精品解析：天津市第二十中学2025-2026学年高一上学期第一次月考英语试题

2025-2026第一学期高一年级英语学科学情调研（一） 第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. I’m trying to break the of getting up too late. A. tradition B. convenience C. habit D. leisure 2. My parents   in Hong Kong. They were born there and have never lived anywhere else. A. live B. lived C. were living D. will live 3. ---- We’re organizing a party next Saturday, and I’d like you to come. ---- _______! I have another one that day. Thank you just the same. A. Good luck B. What a pity C. Never do it again D. Well done 4. ______ the project in time, the staff were working at weekends. A. Competing B. Having completed C. To have completed D. To complete 5. A person   e-mail account is full won't be able to send or receive any e-mails. A. who B. whom C. whose D. whoever 6. ---- Sorry, I have to ______ now. It’s time for class. ---- OK, I’ll call back later. A. hang up B. break up C. give up D. hold up 7. It is obvious to the students ______ they should get well prepared for their future. A. as B. which C. whether D. that 8. Don’t worry if you don’t understand everything, the teacher will ______ the main points at the end. A. recover B. review C. require D. remember 9. ________ by the advances in technology, many farmers have set up wind farms on their land. A. Being encouraged B. Encouraging C. Encouraged D. Having encouraged 10. The art show was ______ being a failure; it was a great success. A. far from B. along with C. next to D. regardless of 11. —Putting on a happy face not only helps us make friends but also makes us feel better. —_______. A. I’d love to B. I'm with you on that C. It’s up to you D. It’s my pleasure 12. It was a nice house, but _______ too small for a family of live. A. rarely B. fairly C. rather D. pretty 13. Mark ______ have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early. A. needn’t B. wouldn’t C. mustn’t D. couldn’t 14. Traditional folk arts of Tianjin like paper cutting ______ at the culture show of the 2010 Shanghai World Expo. A. are exhibiting B. is exhibiting C. are being exhibited D. is being exhibited 15. People have always been_______ about exactly how life on earth began. A. curious B. excited C. anxious D. careful 第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分） I fell in love with Yosemite National Park the first time I saw it, when I was 13. My parents took us there for camping. On the way out, I asked them to wait while I ran up to E1 Capitan, a ___16___ rock of 3,300 feet straight up. I touched that giant rock and knew ___17___ I wanted to climb it. That has been my life’s passion (钟爱) ever since— ___18___ the rocks and mountains of Yosemite. I’ve long made Yosemite my ___19___. About 15 years ago I started seeing a lot of ___20___, like toilet paper, beer cans, and empty boxes, around the area. It’s ___21___ me why visitors started respecting the place ___22___ and treated such a beautiful home-like place this way. I tried ___23___ trash (垃圾) myself, but the job was too big. I would ___24___an hour or two on the job, only to find the area trashed all over again weeks later. Finally, I got so ___25___ it that I decided something had to change. As a rock-climbing guide, I knew ____26____about organizing any big event. But in 2004, together with some climbers, I set a date for a ____27____. On that day, more than 300 people ____28____. Over three days we collected about 6,000 pounds of trash. It was amazing how much we were able to ____29____. I couldn’t believe the ____30____ we made—the park looked clean! Each year volunteers come for the cleanup from everywhere. In 2007 alone, 2,945 people picked up 42,330 pounds of trash and ____31____ 132 miles of roadway. I often hear people ____32____ about their surroundings. If you are one of them, I would say the only way to change things is by ____33____ rather than complaining. We need to teach by ____34____. You can’t blame others ____35____ you start with yourself. 16. A. distant B. huge C. narrow D. loose 17. A. immediately B. finally C. gradually D. recently 18. A. imagining B. painting C. describing D. climbing 19. A. garden B. home C. lab D. palace 20. A. material B. resources C. waste D. goods 21. A. beyond B. against C. over D. within 22. A. more B. most C. less D. least 23. A. throwing away B. picking up C. breaking down D. digging out 24. A. kill B. save C. wait D. spend 25. A. satisfied with B. delighted in C. tired of D. used to 26. A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing 27 A. cleanup B. party C. picnic D. concert 28. A. dropped out B. showed up C. looked around D. called back 29. A. demand B. receive C. accomplish D. overcome 30. A. plan B. visit C. contact D. difference 31. A. crossed B. measured C. covered D. designed 32. A. talk B. complain C. argue D. quarrel 33. A. doing B. thinking C. questioning D. watching 34. A. method B. explanation C. example D. research 35. A. although B. if C. when D. unless 第三节：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Bicycle Safety Operation Always ride your bike in a safe, controlled manner on campus (校园). Obey rules and regulations. Watch out for walkers and other bicyclists, and always use your lights in dark conditions. Theft Prevention Always securely lock your bicycle to a bicycle rack -- even if you are only away for a minute. Register your bike with the University Department of Public Safety. It's fast, easy, and free. Registration permanently records your serial number, which is useful in the possible recovery of the bike stolen. Equipment * Brakes Make sure that they are in good working order and adjusted properly. * Helmet A necessity, make sure your helmet meets current safety standards and fits properly. * Lights Always have a front headlight -- visible at least 500 feet in front of the bike. A taillight is a good idea. Rules of the Road Riding on Campus As a bicycle rider, you have a responsibility to ride only on streets and posted bicycle paths. Riding on sidewalks or other walkways can lead to a fine. The speed limit for bicycles on campus is 15 mph, unless otherwise posted. Always give the right of ways to walkers. If you are involved in an accident, you are required to offer appropriate aid, call the Department of Public Safety and remain at the scene until the officer lets you go. Bicycle Parking Only park in areas reserved for bikes. Trees, handrails, hallways, and sign posts are not for bicycle parking, and parking in such posts can result in a fine. If Things Go Wrong If you break the rules, you will be fined. Besides violating rules while riding bicycles on campus, you could be fined for: * No bicycle registration --------------------------$25 * Bicycle parking banned ---------------------------$30 * Blocking path with bicycle ----------------------$40 * Violation of bicycle equipment requirement ------$35 36. Registration of your bicycle may help you ________. A. find your stolen bicycle B. get your serial number C. receive free repair services D. settle conflicts with walkers 37. According to the passage, what bike equipment is a free choice for bicycle riders? A. Brakes. B. A helmet. C. A headlight. D. A taillight. 38. When you ride a bicycle on the campus, ________. A. ride on posted bicycle paths and sidewalks B. cycle at a speed of over 15 mph C. put the walkers' right of way first D. call the police before leaving in case of accident 39. If you lock your bicycle to a tree on the campus, you could be fined _________. A. $25 B. $30 C. $35 D. $40 40. What is the passage mainly about? A. A guide for safe bicycling on campus. B. Directions for bicycle tour on campus. C. Regulations of bicycle race on campus. D. Rules for riding motor vehicles on campus. B I am a writer. I spend a great deal of my time thinking about the power of language—the way it can evoke(唤起) an emotion, a visual image, a complex idea, or a simple truth. Language is the tool of my trade. And I use them all—all the Englishes I grew up with. Born into a Chinese family that had recently arrived in California, I’ve been giving more thought to the kind of English my mother speaks. Like others, I have described it to people as “broken” English. But feel embarrassed to say that. It has always bothered me that I can think of no way to describe it other than “broken”, as if it were damaged and needed to be fixed, as if it lacked a certain wholeness. I’ve heard other terms used, “limited English,” for example. But they seem just as bad, as if everything is limited, including people’s perceptions(认识) of the limited English speaker. I know this for a fact, because when I was growing up, my mother’s “limited” English limited my perception of her. I was ashamed of her English. I believed that her English rejected the quality of what she had to say. That is because she expressed them imperfectly her thoughts were imperfect. And I had plenty of evidence to support me: the fact that people in department stores, at banks, and at restaurants did not take her seriously, did not give her good service, pretended not to understand her, or even acted as if they did not hear her. I started writing fiction in 1985. And for reasons I won’t get into today, I began to write stories using all the Englishes I grew up with: the English she used with me, which for lack of a better term might be described as “broken”, and what I imagine to be her translation of her Chinese, her internal(内在的) language, and for that I sought to preserve the essence, but neither an English nor a Chinese structure: I wanted to catch what language ability tests can never show; her intention, her feelings, the rhythms of her speech and the nature of her thoughts. 41. By saying “Language is the tool of my trade”, the author means that ________. A. she uses English in foreign trade B. she is fascinated by languages C. she works as a translator D. she is a writer by profession 42. The author used to think of her mother’s English as ________. A. impolite B. amusing C. imperfect D. practical 43. Which of the following is TRUE according to Paragraph 3? A. Americans do not understand broken English. B. The author’s mother was not respected sometimes. C. The author’s mother had positive influence on her D. Broken English always reflects imperfect thoughts. 44. The author gradually realizes her mother’s English is ________. A. well structured B. in the old style C. easy to translate D. rich in meaning 45. What is the passage mainly about? A. The changes of the author’s attitude to her mother’s English. B. The limitation of the author’s perception of her mother. C. The author’s misunderstanding of “limited” English. D The author’s experiences of using broken English. C Too much TV-watching can harm children’s ability to learn and even reduce their chances of getting a college degree, new studies suggest in the latest effort to examine the effects of television on children. One of the studies looked at nearly 400 northern California third-graders. Those with TVs in their bedrooms scored about eight points lower on math and language arts tests than children without bedroom TVs. A second study, looking at nearly 1000 grown-ups in New Zealand, found lower education levels among 26-year-olds who had watched lots of TV during childhood. But the results don’t prove that TV is the cause and don’t rule out that already poorly motivated youngsters (年轻人) may watch lots of TV. Their study measured the TV habits of 26-year-olds between ages 5 and 15. These with college degrees had watched an average of less than two hours of TV per weeknight during childhood, compared with an average of more than 2 1/2 hours of those who had no education beyond high school. In the California study, children with TVs in their rooms but no computer at home scored the lowest while those with no bedroom TV but who had home computers scored the highest. While this study does not prove that bedroom TV sets caused the lower scores, it adds to accumulating findings that children shouldn’t have TVs in their bedrooms. 46. According to the California study, the low-scoring group might _______. A. have watched a lot of TV B. not be interested in math C. be unable to go to college D. have had computers in their bedrooms 47. What is the researchers’ understanding of the New Zealand study results? A. Poorly motivated 26-year-olds watch more T.V. B. Habits of TV watching reduce learning interest. C TV watching leads to lower education levels of the 15-year-olds. D. The connection between TV and education levels is difficult to explain. 48. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs? A. More time should be spent on computers. B. Children should be forbidden from watching TV. C. TV sets shouldn’t be allowed in children’s bedrooms. D. Further studies on high-achieving students should be done. 49. What would be the best title for this text? A. Computers or Television B. Effects of Television on Children C. Studies on TV and College Education D. Television and Children’s Learning Habits 50. Which of the following is the most likely source of this passage? A. A children’s storybook. B. A scientific research journal. C. A fashion magazine. D. A cookery book. D Why play games?Because they are fun,and a lot more besides.Following the rules...planning your next move...acting as a team member...these are all “game” ideas that you will come across throughout your life. Think about some of the games you played as a young child,such as rope-jumping and hide-and-seek.Such games are entertaining and fun.But perhaps more importantly,they translate life into exciting dreams that teach children some of the basic rules they will be expected to follow the rest of their lives,such as taking turns and cooperating(合作). Many children’s games have a practical side.Children around the world play games that prepare them for work they will do as grown-ups.For instance,some Saudi Arabian children play a game called bones,which sharpens the hand-eye coordination(协调) needed in hunting. Many sports encourage national or local pride.The most famous games of all,the Olympic Games,bring athletes from around the world together to take part in friendly competition.People who watch the event wave flags,knowing that a gold medal is a win for an entire country,not just the athlete who earned it.For countries experiencing natural disasters or war,an Olympic win can mean so much. Sports are also an event that unites people.Soccer is the most popular sport in the world.People on all continents play it—some for fun and some for a living.Nicolette Iribarne,a Califomian soccer player,has discovered a way to spread hope through soccer.He created a foundation to provide poor children with not only soccer balls but also a promising future. Next time you play your favorite game or sport,think about why you enjoy it,what skills are needed,and whether these skills will help you in other aspects of your life. 51. Through playing hide-and-seek,children are expected to learn to 　　　. A. be a team leader B. obey the basic rules C. act as a grown-up D. predict possible danger 52. The underlined part in Paragraph 2 most probably means that games can 　　　. A. describe life in an exciting way B. turn real-life experiences into a play C. make learning life skills more interesting D. change people’s views of sporting events 53. According to the passage,why is winning Olympic medals so encouraging? A. It inspires people’s deep love for the country. B. It proves the exceptional skills of the winners. C. It helps the country out of natural disasters. D. It earns the winners fame and fortune. 54. Iribarne’s goal of forming the foundation is to 　　　. A bring fun to poor kids B. provide soccer balls for children C. give poor kids a chance for a better life D. appeal to soccer players to help poor kids 55. What can be inferred from the passage? A. Games benefit people all their lives. B Sports can get all athletes together. C. People are advised to play games for fun. D. Sports increase a country’s competitiveness. 第四节：阅读理解（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文,并按照题目要求用英语回答问题. Almost everybody in America will spend a part of his or her life behind a shopping cart(购物手推车). They will, in a lifetime, push the chrome-plate contraptions many miles. But few will know—or even think to ask—who it was that invented them. Sylvan N. Goldman invented the shopping cart in 1937. At that time he was in the supermarket business. Every day he would see shoppers lugging(吃力地携带) groceries around in baskets they had to carry. One day Goldman suddenly had the idea of putting baskets on wheels. The wheeled baskets would make shopping much easier for his customers, and would help to attract more business. On June 4, 1937, Goldman’s first carts were ready for use in his market. He was terribly excited on the morning of that day as customers began arriving. He couldn’t wait to see them using his invention. But Goldman was disappointed. Most shoppers gave the carts a long look, but hardly anybody would give them a try. After a while, Goldman decided to ask customers why they weren’t using his carts. “Don’t you think this arm is strong enough to carry a shopping basket?” one shopper replied. But Goldman wasn’t beaten yet. He knew his carts would be a great success if only he could persuade people to give them a try. To this end, Goldman hired a group of people to push carts around his market and pretend they were shopping! Seeing this, the real customers gradually began copying the phony(假冒的) customers. As Goldman had hoped, the carts were soon attracting larger and larger numbers of customers to his market. But not only did more people come—those who came bought more. With larger, easier-to-handle baskets, customers unconsciously bought a greater number of items than before. Today’s shopping carts are five times larger than Goldman’s original model. Perhaps that’s one reason Americans today spend more than five times as much money on food each year as they did before 1937—before the coming of the shopping cart. 56. The underlined words “chrome-plate contraptions” in Paragraph 1 refer to ______. (No more than 3 words) __________________ 57. What was the purpose of Goldman’s invention? (No more than 10 words) __________________ 58. Why was Goldman disappointed at first? (No more than 10 words) __________________ 59. Why did Goldman hire people to push carts around his market?(No more than 10 words) __________________ 60. What do you think of Goldman? Please give your reasons. (No more than 20 words) __________________ 听力（共两节） 第一节 听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What size shoes will the woman probably bring? A.6. B.7. C.8. 2 What will the weather be like tomorrow? A. Sunny. B. Cloudy. C. Rainy. 3. Where is the magazine now? A. On a table. B. Beside a computer. C. In front of a television. 4. How does the man feel about the woman? A. Worried. B. Confident. C. Angry. 5. What are the speakers discussing? A. How to choose a good movie. B. Where to see a movie. C. What movie to see. 第二节 听下面几段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。 请听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6. What sport did Paul play? A. Golf. B. Football. C. Basketball. 7. Who showed little interest in the sports afternoon? A. Tom. B. Anne. C. Susan. 请听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8. What did the woman like doing before she was about ten? A. Playing computer games. B. Climbing mountains. C. Snowboarding. 9. What does the woman’s father think of sailing? A. Dangerous. B. Exciting. C. Expensive. 请听下面一段较长对话，问答以下小题。 10. Who bought the man a camera? A. Mary. B. Harry. C. James. 11. What present did Thomas give the man? A. A video. B. A book. C. A sweater. 12. What does the man think of Amy’s present? A. Expensive. B. Lovely. C. Disappointing. 请听下面一段独白，问答以下小题。 13. Who are the listeners? A. Sportsmen. B. Tennis fans. C. Reporters. 14. What are the listeners asked to do? A. Dress nicely for interviews. B. Use microphones when asking questions. C. Leave telephones outside the interview area. 15. What will happen next? A. The audience will show their ID cards. B. A tennis player will answer questions. C. The audience will leave the meeting 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026第一学期高一年级英语学科学情调研（一） 第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. I’m trying to break the of getting up too late. A. tradition B. convenience C. habit D. leisure 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我正在努力改掉起床晚的习惯。由关键词getting up too late“起的晚”和“习惯”搭配合适，意思是“晚起的习惯”；A. tradition传统；B. convenience方便，便利；C. habit习惯；D. leisure休闲，空闲。故选C。 2. My parents   in Hong Kong. They were born there and have never lived anywhere else. A. live B. lived C. were living D. will live 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：我的父母在香港生活。他们在那里出生，从未在其他地方生活过。根据第二句“They were born there and have never lived anywhere else.”（他们在那里出生，从未在其他地方生活过）可知，“我的父母在香港生活”为目前的状况，应该用一般现在时，故选A。 3. ---- We’re organizing a party next Saturday, and I’d like you to come. ---- _______! I have another one that day. Thank you just the same. A. Good luck B. What a pity C. Never do it again D. Well done 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查交际用语。句意：----我们下周六组织一个聚会，我希望你能来。----真遗憾!那天我还有一个。还是要谢谢你。A. Good luck 祝你好运；B. What a pity真遗憾； C. Never do it again再不要这样了； D.Well done做的好，真棒。上句邀请对方，但下句由I have another one that day.可以看出那天不能去，此处答语应该是委婉回绝，what a pity “太遗憾”的意思符合语境。故选B项。 4. ______ the project in time, the staff were working at weekends. A. Competing B. Having completed C. To have completed D. To complete 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了及时完成这个项目，员工们周末都在工作。根据后句the staff were working at weekends.可知，在周末一直在工作的目的就是按时完成工程，所以用不定式做目的状语。故选D。 5. A person   e-mail account is full won't be able to send or receive any e-mails. A. who B. whom C. whose D. whoever 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：一个人的电子邮箱满了，就不能收发电子邮件了。先行词为a person，与从句中e-mail account之间为所属关系，用whose引导定语从句，故选C。 6. ---- Sorry, I have to ______ now. It’s time for class. ---- OK, I’ll call back later. A. hang up B. break up C. give up D. hold up 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：—对不起，我不得不挂断电话了，上课的时间到了。—好的，我晚些时候再打过来。 A.hang up挂断电话，使…等候；B.break up分解，关系破裂；C .give up放弃；D. hold up举起，坚持，抢劫。根据句意可知前者表示要上课了，必须挂断电话了。故A正确。 7. It is obvious to the students ______ they should get well prepared for their future. A. as B. which C. whether D. that 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：对学生们来说很明显，他们应该为将来做好充分的准备。本题中的it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的they should get well prepared for their future句子成分齐全，所以使用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导。故D正确。 【点睛】名词性从句的考查集中在引导词的选择上，连接词that只起连接作用；连接代词who(ever)，which(ever)，whom(ever)，whose(ever)，what(ever)在句中做主语，宾语，表语和定语；连接副词when, why, where, how，在句中做状语。应从上下句的句法关系着手分析，切不可“望句形生答案”。总的来说，考生在解答此类型时，可用排除法或造句法，造句法就是仿造原句的语法功能仿造出一个易懂易理解的句子，帮助判断。 8. Don’t worry if you don’t understand everything, the teacher will ______ the main points at the end. A. recover B. review C. require D. remember 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。 句意：如果你什么都不懂，不用担心，老师会在最后复习要点。A. recover恢复； C. review回顾，总结; C. require需要，要求；D. remember记得。根据“he main points at the end”可知，review符合句意。故选B。 9. ________ by the advances in technology, many farmers have set up wind farms on their land. A. Being encouraged B. Encouraging C. Encouraged D. Having encouraged 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：被科技的进步鼓舞着，很多农民在自己的土地上建起了风力发电厂。逗号前面的是非谓语动词做状语，encourage和这句话的主语many farmers是被动关系，用过去分词做状语。故选C。 10. The art show was ______ being a failure; it was a great success. A. far from B. along with C. next to D. regardless of 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：这次艺术展不是失败，而是成功的。A. far from远非，完全不；B. along with与……一起；C. next to几乎，差不多；D. regardless of不管，不顾。根据“it was a great success”可知，这次艺术展不是失败。故选A项。 11. —Putting on a happy face not only helps us make friends but also makes us feel better. —_______. A. I’d love to B. I'm with you on that C. It’s up to you D. It’s my pleasure 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查交际用语以及习惯表达。句意：---脸上带有幸福的表情不仅能帮我们交到朋友还可以使我们心情变好。---在这点上我同意你的说法。A. I’d love to 我愿意； B. I’m with you on that我赞同； C. It’s up to you 由你决定； D. It’s my pleasure别客气。根据语境表示同意，故选B。 12. It was a nice house, but _______ too small for a family of live. A. rarely B. fairly C. rather D. pretty 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查副词用。句意：那是一所不错的房子，但对一个家庭来说太小了。A . rarely罕见，稀少；B. fairly相当地；C. rather相当； D. pretty相当地。B、D选择项意思用法相近表示褒义，但程度大于后者；rather表示贬义，尤其能和比较级和too连用。故选C。 13. Mark ______ have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early. A. needn’t B. wouldn’t C. mustn’t D. couldn’t 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 考查情态动词。句意：迈克本不必要着急的。他以全速驾驶后，他早到了半个小时。结合“他早到了半个小时”可知，迈克本不必要着急的，need’t have done 表示“本不必要做某事却做了”，wouldn’t不会，mustn’t禁止，couldn’t不可能，故选A。 14. Traditional folk arts of Tianjin like paper cutting ______ at the culture show of the 2010 Shanghai World Expo. A are exhibiting B. is exhibiting C. are being exhibited D. is being exhibited 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：传统的天津的剪纸艺术正在2010年的上海世博会上展出。主语Traditional folk arts和exhibit为被动关系，需用被动语态，排除A项和B项；主语是复数名词，be动词用are。故选C。 15. People have always been_______ about exactly how life on earth began. A. curious B. excited C. anxious D. careful 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：人们总是对地球上生命的起源很好奇。A. curious好奇的；B. excited兴奋的；C. anxious焦虑的；D. careful小心的。根据句意可知，此处为固定短语be curious about“对......感到好奇”。故选A。 第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分） I fell in love with Yosemite National Park the first time I saw it, when I was 13. My parents took us there for camping. On the way out, I asked them to wait while I ran up to E1 Capitan, a ___16___ rock of 3,300 feet straight up. I touched that giant rock and knew ___17___ I wanted to climb it. That has been my life’s passion (钟爱) ever since— ___18___ the rocks and mountains of Yosemite. I’ve long made Yosemite my ___19___. About 15 years ago I started seeing a lot of ___20___, like toilet paper, beer cans, and empty boxes, around the area. It’s ___21___ me why visitors started respecting the place ___22___ and treated such a beautiful home-like place this way. I tried ___23___ trash (垃圾) myself but the job was too big. I would ___24___an hour or two on the job, only to find the area trashed all over again weeks later. Finally, I got so ___25___ it that I decided something had to change. As a rock-climbing guide, I knew ____26____about organizing any big event. But in 2004, together with some climbers, I set a date for a ____27____. On that day, more than 300 people ____28____. Over three days we collected about 6,000 pounds of trash. It was amazing how much we were able to ____29____. I couldn’t believe the ____30____ we made—the park looked clean! Each year volunteers come for the cleanup from everywhere. In 2007 alone, 2,945 people picked up 42,330 pounds of trash and ____31____ 132 miles of roadway. I often hear people ____32____ about their surroundings. If you are one of them, I would say the only way to change things is by ____33____ rather than complaining. We need to teach by ____34____. You can’t blame others ____35____ you start with yourself. 16. A. distant B. huge C. narrow D. loose 17. A. immediately B. finally C. gradually D. recently 18. A. imagining B. painting C. describing D. climbing 19. A. garden B. home C. lab D. palace 20. A. material B. resources C. waste D. goods 21. A. beyond B. against C. over D. within 22. A. more B. most C. less D. least 23. A. throwing away B. picking up C. breaking down D. digging out 24. A. kill B. save C. wait D. spend 25. A. satisfied with B. delighted in C. tired of D. used to 26. A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing 27. A. cleanup B. party C. picnic D. concert 28. A. dropped out B. showed up C. looked around D. called back 29. A. demand B. receive C. accomplish D. overcome 30. A. plan B. visit C. contact D. difference 31. A. crossed B. measured C. covered D. designed 32. A. talk B. complain C. argue D. quarrel 33. A. doing B. thinking C. questioning D. watching 34. A. method B. explanation C. example D. research 35. A. although B. if C. when D. unless 【答案】16. B 17. A 18. D 19. B 20. C 21. A 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者把优胜美地国家公园当作自己的家。当作者看到里面有大量的垃圾时，开始是自己，后来组织大家捡垃圾。由此作者明白改变事情的方法是动手去做，而不是抱怨。 【16题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在出去的路上，我让他们等着，我跑到E1 Capitan，一块3300英尺高的巨石。A. distant遥远的；B. huge巨大的；C. narrow狭窄的；D. loose松散的。根据后文“rock of 3,300 feet straight up”可知这块岩石是巨大的。故选B。 【17题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我碰了碰那块巨石，立刻就知道我要爬上去。A. immediately立即；B. finally最后；C. gradually逐渐地；D. recently最近。根据后文“I wanted to climb it”和“That has been my life’s passion (钟爱) ever since”可知，作者触碰岩石，立刻就知道自己要爬上去。故选A。 【18题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，攀登优胜美地的岩石和高山一直是我生活的激情所在。A. imagining想象；B. painting绘画；C. describing描述；D. climbing攀爬。呼应上文“I wanted to climb it”指攀登岩石和高山。故选D。 【19题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我一直把优胜美地作为我的家。A. garden花园；B. home家；C. lab实验室；D. palace宫殿。呼应后文“such a beautiful home-like place”作者把优胜美地公园当作家。故选B。 【20题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：大约15年前，我开始在附近看到很多垃圾，比如厕纸、啤酒罐和空盒子。A. material材料；B. resources资源；C. waste废品，浪费；D. goods商品。根据后文“like toilet paper, beer cans, and empty boxes”可知作者看到了很多垃圾。故选C。 【21题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：我不明白为什么游客开始不那么尊重这个地方，这样对待一个像家一样美丽的地方。A. beyond超越；B. against反对；C. over越过；D. within在里面。根据后文“why visitors started respecting the place”指作者不明白游客为什么不尊重这里，beyond sb.表示“某人不理解”。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不明白为什么游客开始不那么尊重这个地方，这样对待一个像家一样美丽的地方。A. more更多的；B. most最多的；C. less更少的；D. least最少的。结合上文看到很多垃圾，可知游客不那么尊重这里，故选C。 【23题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我试着自己去捡垃圾，但工作太繁重了。A. throwing away扔掉；B. picking up捡起；C. breaking down出故障；D. digging out挖掘。根据后文“trash myself”指作者为了保护公园开始捡垃圾。且下文“In 2007 alone, 2,945 people picked up 42,330 pounds of trash”也是提示。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我会花一两个小时在这个工作上，但几周后却发现这个地方又变成了一片垃圾地。A. kill杀死；B. save拯救；C. wait等待；D. spend花费。根据后文“an hour or two on the job”指花费时间捡垃圾，应用动词spend。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：最后，我厌倦了它，我决定做些改变。A. satisfied with满足于；B. delighted in感到快乐；C. tired of厌倦；D. used to习惯于。上文提到作者花时间捡垃圾，但几周后却发现这个地方又变成了一片垃圾地，最后厌倦了这么做。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查不定代词辨析。句意：作为一名攀岩向导，我对组织任何大型活动一无所知。A. something某事；B. anything任何事；C. everything一切；D. nothing没有什么。根据上文“As a rock-climbing guide”可知，作者只是一名攀岩向导，所以对组织任何大型活动一无所知。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但在2004年，我和一些登山者一起确定了清理的日期。A. cleanup清除；B. party聚会；C. picnic野餐；D. concert音乐会。根据后文“Over three days we collected about 6,000 pounds of trash.(在三天的时间里，我们收集了大约6000磅垃圾)”可知，作者和一些登山者一起确定了清理的日期。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：那天，有300多人到场。A. dropped out辍学；B. showed up露面；C. looked around环顾四周；D. called back召回。根据上文“more than 300 people”和下文“Over three days we collected about 6,000 pounds of trash.”指有300多人到场清理垃圾。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们能完成这么多，真是令人惊讶。A. demand要求；B. receive收到；C. accomplish完成；D. overcome克服。根据“Over three days we collected about 6,000 pounds of trash.(在三天的时间里，我们收集了大约6000磅垃圾)”可知，这里指完成清理工作，故选C。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不敢相信我们带来的改变——公园看起来很干净！A. plan计划；B. visit参观；C. contact联系；D. difference差异。根据后文“the park looked clean!”可知，作者他们的工作对公园产生了改变，故选D。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每年都有来自各地的志愿者前来清理。仅在2007年，2945人就清理了42330磅垃圾，覆盖了132英里的道路。A. crossed交叉；B. measured测量；C. covered覆盖；D. designed设计。根据后文“132 miles of roadway”指行走了多少道路，应用cover。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我经常听到人们抱怨他们的环境。A. talk谈论；B. complain抱怨；C. argue争论；D. quarrel争吵。呼应后文“rather than complaining”指人们抱怨他们的环境。故选B。 33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你是其中之一，我会说，改变事情的唯一方法是行动，而不是抱怨。A. doing做；B. thinking思考；C. questioning质疑；D. watching观看。根据后文“rather than complaining”可知，改变事情的唯一方法是行动，而不是抱怨。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们需要以身作则。A. method方法；B. explanation解释；C. example例子；D. research研究。根据后文“you start with yourself”可知强调以身作则，短语by example表示“通过实例”。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：你不能责怪别人，除非你从自己开始。A. although虽然；B. if如果；C. when当……时候；D. unless除非。引导条件状语从句，表示“除非”应用unless。故选D。 第三节：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Bicycle Safety Operation Always ride your bike in a safe, controlled manner on campus (校园). Obey rules and regulations. Watch out for walkers and other bicyclists, and always use your lights in dark conditions. Theft Prevention Always securely lock your bicycle to a bicycle rack -- even if you are only away for a minute. Register your bike with the University Department of Public Safety. It's fast, easy, and free. Registration permanently records your serial number, which is useful in the possible recovery of the bike stolen. Equipment * Brakes Make sure that they are in good working order and adjusted properly. * Helmet A necessity, make sure your helmet meets current safety standards and fits properly. * Lights Always have a front headlight -- visible at least 500 feet in front of the bike. A taillight is a good idea. Rules of the Road Riding on Campus As a bicycle rider, you have a responsibility to ride only on streets and posted bicycle paths. Riding on sidewalks or other walkways can lead to a fine. The speed limit for bicycles on campus is 15 mph, unless otherwise posted. Always give the right of ways to walkers. If you are involved in an accident, you are required to offer appropriate aid, call the Department of Public Safety and remain at the scene until the officer lets you go. Bicycle Parking Only park in areas reserved for bikes. Trees, handrails, hallways, and sign posts are not for bicycle parking, and parking in such posts can result in a fine. If Things Go Wrong If you break the rules, you will be fined. Besides violating rules while riding bicycles on campus, you could be fined for: * No bicycle registration --------------------------$25 * Bicycle parking banned ---------------------------$30 * Blocking path with bicycle ----------------------$40 * Violation of bicycle equipment requirement ------$35 36. Registration of your bicycle may help you ________. A. find your stolen bicycle B. get your serial number C. receive free repair services D. settle conflicts with walkers 37. According to the passage, what bike equipment is a free choice for bicycle riders? A. Brakes. B. A helmet. C. A headlight. D. A taillight. 38. When you ride a bicycle on the campus, ________. A. ride on posted bicycle paths and sidewalks B. cycle at a speed of over 15 mph C. put the walkers' right of way first D. call the police before leaving in case of accident 39. If you lock your bicycle to a tree on the campus, you could be fined _________. A. $25 B. $30 C. $35 D. $40 40. What is the passage mainly about? A. A guide for safe bicycling on campus. B. Directions for bicycle tour on campus. C. Regulations of bicycle race on campus. D. Rules for riding motor vehicles on campus. 【答案】36. A 37. D 38. C 39. B 40. A 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇应用文。骑自行车安全守则包括：操作、防盗措施、设备、道路安全规则细化为校内骑车、停车和罚款情况分类等等。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。由Registration permanently records your serial number, which is useful in the possible recovery of the bike stolen.(注册会永久记录你的序列号，这对找回被偷的自行车很有用。)可知，登记有助于找回丢失的车子。故选A。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。由A taillight is a good idea.可知，有后车灯是个好主意。其他都强调必要和确定。所以用后车灯可以根据情况选择。故选D。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。由Riding on Campus 这一部分可知，在人行道上骑车会被罚款；发生交通事故时，要先给与适当的救助，打电话保护现场直到警官允许你离开。限速15 mph，要让路给行人。故选C。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。由Bicycle parking banned --$30可知，把车子锁在树上，被罚$30，故选B。 【40题详解】 主旨大意题。根据全文的大意判断，骑自行车安全守则包括：操作、防盗措施、设备、道路安全规则细化为校内骑车、停车和罚款情况分类等等。所以“校内安全骑车指南”与文章大意吻合，故选A 。 B I am a writer. I spend a great deal of my time thinking about the power of language—the way it can evoke(唤起) an emotion, a visual image, a complex idea, or a simple truth. Language is the tool of my trade. And I use them all—all the Englishes I grew up with. Born into a Chinese family that had recently arrived in California, I’ve been giving more thought to the kind of English my mother speaks. Like others, I have described it to people as “broken” English. But feel embarrassed to say that. It has always bothered me that I can think of no way to describe it other than “broken”, as if it were damaged and needed to be fixed, as if it lacked a certain wholeness. I’ve heard other terms used, “limited English,” for example. But they seem just as bad, as if everything is limited, including people’s perceptions(认识) of the limited English speaker. I know this for a fact, because when I was growing up, my mother’s “limited” English limited my perception of her. I was ashamed of her English. I believed that her English rejected the quality of what she had to say. That is because she expressed them imperfectly her thoughts were imperfect. And I had plenty of evidence to support me: the fact that people in department stores, at banks, and at restaurants did not take her seriously, did not give her good service, pretended not to understand her, or even acted as if they did not hear her. I started writing fiction in 1985. And for reasons I won’t get into today, I began to write stories using all the Englishes I grew up with: the English she used with me, which for lack of a better term might be described as “broken”, and what I imagine to be her translation of her Chinese, her internal(内在的) language, and for that I sought to preserve the essence, but neither an English nor a Chinese structure: I wanted to catch what language ability tests can never show; her intention, her feelings, the rhythms of her speech and the nature of her thoughts. 41. By saying “Language is the tool of my trade”, the author means that ________. A. she uses English in foreign trade B. she is fascinated by languages C. she works as a translator D. she is a writer by profession 42. The author used to think of her mother’s English as ________. A. impolite B. amusing C. imperfect D. practical 43. Which of the following is TRUE according to Paragraph 3? A. Americans do not understand broken English. B. The author’s mother was not respected sometimes. C. The author’s mother had positive influence on her D. Broken English always reflects imperfect thoughts. 44. The author gradually realizes her mother’s English is ________. A. well structured B. in the old style C. easy to translate D. rich in meaning 45. What is the passage mainly about? A. The changes of the author’s attitude to her mother’s English. B. The limitation of the author’s perception of her mother. C. The author’s misunderstanding of “limited” English. D. The author’s experiences of using broken English. 【答案】41. D 42. C 43. B 44. D 45. A 【解析】 【分析】本文是记叙文。作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了作者在不同时期对母亲所使用的语言的不同看法；尽管因为母亲的破碎英语使母亲有时候不受人尊重，然而却为作者的写作提供了莫大的帮助。 【41题详解】 推理判断题。此句中the tool of my trade中的trade指的是职业。根据文章第一段I am a writer可知，作者是一名作家；此句又说语言是作者的职业工具，故此句指的自然是作者的职业为作家；故选D。 【42题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中That is because she expressed them imperfectly her thoughts were imperfect.（那是因为她表达得不完美，她的思想不完美）可知，作者一度以为自己妈妈所说的英语是不完美的。故选C。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段And I had plenty of evidence to support me: the fact that people in department stores, at banks, and at restaurants did not take her seriously, did not give her good service, pretended not to understand her, or even acted as if they did not hear her.（我有足够的证据来支持我的观点:百货商店、银行和餐馆里的人没有认真对待她，没有给她提供良好的服务，假装没有听懂她的话，甚至装作没有听见她的话）可知，作者的母亲有时不受别人尊重。故选B。 【44题详解】 推理判断题。由最后一段I wanted to catch what language ability tests can never show：her intention，her feelings，the rhythms of her speech and the nature of her thoughts（我想抓住语言能力测试永远无法显示的东西：她的意图、她的感受、她说话的节奏和她思想的本质）可推知，作者写小说的时候，知道了他母亲的英语是含义丰富的。故选D。 【45题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文以时间为线索，主要向我们描述了作者在不同时期对母亲所使用的语言的不同看法。由此可知，A项“作者对母亲说的英语的态度的变化”符合题意。故选A。 C Too much TV-watching can harm children’s ability to learn and even reduce their chances of getting a college degree, new studies suggest in the latest effort to examine the effects of television on children. One of the studies looked at nearly 400 northern California third-graders. Those with TVs in their bedrooms scored about eight points lower on math and language arts tests than children without bedroom TVs. A second study, looking at nearly 1000 grown-ups in New Zealand, found lower education levels among 26-year-olds who had watched lots of TV during childhood. But the results don’t prove that TV is the cause and don’t rule out that already poorly motivated youngsters (年轻人) may watch lots of TV. Their study measured the TV habits of 26-year-olds between ages 5 and 15. These with college degrees had watched an average of less than two hours of TV per weeknight during childhood, compared with an average of more than 2 1/2 hours of those who had no education beyond high school. In the California study, children with TVs in their rooms but no computer at home scored the lowest while those with no bedroom TV but who had home computers scored the highest. While this study does not prove that bedroom TV sets caused the lower scores, it adds to accumulating findings that children shouldn’t have TVs in their bedrooms. 46. According to the California study, the low-scoring group might _______. A. have watched a lot of TV B. not be interested in math C. be unable to go to college D. have had computers in their bedrooms 47. What is the researchers’ understanding of the New Zealand study results? A. Poorly motivated 26-year-olds watch more T.V. B. Habits of TV watching reduce learning interest. C. TV watching leads to lower education levels of the 15-year-olds. D. The connection between TV and education levels is difficult to explain. 48. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs? A. More time should be spent on computers. B. Children should be forbidden from watching TV. C. TV sets shouldn’t be allowed in children’s bedrooms. D. Further studies on high-achieving students should be done. 49. What would be the best title for this text? A. Computers or Television B. Effects of Television on Children C. Studies on TV and College Education D. Television and Children’s Learning Habits 50. Which of the following is the most likely source of this passage? A. A children’s storybook. B. A scientific research journal. C. A fashion magazine. D. A cookery book. 【答案】46. A 47. D 48. C 49. B 50. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过介绍两项分别针对儿童和成年人的研究，阐述过量看电视可能对儿童学习能力及未来教育程度产生的负面影响，客观呈现研究结果及局限性。 【46题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“One of the studies looked at nearly 400 northern California third-graders. Those with TVs in their bedrooms scored about eight points lower on math and language arts tests than children without bedroom TVs.(其中一项研究针对加利福尼亚州北部近 400名三年级学生展开。卧室里有电视的孩子，其数学和语言艺术测试成绩比卧室没有电视的孩子低约8分。)”以及第五段“In the California study, children with TVs in their rooms but no computer at home scored the lowest while those with no bedroom TV but who had home computers scored the highest.(在加利福尼亚州的这项研究中，卧室有电视但家中没有电脑的孩子成绩最低；而卧室没有电视但家中有电脑的孩子成绩最高。)”可知，卧室有电视的孩子测试成绩更低，且卧室有电视但无家用电脑的孩子成绩最低。这表明低分组可能存在看大量电视的情况。故选A。 【47题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“A second study, looking at nearly 1000 grown-ups in New Zealand, found lower education levels among 26-year-olds who had watched lots of TV during childhood. But the results don’t prove that TV is the cause and don’t rule out that already poorly motivated youngsters (年轻人) may watch lots of TV.(另一项研究以新西兰近1000名成年人为研究对象，发现26岁人群中，童年时期看电视较多的人教育水平相对较低。但该研究结果并不能证明电视是导致这一结果的原因，也无法排除本身学习动力不足的年轻人可能更爱看电视这一可能性。)”可知，该研究发现童年多看电视的26岁人群教育水平较低，但结果并不能证明电视是导致这一结果的原因，也无法排除本身学习动力不足的年轻人可能更爱看电视。这表明电视与教育水平之间的关联存在多种可能性，难以简单解释。故选D。 【48题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“While this study does not prove that bedroom TV sets caused the lower scores, it adds to accumulating findings that children shouldn’t have TVs in their bedrooms.(尽管这项研究未能证明卧室电视是导致成绩偏低的原因，但它进一步印证了已有研究结论——儿童卧室不应摆放电视。)”可知，儿童卧室不应摆放电视。故选C。 【49题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Too much TV-watching can harm children’s ability to learn and even reduce their chances of getting a college degree, new studies suggest in the latest effort to examine the effects of television on children.(新研究表明，过多看电视会损害儿童的学习能力，甚至会降低他们获得大学学位的几率。这是最新一批旨在探究电视对儿童影响的研究成果。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述的是电视对儿童的影响。故选B。 【50题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，全文围绕两项针对“电视对儿童影响”的科学研究展开，客观呈现研究对象、过程、数据及结论，语言严谨且具有学术性，符合科学研究期刊的内容风格。故选B。 D Why play games?Because they are fun,and a lot more besides.Following the rules...planning your next move...acting as a team member...these are all “game” ideas that you will come across throughout your life. Think about some of the games you played as a young child,such as rope-jumping and hide-and-seek.Such games are entertaining and fun.But perhaps more importantly,they translate life into exciting dreams that teach children some of the basic rules they will be expected to follow the rest of their lives,such as taking turns and cooperating(合作). Many children’s games have a practical side.Children around the world play games that prepare them for work they will do as grown-ups.For instance,some Saudi Arabian children play a game called bones,which sharpens the hand-eye coordination(协调) needed in hunting. Many sports encourage national or local pride.The most famous games of all,the Olympic Games,bring athletes from around the world together to take part in friendly competition.People who watch the event wave flags,knowing that a gold medal is a win for an entire country,not just the athlete who earned it.For countries experiencing natural disasters or war,an Olympic win can mean so much. Sports are also an event that unites people.Soccer is the most popular sport in the world.People on all continents play it—some for fun and some for a living.Nicolette Iribarne,a Califomian soccer player,has discovered a way to spread hope through soccer.He created a foundation to provide poor children with not only soccer balls but also a promising future. Next time you play your favorite game or sport,think about why you enjoy it,what skills are needed,and whether these skills will help you in other aspects of your life. 51. Through playing hide-and-seek,children are expected to learn to 　　　. A. be a team leader B. obey the basic rules C. act as a grown-up D. predict possible danger 52. The underlined part in Paragraph 2 most probably means that games can 　　　. A. describe life in an exciting way B. turn real-life experiences into a play C. make learning life skills more interesting D. change people’s views of sporting events 53. According to the passagewhy is winning Olympic medals so encouraging? A. It inspires people’s deep love for the country. B. It proves the exceptional skills of the winners. C. It helps the country out of natural disasters. D. It earns the winners fame and fortune. 54. Iribarne’s goal of forming the foundation is to 　　　. A. bring fun to poor kids B. provide soccer balls for children C. give poor kids a chance for a better life D. appeal to soccer players to help poor kids 55. What can be inferred from the passage? A. Games benefit people all their lives. B. Sports can get all athletes together. C. People are advised to play games for fun. D. Sports increase a country’s competitiveness. 【答案】51. B 52. C 53. A 54. C 55. A 【解析】 【分析】本文是说明文。本文主要讲了人们玩游戏的原因。除了游戏能够带给人们乐趣之外，游戏还能够教育孩子一些他们在生活中需要遵守的规则，比如说排队和合作。许多儿童游戏具有实用的功能，一些体育游戏能够激发人们的民族和国家自豪感，体育运动还能够使人们团结。因此在玩游戏的时候，要想想喜欢的原因，以及是否能够带给你其他方面的帮助。 【51题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“they translate life into exciting dramas that teach children some of the basic rules they will be expected to follow the rest of their lives”（他们将生活转化为激动人心的戏剧，教会孩子们一些他们被期望在余生中遵守的基本规则）可知，孩子们通过玩捉迷藏游戏可以学会需要遵守的基本规则。故选B。 【52题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第二段“they translate life into exciting dramas that teach children some of the basic rules they will be expected to follow the rest of their lives”（他们将生活转化为激动人心的戏剧，教会孩子们一些他们被期望在余生中遵守的基本规则），they是指games。dramas that teach children some of the basic rules they will be expected to follow the rest of their lives。意思是：戏剧教育孩子一些在他们的一生中需要遵守的基本规则。因此游戏把生活经验放到了令孩子们兴奋的戏剧中，让学习生活技能更有趣。故选C。 【53题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“People who watch the event wave flags, knowing that a gold medal is a win for an entire country, not just the athlete who earned it.”（看着国旗飘扬的人们，知道金牌是为整个祖国而赢的，不仅仅是获得金牌的运动员个人。）因此赢得奥运会金牌之所以如此鼓舞人心，是因为它让人们对祖国有深深的爱。故选A。 【54题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句“He created a foundation(基金会) to provide poor children with not only soccer balls but also a promising future.”（他创建了一个基金会，不仅给那些贫穷的孩子提供足球，而且一个有希望的未来。）可知，艾瑞巴恩成立基金会的目标是给贫穷的孩子一个过上更好生活的机会。故选C。 【55题详解】 推断判断题。根据第一段“Why play games?Because they are fun,and a lot more besides.Following the rules...planning your next move...acting as a team member...these are all “game” ideas that you will come across throughout your life.”（为什么玩游戏?因为它们很有趣，除此之外还有很多。以下的规则…计划下一步行动…作为一个团队成员…这些都是你在生活中会遇到的“游戏”想法。）全文主要讲了人们玩游戏，不仅仅能够给人们带去乐趣。而且具有一些实用的功能，激发人们的民族和国家自豪感，使人们团结等方面的好处，因此本文主要讲了游戏能够从很多方面受益。故选A。 第四节：阅读理解（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文,并按照题目要求用英语回答问题. Almost everybody in America will spend a part of his or her life behind a shopping cart(购物手推车). They will, in a lifetime, push the chrome-plate contraptions many miles. But few will know—or even think to ask—who it was that invented them. Sylvan N. Goldman invented the shopping cart in 1937. At that time he was in the supermarket business. Every day he would see shoppers lugging(吃力地携带) groceries around in baskets they had to carry. One day Goldman suddenly had the idea of putting baskets on wheels. The wheeled baskets would make shopping much easier for his customers, and would help to attract more business. On June 4, 1937, Goldman’s first carts were ready for use in his market. He was terribly excited on the morning of that day as customers began arriving. He couldn’t wait to see them using his invention. But Goldman was disappointed. Most shoppers gave the carts a long look, but hardly anybody would give them a try. After a while, Goldman decided to ask customers why they weren’t using his carts. “Don’t you think this arm is strong enough to carry a shopping basket?” one shopper replied. But Goldman wasn’t beaten yet. He knew his carts would be a great success if only he could persuade people to give them a try. To this end, Goldman hired a group of people to push carts around his market and pretend they were shopping! Seeing this, the real customers gradually began copying the phony(假冒的) customers. As Goldman had hoped, the carts were soon attracting larger and larger numbers of customers to his market. But not only did more people come—those who came bought more. With larger, easier-to-handle baskets, customers unconsciously bought a greater number of items than before. Today’s shopping carts are five times larger than Goldman’s original model. Perhaps that’s one reason Americans today spend more than five times as much money on food each year as they did before 1937—before the coming of the shopping cart. 56. The underlined words “chrome-plate contraptions” in Paragraph 1 refer to ______. (No more than 3 words) __________________ 57. What was the purpose of Goldman’s invention? (No more than 10 words) __________________ 58. Why was Goldman disappointed at first? (No more than 10 words) __________________ 59. Why did Goldman hire people to push carts around his market?(No more than 10 words) __________________ 60. What do you think of Goldman? Please give your reasons. (No more than 20 words) __________________ 【答案】56. Shopping carts. 57. It was to make shopping easier and attract more business. 58. Because few customers used his carts. 59. Because he wanted to promote his shopping carts. 60. He was a smart businessman. He invented the shopping cart and made it accepted by customers. Or: He was smart but he shouldn’t have used tricks to attract customers. 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了与美国人生活息息相关的购物手推车的发明。Sylvan N. Goldman在1937年发明了购物手推车。作为生意人的Sylvan N. Goldman认为购物手推车让顾客更容易购物，并有助于吸引更多的生意。经过推广和改进，购物车购物方式已经深入到人们的生活中。 【56题详解】 考查词义猜测。分析可知，“the”表示特指，第二次提及，因此结合语境可知，划线“the chrome-plate contraptions”应是指前文“a part of his or her life behind a shopping cart(在购物车后面的他或她生活的一部分)”中的“a shopping cart(购物手推车)”，与划线短语在名词复数上保持一致，应是复数形式。故答案为：Shopping carts. 【57题详解】 考查细节理解。根据文章第三段内容“One day Goldman suddenly had the idea of putting baskets on wheels. The wheeled baskets would make shopping much easier for his customers, and would help to attract more business.(有一天，Goldman突然有了把篮子装在轮子上的想法。带轮子的购物篮会让他的顾客更容易购物，并有助于吸引更多的生意。)”可知，他的想法是给购物篮装上轮子，这样做的目的是让顾客更容易购物，并有助于吸引更多的生意。故答案为：It was to make shopping easier and attract more business. 【58题详解】 考查细节理解。根据文章第五段内容“Most shoppers gave the carts a long look, but hardly anybody would give them a try.(大多数购物者都花了很长时间看这些手推车，但几乎没有人愿意试一试。)”可知，大部分人只是长时间看了手推车，并没有人尝试使用，这应是他起初感到失望原因。故答案为：Because few customers used his carts. 【59题详解】 考查推理判断。根据文章第七段内容“He knew his carts would be a great success if only he could persuade people to give them a try. To this end, Goldman hired a group of people to push carts around his market and pretend they were shopping! Seeing this, the real customers gradually began copying the phony customers.(他知道，只要他能说服人们试一试，他的手推车就会大获成功。为此，Goldman雇佣了一群人在他的市场上推着手推车，假装他们在购物!看到这一点，真正的客户逐渐开始模仿假冒客户。)”可知，他想要人们尝试使用手推车购物，于是他雇佣人推着手推车假装在购物，这样，真正的顾客就开始效仿使用手推车购物了。由此可推知，他雇佣人是因为要推广购物手推车的使用，以鼓励人们尝试使用。故答案为：Because he wanted to promote his shopping carts. 【60题详解】 考查推理判断。根据文章第二段末尾内容“Every day he would see shoppers lugging groceries around in baskets they had to carry.(每天，他都会看到购物者用篮子拖着食品杂货四处走动。）以及第三段内容 One day Goldman suddenly had the idea of putting baskets on wheels. The wheeled baskets would make shopping much easier for his customers, and would help to attract more business.(有一天，Goldman突然有了把篮子装在轮子上的想法。带轮子的购物篮会让他的顾客更容易购物，并有助于吸引更多的生意。)”可知，Goldman通过观察顾客购物的行为想到有轮子的购物篮可以方便购物，而且可以吸引更多的生意，说明他是一个聪明的生意人，且文章第七段提及“To this end, Goldman hired a group of people to push carts around his market and pretend they were shopping! Seeing this, the real customers gradually began copying the phony customers.(为此，Goldman雇佣了一群人在他的市场上推着手推车，假装他们在购物!看到这一点，真正的客户逐渐开始模仿假冒客户。)”他通过“推广宣传”购物车使得真正的顾客开始使用并接受购物车购物的方式。同样可以说明他是一个聪明的生意人。故答案为：He was a smart businessman. He invented the shopping cart and made it accepted by customers. 听力（共两节） 第一节 听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What size shoes will the woman probably bring? A.6. B.7. C.8. 2 What will the weather be like tomorrow? A. Sunny. B. Cloudy. C. Rainy. 3. Where is the magazine now? A. On a table. B. Beside a computer. C. In front of a television. 4. How does the man feel about the woman? A. Worried. B. Confident. C. Angry. 5. What are the speakers discussing? A. How to choose a good movie. B. Where to see a movie. C. What movie to see. 第二节 听下面几段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。 请听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6. What sport did Paul play? A. Golf. B. Football. C. Basketball. 7. Who showed little interest in the sports afternoon? A. Tom. B. Anne. C. Susan. 请听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8. What did the woman like doing before she was about ten? A. Playing computer games. B. Climbing mountains. C. Snowboarding. 9. What does the woman’s father think of sailing? A. Dangerous. B. Exciting. C. Expensive. 请听下面一段较长对话，问答以下小题。 10. Who bought the man a camera? A. Mary. B. Harry. C. James. 11. What present did Thomas give the man? A. A video. B. A book. C. A sweater. 12. What does the man think of Amy’s present? A. Expensive. B. Lovely. C. Disappointing. 请听下面一段独白，问答以下小题。 13. Who are the listeners? A. Sportsmen. B. Tennis fans. C. Reporters. 14. What are the listeners asked to do? A. Dress nicely for interviews. B. Use microphones when asking questions. C. Leave telephones outside the interview area. 15. What will happen next? A. The audience will show their ID cards. B. A tennis player will answer questions. C. The audience will leave the meeting 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $