内容正文:
Unit 4 Fun in the Sun!
人称代词宾格和现在进行时
目录
A 考点概览·知识回顾 1
B 考点夯基·专项突破 4
一、单词拼写 4
二、完成句子 7
三、单项选择 10
C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 14
题型一 语法选择 14
题型二 语法填空 14
(1) 人称代词宾格
(一)人称代词宾格
概述:人称代词有主格和宾格之分,主格常在句中作主语;宾格常在句中作宾语、表语、同位语等。人称代词宾格常用于动词和介词之后。
代词的形式变化表
人称
数
主格
宾格
第一人称
单数
I
me
复数
we
us
第二人称
单数
you
you
复数
you
you
第三人称
单数
he
him
she
her
it
it
复数
they
them
人称代词主宾格,作用不同莫误用。主格动词前作主,动词介词后宾格。
you和it主宾同,其他主宾务分清。人称代词并列现,尊重他人礼让先。
单数人称二三一,复数人称一二三。若把错误来承担,第一人称我靠前。
人称代词的用法:
(1)通常主格作主语(在句首,动词前)。
► He likes swimming. 他喜欢游泳。
(2)宾格作宾语(在动词或介词后)或作表语(在be动词后)。
► Can you understand me? 你能理解我吗?(作宾语)
► —Who is knocking at the door? 谁在敲门?
—It’s me. 是我。(作表语)
(3)人称代词在than之后与其他人或事物进行比较时,用主格和宾格都可以。
► Sam is much taller than I/me. 山姆比我高得多。
(4)单独使用的人称代词通常用宾格,即使它代表主语时也是如此。
► —I like travelling. 我喜欢旅游。
—Me too. 我也喜欢。
(5)人称代词并列时的排列顺序。
①人称代词单数并列作主语时,其顺序为:第二人称→第三人称→第一人称,即you, he/she/it and I(若是承担错误责任,第一人称应当先)。
► It was I and John that made her angry. 是我和约翰使她生气了。
②复数人称代词作主语时,其顺序为:第一人称→第二人称→第三人称,即we, you and they。
(二)现在进行时
一、现在进行时的定义
现在进行时主要用于表示目前正在进行的动作,有时也可表示现阶段在进行的动作。
The teacher is giving us an English lesson. 老师正在给我们上英语课。
The farmers are getting in their crops. 农民们正在收割庄稼。
二、现在进行时的构成
现在进行时由"be+现在分词(v-ing)"构成。be应为助动词,一定不要漏掉!它应与主语的人称和数保持一致,即:I am/he/she/it 包括单数名词和不可数名词用is,you/we/they 包括复数名词用are。
1. 现在分词变化规则如下:
a. 动词后直接+- ing(例:sleep+-ing→sleeping)
b. 去掉不发音的e+-ing(例:bite-e+-ing→biting)
c. 重读闭音节,且末尾只有1个辅音字母,双写辅音字母+-ing(例:sitting,beginning,getting,putting,running,stopping,cutting)
d. 特殊变化:die→dying,lie→lying,tie→tying
2. 句式构成如下:
肯定句式:主语+be(am,is,are)+现在分词+其他。
They are having an English class. 他们在上英语课。
否定句式:主语+be(am,is,are)+not +现在分词+其他。
They aren’t having an English class. 他们不在上英语课。
一般疑问句:Be(am,is,are)+主语+现在分词+其他?
Are they having an English class? 他们在上英语课吗?
特殊疑问句:疑问词+be(am,is,are)+主语+现在分词+其他?
What are you doing now? 你现在在做什么?
助动词变化口诀:变疑问,往前提,句后问号莫丢弃;变否定,更容易,be后not 莫忘记。
三、现在进行时的应用
A表示现在( 指说话人说话时)正在发生的事情。
We are waiting for you.
B. 习惯进行:表示长期的或重复性的动作,说话时动作未必正在进行。
Mr. Green is writing another novel.(说话时并未在写,只处于写作的状态。)
She is learning piano under Mr. Smith.
C. 已经确定或安排好的将来活动。
I’m leaving for a trek in Nepal next week.(已经安排了)
We’re flying to Paris tomorrow.(票已经拿到了)
在实际运用时,现在进行时常用以下几种情况:
(1)当句子中有now时,常表示动作正在进行,这时要用现在进行时。
They are playing basketball now. 现在他们正在打篮球。
(2)以look,listen开头的句子,提示我们动作正进行,这时要用现在进行时。
Listen! She is singing an English song. 听,她正在唱英语歌。
(3)表示当前一段时间或现阶段正在进行的动作,且此时有this week,these days等时间状语,这时常用现在进行时。
We are making model planes these days. 这些天我们在做飞机模型。
(4)描述图片中的人物的动作,也为了表达更生动。此时也常用现在进行时。
Look at the picture. The children are flying kites in the park. 看这幅图,那些孩子正在公园放风筝。
四、现在进行时与一般现在时的区别
(1) 现在进行时强调目前正在进行的动作,而一般现在时强调经常性或习惯性的动作。如:
I’m reading a story now. 我在看一个故事。(目前正在干的事情)
I read stories in my spare time. 我有空时看故事。(经常性的行为)
(2) 现在进行时强调现阶段一直在进行的动作,而一般现在时只表动作的重复,而不表示动作的持续。
What are you doing these days? 这几天你在干什么?
They are learning English in the summer holiday. 他们暑假在学英语。
They read English every day. 他们每天读英语。
They play volleyball every Sunday. 他们每周星期天都打排球。
(3) 表示短促动作的动词(如 jump, knock, beat, pick, skip等)的进行时,表示动作的重复。
The girls are jumping over there. 女孩子们在那边跳。
His heart is beating fast. 他的心脏跳得很快。
(5) 某些表示希望或想法的动词(如hope, wonder, want等)的进行时可以表示委婉客气。
I’m wondering whether you can help us now. 我不知道你现在能否给我们帮一个忙。
I’m hoping that you will succeed. 我正在希望你成功呢。
四类动词不用进行时
英语中有四类动词一般不用进行时(不用现在进行时和过去进行时)
1. 表心理状态、情感的动词,如love, hate, like, care, respect, please, prefer, know等,若用进行时则词义改变。
2. 表存在、状态的动词,如appear, exist, lie, remain, stand, seem等
3. 表感觉的动词,如see, hear, feel, smell, sound, taste等
4. 表一时性的动词,如accept, allow, admit, decide, end, refuse, permit, promise等。
五、现在进行时的特殊用法
1. 现在进行时表暂时
现在进行时可用来表示不会长期发生的动作或情况,或被认为在短期内正在进行的动作或存在的状况。
—What’s your daughter doing these days? 你女儿现在在干什么?
—She’s studying English at Durham University. 她在达勒姆大学学习英语。
这种情况不一定在说话时发生:
Don’t take that ladder away. Your father’s using it .
别把梯子拿走,你父亲在用呢。(即不一定现在在用。)
She’s at her best when she’s making big decisions. 当做出最大决定时,她处于最佳状态。
暂时发生的事情也可以是在说话时正在进行着:
The river is flowing very fast after last night’s rain. 昨夜下过雨后,河水流速很快。
现在进行时也用来表示当前的动向:
People are becoming less tolerant of smoking these days. 如今人们对吸烟较为难以忍受了。
2. 现在进行时表将来
意为:意图、打算、安排、常用于人。常用词为come, go, start, arrive, leave, stay等。
I’m leaving tomorrow.
Are you staying here till next week?
现在进行时巧记口诀
look, listen是标志,现在进行正发生;
有时now在句中现,"be+v-ing"时态成。
若问be用何形式,须看主语数、人称。
he/she is, I am,we, you, they后are紧跟。
v-ing形式更好记,三种构成要分清。
一般问句be提前,be后加not否定成!
一、单词拼写
1.There are eight ducks in front of the house. Two of (they) are yellow and white.
2.I’m your new teacher, Tina Brown. You can call (I) Ms Brown.
3.You need (keep) your face and hands clean.
4.Xiao Ya is good at (play) Chinese yo-yo.
5.Reading history helps (we) keep smart.
6.Look! There are so many people (walk) in the park to exercise.
7.On clear (sun) days, the parks are always full of people.
8.Listen! Nancy (sing) an English song now.
9.In a forest, it is often . (rain)
10.Please be quiet. He (read) a book now.
11.Hurry up, Tom! Your mother (wait) for you at the school gate.
12.Fasten your seat belt. Our plane (land) soon.
13.I love painting because it makes me (feel) happy.
14.I want to give her my best (wish).
15.The boy (draw) a picture now.
二、完成句子
1.Tom想保持他的房间整洁。
Tom wants to his room .
2.我的同桌很友好。他经常在英语上帮助我。
My deskmate is very friendly. He always my English.
3.Jason正在期待尽快收到你的来信。
Jason hearing from you soon.
4.苏阳比我小了20分钟。
Su Yang is 20 minutes than .
5.我们使用木头做桌子。
We wood to tables.
6.我的朋友们想让我和他们一起去动物园。
My friends with them.
7.减少使用塑料袋和纸张也很重要。
also important fewer plastic bags and less paper.
8.我姐姐给妈妈一个惊喜。
My sister to our mom.
9.这些天你是在照顾猫吗?
Are you the cat these days?
19.洋葱象征着好运与健康。
Onions are .
11.I am still taking a further degree.
我仍在考虑是否攻读更高的学位。
12.看!它们正在四处移动。
Look! They are .
13.他们正在寻找什么?
What are they ?
14.很多学生在图书馆认真学习, 因为我们正为考试做准备。
Many students are working hard in the library, because we the tests.
15.锻炼前热身很重要。
before exercise.
三、单项选择
1.Why are you looking at ________ like that?
A.I B.mine C.my D.me
2.Our school basketball team will win the next match ________ they practice more.
A.if B.before C.when D.because
3.The teacher is very happy ______ her students all have a good time in her classes.
A.before B.or C.but D.because
4.—______ do you like the cat?
—Because it’s very cute.
A.Who B.What C.How D.Why
5.Mrs Liu teaches English. We like class very much.
A.me;his B.me;her C.my;his D.my;her
6.My brother usually ________ his room after school. But now he ________ football.
A.cleans; plays B.cleaning; playing
C.cleans; is playing D.cleans; playing
7.The students ________ an English class now.
A.have B.had C.are having D.will have
8.—________ do you go to school every day?
—On foot. It’s near my home.
A.When B.Why C.How D.Where
9.—What is Tom doing in the classroom?
—He __________.
A.draws B.draw C.is drawing D.are drawing
10.Listen! Jim __________ English in the room.
A.is reading B.reads C.read D.to read
11.Are you __________ your clothes?
A.wash B.washed C.washing D.to wash
12.Mr. Wang teaches ________ English. We all like ________.
A.our; him B.us; him C.us; her D.our; her
13.We can go to Julie and Karen’s room to play computer games with ________.
A.they B.them C.she D.her
14.We came out of the classroom after ________.
A.he B.him C.his D.she
15.We work in groups and ________ turns to clean our classroom.
A.take B.make C.give D.find
16.—Meimei, what color do you like best?
—________, the color of our national flag. It is the color of China.
A.Blue B.Yellow C.Red D.White
17.—What do you draw in the art club?
—Pets, trees, flowers, buildings... ________
A.That’s a good idea! B.I’d love to. C.You name it! D.Oh, I see.
18.—_____ does your brother play basketball?
—He usually plays basketball after school.
A.How B.Where C.What time D.When
19.—Amy, can I use your tablet?
—I’m afraid you can’t. I _______ on it.
A.work B.don’t work C.am working D.am not working
20.—Is Daniel playing computer games?
—_________. He is chatting with his classmates online.
A.Yes, he does B.No, he doesn’t C.Yes, he is D.No, he isn’t
题型一 语法选择
Students can have more fun when it is time for the breaks between classes.
Xiao Jingshang is 1 student from Beijing Shangdi Experimental School. When it was the time for the breaks between classes, 2 had to run to the toilet and then come back to class very soon. He had 53 time to be with his friends.
But now things 4 different. “I can have more time to have a break and share 5 things with my classmates,” said the 14-year-old boy. From this fall semester (秋季学期) on, 6 at primary and middle schools in Beijing have longer breaks, from 10 to 15 minutes. They can 7 with friends for more time outside.
Many schools have places for reading, playing the piano and even playing with animals. “We have some ducks and rabbits in our school, ” said Zhang Boren, a 13-year-old girl from Beijing 101 Middle School. “Look at my picture! It’s a picture of our school. We are doing exercise on the playground. And the ducks 8 around! Getting closer to nature is relaxing. And teachers are 9 duty between classes. We can see them around us. 10 lucky we are! ”
The longer breaks between classes are surely popular.
1.A.a B.an C.the
2.A.he B.him C.his
3.A.a little B.little C.few
4.A.am B.is C.are
5.A.interest B.interested C.interesting
6.A.student B.students C.students’
7.A.talk B.talking C.talked
8.A.knocks B.will knock C.are knocking
9.A.at B.on C.with
10.A.How B.What C.What a
题型二 语法填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词(介词、冠词、连词、代词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
It’s December. It’s 1 (snow) and the weather is really cold in the north of China. You can see many children 2 (play) with snow. Some of them are building snowmen. Some 3 (skate) on the lake, because it’s so cold that the water in the lake freezes (结冰). It 4 (be) a white world. How beautiful! But in Australia now, the weather is hot. Many people go 5 (swim) in the sea. They 6 (have) a good time, Jim and his friends are playing soccer near the sea. The sunny weather is very hot to them, but it is great 7 (enjoy) the sun. They want 8 (swim) after playing soccer. Why 9 they 9 (swim) in December? That is winter, isn’t it? Yes, it is in China. But it isn’t in Australia. That’s because China and Australia 10 (have) different seasons (季节) in a year.
1 / 12
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$
Unit 4 Fun in the Sun!
人称代词宾格和现在进行时
目录
A 考点概览·知识回顾 1
B 考点夯基·专项突破 4
一、单词拼写 4
二、完成句子 7
三、单项选择 10
C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 14
题型一 语法选择 14
题型二 语法填空 14
(1) 人称代词宾格
(一)人称代词宾格
概述:人称代词有主格和宾格之分,主格常在句中作主语;宾格常在句中作宾语、表语、同位语等。人称代词宾格常用于动词和介词之后。
代词的形式变化表
人称
数
主格
宾格
第一人称
单数
I
me
复数
we
us
第二人称
单数
you
you
复数
you
you
第三人称
单数
he
him
she
her
it
it
复数
they
them
人称代词主宾格,作用不同莫误用。主格动词前作主,动词介词后宾格。
you和it主宾同,其他主宾务分清。人称代词并列现,尊重他人礼让先。
单数人称二三一,复数人称一二三。若把错误来承担,第一人称我靠前。
人称代词的用法:
(1)通常主格作主语(在句首,动词前)。
► He likes swimming. 他喜欢游泳。
(2)宾格作宾语(在动词或介词后)或作表语(在be动词后)。
► Can you understand me? 你能理解我吗?(作宾语)
► —Who is knocking at the door? 谁在敲门?
—It’s me. 是我。(作表语)
(3)人称代词在than之后与其他人或事物进行比较时,用主格和宾格都可以。
► Sam is much taller than I/me. 山姆比我高得多。
(4)单独使用的人称代词通常用宾格,即使它代表主语时也是如此。
► —I like travelling. 我喜欢旅游。
—Me too. 我也喜欢。
(5)人称代词并列时的排列顺序。
①人称代词单数并列作主语时,其顺序为:第二人称→第三人称→第一人称,即you, he/she/it and I(若是承担错误责任,第一人称应当先)。
► It was I and John that made her angry. 是我和约翰使她生气了。
②复数人称代词作主语时,其顺序为:第一人称→第二人称→第三人称,即we, you and they。
(二)现在进行时
一、现在进行时的定义
现在进行时主要用于表示目前正在进行的动作,有时也可表示现阶段在进行的动作。
The teacher is giving us an English lesson. 老师正在给我们上英语课。
The farmers are getting in their crops. 农民们正在收割庄稼。
二、现在进行时的构成
现在进行时由"be+现在分词(v-ing)"构成。be应为助动词,一定不要漏掉!它应与主语的人称和数保持一致,即:I am/he/she/it 包括单数名词和不可数名词用is,you/we/they 包括复数名词用are。
1. 现在分词变化规则如下:
a. 动词后直接+- ing(例:sleep+-ing→sleeping)
b. 去掉不发音的e+-ing(例:bite-e+-ing→biting)
c. 重读闭音节,且末尾只有1个辅音字母,双写辅音字母+-ing(例:sitting,beginning,getting,putting,running,stopping,cutting)
d. 特殊变化:die→dying,lie→lying,tie→tying
2. 句式构成如下:
肯定句式:主语+be(am,is,are)+现在分词+其他。
They are having an English class. 他们在上英语课。
否定句式:主语+be(am,is,are)+not +现在分词+其他。
They aren’t having an English class. 他们不在上英语课。
一般疑问句:Be(am,is,are)+主语+现在分词+其他?
Are they having an English class? 他们在上英语课吗?
特殊疑问句:疑问词+be(am,is,are)+主语+现在分词+其他?
What are you doing now? 你现在在做什么?
助动词变化口诀:变疑问,往前提,句后问号莫丢弃;变否定,更容易,be后not 莫忘记。
三、现在进行时的应用
A表示现在( 指说话人说话时)正在发生的事情。
We are waiting for you.
B. 习惯进行:表示长期的或重复性的动作,说话时动作未必正在进行。
Mr. Green is writing another novel.(说话时并未在写,只处于写作的状态。)
She is learning piano under Mr. Smith.
C. 已经确定或安排好的将来活动。
I’m leaving for a trek in Nepal next week.(已经安排了)
We’re flying to Paris tomorrow.(票已经拿到了)
在实际运用时,现在进行时常用以下几种情况:
(1)当句子中有now时,常表示动作正在进行,这时要用现在进行时。
They are playing basketball now. 现在他们正在打篮球。
(2)以look,listen开头的句子,提示我们动作正进行,这时要用现在进行时。
Listen! She is singing an English song. 听,她正在唱英语歌。
(3)表示当前一段时间或现阶段正在进行的动作,且此时有this week,these days等时间状语,这时常用现在进行时。
We are making model planes these days. 这些天我们在做飞机模型。
(4)描述图片中的人物的动作,也为了表达更生动。此时也常用现在进行时。
Look at the picture. The children are flying kites in the park. 看这幅图,那些孩子正在公园放风筝。
四、现在进行时与一般现在时的区别
(1) 现在进行时强调目前正在进行的动作,而一般现在时强调经常性或习惯性的动作。如:
I’m reading a story now. 我在看一个故事。(目前正在干的事情)
I read stories in my spare time. 我有空时看故事。(经常性的行为)
(2) 现在进行时强调现阶段一直在进行的动作,而一般现在时只表动作的重复,而不表示动作的持续。
What are you doing these days? 这几天你在干什么?
They are learning English in the summer holiday. 他们暑假在学英语。
They read English every day. 他们每天读英语。
They play volleyball every Sunday. 他们每周星期天都打排球。
(3) 表示短促动作的动词(如 jump, knock, beat, pick, skip等)的进行时,表示动作的重复。
The girls are jumping over there. 女孩子们在那边跳。
His heart is beating fast. 他的心脏跳得很快。
(5) 某些表示希望或想法的动词(如hope, wonder, want等)的进行时可以表示委婉客气。
I’m wondering whether you can help us now. 我不知道你现在能否给我们帮一个忙。
I’m hoping that you will succeed. 我正在希望你成功呢。
四类动词不用进行时
英语中有四类动词一般不用进行时(不用现在进行时和过去进行时)
1. 表心理状态、情感的动词,如love, hate, like, care, respect, please, prefer, know等,若用进行时则词义改变。
2. 表存在、状态的动词,如appear, exist, lie, remain, stand, seem等
3. 表感觉的动词,如see, hear, feel, smell, sound, taste等
4. 表一时性的动词,如accept, allow, admit, decide, end, refuse, permit, promise等。
五、现在进行时的特殊用法
1. 现在进行时表暂时
现在进行时可用来表示不会长期发生的动作或情况,或被认为在短期内正在进行的动作或存在的状况。
—What’s your daughter doing these days? 你女儿现在在干什么?
—She’s studying English at Durham University. 她在达勒姆大学学习英语。
这种情况不一定在说话时发生:
Don’t take that ladder away. Your father’s using it .
别把梯子拿走,你父亲在用呢。(即不一定现在在用。)
She’s at her best when she’s making big decisions. 当做出最大决定时,她处于最佳状态。
暂时发生的事情也可以是在说话时正在进行着:
The river is flowing very fast after last night’s rain. 昨夜下过雨后,河水流速很快。
现在进行时也用来表示当前的动向:
People are becoming less tolerant of smoking these days. 如今人们对吸烟较为难以忍受了。
2. 现在进行时表将来
意为:意图、打算、安排、常用于人。常用词为come, go, start, arrive, leave, stay等。
I’m leaving tomorrow.
Are you staying here till next week?
现在进行时巧记口诀
look, listen是标志,现在进行正发生;
有时now在句中现,"be+v-ing"时态成。
若问be用何形式,须看主语数、人称。
he/she is, I am,we, you, they后are紧跟。
v-ing形式更好记,三种构成要分清。
一般问句be提前,be后加not否定成!
一、单词拼写
1.There are eight ducks in front of the house. Two of (they) are yellow and white.
【答案】them
【详解】句意:房子前面有八只鸭子。其中两只是黄白相间的。they为人称代词主格,此处位于介词of后面,应该改为宾格形式them“它们”。故填them。
2.I’m your new teacher, Tina Brown. You can call (I) Ms Brown.
【答案】me
【详解】句意:我是你们的新老师,蒂娜·布朗。你们可以叫我布朗老师。I“我”,是人称代词主格,此处作动词call的宾语,应用宾格形式。I的宾格是me。故填me。
3.You need (keep) your face and hands clean.
【答案】to keep
【详解】句意:你需要保持你的脸和手清洁。keep“保持”,是动词;need to do sth. “需要做某事”,是固定用法。故填to keep。
4.Xiao Ya is good at (play) Chinese yo-yo.
【答案】playing
【详解】句意:小雅擅长玩中国悠悠球。根据“is good at”可知,此处使用动名词作宾语,be good at doing sth.“擅长做某事”;play“玩”,其动名词为playing。故填playing。
5.Reading history helps (we) keep smart.
【答案】us
【详解】句意:阅读历史有助于我们保持聪慧。句中“helps”是及物动词,其后需要接宾语来构成help sb. (to) do sth.“帮助某人做某事”结构 (不定式符号to可省略),因此这里应用人称代词主格we的宾格形式us。故填us。
6.Look! There are so many people (walk) in the park to exercise.
【答案】walking
【详解】句意:看!有如此多的人在公园散步锻炼。根据“Look!”以及所给单词可知,应填walk的现在分词形式walking,作定语,修饰前面的名词people。there be sb doing sth“有某人正在做某事”故填walking。
7.On clear (sun) days, the parks are always full of people.
【答案】sunny
【详解】句意:在晴朗的日子里,公园里总是挤满了人。根据“On clear...days”以及所给单词可知,此处需要一个形容词来修饰名词“days”,“sun”是名词,意为“太阳”,其形容词形式是“sunny”,表示“晴朗的”。故填sunny。
8.Listen! Nancy (sing) an English song now.
【答案】is singing
【详解】句意:听!南希现在正在唱一首英文歌。根据“Listen!”以及“now”可知,此处指现在正在进行的动作,句子时态为现在进行时,主语为“Nancy”,用is singing。故填is singing。
9.In a forest, it is often . (rain)
【答案】rainy
【详解】句意:森林里经常下雨。根据“it is often”可知,此处应用rain的形容词rainy作表语,表示天气状况。故填rainy。
10.Please be quiet. He (read) a book now.
【答案】is reading
【详解】句意:请保持安静。他正在看书。根据时间状语“now”可知,需用现在进行时be+动词ing。主语是he,be动词用is。故填is reading。
11.Hurry up, Tom! Your mother (wait) for you at the school gate.
【答案】is waiting
【详解】句意:快点,汤姆!你妈妈在校门口等你。根据“Hurry up, Tom!”可知,此处指汤姆的妈妈正在等他,所以要快点;句子应用现在进行时,其结构为be doing,主语是Your mother,be动词用is,后跟wait的现在分词waiting。故填is waiting。
12.Fasten your seat belt. Our plane (land) soon.
【答案】is landing
【详解】句意:系好安全带。我们飞机马上就要着陆了。根据“soon”可知,动作即将发生,用现在进行时表将来,主语“Our plane”是第三人称单数,be动词用“is”,“land”的现在分词是“landing”。故填is landing。
13.I love painting because it makes me (feel) happy.
【答案】feel
【详解】句意:我喜欢画画,因为它让我感到快乐。make sb. do sth.“使某人做某事”。故填feel。
14.I want to give her my best (wish).
【答案】wishes
【详解】句意:我想向她致以最美好的祝愿。wish“祝愿,祝福”,可数名词,此处使用名词复数形式表示泛指,best wishes“最美好的祝愿”。故填wishes。
15.The boy (draw) a picture now.
【答案】 is drawing
【详解】句意:这个男孩现在正在画一幅画。draw“画画”。根据“now”可知,句子时态为现在进行时,句子谓语动词应用be doing的结构,根据“The boy”可知,be动词应用is,draw的现在分词形式时drawing。故填is;drawing。
二、完成句子
1.Tom想保持他的房间整洁。
Tom wants to his room .
【答案】 keep tidy
【详解】根据中英文提示可知,缺少“保持”和“整洁”,want to do sth“想要做某事”,后接动词原形,“保持”用动词keep;“keep+宾语+形容词”表示“使某物保持某种状态”,“整洁”用形容词tidy,符合语境。故填keep;tidy。
2.我的同桌很友好。他经常在英语上帮助我。
My deskmate is very friendly. He always my English.
【答案】helps me with
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,此处缺“在……上帮助我”,“在某事上帮助某人”help sb. with sth.,help后接人称代词宾格me表示“我”。此处用一般现在时,主语“He”后接第三人称单数形式helps。故填helps me with。
3.Jason正在期待尽快收到你的来信。
Jason hearing from you soon.
【答案】 is looking forward to
【详解】“期待做某事” 常用短语 “look forward to doing sth.”,这里 “hearing from you” 是 “收到你的来信”。句子是现在进行时态,表示 “正在”,结构是 “be + 动词现在分词”,主语是Jason,be动词用is。故填is;looking;forward;to。
4.苏阳比我小了20分钟。
Su Yang is 20 minutes than .
【答案】 younger me
【详解】根据中英文提示可知,此处使用younger than“比……小/年轻”;“我”在than后作宾语,需用人称代词宾格me。故填younger;me。
5.我们使用木头做桌子。
We wood to tables.
【答案】 use make
【详解】use … to do sth“用……做某事”。时态为一般现在时,主语为We,谓语动词use“使用”用原形;make表示“做,制作”。故填use;make。
6.我的朋友们想让我和他们一起去动物园。
My friends with them.
【答案】want me to go to the zoo
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,此句为一般现在时,此处需要用“want sb. to do sth.”,表示“想让某人做某事”,主语“My friends”为复数,因此want用原形;want后用宾格“me”,to后跟动词原形;go to the zoo“去动物园”,为固定用法。故填want me to go to the zoo。
7.减少使用塑料袋和纸张也很重要。
also important fewer plastic bags and less paper.
【答案】 It is to use
【详解】对比中英文可知,it is important to do sth,表示“做某事是重要的”。use“使用”。故填It;is;to;use。
8.我姐姐给妈妈一个惊喜。
My sister to our mom.
【答案】gives a surprise
【详解】根据中文对照可知,空缺部分是“给……一个惊喜”,give a surprise“给……一个惊喜”,又根据句意可知,此处在陈述事实,所以时态为一般现在时,主语是My sister,所以此处谓语动词give要用第三人称单数形式gives。故填gives a surprise。
9.这些天你是在照顾猫吗?
Are you the cat these days?
【答案】 taking care of
【详解】“照顾”take care of,根据“Are you...”可知,该句时态为现在进行时,结构为“be+现在分词”,take的现在分词是taking。故填taking;care;of。
19.洋葱象征着好运与健康。
Onions are .
【答案】a symbol of good luck and health
【详解】对照中英文可知,缺少“象征着好运与健康”。“象征……”用be a symbol of;“好运”用good luck,不可数;“与”用and,连词,表并列关系;“健康”用health,不可数名词。故填a symbol of good luck and health。
11.I am still taking a further degree.
我仍在考虑是否攻读更高的学位。
【答案】 thinking about
【详解】根据中文提示,此处需使用短语think about“考虑”,根据“I am”可知这句话的时态为现在进行时,结构为“be doing”,故填thinking;about。
12.看!它们正在四处移动。
Look! They are .
【答案】 moving around
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,move around“四处移动”;由“Look!”可知动作正在进行,应用现在进行时be doing。故填moving;around。
13.他们正在寻找什么?
What are they ?
【答案】 looking for
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,空处缺“寻找”的英文look for,固定短语。根据句意及“are”可知,本句时态为现在进行时,故动词用现在分词。故填looking;for。
14.很多学生在图书馆认真学习, 因为我们正为考试做准备。
Many students are working hard in the library, because we the tests.
【答案】are preparing for
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,prepare for“为……准备”,为固定短语。根据句意可知,此处是现在进行时,主语是we,be动词用are。故填are preparing for。
15.锻炼前热身很重要。
before exercise.
【答案】It’s important to warm up
【详解】warm up“热身”,important“重要的”,It is+形容词+ to do sth“做某事是……的”,it作形式主语,真正的主语为动词不定式。故填It’s important to warm up。
三、单项选择
1.Why are you looking at ________ like that?
A.I B.mine C.my D.me
【答案】D
【详解】句意:你为什么那样看着我?考查代词辨析。I我,主格;mine我的,名词性物主代词;my我的,形容词性物主代词;me我,宾格。此处在动词短语后作宾语,用宾格。故选D。
2.Our school basketball team will win the next match ________ they practice more.
A.if B.before C.when D.because
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我们学校篮球队会赢得下一场比赛如果他们多练习。
考查连词辨析。if如果;before在……之前;when当……时;because因为。根据“Our school basketball team will win the next match…they practice more.”可知,空后是条件,用if引导。故选A。
3.The teacher is very happy ______ her students all have a good time in her classes.
A.before B.or C.but D.because
【答案】D
【详解】句意:老师很高兴,因为她的学生在她的课上都玩得很开心。
考查连词辨析。before在……之前;or或者;but但是;because因为。根据“her students all have a good time in her classes.”可知,此处说的是老师高兴的原因,要用because引导原因状语从句。故选D。
4.—______ do you like the cat?
—Because it’s very cute.
A.Who B.What C.How D.Why
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——你为什么喜欢猫?——因为它很可爱。
考查特殊疑问句。Who谁;What什么;How如何;Why为什么。根据“Because it’s very cute.”可知,此处询问原因。故选D。
5.Mrs Liu teaches English. We like class very much.
A.me;his B.me;her C.my;his D.my;her
【答案】B
【详解】句意:刘老师教我英语。我们非常喜欢她的课。考查代词。me我;his他的;her她的;my我的。根据谓语teaches“教”后面接宾语可知,用宾格me;用形容词性物主代词her来修饰class,her class她的课。故选B。
6.My brother usually ________ his room after school. But now he ________ football.
A.cleans; plays B.cleaning; playing
C.cleans; is playing D.cleans; playing
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我哥哥通常放学后打扫他的房间。但现在他正在踢足球。
考查时态。“usually”是一般现在时标志,主语“My brother”是第三人称单数,第一空应是谓语动词的三单形式cleans;“now”是现在进行时标志,其结构是“am/is/are doing”,第二空应是is playing。故选C。
7.The students ________ an English class now.
A.have B.had C.are having D.will have
【答案】C
【详解】句意:学生们现在正在上英语课。考查现在进行时。根据“now”可知,这是现在进行时的时间标志词,现在进行时的基本结构为“be+现在分词”,主语The students是复数,be动词用are,have的现在分词形式为having。故选C。
8.—________ do you go to school every day?
—On foot. It’s near my home.
A.When B.Why C.How D.Where
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——你每天怎么去上学?——步行。我家离学校很近。 考查疑问词辨析。When什么时候;Why为什么;How如何;Where哪里。根据答句“On foot”可知,问句询问的是上学的方式。故选C。
9.—What is Tom doing in the classroom?
—He __________.
A.draws B.draw C.is drawing D.are drawing
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——汤姆在教室里做什么?——他正在画画。
考查现在进行时。问句询问“正在做什么”,需用现在进行时回答。主语“He”是第三人称单数,故用“is drawing”。故选C。
10.Listen! Jim __________ English in the room.
A.is reading B.reads C.read D.to read
【答案】A
【详解】句意:听!吉姆正在房间里读英语。
考查现在进行时。关键词“Listen!”表明动作正在发生,需用“be + doing”结构描述当前情景。故选A。
11.Are you __________ your clothes?
A.wash B.washed C.washing D.to wash
【答案】C
【详解】句意:你正在洗衣服吗?考查动词时态。题干中“Are you”后需接动词的现在分词形式(be+V-ing)构成现在进行时,表示此刻正在做的事情。故选C。
12.Mr. Wang teaches ________ English. We all like ________.
A.our; him B.us; him C.us; her D.our; her
【答案】B
【详解】句意:王先生教我们英语。我们都喜欢他。考查代词辨析。our我们的;him他;us我们;her她的。根据“teaches...English”可知,此处是指教我们英语。teach sb. sth.“教某人某物”,故第一空处缺宾语,用代词宾格,因此第一空用us;再根据“We all like...”可知,此处是指我们都喜欢王先生,此处放在动词like后面,应该用宾格him代指王先生。故选B。
13.We can go to Julie and Karen’s room to play computer games with ________.
A.they B.them C.she D.her
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我们可以去朱莉和凯伦的房间和她们一起玩电脑游戏。
考查人称代词辨析。they她们,人称代词主格作主语;them她们,人称代词宾格作宾语;she她,人称代词主格作主语;her她,人称代词宾格作宾语。根据“Julie and Karen’s room”可知,去朱莉和凯伦的房间应该是和她们两个一起玩,with为介词,因此后应用宾格形式。故选B。
14.We came out of the classroom after ________.
A.he B.him C.his D.she
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我们在他之后走出了教室。考查代词辨析。he他,主格;him他,宾格;his他的,形容词性物主代词或名词性物主代词;she她,主格。根据“We came out of the classroom after ...”可知,after是介词,介词后要接宾格形式的人称代词作宾语。故选B。
15.We work in groups and ________ turns to clean our classroom.
A.take B.make C.give D.find
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我们分组工作,轮流打扫我们的教室。考查动词辨析。take拿,取;make制作;give给;find找到。此处指轮流打扫教室。take turns“轮流”,符合句意。故选A。
16.—Meimei, what color do you like best?
—________, the color of our national flag. It is the color of China.
A.Blue B.Yellow C.Red D.White
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——梅梅,你最喜欢什么颜色?——红色,我们国旗的颜色。它是中国的颜色。
考查名词辨析。blue蓝色;yellow黄色;red红色;white白色。根据“the color of our national flag. It is the color of China.”可知,中国国旗是红色,故选C。
17.—What do you draw in the art club?
—Pets, trees, flowers, buildings... ________
A.That’s a good idea! B.I’d love to. C.You name it! D.Oh, I see.
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——你在美术俱乐部都画什么?——宠物、树、花、建筑……你说了算!
考查情景交际。That’s a good idea!那是个好主意!I’d love to.我很乐意。You name it!你说了算!Oh, I see.哦,我明白了。根据“Pets, trees, flowers, buildings...”可知,此处表示画什么都可以,你说了算。故选C。
18.—_____ does your brother play basketball?
—He usually plays basketball after school.
A.How B.Where C.What time D.When
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——你哥哥什么时候打篮球? ——他通常放学后打篮球。
考查特殊疑问句。How怎样,如何;Where(在)哪里;What time几点,侧重于询问具体时间点;When什么时候,所询问的时间范围更广泛,可以是具体的时间点,也可以是时间段,如日期、月份、年份等。根据“after school”可知,回答的是一个时间段,并非具体的时刻,用When来提问。故选D。
19.—Amy, can I use your tablet?
—I’m afraid you can’t. I _______ on it.
A.work B.don’t work C.am working D.am not working
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——艾米,我能用一下你的平板电脑吗?——恐怕你不能。我正在使用。
考查动词时态。work 工作,动词原形;don’t work 不工作,一般现在时的否定形式;am working 正在工作,现在进行时;am not working 不在工作,现在进行时的否定式。根据答语“I’m afraid you can’t.”可知,不能的原因应是“此刻我正在使用平板电脑”,所以用现在进行时,其构成是am/is/are+现在分词。故选C。
20.—Is Daniel playing computer games?
—_________. He is chatting with his classmates online.
A.Yes, he does B.No, he doesn’t C.Yes, he is D.No, he isn’t
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——Daniel正在玩电脑游戏吗?——不,他不在。他正在网上和同学聊天。
考查一般疑问句。根据“Is Daniel”可知,肯定回答为Yes, he is,否定回答为No, he isn’t,结合“He is chatting with his classmates online.”可知,此处应是否定回答,故选D。
题型一 语法选择
Students can have more fun when it is time for the breaks between classes.
Xiao Jingshang is 1 student from Beijing Shangdi Experimental School. When it was the time for the breaks between classes, 2 had to run to the toilet and then come back to class very soon. He had 53 time to be with his friends.
But now things 4 different. “I can have more time to have a break and share 5 things with my classmates,” said the 14-year-old boy. From this fall semester (秋季学期) on, 6 at primary and middle schools in Beijing have longer breaks, from 10 to 15 minutes. They can 7 with friends for more time outside.
Many schools have places for reading, playing the piano and even playing with animals. “We have some ducks and rabbits in our school, ” said Zhang Boren, a 13-year-old girl from Beijing 101 Middle School. “Look at my picture! It’s a picture of our school. We are doing exercise on the playground. And the ducks 8 around! Getting closer to nature is relaxing. And teachers are 9 duty between classes. We can see them around us. 10 lucky we are! ”
The longer breaks between classes are surely popular.
1.A.a B.an C.the
2.A.he B.him C.his
3.A.a little B.little C.few
4.A.am B.is C.are
5.A.interest B.interested C.interesting
6.A.student B.students C.students’
7.A.talk B.talking C.talked
8.A.knocks B.will knock C.are knocking
9.A.at B.on C.with
10.A.How B.What C.What a
【答案】
1.A 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.C 6.B 7.A 8.C 9.B 10.A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了北京中小学实行了更长的课间休息时间,学生们可以更好地放松和与朋友交流,许多学校还提供了阅读、弹钢琴和与动物玩耍的场所,学生们感到非常幸运和开心。
1.句意:肖景尚是一名来自北京上地实验学校的学生。
a一个,表泛指,用于辅音音素开头的单词前;an一个,表泛指,用于元音音素开头的单词前;the表特指。根据句意可知,此处表示泛指,且student是辅音音素开头的单词,应用a。故选A。
2.句意:课间休息时,他不得不跑去厕所,然后很快回到教室。
he他,人称代词主格;him他,人称代词宾格;his他的,形容词性物主代词或名词性物主代词。根据句子结构可知,此处缺少主语,应用人称代词主格he。故选A。
3.句意:他几乎没有时间和朋友们在一起。
a little一点儿,修饰不可数名词;little几乎没有,修饰不可数名词;few几乎没有,修饰可数名词复数。根据“…had to run to the toilet and then come back to class very soon.”可知,他几乎没有时间和朋友们在一起,且time是不可数名词,应用little修饰。故选B。
4.句意:但现在情况不同了。
am是,用于第一人称单数;is是,用于第三人称单数;are是,用于第二人称或复数。根据句子结构可知,此处缺少谓语,且主语things是复数,应用are。故选C。
5.句意:我可以有更多的时间休息,和同学们分享有趣的事情。
interest兴趣,名词;interested感兴趣的,形容词;interesting有趣的,形容词。根据句子结构可知,此处缺少形容词修饰things,且things是物,应用interesting修饰。故选C。
6.句意:从今年秋季学期开始,北京中小学学生的课间休息时间更长,从10分钟到15分钟不等。
student学生,单数形式;students学生,复数形式;students’学生的,名词所有格。根据句子结构可知,此处缺少主语,且根据语境可知,此处指的是“北京中小学的学生”,应用复数形式students。故选B。
7.句意:他们可以和朋友在外面多聊一会儿。
talk谈论,动词原形;talking谈论,现在分词形式;talked谈论,过去式。根据句子结构可知,此处缺少谓语,且空前有情态动词can,应用动词原形talk。故选A。
8.句意:鸭子们正在四处走动!
knocks敲击,第三人称单数形式;will knock敲击,一般将来时;are knocking敲击,现在进行时。根据上文“We are doing exercise on the playground.”可知,knock around“闲逛”,此处描述的是正在发生的动作,应用现在进行时。故选C。
9.句意:老师们课间值班。
at在;on在;with和……一起。根据语境可知,此处指的是“老师们课间值班”,应用on duty。故选B。
10.句意:我们是多么幸运啊!
How多么,引导感叹句,修饰形容词或副词;What多么,引导感叹句,修饰名词;What a多么,引导感叹句,修饰名词单数。根据句子结构可知,此处是感叹句,且lucky是形容词,应用How引导。故选A。
题型二 语法填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词(介词、冠词、连词、代词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
It’s December. It’s 1 (snow) and the weather is really cold in the north of China. You can see many children 2 (play) with snow. Some of them are building snowmen. Some 3 (skate) on the lake, because it’s so cold that the water in the lake freezes (结冰). It 4 (be) a white world. How beautiful! But in Australia now, the weather is hot. Many people go 5 (swim) in the sea. They 6 (have) a good time, Jim and his friends are playing soccer near the sea. The sunny weather is very hot to them, but it is great 7 (enjoy) the sun. They want 8 (swim) after playing soccer. Why 9 they 9 (swim) in December? That is winter, isn’t it? Yes, it is in China. But it isn’t in Australia. That’s because China and Australia 10 (have) different seasons (季节) in a year.
【答案】
1.snowing 2.playing 3.are skating 4.is 5.swimming 6.are having 7.to enjoy 8.to swim 9.do;swim 10.have
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国北方和澳大利亚两种截然不同的天气。
1.句意:在中国的北方正在下雪,天气确实很冷。根据“It’s...”及所给词可知, 此处表示“正在下雪”,用现在进行时,动词用ing形式。故填snowing。
2.句意:你能看到很多孩子在玩雪。根据“see many children...”可知,此处表示“看到孩子们正在玩雪”,see sb. doing sth.表示“看到某人正在做某事”。故填playing。
3.句意:一些正在湖上滑冰,因为天气如此冷以至于水面结冰了。根据上句“Some of them are building snowmen.”可知,时态是现在进行时,此句时态也是现在进行时be doing,skate表示“滑冰”,现在分词为skating。故填are skating。
4.句意:真是个白色的世界。根据本文时态可知,是一般现在时,此处主语是It,谓语be动词用is。故填is。
5.句意:很多人在海里游泳。“go+动词ing”表示从事某种运动,此空为动词ing形式,swim的动词ing形式为swimming。故填swimming。
66.句意:他们正玩得很开心,Jim和他的朋友们在海边踢足球。根据“Jim and his friends are playing soccer near the sea”可知,他们在踢足球,玩得很开心,用现在进行时be+doing,主语是they,be动词用are。故填are having。
7.句意:但享受阳光的感觉真棒。根据“it is great...the sun”可知,此处是It’s+adj.+to do sth表示“做什么事情是什么感受”,用It作形式主语,真正的主语用不定式引出。故填to enjoy。
8.句意:他们想要在踢完足球后游泳。want to do sth.“想要做某事”。故填to swim。
9.句意:他们为什么要在12月游泳呢?根据in December可知,表示在12月游泳,用一般现在时,主语是they,用助动词do,动词swim用原形。故填do;swim。
10.句意:那是因为一年中在中国和澳大利亚有不同的季节。主语China and Australia是复数形式,时态是一般现在时。故填have。
1 / 12
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$