第十一讲 动词的时态-2026年中考英语一轮复习 语法重难点专项突破（语法讲义+配套练习）（全国通用）

中考核心语法·精练 第十一讲 动词的时态2026年中考英语语法专项突破（全国通用） （语法讲义+模拟练习+真题操练） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 一、一般现在时用法表 此表格对应讲义 “考点一：一般现在时”，梳理其核心结构、标志词、用法及动词变化规则，覆盖 “be 动词 / 实义动词句式”“三单变化”“主将从现” 等高频考点，是理解 “经常性动作、客观真理” 类时态表达的基础。 项目 具体内容 示例 结构 1. be 动词型： - 肯定：主语 + am/is/are + 其他 - 否定：主语 + am/is/are not + 其他 - 疑问：Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 其他 2. 实义动词型： - 肯定：主语 + 动词原形 / 三单 + 其他 - 否定：主语 + don’t/doesn’t + 动词原形 + 其他 - 疑问：Do/Does + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他 1. be 动词：She is a student.（肯定）；She isn’t a student.（否定） 2. 实义动词：He plays basketball.（肯定）；He doesn’t play basketball.（否定） 标志词 1. 频率副词：always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom 等 2. 时间短语：every day/week, on Monday, in the morning 3. 频率短语：once a week, twice a month He often goes to the park on Sunday. We have class every morning. 用法 1. 表经常发生的动作或存在的状态 2. 表客观真理、科学事实或名言警句 3. “主将从现”：时间 / 条件从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时 4. here/there 开头表正在发生的动作 1. I usually get up at 6:00. 2. The earth goes around the sun. 3. I’ll go if he comes. 4. Here comes the bus. 三单变化规则 1. 一般加 - s（swim→swims） 2. s/x/sh/ch/o 结尾加 - es（pass→passes, go→goes） 3. 辅音 + y 变 i 加 - es（study→studies） 4. 特殊：have→has work→works；wash→washes；carry→carries 注意事项： 1. 实义动词的否定 / 疑问句需借助 “do/does”，不可直接在动词后加 “not”（错误：He play not basketball，正确：He doesn’t play basketball）； 2. “主将从现” 仅适用于时间（when, as soon as）和条件（if, unless）从句，主句必须用一般将来时（错误：If he comes, I go，正确：If he comes, I will go）； 3. here/there 开头的句子需用完全倒装，主语为代词时不倒装（如 “Here it is”，不可说 “Here is it”）。 二、一般过去时用法表 此表格对应讲义 “考点二：一般过去时”，明确其 “表过去动作 / 状态” 的核心功能，梳理结构、标志词及动词过去式变化，覆盖 “无明确时状但指过去” 的隐性用法，是中考基础时态高频考点。 项目 具体内容 示例 结构 1. be 动词型： - 肯定：主语 + was/were + 其他 - 否定：主语 + was/were not + 其他 - 疑问：Was/Were + 主语 + 其他 2. 实义动词型： - 肯定：主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他 - 否定：主语 + didn’t + 动词原形 + 其他 - 疑问：Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他 1. be 动词：They were happy.（肯定）；They weren’t happy.（否定） 2. 实义动词：She walked to school.（肯定）；She didn’t walk to school.（否定） 标志词 yesterday, last week, the day before yesterday, three days ago, in 1990, just now, at the age of 10 He visited his grandma last Sunday. She left here just now. 用法 1. 表过去发生的或过去经常发生的动作 / 状态 2. 无明确过去时状，但语境指过去动作（如 “哦，我把书落实验室了”） 1. We played football yesterday. 2. Oh no! I forgot my key. 过去式变化规则 1. 一般加 - ed（plant→planted） 2. 不发音 e 结尾加 - d（dance→danced） 3. 辅音 + y 变 i 加 - ed（study→studied） 4. 辅元辅结构双写尾字母加 - ed（stop→stopped） play→played；live→lived；plan→planned 注意事项： 1. 实义动词的过去时否定 / 疑问需用 “didn’t + 动词原形”，不可用过去式（错误：Did he went?，正确：Did he go?）； 2. 部分动词过去式为不规则变化（如 fly→flew, stick→stuck），需单独记忆，不可套用规则； 3. 描述 “过去经常发生的动作” 时，一般过去时可与 “used to do” 互换（如 “He played basketball every day”=“He used to play basketball every day”）。 三、一般将来时用法表 此表格对应讲义 “考点三：一般将来时”，梳理 “will/shall”“be going to” 两种核心结构，明确 “表将来动作、计划打算” 的用法，覆盖 “位移动词现进表将来”“There be 句型将来时” 等特殊场景，是中考时态辨析重点。 项目 具体内容 示例 结构 1. will/shall 型： - 肯定：主语 + will/shall（第一人称）+ 动词原形 - 否定：主语 + will/shall not + 动词原形 - 疑问：Will/Shall + 主语 + 动词原形 2. be going to 型： - 肯定：主语 + am/is/are going to + 动词原形 - 否定：主语 + am/is/are not going to + 动词原形 - 疑问：Am/Is/Are + 主语 + going to + 动词原形 3. There be 句型：There will be/There is/are going to be 1. will 型：They will go to Beijing.（肯定）；Will they go to Beijing?（疑问） 2. be going to 型：She is going to sing.（肯定）；She isn’t going to sing.（否定） 3. There be：There will be a party. 标志词 tomorrow, next month, the day after tomorrow, soon, in the future, in 10 minutes We will have a test next week. He will come back in 5 days. 用法 1. will：表将来某个时间的动作（无计划） 2. be going to：表计划 / 打算，或有迹象要发生的事 3. 位移动词（go, come 等）现进表短时间内将来 4. “主将从现”：从句一般现在时，主句一般将来时 1. I will help you.（无计划） 2. Look at the clouds—it’s going to rain.（有迹象） 3. The train is coming.（位移动词现进） 4. If it rains, we won’t go out.（主将从现） 注意事项： 1. shall 仅用于第一人称（I/we），第二、三人称需用 will（错误：You shall go，正确：You will go）； 2. “be going to” 不可表 “纯粹将来”（如 “明天会下雨” 用 “It will rain tomorrow”，不用 “It is going to rain tomorrow”，除非有乌云等迹象）； 3. There be 句型将来时不可漏掉 “be”（错误：There will have a meeting，正确：There will be a meeting）。 四、现在进行时用法表 此表格对应讲义 “考点四：现在进行时”，聚焦 “表当前正在动作” 的核心功能，梳理结构、标志词及现在分词变化，明确 “无进行时的动词类型”，是区分 “当前动作与经常性动作” 的关键。 项目 具体内容 示例 结构 肯定：主语 + am/is/are+v.-ing 否定：主语 + am/is/are not+v.-ing 疑问：Am/Is/Are + 主语 + v.-ing He is reading.（肯定）；He isn’t reading.（否定）；Is he reading?（疑问） 标志词 now, Look!, Listen!, right now, these days, Can you hear... Listen! She is singing. They are working hard these days. 用法 1. 表说话时正在进行的动作 2. 表当前一段时间内持续的动作 3. 无进行时的动词：感官动词（see, hear）、情感 / 心理动词（like, know, believe） 1. I am eating now. 2. We are learning English this month. 3. 错误：I am knowing it，正确：I know it 现在分词变化规则 1. 一般加 - ing（play→playing） 2. 不发音 e 结尾去 e 加 - ing（live→living） 3. 辅元辅结构双写尾字母加 - ing（put→putting） 4. ie 结尾变 i 加 - ing（die→dying） read→reading；write→writing；sit→sitting；lie→lying 注意事项： 1. 感官动词表 “正在听 / 看” 需用 “be+listening/seeing”，表 “能力” 用一般现在时（如 “Can you hear it?” 用一般现在时，不可说 “Are you hearing it?”）； 2. 现在分词的 “辅元辅双写” 需满足 “重读闭音节”（如 open→opening，非重读闭音节，无需双写）； 3. “these days” 表 “当前阶段”，即使动作不是 “此刻正在进行”，也可用现在进行时（如 “We are preparing for the exam these days”）。 五、过去进行时用法表 此表格对应讲义 “考点五：过去进行时”，明确 “表过去某时 / 段正在动作” 的功能，梳理 “when/while 从句” 的搭配规则，是区分 “过去瞬间动作与持续动作” 的核心考点。 项目 具体内容 示例 结构 肯定：主语 + was/were+v.-ing 否定：主语 + was/were not+v.-ing 疑问：Was/Were + 主语 + v.-ing She was dancing.（肯定）；She wasn’t dancing.（否定）；Was she dancing?（疑问） 标志词 at this time yesterday, at that time, at 8 last night, when/while 引导的从句 What were you doing at 8 last night? He was reading when I came. 用法 1. 表过去某一时刻或时间段正在进行的动作 2. when 从句（一般过去时）+ 主句（过去进行时）：表 “瞬间动作发生时，持续动作正在进行” 3. while 从句 / 主句（均为过去进行时）：表 “两个持续动作同时进行” 1. They were playing chess at this time yesterday. 2. When the rain came, he was walking.（when + 一过，主句 + 过进） 3. While she was cooking, I was cleaning.（while + 过进，主句 + 过进） 注意事项： 1. when 后可接一般过去时或过去进行时，while 后只能接过去进行时（错误：While he came，正确：When he came）； 2. 主语为单数时用 was，复数用 were（错误：He were reading，正确：He was reading）； 3. 描述 “过去同时进行的两个动作” 时，while 连接的句子需用过去进行时（如 “While I was listening to music, my sister was drawing”）。 六、现在完成时用法表 此表格对应讲义 “考点六：现在完成时”，聚焦 “过去动作对现在的影响”“动作延续到现在” 两大核心用法，梳理标志词、短暂性动词转换及 “have been to/gone to/in” 的区别，是中考时态难点。 项目 具体内容 示例 结构 肯定：主语 + have/has + 过去分词 否定：主语 + have/has not + 过去分词 疑问：Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词 I have finished.（肯定）；I haven’t finished.（否定）；Have I finished?（疑问） 标志词 already, yet, just, ever, before, since + 时间点 / 从句（一过）, for + 时段，in the past 5 years He has lived here for 10 years. We have known each other since 2018. 用法 1. 表过去动作对现在的影响（常与 already/yet/just 连用） 2. 表过去动作延续到现在（需用延续性动词，与 for/since 连用） 3. 短暂性动词转延续性动词：become→be, borrow→keep, buy→have, die→be dead 等 1. Have you eaten?（影响：现在不饿） 2. He has been ill for 3 days.（延续，ill 为延续性） 3. 错误：He has bought the book for 2 days，正确：He has had the book for 2 days 特殊用法 1. have been to：去过某地（已回） 2. have gone to：去了某地（未回） 3. have been in：在某地待了多久（延续） 1. I have been to Beijing.（已回） 2. He has gone to Beijing.（未回） 3. They have been in Beijing for 5 years.（延续） 注意事项： 1. 现在完成时不可与明确过去时状（yesterday, last week）连用（错误：I have finished yesterday，正确：I finished yesterday）； 2. “since + 从句” 中，从句需用一般过去时（错误：since I have lived here，正确：since I lived here）； 3. 询问 “多久” 用 how long，不可用 when（错误：When have you lived here?，正确：How long have you lived here?）。 一、单句语法填空:用所给单词的正确形式填空 1．（2025·江苏无锡·三模）He (complete) all the work on his own. Just wait and see! 2．（2025·江苏无锡·三模）It (remain) unknown whether this idea can be put into practice. 3．（2025·甘肃定西·模拟预测）The school is going to     (hold) a speech competition on how to recycle waste tomorrow. 4．（2025·甘肃白银·三模）They (play) basketball when it suddenly began to rain. 5．（2025·云南昆明·二模）The students to organize a science competition yesterday. (decision) 6．（2025·上海闵行·三模）We are waiting anxiously to see who will in the end. (success) 7．（2025·江苏无锡·二模）Wait a moment, please. I (do) the dishes. Can we talk about it later? 8．（2025·黑龙江牡丹江·一模）The physics teacher told us that water (freeze) below 0℃. 9．（2024·江苏无锡·三模）—Have your friends completed their history project? —I’ve no idea. They (work) on it last night. 10．（2024·江苏无锡·模拟预测）You (not find) out the truth until the end of the novel. 11．（2025·甘肃定西·模拟预测）Products made in China have (be) popular at home and abroad over the past few years. 12．（2025·甘肃定西·模拟预测）The story of Houyi Shoots the Suns has (be) popular with children in China for many years. 13．（2025·辽宁营口·二模）Be quiet! Grandma (sleep). 14．（2025·重庆渝中·一模）Unfortunately, she (break) a leg in a car accident and was sent to the hospital. 15．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）The fast development of China’s new energy cars (mean) a lot to the environment. 二、语法选择 Passage 1 （2025·广东汕尾·模拟预测）As the cold season arrives, people in Beijing put on thick sweaters and warm jackets to stay warm. Interestingly, some large roadside trees are also “dressed” in colorful sweaters specially made for 1 ! In areas like Hongxing Hutong and Beijing Foreign Studies University, these trees look like they are having 2 special “winter fashion show”. The sweaters are 3 bright, cheerful colors, just like the dopamine-colored(多巴胺色的) clothes we see. They don’t just make the trees look fun, but also help them stay 4 in the cold. In winter, the trees in the city usually look bare (光秃秃的), and everything 5 a bit boring. But these sweaters help with that. They make the trees look so 6 and brighten up the streets. With their bright colors, the tree sweaters 7 popular among both citizens and tourists so far. Many people visit these places just 8 photos. For children, the sweaters provide a chance to have fun 9 play. For example, in Pinggu, kids happily touch the pictures on the sweaters and play around the decorated (装饰的) trees. Even though we can’t put 10 on every tree, this creative idea is really cool. It makes the city more interesting and brings people closer to their city. 1. A．they B．them C．their 2. A．a B．an C．the 3. A．in B．on C．at 4. A．warm B．warmth C．warmly 5. A．seemed B．seems C．to seem 6. A．lively B．livelier C．liveliest 7. A．is becoming B．become C．have become 8. A．to take B．took C．taking 9. A．but B．so C．and 10. A．sweater B．sweaters C．sweaters’ Passage 2 （2025·陕西宝鸡·二模）What do you do with clothes you don’t want to wear anymore? You may donate them or give them to other people. What happens next? Where 1 ? It’s reported that 92 million tons of clothes end up in landfills (垃圾填埋场) every year. This means that every second a truck full of clothes 2 at a landfill. 3 , the beaches of Ghana, a country in West Africa, are among these places. Now, the beaches 4 covered with clothing waste. People from all over the world donate clothes to charity. However, charity shops only sell up to 20 percent of donated clothes. The unsold clothes 5 in large bags and travel to other countries to be sold again or for waste disposal (处理). The Kantamanto market in Ghana, is one of the world’s 6 secondhand clothing markets. Every week, 7 pieces of clothes arrive at Kantamanto. But only about 60 percent of them are sold there. The others usually leave the market as waste. Workers either burn the waste or put 8 underground. However, the country is near the sea. 9 there’s not enough space for landfills. This is why a lot of clothing waste ends up on the beach. As it goes into the sea, fish and other sea life are in 10 danger. Sea turtles can’t get to the land, and fish can’t grow because they may get caught in the clothes. 1. A．did these clothes end up B．these clothes ended up C．do these clothes end up D．these clothes end up 2. A．arrives B．arrive C．arrived D．have arrived 3. A．Sad B．Sadly C．Luck D．Luckily 4. A．am B．is C．are D．be 5. A．is put B．are put C．was put D．were put 6. A．smaller B．smallest C．larger D．largest 7. A．20 million B．20 millions C．20 million of D．20 millions of 8. A．it B．them C．him D．her 9. A．Though B．But C．Until D．So 10. A．a B．an C．/ D．the Passage 3 （2025·广东清远·二模）请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将对应选项涂黑。 On August 15, 2024, China celebrated its second National Ecological Day (全国生态日). On that day, people across the country 1 in different activities to help protect our nature. It was a day to come together 2 make our country more beautiful. There are many things we can do on National Ecological Day to make 3 difference. One important thing is learning about nature and 4 we can take care of it. We can read books or watch videos 5 animals, plants, and the environment. By understanding more, we can make 6 choices to protect our planet. Cleaning up our neighborhood is also 7 we can do. We can pick up trash (垃圾). It keeps our environment clean and safe for 8 . Another important action is planting trees. We can 9 trees in our schools or parks. Even as kids, we have the power to help. We can recycle bottles and paper, and save water by 10 off the tap (水龙头) when we brush our teeth. These small actions help protect our planet. 1. A．join B．will join C．joined 2. A．or B．but C．and 3. A．a B．an C．the 4. A．what B．how C．why 5. A．about B．in C．from 6. A．good B．better C．best 7. A．anything B．nothing C．something 8. A．animal’s B．animal C．animals 9. A．plant B．plants C．planting 10. A．turn B．turning C．to turn 三、语法填空 Passage 1 （2024·山东枣庄·中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 More and more people want to be away from city life by taking up farming. That’s why shared farms 1 (become) popular in recent years. The All-Happy City, a shared farm in Shanghai, is a perfect place. 2 shared farm is quite big. It 3 (build) by Chen Yougui in October, 2022. This farm has about 200 members. They can plant carrots, lettuce and other vegetables. Some of 4 (they) even raise chickens and ducks. 5 they aren’t at the farm during the weekdays, they can pay the workers for their service of taking care of their land. Chen runs the farm 6 the help of modern technology. There 7 (be) a system (系统) which allows the members to see their vegetables through their mobile phones. Besides, each animal comes with its own QR code (二维码), so the chickens and ducks raised by 8 (customer) won’t be lost. Chen says that many of his members are parents. They want 9 (teach) their kids how to farm, so their kids will learn 10 (much) about science and nature than other children. They can usually get close to nature and enjoy life in peace. Passage 2 （2024·吉林·中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Westwood National Park is a very huge national park. It is well-known 1 its fascinating scenes and many kinds of animals, especially bears. It is one of my favorite 2 (place) to take photos. I will never forget that afternoon. Birds flew over the 3 (peace) lake. The mountains 4 (cover) with white snow. With the camera held to my eye, I was recording the amazing picture. All of a sudden, I found two baby bears far away running after each other 5 (happy). Sometimes they stopped to look around; sometimes one rubbed (蹭) against the other’s back. They had a lot of fun playing in 6 sun. At that moment, I completely lost myself in the sweet environment. How I wished that time could stand still! I really hoped 7 (catch) the warm scene with my camera and I did it. After a while, I 8 (hear) a loud roar (吼叫) from the mother bear. The two baby bears stood up quickly 9 ran back to the forest. I was so lucky that I could take such a picture. The photo always reminds 10 (I) that the real beauty is “nature” in nature. Passage 3 （2024·四川乐山·中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填写1个适当的单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式。 I can still remember my primary school homework on animals. I decided 1 (write) about the whale (鲸鱼). I have loved them from a young age. I’m not quite sure why I love them. It might be something about 2 (they) shape. They have a smooth shape, and their tails look like a heart. They also move so 3 (slow) and beautifully, like a tree dancing in the wind. This way, they seem very clever. So, of course, one of my best memories 4 (be) when I got to see a type of whale called the Southern Right Whale in Argentina. Watching them moving smoothly in the water, I felt 5 (happy) than ever. They were so beautiful! And I’m not the only one who loves whales. Different peoples across the world have a special place for whales in their 6 (heart). Take the Maori people in New Zealand as 7 example. Living by the ocean, they see whales as guardians (守护者) of the ocean and talk about them a lot in their 8 (tradition) stories. Why was I interested in whales like the Maori people? 9 they need our protection. That’s what my school homework was about— animals we need to protect. Whales play a big role 10 the ocean. So, protecting whales means protecting the whole ocean. 9 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $中考核心语法·精练 第十一讲 动词的时态2026年中考英语语法专项突破（全国通用） （语法讲义+模拟练习+真题操练） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 一、一般现在时用法表 此表格对应讲义 “考点一：一般现在时”，梳理其核心结构、标志词、用法及动词变化规则，覆盖 “be 动词 / 实义动词句式”“三单变化”“主将从现” 等高频考点，是理解 “经常性动作、客观真理” 类时态表达的基础。 项目 具体内容 示例 结构 1. be 动词型： - 肯定：主语 + am/is/are + 其他 - 否定：主语 + am/is/are not + 其他 - 疑问：Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 其他 2. 实义动词型： - 肯定：主语 + 动词原形 / 三单 + 其他 - 否定：主语 + don’t/doesn’t + 动词原形 + 其他 - 疑问：Do/Does + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他 1. be 动词：She is a student.（肯定）；She isn’t a student.（否定） 2. 实义动词：He plays basketball.（肯定）；He doesn’t play basketball.（否定） 标志词 1. 频率副词：always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom 等 2. 时间短语：every day/week, on Monday, in the morning 3. 频率短语：once a week, twice a month He often goes to the park on Sunday. We have class every morning. 用法 1. 表经常发生的动作或存在的状态 2. 表客观真理、科学事实或名言警句 3. “主将从现”：时间 / 条件从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时 4. here/there 开头表正在发生的动作 1. I usually get up at 6:00. 2. The earth goes around the sun. 3. I’ll go if he comes. 4. Here comes the bus. 三单变化规则 1. 一般加 - s（swim→swims） 2. s/x/sh/ch/o 结尾加 - es（pass→passes, go→goes） 3. 辅音 + y 变 i 加 - es（study→studies） 4. 特殊：have→has work→works；wash→washes；carry→carries 注意事项： 1. 实义动词的否定 / 疑问句需借助 “do/does”，不可直接在动词后加 “not”（错误：He play not basketball，正确：He doesn’t play basketball）； 2. “主将从现” 仅适用于时间（when, as soon as）和条件（if, unless）从句，主句必须用一般将来时（错误：If he comes, I go，正确：If he comes, I will go）； 3. here/there 开头的句子需用完全倒装，主语为代词时不倒装（如 “Here it is”，不可说 “Here is it”）。 二、一般过去时用法表 此表格对应讲义 “考点二：一般过去时”，明确其 “表过去动作 / 状态” 的核心功能，梳理结构、标志词及动词过去式变化，覆盖 “无明确时状但指过去” 的隐性用法，是中考基础时态高频考点。 项目 具体内容 示例 结构 1. be 动词型： - 肯定：主语 + was/were + 其他 - 否定：主语 + was/were not + 其他 - 疑问：Was/Were + 主语 + 其他 2. 实义动词型： - 肯定：主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他 - 否定：主语 + didn’t + 动词原形 + 其他 - 疑问：Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他 1. be 动词：They were happy.（肯定）；They weren’t happy.（否定） 2. 实义动词：She walked to school.（肯定）；She didn’t walk to school.（否定） 标志词 yesterday, last week, the day before yesterday, three days ago, in 1990, just now, at the age of 10 He visited his grandma last Sunday. She left here just now. 用法 1. 表过去发生的或过去经常发生的动作 / 状态 2. 无明确过去时状，但语境指过去动作（如 “哦，我把书落实验室了”） 1. We played football yesterday. 2. Oh no! I forgot my key. 过去式变化规则 1. 一般加 - ed（plant→planted） 2. 不发音 e 结尾加 - d（dance→danced） 3. 辅音 + y 变 i 加 - ed（study→studied） 4. 辅元辅结构双写尾字母加 - ed（stop→stopped） play→played；live→lived；plan→planned 注意事项： 1. 实义动词的过去时否定 / 疑问需用 “didn’t + 动词原形”，不可用过去式（错误：Did he went?，正确：Did he go?）； 2. 部分动词过去式为不规则变化（如 fly→flew, stick→stuck），需单独记忆，不可套用规则； 3. 描述 “过去经常发生的动作” 时，一般过去时可与 “used to do” 互换（如 “He played basketball every day”=“He used to play basketball every day”）。 三、一般将来时用法表 此表格对应讲义 “考点三：一般将来时”，梳理 “will/shall”“be going to” 两种核心结构，明确 “表将来动作、计划打算” 的用法，覆盖 “位移动词现进表将来”“There be 句型将来时” 等特殊场景，是中考时态辨析重点。 项目 具体内容 示例 结构 1. will/shall 型： - 肯定：主语 + will/shall（第一人称）+ 动词原形 - 否定：主语 + will/shall not + 动词原形 - 疑问：Will/Shall + 主语 + 动词原形 2. be going to 型： - 肯定：主语 + am/is/are going to + 动词原形 - 否定：主语 + am/is/are not going to + 动词原形 - 疑问：Am/Is/Are + 主语 + going to + 动词原形 3. There be 句型：There will be/There is/are going to be 1. will 型：They will go to Beijing.（肯定）；Will they go to Beijing?（疑问） 2. be going to 型：She is going to sing.（肯定）；She isn’t going to sing.（否定） 3. There be：There will be a party. 标志词 tomorrow, next month, the day after tomorrow, soon, in the future, in 10 minutes We will have a test next week. He will come back in 5 days. 用法 1. will：表将来某个时间的动作（无计划） 2. be going to：表计划 / 打算，或有迹象要发生的事 3. 位移动词（go, come 等）现进表短时间内将来 4. “主将从现”：从句一般现在时，主句一般将来时 1. I will help you.（无计划） 2. Look at the clouds—it’s going to rain.（有迹象） 3. The train is coming.（位移动词现进） 4. If it rains, we won’t go out.（主将从现） 注意事项： 1. shall 仅用于第一人称（I/we），第二、三人称需用 will（错误：You shall go，正确：You will go）； 2. “be going to” 不可表 “纯粹将来”（如 “明天会下雨” 用 “It will rain tomorrow”，不用 “It is going to rain tomorrow”，除非有乌云等迹象）； 3. There be 句型将来时不可漏掉 “be”（错误：There will have a meeting，正确：There will be a meeting）。 四、现在进行时用法表 此表格对应讲义 “考点四：现在进行时”，聚焦 “表当前正在动作” 的核心功能，梳理结构、标志词及现在分词变化，明确 “无进行时的动词类型”，是区分 “当前动作与经常性动作” 的关键。 项目 具体内容 示例 结构 肯定：主语 + am/is/are+v.-ing 否定：主语 + am/is/are not+v.-ing 疑问：Am/Is/Are + 主语 + v.-ing He is reading.（肯定）；He isn’t reading.（否定）；Is he reading?（疑问） 标志词 now, Look!, Listen!, right now, these days, Can you hear... Listen! She is singing. They are working hard these days. 用法 1. 表说话时正在进行的动作 2. 表当前一段时间内持续的动作 3. 无进行时的动词：感官动词（see, hear）、情感 / 心理动词（like, know, believe） 1. I am eating now. 2. We are learning English this month. 3. 错误：I am knowing it，正确：I know it 现在分词变化规则 1. 一般加 - ing（play→playing） 2. 不发音 e 结尾去 e 加 - ing（live→living） 3. 辅元辅结构双写尾字母加 - ing（put→putting） 4. ie 结尾变 i 加 - ing（die→dying） read→reading；write→writing；sit→sitting；lie→lying 注意事项： 1. 感官动词表 “正在听 / 看” 需用 “be+listening/seeing”，表 “能力” 用一般现在时（如 “Can you hear it?” 用一般现在时，不可说 “Are you hearing it?”）； 2. 现在分词的 “辅元辅双写” 需满足 “重读闭音节”（如 open→opening，非重读闭音节，无需双写）； 3. “these days” 表 “当前阶段”，即使动作不是 “此刻正在进行”，也可用现在进行时（如 “We are preparing for the exam these days”）。 五、过去进行时用法表 此表格对应讲义 “考点五：过去进行时”，明确 “表过去某时 / 段正在动作” 的功能，梳理 “when/while 从句” 的搭配规则，是区分 “过去瞬间动作与持续动作” 的核心考点。 项目 具体内容 示例 结构 肯定：主语 + was/were+v.-ing 否定：主语 + was/were not+v.-ing 疑问：Was/Were + 主语 + v.-ing She was dancing.（肯定）；She wasn’t dancing.（否定）；Was she dancing?（疑问） 标志词 at this time yesterday, at that time, at 8 last night, when/while 引导的从句 What were you doing at 8 last night? He was reading when I came. 用法 1. 表过去某一时刻或时间段正在进行的动作 2. when 从句（一般过去时）+ 主句（过去进行时）：表 “瞬间动作发生时，持续动作正在进行” 3. while 从句 / 主句（均为过去进行时）：表 “两个持续动作同时进行” 1. They were playing chess at this time yesterday. 2. When the rain came, he was walking.（when + 一过，主句 + 过进） 3. While she was cooking, I was cleaning.（while + 过进，主句 + 过进） 注意事项： 1. when 后可接一般过去时或过去进行时，while 后只能接过去进行时（错误：While he came，正确：When he came）； 2. 主语为单数时用 was，复数用 were（错误：He were reading，正确：He was reading）； 3. 描述 “过去同时进行的两个动作” 时，while 连接的句子需用过去进行时（如 “While I was listening to music, my sister was drawing”）。 六、现在完成时用法表 此表格对应讲义 “考点六：现在完成时”，聚焦 “过去动作对现在的影响”“动作延续到现在” 两大核心用法，梳理标志词、短暂性动词转换及 “have been to/gone to/in” 的区别，是中考时态难点。 项目 具体内容 示例 结构 肯定：主语 + have/has + 过去分词 否定：主语 + have/has not + 过去分词 疑问：Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词 I have finished.（肯定）；I haven’t finished.（否定）；Have I finished?（疑问） 标志词 already, yet, just, ever, before, since + 时间点 / 从句（一过）, for + 时段，in the past 5 years He has lived here for 10 years. We have known each other since 2018. 用法 1. 表过去动作对现在的影响（常与 already/yet/just 连用） 2. 表过去动作延续到现在（需用延续性动词，与 for/since 连用） 3. 短暂性动词转延续性动词：become→be, borrow→keep, buy→have, die→be dead 等 1. Have you eaten?（影响：现在不饿） 2. He has been ill for 3 days.（延续，ill 为延续性） 3. 错误：He has bought the book for 2 days，正确：He has had the book for 2 days 特殊用法 1. have been to：去过某地（已回） 2. have gone to：去了某地（未回） 3. have been in：在某地待了多久（延续） 1. I have been to Beijing.（已回） 2. He has gone to Beijing.（未回） 3. They have been in Beijing for 5 years.（延续） 注意事项： 1. 现在完成时不可与明确过去时状（yesterday, last week）连用（错误：I have finished yesterday，正确：I finished yesterday）； 2. “since + 从句” 中，从句需用一般过去时（错误：since I have lived here，正确：since I lived here）； 3. 询问 “多久” 用 how long，不可用 when（错误：When have you lived here?，正确：How long have you lived here?）。 一、单句语法填空:用所给单词的正确形式填空 1．（2025·江苏无锡·三模）He (complete) all the work on his own. Just wait and see! 【答案】will complete 【详解】句意：他将独自完成所有的工作。等着瞧吧！根据“Just wait and see!”可知，此处暗含现在所有的工作还未完成，应用一般将来时，应填will complete。故填will complete。 2．（2025·江苏无锡·三模）It (remain) unknown whether this idea can be put into practice. 【答案】remains 【详解】句意：这个想法能否付诸实践还不得而知。remain“仍然是”，是动词；句子描述客观事实，时态为一般现在时，主语是it，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填remains。 3．（2025·甘肃定西·模拟预测）The school is going to     (hold) a speech competition on how to recycle waste tomorrow. 【答案】hold 【详解】句意：学校明天将举办一个关于如何废物利用的演讲比赛。hold“举办”，动词。根据“be going to”可知，后接动词原形，此处应用动词原形hold。故填hold。 4．（2025·甘肃白银·三模）They (play) basketball when it suddenly began to rain. 【答案】were playing 【详解】句意：天突然下雨时，他们正在打篮球。根据“when it suddenly began to rain”可知，此处是when引导的时间状语从句，从句时态为一般过去时，主句应用过去进行时，表示“过去某一时刻正在发生的动作”，其构成为“was/were+现在分词”，主语是“They”，be动词用were。故填were playing。 5．（2025·云南昆明·二模）The students to organize a science competition yesterday. (decision) 【答案】decided 【详解】句意：昨天学生们决定组织一场科学竞赛。根据句子结构“The students...to organize”可知，横线处需填谓语动词，decision“决定”，名词，其动词形式为decide，根据“yesterday”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，decide的过去式为decided。故填decided。 6．（2025·上海闵行·三模）We are waiting anxiously to see who will in the end. (success) 【答案】succeed 【详解】句意：我们正焦急地等着看谁最终会成功。will后用动词原形，用动词succeed“成功”，故填succeed。 7．（2025·江苏无锡·二模）Wait a moment, please. I (do) the dishes. Can we talk about it later? 【答案】am doing 【详解】句意：请稍等。我正在洗碗。我们能稍后再谈这件事吗？ 根据“Wait a moment, please.”和“Can we talk about it later?”可知，这里强调此时此刻正在进行的动作，要用现在进行时（be + 动词现在分词）。主语I对应的be动词是am，do的现在分词是doing。故填am doing。 8．（2025·黑龙江牡丹江·一模）The physics teacher told us that water (freeze) below 0℃. 【答案】freezes 【详解】句意：物理老师告诉我们水在0℃以下会结冰。freeze“结冰”，动词。句子为宾语从句，从句描述的是客观规律，时态用一般现在时，主语water为不可数名词，freeze用三单形式。故填freezes。 9．（2024·江苏无锡·三模）—Have your friends completed their history project? —I’ve no idea. They (work) on it last night. 【答案】were working 【详解】句意：——你的朋友们完成他们的历史项目了吗？——我不知道。他们昨天晚上还在做呢。根据“I’ve no idea.”以及“They ... on it last night.”可知，说话者不知道项目是否完成，但知道昨晚那个时候他们还正在做，表示过去某个时间点或时间段正在进行的动作，要用过去进行时，其结构为“was/were+现在分词”。主语They是复数，所以be动词用were，work的现在分词是working。故填were working。 10．（2024·江苏无锡·模拟预测）You (not find) out the truth until the end of the novel. 【答案】won’t find 【详解】句意：直到小说结尾你才会发现真相。根据“(not find) out the truth until the end of the novel.”可知，本句为not...until...句型，表示“直到……才……”，主句动词发生在未来，需一般将来时，其结构为will do，其否定形式为won’t。故填won’t find。 11．（2025·甘肃定西·模拟预测）Products made in China have (be) popular at home and abroad over the past few years. 【答案】been 【详解】句意：过去几年，中国制造的产品在国内外一直很受欢迎。根据时间状语“over the past few years”可知，此处为现在完成时，其结构为“have/has +过去分词” ，“be”的过去分词是“been”。故填been。 12．（2025·甘肃定西·模拟预测）The story of Houyi Shoots the Suns has (be) popular with children in China for many years. 【答案】been 【详解】句意：后羿射日的故事在中国已经受孩子们欢迎很多年了。由“for many years”可知句子用现在完成时（has/have + 过去分词），be的过去分词为been。故填been。 13．（2025·辽宁营口·二模）Be quiet! Grandma (sleep). 【答案】is sleeping 【详解】句意：安静点！奶奶正在睡觉。根据“Be quiet!”可知句子应用现在进行时，主语为Grandma，be动词用is，sleep的现在分词为sleeping。故填is sleeping。 14．（2025·重庆渝中·一模）Unfortunately, she (break) a leg in a car accident and was sent to the hospital. 【答案】broke 【详解】句意：不幸的是，她在一场车祸中摔断了腿并被送往医院。根据“was sent”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，and连接两个并列谓语，此处应使用动词的过去式。“break”的过去式为“broke”，意为“打破，摔坏”。故填broke。 15．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）The fast development of China’s new energy cars (mean) a lot to the environment. 【答案】means 【详解】句意：中国新能源汽车的快速发展对环境意义重大。根据分析句子结构可知，空处缺谓语动词，mean“意味着”为动词，根据句意可知，陈述客观事实新能源汽车发展的持续影响，时态用一般现在时，主语为名词单数，谓语动词用三单形式。故填means。 二、语法选择 Passage 1 （2025·广东汕尾·模拟预测）As the cold season arrives, people in Beijing put on thick sweaters and warm jackets to stay warm. Interestingly, some large roadside trees are also “dressed” in colorful sweaters specially made for 1 ! In areas like Hongxing Hutong and Beijing Foreign Studies University, these trees look like they are having 2 special “winter fashion show”. The sweaters are 3 bright, cheerful colors, just like the dopamine-colored(多巴胺色的) clothes we see. They don’t just make the trees look fun, but also help them stay 4 in the cold. In winter, the trees in the city usually look bare (光秃秃的), and everything 5 a bit boring. But these sweaters help with that. They make the trees look so 6 and brighten up the streets. With their bright colors, the tree sweaters 7 popular among both citizens and tourists so far. Many people visit these places just 8 photos. For children, the sweaters provide a chance to have fun 9 play. For example, in Pinggu, kids happily touch the pictures on the sweaters and play around the decorated (装饰的) trees. Even though we can’t put 10 on every tree, this creative idea is really cool. It makes the city more interesting and brings people closer to their city. 1. A．they B．them C．their 2. A．a B．an C．the 3. A．in B．on C．at 4. A．warm B．warmth C．warmly 5. A．seemed B．seems C．to seem 6. A．lively B．livelier C．liveliest 7. A．is becoming B．become C．have become 8. A．to take B．took C．taking 9. A．but B．so C．and 10. A．sweater B．sweaters C．sweaters’ 【答案】 1. B 2. A 3. A 4. A 5. B 6. A 7. C 8. A 9. C 10. B 【导语】本文主要介绍了北京冬季为树木穿上彩色毛衣的创意现象，这些毛衣不仅美观还能帮助树木御寒，同时增添了城市活力。 1. 句意：一些大型路边树木也穿上了专门为它们制作的彩色毛衣。 they它们（主格）；them它们（宾格）；their它们的（所有格）。介词for后需接宾格，故选B。 2. 句意：这些树木仿佛正在举办一场特别的冬季时装秀。 a用于辅音音素开头的词；an用于元音音素开头的词；the特指。special以辅音音素开头，且此处为泛指，故选A。 3. 句意：毛衣采用明亮欢快的颜色。 in表示穿着或颜色；on表示表面；at表示时间/地点。描述衣物颜色固定用in，故选A。 4. 句意：帮助树木在寒冷中保持温暖。 warm温暖的（形容词）；warmth温暖（名词）；warmly温暖地（副词）。stay后需接形容词作表语，故选A。 5. 句意：城市里的树木通常光秃秃的，一切看起来都有点无聊。 seemed过去式；seems三单；to seem不定式。全文使用现在时态，主语为everything，故选B。 6. 句意：这些毛衣让树木看起来更活泼。 lively活泼的（原级）；livelier更活泼的（比较级）；liveliest最活泼的（最高级）。在so后用形容词原级，故选A。 7. 句意：这些树毛衣至今很受市民和游客欢迎。 is becoming正在变得（现在进行时）；become变得（原形）；have become已经变得（现在完成时）。so far提示用现在完成时，主语sweaters为复数，故选C。 8. 句意：许多人专程来这些地方拍照。 to take不定式；took过去式；taking现在分词。根据“visit these places just... photos”可知空处表示目的，to do可表示目的，故选A。 9. 句意：对孩子们来说，这些毛衣提供了玩耍和娱乐的机会。 but但是；so所以；and和。fun与play为并列关系，故选C。 10. 句意：虽然我们无法给每棵树都穿上毛衣。 sweater单数；sweaters复数；sweaters’所有格。put on后接复数名词表示类别，故选B。 Passage 2 （2025·陕西宝鸡·二模）What do you do with clothes you don’t want to wear anymore? You may donate them or give them to other people. What happens next? Where 1 ? It’s reported that 92 million tons of clothes end up in landfills (垃圾填埋场) every year. This means that every second a truck full of clothes 2 at a landfill. 3 , the beaches of Ghana, a country in West Africa, are among these places. Now, the beaches 4 covered with clothing waste. People from all over the world donate clothes to charity. However, charity shops only sell up to 20 percent of donated clothes. The unsold clothes 5 in large bags and travel to other countries to be sold again or for waste disposal (处理). The Kantamanto market in Ghana, is one of the world’s 6 secondhand clothing markets. Every week, 7 pieces of clothes arrive at Kantamanto. But only about 60 percent of them are sold there. The others usually leave the market as waste. Workers either burn the waste or put 8 underground. However, the country is near the sea. 9 there’s not enough space for landfills. This is why a lot of clothing waste ends up on the beach. As it goes into the sea, fish and other sea life are in 10 danger. Sea turtles can’t get to the land, and fish can’t grow because they may get caught in the clothes. 1. A．did these clothes end up B．these clothes ended up C．do these clothes end up D．these clothes end up 2. A．arrives B．arrive C．arrived D．have arrived 3. A．Sad B．Sadly C．Luck D．Luckily 4. A．am B．is C．are D．be 5. A．is put B．are put C．was put D．were put 6. A．smaller B．smallest C．larger D．largest 7. A．20 million B．20 millions C．20 million of D．20 millions of 8. A．it B．them C．him D．her 9. A．Though B．But C．Until D．So 10. A．a B．an C．/ D．the 【答案】 1. C 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. B 6. D 7. A 8. B 9. D 10. C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述废弃衣物的最终去向及其对环境的影响。 1. 句意：这些衣服最终去了哪里？ did these clothes end up一般过去时，可以构成特殊疑问句；these clothes ended up这些衣服最终，一般过去时，陈述句；do these clothes end up一般现在时，构成特殊疑问句；these clothes end up这些衣服最终，一般现在时，陈述句。根据“What happens next? Where...?”可知，此处需用一般现在时疑问句结构，问的是接下这些衣服最终去了哪里？故选C。 2. 句意：这意味着每秒都有一卡车衣物抵达填埋场。 arrives到达，一般现在时，动词三单；arrive到达，一般现在时，动词原形；arrived到达，一般过去时；have arrived已经到达，现在完成时。阅读全文可知，用一般现在时；句子主语“ a truck”为单数，动词用三胆形式。故选A。 3. 句意：可悲的是，西非国家加纳的海滩就是其中之一。 Sad悲伤的，形容词；Sadly可悲的是，副词；Luck幸运的，形容词；Luckily幸运的是，副词。根据“...the beaches of Ghana, a country in West Africa, are among these places”可知，此处表达负面情绪，“Sadly”意为“可悲地”，符合语境，且副词形式修饰整个句子。故选B。 4. 句意：如今，这些海滩被衣物垃圾覆盖。 am是，主语为I；is是，主语为单数；are是，主语为复数，be。主语“the beaches”为复数，应用“are”，与“covered”构成被动语态。故选C。 5. 句意：未售出的衣服被装进大袋子，运往其他国家再次出售或进行废物处理。 is put被放入，一般现在时的被动；are put被放入，一般现在时的被动；was put被放入，一般现在时的被动；were put被放入，一般过去时的被动。根据“The unsold clothes...in large bags”可知，未售出的衣物被装入大袋子，主语“clothes”为复数，且描述一般事实需用现在时被动语态。故选B。 6. 句意：加纳的Kantamanto市场是全球最大的二手服装市场之一。 smaller更小的，比较级；smallest最小的，最高级；larger更大的，比较级；largest最大的，最高级。根据“one of the world’s...secondhand clothing markets”可知，为“one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数”，意为“最……的……之一”，故选D。 7. 句意：每周有2000万件衣物抵达Kantamanto市场。 20 million两千万；20 millions表达错误；20 million of表达错误；20 millions of表达错误。根据数字表达规则，“20 million”后直接接名词复数，不加“of”。故选A。 8. 句意：工人们要么焚烧垃圾，要么将它们埋入地下。 it它；them它们，宾格；him他，宾格；her她，宾格。根据前文“the waste”指代复数衣物垃圾，需用复数代词。故选B。 9. 句意：因此，没有足够的空间用于垃圾填埋。 Though尽管；But但是；Until直到；So因此，所以。根据上下文“the country is near the sea”可知，这个国家靠近大海，所以没有足够的空间用于垃圾填埋。故选D。 10. 句意：当它流入大海时，鱼类和其他海洋生物就会受到威胁。 a一个，不定冠词；n一个，不定冠词；/零冠词；the定冠词，表示特指。“in danger”意为“处于危险中”，无需冠词。故选C。 Passage 3 （2025·广东清远·二模）请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将对应选项涂黑。 On August 15, 2024, China celebrated its second National Ecological Day (全国生态日). On that day, people across the country 1 in different activities to help protect our nature. It was a day to come together 2 make our country more beautiful. There are many things we can do on National Ecological Day to make 3 difference. One important thing is learning about nature and 4 we can take care of it. We can read books or watch videos 5 animals, plants, and the environment. By understanding more, we can make 6 choices to protect our planet. Cleaning up our neighborhood is also 7 we can do. We can pick up trash (垃圾). It keeps our environment clean and safe for 8 . Another important action is planting trees. We can 9 trees in our schools or parks. Even as kids, we have the power to help. We can recycle bottles and paper, and save water by 10 off the tap (水龙头) when we brush our teeth. These small actions help protect our planet. 1. A．join B．will join C．joined 2. A．or B．but C．and 3. A．a B．an C．the 4. A．what B．how C．why 5. A．about B．in C．from 6. A．good B．better C．best 7. A．anything B．nothing C．something 8. A．animal’s B．animal C．animals 9. A．plant B．plants C．planting 10. A．turn B．turning C．to turn 【答案】 1. C 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. A 6. B 7. C 8. C 9. A 10. B 【导语】本文介绍了中国在2024年8月15日庆祝第二个全国生态日的情况。 1. 句意：在那一天，全国各地的人们参加了不同的活动来帮助保护我们的自然。 join加入，一般现在时；will join将要加入，一般将来时；joined加入，一般过去时。根据“On that day,”可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，时态为一般过去时。故选C。 2. 句意：这是一个让我们团结起来，让我们的国家更加美丽的日子。 or或者；but但是；and和。分析句子可知，“come together”和“make our country more beautiful”之间是并列关系，因此用连词and。故选C。 3. 句意：在全国生态日，我们可以做很多事情来改变世界。 a一，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前，表泛指；an一，用于以元音音素开头的单词前，表泛指；the表特指。make a difference“产生影响”，是固定用法。故选A。 4. 句意：一件重要的事情是了解自然以及我们如何照顾它。 what什么；how如何；why为什么。根据“... we can take care of it”可知，此处指了解如何照顾自然。故选B。 5. 句意：我们可以阅读关于动物、植物和环境的书籍或观看视频。 about关于；in在……里面；from来自。根据“We can read books or watch videos... animals, plants, and the environment.”可知，此处阅读关于动物、植物和环境的书籍或观看视频。故选A。 6. 句意：通过了解更多，我们可以做出更好的选择来保护我们的地球。 good好的；better更好的；best最好的。根据“we can make... choices to protect our planet.”可知，此处指在比较了解前后做出的选择，所以用比较级better。故选B。 7. 句意：清理我们的社区也是我们可以做的事情。 anything任何事；nothing没有什么；something某事。根据“Cleaning up our neighborhood is also... we can do.”可知，此处指清理社区也是我们可以做的事情之一，所以这里用肯定意义的something。故选C。 8. 句意：它保持我们的环境清洁和安全，有利于动物生存。 animal’s动物的，名词所有格形式；animal动物，单数名词；animals动物，名词复数形式。根据“It keeps our environment clean and safe for...”可知，此处泛指动物，应用名词复数形式。故选C。 9. 句意：我们可以在我们的学校或公园种树。 plant种植，动词原形；plants种植，第三人称单数形式；planting种植，动词-ing形式。can是情态动词，后接动词原形。故选A。 10. 句意：我们可以回收瓶子和纸张，刷牙时关掉水龙头节约用水。这些小小的行动有助于保护我们的地球。 turn转动，动词原形；turning转动，动词-ing形式；to turn转动，动词不定式。by是介词，后接动词-ing形式。故选B。 三、语法填空 Passage 1 （2024·山东枣庄·中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 More and more people want to be away from city life by taking up farming. That’s why shared farms 1 (become) popular in recent years. The All-Happy City, a shared farm in Shanghai, is a perfect place. 2 shared farm is quite big. It 3 (build) by Chen Yougui in October, 2022. This farm has about 200 members. They can plant carrots, lettuce and other vegetables. Some of 4 (they) even raise chickens and ducks. 5 they aren’t at the farm during the weekdays, they can pay the workers for their service of taking care of their land. Chen runs the farm 6 the help of modern technology. There 7 (be) a system (系统) which allows the members to see their vegetables through their mobile phones. Besides, each animal comes with its own QR code (二维码), so the chickens and ducks raised by 8 (customer) won’t be lost. Chen says that many of his members are parents. They want 9 (teach) their kids how to farm, so their kids will learn 10 (much) about science and nature than other children. They can usually get close to nature and enjoy life in peace. 【答案】 1. have become 2. The 3. was built 4. them 5. When 6. with 7. is 8. customers 9. to teach 10. more 【导语】本文主要介绍上海的一个共享农场——All-Happy City。 1. 句意：这就是近年来共享农场变得流行的原因。根据“in recent years”可知，时态是现在完成时，主语是复数，助动词用have，故填have become。 2. 句意：共享农场相当大。此处特指这个共享农场，用定冠词The修饰，故填The。 3. 句意：它于2022年10月由陈友贵建造。本句主语是动作的承受者，时态是一般过去时，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是It，be动词用was。故填was built。 4. 句意：他们中的一些人甚至养鸡和鸭。Some of them...“他们中的一些”，用人称代词宾格，故填them。 5. 句意：当他们不在农场的时候，他们可以支付工人照看土地的费用。根据“...they aren’t at the farm during the weekdays, they can pay the workers for their service of taking care of their land.”可知，当他们不在农场时，雇工人照看，用When引导时间状语从句。故填When。 6. 句意：陈在现代技术的帮助下经营农场。with the help of...“在……的帮助下”，故填with。 7. 句意：有一个系统可以让会员通过手机看到他们的蔬菜。此处是There be句型，主语是“a system”，be动词用is，故填is。 8. 句意：此外，每只动物都有自己的二维码，所以顾客养的鸡鸭不会丢失。此处表示复数含义，使用名词复数形式，故填customers。 9. 句意：他们想教他们的孩子如何耕种，这样他们的孩子就会比其他孩子学到更多的科学和自然知识。want to do sth“想要做某事”，故填to teach。 10. 句意：他们想教他们的孩子如何耕种，这样他们的孩子就会比其他孩子学到更多的科学和自然知识。根据“than”可知，此处应使用much的比较级more，故填more。 Passage 2 （2024·吉林·中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Westwood National Park is a very huge national park. It is well-known 1 its fascinating scenes and many kinds of animals, especially bears. It is one of my favorite 2 (place) to take photos. I will never forget that afternoon. Birds flew over the 3 (peace) lake. The mountains 4 (cover) with white snow. With the camera held to my eye, I was recording the amazing picture. All of a sudden, I found two baby bears far away running after each other 5 (happy). Sometimes they stopped to look around; sometimes one rubbed (蹭) against the other’s back. They had a lot of fun playing in 6 sun. At that moment, I completely lost myself in the sweet environment. How I wished that time could stand still! I really hoped 7 (catch) the warm scene with my camera and I did it. After a while, I 8 (hear) a loud roar (吼叫) from the mother bear. The two baby bears stood up quickly 9 ran back to the forest. I was so lucky that I could take such a picture. The photo always reminds 10 (I) that the real beauty is “nature” in nature. 【答案】 1. for 2. places 3. peaceful 4. were covered 5. happily 6. the 7. to catch 8. heard 9. and 10. me 【导语】本文作者介绍自己在韦斯特伍德国家公园拍照的经历。 1. 句意：它以其迷人的景色和多种动物，尤其是熊而闻名。此处是be well-known for“以……而闻名”，故填for。 2. 句意：这是我最喜欢拍照的地方之一。one of后用名词复数形式，故填places。 3. 句意：鸟儿飞过宁静的湖面。此处用形容词作定语修饰lake，故填peaceful。 4. 句意：山上覆盖着皑皑白雪。本句主语是动作的承受者，时态是一般过去时，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数，故填were covered。 5. 句意：突然，我发现两个熊宝宝在远处快乐地追逐着对方。此处用副词修饰动词短语，故填happily。 6. 句意：它们在阳光下玩得很开心。in the sun“在阳光下”，固定短语，故填the。 7. 句意：我真的希望用我的相机捕捉到温暖的场景，我做到了。hope to do sth“希望做某事”，故填to catch。 8. 句意：过了一会儿，我听到熊妈妈的一声大吼。本句时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填heard。 9. 句意：两只熊宝宝迅速站起来，跑回森林。前后动作构成并列关系，用and连接，故填and。 10. 句意：这张照片总是提醒我，真正的美是大自然中的“自然”。此处在动词后作宾语，用宾格，故填me。 Passage 3 （2024·四川乐山·中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填写1个适当的单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式。 I can still remember my primary school homework on animals. I decided 1 (write) about the whale (鲸鱼). I have loved them from a young age. I’m not quite sure why I love them. It might be something about 2 (they) shape. They have a smooth shape, and their tails look like a heart. They also move so 3 (slow) and beautifully, like a tree dancing in the wind. This way, they seem very clever. So, of course, one of my best memories 4 (be) when I got to see a type of whale called the Southern Right Whale in Argentina. Watching them moving smoothly in the water, I felt 5 (happy) than ever. They were so beautiful! And I’m not the only one who loves whales. Different peoples across the world have a special place for whales in their 6 (heart). Take the Maori people in New Zealand as 7 example. Living by the ocean, they see whales as guardians (守护者) of the ocean and talk about them a lot in their 8 (tradition) stories. Why was I interested in whales like the Maori people? 9 they need our protection. That’s what my school homework was about— animals we need to protect. Whales play a big role 10 the ocean. So, protecting whales means protecting the whole ocean. 【答案】 1. to write 2. their 3. slowly 4. was 5. happier 6. hearts 7. an 8. traditional 9. Because 10. in 【导语】本文主要介绍了作者小学时写了关于鲸鱼的作业情况。 1. 句意：我决定写有关鲸鱼的事情。decide to do sth“决定做某事”，为固定短语。故填to write。 2. 句意：可能和它们的形状有关。空后是名词，应用形容词性物主代词their作定语。故填their。 3. 句意：它们移动得又慢又美，就像一棵树在风中翩翩起舞。空处修饰动词，应用副词。故填slowly。 4. 句意：所以，当然，我最美好的回忆之一是我在阿根廷看到了一种叫做南露脊鲸的鲸鱼。根据“got”可知，本句是一般过去时，one作主语，谓语动词用单数was。故填was。 5. 句意：看着它们在水里平稳地移动，我感到前所未有的快乐。根据“than”可知，此处应用比较级。故填happier。 6. 句意：世界上不同的民族在他们的心中对鲸鱼有着特殊的地位。根据“their”可知，名词应用复数。故填hearts。 7. 句意：以新西兰的毛利人为例。此处表示泛指，example以元音音素开头，应用an。故填an。 8. 句意：他们生活在海边，把鲸鱼视为海洋的守护者，在他们的传统故事中经常谈论鲸鱼。空处修饰名词stories，应用形容词traditional“传统的”。故填traditional。 9. 句意：因为它们需要我们的保护。根据前句“Why...”可知，应用because回答原因。故填Because。 10. 句意：鲸鱼在海洋中扮演着重要的角色。play a role in“扮演……角色”。故填in。 20 / 20 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $