读后续写微技能3：如何写 导学案-2026届高三英语上学期一轮复习专项

读后续写微技能3：续写提分，追求卓越之添砖加瓦的词句精准表达 1.确保句子表述丰富有力的微策略 在读后续写中，有的同学写的短句过多，内容不具体，缺乏生动性，导致词数不够。我们可以在简短句的基础上恰当添加定语、状语等修饰成分或增加并列结构等，扩展句子， 丰富内容，使表达更具体、更形象。 ⑴利用同位语扩充句子 同位语主要使用名词短语和同位语从句。 例如：(2016年10月浙江卷) She saw her husband. 她看到了她的丈夫。 There, she saw her husband, a man staring at her, wearing an expression of relief. 在那里， 她看到了她的丈夫，一个正盯着她看的男人，带着宽慰的表情。 【分析】在句首添加了地点状语There，在 husband 后面增加了同位语 a man staring at her，其后还有一个分词短语 wearing an expression of relief 做状语，补充说明丈夫看着她时 流露出来的表情。这种形象具体的描写，增加了画面感，也提升了整个句子的层次。 ⑵利用状语扩充句子 添加的状语，可以是副词、非谓语动词、介词短语和状语从句等。 例如：(2016 年10月浙江卷) Jane walked on. 简继续走。 Jane walked on for quite a long time. 简继续走了很长时间。 With no path to follow, Jane walked on for quite a long time. 因为无路可循，简继续走了很长时间。 【分析】添加 for quite a long time 和 with no path to follow 两个做状语的介词短语后， 句子表达更为生动具体了。 ⑶利用定语扩充句子 定语扩句的主要方式是使用形容词、非谓语动词、介词短语和定语从句等。 例如： His mother works in a big company. 他母亲在一家大公司工作。 His loving mother, who used to be an excellent English teacher in a middle school, now works in a big company. 他的慈母，曾经是一名优秀的中学英语老师，现在在一家大公司工作。 【分析】我们在主语 mother 前添加了形容词loving，更形象地说明了his mother的特征； 在mother后面添加了who used to be an excellent English teacher in a middle school，内容更丰富，让读者更加了解母亲。 ⑷递进式扩充句子 对先后发生的两个或多个连贯动作，可以采用递进式。主要方式有 (1) 用 and 连接； (2) 用 after that, additionally, furthermore, what’s more, to make things worse 等。 例如： Mac then jumped off the bicycle. 然后麦克从自行车上跳了下来。 Mac then jumped off the bicycle and he was ready to fight against the wolf. 麦克从自行车上跳下来，准备跟狼搏斗。 【分析】“跳下自行车”与“准备搏斗”两个连贯动作，让 Mac 准备跟狼搏斗的形象跃然纸上。 ⑸转折式扩充句子 表示转折的有 but, however 等。 例如： Jane kept moving. 简继续往前走 。 Jane kept moving, but the farther she walked, the more confused she became. 简继续往前走，但她走得越远，就越感到困惑 。 【分析】添加后面的转折分句后，暗示着“她可能迷路了”。 ⑹因果式扩充句子 除了引导原因状语从句和结果状语从句的连词后，还有 due to, owing to, on account of, because of, as a result of 等表示原因，therefore, as a result 等表示结果。 例如： He has broken his leg. 他摔坏了腿。 He has broken his leg and therefore he can’t walk.他摔坏了腿，因此不能走路了。 2.实现细节刻画深度有效的微策略 在读后续写的心理描写中，恰当运用虚拟语气，可以委婉地表达主人公的某种情感， 使人物形象更生动，增强文章的可读性。 ⑴“if sb..., sb... ”表达纠结的心情 例如：2021河北张家口第一次质检题 If I shouldn’t go back on time, the king would kill my friend. If I hadn’t fallen from the horse and got hurt, I would have got to the destination on time. 要是我不准时回去，国王会杀了我的朋友。如果我没有从马上摔下来并受了伤，我也早就按时到达目的地了。 【分析】主人公向国王承诺准时回去，若违背诺言，国王会杀死主人公的朋友。但因为主人公从马上摔下来，受伤了，这一路就耽搁了时间。这时就需要虚拟语气来做出非真实的 假设了，表达了主人公矛盾的情感纠结。以上两个虚拟条件句，前者表示与将来情况相反的假设，后者表示与过去情况相反的假设。 ⑵“ Without/But for...”表示感激之情 例如：2021 广州七校联考题 Without /But for mom’s encouragement, I wouldn’t have be- come a successful narrator in the competition. 如果没有妈妈的鼓励，在比赛中我不可能成为一个成功的讲解员。 【分析】经过学校的故事大赛，我意识到什么角色都有其优点和重要性。后来，我一直继续做好讲解员的角色，层层突破，在地区小有名气。这时用虚拟语气来表达对妈妈的感 激之情。 ⑶“ If only...”表示强列的愿望 例如：2021 届浙江慈溪中学模拟题 If only I had been the 3rd runner who had got to the finish line.要是我是第3位到达终点线的跑步者该多好啊！ 【分析】我摔倒后继续往前跑，到达终点线，发现自己与第三名擦肩而过，不能获得我心仪的奖品。这时用虚拟语气来表达与过去事实相反的情况，强调愿望。 ⑷固定句型表示后悔或遗憾 ①可用 How sb wished that ... had (not) done sth 例如：2021山东泰安期中试题 How Timmy wished that he hadn’t been so rude to his coach. Timmy 多么希望之前没有那么粗鲁的对待教练啊！ 【分析】Timmy 一直是球队的主力，不愿把球传给别人。他不仅不听教练的劝导，而且由于态度恶劣，被取消参加区里比赛的资格。他同妈妈交流后，意识到以前自己的错误。 这时就需要虚拟语气来表达他后悔的情感 。 ②可用sb.+谓语, wishing that... 例如：2021 广州七校联考题 I was rooted on the ground due to being frightened, wishing that I had refused my mother’s advice yesterday. 我由于恐惧愣在那里，真希望我昨天拒绝妈妈的建议。 【分析】我一直不接受自己做故事的讲解员这个角色，但在妈妈的劝导下，我还是参加了学校的故事大赛。中途出现了情感的纠结，后悔参加了比赛。这时需要用虚拟语气来表 达后悔。 ⑸“as if...”表达形象生动 例如：2020 年浙江模拟题 The glasses dropped into the river, as if the water had swallowed them. 眼镜掉到河里，好像水已经吞噬了它。 【分析】主人公兄弟俩跟爸爸在深林里的一条河边走着，突然爸爸摔了一跤，眼镜掉到河里，兄弟俩赶紧去找，但由于河水汹涌，找不到。这时就需要用虚拟语气来描述河中水流的凶猛。此句型也是比喻的写作手法。 3.实现语言表述协同过程中存在的三大问题 读后续写不仅要重视情节上的一致性和连贯性，还应当注意语言上的协同性，保证续写内容与原文语言风格、形式和侧重点的一致性，只有这样才能实现语言协同，“以读促写”的初衷。 实例分析： On a freezing morning of December, two police officers were patrolling (巡逻) the streets. Suddenly, the walkie -talkie (对讲机) on Alan, one of the officers, rang. “The cake shop near the City Museum has reported a burglary. Please rush to the scene immediately, ”said the electronic voice. The two policemen quickly arrived at the shop, only to find that the scene showed no sign of crimes at all. Curiously, they checked the monitor and found that a thin woman broke open the window and climbed into the store at 5∶20 a.m. Instead of searching around, she walked straight into the storage room, stole cheese, chocolate, butter and other ingredients (原料) for a cake, and then ran away down the road. Both policemen felt quite confused about her behavior. One of the shop assistants identified the thief as Clara, a single mother who lived nearby. She has an eight -year-old boy to take care of and lives a poor life. Moments later, the two officers arrived at Clara’s house. Bob, another officer, pulled out a gun and was about to break in. But Alan told him to put the gun away and knocked gently. The door opened and out came a very thin woman. From the outline of her figure, Alan recognized that she was exactly the thief. The woman, Clara, immediately understood the situation when she saw the two policemen. She buried her face in her hands and sat down on the floor. At that very moment, a child’s voice broke the silence, “Mom, is anyone coming for my birthday? Invite them in, please.” After hearing the boy’s words, Clara stood up and begged in a low voice, “Officer, I did steal those things, but there’s nothing else I could do. It’s my baby’s birthday, and I’ve got neither job nor money. Please don’t take those things away. I’ve just used them to make him a cake. ” 注意： 1. 续写词数应为 150 左右 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答 。 Looking into the woman ’s teary eyes, Alan understood and walked into the house. Bob nodded thoughtfully and asked, “What about the things she stole？” 仔细研读文本，我们会发现，除了情节的简单叙述之外，文中重点角色的描写侧重明显，有许多生动形象的描写，且多为形象具体的动作描写，也有神情描写和简单的对话内容，这都为续写的文字风格给出了参考。 问题1：语言平铺直叙，缺乏细节描述 【续写分析1】 After some discussion, the two officers decided to temporarily pay off the lost ingredients for a cake by themselves. They came back to the cake shop and brought the shop assistants some money and told them the money was Clara’s and she was so sorry because of her behavior. And then, Alan and Bob explained the situation of Clara to him and also described the beautiful cake Clara made. They hoped that Clara could be employed to earn the money back... 根据文章的情节，续写第二段应该续写两位警官通过什么方式来帮助 Clara 一家妥善处理好蛋糕店失窃物品。上述续写的故事情节设计合理，也基本符合题意和正确的价值 观，但存在描写缺失的问题。像这样只是把故事像记流水账一样一件接一件地罗列出来，没有任何的描写内容，这与原文文体特点明显不一致，所以虽然情节吻合，但是有一种貌合神离的感觉，而这也是大部分考生写作时的误区。 【续写分析2】 Alan took a quick glance at the boy, who was joyfully eating his cake, and sighed, “It is best if we close the case in a different way. ”He gestured Clara to come out with him and closed the door behind her. Still with butterflies in her stomach, Clare extended her hands, ready to be handcuffed (戴上手铐). “This is not necessary, ” Alan said. He explained that if Clara agreed to help out at the cake shop and pay for the cake, there is no need to arrest her. With tears sparkling in her eyes and a gracious smile decorating her face, Clara agreed and bowed deeply to express her thanks... 这篇习作在人物的外貌神态描写、动作描写、心理描写等方面都很出彩，不光通过对小男孩的状态描写合理地解释了为什么Alan 决定不逮捕 Clara，通过一系列的动作描写，表现出Alan对小男孩的关照 (出门避开孩子视线) 以及 Clara 对自己错误的认错态度很好，还通过对 Clara 的心理描写和表情描写，体现出从惴惴不安到感激涕零的变化。这样的文字与原文风格高度吻合，且画面感很强，做到了情节和写作风格的高度一致。 问题2：嵌入过多对话，冲淡描写效果 虽然说在阅读原文及续写第二段开头中出现了对话，但是全文整体还是以非对话体占主导，加上读后续写作为考试内容，长度有一定的局限性，如果对话写得太多或者太长都会造成喧宾夺主，冲淡了本来需要重点写作的内容。 【续写分析3】 “Hi, little boy, happy birthday!” Alan cheered. The boy was happy but confused, “Sir, why are you here?” Alan approached the boy, took a piece of chocolate cake from his pocket, and then gave it to him. “We are sending gifts to the child who is celebrating his birthday. Happy birthday!” Alan smiled, “You will have a delicious cake from your mom. ”After that, Alan left with Bob and told Bob, “The mother just wanted to make her son a cake. We should understand her. ” 该习作虽然有部分描写内容，但是Alan说话内容过多，且存在重复性语言。特别是情节变化太快太突兀，仍然像流水账。 【续写分析4】 “That’s a problem.” Alan answered and thought for a while, and said, “I have an idea. Our police office need a cleaner, right? We can offer this job to her. And then she could get money to pay off the things that she stole. At the same time, she could take care of her baby using the money that she got. So she could not steal things.” “You’re actually killing two birds with one stone! We could do as you said, ”Bob said. 该习作情节很清楚，但是整个段落基本没有描写，且 Alan 一个人的话基本上占据了文章的一大半，虽然交代清楚了后面该怎么做，但是繁琐单调，平铺直叙，和原文文体风格差异巨大。 问题3：增加无关人物，淡化主要人物 本文所有出场人物为5人，即警官Alan和 Bob，偷窃蛋糕的母亲Clara，小男孩 (Clara 的儿子) 和a shop assistant。文中虽没给出非常明显的笔墨侧重，但是由原文中对两位警官到Clara家门口时的行为描述“Bob, another officer, pulled out a gun and was about to break in. But Alan told him to put the gun away and knocked gently”可知，文章走向是以Alan 为中心的，Bob只是协助性角色。由于原文中小男孩过生日这一情节和他母亲偷窃需要得到惩罚构成文章的矛盾核心，需要考生合理处置，所以小男孩和Clara的情绪变化也是本段内容的重点，而 shop assistant 只是原文情节的过渡角色。 【续写分析5】 “That’s not a big deal,” said Alan, “I will explain to the shop assistants and pay for them. ”After arrival, Alan told the assistant the story of the poor lady. He forgave her and agreed to send a big cake for her son and asked her neighbours to go and have a party. When they arrived at Clara’s house, Clara and her son were surprised. No one was happier than the little boy. They sang songs, ate cake and had a good time. They felt warm in spite of the freezing day for people’s kindness. 该习作中把shop assistant 这个角色过度描写了，安排来到Clara 家，又是送礼物，又是邀请邻居一起帮助庆祝生日等等，导致主要角色的戏份被淡化甚至被忽视了。且不说情节 是否合情合理，按这个思路写的考生，对文章的解读不到位，写作内容自然会出现与原文不一致的情况。 【举一反三】 1.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 At 7:30 a. m. on Christmas Eve, Ivy White got a call from an unknown number. “Hi. You don’t know me, but I have your brother.” It was Sha’ Kyra Aughtry, a Buffalo resident who had rescued Ivy’s brother, Joey White, amid the deadly winter storm. Joey, then 64, was mentally disabled. Before the storm hit the city, Ivy called Joey and instructed him not to leave his group home where he lives. But as Buffalo’s worst blizzard(暴风雪)in almost 50 years struck the city, Joey ventured outside. It’s unclear what purpose Joey had for leaving home. He braved the snowstorm and walked a considerable distance before finally stopping outside Aughtry’s house, just seven-minute drive from the North Park Theatre, where he had worked as a janitor since 1980. Before the blizzard hit, the theater’s manager had called Joey, telling him not to come to work. However, Joey was used to following a routine, and even during the pandemic when the theater was closed, he had shown up several times. At around 6:30 a.m., Aughtry noticed a man standing helplessly in front of a snowbank from her balcony. He was crying out in pain. Aughtry went downstairs and tried to communicate with him, but he was too frightened to speak, continuing to shout uncontrollably. Aughtry had no choice but to return home and call her husband. Together, they went into the storm once more. After Aughtry spoke to him gently, assuring him he was safe, Joey’s cries softened, and began to calm down. With steady hands and reassuring words, Aughtry and her husband carefully guided him through the snow, step by step, until they finally brought him into the warmth of their home. When they got back home, they carefully examined the poor old man’s condition. Having wandered in the storm, he was totally wet and couldn’t help trembling, his clothes frozen hard, his fingers and toes frozen numb without sensation. It was unclear how the man had managed to walk so far in the blizzard, but it was obvious he was terrified. No matter how they tried to ask him questions, he couldn’t utter a single word. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Para. 1: “We should warm him up fast,” said Aughtry. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Para. 2: “It is a phone number that he said,” one of the boys said. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Harry Caine retired from a local power company. After his retirement, he just wanted to do something for his community. One day, he spotted many abandoned bikes, which were gathering dust in the neighbouring garages. “Why not fix them up and give them to those needy?” he thought. So he posted to an online group in his Alaska Homer, offering to fix people’s bikes for free. Soon some neighbors began to donate their abandoned bikes after their kids had outgrown them or adults had upgraded to new models. Then, in Harry’s tidy little garage, he set about working. Its inner walls lined with tools, the garage held a workbench and repair stand. Classic rock music often drifted from its open doors, a sign that Harry was working hard. After Harry’s highly skilled repairs, the donated bikes took on new looks and functioned very well. One Saturday, Harry transported the first batch of six repaired bikes to a nearby food bank, a place that gave food to the poor. He camped out with his Free Bikes sign and waited to see whether the bikes were needed. Five minutes later, a little boy wearing worn-out clothes came up to Harry with a doubtful look, his eyes glued to a blue bike, “Is it really free?” the boy asked. “Yes. If you like it, it’s yours.” Harry answered joyfully. The boy beamed a broad smile. He briskly walked towards the blue bicycle. Then he touched its handle, pressed its bell, and explained how he had dreamed of owning one bicycle. Grinning with delight, Harry watched him pedal away and disappear in the distance. The following 30 minutes saw the remaining bikes ridden away, which gave him a sense of satisfaction. As word of Harry’s project spread, neighbors admirably called him Uncle Harry, and they kept him busy with a steady supply of bikes, helmets and even locks. However, with more abandoned bikes flooding in, Harry had his hands full and the repairing work was more than he could deal with. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Para. 1: Knowing Harry’s situation, a group of volunteers came to help him. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Para. 2: To match each bike with its new owner, Harry gathered their specific needs. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 读后续写微技能3：续写提分，追求卓越之添砖加瓦的词句精准表达 1.确保句子表述丰富有力的微策略 在读后续写中，有的同学写的短句过多，内容不具体，缺乏生动性，导致词数不够。我们可以在简短句的基础上恰当添加定语、状语等修饰成分或增加并列结构等，扩展句子， 丰富内容，使表达更具体、更形象。 ⑴利用同位语扩充句子 同位语主要使用名词短语和同位语从句。 例如：(2016年10月浙江卷) She saw her husband. 她看到了她的丈夫。 There, she saw her husband, a man staring at her, wearing an expression of relief. 在那里， 她看到了她的丈夫，一个正盯着她看的男人，带着宽慰的表情。 【分析】在句首添加了地点状语There，在 husband 后面增加了同位语 a man staring at her，其后还有一个分词短语 wearing an expression of relief 做状语，补充说明丈夫看着她时 流露出来的表情。这种形象具体的描写，增加了画面感，也提升了整个句子的层次。 ⑵利用状语扩充句子 添加的状语，可以是副词、非谓语动词、介词短语和状语从句等。 例如：(2016 年10月浙江卷) Jane walked on. 简继续走。 Jane walked on for quite a long time. 简继续走了很长时间。 With no path to follow, Jane walked on for quite a long time. 因为无路可循，简继续走了很长时间。 【分析】添加 for quite a long time 和 with no path to follow 两个做状语的介词短语后， 句子表达更为生动具体了。 ⑶利用定语扩充句子 定语扩句的主要方式是使用形容词、非谓语动词、介词短语和定语从句等。 例如： His mother works in a big company. 他母亲在一家大公司工作。 His loving mother, who used to be an excellent English teacher in a middle school, now works in a big company. 他的慈母，曾经是一名优秀的中学英语老师，现在在一家大公司工作。 【分析】我们在主语 mother 前添加了形容词loving，更形象地说明了his mother的特征； 在mother后面添加了who used to be an excellent English teacher in a middle school，内容更丰富，让读者更加了解母亲。 ⑷递进式扩充句子 对先后发生的两个或多个连贯动作，可以采用递进式。主要方式有 (1) 用 and 连接； (2) 用 after that, additionally, furthermore, what’s more, to make things worse 等。 例如： Mac then jumped off the bicycle. 然后麦克从自行车上跳了下来。 Mac then jumped off the bicycle and he was ready to fight against the wolf. 麦克从自行车上跳下来，准备跟狼搏斗。 【分析】“跳下自行车”与“准备搏斗”两个连贯动作，让 Mac 准备跟狼搏斗的形象跃然纸上。 ⑸转折式扩充句子 表示转折的有 but, however 等。 例如： Jane kept moving. 简继续往前走 。 Jane kept moving, but the farther she walked, the more confused she became. 简继续往前走，但她走得越远，就越感到困惑 。 【分析】添加后面的转折分句后，暗示着“她可能迷路了”。 ⑹因果式扩充句子 除了引导原因状语从句和结果状语从句的连词后，还有 due to, owing to, on account of, because of, as a result of 等表示原因，therefore, as a result 等表示结果。 例如： He has broken his leg. 他摔坏了腿。 He has broken his leg and therefore he can’t walk.他摔坏了腿，因此不能走路了。 2.实现细节刻画深度有效的微策略 在读后续写的心理描写中，恰当运用虚拟语气，可以委婉地表达主人公的某种情感， 使人物形象更生动，增强文章的可读性。 ⑴“if sb..., sb... ”表达纠结的心情 例如：2021河北张家口第一次质检题 If I shouldn’t go back on time, the king would kill my friend. If I hadn’t fallen from the horse and got hurt, I would have got to the destination on time. 要是我不准时回去，国王会杀了我的朋友。如果我没有从马上摔下来并受了伤，我也早就按时到达目的地了。 【分析】主人公向国王承诺准时回去，若违背诺言，国王会杀死主人公的朋友。但因为主人公从马上摔下来，受伤了，这一路就耽搁了时间。这时就需要虚拟语气来做出非真实的 假设了，表达了主人公矛盾的情感纠结。以上两个虚拟条件句，前者表示与将来情况相反的假设，后者表示与过去情况相反的假设。 ⑵“ Without/But for...”表示感激之情 例如：2021 广州七校联考题 Without /But for mom’s encouragement, I wouldn’t have be- come a successful narrator in the competition. 如果没有妈妈的鼓励，在比赛中我不可能成为一个成功的讲解员。 【分析】经过学校的故事大赛，我意识到什么角色都有其优点和重要性。后来，我一直继续做好讲解员的角色，层层突破，在地区小有名气。这时用虚拟语气来表达对妈妈的感 激之情。 ⑶“ If only...”表示强列的愿望 例如：2021 届浙江慈溪中学模拟题 If only I had been the 3rd runner who had got to the finish line.要是我是第3位到达终点线的跑步者该多好啊！ 【分析】我摔倒后继续往前跑，到达终点线，发现自己与第三名擦肩而过，不能获得我心仪的奖品。这时用虚拟语气来表达与过去事实相反的情况，强调愿望。 ⑷固定句型表示后悔或遗憾 ①可用 How sb wished that ... had (not) done sth 例如：2021山东泰安期中试题 How Timmy wished that he hadn’t been so rude to his coach. Timmy 多么希望之前没有那么粗鲁的对待教练啊！ 【分析】Timmy 一直是球队的主力，不愿把球传给别人。他不仅不听教练的劝导，而且由于态度恶劣，被取消参加区里比赛的资格。他同妈妈交流后，意识到以前自己的错误。 这时就需要虚拟语气来表达他后悔的情感 。 ②可用sb.+谓语, wishing that... 例如：2021 广州七校联考题 I was rooted on the ground due to being frightened, wishing that I had refused my mother’s advice yesterday. 我由于恐惧愣在那里，真希望我昨天拒绝妈妈的建议。 【分析】我一直不接受自己做故事的讲解员这个角色，但在妈妈的劝导下，我还是参加了学校的故事大赛。中途出现了情感的纠结，后悔参加了比赛。这时需要用虚拟语气来表 达后悔。 ⑸“as if...”表达形象生动 例如：2020 年浙江模拟题 The glasses dropped into the river, as if the water had swallowed them. 眼镜掉到河里，好像水已经吞噬了它。 【分析】主人公兄弟俩跟爸爸在深林里的一条河边走着，突然爸爸摔了一跤，眼镜掉到河里，兄弟俩赶紧去找，但由于河水汹涌，找不到。这时就需要用虚拟语气来描述河中水流的凶猛。此句型也是比喻的写作手法。 3.实现语言表述协同过程中存在的三大问题 读后续写不仅要重视情节上的一致性和连贯性，还应当注意语言上的协同性，保证续写内容与原文语言风格、形式和侧重点的一致性，只有这样才能实现语言协同，“以读促写”的初衷。 实例分析： On a freezing morning of December, two police officers were patrolling (巡逻) the streets. Suddenly, the walkie -talkie (对讲机) on Alan, one of the officers, rang. “The cake shop near the City Museum has reported a burglary. Please rush to the scene immediately, ”said the electronic voice. The two policemen quickly arrived at the shop, only to find that the scene showed no sign of crimes at all. Curiously, they checked the monitor and found that a thin woman broke open the window and climbed into the store at 5∶20 a.m. Instead of searching around, she walked straight into the storage room, stole cheese, chocolate, butter and other ingredients (原料) for a cake, and then ran away down the road. Both policemen felt quite confused about her behavior. One of the shop assistants identified the thief as Clara, a single mother who lived nearby. She has an eight -year-old boy to take care of and lives a poor life. Moments later, the two officers arrived at Clara’s house. Bob, another officer, pulled out a gun and was about to break in. But Alan told him to put the gun away and knocked gently. The door opened and out came a very thin woman. From the outline of her figure, Alan recognized that she was exactly the thief. The woman, Clara, immediately understood the situation when she saw the two policemen. She buried her face in her hands and sat down on the floor. At that very moment, a child’s voice broke the silence, “Mom, is anyone coming for my birthday? Invite them in, please.” After hearing the boy’s words, Clara stood up and begged in a low voice, “Officer, I did steal those things, but there’s nothing else I could do. It’s my baby’s birthday, and I’ve got neither job nor money. Please don’t take those things away. I’ve just used them to make him a cake. ” 注意： 1. 续写词数应为 150 左右 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答 。 Looking into the woman ’s teary eyes, Alan understood and walked into the house. Bob nodded thoughtfully and asked, “What about the things she stole？” 仔细研读文本，我们会发现，除了情节的简单叙述之外，文中重点角色的描写侧重明显，有许多生动形象的描写，且多为形象具体的动作描写，也有神情描写和简单的对话内容，这都为续写的文字风格给出了参考。 问题1：语言平铺直叙，缺乏细节描述 【续写分析1】 After some discussion, the two officers decided to temporarily pay off the lost ingredients for a cake by themselves. They came back to the cake shop and brought the shop assistants some money and told them the money was Clara’s and she was so sorry because of her behavior. And then, Alan and Bob explained the situation of Clara to him and also described the beautiful cake Clara made. They hoped that Clara could be employed to earn the money back... 根据文章的情节，续写第二段应该续写两位警官通过什么方式来帮助 Clara 一家妥善处理好蛋糕店失窃物品。上述续写的故事情节设计合理，也基本符合题意和正确的价值 观，但存在描写缺失的问题。像这样只是把故事像记流水账一样一件接一件地罗列出来，没有任何的描写内容，这与原文文体特点明显不一致，所以虽然情节吻合，但是有一种貌合神离的感觉，而这也是大部分考生写作时的误区。 【续写分析2】 Alan took a quick glance at the boy, who was joyfully eating his cake, and sighed, “It is best if we close the case in a different way. ”He gestured Clara to come out with him and closed the door behind her. Still with butterflies in her stomach, Clare extended her hands, ready to be handcuffed (戴上手铐). “This is not necessary, ” Alan said. He explained that if Clara agreed to help out at the cake shop and pay for the cake, there is no need to arrest her. With tears sparkling in her eyes and a gracious smile decorating her face, Clara agreed and bowed deeply to express her thanks... 这篇习作在人物的外貌神态描写、动作描写、心理描写等方面都很出彩，不光通过对小男孩的状态描写合理地解释了为什么Alan 决定不逮捕 Clara，通过一系列的动作描写，表现出Alan对小男孩的关照 (出门避开孩子视线) 以及 Clara 对自己错误的认错态度很好，还通过对 Clara 的心理描写和表情描写，体现出从惴惴不安到感激涕零的变化。这样的文字与原文风格高度吻合，且画面感很强，做到了情节和写作风格的高度一致。 问题2：嵌入过多对话，冲淡描写效果 虽然说在阅读原文及续写第二段开头中出现了对话，但是全文整体还是以非对话体占主导，加上读后续写作为考试内容，长度有一定的局限性，如果对话写得太多或者太长都会造成喧宾夺主，冲淡了本来需要重点写作的内容。 【续写分析3】 “Hi, little boy, happy birthday!” Alan cheered. The boy was happy but confused, “Sir, why are you here?” Alan approached the boy, took a piece of chocolate cake from his pocket, and then gave it to him. “We are sending gifts to the child who is celebrating his birthday. Happy birthday!” Alan smiled, “You will have a delicious cake from your mom. ”After that, Alan left with Bob and told Bob, “The mother just wanted to make her son a cake. We should understand her. ” 该习作虽然有部分描写内容，但是Alan说话内容过多，且存在重复性语言。特别是情节变化太快太突兀，仍然像流水账。 【续写分析4】 “That’s a problem.” Alan answered and thought for a while, and said, “I have an idea. Our police office need a cleaner, right? We can offer this job to her. And then she could get money to pay off the things that she stole. At the same time, she could take care of her baby using the money that she got. So she could not steal things.” “You’re actually killing two birds with one stone! We could do as you said, ”Bob said. 该习作情节很清楚，但是整个段落基本没有描写，且 Alan 一个人的话基本上占据了文章的一大半，虽然交代清楚了后面该怎么做，但是繁琐单调，平铺直叙，和原文文体风格差异巨大。 问题3：增加无关人物，淡化主要人物 本文所有出场人物为5人，即警官Alan和 Bob，偷窃蛋糕的母亲Clara，小男孩 (Clara 的儿子) 和a shop assistant。文中虽没给出非常明显的笔墨侧重，但是由原文中对两位警官到Clara家门口时的行为描述“Bob, another officer, pulled out a gun and was about to break in. But Alan told him to put the gun away and knocked gently”可知，文章走向是以Alan 为中心的，Bob只是协助性角色。由于原文中小男孩过生日这一情节和他母亲偷窃需要得到惩罚构成文章的矛盾核心，需要考生合理处置，所以小男孩和Clara的情绪变化也是本段内容的重点，而 shop assistant 只是原文情节的过渡角色。 【续写分析5】 “That’s not a big deal,” said Alan, “I will explain to the shop assistants and pay for them. ”After arrival, Alan told the assistant the story of the poor lady. He forgave her and agreed to send a big cake for her son and asked her neighbours to go and have a party. When they arrived at Clara’s house, Clara and her son were surprised. No one was happier than the little boy. They sang songs, ate cake and had a good time. They felt warm in spite of the freezing day for people’s kindness. 该习作中把shop assistant 这个角色过度描写了，安排来到Clara 家，又是送礼物，又是邀请邻居一起帮助庆祝生日等等，导致主要角色的戏份被淡化甚至被忽视了。且不说情节 是否合情合理，按这个思路写的考生，对文章的解读不到位，写作内容自然会出现与原文不一致的情况。 【举一反三】 1.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 At 7:30 a. m. on Christmas Eve, Ivy White got a call from an unknown number. “Hi. You don’t know me, but I have your brother.” It was Sha’ Kyra Aughtry, a Buffalo resident who had rescued Ivy’s brother, Joey White, amid the deadly winter storm. Joey, then 64, was mentally disabled. Before the storm hit the city, Ivy called Joey and instructed him not to leave his group home where he lives. But as Buffalo’s worst blizzard(暴风雪)in almost 50 years struck the city, Joey ventured outside. It’s unclear what purpose Joey had for leaving home. He braved the snowstorm and walked a considerable distance before finally stopping outside Aughtry’s house, just seven-minute drive from the North Park Theatre, where he had worked as a janitor since 1980. Before the blizzard hit, the theater’s manager had called Joey, telling him not to come to work. However, Joey was used to following a routine, and even during the pandemic when the theater was closed, he had shown up several times. At around 6:30 a.m., Aughtry noticed a man standing helplessly in front of a snowbank from her balcony. He was crying out in pain. Aughtry went downstairs and tried to communicate with him, but he was too frightened to speak, continuing to shout uncontrollably. Aughtry had no choice but to return home and call her husband. Together, they went into the storm once more. After Aughtry spoke to him gently, assuring him he was safe, Joey’s cries softened, and began to calm down. With steady hands and reassuring words, Aughtry and her husband carefully guided him through the snow, step by step, until they finally brought him into the warmth of their home. When they got back home, they carefully examined the poor old man’s condition. Having wandered in the storm, he was totally wet and couldn’t help trembling, his clothes frozen hard, his fingers and toes frozen numb without sensation. It was unclear how the man had managed to walk so far in the blizzard, but it was obvious he was terrified. No matter how they tried to ask him questions, he couldn’t utter a single word. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Para. 1: “We should warm him up fast,” said Aughtry. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Para. 2: “It is a phone number that he said,” one of the boys said. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【佳作展现】      “We should warm him up fast,” said Aughtry. She dashed into the bedroom and grabbed several thick blankets. Her husband, meanwhile, rushed to the kitchen to heat up a cup of milk. They gently laid Joey on the couch and covered him snugly with the blankets. Aughtry sat beside him, stroking his hair and speaking softly. As the warmth seeped in, Joey’s shivering lessened bit by bit. Aughtry’s sons peeked around the corner, their eyes filled with concern and curiosity. One of them summoned up the courage to come closer and offer Joey a small, friendly smile.      “It is a phone number that he said,” one of the boys said. Aughtry’s eyes widened in excitement. She quickly grabbed a notepad and a pen from the table. “Say it again, slowly,” she urged Joey. With great effort, Joey repeated the number. Aughtry dialed the number immediately, her hands shaking slightly. After a few rings, Ivy picked up. Aughtry briefly explained the situation. Ivy’s voice trembled with relief and gratitude on the other end of the line. Within minutes, Ivy arrived at Aughtry’s doorstep. She rushed inside, her eyes brimming with tears. Seeing Joey safe and sound, she let out a sob of joy and hugged him tightly, then turned to Aughtry and her family, thanking them over and over again. 【文本分析】 本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了在圣诞节前夕，一场强烈暴风雪袭击城市，患精神残疾的Joey违背姐姐Ivy的叮嘱外出，在暴风雪中艰难走到Aughtry家门外。Aughtry和丈夫将其带回温暖家中救助，最终通过Joey 含糊说出的电话号码联系上Ivy，使姐弟团聚的故事。 【思路点拨】 1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我们应该尽快让他暖和起来，”奥特里说。可知，第一段可描写Aughtry一家要快速给Joey取暖，续写时可围绕他们具体的取暖行动展开，如找毯子、加热饮品等，以及Joey在温暖过程中的反应，还有Aughtry家人其他的互动。 ②由第二段首句内容“他说的是一个电话号码，”其中一个男孩说。可知，第二段可描写Joey说出电话号码，续写应围绕如何获取这个号码、拨打号码以及后续联系上Ivy的反应和赶来团聚的情节进行。 2. 续写线索：发现 Joey 在暴风雪中—— 救助 Joey——获取关键信息——联系家人—— 团聚感谢 【赏析】 1.词汇激活： 行为类： ①冲：dash/rush ②抓：grab/grasp ③解释：explain/illustrate ④拥抱：hug/embrace 情绪类： ①担心：concern/worry ②快乐：joy/pleasure 2.高分句型 1)Aughtry sat beside him, stroking his hair and speaking softly.（运用了现在分词作伴随状语） 2)As the warmth seeped in, Joey’s shivering lessened bit by bit.（运用 as引导的时间状语从句） 2.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Harry Caine retired from a local power company. After his retirement, he just wanted to do something for his community. One day, he spotted many abandoned bikes, which were gathering dust in the neighbouring garages. “Why not fix them up and give them to those needy?” he thought. So he posted to an online group in his Alaska Homer, offering to fix people’s bikes for free. Soon some neighbors began to donate their abandoned bikes after their kids had outgrown them or adults had upgraded to new models. Then, in Harry’s tidy little garage, he set about working. Its inner walls lined with tools, the garage held a workbench and repair stand. Classic rock music often drifted from its open doors, a sign that Harry was working hard. After Harry’s highly skilled repairs, the donated bikes took on new looks and functioned very well. One Saturday, Harry transported the first batch of six repaired bikes to a nearby food bank, a place that gave food to the poor. He camped out with his Free Bikes sign and waited to see whether the bikes were needed. Five minutes later, a little boy wearing worn-out clothes came up to Harry with a doubtful look, his eyes glued to a blue bike, “Is it really free?” the boy asked. “Yes. If you like it, it’s yours.” Harry answered joyfully. The boy beamed a broad smile. He briskly walked towards the blue bicycle. Then he touched its handle, pressed its bell, and explained how he had dreamed of owning one bicycle. Grinning with delight, Harry watched him pedal away and disappear in the distance. The following 30 minutes saw the remaining bikes ridden away, which gave him a sense of satisfaction. As word of Harry’s project spread, neighbors admirably called him Uncle Harry, and they kept him busy with a steady supply of bikes, helmets and even locks. However, with more abandoned bikes flooding in, Harry had his hands full and the repairing work was more than he could deal with. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Para. 1: Knowing Harry’s situation, a group of volunteers came to help him. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Para. 2: To match each bike with its new owner, Harry gathered their specific needs. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【佳作展现】 Knowing Harry’s situation, a group of volunteers came to help him. They came from all walks of life—students, retirees and even some stay-at-home parents, each eager to lend a hand. They selflessly devoted their time, skills, and knowledge to tackling piles of the donated bikes. Together, they sorted the bikes by size and condition before the repairs. Harry’s garage came alive with energy, filled with laughter and lively conversations as the volunteers worked side by side. With volunteers’ support, Harry was determined to expand the project to more people. And he thought it was necessary to offer each of them a right bike. To match each bike with its new owner, Harry gathered their specific needs. Along with the volunteers, Harry carefully took into account individual preferences, such as bike styles, colors, and sizes, as well as ages, addresses and occupations. With the valuable information, every bike was perfectly tailored to meet the recipients’ needs. Once the bikes were fully repaired, they delivered each bike in person to the recipient’s home, ensuring it was an ideal fit. The recipients were overjoyed, expressing their heartfelt gratitude for the thoughtful gesture. This personalized approach not only warmed their hearts but also strengthened community bonds, fostering a deeper sense of belonging and connecting. 【文本分析】 本文以人物为线索展开，主要讲述了退休老人Harry Caine退休后利用自己的技能免费为社区修理被遗弃的自行车，并将修好的自行车捐赠给有需要的人的故事。 【思路点拨】 1.段落续写 ①由第一段首句内容“得知Harry的情况后，一群志愿者来帮助他。”可知，第一段可描写志愿者们的构成、他们是如何帮助Harry的，包括对自行车进行分类等工作，以及 Harry 在志愿者帮助下的想法和决心。 ②由第二段首句内容“为了让每辆自行车都能匹配到新主人，Harry收集了他们的具体需求。”可知，第二段可描写Harry和志愿者们如何收集并考虑接收者的各种需求，根据需求修理和分配自行车，以及接收者收到自行车后的反应和这个个性化做法带来的积极影响。 2.续写线索：Harry工作量大面临困难——志愿者来帮忙——志愿者和Harry分工合作——Harry决心扩大项目 ——收集接收者需求——按需求分配自行车——收获感激和加强社区联系 【赏析】 1.词汇激活 行为类 ①帮忙：lend a hand/offer help/assist ②处理：tackle/deal with/handle ③考虑：take sth. into account/consider sth./take sth. into consideration 情绪类 ①欢乐的：overjoyed/delighted/elated ②感激：gratitude/appreciation/thankfulness 2.高分句型 1)Harry’s garage came alive with energy, filled with laughter and lively conversations as the volunteers worked side by side.(运用了as引导的时间状语从句) 2)And he thought it was necessary to offer each of them a right bike.(运用了that引导的宾语从句，that被省略) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 读后续写微技能3：续写提分，追求卓越之绘声绘色的细节描写 ①动作描写 人的动作受其思想和性格的影响。在记叙文中作者通过对人物的动作进行具体而细致的描写，能从侧面衬托人物的思想品质和性格特征，表现人物的心理活动，推动故事情节的发展。成功的动作描写能够使读者感受到人物的栩栩如生，充分展示人物的内心世界，将人物形象树立得更加鲜明、完整和立体。进行动作描写时，要注意以下三点： ①要准确：表现一个动作可以利用许多动词，但应恰当利用最准确的动词，刻画对应的动作。 ②有过程：展示人物个性的动作时，应通过细节描写展示出动作的过程，在续写时，应按动作的先后顺序叙述整个过程。 ③用修饰：在描写动作时，可利用各种状语，说明时间、地点、原因、伴随等情况，使动作描写更丰富。 动作描写常用的高分素材 1.“笑”动作描写 ① smile  v.&n.微笑 smile at sb./sth. 对..笑；smile with relief 宽慰地笑；smile sweetly 嫣然一笑；smile from ear to ear 笑得合不拢嘴；give a charming smile 迷人的微笑；crack a bright smile 绽放明亮的笑容；force a smile 强颜欢笑 ②laugh  v.&n. 大笑 laugh a hearty laugh 开怀大笑；laugh behind their hands 用手捂着嘴笑；explode with laughter=roar with laughter哄堂大笑；burst into laughter=burst out laughing突然大笑起来；roars of laughter 大笑 ③grin v.&n. 露齿而笑，咧着嘴笑 grin with delight 高兴的咧嘴而笑；grin from ear to ear 笑得合不拢嘴 ④giggle=chuckle   v.&n.  咯咯笑 giggle at sb/sth 傻笑...；a fit of the giggles 一阵笑声 ⑤mock  v.嘲笑 mock=laugh at=sneer at=make fun of 2.“哭”动作描写 weep-wept 抽泣；sob-sobbed 啜泣；cry 大哭；wail 哀嚎、恸哭；squall v.嚎啕大哭；burst into tears=burst out crying 突然哭起来；fight back tears抑制住泪水；be close to tears 快要哭了；tears roll down/stream down one's cheeks 泪水顺着脸颊淌下来；tears cloud/fill/well up/brim one’s eyes 泪水模糊/溢出双眼；(His face/cheeks) be in tears=be filled with tears=be brimming with tears=be wet with tears 泪流满面；make somebody cry 让某人哭；sob one's heart out  痛彻心扉地哭 3.“说”动作描写 普通的说：①告诉tell sb sth=tell sth to sb ②talk with /to sb about sth ③say=utter She sat on the sofa, saying…. ④chat with sb 和sb聊天 嘟囔，低语：whisper/murmur/mumble（含糊地说）； whisper sth to sb in a low voice 结结巴巴地说：stutter/stammer 问与答：ask询问/answer回答/reply to回复/respond to 回复 喊叫：call/shout/yell/cry out 哭喊/scream尖叫/exclaim惊叫/howl 嚎叫/roar 咆哮 呻吟：moan 哽咽：choke 叹气：sigh 其他的说：add补充说道/ continue继续说道/acknowledge 承认说/explain解释说/ state陈述说/mention 提到说/repeat 重复说/protest抗议说//insist 坚持说/sob哭诉说/complain 抱怨说/agree同意地说/comfort安慰说/persuade 劝说/announce/declare 宣布说/promise/assure 保证说/suggest/advice 建议说 4.“看”动作描写 看：look at sb/sth；see sb/sth doing 看到sb/sth正在做 盯：stare at sb/sth (with his eyes wide open ) （瞪大眼睛）盯着 glare at sb 怒目而视 瞥：glance at sb/sth；glance around 匆匆环视四周；glimpse 一瞥；give a glimpse of sb/sth 注意：notice sb/sth doing 注意到sb/sth正在做 观察：observe；observe carefully/with attention 发现：spot；sb/sth was spotted. 被发现 看见：catch sight of；lose sight of 看不见；sth came into sight. sth进入视野；sth is out of sight/in sight. sth看不见 5.身体部位动作描写 ⑴头部动作描写 ① He hung/dropped/lowered/bowed his head in shame. 他羞愧地低下了头。 ②They nodded their heads in agreement. 他们点头同意。 ③She shook her head in disbelief. 她怀疑地摇摇头。 ④He scratched his head with a shy smile. 他害羞的笑着挠了挠头。 ⑤ He put/held his head in his hands, greatly annoyed.他双手抱头，十分生气。 ⑵脸部动作描写 ① eyes His eyes shone/sparkled/glimmered/glittered/twinkled with+excitement/pride等表示感情色彩的名词 His eyes were wide/grew wide/widened with horror. 他惊恐地瞪大了眼睛。 ②face/cheeks Her face lighted up/brightened with excitement, when... . 当...，他的脸上焕发出了兴奋的光彩。 A bright smile appeared on/spread across/crossed his face. 他的脸上露出了灿烂的笑容。 His face flushed/burned/turned red with embarrassment. 他窘得满脸通红。 He felt his cheeks burning with shame.他因为羞愧而感到脸颊发烧。 He felt the blood rushing to his face. 他感觉到血液上涌。 Her face turned pale with fright. 她吓得脸都变白了。 His face suddenly grew serious. 他的表情突然严肃起来。 His face looked a little confused. 他看起来有点因惑。 He had a slight frown on his face. 他愁眉不展。 He kissed her on both cheeks. 他亲了亲她的脸颊。 ⑶手部动作描写 ①打：pound/punch 猛击；beat连续击打；slap打耳光；tap/pat轻拍 ②抓：seize；grasp；grab；catch/take hold of He grasped the rope with both hands.他双手抓着绳子。 ③够 reach 伸手够； He reached for her hand and held it tightly.  他伸手够她的手并紧紧握住。 She smiled and reach out a hand in welcome. 她笑着伸出一只手表示欢迎。 He reached out a hand and caught hold of/grabbed her arm. 他伸出一只手，抓住她的手臂。 ⑷其他的动作 pull拉；push推；press按压；roll摇；pick up捡；drag拽；pinch捏；wipe擦；rub揉；scratch 挠；hand-in-hand；hold hands 手拉手；spread one’s hand 摊开手；wave one’s hands crazily/madly/wildly 拼命挥手；clap one’s hands拍手；hand sth to sb 把某物递给某人；hold one’s hand 握住某人的手 tremble with fear/excitement害怕地/激动地颤抖 ⑸臂部动作描写 ① stretch one’s arms 伸展双臂 welcome sb. with open arms. 张开双臂欢迎你。 He opened his arms with a broad smile.他咧开嘴，张开双臂。 ②wave one’s arms. 挥舞着手臂。 ③fold/cross one’s arms 双手交叉 He stood there with crossed arms, looking angry.他站在那里，双手交叉抱在胸前，看上去很生气。 She folded her arms and stared at him.她双手交叉，盯着他看。 ④arm in arm 手挽手 They walked along arm in arm.他们手挽手一起走。 ⑤hug/hold/embrace sb in one’s arms 拥抱 He ran up to her and put his arms around her. 他向她跑去，双手抱着她。 He hugged his son into his arms tightly and kissed him. 他紧紧地抱住他的儿子并且吻了他。 ⑹心脏动作描写 ①心跳加速 My heart beat quickly/violently/wildly. 我心跳加速。 My heart raced. 我心跳加速。 My heart began to thump wildly. 我的心开始狂跳起来。 Her heart was pounding with excitement.她的心激动地砰砰直跳 ②心碎 Inside, his heart was slowly breaking. 在内心，他的心在慢慢地碎裂。 ③心融化 His cold heart began to melt slowly. 他冰冷的心开始慢慢融化了。 ④心跳停一拍 Her heart seemed to miss/skip a beat. 我的心跳仿佛停了一下。 This story made my heart skip a beat and brought tears to my eyes. 故事让我的心停跳一拍，然后让我哭。 ⑤心痛 Her words stung my heart. 她的话刺痛了我的心。 With a heavy/sinking/broken heart, she said goodbye to him. 她和他告别，心很沉重/心碎了。 My heart ached when I think of their sorrow. 当我想到他们的悲痛时，我的心很痛。 ⑥其他 He set off with a light heart. 他出发了，心情很轻松。 Just follow your heart and you'll be happy. 听从你的内心，你才会快乐。 Finally, he broke down in tears and poured out his heart to her. 他忍不住痛哭，向她倾诉了他的心声。 ⑺腿部动作描写 ①走 creep/sneak up the stairs 蹑手蹑脚地上楼；creep up on... 悄悄靠近...；slip into/out of 悄悄溜进/溜出 slip/sneak into/out of ... 溜进/出... skip 蹦蹦跳跳地走 wander/stroll around...=hang out 在...闲逛 make one’s way through the crowd toward... 穿过人群向...走来 walk with a limp 一瘸一拐地走 pace up and down 踱来踱去 tiptoe to... 踮脚走 ②跑 rush/dash to 冲向 rush/dash/hurry like the wind 像风一样奔跑 jog 慢跑 flee/escape 逃跑 ③站 stagger to one’s feet 摇摇晃晃站起身 stand rooted to the spot 站在原地不动 stand still 站着不动 rise to one’s feet站起来 struggle to one’s feet 挣扎着站起来 tap/stamp one’s feet 跺脚 ④爬 creep-crept v.爬行 crawl-crawled v.匍匐前行 ⑤跳 bounce up and down 上蹿下跳 stamp one’s feet 跺脚 jump with joy/delight/excitement jump to one’s feet 一跃而起 ⑥坐 sink/collapse into one’s seat 瘫坐 sit still 静静地坐着 ⑦他 He bent down. 他弯下腰。 lean against..倚靠 ②心理描写 心理描写可以揭示人物的内心世界，表达人物的性格、特点、感情和思想等。有直接描写和间接描写之分。直接描写主要是通过内心独白的方式来直接展现人物的想法，而间接描写是结合环境描写、动作描写等方式侧面表现人物的内心活动。 在用英语进行人物活动刻画时，应该注重表现方式的多样化，避免重复使用“feel/think/sense”等词汇，以免给人以语言刻板、僵硬的印象。 心理描写的高分素材 1.词汇&搭配 ⑴高兴的：happy=pleased=delighted=overjoyed; be in good mood=be in high spirits 激动的：excited=thrilled; with joy/excitement ⑵害怕的：(人)afraid=scared=frightened=terrified=fearful=alarmed; be full of horror=with fear 恐慌的：panicked, be in panic ⑶感动感激的：(人)moved=touched, be grateful to sb for sth, appreciate(v.), gratitude(n.) ⑷紧张焦虑的：nervous, worried, anxious, stressed; be concerned about=be worried about=be anxious about ⑸宽慰镇静的：relaxed, relieved, calmly, be in relief, feel a sense of relief ⑹悲伤失望的：sad=unhappy=upset=heartbroken, be in bad mood=be in low spirits, in sorrow disappointed, discouraged, frustrated, depressed, desperate, hopeless (n.)sorrow=grief; ⑺生气愤怒的：anger=annoyed ⑻尴尬的：(人)embarrassed, (物)awkward, be in a dilemma 困惑的：puzzled=confused ⑼后悔内疚的：regreted=ashamed=guilty ⑽惊讶震惊的：surprised=amazed=astonished=shocked 2.句型句式 ⑴高兴激动的： ①Her eyes twinkled with excitement. 她的眼睛里闪烁着兴奋的光芒。 ②I was so excited that my eyes danced with joy and sweetness. 我如此的兴奋以至于眼睛里跳动着开心与甜蜜。 ③Tears of joy flooded her eyes. 喜悦的泪水涌上眼眶。 ④ Smile on her face shone(shine) like a diamond. 她脸上的微笑像钻石一样闪闪发光。 ⑤His face lit(light) up with pleasure, when... . 当...时，他笑逐颜开。 ⑥After hearing this, he smiled from ear to ear. 听到这个后，他笑得合不拢嘴。 ⑦ She cheered and jumped with joy/joyfully. 她高兴得又欢呼又跳。 ⑧Her heart was full of excitement, as a deer jumping with joy. 她满心激动，像有只小鹿在心里跳跃。 ⑵恐惧害怕的： ①I felt so scared that my throat tightened and my knees/legs felt weak. 我如此害怕以至于嗓子发紧，膝盖/腿发软。 ②I felt so frightened that my face turned pale and my palms were sweating. 我如此害怕以至于脸色变得苍白，手心出汗。 ③I was seized by a strong sense of horror and couldn’t help shaking/trembling. 我被深深地恐惧感所控制，情不自禁地哭了起来。 ④I froze with terror, too scared to move an inch. 我吓呆了，一动不敢动。 ⑤My heart seemed to jump out of my throat, my legs were too weak to stand, and I almost fell down several times. 我的心像是要从喉咙口蹦出来，腿软得几乎站不住，好几次差点摔倒。 ⑥My heart was beating violently/wildly/rapidly and shook/trembled with fear.我心跳加快,吓得瑟瑟发抖。 ⑶感动感激的： ①She was deeply moved/greatly touched, tears clouding/flooding/filling her eyes. 她被深深地感动了，泪水模糊了双眼。 ②Touched deeply, I walked closer to hug them tightly. 我被深深地感动了，走近紧紧地拥抱他们。 ③Tears filling her eyes, she offered/expressed her heartfelt gratitude. 她热泪盈眶，表达了由衷的感激。 ⑷紧张焦虑的： ①I felt so nervous that my mind went blank. 我太紧张了，脑子一片空白。 ②I felt so anxious that my palms were sweating. 我感到非常紧张，手心都在冒汗。 ③I was so nervous that my heart beat wildly. 我太紧张了，心跳得很厉害。 ⑸宽慰镇静的： ①He had a relieved smile on his serious face. 他严肃的脸上露出如释重负的笑容。 ②He breathed a sigh of relief when ... . 当...时，他如释重负地松了一口气。 ③He took a deep breath, desperately trying to keep calm.  他深深地吸了口气，拼命保持镇定。 ⑹悲伤失望的： ①I couldn't help crying bitterly. 我禁不住痛哭起来。 ②He was so sad, with tears rolling down/streaming down/welling up his cheeks. 他如此难过，眼泪顺着脸颊流了下来。 ③Her heart ached, tears clouding/filling/flooding her eyes. 她的心在痛，热泪盈眶。 ④She sobbed/wept(weep)/cried, hiding her face in her hands. 她掩面啜泣/哭泣/大哭。 ⑤Grief came in waves and I broke down emotionally. 悲伤如潮水一般涌来，我情绪崩溃了。 ⑥My heart sank into hopelessness/desperation. 我心沉入绝望之中。 ⑦My heart seemed to be torn(tear). 我的心似乎被撕裂了。 ⑧Great sorrow clouded/flooded/filled his eyes and he hung his head in sadness. 他满眼忧伤，伤心地低下了头。 ⑺生气愤怒的： ① He stared at/glared at me with burning eyes. 他用灼热的目光怒视着我。 ②He stare at//glared at sb in anger. 他怒目而视。 ③His face turned red with anger. 他气得满脸通红。 ⑻尴尬困惑的： ① My heart began to race and my mind went blank. 我心跳开始加速，脑子里一片空白。 ②He felt as if the whole world was watching him, and his heart beat wildly/rapidly with embarrassment. 他觉得整个世界都在看着他，他因为窘迫而心跳加速。 ③She felt so embarrassed that her face turned red and glared at us silently. 她感到很尴尬，她的脸变红了，默默地瞪着我们。 ④Her face turned pale and stood there tongue-tied, speechlessly. 她脸色苍白地站在那里，舌头打结，哑口无言。 ⑼后悔内疚的： ①She felt so ashamed that she could feel her face burning. 她如此羞愧，以至于觉得自己的脸在发烧。 ②She felt so guilty that she could feel the blood rushing to her face. 她如此羞愧，以至于感觉血液往脸上涌。 ③ So ashamed did she feel that she was close to tears. 她羞愧得几乎要哭出来了。 ⑽惊讶震惊的： ① The shock of the ... took my breath away. ...的震惊使我喘不过气来。 ②He stood still with shock. 他呆若木鸡。 ③ She stared at him, frozen with astonishment.  她惊呆了，直瞪着他。 ④ I'm shocked beyond words.  我的震惊之情难以言表。 ③外貌性格描写 进行外貌描写时，可写对一个人的总体印象，也可以抓住人物重要的外貌特征或性格特点进行描述。如攻略3例题原文中第一段对妈妈性格的描写，采用了loving, sweet, absentminded和forgetful等形容词，使一个可爱又健忘的妈妈的形象跃然纸上。可以具体描述人物的五官、着装等。在描写人物片段时，可写你对人物印象最深的一两点，再加上一两句人物评价。 外貌与性格描写的高分素材 1.外貌描写 (1) 她圆圆的脸上有一双蓝色的眼睛，还有两个可爱的酒窝。 ①On her round face are a pair of blue eyes and lovely dimples. (倒装句型) ②She is a girl with a pair of blue eyes and lovely dimples on her round face. (with引导的介宾结构作后置定语，补充说明人物信息) (2)李老师三十多岁，身材适中，常梳着马尾辫。 ①Miss Li is in her thirties with a medium build and has her hair in a ponytail. (由and连接的并列句；with短语用作状语，表示伴随状态) ②Miss Li is a mediumsized woman in her thirties who often wears/ties her hair in a ponytail. (定语从句补充介绍人物特征) ③Miss Li, in her thirties, is of medium size, and often has her hair tied in a ponytail. (“be of ＋ adj. ＋ n．”结构表示人或物具有某种特征。常用的名词有：size, height, weight, build, age, shape等) 2.性格描写 ①Such is Ms. Han, an easygoing, kind and warmhearted woman.韩老师是一个随和善良又热心肠的女人。 ②Though he comes from a poor family, he is a person of great determination and courage.他虽出身贫寒，但拥有坚强的意志和勇气。 ④环境描写 环境描写就是对故事中人物展开活动的场所背景进行的描写。通过对环境的描写，起到融情与景的效果。能够向读者交待故事的背景，衬托人物，渲染气氛，从而推动情节发展。过环境描写向读者间接的表达着故事中主人公的内心情感变化。环境描写可以从客观和主观两个角度展开：客观为从环境事物本身入手展开描写；主观则从观察者角度描写入手。通常在描写时主客观交替进行。 环境描写的高分素材 词性描写 1.动词及动词短语 ⑴对风的描述：blow 刮；roar/howl 怒号/咆哮；roar 呼啸；whip 鞭打；kiss 亲吻 ⑵对雨的描述：beat against 拍打；pour down 倾盆而下；fall 落下；rain cats and dogs 下倾盆大雨； be caught in the rain 被雨淋 ⑶对雪的描述：dance 跳舞；float/ fall 飘落；melt away 融化；blanket 裹住；be covered with被...覆盖 ⑷对星星的描述：shine 发光；twinkle 闪耀；glitter 闪烁；decorate 装饰；hide 躲藏 be dotted with 点缀着 ⑸对太阳的描述：come out 出来；rise 升起；set 落下；be bathed in 沐浴在；flood in 照射进来；sweat like a pig（汗流浃背） 2.形容词及形容词短语 ⑴对风雨的描述：gentle/soft 轻柔的；warm 温暖的；pleasant 令人愉悦的；howling 呼啸的； icy/freezing 冰冷的；strong/ violent 猛烈的；bone-chilling 刺骨的；dreadful可怕的 ⑵对雪的描述：feathery 鹅毛般的；tiny 极小的；pure 纯洁的；clean 干净的 ⑶对星星的描述：lovely 可爱的；shining/glowing 亮闪闪的；pale/faint 暗淡的；starless 没有星星的 ⑷对太阳的描述：warm温暖的；burning 火辣辣的；hot 炙热；melt 融化 3.名词及及名词短语 the blue sky 蓝天；the rising sun 冉冉升起的太阳；the setting sun 落日； the fragrant flowers/rose 芬香的花/玫瑰；the green grass 青草；the song of the birds 鸟鸣； heavy rain 大雨；a heavy downpour 大暴雨 顺序描写 1.时间顺序 ⑴黎明、清晨 ①It was as if night and day had become one beautiful moment. Dawn had come. 仿佛黑夜和白昼已成为一个美丽的时刻。黎明已经来临。 ②The sun began to rise in the sky, bathing the mountain in golden light.太阳开始缓缓升起，把山沐浴在金光之中。（沐浴 bath sth. in） ③ Bird song welcomes in a new day, sweet chorus came through the branches, flowing into the surrounding countryside like a great river of music.鸟鸣中迎来了新的一天，悦耳的合唱声穿过树枝，像一条流动的音乐之河流入周围的乡村。 ⑵中午 ①The sun was at its highest. The heat beat down on my head as if I was bacon under the grill. 太阳处于最高点，热浪击打在我的头上，我好像烤架下的熏肉一样。 ②In this heat, even the trees appeared defeated, with leaves drooping lifelessly. 在这种炎热的天气里，连树木都显得萎靡不振，树叶都毫无生气地垂落着。 ⑶黄昏、日落 ①The sunset looks like orange paint on a blue canvas.日落看起来像蓝色画布上的橙色颜料。 ②The setting sun cast an orange glow over the mountains. 夕阳在山上投下橙色的光辉。 ⑷夜晚 ①The moon was held up above the sky, shining her smooth and charming moonlight.月亮被高举在天空的上方，闪耀着她光滑而迷人的月光。 ②Twinkling stars were blinking, and fragrant breeze was gently blowing.闪烁的星星眨着眼，芬芳的微风轻轻地吹着。 ③The moon surrounded by bright stars lit up the dark night. 月亮被明亮的星星围绕着，照亮了漆黑的夜晚。 ④The endless blackness consumed/swallowed up everything.无尽的黑暗吞噬了一切。 Everything had been swallowed up by the darkness.—切都被黑暗所吞噬。 ⑤Dotted with glittering stars, the sky gave the scene a fairy tale quality. 点缀着闪烁的星星的天空给这一场景赋予了童话般的色彩。 ⑥The night brought endless darkness, burying the world under a starless sky. The temperature dropped and nowhere was there a comforting sound.夜带来无尽的黑暗，把世界埋在没有星星的天空下。气温下降了，哪儿也听不到舒适的声音。 2.意象顺序 ⑴太阳 ①When I was bathed in the sunlight, it felt like the amber-like sunshine was kissing every inch of my skin.我沐浴在阳光下，琥珀色的阳光亲吻着我每寸肌肤。 ②Flowers were starting to bloom, waking up after a long winter’s sleep. The garden looked so beautiful with the setting sun reflected in the windows.花儿经过漫长的冬眠期后开始盛开, 落日映照在窗户上让院子显得格外美. ③The sun shone on the sea, the waves dancing and sparkling.太阳照耀在海面上，波浪起舞，闪闪发光。 ④Rays of sunlight filtered through the tree branches/leaves.阳光穿过树林/树叶。 ⑤Bathed in the golden sunlight, the sea rippled and sparkled charmingly. 大海沐浴在金色的阳光下，荡漾着迷人的波光。 ⑵星月 ①Twinkling stars were blinking, and fragrant breeze gently stroked my head, as if comforting all the tiredness along the trip.星星在闪烁，芬芳的微风轻轻地抚摸我的头，仿佛在安慰我一路的疲惫。 ②The sky is dotted with numerous twinkling stars.天空中点缀着无数闪烁的星星。 ③The moon lit up the cloudless sky and cast a beam of light on the surface of the river, which glittered like millions of stars. 月亮照亮了万里无云的天空，并且在河面上投下了一束光，像百万颗星星一样闪烁着。 ④The moon appeared for a moment and seemed to throw me a misty and dull glance,and buried herself again instantly in thick cloud.月亮出现了一会儿，似乎向我投来了朦胧而暗淡的一瞥，随即又埋没在厚厚的云层里。 ⑶雨 ① Rain and tears mixed together on my face. Only my swollen eyes gave any clue to my sadness. 雨水和泪水交织在一起，只有我的红肿的眼睛能暗示出我内心的悲伤。 3.地点顺序 ⑴山海 ①I looked out of the window, winding rivers, lofty mountains, sunny beaches and deep valleys holding me entirely in their fascination.我望向窗外，蜿艇的河流，高耸的山脉，阳光明媚的海滩和深深的山谷，让我完全沉浸在它们的魅力之中。 ⑵荒野 ①Surrounded by strange sounds of wild beasts and endless darkness, Jane was full of regret and despair.被野兽奇怪的声音和无尽的黑暗包围着，Jane充满了悔恨和绝望。 4.氛围顺序 ⑴安静祥和的环境 ①Standing on the empty road, they looked up into the sky, feeling the precious peace from the bottom of heart.站在空旷的道路上，他们抬头仰望天空，从心底感受到珍贵的平和。 ②They hugged each other tightly in the warm light of the setting sun and burst into tears excitedly.他们在落日余晖中紧紧相拥，并且激动得哭了起来。 ③In an instant, everything had suddenly gone quiet. Birds didn’t chirp, leaves didn’t rustle and insects didn’t sing. A feeling of stillness crept up on me.刹那间，万物都突然寂静无声，鸟儿不再歌唱，树叶不再沙沙作响，昆虫也停止了欢唱。一种寂静的感觉悄悄向我袭来。 ④At midnight the sky became clearer and the stars grew brighter. There was little wind, only the flames of our fire crackled. It was so silent. As I was lying beneath the stars, I thought about how far we had already travelled.午夜时分，天空变得更清晰了，星星也更亮了。风很小，只有我们火焰噼啪作响。太安静了。我躺在星空下，想着我们已经走了多远。 ⑤At dusk, we gathered around with other campers, exchanging yummy snacks with each other in the company of fire. Our hearty laughter rang through the fields.黄昏时分，我们和其他露营者聚一起，在火的陪伴下互相交换美味的零食。我们的欢声笑语响彻田野。 ⑵凄惨悲凉的环境 ①She sat on the damp grass and stared up at the pale stars in the vast sky, with tears rolling down her dirty face. The bone-chilling wind forced her to curl up. 她坐在潮湿的草地上，抬头望着广阔的天空中暗淡的星星，泪水从她肮脏的脸上滚落下来。刺骨的寒风迫使她蜷缩起来。 ⑶风雨交加的环境 ①The wind was howling horribly and the rain was pouring down, flapping against the trees. 风可怕地怒吼着，大雨倾盆而下，拍打着树枝。 ②I was seized with the roaring power of nature. A sense of horror creeping up on me. 我被自然发怒的力量抓住了。一种恐惧感悄悄爬到我身上。 ③ Outside, the winds blew the trees and beat against the house, which made people unable to open their eyes.外面，风吹着树，拍打着房子，使人们无法睁开眼睛。 ④It was raining cats and dogs yesterday after when school was over and I was all wet when I got home.昨天放学的时候在下着倾盆大雨，我到家时全身都湿了。 ⑤There was a heavy downpour. Unfortunately, Tom was caught in the heavy rain.下了大暴雨，真不幸，汤姆在暴雨中被淋成了落汤鸡。 ⑥The weather in summer is unpredictable. Just now, it was sunny. In a flash, lightning and thunder broke out, and the storm began to rain.夏天的天气真是变幻莫测。刚才还是晴空万里，一霎时就电闪雷鸣，开始了狂风暴雨。 ⑦On that dark and stormy night, the waves were crashing and the winds were howling. 在那个黑暗的暴风雨的夜晚，海浪拍打，狂风呼啸。 ⑷炙热严寒的环境 ①The weather was so hot that there was no wind, and the thick air seemed to be frozen.天气闷热得要命，一丝风也没有，稠乎乎的空气好像凝住了。 ②It’s hot enough to melt everything. I can hardly breathe and hope it will be cooler soon.现在热得足以把所有东西融化，我都没法呼吸了，希望很快能够凉快一点。 ③This weather is terrible. I am sweating like a pig, although I’m not doing anything.  天热得吓人，虽然我什么都没做，但还是汗流浃背。 ④ The wind was so bone-chilling that I can’t stop shivering from the cold.寒风如此刺骨以至于我冷得不停打哆嗦。（刺骨的 bone-chilling） ⑤It was a chilly winter night, the moon shining brightly and the snow blanketing the ground.那是一个寒冷的冬夜，月亮明亮地照耀着，雪覆盖着大地。（覆盖v. blanket） ⑸模糊神秘的环境 ①The wind was blowing and the mist was getting thicker, covering everything into an unclear mystery.风在吹，雾越来越浓，一切都笼罩在一种模糊的神秘中。 【举一反三】 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段使之构成一篇完整的短文。 In a small and dusty village in England, there lived a young man named Tom Harper. His clothes were old and torn, and his shoes had holes that let in the rain. Tom lived in a tiny room above a noisy cafe, where he worked washing dishes for a few coins each day. Life was hard, but Tom had a dream: he wanted to own a bakery, filling the streets with the warm smell of fresh bread. Tom’s parents passed away when he was young, leaving him with nothing but a kind heart and a strong will. Every night, after cleaning the cafe’s pots, he sat by a flickering candle and read books about baking. He borrowed these books from Mrs. Green, the village librarian, who saw something special in Tom’s bright eyes. One day, a poster appeared in the village square. It announced a baking competition in London, with a grand prize of £10,000. Tom’s heart raced. This could be his chance! But the journey to London cost money, and Tom had none. He worked extra hours, saved every penny, and even sold his only coat to buy a train ticket. When the day came, Tom boarded the train with a small bag and a nervous smile. In London, the competition was held in a huge hall filled with the best bakers from across England. Tom felt small among them. He had no fancy tools, just an old wooden spoon and a recipe he’d created himself, a soft, golden loaf with herbs from the village fields. His hands shook as he mixed flour, water, and yeast (酵母). The shake resulted from not just his nervousness, but also the coldness. After what seemed to be a century, Tom finally completed his herb loaf. All the baked bread and cakes were presented to the judges. The judges tasted them carefully. Hours passed, and Tom’s stomach twisted with worry. It seemed hard for him to make it through the announcement of the winner, both psychologically and physically. Before the judges announced the winner, Tom’s eyes accidentally met a familiar figure’s eyes — Mrs. Green was among the audience! 注意: 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Para. 1: Mrs. Green was holding a coat and waving her hands at Tom. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Para. 2: With the prize money, Tom opened a small bakery in his village. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was a typical busy noon at the downtown fast-food spot. The smell of sizzling patties and crispy fries lingered (弥漫) in the air, and the place was packed with folks rushing to grab a quick meal. I’d just gotten off a long morning at work, and my stomach was empty as I finally reached the front of the line and got my order-a burger, fries, and a cold drink. As I set the tray (托盘) down on a small table by the window, I glanced over and saw two firefighters in the corner. Their uniforms were heavy with faint spots, like they’d just stepped away from a smoky scene, and their boots still held a hint of damp from the morning dew. They stood in the back of the line, shoulders relaxed but eyes tired. I was just about to pick up my burger-the cheese melted perfectly-when a loud, sharp siren (警报) cut through the noise of the restaurant. The two firefighters froze for half a second, and then moved. No hesitation, no exchange of words — just muscle memory. One grabbed his helmet off the nearby counter, the other adjusted his radio on his shoulder, and they turned toward the door, their steps quickening. I watched them go, and my fork paused mid-air. My empty stomach served as a quiet reminder of how long I’d waited for this meal. I’d stood in that line for 15 minutes, my feet aching from the morning’s work. Giving them my lunch meant I would have to wait again-maybe another line, maybe my break slipping away faster. I bit my lip, staring at the tray. Then I thought of their uniforms, the spots, the way they’d act upon hearing the siren like it was a call they couldn’t ignore. They didn’t get to pause for a meal when emergencies hit. They’d probably go hours without eating, running from one call to the next. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Para. 1: My hesitation melted away. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Para. 2: I went back to the counter, only to find the manager was waiting for me. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 读后续写微技能3：续写提分，追求卓越之绘声绘色的细节描写 ①动作描写 人的动作受其思想和性格的影响。在记叙文中作者通过对人物的动作进行具体而细致的描写，能从侧面衬托人物的思想品质和性格特征，表现人物的心理活动，推动故事情节的发展。成功的动作描写能够使读者感受到人物的栩栩如生，充分展示人物的内心世界，将人物形象树立得更加鲜明、完整和立体。进行动作描写时，要注意以下三点： ①要准确：表现一个动作可以利用许多动词，但应恰当利用最准确的动词，刻画对应的动作。 ②有过程：展示人物个性的动作时，应通过细节描写展示出动作的过程，在续写时，应按动作的先后顺序叙述整个过程。 ③用修饰：在描写动作时，可利用各种状语，说明时间、地点、原因、伴随等情况，使动作描写更丰富。 动作描写常用的高分素材 1.“笑”动作描写 ① smile  v.&n.微笑 smile at sb./sth. 对..笑；smile with relief 宽慰地笑；smile sweetly 嫣然一笑；smile from ear to ear 笑得合不拢嘴；give a charming smile 迷人的微笑；crack a bright smile 绽放明亮的笑容；force a smile 强颜欢笑 ②laugh  v.&n. 大笑 laugh a hearty laugh 开怀大笑；laugh behind their hands 用手捂着嘴笑；explode with laughter=roar with laughter哄堂大笑；burst into laughter=burst out laughing突然大笑起来；roars of laughter 大笑 ③grin v.&n. 露齿而笑，咧着嘴笑 grin with delight 高兴的咧嘴而笑；grin from ear to ear 笑得合不拢嘴 ④giggle=chuckle   v.&n.  咯咯笑 giggle at sb/sth 傻笑...；a fit of the giggles 一阵笑声 ⑤mock  v.嘲笑 mock=laugh at=sneer at=make fun of 2.“哭”动作描写 weep-wept 抽泣；sob-sobbed 啜泣；cry 大哭；wail 哀嚎、恸哭；squall v.嚎啕大哭；burst into tears=burst out crying 突然哭起来；fight back tears抑制住泪水；be close to tears 快要哭了；tears roll down/stream down one's cheeks 泪水顺着脸颊淌下来；tears cloud/fill/well up/brim one’s eyes 泪水模糊/溢出双眼；(His face/cheeks) be in tears=be filled with tears=be brimming with tears=be wet with tears 泪流满面；make somebody cry 让某人哭；sob one's heart out  痛彻心扉地哭 3.“说”动作描写 普通的说：①告诉tell sb sth=tell sth to sb ②talk with /to sb about sth ③say=utter She sat on the sofa, saying…. ④chat with sb 和sb聊天 嘟囔，低语：whisper/murmur/mumble（含糊地说）； whisper sth to sb in a low voice 结结巴巴地说：stutter/stammer 问与答：ask询问/answer回答/reply to回复/respond to 回复 喊叫：call/shout/yell/cry out 哭喊/scream尖叫/exclaim惊叫/howl 嚎叫/roar 咆哮 呻吟：moan 哽咽：choke 叹气：sigh 其他的说：add补充说道/ continue继续说道/acknowledge 承认说/explain解释说/ state陈述说/mention 提到说/repeat 重复说/protest抗议说//insist 坚持说/sob哭诉说/complain 抱怨说/agree同意地说/comfort安慰说/persuade 劝说/announce/declare 宣布说/promise/assure 保证说/suggest/advice 建议说 4.“看”动作描写 看：look at sb/sth；see sb/sth doing 看到sb/sth正在做 盯：stare at sb/sth (with his eyes wide open ) （瞪大眼睛）盯着 glare at sb 怒目而视 瞥：glance at sb/sth；glance around 匆匆环视四周；glimpse 一瞥；give a glimpse of sb/sth 注意：notice sb/sth doing 注意到sb/sth正在做 观察：observe；observe carefully/with attention 发现：spot；sb/sth was spotted. 被发现 看见：catch sight of；lose sight of 看不见；sth came into sight. sth进入视野；sth is out of sight/in sight. sth看不见 5.身体部位动作描写 ⑴头部动作描写 ① He hung/dropped/lowered/bowed his head in shame. 他羞愧地低下了头。 ②They nodded their heads in agreement. 他们点头同意。 ③She shook her head in disbelief. 她怀疑地摇摇头。 ④He scratched his head with a shy smile. 他害羞的笑着挠了挠头。 ⑤ He put/held his head in his hands, greatly annoyed.他双手抱头，十分生气。 ⑵脸部动作描写 ① eyes His eyes shone/sparkled/glimmered/glittered/twinkled with+excitement/pride等表示感情色彩的名词 His eyes were wide/grew wide/widened with horror. 他惊恐地瞪大了眼睛。 ②face/cheeks Her face lighted up/brightened with excitement, when... . 当...，他的脸上焕发出了兴奋的光彩。 A bright smile appeared on/spread across/crossed his face. 他的脸上露出了灿烂的笑容。 His face flushed/burned/turned red with embarrassment. 他窘得满脸通红。 He felt his cheeks burning with shame.他因为羞愧而感到脸颊发烧。 He felt the blood rushing to his face. 他感觉到血液上涌。 Her face turned pale with fright. 她吓得脸都变白了。 His face suddenly grew serious. 他的表情突然严肃起来。 His face looked a little confused. 他看起来有点因惑。 He had a slight frown on his face. 他愁眉不展。 He kissed her on both cheeks. 他亲了亲她的脸颊。 ⑶手部动作描写 ①打：pound/punch 猛击；beat连续击打；slap打耳光；tap/pat轻拍 ②抓：seize；grasp；grab；catch/take hold of He grasped the rope with both hands.他双手抓着绳子。 ③够 reach 伸手够； He reached for her hand and held it tightly.  他伸手够她的手并紧紧握住。 She smiled and reach out a hand in welcome. 她笑着伸出一只手表示欢迎。 He reached out a hand and caught hold of/grabbed her arm. 他伸出一只手，抓住她的手臂。 ⑷其他的动作 pull拉；push推；press按压；roll摇；pick up捡；drag拽；pinch捏；wipe擦；rub揉；scratch 挠；hand-in-hand；hold hands 手拉手；spread one’s hand 摊开手；wave one’s hands crazily/madly/wildly 拼命挥手；clap one’s hands拍手；hand sth to sb 把某物递给某人；hold one’s hand 握住某人的手 tremble with fear/excitement害怕地/激动地颤抖 ⑸臂部动作描写 ① stretch one’s arms 伸展双臂 welcome sb. with open arms. 张开双臂欢迎你。 He opened his arms with a broad smile.他咧开嘴，张开双臂。 ②wave one’s arms. 挥舞着手臂。 ③fold/cross one’s arms 双手交叉 He stood there with crossed arms, looking angry.他站在那里，双手交叉抱在胸前，看上去很生气。 She folded her arms and stared at him.她双手交叉，盯着他看。 ④arm in arm 手挽手 They walked along arm in arm.他们手挽手一起走。 ⑤hug/hold/embrace sb in one’s arms 拥抱 He ran up to her and put his arms around her. 他向她跑去，双手抱着她。 He hugged his son into his arms tightly and kissed him. 他紧紧地抱住他的儿子并且吻了他。 ⑹心脏动作描写 ①心跳加速 My heart beat quickly/violently/wildly. 我心跳加速。 My heart raced. 我心跳加速。 My heart began to thump wildly. 我的心开始狂跳起来。 Her heart was pounding with excitement.她的心激动地砰砰直跳 ②心碎 Inside, his heart was slowly breaking. 在内心，他的心在慢慢地碎裂。 ③心融化 His cold heart began to melt slowly. 他冰冷的心开始慢慢融化了。 ④心跳停一拍 Her heart seemed to miss/skip a beat. 我的心跳仿佛停了一下。 This story made my heart skip a beat and brought tears to my eyes. 故事让我的心停跳一拍，然后让我哭。 ⑤心痛 Her words stung my heart. 她的话刺痛了我的心。 With a heavy/sinking/broken heart, she said goodbye to him. 她和他告别，心很沉重/心碎了。 My heart ached when I think of their sorrow. 当我想到他们的悲痛时，我的心很痛。 ⑥其他 He set off with a light heart. 他出发了，心情很轻松。 Just follow your heart and you'll be happy. 听从你的内心，你才会快乐。 Finally, he broke down in tears and poured out his heart to her. 他忍不住痛哭，向她倾诉了他的心声。 ⑺腿部动作描写 ①走 creep/sneak up the stairs 蹑手蹑脚地上楼；creep up on... 悄悄靠近...；slip into/out of 悄悄溜进/溜出 slip/sneak into/out of ... 溜进/出... skip 蹦蹦跳跳地走 wander/stroll around...=hang out 在...闲逛 make one’s way through the crowd toward... 穿过人群向...走来 walk with a limp 一瘸一拐地走 pace up and down 踱来踱去 tiptoe to... 踮脚走 ②跑 rush/dash to 冲向 rush/dash/hurry like the wind 像风一样奔跑 jog 慢跑 flee/escape 逃跑 ③站 stagger to one’s feet 摇摇晃晃站起身 stand rooted to the spot 站在原地不动 stand still 站着不动 rise to one’s feet站起来 struggle to one’s feet 挣扎着站起来 tap/stamp one’s feet 跺脚 ④爬 creep-crept v.爬行 crawl-crawled v.匍匐前行 ⑤跳 bounce up and down 上蹿下跳 stamp one’s feet 跺脚 jump with joy/delight/excitement jump to one’s feet 一跃而起 ⑥坐 sink/collapse into one’s seat 瘫坐 sit still 静静地坐着 ⑦他 He bent down. 他弯下腰。 lean against..倚靠 ②心理描写 心理描写可以揭示人物的内心世界，表达人物的性格、特点、感情和思想等。有直接描写和间接描写之分。直接描写主要是通过内心独白的方式来直接展现人物的想法，而间接描写是结合环境描写、动作描写等方式侧面表现人物的内心活动。 在用英语进行人物活动刻画时，应该注重表现方式的多样化，避免重复使用“feel/think/sense”等词汇，以免给人以语言刻板、僵硬的印象。 心理描写的高分素材 1.词汇&搭配 ⑴高兴的：happy=pleased=delighted=overjoyed; be in good mood=be in high spirits 激动的：excited=thrilled; with joy/excitement ⑵害怕的：(人)afraid=scared=frightened=terrified=fearful=alarmed; be full of horror=with fear 恐慌的：panicked, be in panic ⑶感动感激的：(人)moved=touched, be grateful to sb for sth, appreciate(v.), gratitude(n.) ⑷紧张焦虑的：nervous, worried, anxious, stressed; be concerned about=be worried about=be anxious about ⑸宽慰镇静的：relaxed, relieved, calmly, be in relief, feel a sense of relief ⑹悲伤失望的：sad=unhappy=upset=heartbroken, be in bad mood=be in low spirits, in sorrow disappointed, discouraged, frustrated, depressed, desperate, hopeless (n.)sorrow=grief; ⑺生气愤怒的：anger=annoyed ⑻尴尬的：(人)embarrassed, (物)awkward, be in a dilemma 困惑的：puzzled=confused ⑼后悔内疚的：regreted=ashamed=guilty ⑽惊讶震惊的：surprised=amazed=astonished=shocked 2.句型句式 ⑴高兴激动的： ①Her eyes twinkled with excitement. 她的眼睛里闪烁着兴奋的光芒。 ②I was so excited that my eyes danced with joy and sweetness. 我如此的兴奋以至于眼睛里跳动着开心与甜蜜。 ③Tears of joy flooded her eyes. 喜悦的泪水涌上眼眶。 ④ Smile on her face shone(shine) like a diamond. 她脸上的微笑像钻石一样闪闪发光。 ⑤His face lit(light) up with pleasure, when... . 当...时，他笑逐颜开。 ⑥After hearing this, he smiled from ear to ear. 听到这个后，他笑得合不拢嘴。 ⑦ She cheered and jumped with joy/joyfully. 她高兴得又欢呼又跳。 ⑧Her heart was full of excitement, as a deer jumping with joy. 她满心激动，像有只小鹿在心里跳跃。 ⑵恐惧害怕的： ①I felt so scared that my throat tightened and my knees/legs felt weak. 我如此害怕以至于嗓子发紧，膝盖/腿发软。 ②I felt so frightened that my face turned pale and my palms were sweating. 我如此害怕以至于脸色变得苍白，手心出汗。 ③I was seized by a strong sense of horror and couldn’t help shaking/trembling. 我被深深地恐惧感所控制，情不自禁地哭了起来。 ④I froze with terror, too scared to move an inch. 我吓呆了，一动不敢动。 ⑤My heart seemed to jump out of my throat, my legs were too weak to stand, and I almost fell down several times. 我的心像是要从喉咙口蹦出来，腿软得几乎站不住，好几次差点摔倒。 ⑥My heart was beating violently/wildly/rapidly and shook/trembled with fear.我心跳加快,吓得瑟瑟发抖。 ⑶感动感激的： ①She was deeply moved/greatly touched, tears clouding/flooding/filling her eyes. 她被深深地感动了，泪水模糊了双眼。 ②Touched deeply, I walked closer to hug them tightly. 我被深深地感动了，走近紧紧地拥抱他们。 ③Tears filling her eyes, she offered/expressed her heartfelt gratitude. 她热泪盈眶，表达了由衷的感激。 ⑷紧张焦虑的： ①I felt so nervous that my mind went blank. 我太紧张了，脑子一片空白。 ②I felt so anxious that my palms were sweating. 我感到非常紧张，手心都在冒汗。 ③I was so nervous that my heart beat wildly. 我太紧张了，心跳得很厉害。 ⑸宽慰镇静的： ①He had a relieved smile on his serious face. 他严肃的脸上露出如释重负的笑容。 ②He breathed a sigh of relief when ... . 当...时，他如释重负地松了一口气。 ③He took a deep breath, desperately trying to keep calm.  他深深地吸了口气，拼命保持镇定。 ⑹悲伤失望的： ①I couldn't help crying bitterly. 我禁不住痛哭起来。 ②He was so sad, with tears rolling down/streaming down/welling up his cheeks. 他如此难过，眼泪顺着脸颊流了下来。 ③Her heart ached, tears clouding/filling/flooding her eyes. 她的心在痛，热泪盈眶。 ④She sobbed/wept(weep)/cried, hiding her face in her hands. 她掩面啜泣/哭泣/大哭。 ⑤Grief came in waves and I broke down emotionally. 悲伤如潮水一般涌来，我情绪崩溃了。 ⑥My heart sank into hopelessness/desperation. 我心沉入绝望之中。 ⑦My heart seemed to be torn(tear). 我的心似乎被撕裂了。 ⑧Great sorrow clouded/flooded/filled his eyes and he hung his head in sadness. 他满眼忧伤，伤心地低下了头。 ⑺生气愤怒的： ① He stared at/glared at me with burning eyes. 他用灼热的目光怒视着我。 ②He stare at//glared at sb in anger. 他怒目而视。 ③His face turned red with anger. 他气得满脸通红。 ⑻尴尬困惑的： ① My heart began to race and my mind went blank. 我心跳开始加速，脑子里一片空白。 ②He felt as if the whole world was watching him, and his heart beat wildly/rapidly with embarrassment. 他觉得整个世界都在看着他，他因为窘迫而心跳加速。 ③She felt so embarrassed that her face turned red and glared at us silently. 她感到很尴尬，她的脸变红了，默默地瞪着我们。 ④Her face turned pale and stood there tongue-tied, speechlessly. 她脸色苍白地站在那里，舌头打结，哑口无言。 ⑼后悔内疚的： ①She felt so ashamed that she could feel her face burning. 她如此羞愧，以至于觉得自己的脸在发烧。 ②She felt so guilty that she could feel the blood rushing to her face. 她如此羞愧，以至于感觉血液往脸上涌。 ③ So ashamed did she feel that she was close to tears. 她羞愧得几乎要哭出来了。 ⑽惊讶震惊的： ① The shock of the ... took my breath away. ...的震惊使我喘不过气来。 ②He stood still with shock. 他呆若木鸡。 ③ She stared at him, frozen with astonishment.  她惊呆了，直瞪着他。 ④ I'm shocked beyond words.  我的震惊之情难以言表。 ③外貌性格描写 进行外貌描写时，可写对一个人的总体印象，也可以抓住人物重要的外貌特征或性格特点进行描述。如攻略3例题原文中第一段对妈妈性格的描写，采用了loving, sweet, absentminded和forgetful等形容词，使一个可爱又健忘的妈妈的形象跃然纸上。可以具体描述人物的五官、着装等。在描写人物片段时，可写你对人物印象最深的一两点，再加上一两句人物评价。 外貌与性格描写的高分素材 1.外貌描写 (1) 她圆圆的脸上有一双蓝色的眼睛，还有两个可爱的酒窝。 ①On her round face are a pair of blue eyes and lovely dimples. (倒装句型) ②She is a girl with a pair of blue eyes and lovely dimples on her round face. (with引导的介宾结构作后置定语，补充说明人物信息) (2)李老师三十多岁，身材适中，常梳着马尾辫。 ①Miss Li is in her thirties with a medium build and has her hair in a ponytail. (由and连接的并列句；with短语用作状语，表示伴随状态) ②Miss Li is a mediumsized woman in her thirties who often wears/ties her hair in a ponytail. (定语从句补充介绍人物特征) ③Miss Li, in her thirties, is of medium size, and often has her hair tied in a ponytail. (“be of ＋ adj. ＋ n．”结构表示人或物具有某种特征。常用的名词有：size, height, weight, build, age, shape等) 2.性格描写 ①Such is Ms. Han, an easygoing, kind and warmhearted woman.韩老师是一个随和善良又热心肠的女人。 ②Though he comes from a poor family, he is a person of great determination and courage.他虽出身贫寒，但拥有坚强的意志和勇气。 ④环境描写 环境描写就是对故事中人物展开活动的场所背景进行的描写。通过对环境的描写，起到融情与景的效果。能够向读者交待故事的背景，衬托人物，渲染气氛，从而推动情节发展。过环境描写向读者间接的表达着故事中主人公的内心情感变化。环境描写可以从客观和主观两个角度展开：客观为从环境事物本身入手展开描写；主观则从观察者角度描写入手。通常在描写时主客观交替进行。 环境描写的高分素材 词性描写 1.动词及动词短语 ⑴对风的描述：blow 刮；roar/howl 怒号/咆哮；roar 呼啸；whip 鞭打；kiss 亲吻 ⑵对雨的描述：beat against 拍打；pour down 倾盆而下；fall 落下；rain cats and dogs 下倾盆大雨； be caught in the rain 被雨淋 ⑶对雪的描述：dance 跳舞；float/ fall 飘落；melt away 融化；blanket 裹住；be covered with被...覆盖 ⑷对星星的描述：shine 发光；twinkle 闪耀；glitter 闪烁；decorate 装饰；hide 躲藏 be dotted with 点缀着 ⑸对太阳的描述：come out 出来；rise 升起；set 落下；be bathed in 沐浴在；flood in 照射进来；sweat like a pig（汗流浃背） 2.形容词及形容词短语 ⑴对风雨的描述：gentle/soft 轻柔的；warm 温暖的；pleasant 令人愉悦的；howling 呼啸的； icy/freezing 冰冷的；strong/ violent 猛烈的；bone-chilling 刺骨的；dreadful可怕的 ⑵对雪的描述：feathery 鹅毛般的；tiny 极小的；pure 纯洁的；clean 干净的 ⑶对星星的描述：lovely 可爱的；shining/glowing 亮闪闪的；pale/faint 暗淡的；starless 没有星星的 ⑷对太阳的描述：warm温暖的；burning 火辣辣的；hot 炙热；melt 融化 3.名词及及名词短语 the blue sky 蓝天；the rising sun 冉冉升起的太阳；the setting sun 落日； the fragrant flowers/rose 芬香的花/玫瑰；the green grass 青草；the song of the birds 鸟鸣； heavy rain 大雨；a heavy downpour 大暴雨 顺序描写 1.时间顺序 ⑴黎明、清晨 ①It was as if night and day had become one beautiful moment. Dawn had come. 仿佛黑夜和白昼已成为一个美丽的时刻。黎明已经来临。 ②The sun began to rise in the sky, bathing the mountain in golden light.太阳开始缓缓升起，把山沐浴在金光之中。（沐浴 bath sth. in） ③ Bird song welcomes in a new day, sweet chorus came through the branches, flowing into the surrounding countryside like a great river of music.鸟鸣中迎来了新的一天，悦耳的合唱声穿过树枝，像一条流动的音乐之河流入周围的乡村。 ⑵中午 ①The sun was at its highest. The heat beat down on my head as if I was bacon under the grill. 太阳处于最高点，热浪击打在我的头上，我好像烤架下的熏肉一样。 ②In this heat, even the trees appeared defeated, with leaves drooping lifelessly. 在这种炎热的天气里，连树木都显得萎靡不振，树叶都毫无生气地垂落着。 ⑶黄昏、日落 ①The sunset looks like orange paint on a blue canvas.日落看起来像蓝色画布上的橙色颜料。 ②The setting sun cast an orange glow over the mountains. 夕阳在山上投下橙色的光辉。 ⑷夜晚 ①The moon was held up above the sky, shining her smooth and charming moonlight.月亮被高举在天空的上方，闪耀着她光滑而迷人的月光。 ②Twinkling stars were blinking, and fragrant breeze was gently blowing.闪烁的星星眨着眼，芬芳的微风轻轻地吹着。 ③The moon surrounded by bright stars lit up the dark night. 月亮被明亮的星星围绕着，照亮了漆黑的夜晚。 ④The endless blackness consumed/swallowed up everything.无尽的黑暗吞噬了一切。 Everything had been swallowed up by the darkness.—切都被黑暗所吞噬。 ⑤Dotted with glittering stars, the sky gave the scene a fairy tale quality. 点缀着闪烁的星星的天空给这一场景赋予了童话般的色彩。 ⑥The night brought endless darkness, burying the world under a starless sky. The temperature dropped and nowhere was there a comforting sound.夜带来无尽的黑暗，把世界埋在没有星星的天空下。气温下降了，哪儿也听不到舒适的声音。 2.意象顺序 ⑴太阳 ①When I was bathed in the sunlight, it felt like the amber-like sunshine was kissing every inch of my skin.我沐浴在阳光下，琥珀色的阳光亲吻着我每寸肌肤。 ②Flowers were starting to bloom, waking up after a long winter’s sleep. The garden looked so beautiful with the setting sun reflected in the windows.花儿经过漫长的冬眠期后开始盛开, 落日映照在窗户上让院子显得格外美. ③The sun shone on the sea, the waves dancing and sparkling.太阳照耀在海面上，波浪起舞，闪闪发光。 ④Rays of sunlight filtered through the tree branches/leaves.阳光穿过树林/树叶。 ⑤Bathed in the golden sunlight, the sea rippled and sparkled charmingly. 大海沐浴在金色的阳光下，荡漾着迷人的波光。 ⑵星月 ①Twinkling stars were blinking, and fragrant breeze gently stroked my head, as if comforting all the tiredness along the trip.星星在闪烁，芬芳的微风轻轻地抚摸我的头，仿佛在安慰我一路的疲惫。 ②The sky is dotted with numerous twinkling stars.天空中点缀着无数闪烁的星星。 ③The moon lit up the cloudless sky and cast a beam of light on the surface of the river, which glittered like millions of stars. 月亮照亮了万里无云的天空，并且在河面上投下了一束光，像百万颗星星一样闪烁着。 ④The moon appeared for a moment and seemed to throw me a misty and dull glance,and buried herself again instantly in thick cloud.月亮出现了一会儿，似乎向我投来了朦胧而暗淡的一瞥，随即又埋没在厚厚的云层里。 ⑶雨 ① Rain and tears mixed together on my face. Only my swollen eyes gave any clue to my sadness. 雨水和泪水交织在一起，只有我的红肿的眼睛能暗示出我内心的悲伤。 3.地点顺序 ⑴山海 ①I looked out of the window, winding rivers, lofty mountains, sunny beaches and deep valleys holding me entirely in their fascination.我望向窗外，蜿艇的河流，高耸的山脉，阳光明媚的海滩和深深的山谷，让我完全沉浸在它们的魅力之中。 ⑵荒野 ①Surrounded by strange sounds of wild beasts and endless darkness, Jane was full of regret and despair.被野兽奇怪的声音和无尽的黑暗包围着，Jane充满了悔恨和绝望。 4.氛围顺序 ⑴安静祥和的环境 ①Standing on the empty road, they looked up into the sky, feeling the precious peace from the bottom of heart.站在空旷的道路上，他们抬头仰望天空，从心底感受到珍贵的平和。 ②They hugged each other tightly in the warm light of the setting sun and burst into tears excitedly.他们在落日余晖中紧紧相拥，并且激动得哭了起来。 ③In an instant, everything had suddenly gone quiet. Birds didn’t chirp, leaves didn’t rustle and insects didn’t sing. A feeling of stillness crept up on me.刹那间，万物都突然寂静无声，鸟儿不再歌唱，树叶不再沙沙作响，昆虫也停止了欢唱。一种寂静的感觉悄悄向我袭来。 ④At midnight the sky became clearer and the stars grew brighter. There was little wind, only the flames of our fire crackled. It was so silent. As I was lying beneath the stars, I thought about how far we had already travelled.午夜时分，天空变得更清晰了，星星也更亮了。风很小，只有我们火焰噼啪作响。太安静了。我躺在星空下，想着我们已经走了多远。 ⑤At dusk, we gathered around with other campers, exchanging yummy snacks with each other in the company of fire. Our hearty laughter rang through the fields.黄昏时分，我们和其他露营者聚一起，在火的陪伴下互相交换美味的零食。我们的欢声笑语响彻田野。 ⑵凄惨悲凉的环境 ①She sat on the damp grass and stared up at the pale stars in the vast sky, with tears rolling down her dirty face. The bone-chilling wind forced her to curl up. 她坐在潮湿的草地上，抬头望着广阔的天空中暗淡的星星，泪水从她肮脏的脸上滚落下来。刺骨的寒风迫使她蜷缩起来。 ⑶风雨交加的环境 ①The wind was howling horribly and the rain was pouring down, flapping against the trees. 风可怕地怒吼着，大雨倾盆而下，拍打着树枝。 ②I was seized with the roaring power of nature. A sense of horror creeping up on me. 我被自然发怒的力量抓住了。一种恐惧感悄悄爬到我身上。 ③ Outside, the winds blew the trees and beat against the house, which made people unable to open their eyes.外面，风吹着树，拍打着房子，使人们无法睁开眼睛。 ④It was raining cats and dogs yesterday after when school was over and I was all wet when I got home.昨天放学的时候在下着倾盆大雨，我到家时全身都湿了。 ⑤There was a heavy downpour. Unfortunately, Tom was caught in the heavy rain.下了大暴雨，真不幸，汤姆在暴雨中被淋成了落汤鸡。 ⑥The weather in summer is unpredictable. Just now, it was sunny. In a flash, lightning and thunder broke out, and the storm began to rain.夏天的天气真是变幻莫测。刚才还是晴空万里，一霎时就电闪雷鸣，开始了狂风暴雨。 ⑦On that dark and stormy night, the waves were crashing and the winds were howling. 在那个黑暗的暴风雨的夜晚，海浪拍打，狂风呼啸。 ⑷炙热严寒的环境 ①The weather was so hot that there was no wind, and the thick air seemed to be frozen.天气闷热得要命，一丝风也没有，稠乎乎的空气好像凝住了。 ②It’s hot enough to melt everything. I can hardly breathe and hope it will be cooler soon.现在热得足以把所有东西融化，我都没法呼吸了，希望很快能够凉快一点。 ③This weather is terrible. I am sweating like a pig, although I’m not doing anything.  天热得吓人，虽然我什么都没做，但还是汗流浃背。 ④ The wind was so bone-chilling that I can’t stop shivering from the cold.寒风如此刺骨以至于我冷得不停打哆嗦。（刺骨的 bone-chilling） ⑤It was a chilly winter night, the moon shining brightly and the snow blanketing the ground.那是一个寒冷的冬夜，月亮明亮地照耀着，雪覆盖着大地。（覆盖v. blanket） ⑸模糊神秘的环境 ①The wind was blowing and the mist was getting thicker, covering everything into an unclear mystery.风在吹，雾越来越浓，一切都笼罩在一种模糊的神秘中。 【举一反三】 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段使之构成一篇完整的短文。 In a small and dusty village in England, there lived a young man named Tom Harper. His clothes were old and torn, and his shoes had holes that let in the rain. Tom lived in a tiny room above a noisy cafe, where he worked washing dishes for a few coins each day. Life was hard, but Tom had a dream: he wanted to own a bakery, filling the streets with the warm smell of fresh bread. Tom’s parents passed away when he was young, leaving him with nothing but a kind heart and a strong will. Every night, after cleaning the cafe’s pots, he sat by a flickering candle and read books about baking. He borrowed these books from Mrs. Green, the village librarian, who saw something special in Tom’s bright eyes. One day, a poster appeared in the village square. It announced a baking competition in London, with a grand prize of £10,000. Tom’s heart raced. This could be his chance! But the journey to London cost money, and Tom had none. He worked extra hours, saved every penny, and even sold his only coat to buy a train ticket. When the day came, Tom boarded the train with a small bag and a nervous smile. In London, the competition was held in a huge hall filled with the best bakers from across England. Tom felt small among them. He had no fancy tools, just an old wooden spoon and a recipe he’d created himself, a soft, golden loaf with herbs from the village fields. His hands shook as he mixed flour, water, and yeast (酵母). The shake resulted from not just his nervousness, but also the coldness. After what seemed to be a century, Tom finally completed his herb loaf. All the baked bread and cakes were presented to the judges. The judges tasted them carefully. Hours passed, and Tom’s stomach twisted with worry. It seemed hard for him to make it through the announcement of the winner, both psychologically and physically. Before the judges announced the winner, Tom’s eyes accidentally met a familiar figure’s eyes — Mrs. Green was among the audience! 注意: 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Para. 1: Mrs. Green was holding a coat and waving her hands at Tom. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Para. 2: With the prize money, Tom opened a small bakery in his village. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【佳作展现】       Mrs. Green was holding a coat and waving her hands at Tom. Tom was rather surprised that Mrs. Green, who was the nicest librarian in Tom’s eyes, would come here to watch his competition. The support from his village gave him great confidence, a warm current flowing through his mind. “The winner,” the judges said, “is Tom Harper, for his simple yet extraordinary herb loaf!” The crowd cheered and Tom’s eyes were filled with tears. Mrs. Green raced to Tom and they hugged each other closely and later they happily went back to the village. With the prize money, Tom opened a small bakery in his village. Tom worked very hard and he even got up at dawn to bake. Word spread about his delicious bread and soon, people came from miles away. Tom donated bread to the poor and shared his story to inspire others. “Hard work and kindness can change your life,” he told them. Mrs. Green visited often, sipping tea and saying, “I knew you’d make it, Tom.” Years passed, and Tom has built more than a business but a life of purpose, proving that dreams, hard work, and kindness could turn rags into riches. 【文本分析】 本篇书面表达以人物为线索，讲述贫困青年Tom通过烘焙比赛逆袭，实现面包店梦想并回馈社区的故事。 【思路点拨】 1. 段落续写 ①由第一段首句“格林夫人手里拿着一件外套，正朝着汤姆挥动着手臂。”可知，本段可描述比赛结果宣布、奖金获取，目标达成的经过和格林夫人以及汤姆的反应。 ②由第二段首句“凭借这笔奖金，汤姆在自己的村庄开了一家小面包店。”可知，本段可描述汤姆实现梦想，帮助他人，回报恩人，生意兴隆，最终取得事业成功。 2. 续写线索 比赛现场——获得支持——意外获胜——得到奖金——开店筹备——生意兴隆——回报他人 【赏析】 1.词汇激活 行为类 ①拥抱：hug/embrace ②传播：spread/go viral/go around 情绪类 ①感动：be filled with tears/welling up with tears/with tears in one’s eyes ③快乐地：happily/joyfully/cheerfully 2.高分句型 1)Tom was rather surprised that Mrs. Green, who was the nicest librarian in Tom’s eyes, would come here to watch his competition.（运用了that引导宾语从句，who引导非限制性定语从句） 2)The support from his village gave him great confidence, a warm current flowing through his mind.（运用了独立主格） 3)Years passed, and Tom has built more than a business but a life of purpose, proving that dreams, hard work, and kindness could turn rags into riches.（运用了现在分词作状语和宾语从句） 2.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was a typical busy noon at the downtown fast-food spot. The smell of sizzling patties and crispy fries lingered (弥漫) in the air, and the place was packed with folks rushing to grab a quick meal. I’d just gotten off a long morning at work, and my stomach was empty as I finally reached the front of the line and got my order-a burger, fries, and a cold drink. As I set the tray (托盘) down on a small table by the window, I glanced over and saw two firefighters in the corner. Their uniforms were heavy with faint spots, like they’d just stepped away from a smoky scene, and their boots still held a hint of damp from the morning dew. They stood in the back of the line, shoulders relaxed but eyes tired. I was just about to pick up my burger-the cheese melted perfectly-when a loud, sharp siren (警报) cut through the noise of the restaurant. The two firefighters froze for half a second, and then moved. No hesitation, no exchange of words — just muscle memory. One grabbed his helmet off the nearby counter, the other adjusted his radio on his shoulder, and they turned toward the door, their steps quickening. I watched them go, and my fork paused mid-air. My empty stomach served as a quiet reminder of how long I’d waited for this meal. I’d stood in that line for 15 minutes, my feet aching from the morning’s work. Giving them my lunch meant I would have to wait again-maybe another line, maybe my break slipping away faster. I bit my lip, staring at the tray. Then I thought of their uniforms, the spots, the way they’d act upon hearing the siren like it was a call they couldn’t ignore. They didn’t get to pause for a meal when emergencies hit. They’d probably go hours without eating, running from one call to the next. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Para. 1: My hesitation melted away. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Para. 2: I went back to the counter, only to find the manager was waiting for me. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【佳作展现】       My hesitation melted away. I grabbed the tray and hurried after the two firefighters, calling out softly, “Excuse me!” They paused at the door, turning with slight surprise. I held out the tray, smiling, “You guys must be in a rush — take this. It’s not much, but it’ll keep you going.” One of them hesitated for a second, then nodded gratefully, taking the tray. “Thank you, really,” he said, before they rushed out into the street, the siren growing louder as they went. I stood there for a moment, my stomach still growling, but my chest felt light. I went back to the counter, only to find the manager was waiting for me. He smiled warmly, holding up a new tray with a burger, fries, and a drink. “Saw what you did for the firefighters,” he said, handing it over. “This one’s on the house. We need more people like you.” I was shocked, then grateful, taking the tray. “Thank you so much,” I replied. As I sat back down by the window, biting into the burger, the taste felt sweeter than before. Sometimes, giving up a small thing didn’t just help others — it filled your own heart, too. 【文本分析】 文章以人物为线索展开，讲述市中心快餐店午间繁忙，作者下班后买了午餐，看到两位刚可能出完任务、面露疲惫的消防员排队。警报响起，消防员立刻行动，作者虽不舍排队换来的午餐，但想到他们应急时难以吃饭，内心纠结。 【思路点拨】 1.段落续写 ①根据第一段首句“我的犹豫消失了。”可知，下文可描写作者追上两名消防员并把自己的食物拿给他们，消防员表示感谢，作者虽然饿着，但心情舒畅。 ②根据第二段首句“我回到柜台，却发现经理正在等我。”可知，接下来可描写经理被作者的行为感动，为作者准备好了餐食，以及作者的感悟。 2.续写线索：犹豫消失——追上消防员——递上食物——消防员感激——作者心情舒畅——老板等着作者——递给作者准备好的食物——解释原因——作者感悟 【赏析】 1.词类激活 行为类 ①抓住：grab/get hold of ②看见：see/notice ③回答：reply/respond 情绪类 ①感激地：gratefully/with gratitude ②心情舒畅的：feel light/feel lighthearted 2.高分句型 1)They paused at the door, turning with slight surprise.（运用了现在分词作状语） 2)I stood there for a moment, my stomach still growling, but my chest felt light.（运用了独立主格结构） 【高分句型3】As I sat back down by the window, biting into the burger, the taste felt sweeter than before.（运用了as引导的时间状语从句） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $