Unit 6 Mountains and rivers（知识清单）英语新教材沪教版五四制七年级上册

该初中英语单元知识清单系统整合了“山川河流”主题内容，涵盖地理名词、动作行为动词、描述形容词等词汇，动词中心短语、名词中心短语等短语，以及地理位置描述、尺寸计量等实用句型，构建了从基础词汇到语法应用再到写作输出的递进式学习支架。 清单通过“词形变形+搭配+例句+易错提示”四维解析知识点，如标注locate需用被动be located，provide固定搭配需加with/for，培养学生语言能力和思维品质。设计“写作逻辑链”（点明地点-描述位置-描写风景-抒发感受）及配套素材包，配备分层练习题，助力不同水平学生高效掌握，教师可直接用于课堂教学与课后巩固，提升教学实效。

Unit 6 Mountains and rivers 主 题 场 景 分 类 词 汇 一、山川地理名词 1. ________ (n. 顶峰；山峰) The ________ of the mountain is covered with snow. 2. ________ (n. 山谷) A small river runs through the green ________. 3. ________ (n. 瀑布) This beautiful ________ draws lots of visitors. 4. ________ (n. 风景；景色) We enjoyed the wonderful mountain ________. 5. ________ (n. 向往之地；景点) Huangshan is a famous tourist ________. 二、动作行为类 1. ________ (v. 流动) The Yangtze River ________ east into the sea. 2. ________ (v. 位于；坐落于) The small town is ________ near a big lake. 3. ________ (v. 养育；滋养) Rivers ________ millions of living things. 4. ________ (v. 提供) Forests ________ homes for wild animals. 5. ________ (v. 呼吸) We can ________ fresh air in the mountains. 三、描述类形容词 1. ________ (adj. 巨大的) We saw a ________ mountain far away. 2. ________ (adj. 宽阔的) The river is very ________ at this place. 3. ________ (adj. 深的) This lake is very ________. 4. ________ (adj. 冻结的；冰封的) The river is ________ in cold winter. 5. ________ (adj. 自然的) We should protect our ________ environment. 短 语 一、动词中心短语 1. ________________（坐落于；位于）The village ________ ________ ________ a quiet valley. 2. ________________（流入）Many small rivers ________ ________ the big lake. 3. ________________（为某人提供某物）The river ________ local people ________ clean water. 4. ________________（长途漫步）People ________ ________ ________ in the mountain park. 5. ________________（呼吸新鲜空气）We can ________ ________ ________ among mountains. 二、名词中心短语 1. ________________（旅游景点）There are many ________ ________ along the river. 2. ________________（…… 的命脉）The Yellow River is ________ ________ ________ northern China. 三、介词短语 1. ________________（有共同之处）The two rivers ________ much ________ ________. 实 用 交 际 套 句 型 一、描述地理位置 1. …be located in…（…… 坐落于……）The town ________ ________ ________ a wide valley. 二、描述事物尺寸（计量表达） 2. 主语 + be + 数词 + 度量单位 + 形容词（…… 有…… 长 / 宽 / 高）The mountain is over 3000 ________ . 三、事物对比 3. A is not as…as B（A 不如 B……）This river is ________ ________ ________ the Yangtze River. 四、介绍作用价值 4. …provide…with…（…… 为…… 提供……）The lake ________ us ________ plenty of water. 五、表达感受 5. What do you think of…?（你认为…… 怎么样？） do you ________ ________ this natural landscape? 语法 1. 形容词同级比较：as…as 和…… 一样；not as/so…as 不如……，中间必须用________； 2. 度量表达：数词 +________+ 形容词 (high/long/wide/deep)； 3. 固定搭配：provide sb. with sth. = provide sth. ________ sb. 写作 话题：My favourite natural place（我最喜欢的自然之地） 文体：说明文；第一人称；一般现在时为主，60 词左右；描写地点位置、风景，写出个人感受 一、知识点精讲 1. peak /piːk/n. 顶峰，山峰 变形：________ (adj.) 有尖顶的 搭配：the ________ of the mountain 山顶 例句：The peak of the mountain is covered with thick snow.【这座山的山顶覆盖着厚厚的积雪。】 提示：peak 侧重山峰的顶端，不等于整座山 mountain。 2. valley /ˈvæli/n. 山谷 变形：________ (复数) 山谷 搭配：in the ________ 在山谷里 例句：A clear river runs through the valley.【一条清澈的小河流过山谷。】 3. waterfall /ˈwɔːtəfɔːl/n. 瀑布 变形：________ (复数) 瀑布 核心搭配：a beautiful waterfall 美丽的瀑布 例句：Lots of visitors come to see the great waterfall.【很多游客前来观赏壮观的瀑布。】 4. landscape /ˈlændskeɪp/n. 风景，山野景色 搭配：________ landscape 自然风光；mountain landscape 山野风光 例句：We enjoyed the wonderful mountain landscape.【我们欣赏了壮丽的山野风光。】 提示：侧重山川田野的户外风景，区别普通 scenery。 5. attraction /əˈtrækʃn/n. 景点；吸引人的事物 变形：________ (v.) 吸引；________(adj.) 有吸引力的 搭配：tourist ________ 旅游景点 例句：This mountain is a famous tourist attraction.【这座山是一处著名的旅游景点。】 6. flow /fləʊ/v. 流动 变形：过去式________；过去分词________ 搭配：flow ________流入；flow ________流过 例句：The Yangtze River flows east into the sea.【长江向东流入大海。】 提示：描述江河流动，不及物动词，后面不加宾语。 7. locate /ləʊˈkeɪt/v. 使坐落于；定位 变形：________ (n.) 位置，地点 搭配：________ ________ in 坐落于（⚠被动结构） 例句：The small village is located in a quiet valley.【这座小村庄坐落在一个安静的山谷中。】 ⚠易错：表达 “位于” 必须用 be located，不能直接写 the village locates…。 8. nurture /ˈnɜːtʃə(r)/v. 养育；滋养 词形变形：nurture n. 滋养，养育 搭配：nurture ________ 滋养生物 例句：Rivers nurture all kinds of plants and animals.【河流滋养各种各样的动植物。】 9. provide /prəˈvaɪd/v. 提供 变形：________(n.) 供给 搭配：provide sb ___ sth = provide sth ___ sb 为某人提供某物 例句：Forests provide animals with safe homes.【森林为动物提供安全的家园。】 ⚠易错：不能写 provide sb sth，必须用 with/for。 10. breathe /briːð/v. 呼吸 变形：________ (n.) 呼吸 搭配：breathe ________ air 呼吸新鲜空气；take a deep ________深呼吸 例句：We can breathe fresh air in the hills.【我们可以在山间呼吸新鲜空气。】 ⚠区分动词 breathe / 名词 breath。 11. huge /hjuːdʒ/adj. 巨大的 近义词辨析：huge（体积规模巨大）；big（普通大） 搭配：________ mountain 巨大的山；huge lake 巨大的湖泊 例句：We can see a huge waterfall far away.【我们远远可以看见一处巨大的瀑布。】 12. wide /waɪd/adj. 宽阔的 词形变形：width n. 宽度；widely adv. 广泛地 核心搭配：300 metres ________三百米宽；wide river 宽阔的河流 例句：This river is more than two hundred metres wide.【这条河有两百多米宽。】 13. deep /diːp/adj. 深的 词形变形：depth n. 深度；deeply adv. 深深地 核心搭配：50 metres deep 五十米深；deep lake 深邃的湖泊 例句：That mountain lake is very deep.【那座山间湖泊非常深。】 14. frozen /ˈfrəʊzn/adj. 冰封的，冻结的 词形变形：freeze v.(动词) 结冰；过去式 froze；过去分词 frozen 核心搭配：________ river 冰封的河流；frozen lake 冰封的湖泊 例句：The river becomes frozen in cold winter.【这条河在寒冷的冬天会变得冰封。】 15. natural /ˈnætʃrəl/adj. 自然的 词形变形：nature n. 大自然；naturally adv. 自然地 核心搭配：________ environment 自然环境；natural beauty 自然之美 例句：We must protect our natural world.【我们必须保护我们的自然世界。】 二、核心语法精讲 语法 1：形容词同级比较 as…as /not as/so…as 1. as + 形容词原级 + as：和…… 一样（两者程度相同） ✅The lake is as wide as that one. 这个湖和那个湖一样宽。 2. not as /so + 形容词原级 + as：不如……（一方程度不及另一方） ✅This river is not as long as the Yangtze River. 这条河不如长江长。 ⚠重要：中间必须放形容词原级，不能用比较级。 句式转换： A is not as long as B = B is longer than A 这条河不如长江长 = 长江比这条河长。 语法 2：度量表达（描述山川河湖的高 / 长 / 宽 / 深） 结构：数字 + 度量单位 (metres) + 形容词 (high /long/wide /deep) 注意：形容词放在单位后面！ 例句： The mountain is 2500 metres high. 这座山 2500 米高。 The river is 800 metres wide. 这条河 800 米宽。 ❌错误：2500metreshigh（这只能作定语，放名词前面） ✅定语形式（修饰名词）：a 2500metrehigh mountain 一座 2500 米高的山。 语法 3 provide 固定句型（高频考点） ✅ provide sb. with sth. 为某人提供某物 ✅ provide sth. for sb. 把某物提供给某人 ❌ provide sb sth（错误，不能省略介词） 例句： The river provides local people with water. = The river provides water for local people. 这条河给当地人提供水源。 三、单元写作清单 1. 话题分析 写作主题：My favourite natural place（我最喜欢的自然之地）；文体：说明文；第一人称；主要时态一般现在时；词数60 词左右。 写作要求：介绍一处你喜欢的自然地点，写清位置、风景特色，表达个人感受。 2、写作内容 介绍一处自然地点（山谷、湖泊、山川均可）；说明它的位置；描写风景；写出你的感受。 3、写作要点 ①点明最喜欢的自然地点； ②简单说明地理位置（可用 be located in）； ③描写风景特色（waterfall /valley/fresh air）； ④表达自己的感受。 4、写作思路提示 逻辑链：点明地点 → 描述位置 → 描写风景 → 抒发个人感受。 5. 写作素材 名词：valley, waterfall, peak, landscape, attraction 动词：flow, provide, breathe 形容词：wide, deep, natural, huge 短语：be located in；flow into；breathe fresh air 句型：…be located in…；A is not as…as B；What do you think of… 6. 范文背诵 My favourite natural place My favourite natural place is a quiet valley. It is located in the high mountains. There is a small waterfall and fresh air there. I love its beautiful landscape. It makes me feel relaxed. 译文：我最喜欢的自然之地 我最喜欢的自然之地是一处安静的山谷。 它坐落在高山之中。那里有小小的瀑布与新鲜的空气。我喜爱它美丽的风光。它让我感到放松。 1. be located in 表示 “位于”，必须用被动 be located，不能直接用 locate。 2. as…as /not as…as 中间只能放形容词原级，禁止比较级。 3. 度量表达：数字 + metres + 形容词（high/wide/deep）；作定语用连字符单数 metre：a 100metrewide river。 4. provide 固定搭配：provide sb with sth = provide sth for sb；不可以 provide sb sth。 5. 区分动词 breathe / 名词 breath；freeze（v. 结冰）frozen（adj. 冰封的）变形。 6. tourist attraction 景点，attraction 可数名词，复数 tourist attractions。 一、根据中文提示写单词（10×1=10 分） 1. The ________ (顶峰) of the mountain is covered with snow. 2. A river runs through the green ________ (山谷). 3. We visited a great ________ (瀑布) last summer. 4. We enjoyed the wonderful mountain ________ (风景). 5. This is a famous tourist ________ (景点). 6. Rivers ________ (流动) into the big sea. 7. The town is ________ (位于) near a lake. 8. Trees ________ (提供) us with fresh oxygen. 9. We can ________ (呼吸) fresh air in mountains. 10. We should protect our ________ (自然的) environment. 二、单项选择（10×1=10 分） ( )1. The village is located ____ a quiet valley. A. in B. for C. to D. of ( )2. This river is not as ____ as the Yangtze River. A. longer B. long C. longest D. the longest ( )3. The mountain is 3000 metres ____. A. high B. highly C. height D. higher ( )4. The lake provides local people ____ clean water. A. for B. to C. with D. of ( )5. Many small rivers flow ____ the big lake. A. into B. for C. with D. at ( )6. We can breathe ____ fresh air in the hills. A. a B. an C. the D. / ( )7. This river ____ in cold winter. A. freeze B. freezes C. frozen D. freezing ( )8. —What do you think ____ this natural landscape? A. for B. of C. with D. to ( )9. This is a ____ mountain. A. 2000metrehigh B.2000metreshigh C.2000 metre high D.2000 metres high ( )10. The valley is as ____ as that one. A. wider B. wide C. widest D. the widest 三、用括号内词适当形式填空（10×1=10 分） 1. This river is 200 metres ________ (wide). 2. Many ________ (valley) are among the high mountains. 3. The small town ________ (locate) in the green hills. 4. Rivers provide food for ________ (live) things. 5. We can take deep ________ (breathe) in the open air. 6. In winter, some rivers become ________ (freeze). 7. We enjoy many kinds of natural ________ (attract). 8. The Yangtze River ________ (flow) towards the east. 9. We should protect the ________ (nature) beauty around us. 10. This lake is not as ________ (deep) as that one. 四、完成句子（5×2=10 分） 1. 这座小村庄坐落在山谷里面。 The small village ________ ________ ________ the valley. 2. 这条河不如那条湖宽阔。 This river is ________ ________ ________ ________ that lake. 3. 这条河流为当地人提供干净的水。 The river ________ local people ________ clean water. 4. 许多小河流流入这片大湖泊。 Many small rivers ________ ________ the big lake. 5. 这座山有两千五百米高。 The mountain is 2500 ________ ________. 五、阅读理解 A river is a flowing, moving stream of water. Usually a river flows into an ocean, lake, pond, or even another river. Rivers can differ (不同) in size and there is no strict rule on how big a flow of water must be to be called as a river. Here are the five longest rivers in the world. The Nile The Nile is the longest in the world. It is about 6,670 kilometres long. It is located in the continent of Africa, mostly in the countries of Egypt and Sudan. It flows north into the Mediterranean Sea. The Amazon The Amazon is about 6,480 kilometres long. It is located in the continent of South America and flows through several countries including Brazil, Venezuela, Bolivia and Ecuador. It enters the Atlantic Ocean. The Yangtze River Located in China, the Yangtze River is over 6,300 kilometres long and flows into the East China Sea. The Mississippi and the Missouri The river system of the Mississippi and the Missouri is the longest river system in North America. The Mississippi is about 6,021 kilometres long and the Missouri is 4,126 kilometres. The Mississippi flows south into the Gulf of Mexico. The Yenisei The Yenisei River starts in Mongolia and flows through Russia to the Kara Sea in the Arctic Ocean. It’s about 5,539 kilometres long. There are 76 rivers in the world over 1,600 kilometres long. A lot of people think that rivers always flow south, but 4 of the l0 longest rivers in the world flow north. The United States alone has around 5 million kilometres of rivers. Four of the top 10 longest rivers flow through China at some point. 1．The Nile is about ________ kilometres longer than the Yangtze River. A．190 B．370 C．400 D．1,130 2．________ is the second longest river in the world. A．The Nile B．The Mississippi C．The Amazon D．The Yenisei 3．The Mississippi is located in ________. A．Africa B．South America C．North America D．Asia 4．The Yenisei River ends at ________. A．the Mediterranean Sea B．the Atlantic Ocean C．the Gulf of Mexico D．the Arctic Ocean 5．Which of the following is TRUE? A．The Amazon is the only river in America. B．The Mississippi flows into the Pacific Ocean. C．All rivers in the world flow south. D．There are around 5 million kilometres of rivers in America. 6．The last paragraph mainly talks about ________. A．fun facts about world rivers B．in which direction most rivers flow C．rivers over 1,600 kilometres long in the world D．four longest rivers flowing through China 六、单元写作 Write a passage of at least 60 words according to the given situation. (根据以下情 境写一篇不少于60个词的短文，标点符号不占格。) 在我们国家众多的河流中，长江具有举足轻重的地位。为了赞美长江，学校举 行了“长汇”的主题活动，现向全体同学征文。请同学们根据提示写一篇短文来介 绍长江。 提示： (1)长江是亚洲最长的河流，也是世界上第三长河，全长约6300千米； (2)长江发源于青海省，最后汇入太平洋； (3)长江里有各种各样的鱼。对中国来说长江非常重要； (4)我们应该保护长江，停止倾倒垃圾和排废水。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 6 Mountains and rivers 主 题 场 景 分 类 词 汇 一、山川地理名词 1. peak (n. 顶峰；山峰) The peak of the mountain is covered with snow.（这座山的山顶被积雪覆盖。） 2. valley (n. 山谷) A small river runs through the green valley.（一条小河穿过绿色的山谷。） 3. waterfall (n. 瀑布) This beautiful waterfall draws lots of visitors.（这条美丽的瀑布吸引许多游客。） 4. landscape (n. 风景；景色) We enjoyed the wonderful mountain landscape.（我们欣赏了壮丽的山野风光。） 5. attraction (n. 向往之地；景点) Huangshan is a famous tourist attraction.（黄山是一处著名旅游景点。） 二、动作行为类 1. flow (v. 流动) The Yangtze River flows east into the sea.（长江向东流入大海。） 2. locate (v. 位于；坐落于) The small town is located near a big lake.（这座小镇坐落于大湖旁边。） 3. nurture (v. 养育；滋养) Rivers nurture millions of living things.（河流滋养亿万生灵。） 4. provide (v. 提供) Forests provide homes for wild animals.（森林为野生动物提供家园。） 5. breathe (v. 呼吸) We can breathe fresh air in the mountains.（我们可以在山里呼吸新鲜空气。） 三、描述类形容词 1. huge (adj. 巨大的) We saw a huge mountain far away.（我们远远看见了一座巨大的山。） 2. wide (adj. 宽阔的) The river is very wide at this place.（这条河在这里十分宽阔。） 3. deep (adj. 深的) This lake is very deep.（这个湖泊很深。） 4. frozen (adj. 冻结的；冰封的) The river is frozen in cold winter.（这条河在寒冬会冰封。） 5. natural (adj. 自然的) We should protect our natural environment.（我们应当保护我们的自然环境。） 短 语 一、动词中心短语 1. be located in（坐落于；位于）The village is located in a quiet valley.（这个村庄坐落在安静的山谷中。） 2. flow into（流入）Many small rivers flow into the big lake.（许多小河流入这片大湖。） 3. provide sb. with sth.（为某人提供某物）The river provides local people with clean water.（这条河为当地人提供干净的水。） 4. take long walks（长途漫步）People take long walks in the mountain park.（人们在山地公园长途漫步。） 5. breathe fresh air（呼吸新鲜空气）We can breathe fresh air among mountains.（我们可以在群山之间呼吸新鲜空气。） 二、名词中心短语 1. tourist attractions（旅游景点）There are many tourist attractions along the river.（沿河有很多旅游景点。） 2. the lifeblood of（…… 的命脉）The Yellow River is the lifeblood of northern China.（黄河是中国北方的命脉。） 三、介词短语 1. have…in common（有共同之处）The two rivers have much in common.（这两条河流有许多共同之处。 实 用 交 际 套 句 型 一、描述地理位置 1. …be located in…（…… 坐落于……）The town is located in a wide valley.（这座小镇坐落于宽阔的山谷中。） 二、描述事物尺寸（计量表达） 2. 主语 + be + 数词 + 度量单位 + 形容词（…… 有…… 长 / 宽 / 高）The mountain is over 3000 metres high.（这座山有 3000 多米高。） 三、事物对比 3. A is not as…as B（A 不如 B……）This river is not as long as the Yangtze River.（这条河不如长江长。） 四、介绍作用价值 4. …provide…with…（…… 为…… 提供……）The lake provides us with plenty of water.（湖泊为我们提供大量水源。） 五、表达感受 5. What do you think of…?（你认为…… 怎么样？）What do you think of this natural landscape?（你觉得这片自然风光怎么样？） 语法 1. 形容词同级比较：as…as 和…… 一样；not as/so…as 不如……； 2. 度量表达：数词 + metres + 形容词 (high/long/wide/deep)； 3. 重点固定搭配：provide sb. with sth. = provide sth. for sb. 写作 话题：My favourite natural place（我最喜欢的自然之地） 文体：说明文；第一人称；一般现在时为主，60 词左右；描写地点位置、风景，写出个人感受 一、知识点精讲 1. peak /piːk/n. 顶峰，山峰 词形变形：peaked adj. 有尖顶的 核心搭配：the peak of the mountain 山顶；snowcovered peak 积雪的顶峰 例句：The peak of the mountain is covered with thick snow.【这座山的山顶覆盖着厚厚的积雪。】 提示：peak 侧重山峰的顶端，不等于整座山 mountain。 2. valley /ˈvæli/n. 山谷 词形变形：valleys n.(复数) 山谷 核心搭配：green valley 绿色山谷；in the valley 在山谷里 例句：A clear river runs through the valley.【一条清澈的小河流过山谷。】 3. waterfall /ˈwɔːtəfɔːl/n. 瀑布 词形变形：waterfalls n.(复数) 瀑布 核心搭配：a beautiful waterfall 美丽的瀑布 例句：Lots of visitors come to see the great waterfall.【很多游客前来观赏壮观的瀑布。】 4. landscape /ˈlændskeɪp/n. 风景，山野景色 核心搭配：natural landscape 自然风光；mountain landscape 山野风光 例句：We enjoyed the wonderful mountain landscape.【我们欣赏了壮丽的山野风光。】 提示：侧重山川田野的户外风景，区别普通 scenery。 5. attraction /əˈtrækʃn/n. 景点；吸引人的事物 词形变形：attract v. 吸引；attractive adj. 有吸引力的 核心搭配：tourist attraction 旅游景点；natural attraction 自然景观 例句：This mountain is a famous tourist attraction.【这座山是一处著名的旅游景点。】 6. flow /fləʊ/v. 流动 词形变形：过去式 flowed；过去分词 flowed 核心搭配：flow into 流入；flow through 流过 例句：The Yangtze River flows east into the sea.【长江向东流入大海。】 提示：描述江河流动，不及物动词，后面不加宾语。 7. locate /ləʊˈkeɪt/v. 使坐落于；定位 词形变形：location n. 位置，地点 核心搭配：be located in / on / at 坐落于（固定被动结构） 例句：The small village is located in a quiet valley.【这座小村庄坐落在一个安静的山谷中。】 ⚠易错：表达 “位于” 必须用 be located，不能直接写 the village locates…。 8. nurture /ˈnɜːtʃə(r)/v. 养育；滋养 词形变形：nurture n. 滋养，养育 核心搭配：nurture living things 滋养生物 例句：Rivers nurture all kinds of plants and animals.【河流滋养各种各样的动植物。】 9. provide /prəˈvaɪd/v. 提供 词形变形：provision n. 供给 核心搭配：✅provide sb. with sth = provide sth. for sb. 为某人提供某物 例句：Forests provide animals with safe homes.【森林为动物提供安全的家园。】 ⚠易错：不能写 provide sb sth，必须用 with/for。 10. breathe /briːð/v. 呼吸 词形变形：breath n.（名词）呼吸；breathy adj. 气息重的 核心搭配：breathe fresh air 呼吸新鲜空气；take a deep breath 深呼吸 例句：We can breathe fresh air in the hills.【我们可以在山间呼吸新鲜空气。】 ⚠区分动词 breathe / 名词 breath。 11. huge /hjuːdʒ/adj. 巨大的 近义词辨析：huge（体积规模巨大）；big（普通大） 核心搭配：huge mountain 巨大的山；huge lake 巨大的湖泊 例句：We can see a huge waterfall far away.【我们远远可以看见一处巨大的瀑布。】 12. wide /waɪd/adj. 宽阔的 词形变形：width n. 宽度；widely adv. 广泛地 核心搭配：300 metres wide 三百米宽；wide river 宽阔的河流 例句：This river is more than two hundred metres wide.【这条河有两百多米宽。】 13. deep /diːp/adj. 深的 词形变形：depth n. 深度；deeply adv. 深深地 核心搭配：50 metres deep 五十米深；deep lake 深邃的湖泊 例句：That mountain lake is very deep.【那座山间湖泊非常深。】 14. frozen /ˈfrəʊzn/adj. 冰封的，冻结的 词形变形：freeze v.(动词) 结冰；过去式 froze；过去分词 frozen 核心搭配：frozen river 冰封的河流；frozen lake 冰封的湖泊 例句：The river becomes frozen in cold winter.【这条河在寒冷的冬天会变得冰封。】 15. natural /ˈnætʃrəl/adj. 自然的 词形变形：nature n. 大自然；naturally adv. 自然地 核心搭配：natural environment 自然环境；natural beauty 自然之美 例句：We must protect our natural world.【我们必须保护我们的自然世界。】 二、核心语法精讲 语法 1：形容词同级比较 as…as /not as/so…as 1. as + 形容词原级 + as：和…… 一样（两者程度相同） ✅The lake is as wide as that one. 这个湖和那个湖一样宽。 2. not as /so + 形容词原级 + as：不如……（一方程度不及另一方） ✅This river is not as long as the Yangtze River. 这条河不如长江长。 ⚠重要：中间必须放形容词原级，不能用比较级。 句式转换： A is not as long as B = B is longer than A 这条河不如长江长 = 长江比这条河长。 语法 2：度量表达（描述山川河湖的高 / 长 / 宽 / 深） 结构：数字 + 度量单位 (metres) + 形容词 (high /long/wide /deep) 注意：形容词放在单位后面！ 例句： The mountain is 2500 metres high. 这座山 2500 米高。 The river is 800 metres wide. 这条河 800 米宽。 ❌错误：2500metreshigh（这只能作定语，放名词前面） ✅定语形式（修饰名词）：a 2500metrehigh mountain 一座 2500 米高的山。 语法 3 provide 固定句型（高频考点） ✅ provide sb. with sth. 为某人提供某物 ✅ provide sth. for sb. 把某物提供给某人 ❌ provide sb sth（错误，不能省略介词） 例句： The river provides local people with water. = The river provides water for local people. 这条河给当地人提供水源。 三、单元写作清单 1. 话题分析 写作主题：My favourite natural place（我最喜欢的自然之地）；文体：说明文；第一人称；主要时态一般现在时；词数60 词左右。 写作要求：介绍一处你喜欢的自然地点，写清位置、风景特色，表达个人感受。 2、写作内容 介绍一处自然地点（山谷、湖泊、山川均可）；说明它的位置；描写风景；写出你的感受。 3、写作要点 ①点明最喜欢的自然地点； ②简单说明地理位置（可用 be located in）； ③描写风景特色（waterfall /valley/fresh air）； ④表达自己的感受。 4、写作思路提示 逻辑链：点明地点 → 描述位置 → 描写风景 → 抒发个人感受。 5. 写作素材 名词：valley, waterfall, peak, landscape, attraction 动词：flow, provide, breathe 形容词：wide, deep, natural, huge 短语：be located in；flow into；breathe fresh air 句型：…be located in…；A is not as…as B；What do you think of… 6. 范文背诵 My favourite natural place My favourite natural place is a quiet valley. It is located in the high mountains. There is a small waterfall and fresh air there. I love its beautiful landscape. It makes me feel relaxed. 译文：我最喜欢的自然之地 我最喜欢的自然之地是一处安静的山谷。 它坐落在高山之中。那里有小小的瀑布与新鲜的空气。我喜爱它美丽的风光。它让我感到放松。 1. be located in 表示 “位于”，必须用被动 be located，不能直接用 locate。 2. as…as /not as…as 中间只能放形容词原级，禁止比较级。 3. 度量表达：数字 + metres + 形容词（high/wide/deep）；作定语用连字符单数 metre：a 100metrewide river。 4. provide 固定搭配：provide sb with sth = provide sth for sb；不可以 provide sb sth。 5. 区分动词 breathe / 名词 breath；freeze（v. 结冰）frozen（adj. 冰封的）变形。 6. tourist attraction 景点，attraction 可数名词，复数 tourist attractions。 一、根据中文提示写单词（10×1=10 分） 1. The ________ (顶峰) of the mountain is covered with snow. 2. A river runs through the green ________ (山谷). 3. We visited a great ________ (瀑布) last summer. 4. We enjoyed the wonderful mountain ________ (风景). 5. This is a famous tourist ________ (景点). 6. Rivers ________ (流动) into the big sea. 7. The town is ________ (位于) near a lake. 8. Trees ________ (提供) us with fresh oxygen. 9. We can ________ (呼吸) fresh air in mountains. 10. We should protect our ________ (自然的) environment. 答案： 1.peak 2.valley 3.waterfall 4.landscape 5.attraction 6.flow 7.located 8.provide 9.breathe 10.natural 解析： 1.peak n. 顶峰；the peak of the mountain 山顶。 2.valley n. 山谷；the green valley 绿色山谷。 3.waterfall n. 瀑布；a great waterfall 一处壮观瀑布。 4.landscape n. 山野风景，不可数。 5.attraction n. 景点；tourist attraction 旅游景点。 6.flow 主语 rivers 复数，一般现在时用原形 flow 流动。 7.located be located in 固定结构，位于。 8.provide 主语 trees 复数；provide sb with sth 固定搭配。 9.breathe 情态动词 can 后面接动词原形 breathe 呼吸。 10.natural adj. 自然的，修饰 environment。 二、单项选择（10×1=10 分） ( )1. The village is located ____ a quiet valley. A. in B. for C. to D. of ( )2. This river is not as ____ as the Yangtze River. A. longer B. long C. longest D. the longest ( )3. The mountain is 3000 metres ____. A. high B. highly C. height D. higher ( )4. The lake provides local people ____ clean water. A. for B. to C. with D. of ( )5. Many small rivers flow ____ the big lake. A. into B. for C. with D. at ( )6. We can breathe ____ fresh air in the hills. A. a B. an C. the D. / ( )7. This river ____ in cold winter. A. freeze B. freezes C. frozen D. freezing ( )8. —What do you think ____ this natural landscape? A. for B. of C. with D. to ( )9. This is a ____ mountain. A. 2000metrehigh B.2000metreshigh C.2000 metre high D.2000 metres high ( )10. The valley is as ____ as that one. A. wider B. wide C. widest D. the widest 答案：15 ABACA 610 DBBAB 解析： 1.【答案】A 【详解】 句意：这座村庄坐落于一处幽静的山谷之中。 考查介词固定搭配。be located in 为固定短语，表示 “坐落于……”，后接地点；for、to、of 均不能和 be located 构成该含义。故选 A。 2.【答案】B 【详解】 句意：这条河不如长江长。 考查原级比较。not as…as 是原级比较结构，中间必须放入形容词或者副词原级。long 为原级；longer 是比较级，longest、the longest 为最高级，均不符合结构要求。故选 B。 3.【答案】A 【详解】 句意：这座山有 3000 米高。 考查度量表达。“数词 + metres + 形容词” 为描述高度的固定句型，此处用形容词 high；highly 副词，height 名词，higher 比较级，都不符合该句式。故选 A。 4.【答案】C 【详解】 句意：这个湖泊为当地居民提供干净的水源。 考查固定搭配。provide sb. with sth. 意为 “为某人提供某物”；provide sth. for sb. 表示 “把某物提供给某人”，本句宾语是人在前，用 with。to、of 不能构成该短语。故选 C。 5.【答案】A 【详解】 句意：许多小河流流入这个大湖。 考查动词短语。flow into 为固定搭配，表示 “流入”；for 表目的，with 表伴随，at 接小地点，均不符合河水汇入湖泊的语境。故选 A。 6.【答案】D 【详解】 句意：我们可以在山上呼吸新鲜空气。 考查冠词。air 表示 “空气” 时属于不可数名词，表示泛指时使用零冠词，不需要 a/an/the 修饰。故选 D。 7.【答案】B 【详解】 句意：这条河在寒冷的冬天会结冰。 考查一般现在时主谓一致。主语 this river 是第三人称单数，一般现在时谓语动词使用三单形式 freezes；freeze 动词原形；frozen 形容词 / 过去分词；freezing 现在分词，不能单独作谓语。故选 B。 8.【答案】B 【详解】 句意：—— 你觉得这处自然景观怎么样？ 考查固定句型。What do you think of…? 是固定交际句型，用来询问对人或事物的看法，意为 “你认为…… 怎么样”；for、with、to 均不能构成该句型。故选 B。 9.【答案】A 【详解】 句意：这是一座 2000 米高的山。 考查复合形容词。作定语修饰名词时，要用 “数词名词单数形容词” 带连字符的复合形容词，metre 必须使用单数形式；B、C、D 格式均错误。故选 A。 10.【答案】B 【详解】 句意：这个山谷和那个山谷一样宽。 考查原级比较。as…as 为原级比较结构，中间要用形容词或者副词原级。wide 为原级；wider 比较级，widest、the widest 最高级，均不符合语法结构。故选 B。 三、用括号内词适当形式填空（10×1=10 分） 1. This river is 200 metres ________ (wide). 2. Many ________ (valley) are among the high mountains. 3. The small town ________ (locate) in the green hills. 4. Rivers provide food for ________ (live) things. 5. We can take deep ________ (breathe) in the open air. 6. In winter, some rivers become ________ (freeze). 7. We enjoy many kinds of natural ________ (attract). 8. The Yangtze River ________ (flow) towards the east. 9. We should protect the ________ (nature) beauty around us. 10. This lake is not as ________ (deep) as that one. 答案： 1.wide 【解析】度量表达，metres 后接形容词原级 wide。 2.valleys 【解析】many 后接可数名词复数 valleys 山谷。 3.is located 【解析】be located in 固定被动结构，主语 town 单数。 4.living 【解析】living things 生物，固定短语。 5.breaths 【解析】take deep breaths 深呼吸，名词 breath 复数。 6.frozen 【解析】become 系动词后面接形容词 frozen 冰封的。 7.attractions 【解析】many kinds of 后接名词复数 attractions 景点。 8.flows 【解析】主语 the Yangtze River 三单，一般现在时 flows。 9.natural 【解析】形容词 natural 修饰名词 beauty。 10.deep 【解析】not as…as 中间使用形容词原级 deep。 四、完成句子（5×2=10 分） 1. 这座小村庄坐落在山谷里面。 The small village ________ ________ ________ the valley. 2. 这条河不如那条湖宽阔。 This river is ________ ________ ________ ________ that lake. 3. 这条河流为当地人提供干净的水。 The river ________ local people ________ clean water. 4. 许多小河流流入这片大湖泊。 Many small rivers ________ ________ the big lake. 5. 这座山有两千五百米高。 The mountain is 2500 ________ ________. 答案： shtu located in 【解析】be located in 坐落于，主语 village 单数。 2.not as wide as 【解析】not as + 原级 + as，同级比较否定。 3.provides; with 【解析】provide sb with sth，主语 river 三单。 4.flow into 【解析】flow into 流入；主语 rivers 复数，动词原形。 5.metres high 【解析】度量表达：数字 + metres + 形容词 high。 五、阅读理解 A river is a flowing, moving stream of water. Usually a river flows into an ocean, lake, pond, or even another river. Rivers can differ (不同) in size and there is no strict rule on how big a flow of water must be to be called as a river. Here are the five longest rivers in the world. The Nile The Nile is the longest in the world. It is about 6,670 kilometres long. It is located in the continent of Africa, mostly in the countries of Egypt and Sudan. It flows north into the Mediterranean Sea. The Amazon The Amazon is about 6,480 kilometres long. It is located in the continent of South America and flows through several countries including Brazil, Venezuela, Bolivia and Ecuador. It enters the Atlantic Ocean. The Yangtze River Located in China, the Yangtze River is over 6,300 kilometres long and flows into the East China Sea. The Mississippi and the Missouri The river system of the Mississippi and the Missouri is the longest river system in North America. The Mississippi is about 6,021 kilometres long and the Missouri is 4,126 kilometres. The Mississippi flows south into the Gulf of Mexico. The Yenisei The Yenisei River starts in Mongolia and flows through Russia to the Kara Sea in the Arctic Ocean. It’s about 5,539 kilometres long. There are 76 rivers in the world over 1,600 kilometres long. A lot of people think that rivers always flow south, but 4 of the l0 longest rivers in the world flow north. The United States alone has around 5 million kilometres of rivers. Four of the top 10 longest rivers flow through China at some point. 1．The Nile is about ________ kilometres longer than the Yangtze River. A．190 B．370 C．400 D．1,130 2．________ is the second longest river in the world. A．The Nile B．The Mississippi C．The Amazon D．The Yenisei 3．The Mississippi is located in ________. A．Africa B．South America C．North America D．Asia 4．The Yenisei River ends at ________. A．the Mediterranean Sea B．the Atlantic Ocean C．the Gulf of Mexico D．the Arctic Ocean 5．Which of the following is TRUE? A．The Amazon is the only river in America. B．The Mississippi flows into the Pacific Ocean. C．All rivers in the world flow south. D．There are around 5 million kilometres of rivers in America. 6．The last paragraph mainly talks about ________. A．fun facts about world rivers B．in which direction most rivers flow C．rivers over 1,600 kilometres long in the world D．four longest rivers flowing through China 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．D 5．D 6．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了世界上最长的五条河流。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据“The Nile is the longest in the world. It is about 6,670 kilometres long.”以及“the Yangtze River is over 6,300 kilometres long”可知，尼罗河6670公里，长江6300公里，所以尼罗河比长江长6670-6300=370公里。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“ The Amazon is about 6,480 kilometres long.”可知，亚马孙河长约6480公里，仅次于尼罗河。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“The river system of the Mississippi and the Missouri is the longest river system in North America.”可知，密西西比河位于北美洲。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“The Yenisei River starts in Mongolia and flows through Russia to the Kara Sea in the Arctic Ocean.”可知，叶尼塞河发源于蒙古，流经俄罗斯，流入北冰洋的喀拉海。故选D。 5．细节理解题。根据“The United States alone has around 5 million kilometres of rivers.”可知，美国有大约500万公里的河流。故选D。 6．主旨大意题。通读最后一段可知，本段是关于世界河流的有趣事实。故选A。 六、单元写作 Write a passage of at least 60 words according to the given situation. (根据以下情 境写一篇不少于60个词的短文，标点符号不占格。) 在我们国家众多的河流中，长江具有举足轻重的地位。为了赞美长江，学校举 行了“长汇”的主题活动，现向全体同学征文。请同学们根据提示写一篇短文来介 绍长江。 提示： (1)长江是亚洲最长的河流，也是世界上第三长河，全长约6300千米； (2)长江发源于青海省，最后汇入太平洋； (3)长江里有各种各样的鱼。对中国来说长江非常重要； (4)我们应该保护长江，停止倾倒垃圾和排废水。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: The Yangtze River The Yangtze River is the longest river in Asia and it’s also the third longest river in the world. It is about 6,300 kilometres long. It starts from Qinghai Province and goes into the Pacific Ocean. There are many kinds of fishes in the river and some of them are endangered species. People love the Yangtze River, but it has been polluted. We should try to protect it as it is very important for China. We should stop putting rubbish and pouring waste water into it. I hope it will become more and more beautiful. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏要点，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，表明写作意图。直接点明长江在中国以及世界举足轻重的地位； 第二步，具体阐述写作内容。从“长度、起源地、鱼类生物以及保护长江”等具体介绍长江； 第三步，书写书面结语。表达希望长江越来越好的愿望。 [亮点词汇] ① starts from起源于 ②endangered species濒危物种 [高分句型] ①The Yangtze River is the longest river in Asia and it’s also the third longest river in the world.（形容词最高级的应用） ②We should try to protect it as it is very important for China.（as引导的原因状语从句） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $