2025-2026学年第一学期七年级英语期中复习之---句法（沪教版五四学制）

2025-2026学年第一学期七年级英语期中复习之---句法 Ⅰ: 请在括号中选出下列各句中划线部分的句子成分。 A. 主语 B. 谓语 C. 宾语 D. 宾语补足语 E. 表语 ( )1. We keep our classroom clean and tidy. ( )2. The man lived in the forest. ( )3. The idea sounds interesting. ( )4. I found it easy to learn English. ( )5. He bought his son a book. ( )6. He likes making models. ( )7. He saw a thief stealing some money. ( )8. The fish is still alive. ( )9. Learning is important. ( )10. He will find you a good job. Ⅱ: 请在括号中选出下列各句的句子类型。 A．主语+系动词+表语 SVP B．主语+谓语 SV C．主语+谓语+宾语SVO D．主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语SVOO E．主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语 SVOC ( )1. His new book sells well. ( )2. The leaves turn yellow in autumn. ( )3. Some students are playing football. ( )4. I found it easy to learn English. ( )5. My son bought me a birthday gift. ( )6. He practiced writing poems. ( )7. I noticed him walking into the shop. ( )8. The animals were in danger. ( )9. who will teach us English next term. ( )10. He gave us a hand. Ⅲ:状语从句 （so….that…, not…until） 1. She was so weak that she couldn’t take care of her baby.(保持句意不变) She was __________ weak __________ take care of her baby. 2. The bookshelf is so big that he can’t carry it. (保持句意不变) The box is _____ heavy ______ him ______ carry. 3. I was so lucky that I was in the right place at the right time. （保持句意基本不变） I was ________ __________to be in the right place at the right time. 4. My sister isn’t old enough to take care of herself. (保持句意基本不变） My sister is ________ ________ to take care of herself. 5. The solar panel was too heavy for people to move easily. The solar panel was ______ heavy _______ people __________ move it easily. （保持句意不变） 6. I went to bed after I finished all my home-work yesterday. (保持原句意思不变) I ________ go to bed ________ I finished all my homework yesterday. 7. Some students will realize the importance of study after they leave school. (保持句意不变) Some students ______ realize the importance of study _____ they leave school. 8. The firemen stopped working when all the workers were saved. (保持原句意思) The firemen ________ stop working ________ all the workers were saved. Ⅳ: 选出最佳答案： ( )1. ----Why not _______ John a toy car for his birthday? ----Good idea! He is crazy about cars. A. buy B. buying C. to buy D. buys ( )2. There ___________ a football match next Sunday. A. is going to have B. is going C. is going to be D. will have ( )3.—Do you know when he will come back tomorrow? --Sorry, I don’t know. When he ____ back, I’ll tell you. A. comes  B. will come   C. come   D. may come ( )4. The house is ________ small that we can’t hold the party in it. A.for B. too C. so D. enough ( )5. —Excuse me, ________ is the platform from here? —About eight minutes’ walk. A. how soon B. how often C. how long D. how far ( )6. As soon as I into the room, I knew something was wrong. A. stepped B. was stepping C. step D. would step ( )7. Can you tell me ________ Paul was late for that important meeting this morning? A. why B. what C. when D. where ( )8. The bus driver always says to us: “Don’t get off ______ the bus stops.” A) when B. while C. until D. if ( )9. A good friend always gives you a helping hand_________ you are in trouble. A. when B. before C. until D. though ( )10. ________ useful advice the editors gave us on the school newspaper! A. What B. What a C. What an D. How ( )11. They rushed to the hospital, ________ they were too late. A. but B. although C. or D. so ( )12. ______ he was reading, his sister was watching TV. A. Though B. While C. After D. Before ( )13.Jenny,put on your coat, _____you will catch a cold. A. but B. and C. or D.so ( )14. Jack explained this more clearly ______ I did. A. when B. unless C. than D. until ( )15. _____you_____ your brother can join us. We want one of you. 1. Both;and B.Neither;nor C.Either;or D.Not only;but also ( )16. Which does the sentence “Sad movies often make me unhappy” belong to? A．S+V+O B．S+V+P C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+O+C ( )17. Study hard, _____ you can pass the exam easily. A. if B. and C. or D. unless ( )18. Peter was late for the meeting _________ he missed the ferry. A. though B. because C. while D. if ( )19.—________ do you usually visit your grandparents? —My parents and I go to visit them every week. A. How far B. How long C. How fast D. How often ( )20. —The scene was very difficult to understand. We didn’t enjoy the film a bit. —________ A. Never mind! B. Neither did I. C. It’s a pleasure! D. Sure, me, too. Ⅴ: Rewrite the sentence as required. 1. She cut the bananas into pieces before making a banana milkshake.（改为一般疑问句） _______ she _______ the bananas into pieces before making a banana milkshake? 2. Both of my parents are workers.(改为否定句) of my parents a worker. 3. My family and I go back to our hometown every two years. (对划线部分提问) ________ _________ do you and your family go back to your hometown? 4. The song “California girls” is very popular among the students. (改为感叹句) ________ ________ the song “California girls” is among the students! 5. I go to the market to make sure everything fresh. (对划线部分提问) __________________________you go to the market? 6. Steven practised his speaking ability by joining the school’s speech club. (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ Steven practise his speaking ability? 7. Amy was so busy that she couldn’t go out to enjoy the beauty of the nature. (改为简单句) Amy was __________ busy to __________ out to enjoy the beauty of the nature. 8. We all know that many kids like sweet food better than salty food. (保持句意基本不变) We all know that many kids ________ sweet food ________ salty food. 9. Maggie taught her little daughter how she could behave well at table.（改为简单句） Maggie taught her little daughter __________ __________ behave well at table 10. They will have a test after they finish learning the whole unit. (保持句子原意) They ___________ have a test __________ they finish learning the whole unit. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年第一学期七年级英语期中复习之---句法 Ⅰ: 请在括号中选出下列各句中划线部分的句子成分。 A. 主语 B. 谓语 C. 宾语 D. 宾语补足语 E. 表语 ( D )1. We keep our classroom clean and tidy. ( B )2. The man lived in the forest. ( E )3. The idea sounds interesting. ( C )4. I found it easy to learn English. ( C )5. He bought his son a book. ( C )6. He likes making models. ( D )7. He saw a thief stealing some money. ( E )8. The fish is still alive. ( A )9. Learning is important. ( C )10. He will find you a good job. Ⅱ: 请在括号中选出下列各句的句子类型。 A．主语+系动词+表语 SVP B．主语+谓语 SV C．主语+谓语+宾语SVO D．主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语SVOO E．主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语 SVOC ( B )1. His new book sells well. ( A )2. The leaves turn yellow in autumn. ( C )3. Some students are playing football. ( E )4. I found it easy to learn English. ( D )5. My son bought me a birthday gift. ( C )6. He practiced writing poems. ( E )7. I noticed him walking into the shop. ( A )8. The animals were in danger. ( D )9. who will teach us English next term. (D )10. He gave us a hand. Ⅲ:状语从句 （so….that…, not…until） 1. She was so weak that she couldn’t take care of her baby.(保持句意不变) She was __________ weak __________ take care of her baby. 答案： too…to 解析：原句“so...that... couldn’t”结构表示“如此……以至于不能……”，可转换为“too...to...”结构，意为“太……而不能……”。 2. The bookshelf is so big that he can’t carry it. (保持句意不变) The box is _____ heavy ______ him ______ carry. 答案： too…for…to 解析：原句“so...that... can’t”结构可转换为“too...for someone to do”结构，表示“对某人来说太……而不能……”。 3. I was so lucky that I was in the right place at the right time. （保持句意基本不变） I was ________ __________to be in the right place at the right time. 答案： lucky enough 解析：原句“so lucky that...”结构可转换为“lucky enough to...”，表示“足够幸运去做……”。 4. My sister isn’t old enough to take care of herself. (保持句意基本不变） My sister is ________ ________ to take care of herself. 答案： too…young 解析：原句“not old enough”表示“不够年长”，可转换为“too young to...”，意为“太年轻而不能……”。 5. The solar panel was too heavy for people to move easily. The solar panel was ______ heavy _______ people __________ move it easily. （保持句意不变） 答案： so…that…couldn’t 解析：原句“too...for...to...”结构可转换为“so...that... couldn’t”结构，表示“如此……以至于不能……”。 6. I went to bed after I finished all my home-work yesterday. (保持原句意思不变) I ________ go to bed ________ I finished all my homework yesterday. 答案： didn’t…until 解析：原句“went to bed after...”表示“在……之后睡觉”，可转换为“not...until...”结构，意为“直到……才……”，注意主过从过的时态匹配。 7. Some students will realize the importance of study after they leave school. (保持句意不变) Some students ______ realize the importance of study _____ they leave school. 答案： won’t…until 解析：原句“will realize...after...”表示“在……之后才意识到”，可转换为“not...until...”结构，强调“直到……才……”，注意主将从现的时态匹配。 8. The firemen stopped working when all the workers were saved. (保持原句意思) The firemen ________ stop working ________ all the workers were saved. 答案： didn’t…until 解析：原句“stopped working when...”表示“当……时停止工作”，可转换为“not...until...”结构，意为“直到……才停止工作”。 注意主过从过的时态匹配。 Ⅳ: 选出最佳答案： ( )1. ----Why not _______ John a toy car for his birthday? ----Good idea! He is crazy about cars. A. buy B. buying C. to buy D. buys 答案：A. buy 详细解析： “Why not...?” 是一个常用的提建议句型，意思是“为什么不……呢？”。在这个句型中，后面必须直接跟动词原形。所以这里填 “buy”。其他选项：B. buying 是动名词或现在分词；C. to buy 是动词不定式；D. buys 是第三人称单数形式，均不符合该句型。 ( )2. There ___________ a football match next Sunday. A. is going to have B. is going C. is going to be D. will have 答案：C. is going to be 详细解析： 这句话表示“下周日将有一场足球赛”。表示“有”或“存在”时，应该使用 “There be” 句型。句子中有 “next Sunday”，所以要用将来时。 “There be” 句型的将来时有两种形式：There is going to be 或 There will be。选项A (is going to have) 和 D (will have) 都错误地使用了动词 “have” 来表示“有”，不符合 “There be” 句型。选项B (is going) 意思不完整。因此C是唯一正确的。 ( )3.—Do you know when he will come back tomorrow? --Sorry, I don’t know. When he ____ back, I’ll tell you. A. comes  B. will come   C. come   D. may come 答案：A. comes 详细解析： 在含有时间状语从句（由 when, as soon as, before, after 等引导）或条件状语从句（由 if, unless 等引导）的复合句中，如果主句使用了一般将来时（I’ll tell you），那么从句要用一般现在时来表示将来。所以这里 “When he comes back” 表示“当他回来的时候”，尽管动作发生在将来，但从句中用一般现在时 comes。 ( )4. The house is ________ small that we can’t hold the party in it. A.for B. too C. so D. enough 答案：C. so 详细解析： 这是一个固定句型：“so... that...”，意思是“如此……以至于……”。 “so” 后面接形容词或副词。本句中 “small” 是形容词，所以用 “so”。选项B “too...to...” 结构虽然也表示否定，但后面应接动词原形，即 “too small to hold”，而原句后半部分是 “that” 从句。选项D “enough” 需要放在形容词后面，即 “small enough”。 ( )5. —Excuse me, ________ is the platform from here? —About eight minutes’ walk. A. how soon B. how often C. how long D. how far 答案：D. how far 详细解析： 回答是“大约步行八分钟的路程”，这是在描述距离。询问距离用 “How far”。选项A “How soon” 问“还要多久”，通常用于将来时，回答用 “in + 一段时间”；选项B “How often” 问“频率”，回答如 “once a week”；选项C “How long” 问“时间长度”或“物体的长度”。 ( )6. As soon as I into the room, I knew something was wrong. A. stepped B. was stepping C. step D. would step 答案：A. stepped 详细解析： “As soon as” 表示“一……就……”，引导时间状语从句。主句的动词 “knew” 是过去时，所以从句的动词也要用过去时，以保持时态一致。因此用 “stepped”。这里描述的是过去发生的两个连续动作。 ( )7. Can you tell me ________ Paul was late for that important meeting this morning? A. why B. what C. when D. where 答案：A. why 详细解析： 这是一个宾语从句。从句部分 “Paul was late...” 意思完整，不缺主语或宾语。根据句意“你能告诉我保罗今天早上为什么迟到吗？”，这里询问的是原因，所以用连接副词 “why”。 ( )8. The bus driver always says to us: “Don’t get off ______ the bus stops.” A. when B. while C. until D. if 答案：C. until 详细解析： 这是一个固定句型：“not... until...”，意思是“直到……才……”。司机的意思是“直到车停了才能下车”。其他选项：A. when (当……时)，B. while (在……期间)，D. if (如果) 都不符合这里的逻辑。 ( )9. A good friend always gives you a helping hand_________ you are in trouble. A. when B. before C. until D. though 答案：A. when 详细解析： 句意是“好朋友总是在你处于困境时帮助你”。这里需要一个表示“当……时候”的连接词来引导时间状语从句。 “when” 最合适。B. before (在……之前)，C. until (直到)，D. though (虽然) 都不符合句意。 ( )10. ________ useful advice the editors gave us on the school newspaper! A. What B. What a C. What an D. How 答案：A. What 详细解析： 这是一个感叹句。感叹句的结构有两种：1) What + (a/an) + 形容词 + 名词 + 主语 + 谓语! 2) How + 形容词/副词 + 主语 + 谓语! 本句的中心词是名词 “advice”，且 “advice” 是不可数名词，前面不能加 “a/an”。所以用 “What” 来引导。 ( )11. They rushed to the hospital, ________ they were too late. A. but B. although C. or D. so 答案：A. but 详细解析： 前后两个分句在意思上是转折关系。“他们冲到医院” 和 “他们太晚了” 形成对比。所以用表示转折的连词 “but”。B. although (虽然) 也表示转折，但它引导的是从句，不能直接连接两个并列的简单句（前面通常不加逗号）。 ( )12. ______ he was reading, his sister was watching TV. A. Though B. While C. After D. Before 答案：B. While 详细解析： 句意是“当他在读书时，他的妹妹在看电视”。这里描述的是两个同时进行的动作。 “While” 常用于强调两个动作或状态在某一时间段内同时持续。A. Though (虽然) 表示让步，C. After (在……之后)，D. Before (在……之前) 都不符合句意。 ( )13.Jenny,put on your coat, _____you will catch a cold. A. but B. and C. or D.so 答案：C. or 详细解析： 句意是“Jenny，穿上你的外套，否则你会感冒的”。 “or” 在这里表示“否则，要不然”，用于连接一个命令或建议及其可能带来的负面结果。 ( )14. Jack explained this more clearly ______ I did. A. when B. unless C. than D. until 答案：C. than 详细解析： 句中有比较级 “more clearly”，所以后面必须用连词 “than” 来引出比较的对象 “I did”。 ( )15. _____you_____ your brother can join us. We want one of you. 1. Both;and B.Neither;nor C.Either;or D.Not only;but also 答案：C. Either; or 详细解析： 根据后半句“我们只需要你们中的一个”，可知前面需要表达“你或者你弟弟可以加入我们”。 “Either... or...” 意思是“要么……要么……”、“或者……或者……”，表示两者选其一。A. Both; and (两者都)，B. Neither; nor (两者都不)，D. Not only; but also (不仅……而且) 都不符合“只要一个”的语境。 ( )16. Which does the sentence “Sad movies often make me unhappy” belong to? A．S+V+O B．S+V+P C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+O+C 答案：D. S+V+O+C 详细解析：S (主语): Sad movies V (谓语动词): makeO (宾语): meC (宾语补足语): unhappy (形容词，补充说明宾语“me”的状态) 这个结构的意思是“主语使宾语变得……”，宾语和补语之间存在逻辑上的主系表关系（I am unhappy）。 ( )17. Study hard, _____ you can pass the exam easily. A. if B. and C. or D. unless 答案：B. and 详细解析： 这是一个“祈使句 + and + 陈述句”的固定结构。这个结构相当于一个条件句：“If you study hard, you can pass the exam easily.” (如果你努力学习，你就能轻松通过考试)。 “and” 在这里表示顺承关系。 “or” 则用于负面结果，如第13题。 ( )18. Peter was late for the meeting _________ he missed the ferry. A. though B. because C. while D. if 答案：B. because 详细解析： 前后句是明显的因果关系。“Peter开会迟到” 是结果，“他错过了渡轮” 是原因。所以用表示原因的连词 “because”。 ( )19.—________ do you usually visit your grandparents? —My parents and I go to visit them every week. A. How far B. How long C. How fast D. How often 答案：D. How often 详细解析： 回答是“every week”（每周），这是表示动作发生的频率。询问频率用 “How often”。 ( )20. —The scene was very difficult to understand. We didn’t enjoy the film a bit. —________ A. Never mind! B. Neither did I. C. It’s a pleasure! D. Sure, me, too. 答案：B. Neither did I. 详细解析： 第一个人说“我们一点也不喜欢这部电影”。第二个人想表达“我也不喜欢”。当前面句子表示否定意义（didn‘t enjoy），且主语是“我”时，要用 “Neither/Nor + 助动词/be动词/情态动词 + 主语” 的倒装结构来表示“我也不……”。因为前句的动词是 “didn’t”，所以这里用 “Neither did I.”。A. Never mind (没关系)，C. It's a pleasure (不客气) 和 D. Sure, me too (用于肯定句，如：-I like it. -Me too) 都不符合语境。 Ⅴ: Rewrite the sentence as required. 1. She cut the bananas into pieces before making a banana milkshake.（改为一般疑问句） _______ she _______ the bananas into pieces before making a banana milkshake? 答案：Did…cut 解析：原句为一般过去时，原句的谓语动词是 cut，这是一个一般过去时的句子（动词过去式与动词原形同形）。改为一般疑问句需用助动词 Did，谓语动词恢复原形 cut。 2. Both of my parents are workers. (改为否定句) of my parents a worker. 答案：Neither…is 解析：Both 表示“两者都”，其否定形式是 Neither，表示“两者都不”。结构从 Both of... 变为 Neither of...。Neither 在意义上虽然是“两个人”，但在语法上通常被视为单数，所以后面的谓语动词要用 is 而不是 are。表语 workers 也相应地变为单数 a worker。 3. My family and I go back to our hometown every two years. (对划线部分提问) ________ _________ do you and your family go back to your hometown? 答案：How often 解析：划线部分 every two years（每两年）表示动作发生的频率。对频率提问，使用疑问词组 How often（多久一次）。疑问词提前后，句子剩余部分要变成一般疑问句语序。原句是一般现在时，主语是 My family and I，所以疑问句中用助动词 do，并将主语改为 you and your family 以保持人称一致。对频率“every two years”提问，用 How often。 4. The song “California girls” is very popular among the students. (改为感叹句) ________ ________ the song “California girls” is among the students! 答案：How popular 解析：感叹句结构为 How + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语！解析：原句的核心是形容词 popular。对形容词进行感叹，使用 How + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语！ 的结构。所以，将 very popular 替换为 How popular， 5. I go to the market to make sure everything fresh. (对划线部分提问) __________________________you go to the market? 答案：Why do 解析：划线部分 to make sure everything fresh（为了确保一切新鲜）表示的是目的或原因。 对目的或原因提问，使用疑问词 Why（为什么）。 疑问词提前后，句子剩余部分变为一般疑问句语序。原句是一般现在时，主语是 I，所以在疑问句中，主语变为 you，助动词用 do。 6. Steven practised his speaking ability by joining the school’s speech club. (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ Steven practise his speaking ability? 答案：Why do 解析：划线部分 by joining the school's speech club（通过加入学校演讲俱乐部）表示的是方式或方法。对方式提问，使用疑问词 How（怎样，如何）。原句谓语动词 practised 是一般过去时，所以疑问句中需要借助助动词 did。did 提前后，谓语动词 practised 恢复原practise。 7. Amy was so busy that she couldn’t go out to enjoy the beauty of the nature. (改为简单句) Amy was __________ busy to __________ out to enjoy the beauty of the nature. 答案：too…go 解析：原句 so... that...（如此……以至于……）引导的是一个结果状语从句。 可以将其转换为一个简单句，使用 too... to...（太……而不能……）结构。 so busy that she couldn't go out 可以直接转换为 too busy to go out。to 后面接动词原形。 8. We all know that many kids like sweet food better than salty food. (保持句意基本不变) We all know that many kids ________ sweet food ________ salty food. 答案：prefer…to 解析：like A better than B 这个结构的意思是“喜欢A胜过喜欢B”，即“更喜欢A”。 在英语中，prefer A to B 是一个固定搭配，表达完全相同的意思。“更喜欢A而不是B”。 两者可以互换，且 prefer... to... 是更地道的表达。 9. Maggie taught her little daughter how she could behave well at table.（改为简单句） Maggie taught her little daughter __________ __________ behave well at table 答案：how to 解析：原句包含一个宾语从句 how she could behave...，其中主语是 she，谓语是 could behave。 当宾语从句的主语与主句的主语（her little daughter）一致，或者从句主语是泛指时，可以简化为“疑问词 (how, what, where 等) + 动词不定式” 结构。 将 how she could behave 简化为 how to behave，使句子更简洁。 10. They will have a test after they finish learning the whole unit. (保持句子原意) They ___________ have a test __________ they finish learning the whole unit. 答案：won’t…until 解析：原句意思是“他们将在学完整个单元之后进行测验”。这个意思可以转化为“他们直到学完整个单元才会进行测验”。not... until... 就是一个用来表达“直到……才……”的固定句型。 所以，将 will have 改为 won't have，并用 until 替换 after，句意保持不变。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $