'm proud to be your friend.
当你的朋友我感到骄傲。
4.表示结果,用不定式或现在分词均可,但不定式表结果,其动作发生在谓语动词之后,有时表示未曾预料到的或令人不快的,不定式前常加only,另外还用于too...to,enough to,never to,so/such...as to等固定结构中;现在分词表示结果,是伴随谓语动词的发生而产生的自然结果(同时发生),前面可加上thus。
He was so foolish as to leave his car unlocked.
他是那样傻,竟然没锁车。
He hurried to the house only to find that it was empty.
他匆忙赶到那屋子里,发现已经空无一人。
He died,leaving his wife with five children.
他死了,留下他妻子和五个孩子。
考点六 不定式的主动形式表被动的意义
1.在“主语+be+形容词+to do”结构中的不定式通常要用主动形式表示被动意义,其中句子的主语是不定式动作的承受者。
The question is difficult to answer.
这问题很难回答。
Your writing is impossible to read.
你的书写没法认。
2.不定式用于某些动词(如have,have got,get,want,need等)的宾语后作定语时,如果不定式的逻辑主语就是句子的主语,则要用主动形式表示被动意义;如果不定式的逻辑主语不是句子的主语,则应用被动式。
I have something to type.
我有些东西要打印。(指自己打字)
I have something to be typed.
我有些东西要打印。(指请人打字)
3.不定式用于某些双宾动词(如give,show,buy,lend,get等)的直接宾语后作定语时,如果不定式的逻辑主语就是直接宾语前的间接宾语,通常用主动形式表示被动意义;如果不定式的逻辑主语不是直接宾语前的间接宾语,则应用被动式。
Give me some magazines to read.
给我几本杂志看。
He will show you the room to be used as the meeting room.
他将带你去看看用作会议室的房间。
4.在“make+宾语+形容词比较级+不定式”结构中的不定式通常要用主动结构表被动意义。
His method will make our work easier to do.
他的方法将使我们的工作更容易做了。
1.Much of this incrase can be due to dimate change.The findings show a critical need ________(invest)in disaster prevention.
to invest 句意:研究结果表明,急需投资于灾害预防。根据语境可知,此处表示未来的动作,应用不定式,作后置定语。故填to invest。
2.Mary became a baker at age 14,because her grandfather paid the local baker ________(teach)her all the skills.
to teach 句意:玛丽在14岁时成为了一名面包师,因为她的祖父付钱给当地的面包师来教她所有的技能。短语pay sb.to do sth,意为“雇佣某人做某事”,根据句意,故填to teach。
3.They represent the earth ________(come)back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.
coming 句意:它们代表着大地的复苏和对新开端的美好祝愿。句中谓语动词为represent,所以这里为非谓语动词。名词earth与come back to之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词作后置定语。故填coming。
4.They make great gifts and you see them many times________(decorate)with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.
decorated 句意:它们是很好的礼物,你会经常看到它们装饰着红包和好运的信息。句中them指代前句中的orange trees,与decorate之间为被动关系,所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填decorated。
5.And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds ________(surround)the mountain tops,he was reduced to tears.
surrounding 句意:当他看到雾气从河上升起,山顶上乌云环绕,他不禁流下了眼泪。分析句子结构可知,the soft clouds (surround) the mountain tops是独立主格结构做状语,surround在句中应用非谓语动词形式,与逻辑主语clouds构成主动关系,故应用现在分词。故填surrounding。
6.As well as looking at exhitis,visitors can play with computer simulations(模拟)and imogine themselves living at a different time in history or________(walk)through a rainforest.
walking 句意:除了观赏展品,游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏,想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时期,或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处与living是并列成分,共同做imagine的宾补,imagine sb.doing sth.“想象某人做某事”。故填walking。
7.Later,they learned to work with the seasons,planting at the right time and,in dry areas,________(make)use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉)their fields.
making 句意:后来,他们学会了因地制宜,在适当的时间播种,在干旱地区,利用每年的洪水来灌溉农田。分析句子,make所处的分句中无主语,故此处需用非谓语动词。make use of和逻辑主语they之间表示“主动”关系。所以此处用现在分词形式(doing)形式作状语。故填making。
8.Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang'e-4________(find)and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin.
to find 句意:中国的研究者希望使用嫦娥四号上的设备来发现和研究南极艾特肯盆地。此处表示目的,应使用不定式作目的状语。故填to find。
9.They are easy________(care)for and make great presents.
to care 句意:它们很容易照顾,也很适合作为礼物。这里考查“be +形容词 + to do”结构。故填to care。
10.Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level,the national parks,in particular,tend ________(catch)our attention because of their large size and variety.
to catch 考查非谓语动词。句意:尽管任何级别都存在各种规模和类型的公园,但特别是国家公园,由于其庞大的规模和多样性,往往会引起我们的注意。设空处是主句谓语,固定搭配:tend to do sth.表示“倾向于做某事”,不定式作宾语,故填to catch。
11.Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology ________(change)lives.
to change 句意:农业让人们第一次体验到技术改变生活的力量。分析句子,简单句中已有动词gave故提示词部分需用非谓语动词。分析句意,此处需用不定式表示目的。故填to change。
12.________(catch)the early flight,we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early.
To catch 句意:为了赶上早班航班,我们提前预订了出租车,并且起得很早。根据句意可知设空处为目的状语,故用不定式形式。
13.________(absorb)in painting,John didn't notice evening approaching.
Absorbed 句意:由于在全神贯注地画画,约翰没有察觉到夜幕降临了。考查非谓语动词作原因状语。设空处动作与句子主语John之间为被动关系,再结合固定搭配be absorbed in可知填Absorbed。
14.Children,when________(accompany)by their parents,are allowed to enter the stadium.
accompanied 句意:当孩子们由父母陪同时,他们才被允许进入这个运动场。本题考查非谓语动词作状语。句子主语children与accompany之间为逻辑上的被动关系。when accompanied by their parents相当于when children are accompanied by their parents,故填accompanied。
15.There's a note pinned to the door ________(say)when the shop will open again.
saying 句意:门上钉着一张便条,上面写着这家店再次开张的时间。本题考查非谓语动词作定语。note和say之间是逻辑上的主动关系,故用saying作后置定语。say(用文字、数字、图画)表达,说明(信息)。
一、阅读下面材料,在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
For a book lover,stepping into a bookstore is always exciting,but a new bookstore in China makes the experience really amazing.
1.________(locate)in the west of Chengdu in Sichuan Province,there is a bookstore that is just like a magical world.Upon entering,visitors can see C-shaped bookcases,2.________ create a series of private spaces.In the center of the store,towering arches(拱门)take advantage of the full 3.________(high)of the space.
It looks like the books spreading out from the floor to the ceiling.But actually the books placed on the highest levels are not real.The store already has a 4.________(collect)of over 80,000 books,so there's actually no waste of space.
Visitors walking through the store will find areas designed 5.________(serve)different purposes.The children's reading area,for example,features panda posters,bamboo bookshelves and colorful cushions(坐垫).The panda pictures 6.________(hang)on the bookshelves are like pandas climbing on high branches.The colorful cushions can provide comfort 7.________ children to sit on the ground and relax.All the 8.________(element)of the design come together to give visitors 9.________ interesting experience.
In a word,it really 10.________(present)the local famous man-made landscape,even though it is in an artistic way.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国四川成都西部的一家新书店,让人体验到很奇妙的感觉,它以一种艺术的方式呈现了当地著名的人造景观。
1.Located 考查非谓语动词。句意:在四川省成都市的西部,有一家书店,就像一个神奇的世界。分析句子结构可知,本句已有谓语动词is,所以locate用非谓语动词,此处是固定搭配:be located in意为“位于”,动词locate和句子的主语a bookstore 之间是被动关系,所以,用过去分词作状语,位于句首,首字母应大写。故填Located。
2.which 考查定语从句。句意:进入后,游客可以看到C形的书柜,它创造了一系列的私人空间。该空引导非限制性定语从句,先行词C-shaped bookcases,为物,关系词在非限制性定语从句中作主语,用关系代词which。
3.height 考查名词。句意:在商店的中心,高耸的拱门充分利用了空间的高度。空前是形容词,所以空处应填名词作宾语,所以用名词,后面有of短语限定,所以用不可数名词height,故填height。
4.collection 考查名词。句意:这家书店已经收藏了超过8万本书,所以实际上没有浪费空间。空前是冠词,所以空处应填名词作宾语,collect的名词形式是collection,根据空前的a可知用单数形式。故填collection。
5.to serve 考查非谓语动词。句意:走过商店的游客会发现不同用途的区域。此处是固定搭配:be designed to do sth.意为“被设计来做某事”,serve用不定式形式。故填to serve。
6.hanging 考查非谓语动词。句意:挂在书架上的熊猫图片就像熊猫爬在高高的树枝上。分析句子结构可知,本句已有谓语动词are,所以hang用非谓语形式,和逻辑主语pictures之间是主动关系,用现在分词作后置定语。故填hanging。
7.for 考查介词。句意:色彩丰富的靠垫可以为孩子们提供舒适的坐在地上放松。固定搭配:provide sth.for sb.意为“提供某人某物”。故填for。
8.elements 考查名词。句意:所有的设计元素汇集在一起,给游客一个有趣的体验。前面有all,所以用可数名词element的复数形式,故填elements。
9.an 考查冠词。句意同上。experience意为“经历”,为可数名词,句中用的单数,前用不定冠词修饰,interesting为元音音素开头,用an修饰。
10.presents 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:总之,它真正地呈现了当地著名的人造景观,尽管它是以一种艺术的方式。描述现状,所以用一般现在时态,主语为it,所以谓语动词present用第三人称单数,故填presents。
二、阅读下面材料,在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
China has become the first country 1.________(land)a spacecraft on the far side of the moon.The unmanned Chang'e 4 probe(探测器)—the name 2.________(inspire)by an ancient Chinese moon goddess—touched down last week in the South Pole Aitken basin.3.________(land)on the moon's far side is extremely 4.________ (challenge).Because the moon's body 5.________(block)direct radio communication with a probe,China first 6.________(have)to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot where it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth.The far side of the moon is of particular interest to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters(环形山),more so than the familiar near side.Chinese researchers hope 7.________(use)the instruments onboard Chang'e 4 8.________(find)and study areas of the South Pole Aitken basin.“This really excites scientists,” Carle Pieters,a scientist at Brown University,says,“because it means we have the chance 9.________(obtain)information about how the moon constructed.” Data about the moon's composition,such as how much ice and other treasures it contains,could help China decide whether its plans for a future lunar(月球的)base 10.________(be)practical.
答案 1.to land 2.was inspired 3.Landing 4.challenging 5.blocks 6.had 7.to use 8.to find 9.to obtain 10.are
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