内容正文:
【同步100分背默】Unit8 Safe and sound
一.词句背默
Part 1 Welcome to the unit~Part 2 Reading
重点
单词
Verb动词
1.(使)规律作响或运动;用力敲打__________
2.(使)平静,(使)镇静__________
3. 着火;(使)烧毁,烧伤__________
Noun名词__________
4. 紧急情况__________
5. 情况__________
6. 闪电__________
7. 办公室,办公楼__________
8. 长途汽车__________
9. 道路__________
10. 事故__________
11. 台风__________
12. 状态,情况__________
13. 消防员__________
14. 交通__________
15. 雷声__________
16. 炸弹__________
17. 恐惧,害怕__________
18. 方向__________
19. 砖__________
20. 嗓音,说话声,歌唱声__________
21. 烟__________
Adjective形容词
22. 健康的,无损伤的__________
23. 无家可归的__________
24. 可怕的__________
25. 轻微的__________
26. 安静的__________
27. 焦虑的;胆怯的__________
28. 虚弱的__________
Conjunction连词
29. 是否__________
30. 因为,既然__________
Preposition介词
31. 除……之外__________
多重词性词
32. n. ,vi. & vt. 摇动__________
33. vi. & n.呼喊,呼叫___________
必会
词块
34. 安然无恙__________
35. 恐惧地,害怕地__________
36. 四处,到处__________
37. 暗想;自言自语__________
38.(使)平静__________
39. 扑灭,熄灭__________
常考
句型
40. 雾太浓了,司机们看不见他们前面一米以外的东西。
____________________________________________________________
41. 地震发生时我正在工作。
____________________________________________________________
42. 我什么也看不见,也不知道周围还有没有其他人。
____________________________________________________________
43. 我的脑海中掠过一阵恐惧,但我告诉自己要镇定下来,因为我还活着。
____________________________________________________________
44. 然后我听到了人们激动的叫喊声。
____________________________________________________________
Part 3 Grammar & Word power~ Part 4 Integration
重点
单词
Verb动词
1. 猜测,估计__________
2. 清除,清理__________
3. 避免,防止__________
4. 流血,失血__________
5. 按;压__________
6. 警告,告诫__________
7. 消失__________
Noun名词
8.(常指带檐的)帽子__________
9.(男)警察__________
10. 邮递员__________
11. 机场__________
12. 护照__________
13. 山林大火__________
14. 标牌,指示牌__________
15. 伤,伤口__________
16. 海啸,潮汐波__________
Adverb副词
17. 大量地__________
Preposition介词
18. 包括……在内__________
多重词性词
19. n. & vi.疼痛__________
20.vi. & vt. & n.报道;汇报;传闻_________
必会
词块
21. 继续做某事__________
22. 数以百万计的__________
23. 迄今为止__________
24. 接近__________
25. 找到一个安全的地方__________
26. 使…… 免于……;防止……遭受……____________
27. 立刻__________
28. 从……逃离;逃避__________
常考
句型
29. 星期六早上我起床时,正下着大雪。
____________________________________________________________
30. 猜猜我做了什么?
____________________________________________________________
31. 在寒冷的日子里吃热饺子真舒服!
____________________________________________________________
32. 用一块湿布捂住口鼻。
____________________________________________________________
33. 你有没有想过如何在自然灾害和紧急情况下保持安全?
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
34. 海啸过后,警察检查了每个人是否都安全,并警告我们几天内要远离海滩。
____________________________________________________________
二.语法背默
过去进行时
一. 过去进行时的构成
句式
结构
例句
肯定句
主语+was/were+v.-ing+其他.
I was cleaning the windows at that time.那时我正在擦窗户。
否定句
主语+wasn't/weren't+ v.-ing +其他.
They weren't having an English class at eight yesterday morning.昨天上午八点他们没有在上英语课。
一般疑问句
及其回答
Was/Were+主语+ v.-ing +其他?
肯定回答:Yes, 主语+was/were.
否定回答:No, 主语+wasn't/weren't.
—Were you drawing all day yesterday?昨天一整天你都在画画吗?
—Yes, I was./No, I wasn't.是的,我一直在画。/不是,我没有一直在画。
特殊疑问句
特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+ v.-ing+其他?
What were you doing at 9 a.m. the day before yesterday?前天上午九点你在做什么?
二. 过去进行时的用法
(1)过去进行时表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作,此时句中往往有表示过去的时间状语at that moment、 at that/this time yesterday、 at nine o'clock last night等。
We were having dinner then.那时我们正在吃晚饭。
What were you doing at this time last night? 昨天晚上这个时候你正在做什么?
(2)过去进行时也可用来表示过去某一阶段一直在进行的动作,此时常与those days、 the whole morning、 all day yesterday、 "from+时间点+to+时间点+last night"等时间状语连用。有时没有明显的时间状语,需要根据语境判断。
I was writing a novel on the computer from seven to nine last night.昨天晚上七点到九点我一直在电脑上写小说。
We were writing our reports those days.那些天我们一直在写报告。
(3)过去进行时表示过去某个时间将要做某事,只有come、 go、 leave、 arrive 等动词有这种用法。
He said he was coming in ten minutes.他说他十分钟后来。
注意有些动词通常不用于进行时,主要有:
(1)表示心理状态、情感的动词,如love、 hate、 like、 know等。
(2)部分连系动词,如seem、 appear等。
(3)感官动词,如see、 hear、 feel、 smell、 sound、 taste 等。
(4)短暂性动词,如decide、 stop等。
when、 while 和as的用法
连词
用法
例句
when
意为"当……时"。
①从句既可表示在某一时间点发生的事,也可表示某一段时间发生的事。
②主从句动作可以同时发生,也可以先后发生。
③从句谓语动词可以是瞬间性的,也可以是延续性的。
He was watching TV when I went to see him. 当我去看他时,他正在看电视。
When the weather is fine, many people go out for a walk.天气好时,很多人都出去散步。
while
意为"当……时,在……期间"。
①主句动作发生在从句动作进行的过程中或主句的动作与从句的动作同时发生。
②从句谓语动词应用延续性动词。
While I was cooking, the telephone rang. 我正在做饭时,电话响了。
While I was doing my homework, my brother was drawing. 当我正在做家庭作业时,我弟弟在画画。
as
意为"当……时;随着……;一边……,一边……"。
①表示主句和从句动作同时发生。
②也可以强调两个动作相伴发生。
③从句谓语动词可以是瞬间性的,也可以是延续性的。
As we were going out, it began to rain.当我们出门时,开始下雨了。
As years go by,China is getting richer and stronger.随着时间一年年过去,中国变得越来越富强了。
The little girls sang as they played.小姑娘们一边玩,一边唱。
注意(1) while还可作"而,然而" 讲,表示对比。
I like playing football while my brother likes playing basketball.我喜欢踢足球,而我的哥哥喜欢打篮球。
(2)在含有when/while引导的时间状语从句的复合句中,当主句和从句的主语一致,并且从句谓语含有be动词时,可以省略从句中的主语和be动词。
When/While (she is) in trouble, she always asks me for help.她遇到困难时总是向我求助。
While/When(you are) eating a whole cooked fish, you can't be too careful with fish bones.吃一整条做熟的鱼时,你得尽量小心鱼刺。
1.I saw Bob in the garden. He flowers there.
A.waters B.has watered
C.is watering D.was watering
2.I'm sorry I didn't answer your call because I online.
A.was studying B.studied C.am studying
3.—Did you see Dorothy? She just came back from abroad.
—Yes. But she someone, so I nodded to her and went away.
A.phones B.is phoning
C.was phoning D.has phoned
4.Tom when I called him yesterday.
A.read B.is reading C.was reading
二.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
1.Those foreigners couldn’t stop taking photos while they (visit)the Classical Gardens of Suzhou.
2.I was watching TV while my parents (chat) on WeChat.
3.My brother (do) his homework when I left my house.
4. he (watch) while his mother (cook)?
5.While we (wait) for the bus, a girl (run) up to us.
6.As I (walk) in the park, it (begin) to rain.
7.I (have) my breakfast at half past six yesterday morning.
8.Mrs Green (not wash) clothes at this time yesterday.
9.—Didn’t you see the red light?
—Sorry, sir. I (check) the map and didn’t notice it.
10.—I went to your house after work yesterday but you were not in.
—Oh, I (walk) my dog outside.
三.知识背默
考点1. An emergency is a sudden, serious and dangerous event or situation. 紧急情况是突然的、严重的、危险的事件或情况。教材P107
(1)The in the company has changed a lot recently. 公司的情况最近发生了很大变化。
(2)The economic in the country is improving. 这个国家的经济形势正在好转。
(3) a dangerous situation. one should stay calm. 在危险的处境下,人应该保持冷静。
[解析] situation 名词,意为“情况”,在句中作主语、宾语或表语,
常指特定时期内的总体环境或局势。
under the situation意为“在此情况下”
[拓展] situation作名词,还意为“处境;境遇”,指个人或群体面临的特定环境。
in/ out of a ... situation 意为“处于/脱离...的处境”
考点2. Earthquake makes thousands of people homeless 地震使成千上万的人无家可归 教材P107
(1)The man slept on the street. 这个无家可归的男人睡在大街上。
(2)The earthquake, many families became . 地震后,家庭无家可归。
(3)The homeless in need of our help. 无家可归的人需要我们的帮助。
[解析] homeless 形容词,意为“无家可归的”。
由home加后缀-less构成,在句中作定语或表语。
homeless shelter意为“无家可归者的收容所”
[注意] homeless意为“无家可归的人”这一类群体,作主语时,谓语动词常用复数形式。
考点3.Coach off road and hits tree 冲出路面,撞到树上 教材P107
(1)We took a to the city. 我们乘长途汽车去了那个城市。
(2)The can carry about 50 passengers. 这辆长途汽本大约能载50名乘客。
(3)The football trained the team rigorously. 这位足球教练严格训练队伍。
[解析] coach名词,意为“长途汽车”。
by coach 意为“长途汽车” a coach trip意为“一次长途旅行”
[拓展] coach作名词,还意为“教练”。 a swimming coach意为“一位游泳教练”
考点4.That's terrible! 那太可怕了! 教材P107
(1)There was a earthquake in that area. 那个地区发生了一场可怕的地震。
(2)They experienced such disasters. 他们经历了如此可怕的灾难。
(3)The food at that restaurant was . 那家餐厅的食物很糟糕。
(4)The smell in the room was . 房间里的气味令人作呕。
(5)The experiment went wrong. 这次实验出了大问题。
[解析] terrible 形容词,意为“可怕的”。在句中作定语或表语
a terrible accident意为“可怕事故”
[拓展]
terrible作形容词,还意为“槽糕的;严重的;令人厌恶的”等。
terribly 副词,意为非常,很;非常糟糕地”
考点5.At first, I felt a slight shake. 起初,我感觉到了一阵轻微的晃动。 教材P108
(1)He gave the small tree a . 他摇了摇那棵小树。
(2)The earthquake caused a strong . 地震引发剧烈震动。
(3)She the blanket to remove dust. 她抖掉毯子上的灰尘。
(4)It's polite to others when you meet therm.当你和别人见面时,和他们握手是有礼貌的。
[解析] shake 名词,意为“摇动”,在句中作主语或宾语。 give sb. a shake意为“摇晃某人”
[拓展] shake作动词,意为“摇动;颤抖,颤动” 过去式shook
shake one's head 意为“摇头” shake hands with sb. 意为“与某人握手”
考点6. People shouted in fear. 人们惊恐地大叫。 教材P108
(1)He for help when he was in danger. 他在遇到危险时大声呼教。
(2)The children with excitement. 孩子们兴奋地大喊。
(3)Don't shout the old man. It's impolite. 别对老人大声叫嚷。这不礼貌。
(4)He shouted me from the other side of the street. 他从街对面朝我大声呼喊。
(5)A sudden broke the silence. 突然的喊声打破了寂静。
(1) [解析] shout 动词,意为“呼喊,喊叫”,在句中作谓语。
[辨析] shout at sb.与shout to sb.
shout at sb. 对某人大声叫嚷,带有生气的情绪
shout to sb. 为了让对方听见而大声呼喊,不一定带有负面情绪
[拓展] shout作名词,意为“呼喊,喊叫”。
(2) [解析] fear 名词,意为“恐惧,害怕”。
in fear意为“恐惧地,害怕地”,在句中作状语;
in fear of意为“处于担忧…的状态”。
She showed no fear. 她毫无惧色。
The girl said nothing. She just cried in fear.那个女孩什么也没说。她只是害怕地哭了。
[链接] in order 有序地 in danger 处境危险 in surprise 惊奇地
in need 有需要的 in trouble 在使用中 in use 在使用中
[拓展] fear作动词,意为“害怕;担心”。
She teared that she might be late. 她担心自己可能会迟到。
考点7.Outside. people were running in all directions while pieces of glass and bricks were raining down. 外面,人
们四处奔逃,玻璃碎片和砖块如雨点般落下。教材P108
(1) is important when you are travelling in the desert.当你在沙漠中旅行时,方向很重要。
(2)I try to provide them with and help. 我尽力给他们提供指导和帮助。
(3)You should read the first before you open it.在打开它之前你应该先阅读一下说明。
(4)Could you me to the station? 请问到车站怎么走?
(5)Cecilia prefers to act rather than . 赛莉西娅宁愿当演员,不愿当导演。
(6)She gave me a answer. 她给了我一个直接的答案。
[解析] direction 名词,意为“方向”。
in all directions意为“四处,到处” 相当于in every direction
[拓展]
direction作名词,还意为“指导;指挥;用法说明;指示”
under the direction of 意为“在…的指导下”
direct作动词,意为“管理;指导;导演;为(某人)领路”。
direct作形容词,意为“直接的”。
考点8.It was dark and silent around me. 我周围一片漆黑和寂静。 教材P108
(1)The classroom was when the teacher entered. 老师进来时,教室很安静。
(2)She remained throughout the meeting. 她在整个会议期间都保持沉默。
(3)The in the room was broken by a sudden knock.房间里的寂静被突然的敲门声打破了。
(4)He left the room . 他默默地离开了房间。
[解析] silent 形容词,意为“安静的”,在句中作定语或表语,同义词为quiet.
keep silent 意为“保持沉默;不说话”
be silent about意为“对...保持沉默;不谈及”。
[拓展]
silence 名词,意为“沉默;寂静”。
silently 副词,意为“默默地;安静地”。
考点9.I felt nervous. and my heart was beating really fast. 我感到紧张、心跳得很快。 教材P108
1. [解析] nervous 形容词,意为“焦虑的;胆怯的“,在句中作定语或表语。
feel nervous意为“感到紧张”
be nervous about/of意为“对…感到紧张或焦虑”
be nervous to do sth. 意为“对做某事感到紧张”。
(1)He is nervous the job interview. 他对工作面试感到紧张。
(2)She is nervous speak in public. 她对在公众场合讲话感到紧张。
2. [解析] beat 动词,意为“(使)规律作响或运动” 过去式beat
指心脏、脉搏等的跳动。
(1)I felt my heart faster. 我感觉我的心触跳得更快了。
(2)The heart 70-80 times per minute on average. 心脏平均每分钟疏动70-80次。
(3)The rain on the roof all night. 雨整夜敲打着屋项。
(4)Our team theirs in the final. 我们队在决赛中打败了他们队。
[拓展] beat作动词,还意为“用力般打,打败;战胜”等
[辨析] beat与win.
beat:宾语通常是竞争对手,即人或团队
win:宾语通常是比赛、奖品、荣誉等
We beat them in the basketball game. 我们在篮球比赛中打败了他们。
She won first prize in the competition. 她在比赛中获得了一等奖。
考点10.A moment of fear went through my mind. but I told myself to calm down since I was still alive.我的脑海中掠过一阵恐惧,但我告诉自己要镇定下来,因为我还活着。教材P109
1. [解析] calm 动词,意为“(使)平静,(使)镇静”,后面可直接跟宾语。
(1)The mother tried to the crying baby . 母亲试图让哭闹的婴儿平静下来。
(2)Tell him to calm . There's no need to be so angry.告诉他冷静下来。没必要这么生气。
(3)The sea was that day. 那天海面很平静。
(4)There was a over the city after the storm. 暴风雨过后,城市一片宁静。
calm sb. 意为“使某人平静下来” calm down意为“(使)平静”
[拓展]
calm作形容词,意为“平静的;镇静的;沉着的” keep calm意为“保持镇静”
calm作名词,意为“平静;安静”。
2.[解析] since 连词,意为“因为,既然”,引原因状语从句。
(1) you are here, you can help me. 既然你在这儿,你可以帮我一下。
(2) you are tired, you'd better have a rest. 既然你累了,你最好休息一下。
(3)I haven't seen her she moved to London. 自从她搬去伦款,我再没见过她。
(4)I have lived in this city 2015. 我从2015年起就住在这个城市。
[拓展]
since作连词,还意为“自从...以来”,引导时间状语从句,
强调持续性,主句用现在完成时,从句用一般过去时。
since作介词,意为“从...以来:自从”。
用于指从过去某一特定时间点开始到现在的一段时间。
[辨析] since与because
since:表示双方都知道的原因,或已知的、显然的理由,语气比because弱
because:语气较强,用来回答why引导的问题,强调直接原因,
引导的从句可放在主句前或后
I didn't go to school because I was ill. 我没去上学是因为我病了。
Since you insist. I'll accept the offer. 既然你坚持,我接受提议。
考点11. I cried out in a weak voice. 我用微弱的声音喊道。 教材P109
(1)He said in a low so that others couldn't hear him.他低声说话,这样别人就听不见他的话了。
(2)Her sweet always makes me relaxed. 她甜美的嗓音总是让我感到放松。
(3)Please raise your so they can hear you. 请提高你的嗓门,以便他们能够听到你说话。
(4)There was a loud outside the classroom. The Physics teacher had to raise his , "Light travels much faster than .教室外面一片曹杂。物理老师不得不提高他的嗓音(说):"光的传播速度比声音快得多。"
[解析] voice名词,意为“嗓音,说话声,唱歌声”,在句中作主语、宾语或表语。
in a ... voice 意为“用...的声音” a sweet voice意为“甜美的嗓音”
raise one's voice 意为“提高嗓门;大声说话”
He lost his voice after shouting. 他喊叫后失声了。
[辨析]voice, sound与noise
voice
名词,意为“嗓音”
常指人的嗓音、说话声和歌唱声
sound
名词,意为“声音;响声”
指人、动物或物体发出的声音,即大自然的任何声音
系动词,意为“听起来”
后接形容词作表语
noise
名词,意为“噪声;喧闹声”
常指不悦耳、不和谐的声音
考点12.It was silent around me at first except, the sounds of nature.起初,除了大自然的声音,我周围一片寂静。 教材P111
(1)We work every day Sunday. 除周日外,我们每天工作。
(2)Everyone went to the party Tom. 除了汤姆,每个人都去参加派对了。
(3)No one knew me. 除我外无人知晓。
(4)I have no choice to wait. 我别无选择,只能等待。
[解析] except 介词,意为“除...之外”,相当except for.
[辨析] except与but
except:强调排除,语气较强
but:口语化,多与否定词搭配
考点13. Suddenly. there was a loud noise like thunder as a burning tree fell down in front of me-I was trapped.
突然,随着一声雷鸣般的巨响,一棵燃烧的树倒在我面前-我被困住了。教材P111
(1)The candle is brightly. 蜡烛在明亮地燃烧着。
(2)The dry leaves started to when the match touched them.当火柴碰到干树叶时,它们开始燃烧起来。
(3)He all his old clothes. 他把他所有的旧书都烧了。
(4)Tom has three on his right arm. 汤姆的右臂上有三处烧伤。
[解析] burn 动词,意为“着火”,强调物体处于燃烧的状态。
be burning表示正在着火的状态 start/begin to burn表示开始着火
[拓展]
burn作动还意为“(使)烧毁,烧伤”,过去式burned,后面可直接跟宾语
burn作名词,意为“烧伤;烫伤”
14.They finally put out the fire. 他们最终扑灭了火。 教材P111
(1)Please the campfire before leaving. 离开前请熄灭篝火。
(2)A big fire broke out last night. Luckily, the firemen quickly.昨晚发生了一场大火。幸运的是,消防员迅速扑灭了它。
[解析] put out意为“扑灭,熄灭”,为“动词+副词”结构,后面可直接跟宾语,
若宾语为代词,通常放在put和out之间。
put out a fire 意为“灭火”
考点15.Some people in the neighbourhood were clearing the snow from the streets.街区的一些人正在清除街上的雪。教材P113
(1)Please the dishes from the table. 请把桌上的盘子清理掉。
(2)He a little space on his desk for a cup of coffee.他在书桌上清出了一点空间来放一杯咖啡。
(3)The water in the lake is so that you can see the fish swimming.湖里的水很清激,你可以看到鱼儿在游动。
(4)She explained it . 她解释得很清楚。
[解析] clear动词,意为“清除,清理”,指把不需要的东西移走或去掉,后面可直接跟宾语。
[拓展]
clear作形容词,意为“清晰的;晴朗的;明确的”。
clearly 副词,意为“清楚地”
考点16.policeman (男)警察 教材P114
(1)The caught the thief. 警察抓住了小偷。
(2)A group of were sent to deal with the accident. 一群警察被派去处理这起事故。
[解析] policeman 名词,意为“(男)警察”,复数为policemen,
对应词为policewoman,意为“女警察”。其在句中可作主语、宾语或表语。
[拓展]由man构成的表示人的单词:
fireman消防员 postman邮递员 fisherman渔民;渔夫
businessman商人;企业家 salesman推销员;售货员 doorman门卫;守门人
考点17. ache 疼痛 教材P114
(1)I felt an in my heart. 我感到一阵心痛。
(2)The in my back is getting worse. 我背部的疼痛越来越严重。
(3)My legs from standing all day. 站了一整天,我双腿酸痛。
[解析] ache 名词,意为“疼痛”
[拓展] ache作动词,意为“疼痛”
[链接]英语中表达“身体某部位疼痛”时,常用“身体部位+ache”构成复合词。
head + ache - headache头痛 tooth + ache - toothache牙痛 back +ache - backache背痛
考点18.We will keep reporting on this developing situation.我们将继续报道这一事态发展。教材P115
(1)The journalist the event live. 记者现场报道了该事件。
(2)It is that the CEO will resign. 据报道, CEO将辞职。
(3)I will the accident to the police. 我会向警方报告这起事故。
(4)This is a about the research results. 这是一份关于研究成果的报告。
(5)I want to be a in the future. 将来我想成为一名记者。
[解析] report 动词,意为“报道”,作谓语时后面可直接跟宾语或接介词再跟宾语。
report sth. 意为“报道某事” report on意为“对…进行报道”
It is reported that ... 意为“据报道…”
[拓展]
report作动词,还意为“报告;汇报;传闻;举报”等。
report sth. to sb. 意为“向某人报告某事” report doing sth. 意为“报告做了某事”
report作名词,意为“报告;报道;汇报;传闻”等。
in the report 意为“在报告中” a report on sth. 意为“关于某事的报告”
reporter 名词,意为“记者;通讯员”。
考点19.So far 34 people are dead, including three firemen. 迄今为止,已有34人死亡,其中包括3名消防员。教材P115
(1) , there is no sign of rain. 到目前为止,没有下雨的迹象。
(2)We haven't any problems so far. 到目前为止我们没有任何问题。
(3)So far, I learned five English songs. 到目前为止,我已经学了五首英文歌曲。
[解析] so far意为“迄今为止”,副词短语,常在句中作时间状语,
表示从过去某一时间持续到现在的状况或动作。
其位置较为灵活,可用于句首、句中或句末。
[注意] so far常与现在完成时连用,构成"have/has+过去分词"的结构,
表示从过去某个时间点到现在的情况。
考点20.It is also helpful to place ... around the cars to avoid another accident. 在汽车周围放置...也有助于防止再次发生事故。教材P116
(1)He tried to the traffic jam by taking a different route.他通过走不同的路线来试图进开交通堵塞。
(2)You should avoid the same mistake. 你应避免犯同样的错误。
[解析] avoid 动词,意为“避免,防止” 过去式avoided
avoid sth. 意为“避开某物;避免某事” avoid doing sth.意为“避免做某事”
考点21.First clean the wound. 首先清洗伤口。 教材P117
(1)The in his leg is very deep. 他腿上的伤口很深。
(2)Lily cried because she had a in the arm after playing football.莉莉哭了,因为她,完足球后手臂上有个伤口。
(3)He was in the leg during the war. 他在战争中腿部受伤。
[解析] wound 名词,意为“伤,伤口”,可数名词,在句中作主语、宾语或表语,
a wound in/to ... 意为“在...上的伤口”
[拓展] wound作动词,意为“使受伤;伤害”。 过去式wounded
考点22.Tie a piece of clean cloth round the wound, and press it firmly for 10 to 15 minutes.用一块干净的布把伤口包(绑)起来并用力按压10到15分钟。 教材P117
(1)He the button to start the machine. 他按下按钮启动机器。
(2)He pressed his ear the door to listen. 他把平朵贴在门上听。
(3)He is under a lot of because of his job. 由于工作原因,他承受着很大的压力。
[解析] press 动词,意为“按,压”,作谓语时后面可直接跟宾语。
press sth. against sth. 意为“把某物压在另一物上”
[拓展] pressure 名词,意为“压力”
考点23.The police came to check and warned us to stay away from the beach for a few days.警察过来检查,警告我们这几天远离海滩。教材P117
(1)My mother me not to stay out late. 我妈妈警告我不要在外面待到很晚。
(2)The teacher warned the students the importance of safety. 老师告诫学生们安全的重要性。
(3)The red light is a of danger ahead. 红灯是前方危险的警示。
[解析] warn 动词,意为“警告,告诫”。
warn sb. of / about sth. 意为“警告某人某事”
warn sb. not to do sth. 意为“警告某人不要做某事”
warn against (doing) sth. 意为“警告不要(做)某事”
[拓展] warning 名词,意为“警告,警示”
四.写作背默
本单元话题“自然灾害”,Task写作部分要求描述一个自己经历过或听说过的自然灾害。叙述自然灾害发生的经过。首先我们可以在选择一个话题后直接进入主题,表明灾害发生的时间地点和时间,其次进行详细的描述,在灾害发生时的详细描述,包括正在做什么,听到或看到的事情,以及发生了什么事情。要求文章结构条理清晰,上下文意思连贯,句子之间通顺一致,表达符合语法,开头和结尾的句子要简洁而直接切入正题,突出坐着观点或主旨意思,收尾呼应。尽量使用多种句式,灵活多变。
2.常用短语
(1)An earthquake/A flood/A snowstorm/...happened...
(2)I was doing...when...
(3)...because of...
(4)We could only hear/see...
(5)...kept falling...
(6)Suddenly,...
(7)had to...
(8)...was really terrible.
3.思路点拨
审题
体裁
记叙作文
话题
描述自然灾害
时态
一般过去时
人称
第一人称
段落布局
1. 引出话题:直接写出自然灾害的时间、 地点、 时间
(可用短语:A/An...happened...on...)
二.发生灾害的详细情况:包括正在做什么, 听到/看到什么,以及发生了什么事情
(可用短语:I was doing ...when...,because of...,we should only hear and see,keep falling ,suddenly ,)
三.自然灾害后的情况及感受(可用短语:was really terrible.)
在我们的身边时常会发生一些火灾,所以学会怎样在火灾中保护自己是非常重要的。请以“How to Protect Yourself in a Fire”为题,写一篇不少于80词的短文,已给出部分不计入总词数。
How to Protect Yourself in a Fire
Recently, the fire disaster has been frequently reported on TV. So, our school thinks it is necessary to teach students how to protect ourselves in a fire. And here come the methods.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
地震是一种自然灾害,学会在不同的地方用不同的方法自救非常重要。请结合下面的表格,写一篇80词左右的短文,介绍自救常识。
家
教室
户外
车内
★躲在床或桌子下
★用手臂遮住头和脖子
★躲在课桌下
★……
★逃到空地上
★……
★停在路边
★不要停河边
你的建议
……
An earthquake is a kind of natural disaster. It may lead to serious results and make a lot of people lose their homes or even lives. So it is important for us to know how to keep safe in an earthquake.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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【同步100分背默】Unit8 Safe and sound
一.词句背默
Part 1 Welcome to the unit~Part 2 Reading
重点
单词
Verb动词
1.(使)规律作响或运动;用力敲打__________
2.(使)平静,(使)镇静__________
3. 着火;(使)烧毁,烧伤__________
Noun名词__________
4. 紧急情况__________
5. 情况__________
6. 闪电__________
7. 办公室,办公楼__________
8. 长途汽车__________
9. 道路__________
10. 事故__________
11. 台风__________
12. 状态,情况__________
13. 消防员__________
14. 交通__________
15. 雷声__________
16. 炸弹__________
17. 恐惧,害怕__________
18. 方向__________
19. 砖__________
20. 嗓音,说话声,歌唱声__________
21. 烟__________
Adjective形容词
22. 健康的,无损伤的__________
23. 无家可归的__________
24. 可怕的__________
25. 轻微的__________
26. 安静的__________
27. 焦虑的;胆怯的__________
28. 虚弱的__________
Conjunction连词
29. 是否__________
30. 因为,既然__________
Preposition介词
31. 除……之外__________
多重词性词
32. n. ,vi. & vt. 摇动__________
33. vi. & n.呼喊,呼叫___________
必会
词块
34. 安然无恙__________
35. 恐惧地,害怕地__________
36. 四处,到处__________
37. 暗想;自言自语__________
38.(使)平静__________
39. 扑灭,熄灭__________
常考
句型
40. 雾太浓了,司机们看不见他们前面一米以外的东西。
____________________________________________________________
41. 地震发生时我正在工作。
____________________________________________________________
42. 我什么也看不见,也不知道周围还有没有其他人。
____________________________________________________________
43. 我的脑海中掠过一阵恐惧,但我告诉自己要镇定下来,因为我还活着。
____________________________________________________________
44. 然后我听到了人们激动的叫喊声。
____________________________________________________________
重点单词1.beat 2.calm 3.burn4.emergency 5.situation 6.lightning 7.office8.coach 9.road 10.accident 11.typhoon 12.state 13.fireman 14.traffic 15.thunder 16.bomb17.fear 18.direction 19.brick 20.voice 21.smoke
22.sound 23.homeless 24.terrible 25.slight26.silent 27.nervous 28.weak29.if 30.since31.except32.shake 33.shout
必会词块34.safe and sound 35.in fear 36.in all directions37.say to oneself 38.calm down 39.put out
常考句型
40.The fog was so thick that drivers couldn't see more than a metre in front of them.
41.I was working when the earthquake started.
42.I couldn't see anything at all, and I didn't know if anyone else was around me.
43.A moment of fear went through my mind, but I told myself to calm down since I was still alive.
44.Then I heard shouts from excited people.
Part 3 Grammar & Word power~ Part 4 Integration
重点
单词
Verb动词
1. 猜测,估计__________
2. 清除,清理__________
3. 避免,防止__________
4. 流血,失血__________
5. 按;压__________
6. 警告,告诫__________
7. 消失__________
Noun名词
8.(常指带檐的)帽子__________
9.(男)警察__________
10. 邮递员__________
11. 机场__________
12. 护照__________
13. 山林大火__________
14. 标牌,指示牌__________
15. 伤,伤口__________
16. 海啸,潮汐波__________
Adverb副词
17. 大量地__________
Preposition介词
18. 包括……在内__________
多重词性词
19. n. & vi.疼痛__________
20.vi. & vt. & n.报道;汇报;传闻_________
必会
词块
21. 继续做某事__________
22. 数以百万计的__________
23. 迄今为止__________
24. 接近__________
25. 找到一个安全的地方__________
26. 使…… 免于……;防止……遭受……____________
27. 立刻__________
28. 从……逃离;逃避__________
常考
句型
29. 星期六早上我起床时,正下着大雪。
____________________________________________________________
30. 猜猜我做了什么?
____________________________________________________________
31. 在寒冷的日子里吃热饺子真舒服!
____________________________________________________________
32. 用一块湿布捂住口鼻。
____________________________________________________________
33. 你有没有想过如何在自然灾害和紧急情况下保持安全?
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
34. 海啸过后,警察检查了每个人是否都安全,并警告我们几天内要远离海滩。
____________________________________________________________
重点单词1.guess 2.clear 3.avoid 4.bleed 5.press 6.warn7.disappear8.hat 9.policeman 10.postman 11.airport
12.passport 13.bush fire 14.sign 15.wound16.tidal wave17.heavily18.including19.ache 20.report
必会词块21.continue to do sth. 22.millions of 23.so far24.get close to 25.find a safe place26.protect...from... 27.right away 28.run away from
常考句型
29. When I got up on Saturday morning, it was snowing heavily.
30.Guess what I did?
31.It was so nice to have hot jiaozi on a cold day!
32.Cover your mouth and nose with a wet piece of cloth.
33.Have you ever thought about how to stay safe in natural disasters and emergencies?
34.After the tidal wave passed, the police checked to see if everyone was OK and warned us to stay away from the beach for a few days.
二.语法背默
过去进行时
一. 过去进行时的构成
句式
结构
例句
肯定句
主语+was/were+v.-ing+其他.
I was cleaning the windows at that time.那时我正在擦窗户。
否定句
主语+wasn't/weren't+ v.-ing +其他.
They weren't having an English class at eight yesterday morning.昨天上午八点他们没有在上英语课。
一般疑问句
及其回答
Was/Were+主语+ v.-ing +其他?
肯定回答:Yes, 主语+was/were.
否定回答:No, 主语+wasn't/weren't.
—Were you drawing all day yesterday?昨天一整天你都在画画吗?
—Yes, I was./No, I wasn't.是的,我一直在画。/不是,我没有一直在画。
特殊疑问句
特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+ v.-ing+其他?
What were you doing at 9 a.m. the day before yesterday?前天上午九点你在做什么?
二. 过去进行时的用法
(1)过去进行时表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作,此时句中往往有表示过去的时间状语at that moment、 at that/this time yesterday、 at nine o'clock last night等。
We were having dinner then.那时我们正在吃晚饭。
What were you doing at this time last night? 昨天晚上这个时候你正在做什么?
(2)过去进行时也可用来表示过去某一阶段一直在进行的动作,此时常与those days、 the whole morning、 all day yesterday、 "from+时间点+to+时间点+last night"等时间状语连用。有时没有明显的时间状语,需要根据语境判断。
I was writing a novel on the computer from seven to nine last night.昨天晚上七点到九点我一直在电脑上写小说。
We were writing our reports those days.那些天我们一直在写报告。
(3)过去进行时表示过去某个时间将要做某事,只有come、 go、 leave、 arrive 等动词有这种用法。
He said he was coming in ten minutes.他说他十分钟后来。
注意有些动词通常不用于进行时,主要有:
(1)表示心理状态、情感的动词,如love、 hate、 like、 know等。
(2)部分连系动词,如seem、 appear等。
(3)感官动词,如see、 hear、 feel、 smell、 sound、 taste 等。
(4)短暂性动词,如decide、 stop等。
when、 while 和as的用法
连词
用法
例句
when
意为"当……时"。
①从句既可表示在某一时间点发生的事,也可表示某一段时间发生的事。
②主从句动作可以同时发生,也可以先后发生。
③从句谓语动词可以是瞬间性的,也可以是延续性的。
He was watching TV when I went to see him. 当我去看他时,他正在看电视。
When the weather is fine, many people go out for a walk.天气好时,很多人都出去散步。
while
意为"当……时,在……期间"。
①主句动作发生在从句动作进行的过程中或主句的动作与从句的动作同时发生。
②从句谓语动词应用延续性动词。
While I was cooking, the telephone rang. 我正在做饭时,电话响了。
While I was doing my homework, my brother was drawing. 当我正在做家庭作业时,我弟弟在画画。
as
意为"当……时;随着……;一边……,一边……"。
①表示主句和从句动作同时发生。
②也可以强调两个动作相伴发生。
③从句谓语动词可以是瞬间性的,也可以是延续性的。
As we were going out, it began to rain.当我们出门时,开始下雨了。
As years go by,China is getting richer and stronger.随着时间一年年过去,中国变得越来越富强了。
The little girls sang as they played.小姑娘们一边玩,一边唱。
注意(1) while还可作"而,然而" 讲,表示对比。
I like playing football while my brother likes playing basketball.我喜欢踢足球,而我的哥哥喜欢打篮球。
(2)在含有when/while引导的时间状语从句的复合句中,当主句和从句的主语一致,并且从句谓语含有be动词时,可以省略从句中的主语和be动词。
When/While (she is) in trouble, she always asks me for help.她遇到困难时总是向我求助。
While/When(you are) eating a whole cooked fish, you can't be too careful with fish bones.吃一整条做熟的鱼时,你得尽量小心鱼刺。
1.I saw Bob in the garden. He flowers there.
A.waters B.has watered
C.is watering D.was watering
答案 D 本题考查过去进行时。根据语境可知,我看见Bob的时候,他正在浇花,应用进行时;由前句谓语动词saw可知,发生在过去,应用过去进行时。故答案为D。
2.I'm sorry I didn't answer your call because I online.
A.was studying B.studied C.am studying
答案 A 考查时态。根据语境分析和从句中的didn't可知,(当时)没接到电话,是因为(那时)正在线上学习,应用过去进行时。故选A。
3.—Did you see Dorothy? She just came back from abroad.
—Yes. But she someone, so I nodded to her and went away.
A.phones B.is phoning
C.was phoning D.has phoned
答案 C 本题考查过去进行时。由“so I nodded to her and went away”可知,那时候Dorothy正在打电话,应用进行时。由谓语动词“nodded”可知,这件事发生在过去,应用过去进行时。故答案为C。
4.Tom when I called him yesterday.
A.read B.is reading C.was reading
答案 C 本题考查时态。句意:我昨天给汤姆打电话时,他正在读书。根据yesterday可知用过去时,“我”打电话给汤姆时他正在读书,故应用过去进行时。
二.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
1.Those foreigners couldn’t stop taking photos while they (visit)the Classical Gardens of Suzhou.
2.I was watching TV while my parents (chat) on WeChat.
3.My brother (do) his homework when I left my house.
4. he (watch) while his mother (cook)?
5.While we (wait) for the bus, a girl (run) up to us.
6.As I (walk) in the park, it (begin) to rain.
7.I (have) my breakfast at half past six yesterday morning.
8.Mrs Green (not wash) clothes at this time yesterday.
9.—Didn’t you see the red light?
—Sorry, sir. I (check) the map and didn’t notice it.
10.—I went to your house after work yesterday but you were not in.
—Oh, I (walk) my dog outside.
1.were visiting 2.were chatting 3.was doing 4.Was;watching;was cooking 5.were waiting;ran
6.was walking;began 7.was having 8.wasn’t washing 9.was checking 10.was walking
三.知识背默
考点1. An emergency is a sudden, serious and dangerous event or situation. 紧急情况是突然的、严重的、危险的事件或情况。教材P107
(1)The situation in the company has changed a lot recently. 公司的情况最近发生了很大变化。
(2)The economic situation in the country is improving. 这个国家的经济形势正在好转。
(3)In a dangerous situation. one should stay calm. 在危险的处境下,人应该保持冷静。
[解析] situation 名词,意为“情况”,在句中作主语、宾语或表语,
常指特定时期内的总体环境或局势。
under the situation意为“在此情况下”
[拓展] situation作名词,还意为“处境;境遇”,指个人或群体面临的特定环境。
in/ out of a ... situation 意为“处于/脱离...的处境”
考点2. Earthquake makes thousands of people homeless 地震使成千上万的人无家可归 教材P107
(1)The homeless man slept on the street. 这个无家可归的男人睡在大街上。
(2)The earthquake, many families became homeless. 地震后,家庭无家可归。
(3)The homeless are in need of our help. 无家可归的人需要我们的帮助。
[解析] homeless 形容词,意为“无家可归的”。
由home加后缀-less构成,在句中作定语或表语。
homeless shelter意为“无家可归者的收容所”
[注意] homeless意为“无家可归的人”这一类群体,作主语时,谓语动词常用复数形式。
考点3.Coach off road and hits tree 冲出路面,撞到树上 教材P107
(1)We took a coach to the city. 我们乘长途汽车去了那个城市。
(2)The coach can carry about 50 passengers. 这辆长途汽本大约能载50名乘客。
(3)The football coach trained the team rigorously. 这位足球教练严格训练队伍。
[解析] coach名词,意为“长途汽车”。
by coach 意为“长途汽车” a coach trip意为“一次长途旅行”
[拓展] coach作名词,还意为“教练”。 a swimming coach意为“一位游泳教练”
考点4.That's terrible! 那太可怕了! 教材P107
(1)There was a terrible earthquake in that area. 那个地区发生了一场可怕的地震。
(2)They experienced such terrible disasters. 他们经历了如此可怕的灾难。
(3)The food at that restaurant was terrible. 那家餐厅的食物很糟糕。
(4)The smell in the room was terrible. 房间里的气味令人作呕。
(5)The experiment went terribly wrong. 这次实验出了大问题。
[解析] terrible 形容词,意为“可怕的”。在句中作定语或表语
a terrible accident意为“可怕事故”
[拓展]
terrible作形容词,还意为“槽糕的;严重的;令人厌恶的”等。
terribly 副词,意为非常,很;非常糟糕地”
考点5.At first, I felt a slight shake. 起初,我感觉到了一阵轻微的晃动。 教材P108
(1)He gave the small tree a shake. 他摇了摇那棵小树。
(2)The earthquake caused a strong shake. 地震引发剧烈震动。
(3)She shook the blanket to remove dust. 她抖掉毯子上的灰尘。
(4)It's polite to shake hands with others when you meet therm.当你和别人见面时,和他们握手是有礼貌的。
[解析] shake 名词,意为“摇动”,在句中作主语或宾语。 give sb. a shake意为“摇晃某人”
[拓展] shake作动词,意为“摇动;颤抖,颤动” 过去式shook
shake one's head 意为“摇头” shake hands with sb. 意为“与某人握手”
考点6. People shouted in fear. 人们惊恐地大叫。 教材P108
(1)He shouted for help when he was in danger. 他在遇到危险时大声呼教。
(2)The children shouted with excitement. 孩子们兴奋地大喊。
(3)Don't shout at the old man. It's impolite. 别对老人大声叫嚷。这不礼貌。
(4)He shouted to me from the other side of the street. 他从街对面朝我大声呼喊。
(5)A sudden shout broke the silence. 突然的喊声打破了寂静。
(1) [解析] shout 动词,意为“呼喊,喊叫”,在句中作谓语。
[辨析] shout at sb.与shout to sb.
shout at sb. 对某人大声叫嚷,带有生气的情绪
shout to sb. 为了让对方听见而大声呼喊,不一定带有负面情绪
[拓展] shout作名词,意为“呼喊,喊叫”。
(2) [解析] fear 名词,意为“恐惧,害怕”。
in fear意为“恐惧地,害怕地”,在句中作状语;
in fear of意为“处于担忧…的状态”。
She showed no fear. 她毫无惧色。
The girl said nothing. She just cried in fear.那个女孩什么也没说。她只是害怕地哭了。
[链接] in order 有序地 in danger 处境危险 in surprise 惊奇地
in need 有需要的 in trouble 在使用中 in use 在使用中
[拓展] fear作动词,意为“害怕;担心”。
She teared that she might be late. 她担心自己可能会迟到。
考点7.Outside. people were running in all directions while pieces of glass and bricks were raining down. 外面,人
们四处奔逃,玻璃碎片和砖块如雨点般落下。教材P108
(1)Direction is important when you are travelling in the desert.当你在沙漠中旅行时,方向很重要。
(2)I try to provide them with direction and help. 我尽力给他们提供指导和帮助。
(3)You should read the directions first before you open it.在打开它之前你应该先阅读一下说明。
(4)Could you direct me to the station? 请问到车站怎么走?
(5)Cecilia prefers to act rather than direct. 赛莉西娅宁愿当演员,不愿当导演。
(6)She gave me a direct answer. 她给了我一个直接的答案。
[解析] direction 名词,意为“方向”。
in all directions意为“四处,到处” 相当于in every direction
[拓展]
direction作名词,还意为“指导;指挥;用法说明;指示”
under the direction of 意为“在…的指导下”
direct作动词,意为“管理;指导;导演;为(某人)领路”。
direct作形容词,意为“直接的”。
考点8.It was dark and silent around me. 我周围一片漆黑和寂静。 教材P108
(1)The classroom was silent when the teacher entered. 老师进来时,教室很安静。
(2)She remained silent throughout the meeting. 她在整个会议期间都保持沉默。
(3)The silence in the room was broken by a sudden knock.房间里的寂静被突然的敲门声打破了。
(4)He left the room silently. 他默默地离开了房间。
[解析] silent 形容词,意为“安静的”,在句中作定语或表语,同义词为quiet.
keep silent 意为“保持沉默;不说话”
be silent about意为“对...保持沉默;不谈及”。
[拓展]
silence 名词,意为“沉默;寂静”。
silently 副词,意为“默默地;安静地”。
考点9.I felt nervous. and my heart was beating really fast. 我感到紧张、心跳得很快。 教材P108
1. [解析] nervous 形容词,意为“焦虑的;胆怯的“,在句中作定语或表语。
feel nervous意为“感到紧张”
be nervous about/of意为“对…感到紧张或焦虑”
be nervous to do sth. 意为“对做某事感到紧张”。
(1)He is nervous about the job interview. 他对工作面试感到紧张。
(2)She is nervous to speak in public. 她对在公众场合讲话感到紧张。
2. [解析] beat 动词,意为“(使)规律作响或运动” 过去式beat
指心脏、脉搏等的跳动。
(1)I felt my heart beating faster. 我感觉我的心触跳得更快了。
(2)The heart beats 70-80 times per minute on average. 心脏平均每分钟疏动70-80次。
(3)The rain beat on the roof all night. 雨整夜敲打着屋项。
(4)Our team beat theirs in the final. 我们队在决赛中打败了他们队。
[拓展] beat作动词,还意为“用力般打,打败;战胜”等
[辨析] beat与win.
beat:宾语通常是竞争对手,即人或团队
win:宾语通常是比赛、奖品、荣誉等
We beat them in the basketball game. 我们在篮球比赛中打败了他们。
She won first prize in the competition. 她在比赛中获得了一等奖。
考点10.A moment of fear went through my mind. but I told myself to calm down since I was still alive.我的脑海中掠过一阵恐惧,但我告诉自己要镇定下来,因为我还活着。教材P109
1. [解析] calm 动词,意为“(使)平静,(使)镇静”,后面可直接跟宾语。
(1)The mother tried to calm the crying baby . 母亲试图让哭闹的婴儿平静下来。
(2)Tell him to calm down. There's no need to be so angry.告诉他冷静下来。没必要这么生气。
(3)The sea was calm that day. 那天海面很平静。
(4)There was a calm over the city after the storm. 暴风雨过后,城市一片宁静。
calm sb. 意为“使某人平静下来” calm down意为“(使)平静”
[拓展]
calm作形容词,意为“平静的;镇静的;沉着的” keep calm意为“保持镇静”
calm作名词,意为“平静;安静”。
2.[解析] since 连词,意为“因为,既然”,引原因状语从句。
(1)Since you are here, you can help me. 既然你在这儿,你可以帮我一下。
(2)Since you are tired, you'd better have a rest. 既然你累了,你最好休息一下。
(3)I haven't seen her since she moved to London. 自从她搬去伦款,我再没见过她。
(4)I have lived in this city since 2015. 我从2015年起就住在这个城市。
[拓展]
since作连词,还意为“自从...以来”,引导时间状语从句,
强调持续性,主句用现在完成时,从句用一般过去时。
since作介词,意为“从...以来:自从”。
用于指从过去某一特定时间点开始到现在的一段时间。
[辨析] since与because
since:表示双方都知道的原因,或已知的、显然的理由,语气比because弱
because:语气较强,用来回答why引导的问题,强调直接原因,
引导的从句可放在主句前或后
I didn't go to school because I was ill. 我没去上学是因为我病了。
Since you insist. I'll accept the offer. 既然你坚持,我接受提议。
考点11. I cried out in a weak voice. 我用微弱的声音喊道。 教材P109
(1)He said in a low voice so that others couldn't hear him.他低声说话,这样别人就听不见他的话了。
(2)Her sweet voice always makes me relaxed. 她甜美的嗓音总是让我感到放松。
(3)Please raise your voice so they can hear you. 请提高你的嗓门,以便他们能够听到你说话。
(4)There was a loud noise outside the classroom. The Physics teacher had to raise his voice, "Light travels much faster than sound.教室外面一片曹杂。物理老师不得不提高他的嗓音(说):"光的传播速度比声音快得多。"
[解析] voice名词,意为“嗓音,说话声,唱歌声”,在句中作主语、宾语或表语。
in a ... voice 意为“用...的声音” a sweet voice意为“甜美的嗓音”
raise one's voice 意为“提高嗓门;大声说话”
He lost his voice after shouting. 他喊叫后失声了。
[辨析]voice, sound与noise
voice
名词,意为“嗓音”
常指人的嗓音、说话声和歌唱声
sound
名词,意为“声音;响声”
指人、动物或物体发出的声音,即大自然的任何声音
系动词,意为“听起来”
后接形容词作表语
noise
名词,意为“噪声;喧闹声”
常指不悦耳、不和谐的声音
考点12.It was silent around me at first except, the sounds of nature.起初,除了大自然的声音,我周围一片寂静。 教材P111
(1)We work every day except Sunday. 除周日外,我们每天工作。
(2)Everyone went to the party except Tom. 除了汤姆,每个人都去参加派对了。
(3)No one knew except me. 除我外无人知晓。
(4)I have no choice but to wait. 我别无选择,只能等待。
[解析] except 介词,意为“除...之外”,相当except for.
[辨析] except与but
except:强调排除,语气较强
but:口语化,多与否定词搭配
考点13. Suddenly. there was a loud noise like thunder as a burning tree fell down in front of me-I was trapped.
突然,随着一声雷鸣般的巨响,一棵燃烧的树倒在我面前-我被困住了。教材P111
(1)The candle is burning brightly. 蜡烛在明亮地燃烧着。
(2)The dry leaves started to burn when the match touched them.当火柴碰到干树叶时,它们开始燃烧起来。
(3)He burned all his old clothes. 他把他所有的旧书都烧了。
(4)Tom has three burn on his right arm. 汤姆的右臂上有三处烧伤。
[解析] burn 动词,意为“着火”,强调物体处于燃烧的状态。
be burning表示正在着火的状态 start/begin to burn表示开始着火
[拓展]
burn作动还意为“(使)烧毁,烧伤”,过去式burned,后面可直接跟宾语
burn作名词,意为“烧伤;烫伤”
14.They finally put out the fire. 他们最终扑灭了火。 教材P111
(1)Please put out the campfire before leaving. 离开前请熄灭篝火。
(2)A big fire broke out last night. Luckily, the firemen put it out quickly.昨晚发生了一场大火。幸运的是,消防员迅速扑灭了它。
[解析] put out意为“扑灭,熄灭”,为“动词+副词”结构,后面可直接跟宾语,
若宾语为代词,通常放在put和out之间。
put out a fire 意为“灭火”
考点15.Some people in the neighbourhood were clearing the snow from the streets.街区的一些人正在清除街上的雪。教材P113
(1)Please clear the dishes from the table. 请把桌上的盘子清理掉。
(2)He cleared a little space on his desk for a cup of coffee.他在书桌上清出了一点空间来放一杯咖啡。
(3)The water in the lake is so clear that you can see the fish swimming.湖里的水很清激,你可以看到鱼儿在游动。
(4)She explained it clearly. 她解释得很清楚。
[解析] clear动词,意为“清除,清理”,指把不需要的东西移走或去掉,后面可直接跟宾语。
[拓展]
clear作形容词,意为“清晰的;晴朗的;明确的”。
clearly 副词,意为“清楚地”
考点16.policeman (男)警察 教材P114
(1)The policeman caught the thief. 警察抓住了小偷。
(2)A group of policemen were sent to deal with the accident. 一群警察被派去处理这起事故。
[解析] policeman 名词,意为“(男)警察”,复数为policemen,
对应词为policewoman,意为“女警察”。其在句中可作主语、宾语或表语。
[拓展]由man构成的表示人的单词:
fireman消防员 postman邮递员 fisherman渔民;渔夫
businessman商人;企业家 salesman推销员;售货员 doorman门卫;守门人
考点17. ache 疼痛 教材P114
(1)I felt an ache in my heart. 我感到一阵心痛。
(2)The ache in my back is getting worse. 我背部的疼痛越来越严重。
(3)My legs ache from standing all day. 站了一整天,我双腿酸痛。
[解析] ache 名词,意为“疼痛”
[拓展] ache作动词,意为“疼痛”
[链接]英语中表达“身体某部位疼痛”时,常用“身体部位+ache”构成复合词。
head + ache - headache头痛 tooth + ache - toothache牙痛 back +ache - backache背痛
考点18.We will keep reporting on this developing situation.我们将继续报道这一事态发展。教材P115
(1)The journalist reported the event live. 记者现场报道了该事件。
(2)It is reported that the CEO will resign. 据报道, CEO将辞职。
(3)I will report the accident to the police. 我会向警方报告这起事故。
(4)This is a report about the research results. 这是一份关于研究成果的报告。
(5)I want to be a reporter in the future. 将来我想成为一名记者。
[解析] report 动词,意为“报道”,作谓语时后面可直接跟宾语或接介词再跟宾语。
report sth. 意为“报道某事” report on意为“对…进行报道”
It is reported that ... 意为“据报道…”
[拓展]
report作动词,还意为“报告;汇报;传闻;举报”等。
report sth. to sb. 意为“向某人报告某事” report doing sth. 意为“报告做了某事”
report作名词,意为“报告;报道;汇报;传闻”等。
in the report 意为“在报告中” a report on sth. 意为“关于某事的报告”
reporter 名词,意为“记者;通讯员”。
考点19.So far 34 people are dead, including three firemen. 迄今为止,已有34人死亡,其中包括3名消防员。教材P115
(1)So far, there is no sign of rain. 到目前为止,没有下雨的迹象。
(2)We haven't had any problems so far. 到目前为止我们没有任何问题。
(3)So far, I have learned five English songs. 到目前为止,我已经学了五首英文歌曲。
[解析] so far意为“迄今为止”,副词短语,常在句中作时间状语,
表示从过去某一时间持续到现在的状况或动作。
其位置较为灵活,可用于句首、句中或句末。
[注意] so far常与现在完成时连用,构成"have/has+过去分词"的结构,
表示从过去某个时间点到现在的情况。
考点20.It is also helpful to place ... around the cars to avoid another accident. 在汽车周围放置...也有助于防止再次发生事故。教材P116
(1)He tried to avoid the traffic jam by taking a different route.他通过走不同的路线来试图进开交通堵塞。
(2)You should avoid making the same mistake. 你应避免犯同样的错误。
[解析] avoid 动词,意为“避免,防止” 过去式avoided
avoid sth. 意为“避开某物;避免某事” avoid doing sth.意为“避免做某事”
考点21.First clean the wound. 首先清洗伤口。 教材P117
(1)The wound in his leg is very deep. 他腿上的伤口很深。
(2)Lily cried because she had a wound in the arm after playing football.莉莉哭了,因为她,完足球后手臂上有个伤口。
(3)He was wounded in the leg during the war. 他在战争中腿部受伤。
[解析] wound 名词,意为“伤,伤口”,可数名词,在句中作主语、宾语或表语,
a wound in/to ... 意为“在...上的伤口”
[拓展] wound作动词,意为“使受伤;伤害”。 过去式wounded
考点22.Tie a piece of clean cloth round the wound, and press it firmly for 10 to 15 minutes.用一块干净的布把伤口包(绑)起来并用力按压10到15分钟。 教材P117
(1)He pressed the button to start the machine. 他按下按钮启动机器。
(2)He pressed his ear against the door to listen. 他把平朵贴在门上听。
(3)He is under a lot of pressure because of his job. 由于工作原因,他承受着很大的压力。
[解析] press 动词,意为“按,压”,作谓语时后面可直接跟宾语。
press sth. against sth. 意为“把某物压在另一物上”
[拓展] pressure 名词,意为“压力”
考点23.The police came to check and warned us to stay away from the beach for a few days.警察过来检查,警告我们这几天远离海滩。教材P117
(1)My mother warned me not to stay out late. 我妈妈警告我不要在外面待到很晚。
(2)The teacher warned the students of the importance of safety. 老师告诫学生们安全的重要性。
(3)The red light is a warning of danger ahead. 红灯是前方危险的警示。
[解析] warn 动词,意为“警告,告诫”。
warn sb. of / about sth. 意为“警告某人某事”
warn sb. not to do sth. 意为“警告某人不要做某事”
warn against (doing) sth. 意为“警告不要(做)某事”
[拓展] warning 名词,意为“警告,警示”
四.写作背默
本单元话题“自然灾害”,Task写作部分要求描述一个自己经历过或听说过的自然灾害。叙述自然灾害发生的经过。首先我们可以在选择一个话题后直接进入主题,表明灾害发生的时间地点和时间,其次进行详细的描述,在灾害发生时的详细描述,包括正在做什么,听到或看到的事情,以及发生了什么事情。要求文章结构条理清晰,上下文意思连贯,句子之间通顺一致,表达符合语法,开头和结尾的句子要简洁而直接切入正题,突出坐着观点或主旨意思,收尾呼应。尽量使用多种句式,灵活多变。
2.常用短语
(1)An earthquake/A flood/A snowstorm/...happened...
(2)I was doing...when...
(3)...because of...
(4)We could only hear/see...
(5)...kept falling...
(6)Suddenly,...
(7)had to...
(8)...was really terrible.
3.思路点拨
审题
体裁
记叙作文
话题
描述自然灾害
时态
一般过去时
人称
第一人称
段落布局
1. 引出话题:直接写出自然灾害的时间、 地点、 时间
(可用短语:A/An...happened...on...)
二.发生灾害的详细情况:包括正在做什么, 听到/看到什么,以及发生了什么事情
(可用短语:I was doing ...when...,because of...,we should only hear and see,keep falling ,suddenly ,)
三.自然灾害后的情况及感受(可用短语:was really terrible.)
在我们的身边时常会发生一些火灾,所以学会怎样在火灾中保护自己是非常重要的。请以“How to Protect Yourself in a Fire”为题,写一篇不少于80词的短文,已给出部分不计入总词数。
How to Protect Yourself in a Fire
Recently, the fire disaster has been frequently reported on TV. So, our school thinks it is necessary to teach students how to protect ourselves in a fire. And here come the methods.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文
How to Protect Yourself in a Fire
Recently, the fire disaster has been frequently reported on TV. So, our school thinks it is necessary to teach us how to protect ourselves in a fire. And here come the methods.
First, we should keep calm. It is very important to keep our heads clear. Second, we should try our best to get out there. Third, we should turn off the gas and lights. Fourth, we should cover our nose with a wet cloth. Fifth, remember not to jump off a window or take the lift. Sixth, we can also call 119 for help. Finally, we should cut off the electricity in the house in case we could get hurt by it.
These are our school’s methods. I think these methods are very useful to us.
【详解】[总体分析]
① 题材:本文是一篇话题作文;
② 时态:时态主要为“一般现在时”;
③ 提示:写作要点已给出,适当增加细节,并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步,引出话题,说明学校认为有必要教学生在火灾中保护自己,然后引出要介绍的方法;
第二步,详细阐述在火灾中保护自己的具体方法,条理清晰地罗列了保持冷静、尽力逃生、关闭燃气和灯光、用湿布捂鼻、不跳窗或乘电梯、拨打119求助、切断屋内电源等方法;
第三步,总结文章,表明这些是学校的方法,并且自己认为这些方法很有用。
[亮点词汇]
① protect ourselves 自我保护
② with a wet cloth 用一块湿布
③ cut off the electricity 切断电源
[高分句型]
① Fourth, we should cover our nose with a wet cloth.(介词短语作方式状语)
② Finally, we should cut off the electricity in the house in case we could get hurt by it.(“in case”引导的目的状语从句)
地震是一种自然灾害,学会在不同的地方用不同的方法自救非常重要。请结合下面的表格,写一篇80词左右的短文,介绍自救常识。
家
教室
户外
车内
★躲在床或桌子下
★用手臂遮住头和脖子
★躲在课桌下
★……
★逃到空地上
★……
★停在路边
★不要停河边
你的建议
……
An earthquake is a kind of natural disaster. It may lead to serious results and make a lot of people lose their homes or even lives. So it is important for us to know how to keep safe in an earthquake.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】参考范文
An earthquake is a kind of natural disaster. It may lead to serious results and make a lot of people lose their homes or even lives. So it is important for us to know how to keep safe in an earthquake.
If you are at home, it is safe to hide under the bed or strong tables. Cover your head and neck with your arms. If you are in a classroom, stay under the desk. After the shake stops, you can run outside as soon as possible. When you are outside, you should quickly run to an open space. Stay away from buildings or trees. When you are driving, stop it by the road at once. Don’t stop your car near a river.
Remember to keep calm and try to protect yourself when an earthquake starts.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材:本文是一篇材料作文;
②时态:时态为“一般现在时”;
③提示:写作要点已给出,考生应注意不要遗漏“信息提示”中的所有要求,适当添加细节,并突出写作要点。
[写作步骤]
第一步,表明写作意图,借用“如何在地震中保持安全对我们来说很重要”来展开;
第二步,详细介绍在不同的地方用不同的方法自救;
第三步,书写结语。
[亮点词汇]
①lead to导致
②as soon as possible尽可能快
③stay away from远离
④keep calm保持冷静
⑤try to do sth.尽力做某事
[高级句型]
①So it is important for us to know how to keep safe in an earthquake.(句型it is+形容词+for sb.+to do sth.)
②When you are outside, you should quickly run to an open space.(when引导的时间状语从句)
7 / 10
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