用英语讲述中国传统文化之传统文化阅读之科技发明 专练-2026届高三英语上学期一轮复习专项

用英语讲述中国传统文化之传统文化阅读 科学进步 Passage 1阅读理解 A 主题语境：科技人物 语篇类型：记叙文 词数: 347 ( 难度： 扫码听音频 ) 建议用时：7分钟 Xu Guangqi (1562——1633) was a Chinese official of the Ming Dynasty.He was also an agricultural scientist,astronomer, and mathematician.He spent the majority of his time in positions of high office serving the Ming court. He was greatly interested in the European technology, geography, astronomy and mathematics introduced to China by missionaries (传教士). Xu Guangqi was born in 1562 in Shanghai. He passed the county-level civil service examination at the age of nineteen, and obtained his chin-shih degree, the highest level in the civil service examination, in his thirties. In1604, Xu Guangqi sat for the highest examinations in the country and was appointed to the Hanlin Academy. In 1625, Xu resigned from his position and returned to Shanghai. He collaborated (协作) with Matteo Ricci,an Italian missionary, on the translation of several classic Western texts into Chinese. Xu Guangqi became the first native of China to publish translations of European books into Chinese. In 1607, they translated the first six books of Euclid's Elements. Ricci would explain the contents of the original text to Xu Guangqi, who would then write down what he understood. Chinese scholars credit Xu with having“started China’ s enlightenment(启蒙运动)”. The approach to mathematics in these books must have seemed totally alien (陌生的) to Chinese readers,whose traditional approach to mathematics had been highly practical. * The new Chinese terminology which Xu Guangqi had to invent for unfamiliar terms such as“point”, “curve”, “parallel line”, “acute angle”, and“obtuse angle” soon became part of Chinese mathematics,as did the style of the geometric figures, in particular the characters Xu Guangqi chose to label them. Xu Guangqi wrote Nong Zheng Quan Shu, an outstanding agricultural treatise (论文). Living in troubled times, Xu was devoted as a patriot to aiding the farmers of China. His main interests were in irrigation, fertilizers,famine relief, economic crops, and observation based on experiments with early notions of chemistry. It was an enormous work with some 700,000 Chinese characters,making it seven times as large as the work of previous agricultural books. 1 How does the author start the text? A. By telling about Xu Guangqi's interest in science. B. By presenting Xu Guangqi's influence in the court. C. By showing Xu Guangqi’ s degree in civil examination. D. By introducing Xu Guangqi’ s scientific achievements. 2 Why was Xu Guangqi honored to have started China's enlightenment? A. He was the first to cooperate with a foreigner on scientific studies. B. He was the pioneer to introduce European books to Chinese people. C. He set an example in the way of translation from English to Chinese. D. He showed great interest in the European technological development. 3 What can we infer from Xu Guangqi's invention of the Chinese terms? A. His efforts led the approach to mathematics to be practical. B. He made the learning of mathematics popular and attractive. C. He made it easy to spread the basics of mathematics in China. D. He laid the foundation for the scientific development in China. 4 What can best describe Xu Guangqi’ sNong Zheng Quan Shu? A. Fictional. B. Pioneering. B. C. Valuable. D. Fantastic.Passage 参考答案 Passage 1 阅读理解 A 徐光启是明朝一位重要人物。他通过科举入仕，在朝廷任职。徐光启对西方知识满怀热忱，辞职回乡后与利玛窦合作翻译西方经典，如《几何原本》。他还著有《农政全书》，为中国学术和农业发展立下不朽功绩。 1. D写作方式题。文章开头写道“徐光启是中国明朝时期的一位官员，也是农学家、天文学家和数学家”，这表明了他在不同科学领域的成就，也就说作者是通过介绍徐光启的科学成就开篇的。 2. B 推理判断题。根据第三段中 Xu Guangqi became the first native of China to publish translations of European books into Chinese.以及他和利玛窦合作翻译《几何原本》等西方经典著作等内容可知，他是将欧洲书籍引入中国的先驱，对中国的知识文化等方面带来了新的内容和思想，这是他被认为开启中国启蒙运动的重要原因。 3. C 推理判断题。根据第四段中 The new Chinese terminology... for unfamiliar terms... soon became part ofChinese mathematics...可知, 原本陌生的西方数学概念得以被中国学者理解和接受，从而降低了传播门槛。由此可推知，徐光启发明的几何术语有助于数学基础概念在中国的传播。 4. C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中 His main interests were in irrigation, fertilizers, famine relief, economic 参考译文 光启(1562—1633)是中国明朝时期的官员。他徐也是农学家、天文学家和数学家。他一生大部分时间都在明朝宫廷担任要职。他对传教士传入中国的欧洲技术、地理、天文和数学非常感兴趣。 徐光启于1562年出生于上海。他19岁通过了县级科举考试，并在三十多岁时考取进士——科举制度中的最高功名。1604年，徐光启参加殿试并被选入翰林院供职。 1625 年，徐光启辞官回到上海。他与意大利传教士利玛窦合作，将多部西方经典著作翻译成中文。徐光启成为首位将欧洲书籍翻译成中文并出版的中国人。1607 年，他们翻译了欧几里得《几何原本》的前六卷。利玛窦向徐光启讲解原著内容，随后徐光启将自己的理解记录下来。中国学者认为徐光启“开启了中国的启蒙运动”。 这些书籍中的数学研究方法对于中国读者来说一定显得非常陌生，他们传统的数学研究方式高度注重实用。徐光启为“点”“曲线”“平行线”“锐角”和“钝角”等陌生概念所创造的新的中文术语很快便成为中国数学的一部分，同样被接受的还有几何图形的样式，尤其是徐光启选择用来标注这些图形的字符。 徐光启撰写了杰出的农学著作《农政全书》。生活在动荡的时期，徐光启怀揣爱国热忱，致力于扶助中国农民。他的研究重点集中在农田水利、肥料应用、饥荒救济、经济作物培育以及基于带有早期化学概念的实验所进行的实践操作。这部鸿篇巨制规模空前，全书约70万字，篇幅是此前农学著作的7倍。 Passage 2阅读理解B 主题语境：科技发明 语篇类型：说明文 词数: 34 ( 难度： 扫码听音频 )0 建议用时：7分钟 The wheelbarrow is a brilliant invention that originated in ancient China. According to the“Records of the Three Kingdoms,” written by Chinese scholar ChenShou in the third century CE, the prime minister of the Shu Han Dynasty in the Three Kingdoms Period, Zhuge Liang, invented a new form of wheelbarrow as a form of military technology. Zhuge Liang needed an efficient way for a single person to transport enormous quantities of food and munitions(军需品) to the front lines, so he came up with the idea of making a“wooden ox” with a single wheel. By using a simple lever (杠杆) and combining it with a single wheel, the wheelbarrow revolutionized transportation methods, saving time and manpower. The design of the early Chinese wheelbarrow consisted of a wooden box or platform supported by a single large wheel. The long handles at the back of the platform provided the operator with control over the wheelbarrow's movement. By simply pushing or pulling the handles, individuals could transport goods more quickly and easily, significantly increasing productivity. Chinese inventors continuously improved the wheelbarrow's design over time. They added enhancements(增强) such as larger wheels, more durable materials,and even gearing (齿轮传动) mechanisms. These improvements further increased the wheelbarrow's efficiency and capacity, making it an indispensable tool for daily life. The benefits of the Chinese wheelbarrow quickly spread beyond China's borders. As ancient trade routes expanded, the wheelbarrow found its way to neighboring countries and regions, helping to stimulate economic growth and development. * The device gradually reached Europe during the Middle Ages, where it was widely embraced and served as a foundation for the development of new and advanced transportation methods. The invention of the wheelbarrow in ancient China has left an indelible mark on human civilization. Its simple yet effective design revolutionized labor-intensive tasks,paving the way for progress in various fields. Even today,the wheelbarrow remains an essential tool in construction,gardening, and agriculture, proving the lasting impact of this ingenious invention. 1 Why was the wheelbarrow a revolutionary means of transportation? A. It brought high efficiency to transportation. B. Wheels were first used to deliver heavy loads. C. Carts were used to transport military supplies. D. A lever was used to make the device go faster. 2 What can we infer from the development of the wheelbarrow? A. The wheelbarrow relies on the handles to move. B. Chinese people were creative to make inventions. C. People can't live well without wheelbarrows. D. Relevant technologies make an invention perfect. 3 What is mainly talked about inParagraph5? A. The Chinese wheelbarrow helped economic growth in Asian countries. B. The Chinese wheelbarrow gained popularity in Europe in the Middle Ages. C. The invention of the Chinese wheelbarrow brought the world forward. D. Merchants took the Chinese wheelbarrow to neighboring countries. 4 What does the underlined word“indelible” mean in the text? A. Unchangeable. B. Unreadable. C. Inerasable. D. Indispensable. 参考答案 Passage 2阅读理解B 本文介绍了独轮手推车的发明，包括其结构、操作方式以及对人类运输工具发展的重要意义。 1. A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的 By using a simple lever and combining it with a single wheel, the wheel barrow revolutionized transportation methods, saving time and manpower.可知，独轮手推车通过使用简单的杠杆并将其与单个轮子相结合，这种独轮车彻底改变了运输方式，节省了时间和人力。所以说独轮手推车是交通运输的一次革命性的发明创造。 2. D 推理判断题。根据第四段中的 Chinese inventors continuously improved... enhancements... gearing mechanisms. These improvements further increased the wheel barrow's efficiency and capacity...可知, 中国的发明家们通过技术迭代(齿轮、材料等)使独轮手推车从基础设计演变为更高效的工具，这体现了“发明通过相关技术发展更完善”的推断。 3. C主旨大意题。第五段主要讨论的是独轮手推车传播到国外，促进了经济增长和运输方式的发展，也就是说，中国发明的独轮手推车促进了世界的进步。 4. C 词义猜测题。根据 Even today, the wheel barrow remains an essential tool in… proving the lasting impact of this ingenious invention.可知, 独轮手推车对于现代社会仍具有重要的影响。由此推知，独轮手推车在历史上留下了永恒的印记。因此 indelible在文中意为“不可磨灭的”, 这与 inerasable 同义。 难句分析 The device gradually reached Europe during the Middle Ages, where it was widely embraced and served as a foundation for the development of new and advanced transportation methods.这种工具在中世纪逐渐传入欧洲，在那里它被广泛接受，并为新的先进运输方式的发展奠定了基础。 where引导非限制性定语从句，对 Europe进行补充说明。 serve as 意为“起到……的作用”。 参考译文 独轮手推车是一项源自中国古代的杰出发明。 据公元3世纪中国学者陈寿所著的《三国志》记载，三国时期蜀汉的丞相诸葛亮发明了一种新型独轮手推车，作为一种军事技术。诸葛亮需要一种能让单人高效地将大量粮食和军需品运往前线的方法，于是他想到了制造一种只有一个轮子的“木牛”。通过使用简单的杠杆原理并将其与单个轮子相结合，这种独轮手推车彻底改变了运输方式，节省了时间和人力。 中国早期独轮手推车的设计是由一个大的轮子支撑起一个木箱或平台组成。平台后方的长把手方便操控者控制独轮车的移动。人们只需推拉把手，就能更轻松快捷地运输货物，极大地提高了生产效率。 随着时间的推移，中国发明家不断改进独轮手推车的设计。他们进行了一些改进，如加大车轮尺寸、采用更耐用的材料，甚至添加了齿轮传动装置。这些改进进一步提升了独轮手推车的效率与载重量，使其成为日常生活中不可或缺的工具 Passage 3 七选五阅读 主题语境：科技进步 语篇类型：说明文 词数: 320 建议用时：7分钟 The Song Dynasty was a time of extraordinary innovation and achievement in Chinese history.The Song reunited China under the Song in 960after the fragmentation of the Tang Dynasty. 1 .Breakthroughs in printing, navigation, timekeeping,weaponry, and countless other fields reshaped Chinese society and had ripple effects across Eurasia and beyond. 2 . Building on earlier Chinese innovations in paper-making and woodblock printing, an artisan named Bi Sheng developed the world's first movable type printing press around 1040. Bi Sheng's clay type pieces, which were hardened by firing, could be arranged within an iron frame, inked, and pressed onto paper to mass-produce printed pages.Later Song printers experimented with wood, tin, and bronze movable type. 3 . The new printing method was far more efficient than block printing.* According to Shen Kuo, a polymath scientist who recorded Bi Sheng's invention, a single block-printed page took a craftsman a day to carve, while" several hundred" movable type pieces could be arranged in a day. The result was an explosion in the supply of affordable printed books during the Song. Government-sponsored printing houses were established in major cities, producing classics, histories, poetry, and official documents. 4 . They helped make novels, encyclopedias, and how-to guides spread widely.By 1000, the Song imperial library held 80,000 volumes; the modern historian Lucille Chia estimates that over 200,000 different books were printed during the Northern and Southern Song. The wide circulation of printed books fueled a renaissance in literature and learning. Literacy and classical education spread beyond the traditional aristocratic elite to more well-to-do commoners. The famed Song poet Su Shi celebrated the democratizing effect of print:“ 5 ; this was not the case before the invention of printing blocks and movable type.” The renowned Neo- Confucian philosopher Zhu Xi established a canon of Confucian texts that, in mass-printed form, shaped Chinese thought for centuries. 阅读短文，从选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 A. Movable type was revolutionary B. Scholars could obtain books very easily C. Private printers and booksellers also flourished D. Type printing was easy and handled in several procedures E. The emperors continued the social system of the Tang Dynasty F. One of the most far-reaching Song inventions was movable type printing G. It emerged as one of the most technologically advanced civilizations in the world 参考答案 本文介绍了活字印刷术的历史以及对世界文明发展的影响。 1. G前文提到宋朝统一中国，后文讲了宋朝在印刷、航海等领域的突破，故此处需要一个承上启下的句子来引出宋朝的科技成就。G项“它成为世界上科技最先进的文明之一”符合语境，能很好地衔接上下文。 2. F本段概述了宋朝在活字印刷方面的突破性发明以及毕昇发明的活字印刷术，因此F项“宋朝最具深远影响的发明之一是活字印刷术”可以作为本段主题句。 3. A本段是在对比活字印刷和雕版印刷，强调活字印刷的高效，故A 项“活字印刷具有革命性意义”，可以作为本段的主题句。 4. C前文提到政府兴办印刷厂，后文提到它们使得各种书籍广泛传播，故C项符合上下文逻辑。“私人印刷商和书商也蓬勃发展”能够补充说明除了政府办的印刷厂之外，民间的印刷行业也很繁荣，它们共同使得书籍广泛传播。 5. B根据苏轼所说内容的后半句“在发明雕版印刷和活字印刷之前情况并非如此”并结合选项内容可知，前半句应该是在说印刷术发明后学者很容易获取书籍，故B 项符合语境。 难句分析 ★ According to Shen Kuo,a polymath scientist who recorded Bi Sheng's invention,a single block-printed page took a craftsman a day to carve, while“several hundred” movable type pieces could be arranged in a day.据记录毕昇发明的博学科学家沈括记载，一名工匠雕刻一张雕版印刷书页需要一天时间，而“数百”活字字块一日便可排好。 who引导定语从句, 修饰先行词 scientist。 while表对比，引导比较状语从句 参考译文 宋朝是中国历史上一个充满非凡创新与成就的时代。唐朝分裂后，宋朝于公元960 年重新统一了中国。它成为世界上科技最先进的文明之一。在印刷、航海、计时、武器以及无数其他领域的突破重塑了中国社会，并在欧亚大陆和更远的地区产生了连锁反应。 宋朝最具深远影响的发明之一是活字印刷术。在早期中国造纸术和雕版印刷术创新的基础上，一位名叫毕昇的工匠在公元1040年左右研制出了世界上第一台活字印刷机。毕昇的黏土字块，通过烧制硬化，可以排列在一个铁框架内，涂上油墨，然后压印在纸张上，以实现书页的大规模印刷。后来宋朝的印刷工匠尝试了用木头、锡和青铜制作活字。 活字印刷具有革命性意义。这种新的印刷方法比雕版印刷高效得多。据记录毕昇发明的博学科学家沈括记载，一名工匠雕刻一张雕版印刷书页需要一天时间，而“数百个”活字字块一日便可排好。 其结果是，宋朝时期价格亲民的印刷书籍供应量激增。各大城市都建立了官方主办的印刷厂 印制经典著作、历史书籍、诗歌和官方文件。私人印刷商和书商也蓬勃发展。他们助力小说、百科全书和实用指南广泛传播。到公元1000年，宋朝皇家图书馆藏书达8万卷；现代历史学家贾晋珠估计，在北宋和南宋时期，有超过20万种不同书籍被印刷出来。 印刷书籍的广泛流通推动了文学和学术的复兴。识 字和古典教育从传统的贵族精英阶层传播到更多富裕的平民阶层。宋代著名诗人苏轼盛赞印刷术的民主化影响：“书生易得书；在雕版印刷和活字印刷发明之前，情况并非如此。”著名的新儒家哲学家朱熹整理了儒家经典文本，通过大量印刷，影响了几个世纪以来的中国思想。 Passage 4 完形填空 主题语境：科技发明 语篇类型：说明文 词数: ( 难度： 扫码听音频 )265 建议用时：13分钟 The kite is believed to have originated in China. Since its invention, there have been many 1 _to the kite by various cultures around the world. The kite you probably flew as a kid looks a bit different to the 2 Chinese kites and even the kites of modern China. Kites were 3 in the early Warring States Period by Mozi and Lu Ban, two philosophers who came after the teachings of Confucius. The kites were 4 to China for many years before the knowledge of how to make and use them advanced. The period 5 many attacks from foreign powers, as well as civil unrest. Kites played a role in providing military intelligence for the 6 . The first kites were what we today would call prototype kites: they were made of light wood and cloth.They were 7 to mimic (模仿) a bird's natural flight.* The first Chinese kites were used for 8 distances,which was useful information for moving large armies across difficult 9 . They were also used to calculate and record wind readings and 10 a unique form of communication similar to ship flags at sea. Chinese kites 11 represent mythological characters, symbolic creatures, as well as legendary 12 . Some have whistles or strings designed to make unique 13 while flying. Besides, they can be 14 two categories: large and small kites. Today, you will see people flying small kites with children in many Chinese parks. You can also see adults flying larger kites and using more advanced methods with larger ropes to 15 the great size. 1 A. explorations B. discussions C. adaptations D. solutions 2 A. unique B.common C. original D. colorful 3 A. invented B. flown C. unearthed D. used 4 A. strange B. familiar C. imaginary D. particular 5 A. survived B. saw C. overtook D. handled 6 A. forces B. towns C. factories D. educators 7 A. described B. decorated C. designed D. pictured 8 A. covering B. measuring C. marking D. recording 9 A. rivers B. situations C. valleys D. areas 10 A. created B. established C. developed D. provided 11 A. usually B. exactly C. normally D.commonly 12 A. stories B. figures C. cartoons D. traditions 13 A. sounds B. structures C. shapes D. adjustments 14 A.compared with B. based on C. divided into D. made of 15 A. drive B. support C. maintain D. operate 参考答案 Passage 4 完形填空 本文讲述了中国人发明和使用风筝的历史。 1. C文章开头提到风筝起源于中国，再根据本句中的by various cultures around the world 可知, 这里指风筝被发明后，其他文化对风筝进行了很多“改编、调整”。 adaptations“改良;改编”, 符合语境。 2. C 根据 The kite you probably flew as a kid looks a bitdifferent以及后面的 even the kites of modern China可知，此处指小时候玩的风筝和最初的中国风筝甚至现代中国的风筝看起来都有点不同。original意为“最初的;原始的”, 符合语境, 与后面的“even the kitesof modern China”形成对比。 3. A根据语境可知，此处指风筝是在战国早期由墨子和鲁班发明的。invent意为“发明”，符合语境。 4. D 根据 before the knowledge of how to make and use them advanced可知，此处指风筝在其制作和使用知识传播之前，多年来一直是中国所特有的。be particular to 意为“为……所特有”。 5. B period指的是战国时期,再根据后面的 many attacks from foreign powers可知, 这个时期发生了诸侯国互相攻伐。see表示“经历；见证”，符合语境。 6. A 根据 Kites played a role in providing military intelligence 可知，风筝在提供军事情报方面发挥了重要作用，故这里是讲述风筝为军队提供军事情报。forces意为“军队”, 符合语境。 7. C 根据a bird's natural flight可知, 早期的风筝被设计用来模仿鸟的自然飞行。 be designed to do 意为“被设计用来做……” 8. B 根据 distances 以及 which was useful information for moving large armies 可知, 中国最初的风筝被用来测量距离，为在复杂的地形上调动军队提供重要信息。 measure 意为“测量”, 符合语境。 9. D根据上下文可知，此处指军队在跨越困难区域时用风筝测量距离的作用。 across difficult areas 表示“跨越困难区域”。 10. D 根据 similar to ship flags at sea可知, 此处表示风筝还被用来提供一种独特的交流方式，与海上的船旗的作用类似。 11. A根据语境可知，这里讲述中国风筝通常呈现神话角色等。usually 表示“通常”，符合语境，说明一般情况下中国风筝的象征意义。 12. B 与 mythological characters(神话角色) 并列, 应该是 legendary figures(传奇人物), figure有“人物”的意思，符合语境。 13. A 根据前文的 whistles or strings可知, 这里是指风筝飞行时能发出独特的声音， sound“声音”，符合语境。 14. C 根据 two categories: large and small kites 可知,这里是指风筝可以被分为大风筝和小风筝两类。Be divided into 意为“被分为”。 15. B larger ropes指用来放飞巨大的风筝的绳子。 support在文中有“支撑”的意思。 难句分析 ★ The first Chinese kites were used for measuring distances, which was useful information for moving large armies across difficult areas.中国最初的风筝被用来测量距离，这对于大军跨越困难区域来说是很有用的信息。 which引导非限制性定语从句，对前面的句子进行补充说明。move此处意为“调动；使移动”。 参考译文 人们认为风筝起源于中国。自发明以来，世界各地的不同文化对风筝进行了诸多改造。你小时候可能放过的风筝，与最初的中国风筝，甚至是现代中国的风筝，看起来都略有不同。 风筝是由战国早期的墨子和鲁班发明的，这两位哲学家传承了孔子的学说。在制作和使用风筝的技术得到发展之前，风筝多年来一直为中国所特有。这一时期经历了许多来自外来军事势力的攻击，以及国内的动荡不安。风筝在为军队提供军事情报方面发挥了作用。 最初的风筝就是我们如今所称的原型风筝：它们由轻质木材和布料制成。它们被设计用来模仿鸟类的自然飞行。中国最初的风筝被用于测量距离，这对于大军跨越艰难地区提供了有用信息。它们还被用于计算和记录风力数据，并提供一种类似于海上船旗的独特通信方式。 中国风筝通常呈现神话人物、具有象征意义的生物以及传奇人物的样子。有些风筝配有口哨或线，设计目的是在飞行时发出独特的声音。此外，风筝可分为两类：大风筝和小风筝。如今，你会在中国的许多公园里看到人们和孩子们一起放飞小风筝。你也能看到成年人放飞更大的风筝，并且使用更先进的方法，用更粗的绳子来支撑巨大的风筝。 Passage 5语法填空 主题语境：科技发明语篇类型：说明文 词数: ( 难度： 扫码听音频 )240 建议用时：8分钟 Chinese students are no 1 (strange) to the 240multiplication(乘法) table. Known as jiujiu biao (Nine-nines rhyme), the multiplication table was already very popular as early as the seventh century BC in China according to historical records. It was titled this because when it 2 (teach), one would start with“nine times nine(9×9)” and work his or her way down to“1×1”. In today’ s schools in China, students start with“1×1” and work their way up. Recent archaeological finds show that a multiplication table 3 (find) at the Gurendi cultural relics of the Eastern Han Dynasty in Zhangjiajie of Central China’ s Hunan Province was ____4____(amazing)consistent with the table of today, although the handwriting on the table is quite illegible (模糊难辨的). The table was discovered on a 22cm long wooden strip, 5 was broken when it was discovered.* Previously, another 2,200-year-old bamboo strip from the Qin Dynasty 6the carving of the multiplication table was found in Liye Ancient City in western Hunan Province, which is the 7 (early) calculation table ever found in China. Another multiplication table was discovered in documents from Loulan, which was written on two pieces of paper and discovered by Swedish explorer Sven Hedina a century ago. Ancient Chinese were not the only people 8 (invent) multiplication tables as they have also been discovered on the clay tablets from ancient Babylon. As the pronunciation of Chinese words is monosyllabic (单音节的), 9 traditional Chinese multiplication table can be read smoothly and easily to be remembered 10 used. 阅读短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 参考答案 Passage 5语法填空 本文介绍了中国人应用九九乘法表的历史。 1. strangers 考查名词。 be no stranger to 是固定搭配,意为“对……不陌生”，这里表示中国学生对乘法口诀表不陌生。主语中的 students为复数, 因此 stranger也要用复数形式。 2. was taught 考查时态和语态。分析句子结构可知, it指代 the multiplication table, 与 teach 之间是被动关系，即“乘法表被教授”，且根据上下文可知说的是过去的情况，故用一般过去时的被动语态 was taught。 3. found 考查非谓语动词。句子的谓语动词是 was，find处于非谓语的位置, 且 multiplication table与 find之间是被动关系，因此填过去分词形式，作后置定语。表示“在张家界古仁地东汉文化遗址中被发现的乘法表”, 故用 found。 4. amazingly 考查副词。此处需要用副词来修饰形容词 consistent, 故填 amazingly。 5. which考查定语从句。分析可知，此处是说竹简被发现时是断的，空处用 which引导非限制性定语从句，对 strip进行补充说明。 6. with 考查介词。 with意为“带着;上面有”, 介词短语作 bamboo strip的定语,表示“刻有乘法表的竹简”。 7. earliest 考查形容词。根据语境及空前的 the 可知,此处表示“最早的”，要用形容词最高级形式 earliest。 8. to invent 考查非谓语动词。“the only+名词+ to do sth”是固定结构，此处表示“唯一发明乘法表的人”，故填 to invent。 9. the 考查冠词。根据前半句内容可知,此处 traditional Chinese multiplication table是特指中国古代的“乘法表”，因此用定冠词 the。 10. and 考查连词。 remembered和 used是并列关系, 表示乘法表被记住和被使用，所以应填并列连词 and。 难句分析 ★ Previously, another 2,200-year-old bamboo strip from the Qin Dynasty with the carving of the multiplicationtable was found in Liye Ancient City in western Hunan Province, which is the earliest calculation table ever found in China.此前,在湖南省西部的里耶古城还发现了另一块有着2200年历史的、刻有乘法口诀表的秦代竹简，它是中国迄今为止发现的最早的乘法表。which引导非限制性定语从句,补充说明 the multiplicationtable。 ever found in China 为过去分词短语作后置定语, 修饰 calculation table。 参考译文 中国学生对乘法口诀并不陌生。根据历史记载，早在公元前7世纪，中国就已经非常流行乘法口诀表，称为“九九表”。之所以这样命名，是因为在教授时，人们会从“九九八十一”开始，逐渐向下学习到“一一得—”。在今天的中国学校里，学生们则从“——得一”开始，逐渐向上学习。 最近的考古发现表明，在中国中部湖南省张家界古人堤东汉文化遗址中发现的一块乘法口诀表与今天的口诀表惊人的一致，尽管该乘法表上的字迹非常模糊难辨。这个口诀表是在一块22厘米长的木简上发现的，发现时已经断裂。此前，在湖南省西部的里耶古城发现了一块有着2200年历史的、刻有乘法口诀表的秦代竹简，该竹简上的乘法表是中国迄今为止发现的最早的乘法表。另一个乘法口诀表是在楼兰遗址的文献中发现的，它写在两张纸上，是在一个世纪前由瑞典探险家斯文·赫定发现的。 古代中国人并不是唯一发明乘法口诀表的民族，因为古代巴比伦的泥板上也发现了乘法表。由于汉字的发音是单音节的，所以传统的中国乘法口诀表读起来朗朗上口，易于记忆和使用。 Passage 1阅读理解A 单词短语 ( 第 1 页 共 11 页 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1 astronomy n. 天文学 2 credit v.认为……属(某种类或性质) 3 terminology n.术语; 用语 4 label v. 贴标签于 5 irrigation n. 灌溉 6 fertilizer n. 肥料 7 famine n. 饥荒 经典句式 1 Xu Guangqi became the first native of China to publish translations of European books into Chinese. (动词不定式作定语) 2 Ricci would explain the contents of the original text to Xu Guangqi, who would then write down what he understood. (who 引导非限制性定语从句, 对 Xu Guangqi进行补充说明； what引导宾语从句 ) Passage 2 阅读理解B 单词短语 1 originate v.起源 2 enormous adj. 巨大的; 庞大的 3 revolutionize v.完全变革; 彻底改变 4 durable adj.持久的; 耐用的 5 mechanism n.机械装置 6 capacity n.容量; 容纳能力 7 indispensable adj. 不可或缺的; 必不可少的 经典句式 By simply pushing or pulling the handles, individuals could transport goods more quickly and easily,significantly increasing productivity. (介词短语作方式状语；现在分词短语作结果状语) Passage 3 七选五阅读 单词短语 1 reunify v.重新统一 2 fragmentation n.分裂 3 polymath adj.博学的 4 volume n.卷; 册 5 aristocratic elite贵族精英 6 canon n.经典 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 经典句式 1 Bi Sheng's clay type pieces, which were hardened by firing, could be arranged within an iron frame,inked, and pressed onto paper to mass-produce printed pages. (which 引导非限制性定语从句, 对 clay type pieces进行补充说明) 2 Government-sponsored printing houses were established in major cities, producing classics, histories,poetry, and official documents. (现在分词短语作伴随状语) Passage 4 完形填空 单词短语 1 philosopher n. 哲学家 2 prototype n.原型; 样本 3 flight n.飞行 4 symbolic adj. 作为象征的; 象征性的 5 legendary adj.传说中的 6 category n.种类; 类型 经典句式 The first kites were what we today would call prototype kites: they were made of light wood and cloth. (what引导表语从句) Passage 5 语法填空 单词短语 1 archaeological adj.考古的 2 cultural relics 文化遗址 3 consistent adj.一致的 4 strip n.条; 带 5 tablet n.牌; 碑 经典句式 1 Recent archaeological finds show that a multiplication table found at the Gurendi cultural relics of the Eastern Han Dynasty in Zhangjiajie of Central China's Hunan Province was amazingly consistent with the table of today, although the handwriting on the table is quite illegible. (that引导宾语从句; although 引导让步状语从句) 2 Ancient Chinese were not the only people to invent multiplication tables as they have also been discovered on the clay tablets from ancient Babylon. (as引导原因状语从句) 语料积累 话题高频词汇 1 inspire v.激励；启发 14 achievement n.成就 2 contribute v.贡献 15 accomplishment n.成就；完成 3 evolution n.进化；发展 16 project n.项目；方案 4 development n.发展 17 fiber n.纤维 5 create v.创造；创作 18 access n.进入(权)；通道 6 invent v.发明 19 acquire v.获得；学到；习得 7 patent n.专利权 20 metallurgical adj.冶金的 8 property n.所有物；财产；属性 21 gunpowder n.火药 9 ambition n.抱负；志向 22 persevere v.坚持不懈 10 technology n.技术；工艺 23 accidentally adv.偶然地 14 technique n.技巧；技艺；工艺 24 insist on坚持 12 process n.过程；进程v.加工 25 movable type活字印刷 18 procedure n.程序；步骤；手续 26 search for寻找 话题重点句、亮点句 1 The instrument had eight dragons on the surface (whose heads pointed in eight directions—— east, south, west,north, southeast, northeast, southwest, and northwest), and each dragon had a copper ball in its mouth.【冀教版必修一 Unit 5】这件器物的表面铸有八条龙(龙头分别指向八个方向：东、南、西、北、东南、东北、西南和西北)，每条龙的嘴里都含着一颗铜球。 2 Gunpowder was invented by the Chinese in the eighth century AD. Early Chinese scientists discovered how they could make something explode.【北师大版选择性必修四Unit 12】火药是中国人在公元8世纪发明的。早期的中国科学家发现了如何使某物爆炸。 3 This invention made it much quicker and easier to reproduce written work and led to the first ever mass-production of books and literature.【北师大版选择性必修四Unit 12】这项发明使得复制书面作品变得更快、更容易，从而促成了书籍与文学作品有史以来的首次大规模生产。 4 By the 11th century, the Chinese were using highly developed compasses to navigate their ships at sea. In the West, magnetism was not discovered until the 15th century.【北师大版选择性必修四 Unit 12】到 11 世纪时，中国人已在使用高度发达的指南针在海上为船只导航。在西方，直到 15 世纪磁现象才被发现。 5 According to some records, the largest ships were over 140 metres in length, demonstrating the advanced technology and special skills used in constructing ships.【译林版必修三Unit 3】根据一些记载，最大的船只长度超过 140 米，这展现了当时造船所运用的先进技术与特殊技艺。 6 The unmanned Chang'e-4 probe— the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess— touched down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin.【2020全国Ⅰ卷】无人探测器嫦娥四号————其命名灵感源自中国古代神话中的月亮女神————于上周在南极艾特肯盆地着陆。 7 He's one of a small but growing number of American兽兽兽兽医生 now practicing" holistic" medicine—combining traditional Western treatments with acupuncture, chiropractic and herbal medicine.【2024全国Ⅰ卷B篇】他是为数不多但数量正不断增加的美国兽医之一，这些兽医如今从事“整体”医学实践，即将传统的西医治疗方法与针灸、脊椎推拿疗法和草药疗法相结合。 ( 第 10 页 共 11 页 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 用英语讲述中国传统文化之传统文化阅读 科学进步 Passage 1阅读理解 A 主题语境：科技人物 语篇类型：记叙文 词数: 347 ( 难度： 扫码听音频 ) 建议用时：7分钟 Xu Guangqi (1562——1633) was a Chinese official of the Ming Dynasty.He was also an agricultural scientist,astronomer, and mathematician.He spent the majority of his time in positions of high office serving the Ming court. He was greatly interested in the European technology, geography, astronomy and mathematics introduced to China by missionaries (传教士). Xu Guangqi was born in 1562 in Shanghai. He passed the county-level civil service examination at the age of nineteen, and obtained his chin-shih degree, the highest level in the civil service examination, in his thirties. In1604, Xu Guangqi sat for the highest examinations in the country and was appointed to the Hanlin Academy. In 1625, Xu resigned from his position and returned to Shanghai. He collaborated (协作) with Matteo Ricci,an Italian missionary, on the translation of several classic Western texts into Chinese. Xu Guangqi became the first native of China to publish translations of European books into Chinese. In 1607, they translated the first six books of Euclid's Elements. Ricci would explain the contents of the original text to Xu Guangqi, who would then write down what he understood. Chinese scholars credit Xu with having“started China’ s enlightenment(启蒙运动)”. The approach to mathematics in these books must have seemed totally alien (陌生的) to Chinese readers,whose traditional approach to mathematics had been highly practical. * The new Chinese terminology which Xu Guangqi had to invent for unfamiliar terms such as“point”, “curve”, “parallel line”, “acute angle”, and“obtuse angle” soon became part of Chinese mathematics,as did the style of the geometric figures, in particular the characters Xu Guangqi chose to label them. Xu Guangqi wrote Nong Zheng Quan Shu, an outstanding agricultural treatise (论文). Living in troubled times, Xu was devoted as a patriot to aiding the farmers of China. His main interests were in irrigation, fertilizers,famine relief, economic crops, and observation based on experiments with early notions of chemistry. It was an enormous work with some 700,000 Chinese characters,making it seven times as large as the work of previous agricultural books. 1 How does the author start the text? A. By telling about Xu Guangqi's interest in science. B. By presenting Xu Guangqi's influence in the court. C. By showing Xu Guangqi’ s degree in civil examination. D. By introducing Xu Guangqi’ s scientific achievements. 2 Why was Xu Guangqi honored to have started China's enlightenment? A. He was the first to cooperate with a foreigner on scientific studies. B. He was the pioneer to introduce European books to Chinese people. C. He set an example in the way of translation from English to Chinese. D. He showed great interest in the European technological development. 3 What can we infer from Xu Guangqi's invention of the Chinese terms? A. His efforts led the approach to mathematics to be practical. B. He made the learning of mathematics popular and attractive. C. He made it easy to spread the basics of mathematics in China. D. He laid the foundation for the scientific development in China. 4 What can best describe Xu Guangqi’ sNong Zheng Quan Shu? A. Fictional. B. Pioneering. B. C. Valuable. D. Fantastic.Passage Passage 2阅读理解B 主题语境：科技发明 语篇类型：说明文 词数: 34 ( 难度： 扫码听音频 )0 建议用时：7分钟 The wheelbarrow is a brilliant invention that originated in ancient China. According to the“Records of the Three Kingdoms,” written by Chinese scholar ChenShou in the third century CE, the prime minister of the Shu Han Dynasty in the Three Kingdoms Period, Zhuge Liang, invented a new form of wheelbarrow as a form of military technology. Zhuge Liang needed an efficient way for a single person to transport enormous quantities of food and munitions(军需品) to the front lines, so he came up with the idea of making a“wooden ox” with a single wheel. By using a simple lever (杠杆) and combining it with a single wheel, the wheelbarrow revolutionized transportation methods, saving time and manpower. The design of the early Chinese wheelbarrow consisted of a wooden box or platform supported by a single large wheel. The long handles at the back of the platform provided the operator with control over the wheelbarrow's movement. By simply pushing or pulling the handles, individuals could transport goods more quickly and easily, significantly increasing productivity. Chinese inventors continuously improved the wheelbarrow's design over time. They added enhancements(增强) such as larger wheels, more durable materials,and even gearing (齿轮传动) mechanisms. These improvements further increased the wheelbarrow's efficiency and capacity, making it an indispensable tool for daily life. The benefits of the Chinese wheelbarrow quickly spread beyond China's borders. As ancient trade routes expanded, the wheelbarrow found its way to neighboring countries and regions, helping to stimulate economic growth and development. * The device gradually reached Europe during the Middle Ages, where it was widely embraced and served as a foundation for the development of new and advanced transportation methods. The invention of the wheelbarrow in ancient China has left an indelible mark on human civilization. Its simple yet effective design revolutionized labor-intensive tasks,paving the way for progress in various fields. Even today,the wheelbarrow remains an essential tool in construction,gardening, and agriculture, proving the lasting impact of this ingenious invention. 1 Why was the wheelbarrow a revolutionary means of transportation? A. It brought high efficiency to transportation. B. Wheels were first used to deliver heavy loads. C. Carts were used to transport military supplies. D. A lever was used to make the device go faster. 2 What can we infer from the development of the wheelbarrow? A. The wheelbarrow relies on the handles to move. B. Chinese people were creative to make inventions. C. People can't live well without wheelbarrows. D. Relevant technologies make an invention perfect. 3 What is mainly talked about inParagraph5? A. The Chinese wheelbarrow helped economic growth in Asian countries. B. The Chinese wheelbarrow gained popularity in Europe in the Middle Ages. C. The invention of the Chinese wheelbarrow brought the world forward. D. Merchants took the Chinese wheelbarrow to neighboring countries. 4 What does the underlined word“indelible” mean in the text? A. Unchangeable. B. Unreadable. C. Inerasable. D. Indispensable. Passage 3 七选五阅读 主题语境：科技进步 语篇类型：说明文 词数: 320 建议用时：7分钟 The Song Dynasty was a time of extraordinary innovation and achievement in Chinese history.The Song reunited China under the Song in 960after the fragmentation of the Tang Dynasty. 1 .Breakthroughs in printing, navigation, timekeeping,weaponry, and countless other fields reshaped Chinese society and had ripple effects across Eurasia and beyond. 2 . Building on earlier Chinese innovations in paper-making and woodblock printing, an artisan named Bi Sheng developed the world's first movable type printing press around 1040. Bi Sheng's clay type pieces, which were hardened by firing, could be arranged within an iron frame, inked, and pressed onto paper to mass-produce printed pages.Later Song printers experimented with wood, tin, and bronze movable type. 3 . The new printing method was far more efficient than block printing.* According to Shen Kuo, a polymath scientist who recorded Bi Sheng's invention, a single block-printed page took a craftsman a day to carve, while" several hundred" movable type pieces could be arranged in a day. The result was an explosion in the supply of affordable printed books during the Song. Government-sponsored printing houses were established in major cities, producing classics, histories, poetry, and official documents. 4 . They helped make novels, encyclopedias, and how-to guides spread widely.By 1000, the Song imperial library held 80,000 volumes; the modern historian Lucille Chia estimates that over 200,000 different books were printed during the Northern and Southern Song. The wide circulation of printed books fueled a renaissance in literature and learning. Literacy and classical education spread beyond the traditional aristocratic elite to more well-to-do commoners. The famed Song poet Su Shi celebrated the democratizing effect of print:“ 5 ; this was not the case before the invention of printing blocks and movable type.” The renowned Neo- Confucian philosopher Zhu Xi established a canon of Confucian texts that, in mass-printed form, shaped Chinese thought for centuries. 阅读短文，从选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 A. Movable type was revolutionary B. Scholars could obtain books very easily C. Private printers and booksellers also flourished D. Type printing was easy and handled in several procedures E. The emperors continued the social system of the Tang Dynasty F. One of the most far-reaching Song inventions was movable type printing G. It emerged as one of the most technologically advanced civilizations in the world Passage 4 完形填空 主题语境：科技发明 语篇类型：说明文 词数: ( 难度： 扫码听音频 )265 建议用时：13分钟 The kite is believed to have originated in China. Since its invention, there have been many 1 _to the kite by various cultures around the world. The kite you probably flew as a kid looks a bit different to the 2 Chinese kites and even the kites of modern China. Kites were 3 in the early Warring States Period by Mozi and Lu Ban, two philosophers who came after the teachings of Confucius. The kites were 4 to China for many years before the knowledge of how to make and use them advanced. The period 5 many attacks from foreign powers, as well as civil unrest. Kites played a role in providing military intelligence for the 6 . The first kites were what we today would call prototype kites: they were made of light wood and cloth.They were 7 to mimic (模仿) a bird's natural flight.* The first Chinese kites were used for 8 distances,which was useful information for moving large armies across difficult 9 . They were also used to calculate and record wind readings and 10 a unique form of communication similar to ship flags at sea. Chinese kites 11 represent mythological characters, symbolic creatures, as well as legendary 12 . Some have whistles or strings designed to make unique 13 while flying. Besides, they can be 14 two categories: large and small kites. Today, you will see people flying small kites with children in many Chinese parks. You can also see adults flying larger kites and using more advanced methods with larger ropes to 15 the great size. 1 A. explorations B. discussions C. adaptations D. solutions 2 A. unique B.common C. original D. colorful 3 A. invented B. flown C. unearthed D. used 4 A. strange B. familiar C. imaginary D. particular 5 A. survived B. saw C. overtook D. handled 6 A. forces B. towns C. factories D. educators 7 A. described B. decorated C. designed D. pictured 8 A. covering B. measuring C. marking D. recording 9 A. rivers B. situations C. valleys D. areas 10 A. created B. established C. developed D. provided 11 A. usually B. exactly C. normally D.commonly 12 A. stories B. figures C. cartoons D. traditions 13 A. sounds B. structures C. shapes D. adjustments 14 A.compared with B. based on C. divided into D. made of 15 A. drive B. support C. maintain D. operate Passage 5语法填空 主题语境：科技发明语篇类型：说明文 词数: ( 难度： 扫码听音频 )240 建议用时：8分钟 Chinese students are no 1 (strange) to the 240multiplication(乘法) table. Known as jiujiu biao (Nine-nines rhyme), the multiplication table was already very popular as early as the seventh century BC in China according to historical records. It was titled this because when it 2 (teach), one would start with“nine times nine(9×9)” and work his or her way down to“1×1”. In today’ s schools in China, students start with“1×1” and work their way up. Recent archeological finds show that a multiplication table 3 (find) at the Gurendi cultural relics of the Eastern Han Dynasty in Zhangjiajie of Central China’ s Hunan Province was ____4____(amazing)consistent with the table of today, although the handwriting on the table is quite illegible (模糊难辨的). The table was discovered on a 22cm long wooden strip, 5 was broken when it was discovered.* Previously, another 2,200-year-old bamboo strip from the Qin Dynasty 6the carving of the multiplication table was found in Liye Ancient City in western Hunan Province, which is the 7 (early) calculation table ever found in China. Another multiplication table was discovered in documents from Loulan, which was written on two pieces of paper and discovered by Swedish explorer Sven Hedina a century ago. Ancient Chinese were not the only people 8 (invent) multiplication tables as they have also been discovered on the clay tablets from ancient Babylon. As the pronunciation of Chinese words is monosyllabic (单音节的), 9 traditional Chinese multiplication table can be read smoothly and easily to be remembered 10 used. 阅读短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Passage 1阅读理解A 单词短语 ( 第 1 页 共 11 页 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1 astronomy n. 天文学 2 credit v.认为……属(某种类或性质) 3 terminology n.术语; 用语 4 label v. 贴标签于 5 irrigation n. 灌溉 6 fertilizer n. 肥料 7 famine n. 饥荒 经典句式 1 Xu Guangqi became the first native of China to publish translations of European books into Chinese. (动词不定式作定语) 2 Ricci would explain the contents of the original text to Xu Guangqi, who would then write down what he understood. (who 引导非限制性定语从句, 对 Xu Guangqi进行补充说明； what引导宾语从句 ) Passage 2 阅读理解B 单词短语 1 originate v.起源 2 enormous adj. 巨大的; 庞大的 3 revolutionize v.完全变革; 彻底改变 4 durable adj.持久的; 耐用的 5 mechanism n.机械装置 6 capacity n.容量; 容纳能力 7 indispensable adj. 不可或缺的; 必不可少的 经典句式 By simply pushing or pulling the handles, individuals could transport goods more quickly and easily,significantly increasing productivity. (介词短语作方式状语；现在分词短语作结果状语) Passage 3 七选五阅读 单词短语 1 reunify v.重新统一 2 fragmentation n.分裂 3 polymath adj.博学的 4 volume n.卷; 册 5 aristocratic elite贵族精英 6 canon n.经典 经典句式 1 Bi Sheng's clay type pieces, which were hardened by firing, could be arranged within an iron frame,inked, and pressed onto paper to mass-produce printed pages. (which 引导非限制性定语从句, 对 clay type pieces进行补充说明) 2 Government-sponsored printing houses were established in major cities, producing classics, histories,poetry, and official documents. (现在分词短语作伴随状语) Passage 4 完形填空 单词短语 1 philosopher n. 哲学家 2 prototype n.原型; 样本 3 flight n.飞行 4 symbolic adj. 作为象征的; 象征性的 5 legendary adj.传说中的 6 category n.种类; 类型 经典句式 The first kites were what we today would call prototype kites: they were made of light wood and cloth. (what引导表语从句) Passage 5 语法填空 单词短语 1 archaeological adj.考古的 2 cultural relics 文化遗址 3 consistent adj.一致的 4 strip n.条; 带 5 tablet n.牌; 碑 经典句式 1 Recent archaeological finds show that a multiplication table found at the Gurendi cultural relics of the Eastern Han Dynasty in Zhangjiajie of Central China's Hunan Province was amazingly consistent with the table of today, although the handwriting on the table is quite illegible. (that引导宾语从句; although 引导让步状语从句) 2 Ancient Chinese were not the only people to invent multiplication tables as they have also been discovered on the clay tablets from ancient Babylon. (as引导原因状语从句) 语料积累 话题高频词汇 1 inspire v.激励；启发 14 achievement n.成就 2 contribute v.贡献 15 accomplishment n.成就；完成 3 evolution n.进化；发展 16 project n.项目；方案 4 development n.发展 17 fiber n.纤维 5 create v.创造；创作 18 access n.进入(权)；通道 6 invent v.发明 19 acquire v.获得；学到；习得 7 patent n.专利权 20 metallurgical adj.冶金的 8 property n.所有物；财产；属性 21 gunpowder n.火药 9 ambition n.抱负；志向 22 persevere v.坚持不懈 10 technology n.技术；工艺 23 accidentally adv.偶然地 14 technique n.技巧；技艺；工艺 24 insist on坚持 12 process n.过程；进程v.加工 25 movable type活字印刷 18 procedure n.程序；步骤；手续 26 search for寻找 话题重点句、亮点句 1 The instrument had eight dragons on the surface (whose heads pointed in eight directions—— east, south, west,north, southeast, northeast, southwest, and northwest), and each dragon had a copper ball in its mouth.【冀教版必修一 Unit 5】这件器物的表面铸有八条龙(龙头分别指向八个方向：东、南、西、北、东南、东北、西南和西北)，每条龙的嘴里都含着一颗铜球。 2 Gunpowder was invented by the Chinese in the eighth century AD. Early Chinese scientists discovered how they could make something explode.【北师大版选择性必修四Unit 12】火药是中国人在公元8世纪发明的。早期的中国科学家发现了如何使某物爆炸。 3 This invention made it much quicker and easier to reproduce written work and led to the first ever mass-production of books and literature.【北师大版选择性必修四Unit 12】这项发明使得复制书面作品变得更快、更容易，从而促成了书籍与文学作品有史以来的首次大规模生产。 4 By the 11th century, the Chinese were using highly developed compasses to navigate their ships at sea. In the West, magnetism was not discovered until the 15th century.【北师大版选择性必修四 Unit 12】到 11 世纪时，中国人已在使用高度发达的指南针在海上为船只导航。在西方，直到 15 世纪磁现象才被发现。 5 According to some records, the largest ships were over 140 metres in length, demonstrating the advanced technology and special skills used in constructing ships.【译林版必修三Unit 3】根据一些记载，最大的船只长度超过 140 米，这展现了当时造船所运用的先进技术与特殊技艺。 6 The unmanned Chang'e-4 probe— the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess— touched down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin.【2020全国Ⅰ卷】无人探测器嫦娥四号————其命名灵感源自中国古代神话中的月亮女神————于上周在南极艾特肯盆地着陆。 7 He's one of a small but growing number of American兽兽兽兽医生 now practicing" holistic" medicine—combining traditional Western treatments with acupuncture, chiropractic and herbal medicine.【2024全国Ⅰ卷B篇】他是为数不多但数量正不断增加的美国兽医之一，这些兽医如今从事“整体”医学实践，即将传统的西医治疗方法与针灸、脊椎推拿疗法和草药疗法相结合。 ( 第 10 页 共 11 页 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $