精品解析：广东省深圳市宝安区2025-2026学年高三上学期10月教学质量监测英语试卷

宝安区2025-2026学年第一学期教学质量监测 高三 英语试卷 2025.10 注意事项： 1.答题前，请将姓名、班级和学校用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔填写在答题卡指定的位置上，并正确粘贴条形码。 2.作答选择题时，选出每题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目答案标号的信息点框涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案。作答非选择题时，用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔把答案写在答题卡指定区域内，写在本试卷或草稿纸上，其答案一律无效。 3.本试卷共10页，满分为120分。考试时间120分钟。 4.考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Carbon Footprint calculator: Know Your Impact A Carbon Footprint calculator is an online tool designed mainly to help individuals and families measure their impact on the environment. By entering simple information about your energy use, daily travel, and waste habits, it estimates the amount of greenhouse gases that you produce each year. Why Use It? The main purpose of this tool is to raise awareness about how daily actions impact the planet. It shows the hidden effects of things we do every day, helping people understand their personal contribution to climate change. This awareness is an essential first step toward adopting a more eco-friendly lifestyle. In addition, the calculator offers personalized and practical tips to reduce your emissions (排放) — many of which can also help you save money. How It Works? The calculator uses science and data that experts agree on. You type in your information, and it does the math for you. The system is designed to be simple and user-friendly, making it easy for anyone to use. How to Start? Getting started is straightforward. You only need basic information about your household, such as your average electricity and natural gas consumption, transportation methods, and waste disposal (处理) habits. To give you a clearer idea of common emission values, here is a table showing average yearly emissions per person (in lbs CO₂): Category Source Emissions (lbs CO₂) House Electricity 3,500 Natural Gas 2,700 Transport One Car 10,800 Waste General 800 1. What is the calculator’s main function? A. Reducing energy costs. B. Selling energy products. C. Tracking weather patterns. D. Estimating carbon emissions. 2. What is the calculator based on? A. Reliable scientific data. B. Real-time usage reports. C Complicated calculations. D. Community comparisons. 3. What are the total emissions for a two-person household with one car? A. 15,900 lbs CO2. B. 22,100 lbs CO2. C. 24,800 lbs CO2. D. 19,400 lbs CO2. B Recently, I spent time with my 14-month-old grandson, Theodore. It was an eye-opening experience because, as a grandfather, I was able to play and interact with him without having to balance other responsibilities. His parents were more than happy to let him and me play while they caught up on some sleep. His days were full of exploration and inquiry. Every drawer and cupboard had all sorts of new stuff that needed to be taken out, examined, sometimes thrown and sometimes put carefully away. It brought back memories as he went through the same drawers his father had explored over 30 years ago. But what struck me the most was the hours of concentration trying out new stuff and working to understand what was happening. He spent a long time playing with five stacking rings. He didn’t just stack(摞起来) them. He dropped them onto the carpet where they stayed still, and on the hard floor where they rolled. He went back and forth, testing how each ring behaved in different places. He watched closely every time. Theodore was always observing, thinking, and learning. It reminded me that when we’re very young, we’re all great learners. But as we grow older, many of us lose that motivation. Instead of thinking critically, we’ll try to fit whatever new information we might encounter into our existing worldview instead of expanding our horizons. The world changes. If we don’t keep up, we fall behind. How can you have relevant opinions when you don’t understand the issue itself? People are satisfied with what they knew years ago, or what they heard from an article titled “Experts say...”. People lack the motivation to question what they hear or to understand different points of view. We can’t investigate everything like Theodore, but we can stay curious. Being a successful creative person demands that we be lifelong learners. 4. What can we infer from Theodore’s exploration in paragraph 2? A. He was looking for his father’s old toys. B. He was creating disorder without any purpose. C. He was helping grandparents with housework. D. He was naturally curious about his environment. 5. How did Theodore try to understand the rings? A. By lining them up to prevent falling. B. By following instructions from adults. C. By concentrating on making them stand still. D. By observing movements on different surfaces. 6. What makes adults fall behind according to the author? A. A fear of doing things wrong. B. A lack of curiosity to explore. C. A distraction of various activities. D. A distrust in provided information. 7. What is the author’s purpose in telling Theodore’s story? A. To describe a grandparent’s role. B. To motivate people to keep learning. C. To prove that early education is vital. D. To show how curiosity is passed down. C Do you have trouble recognising faces, or do you never forget a face? According to a new study, if you are better at face recognition, you are likely to have more supportive relationships. This is true regardless of our personality type. An international research team ran several studies involving more than 3,000 people. Participants were asked to memorise new faces or identify the faces of famous people. The results showed that those who scored higher tended to have closer and more supportive relationships. For example, people who recognised more faces reported having much more close friends. As lead researcher Dr. Laura noted, “People who identified more faces typically had larger supportive social networks.” Interestingly the study found that facial recognition skill is not tied to how sociable a person is. Being outgoing doesn’t guarantee a good memory for faces. “Our findings rule out the idea that being sociable means you’ll probably be great at recognising faces. It also helps to dispel the common wrong idea that if you don’t recognise someone, you are less sociable,” Dr. Laura explained. Why does facial recognition skill matter? Recognising someone helps build trust and connection. If you remember a person you’ve met before, it’s easier to continue your conversation and strengthen your relationship. It also makes the other person feel valued. On the other hand, if you don’t recognise them, they may feel ignored. You might lose the chance to deepen the relationship. Dr. Laura says that being recognised by someone also develops a person’s self-worth. The researchers suggest that small actions can make social events more open to everyone. For example, using name tags at school activities or community gatherings can help those who find it hard to recognise faces. If someone seems unsure of your name, a gentle reminder can also make communication smoother. 8. What did the research show about the high scorers of the test? A. They had more famous friends. B. They enjoyed larger social circles. C. They showed better personality types. D. They remembered every face they met. 9. What does the underlined word “dispel” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Remove. B. Confirm. C. Challenge. D. Strengthen. 10. What may happen if one fails to recognise someone? A. It may build up one’s self-worth. B. It may create unexpected connections. C. It may set barriers to a deeper relationship. D. It may keep things fresh for all participants. 11. What do the researchers suggest people do for social events? A. Train people to remember names. B. Use tools to help face-blind people. C. Reduce social gatherings regularly. D. Remind strangers of discussing topics. D Americans consume 1.6 billion pounds of coffee annually. Yet, more than 70% of it becomes waste — 1.1 billion pounds of used coffee grounds. These nutrient-rich leftovers inspired Luo Danli, a researcher at the University of Washington, to explore their potential. Used coffee grounds are full of nutrients, which makes them great for growing Mycelium (菌丝体). This white, root-like structure can join loose items into a tough, waterproof, and light-weight product. Luo’s team then developed Mycofluid. It is a smooth mixture combining used coffee grounds, brown rice flour, mycelium, and other natural sticky items. They then shot the mixture with mushroom spores (孢子), which can grow over the objects to form that solid skin. The skin turns the coffee grounds — even when formed into complex shapes — into a flexible and earth-friendly replacement for plastics. The process is similar to growing mushrooms at home: over 10 days in a wet container, mushrooms grew around the structures. They formed a protective shell that held everything together and made the material stronger. Once dried, the final product matched plastic in strength but could fully break down. Using a 3D printer, they shaped the Mycofluid into items like packaging or statues. The material is heavier than plastic yet closer to the thickness of cardboard. It absorbed very little water, held its shape after drying, and could replace plastic packaging for delicate items. Meanwhile, all components are digestible, which helps to reduce plastic pollution. Working on a large scale (规模) with Mycofluid could be challenging because it depends on specific types of used coffee grounds. Still, the team is looking at other recycled materials. “This innovation highlights how everyday waste could help fire a greener future,” said Luo. “For example, we can transform used coffee into eco-friendly materials using natural growth processes.” 12. What motivated Luo Danli to start the research? A. The huge amount of coffee waste. B. The high cost of coffee production. C. The nutritional needs of mycelium. D. The popularity of coffee consumption. 13. What is the function of mushroom spores in creating Mycofluid? A. To create a protective layer. B. To help the material dry quickly. C. To provide food for the mycelium. D. To mix with coffee grounds smoothly. 14. What can be a broader significance of this innovation? A. Advancing 3D printing technology B. Fighting widespread fuel pollution C. Encouraging waste-to-resource approaches. D. Achieving consistent qualities of coffee beans. 15. What is the best title for the text? A. The Challenges of Mycelium Coffee Materials B. The Environmental Impact of Coffee Consumption C. Coffee Grounds as Nutrients: A 3D Printing Solution D. Mycelium: Turning Coffee Waste into Green Products 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Eighth grader Sam Gerber carefully holds a knife to the surface of a red apple. ____16____ Beside him, his classmate Sabelle Guido waits to chop up the apple crisps (苹果脆). This is a family and consumer science class at Lincoln Middle School in Maine, US. ____17____ All eighth-graders at the school have to take it. In the class, students spend a third of their time on cooking and classic home economics: food safety, knife skills, folding clothes, setting a table, eating healthily and shopping. ____18____ It is not always easy to learn these skills. In the class, Sabelle Guido tried to cut butter into small pieces with a wooden spoon. Later, she learned that she should use a metal knife. Rhonda Mayer, who has been teaching the course for 31 years, thinks that kids need these skills. ____19____ Only three states require them. That means only about 5 million students will take them, according to a survey by the American Association of Family and Consumer Sciences. Nowadays, schools focus more on math, English and science classes. They think “home ec” classes are for future housewives. ____20____ Recently, a Maine lawmaker introduced a bill. It will require students to take a half-year name economics class. They won’t be able to graduate from school without taking the class. But it has not been voted on yet. A. Yet, things may be going to change. B. He slowly pulls the skin away in small pieces. C. The class is also known as “home ec”, short for home economics. D. However, across the US, “home ec” classes are not widely adopted. E. Basketball, rugby, volleyball, swimming are also available in the class. F. They also learn about money management, workplace skills and even childcare. G. He holds that kids couldn’t take good care of themselves without such common sense. 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 On Sunday, June 22, Alvaro Nuñez completed a cross-country cycling race and fulfilled his promise to his father. A month before the race. Alvaro was at a ____21____ point because of the stressful training. He called his dad for ____22____ but was informed that his dad was diagnosed (诊断) with cancer and would receive ____23____ at the same time as the race. However, his dad didn’t ____24____ him to be by his side. He thought Alvaro could give him more ____25____ by doing this race. Then they reached a(n) ____26____. “If I didn’t quit throughout the race, he wouldn’t quit throughout the treatment,” Alvaro recalled. “When you have a(n) ____27____, you feel unstoppable.” Race Across America is ____28____ considered one of the hardest challenges on the planet, lasting 12 days, over 3,000 miles, and 12 states. Alvaro ____29____ just one hour of sleep per night and lost feeling in his hands and feet. But he kept going for his dad. The two talked throughout the race on FaceTime. Every day before treatment, Alvaro’s dad begged the doctors to _____30_____ so he would be available when his son made it to the next checkpoint. The most _____31_____ moment came when Alvaro finally crossed the _____32_____ and saw his dad on the phone screen. “We have _____33_____ our battles that make us see how _____34_____ life can be,” Alvaro said, “It’s about how you react to the things that life _____35_____ at you. But never give up.” 21. A. starting B. breaking C. meeting D. thinking 22. A. support B. permission C. answer D. information 23. A. advice B. training C. treatment D. response 24. A. warn B. urge C. signal D. help 25. A. strength B. guidance C. freedom D. pressure 26. A. conclusion B. milestone C. objective D. agreement 27. A. secret B. assistant C. bond D. option 28. A. hardly B. historically C. widely D. personally 29. A. averaged B. required C. interrupted D. reduced 30. A. calm down B. show off C. hurry up D. set out 31. A. fortunate B. emotional C. awkward D. nervous 32. A. comfort zone B. road block C. culture gap D. finish line 33 A. shared B. failed C. launched D. avoided 34. A. short B. busy C. lonely D. tough 35. A. points B. shouts C. waves D. throws 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Have you ever struggled with English spelling? You’re not alone. ____36____ the 17th century, scholars have protested against its irregularities. Words from German, Latin, French, and Greek follow different spelling rules, making uniformity ____37____(possible). Over time, these systems mixed, ____38____(form) the spelling we use today. Many Latin-rooted words entered English through French after the Norman Conquest (诺曼征服). Old English, a Germanic language, was replaced by French in official contexts for 300 years. When English ____39____(return), it was heavily French-influenced, and spelling lacked standardization with French rules dominating, making it difficult for people to read and write consistently. Even in Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales, the same word ____40____(spell) differently. Standardization began in the 15th century with the printing press, which froze spellings based on ___41___(pronounce) of that time. However, between 1450 and 1750, English underwent ____42____ Great Vowel Shift (元音大推移), changing the sound system while spelling remained unchanged. Supporters of spelling reform argue that sound-based adjustments would improve reading and writing skills. Others oppose this, ____43____(convince) that current spellings preserve linguistic history. For example, the word “knight” reflects its Old English roots, ____44____ silent letters, like “k” and “gh” suggest how the word was once pronounced. The debate continues. Should English “fix” its spelling, or is the system a _____45_____(value) key to understanding language evolution (进化)? 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你班正筹备“九三阅兵”双语图片展。在翻译“不畏强暴”这一体现民族气概短语时，外教Paul提供了两个参考翻译：“fear no one”和“fear no oppression(压迫) or force”供大家讨论。请给Paul写一封邮件，内容包括： 1.你的选择； 2.说明理由。 注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Paul, I’m writing to share my choice for the translation. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I have always been quiet and shy. While my classmates enjoyed big parties I felt most comfortable alone with my sketchbook (速写本). But deep inside my heart I dreamed of an adventure — I hoped one day I could drive a car on a long, open road, stopping somewhere remote to paint beautiful landscapes. My dad knew about this dream. “When you graduate and get your driver’s license,” he said to me, “you can borrow my car.” Those words became my goal. I couldn’t wait for that! That day came in the summer after graduation. My dad handed me the key to his old car as promised. My heart beat fast as I sat in the driver’s seat. This was it — my first taste of independence! I backed out of the driveway onto our quiet street. For a few seconds, I felt free. But then, disaster struck. I turned too early and crashed into a streetlight. The joy was gone. I saw the damage — a big dent (凹痕) in the front. My dad came out. He wasn’t angry, but he was serious. “You need to get it fixed,” he said. I knew he was right, but how could I afford the repair? I tried to find a part-time job, but failed: the local restaurant needed experienced staff, and the supermarket wasn’t hiring. I thought about drawing portraits for people on the street, but the idea made me deeply uncomfortable. How could one as shy as me ask strangers to pay for a drawing? After days of worry, I forced myself to be brave. I gathered my drawing supplies, picked out my best artworks, and went to the busy night market. I found a small empty spot, set up my easel (画架) and put my drawings on display. As I waited, I felt my face burning. Would people laugh at me? But to my surprise, people started to stop and look. They seemed interested in my drawings. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 After a short while, a middle-aged man with a friendly face walked up. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ That summer, I painted for many different people at the night market every evening. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 宝安区2025-2026学年第一学期教学质量监测 高三 英语试卷 2025.10 注意事项： 1.答题前，请将姓名、班级和学校用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔填写在答题卡指定的位置上，并正确粘贴条形码。 2.作答选择题时，选出每题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目答案标号的信息点框涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案。作答非选择题时，用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔把答案写在答题卡指定区域内，写在本试卷或草稿纸上，其答案一律无效。 3.本试卷共10页，满分为120分。考试时间120分钟。 4.考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Carbon Footprint calculator: Know Your Impact A Carbon Footprint calculator is an online tool designed mainly to help individuals and families measure their impact on the environment. By entering simple information about your energy use, daily travel, and waste habits, it estimates the amount of greenhouse gases that you produce each year. Why Use It? The main purpose of this tool is to raise awareness about how daily actions impact the planet. It shows the hidden effects of things we do every day, helping people understand their personal contribution to climate change. This awareness is an essential first step toward adopting a more eco-friendly lifestyle. In addition, the calculator offers personalized and practical tips to reduce your emissions (排放) — many of which can also help you save money. How It Works? The calculator uses science and data that experts agree on. You type in your information, and it does the math for you. The system is designed to be simple and user-friendly, making it easy for anyone to use. How to Start? Getting started is straightforward. You only need basic information about your household, such as your average electricity and natural gas consumption, transportation methods, and waste disposal (处理) habits. To give you a clearer idea of common emission values, here is a table showing average yearly emissions per person (in lbs CO₂): Category Source Emissions (lbs CO₂) House Electricity 3,500 Natural Gas 2,700 Transport One Car 10,800 Waste General 800 1. What is the calculator’s main function? A. Reducing energy costs. B. Selling energy products. C. Tracking weather patterns. D. Estimating carbon emissions. 2. What is the calculator based on? A. Reliable scientific data. B. Real-time usage reports. C. Complicated calculations. D. Community comparisons. 3. What are the total emissions for a two-person household with one car? A. 15,900 lbs CO2. B. 22,100 lbs CO2. C. 24,800 lbs CO2. D. 19,400 lbs CO2. 【答案】1 D 2. A 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一款碳足迹计算器，包括其主要功能是估算碳排放、基于可靠科学数据运行，并举例说明了一个有车两人家庭的年总排放量。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“A Carbon Footprint calculator is an online tool designed mainly to help individuals and families measure their impact on the environment. By entering simple information about your energy use, daily travel, and waste habits, it estimates the amount of greenhouse gases that you produce each year.(碳足迹计算器是一款主要为个人和家庭设计的在线工具，旨在帮助他们评估自身对环境的影响。通过输入有关您的能源使用、日常出行以及废弃物处理习惯的简单信息，该工具能够估算出您每年产生的温室气体量。)”可知，碳足迹计算器的主要功能是估算个人或家庭每年产生的温室气体排放量，即估算碳排放，故选D项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“The calculator uses science and data that experts agree on.(该计算器所采用的计算方法和数据均是专家们普遍认可的。)”可知，碳足迹计算器是基于专家认可的科学和数据，即可靠的科学数据，故选A项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段提供的表格，以及问题中提到的“一个有车两人家庭”可知，这个家庭的年总排放量应为：两人住房的电力排放（3500×2=7000lbs CO₂）+两人住房的天然气排放（2700×2=5400lbs CO₂）+一辆车的运输排放（10800lbs CO₂）+一般废物排放（800×2=1600lbs CO₂）=24800lbs CO₂。故选C项。 B Recently, I spent time with my 14-month-old grandson, Theodore. It was an eye-opening experience because, as a grandfather, I was able to play and interact with him without having to balance other responsibilities. His parents were more than happy to let him and me play while they caught up on some sleep. His days were full of exploration and inquiry. Every drawer and cupboard had all sorts of new stuff that needed to be taken out, examined, sometimes thrown and sometimes put carefully away. It brought back memories as he went through the same drawers his father had explored over 30 years ago. But what struck me the most was the hours of concentration trying out new stuff and working to understand what was happening. He spent a long time playing with five stacking rings. He didn’t just stack(摞起来) them. He dropped them onto the carpet where they stayed still, and on the hard floor where they rolled. He went back and forth, testing how each ring behaved in different places. He watched closely every time. Theodore was always observing, thinking, and learning. It reminded me that when we’re very young, we’re all great learners. But as we grow older, many of us lose that motivation. Instead of thinking critically, we’ll try to fit whatever new information we might encounter into our existing worldview instead of expanding our horizons. The world changes. If we don’t keep up, we fall behind. How can you have relevant opinions when you don’t understand the issue itself? People are satisfied with what they knew years ago, or what they heard from an article titled “Experts say...”. People lack the motivation to question what they hear or to understand different points of view. We can’t investigate everything like Theodore, but we can stay curious. Being a successful creative person demands that we be lifelong learners. 4. What can we infer from Theodore’s exploration in paragraph 2? A. He was looking for his father’s old toys. B. He was creating disorder without any purpose. C. He was helping grandparents with housework. D. He was naturally curious about his environment. 5. How did Theodore try to understand the rings? A. By lining them up to prevent falling. B. By following instructions from adults. C. By concentrating on making them stand still. D. By observing movements on different surfaces. 6. What makes adults fall behind according to the author? A. A fear of doing things wrong. B. A lack of curiosity to explore. C. A distraction of various activities. D. A distrust in provided information. 7. What is the author’s purpose in telling Theodore’s story? A. To describe a grandparent’s role. B. To motivate people to keep learning. C. To prove that early education is vital. D. To show how curiosity is passed down. 【答案】4. D 5. D 6. B 7. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者讲述了与14个月大的孙子西奥多的相处经历，进而谈及对学习与好奇心的思考。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“His days were full of exploration and inquiry. Every drawer and cupboard had all sorts of new stuff that needed to be taken out, examined, sometimes thrown and sometimes put carefully away. (他的日子充满了探索和探究。每个抽屉和橱柜里都有各种各样的新东西，需要拿出来、检查，有时扔掉，有时小心地收起来)”可知，西奥多的日子充满了探究，对抽屉、橱柜里的新东西都要去摸索，说明他对周围环境天生充满好奇。故选D项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“He dropped them onto the carpet where they stayed still, and on the hard floor where they rolled. He went back and forth, testing how each ring behaved in different places. He watched closely every time. (他把它们扔到地毯上，它们就静止不动，扔到硬地板上，它们就滚动起来。他来回走动，测试每个圆环在不同地方的表现。他每次都仔细观察)”可知，西奥多通过测试和观察圆环在不同表面的运动来尝试理解圆环。故选D项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“But as we grow older, many of us lose that motivation. Instead of thinking critically, we’ll try to fit whatever new information we might encounter into our existing worldview instead of expanding our horizons. (但随着我们长大，我们中的许多人失去了那种动力。我们不会批判性地思考，而是会试图将我们可能遇到的任何新信息融入我们现有的世界观，而不是拓宽我们的视野)”以及最后一段“We can’t investigate everything like Theodore, but we can stay curious. (我们不能像西奥多那样探究一切，但我们可以保持好奇心)”可知，作者认为成年人落后是因为缺乏探索的好奇心。故选B项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Being a successful creative person demands that we be lifelong learners. (成为一个成功的有创造力的人需要我们成为终身学习者)”可知，作者讲述西奥多的故事是为了激励人们不断学习。故选B项。 C Do you have trouble recognising faces, or do you never forget a face? According to a new study, if you are better at face recognition, you are likely to have more supportive relationships. This is true regardless of our personality type. An international research team ran several studies involving more than 3,000 people. Participants were asked to memorise new faces or identify the faces of famous people. The results showed that those who scored higher tended to have closer and more supportive relationships. For example, people who recognised more faces reported having much more close friends. As lead researcher Dr. Laura noted, “People who identified more faces typically had larger supportive social networks.” Interestingly, the study found that facial recognition skill is not tied to how sociable a person is. Being outgoing doesn’t guarantee a good memory for faces. “Our findings rule out the idea that being sociable means you’ll probably be great at recognising faces. It also helps to dispel the common wrong idea that if you don’t recognise someone, you are less sociable,” Dr. Laura explained. Why does facial recognition skill matter? Recognising someone helps build trust and connection. If you remember a person you’ve met before, it’s easier to continue your conversation and strengthen your relationship. It also makes the other person feel valued. On the other hand, if you don’t recognise them, they may feel ignored. You might lose the chance to deepen the relationship. Dr. Laura says that being recognised by someone also develops a person’s self-worth. The researchers suggest that small actions can make social events more open to everyone. For example, using name tags at school activities or community gatherings can help those who find it hard to recognise faces. If someone seems unsure of your name, a gentle reminder can also make communication smoother. 8. What did the research show about the high scorers of the test? A. They had more famous friends. B. They enjoyed larger social circles. C. They showed better personality types. D. They remembered every face they met. 9. What does the underlined word “dispel” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Remove. B. Confirm. C. Challenge. D. Strengthen. 10. What may happen if one fails to recognise someone? A. It may build up one’s self-worth. B. It may create unexpected connections. C. It may set barriers to a deeper relationship. D. It may keep things fresh for all participants. 11. What do the researchers suggest people do for social events? A. Train people to remember names. B. Use tools to help face-blind people. C. Reduce social gatherings regularly. D. Remind strangers of discussing topics. 【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C 11. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍研究发现人脸识别能力强的人社交支持更多，且与社交能力无关，还解释其重要性，并建议用姓名牌等帮助脸盲者。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“The results showed that those who scored higher tended to have closer and more supportive relationships. For example, people who recognised more faces reported having many more close friends. As lead researcher Dr. Laura noted, “People who identified more faces typically had larger supportive social networks.”(研究结果显示，得分较高的人往往拥有更亲密、更具支持性的人际关系。例如，能辨认出更多面孔的人表示，自己拥有远多于他人的亲密朋友。正如首席研究员劳拉博士所指出的：“能辨认出更多面孔的人，通常拥有更庞大的支持性社交网络。”)”可知，测试高分者拥有更大的社交圈。故选B项。 【9题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段““Our findings rule out the idea that being sociable means you’ll probably be great at recognising faces. It also helps to dispel the common wrong idea that if you don’t recognise someone, you are less sociable,” Dr. Laura explained. (“我们的研究结果排除了 “善于社交就意味着很擅长识别人脸” 这一观点。它还有助于dispel“不认人就说明社交能力差”这一常见错误观念。”)”可知，“dispel”与“rule out(排除)”语义相近，意为 “消除、去除”。故选A项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“On the other hand, if you don’t recognise them, they may feel ignored. You might lose the chance to deepen the relationship. (另一方面，如果你认不出他们，他们可能会感到被忽视。你可能会失去深化关系的机会。)”可知，认不出别人可能会为深化关系设置障碍。故选C项。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“The researchers suggest that small actions can make social events more open to everyone. For example, using name tags at school activities or community gatherings can help those who find it hard to recognise faces. (研究人员建议，一些小举动可以让社交活动对所有人更开放。例如，在学校活动或社区聚会中使用姓名牌，可以帮助那些难以识别人脸的人。)”可知，研究人员建议用工具（如姓名牌）帮助脸盲者。故选B项。 D Americans consume 1.6 billion pounds of coffee annually. Yet, more than 70% of it becomes waste — 1.1 billion pounds of used coffee grounds. These nutrient-rich leftovers inspired Luo Danli, a researcher at the University of Washington, to explore their potential. Used coffee grounds are full of nutrients, which makes them great for growing Mycelium (菌丝体). This white, root-like structure can join loose items into a tough, waterproof, and light-weight product. Luo’s team then developed Mycofluid. It is a smooth mixture combining used coffee grounds, brown rice flour, mycelium, and other natural sticky items. They then shot the mixture with mushroom spores (孢子), which can grow over the objects to form that solid skin. The skin turns the coffee grounds — even when formed into complex shapes — into a flexible and earth-friendly replacement for plastics. The process is similar to growing mushrooms at home: over 10 days in a wet container, mushrooms grew around the structures. They formed a protective shell that held everything together and made the material stronger. Once dried, the final product matched plastic in strength but could fully break down. Using a 3D printer, they shaped the Mycofluid into items like packaging or statues. The material is heavier than plastic yet closer to the thickness of cardboard. It absorbed very little water, held its shape after drying, and could replace plastic packaging for delicate items. Meanwhile, all components are digestible, which helps to reduce plastic pollution. Working on a large scale (规模) with Mycofluid could be challenging because it depends on specific types of used coffee grounds. Still, the team is looking at other recycled materials. “This innovation highlights how everyday waste could help fire a greener future,” said Luo. “For example, we can transform used coffee into eco-friendly materials using natural growth processes.” 12. What motivated Luo Danli to start the research? A. The huge amount of coffee waste. B. The high cost of coffee production. C. The nutritional needs of mycelium. D. The popularity of coffee consumption. 13. What is the function of mushroom spores in creating Mycofluid? A. To create a protective layer. B. To help the material dry quickly. C. To provide food for the mycelium. D. To mix with coffee grounds smoothly. 14. What can be a broader significance of this innovation? A. Advancing 3D printing technology B. Fighting widespread fuel pollution C. Encouraging waste-to-resource approaches. D. Achieving consistent qualities of coffee beans. 15. What is the best title for the text? A The Challenges of Mycelium Coffee Materials B. The Environmental Impact of Coffee Consumption C. Coffee Grounds as Nutrients: A 3D Printing Solution D. Mycelium: Turning Coffee Waste into Green Products 【答案】12. A 13. A 14. C 15. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍华盛顿大学罗丹丽团队受大量咖啡渣启发，用其结合菌丝体研发Mycofluid，可制成环保塑料替代品，虽有规模化挑战，但具 “变废为宝” 的环保意义。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Yet, more than 70% of it becomes waste—1.1 billion pounds of used coffee grounds. These nutrient-rich leftovers inspired Luo Danli, a researcher at the University of Washington, to explore their potential. (然而，超过 70% 的咖啡会变成废物 ——11亿磅的咖啡渣。这些营养丰富的剩余物启发了华盛顿大学研究员罗丹丽去探索它们的潜力。)”可知，大量的咖啡废料是罗丹丽开展研究的动机。故选A项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“They then shot the mixture with mushroom spores (孢子), which can grow over the objects to form that solid skin. The skin turns the coffee grounds — even when formed into complex shapes — into a flexible and earth-friendly replacement for plastics. (随后，他们将混合物与蘑菇孢子一同喷洒随后这些孢子会在物体表面生长，进而形成一层坚固的表皮。这层表皮能让咖啡渣 —— 即便被塑造成复杂形状 —— 变身为一种柔韧且环保的塑料替代品。)”可知，蘑菇孢子的作用是形成保护层。故选A项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段““This innovation highlights how everyday waste could help fire a greener future,” said Luo. “For example, we can transform used coffee into eco-friendly materials using natural growth processes.” (罗表示：“这项创新凸显了日常废弃物如何助力打造更环保的未来。例如，我们可借助自然生长过程，将废弃咖啡渣转化为环保材料。”)”可知，该创新的广泛意义是推广“变废为宝”的方法。故选C项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文特别是第二段“Luo’s team then developed Mycofluid. It is a smooth mixture combining used coffee grounds, brown rice flour, mycelium, and other natural sticky items. They then shot the mixture with mushroom spores (孢子), which can grow over the objects to form that solid skin. The skin turns the coffee grounds — even when formed into complex shapes — into a flexible and earth-friendly replacement for plastics .(随后，罗的团队研发出了 “菌丝体”（Mycofluid）。这是一种顺滑的混合物，包含废弃咖啡渣、糙米粉、菌丝体及其他天然黏性物质。随后，他们将混合物与蘑菇孢子一同喷洒随后这些孢子会在物体表面生长，进而形成一层坚固的表皮。这层表皮能让咖啡渣 —— 即便被塑造成复杂形状 —— 变身为一种柔韧且环保的塑料替代品。)”可知，文章开篇介绍大量咖啡渣被浪费，接着讲述罗丹丽团队利用菌丝体和咖啡渣研发Mycofluid，将其转化为环保塑料替代品，最后强调该技术“变废为宝”的环保意义，核心是“菌丝体将咖啡废料转化为绿色产品”。故选D项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Eighth grader Sam Gerber carefully holds a knife to the surface of a red apple. ____16____ Beside him, his classmate Sabelle Guido waits to chop up the apple crisps (苹果脆). This is a family and consumer science class at Lincoln Middle School in Maine, US. ____17____ All eighth-graders at the school have to take it. In the class, students spend a third of their time on cooking and classic home economics: food safety, knife skills, folding clothes, setting a table, eating healthily and shopping. ____18____ It is not always easy to learn these skills. In the class, Sabelle Guido tried to cut butter into small pieces with a wooden spoon. Later, she learned that she should use a metal knife. Rhonda Mayer, who has been teaching the course for 31 years, thinks that kids need these skills. ____19____ Only three states require them. That means only about 5 million students will take them, according to a survey by the American Association of Family and Consumer Sciences. Nowadays, schools focus more on math, English and science classes. They think “home ec” classes are for future housewives. ____20____ Recently, a Maine lawmaker introduced a bill. It will require students to take a half-year name economics class. They won’t be able to graduate from school without taking the class. But it has not been voted on yet. A. Yet, things may be going to change. B. He slowly pulls the skin away in small pieces. C. The class is also known as “home ec”, short for home economics. D. However, across the US, “home ec” classes are not widely adopted. E. Basketball, rugby, volleyball, swimming are also available in the class. F. They also learn about money management, workplace skills and even childcare. G. He holds that kids couldn’t take good care of themselves without such common sense. 【答案】16. B 17. C 18. F 19. D 20. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国缅因州林肯中学的家庭与消费者科学课，讲述了课程内容、学习这些技能的难度及其在美国的推广情况和相关立法动态。 【16题详解】 上文“Eighth grader Sam Gerber carefully holds a knife to the surface of a red apple. (八年级学生山姆・格伯小心翼翼地把刀放在一个红苹果的表面)”描述了山姆拿刀切苹果的动作，B选项“他慢慢地把果皮一小块一小块地剥下来”承接上文，继续说明山姆剥苹果皮的动作，符合语境。故选B。 【17题详解】 上文“This is a family and consumer science class at Lincoln Middle School in Maine, US. (这是美国缅因州林肯中学的一门家庭与消费者科学课)”引出了这门课程，C选项“这门课也被称为“home ec”，是家庭经济学的缩写”对课程名称进行补充说明，且符合下文“All eighth-graders at the school have to take it. (学校所有的八年级学生都要参加它)”里it的指代，即C选项里的“the class”。故选C。 【18题详解】 上文“In the class, students spend a third of their time on cooking and classic home economics: food safety, knife skills, folding clothes, setting a table, eating healthily and shopping. (在课堂上，学生们会把三分之一的时间花在烹饪和经典的家庭经济学上：食品安全、用刀技巧、叠衣服、摆桌子、健康饮食和购物)”介绍了课程内容，F选项“他们还学习理财、工作技能甚至育儿知识”进一步说明课程中其他的学习内容，符合语境。故选F。 【19题详解】 上文“Rhonda Mayer, who has been teaching the course for 31 years, thinks that kids need these skills. (已经教了这门课31年的朗达・梅耶认为孩子们需要这些技能)”表明了朗达・梅耶对这门课具有必要性的看法，D选项“然而，在美国各地，“home ec”课程并没有被广泛采用”通过However转折，说明这门课在美国的推广情况并不理想，符合语境。故选D。 【20题详解】 下文“Recently, a Maine lawmaker introduced a bill. It will require students to take a half-year home economics class. They won’t be able to graduate from school without taking the class. But it has not been voted on yet. (最近，缅因州的一名议员提出了一项法案。该法案将要求学生参加一门为期半年的家庭经济学课程。不参加这门课，他们就不能从学校毕业。但该法案尚未进行投票)”讲述了有关这门课程的立法动态，根据法案内容可知，这门课程的现状可能有变，A选项“然而，情况可能会发生变化”引出下文，符合语境。故选A。 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 On Sunday, June 22, Alvaro Nuñez completed a cross-country cycling race and fulfilled his promise to his father. A month before the race. Alvaro was at a ____21____ point because of the stressful training. He called his dad for ____22____ but was informed that his dad was diagnosed (诊断) with cancer and would receive ____23____ at the same time as the race. However, his dad didn’t ____24____ him to be by his side. He thought Alvaro could give him more ____25____ by doing this race. Then they reached a(n) ____26____. “If I didn’t quit throughout the race, he wouldn’t quit throughout the treatment,” Alvaro recalled. “When you have a(n) ____27____, you feel unstoppable.” Race Across America is ____28____ considered one of the hardest challenges on the planet, lasting 12 days, over 3,000 miles, and 12 states. Alvaro ____29____ just one hour of sleep per night and lost feeling in his hands and feet. But he kept going for his dad. The two talked throughout the race on FaceTime. Every day before treatment, Alvaro’s dad begged the doctors to _____30_____ so he would be available when his son made it to the next checkpoint. The most _____31_____ moment came when Alvaro finally crossed the _____32_____ and saw his dad on the phone screen. “We have _____33_____ our battles that make us see how _____34_____ life can be,” Alvaro said, “It’s about how you react to the things that life _____35_____ at you. But never give up.” 21. A. starting B. breaking C. meeting D. thinking 22. A. support B. permission C. answer D. information 23. A. advice B. training C. treatment D. response 24. A. warn B. urge C. signal D. help 25. A. strength B. guidance C. freedom D. pressure 26. A. conclusion B. milestone C. objective D. agreement 27. A. secret B. assistant C. bond D. option 28. A. hardly B. historically C. widely D. personally 29. A. averaged B. required C. interrupted D. reduced 30. A. calm down B. show off C. hurry up D. set out 31 A. fortunate B. emotional C. awkward D. nervous 32. A. comfort zone B. road block C. culture gap D. finish line 33. A. shared B. failed C. launched D. avoided 34. A. short B. busy C. lonely D. tough 35. A. points B. shouts C. waves D. throws 【答案】21 B 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. D 27. C 28. C 29. A 30. C 31. B 32. D 33. A 34. D 35. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了阿尔瓦罗・努涅斯在父亲被诊断出癌症的情况下，依然完成了一场越野自行车赛，履行了与父亲的约定。父亲认为阿尔瓦罗参加比赛能给他带来力量，两人约定阿尔瓦罗在比赛中不放弃，父亲在治疗中也不放弃。 【21题详解】 考查形容词和名词词义辨析。句意：比赛前一个月，由于压力巨大的训练，阿尔瓦罗处于崩溃的边缘。A. starting开始的；B. breaking崩溃的；C. meeting会议；D. thinking思考的。根据下文“because of the stressful training ”可知，压力巨大的训练让阿尔瓦罗处于崩溃的状态。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他打电话给父亲寻求支持，但却得知父亲被诊断出患有癌症，并且将在比赛的同时接受治疗。A. support支持；B. permission允许；C. answer答案；D. information信息。根据上文“Alvaro was at a breaking point because of the stressful training”可知，阿尔瓦罗处于崩溃边缘，所以他打电话给父亲是为了寻求支持。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他打电话给父亲寻求支持，但却得知父亲被诊断出患有癌症，并且将在比赛的同时接受治疗。A. advice建议；B. training训练；C. treatment治疗；D. response回应。根据上文“his dad was diagnosed with cancer”可知，父亲被诊断出癌症，所以需要接受治疗。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，他的父亲并没有强烈要求他陪在身边。A. warn警告；B. urge强烈要求；C. signal发信号；D. help帮助。根据下文“He thought Alvaro could give him more strength by doing this race ”可知，父亲认为阿尔瓦罗参加比赛能给他带来更多力量，所以没有强烈要求他陪在身边。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他认为阿尔瓦罗通过参加这场比赛能给他更多力量。A. strength力量；B. guidance指导；C. freedom自由；D. pressure压力。根据下文“If I didn’t quit throughout the race, he wouldn’t quit throughout the treatment, Alvaro recalled.”可知，父亲把阿尔瓦罗参加比赛并坚持下去当作自己治疗的动力，所以父亲认为阿尔瓦罗参加比赛能给他带来力量。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后他们达成了一个协议。A. conclusion结论；B. milestone里程碑；C. objective目标；D. agreement协议。根据下文“ If I didn’t quit throughout the race, he wouldn’t quit throughout the treatment, Alvaro recalled.”可知，阿尔瓦罗和父亲约定他在比赛中不放弃，父亲在治疗中也不放弃，这是他们达成的一个协议。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当你有了一种联系，你就会觉得自己不可阻挡。A. secret秘密；B. assistant助手；C. bond联系；D. option选择。根据上文“If I didn’t quit throughout the race, he wouldn’t quit throughout the treatment, Alvaro recalled.”可知，阿尔瓦罗和父亲通过这个约定建立了一种联系，这种联系让他觉得自己不可阻挡。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：穿越美国比赛被广泛认为是地球上最艰难的挑战之一，持续12天，跨越3000多英里，经过 12 个州。A. hardly几乎不；B. historically在历史上；C. widely广泛地；D. personally个人地。根据常识可知，穿越美国 比赛是一场非常艰难的比赛，它被广泛认为是地球上最艰难的挑战之一。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：阿尔瓦罗平均每晚只睡一个小时，手脚也失去了知觉。A. averaged平均；B. required要求；C. interrupted打断；D. reduced减少。根据上文“Race Across America is widely considered one of the hardest challenges on the planet”可知，穿越美国 比赛非常艰难，所以阿尔瓦罗平均每晚只睡一个小时。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：每天治疗前，阿尔瓦罗的父亲都会恳求医生快点，这样当他的儿子到达下一个检查点时，他就能有空（和儿子视频）。A. calm down冷静下来；B. show off炫耀；C. hurry up快点；D. set out出发。根据下文“so he would be available when his son made it to the next checkpoint”可知，父亲希望在儿子到达下一个检查点时能有空和他视频，所以恳求医生快点。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当阿尔瓦罗最终冲过终点线，在手机屏幕上看到他的父亲时，最激动人心的时刻来了。A. fortunate幸运的；B. emotional激动人心的；C. awkward尴尬的；D. nervous紧张的。根据上文“Alvaro finally crossed the finish line and saw his dad on the phone screen”可知，阿尔瓦罗完成了比赛，并且看到了父亲，这是一个激动人心的时刻。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查名词短语辨析。句意：当阿尔瓦罗最终冲过终点线，在手机屏幕上看到他的父亲时，最激动人心的时刻来了。A. comfort zone舒适区；B. road block路障；C. culture gap文化差异；D. finish line终点线。根据上文“Alvaro finally crossed”可知，阿尔瓦罗冲过了终点线。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：阿尔瓦罗说：我们已经分享了我们的战斗，这让我们看到生活可以多么艰难。A. shared分享；B. failed失败；C. launched发起；D. avoided避免。根据上文可知，阿尔瓦罗和父亲都经历了困难，他们通过约定分享了彼此的战斗。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：阿尔瓦罗说：我们已经分享了我们的战斗，这让我们看到生活可以多么艰难。A. short短的；B. busy忙的；C. lonely孤独的；D. tough艰难的。根据上文“Alvaro was at a breaking point because of the stressful training”以及“his dad was diagnosed with cancer”可知，阿尔瓦罗和父亲都经历了困难，所以他们意识到生活是多么艰难。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这关乎你如何应对生活抛给你的事情。但永远不要放弃。A. points指向；B. shouts喊叫；C. waves挥手；D. throws抛。根据语境可知，这里指生活抛给人们的事情，通常指意料之外的事情，用throws符合语境。故选D。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Have you ever struggled with English spelling? You’re not alone. ____36____ the 17th century, scholars have protested against its irregularities. Words from German, Latin, French, and Greek follow different spelling rules, making uniformity ____37____(possible). Over time, these systems mixed, ____38____(form) the spelling we use today. Many Latin-rooted words entered English through French after the Norman Conquest (诺曼征服). Old English, a Germanic language, was replaced by French in official contexts for 300 years. When English ____39____(return), it was heavily French-influenced, and spelling lacked standardization with French rules dominating, making it difficult for people to read and write consistently. Even in Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales, the same word ____40____(spell) differently. Standardization began in the 15th century with the printing press, which froze spellings based on ___41___(pronounce) of that time. However, between 1450 and 1750, English underwent ____42____ Great Vowel Shift (元音大推移), changing the sound system while spelling remained unchanged. Supporters of spelling reform argue that sound-based adjustments would improve reading and writing skills. Others oppose this, ____43____(convince) that current spellings preserve linguistic history. For example, the word “knight” reflects its Old English roots, ____44____ silent letters, like “k” and “gh” suggest how the word was once pronounced. The debate continues. Should English “fix” its spelling, or is the system a _____45_____(value) key to understanding language evolution (进化)? 【答案】36. Since 37. impossible 38. forming 39. returned 40. was spelled ##was spelt 41. pronunciation 42. the 43. convinced 44. and 45. valuable 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了英语拼写的演变历史，包括不同语言的影响、拼写标准化的尝试及改革争议，探讨了英语拼写是否应“修正”以更好理解语言进化。 【36题详解】 考查介词。句意：自17世纪以来，学者们就一直在抗议英语拼写的不规则性。结合后文the 17th century以及后文的have protested（现在完成时）可知，此处表示“自……以来”应用介词since，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Since。 【37题详解】 考查形容词。句意：来自德语、拉丁语、法语和希腊语的单词遵循不同的拼写规则，使得统一成为不可能。设空处使用形容词作宾补，结合句意表示“不可能的”应用形容词impossible。故填impossible。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：随着时间的推移，这些系统混合在一起，形成了我们今天使用的拼写。句中mixed为谓语动词，form在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语these systems构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填forming。 【39题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：当英语回归时，它深受法语的影响，拼写缺乏标准化，法语规则占主导地位，这使得人们很难始终如一地读写。根据上文“Old English, a Germanic language, was replaced by French in official contexts for 300 years.”可知描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填returned。 【40题详解】 考查动词时态语态。句意：即使在乔叟的《坎特伯雷故事集》中，同一个单词的拼写也不同。主语与谓语构成被动关系，且描述过去发生的事情应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为the same word，谓语用单数。故填was spelled或was spelt。 【41题详解】 考查名词。句意：标准化始于15世纪的印刷术，它根据当时的发音固定了拼写。此处作介词的宾语，应用名词pronunciation，表示抽象概念为不可数。故填pronunciation。 【42题详解】 考查冠词。句意：然而，在1450年至1750年间，英语经历了大元音移位，音系发生了变化，而拼写保持不变。Great Vowel Shift此处表示特指应用定冠词the。故填the。 【43题详解】 考查形容词。句意：其他人反对这一点，他们深信当前的拼写保留了语言历史。句中oppose为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，be convinced that为固定结构，此处others与convince之间是被动关系，故使用过去分词作状语。故填convinced。 【44题详解】 考查连词。句意：例如，“knight”这个单词反映了其源自古英语的词源，并且那些无声的字母，如“k”和“gh”，则暗示了该单词曾经的发音方式。设空处使用连词连接前后两个句子，前后两句话表示并列关系，用and。故填and。 【45题详解】 考查形容词。句意：英语应该“修正”它的拼写，还是这个系统是理解语言进化的宝贵钥匙？修饰后文名词key应用形容词valuable，作定语。故填valuable。 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你班正筹备“九三阅兵”双语图片展。在翻译“不畏强暴”这一体现民族气概短语时，外教Paul提供了两个参考翻译：“fear no one”和“fear no oppression(压迫) or force”供大家讨论。请给Paul写一封邮件，内容包括： 1.你的选择； 2.说明理由。 注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Paul, I’m writing to share my choice for the translation. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Paul, I’m writing to share my choice for the translation. I prefer “fear no oppression or force”. “Fear no one” is too general and doesn’t specifically convey the meaning of not being afraid of the kind of “oppression or force” that shows national integrity. However, “fear no oppression or force” directly reflects the spirit of standing up against tyranny and violence, which is more accurate and powerful in conveying the national spirit. And it can clearly points out the specific aspects that the nation is not afraid of, which better matches the connotation of “fear no one”. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外教Paul写邮件，阐述对于“不畏强暴”这一短语翻译的选择，并说明理由。 【详解】1.词汇积累 偏爱：prefer→favor 传达：convey→express 反映：reflect→mirror 精确的：accurate→precise 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I prefer “fear no oppression or force”. 拓展句：I prefer the one which is “fear no oppression or force”. 【点睛】【高分句型1】“Fear no one” is too general and doesn’t specifically convey the meaning of not being afraid of the kind of “oppression or force” that shows national integrity.（运用了that引导的限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】However, “fear no oppression or force” directly reflects the spirit of standing up against tyranny and violence, which is more accurate and powerful in conveying the national spirit. （运用了动名词作宾语以及which引导非限制性定语从句） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I have always been quiet and shy. While my classmates enjoyed big parties, I felt most comfortable alone with my sketchbook (速写本). But deep inside my heart I dreamed of an adventure — I hoped one day I could drive a car on a long, open road, stopping somewhere remote to paint beautiful landscapes. My dad knew about this dream. “When you graduate and get your driver’s license,” he said to me, “you can borrow my car.” Those words became my goal. I couldn’t wait for that! That day came in the summer after graduation. My dad handed me the key to his old car as promised. My heart beat fast as I sat in the driver’s seat. This was it — my first taste of independence! I backed out of the driveway onto our quiet street. For a few seconds, I felt free. But then, disaster struck. I turned too early and crashed into a streetlight. The joy was gone. I saw the damage — a big dent (凹痕) in the front. My dad came out. He wasn’t angry, but he was serious. “You need to get it fixed,” he said. I knew he was right, but how could I afford the repair? I tried to find a part-time job, but failed: the local restaurant needed experienced staff, and the supermarket wasn’t hiring. I thought about drawing portraits for people on the street, but the idea made me deeply uncomfortable. How could one as shy as me ask strangers to pay for a drawing? After days of worry, I forced myself to be brave. I gathered my drawing supplies, picked out my best artworks, and went to the busy night market. I found a small empty spot, set up my easel (画架) and put my drawings on display. As I waited, I felt my face burning. Would people laugh at me? But to my surprise, people started to stop and look. They seemed interested in my drawings. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 After a short while, a middle-aged man with a friendly face walked up. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ That summer, I painted for many different people at the night market every evening. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 After a short while, a middle-aged man with a friendly face walked up. He stared at my drawings for a moment and then asked, “Are these all drawn by you?” I nodded timidly. He smiled and said, “They’re really wonderful. Could you draw a portrait for me?” I was astonished but quickly agreed. As I drew, we chatted. He shared that he loved art too and encouraged me to keep going. When I finished, he paid me generously and thanked me. This gave me a huge boost of confidence. That summer, I painted for many different people at the night market every evening. Some wanted portraits, others asked for landscape drawings. With each painting, I became a little bit more confident. I started to talk to customers more easily, sharing stories behind my art. Gradually, I earned enough money to repair my dad’s car. More importantly, I discovered that I could overcome my shyness through art and connect with others. This adventure, though starting from a mistake, turned out to be a precious experience that helped me grow. 【解析】 【导语】本文以为修车赚钱在夜市画画的经历为线索展开，讲述了“我”从害羞胆怯到逐渐克服困难、收获自信与成长的故事。 详解】 1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“过了一会儿，一位面容友好的中年男子走了过来”可知，第一段可描写中年男子对“我”画作的认可，找“我”画像，以及这次互动给“我”带来的影响。 ②由第二段首句内容“那年夏天，我每天晚上在夜市为许多不同的人作画”可知，第二段可描写“我”整个夏天在夜市画画的经历，包括与不同顾客的交流、赚钱修车以及自身的成长变化。 2.续写线索：中年男子认可并找 “我” 画像——获得信心——持续夜市作画——赚够修车钱——克服羞怯并成长 3.词汇激活 行为类 ① 凝视：stare at/ gaze at ② 激励、鼓舞：encourage/ inspire/ motivate ③ 修理：repair/ fix/ mend 情绪类 ① 惊讶的：astonished/ surprised ② 自信的：confident/ self-assured 【点睛】【高分句型1】I started to talk to customers more easily, sharing stories behind my art. (运用了现在分词作状语) 【高分句型2】This adventure, though starting from a mistake, turned out to be a precious experience that helped me grow. (运用了状语从句的省略和that引导的定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $