精品解析：安徽省大联考2025-2026学年高二上学期十月调研考试英语试题

高二年级十月调研考试 英语 考生注意： 1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将考生号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有2分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. Where are the speakers? A. In a restaurant. B. In a hotel. C. In a school. 2. Why does the man refuse the woman’s invitation? A. He needs to rest. B. He has to work overtime. C. He will go out. 3. What will the speakers buy? A. Coffee. B. Water. C. Iced tea. 4. What does the man mean? A. He won’t invite Susan. B. He doesn’t know Susan. C. Susan doesn’t have time. 5. What does the woman plan to do tonight? A. Go to the cinema. B. Eat out with a friend. C. Watch TV at home. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Why did the woman move? A. To live in a bigger house. B. To be closer to her office. C. To find some nice neighbors. 7. How does the woman often go to work now? A. On foot. B. By car. C. By bus. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What’s the matter with Sylvia? A. She can’t get along well with her classmates. B. She isn’t able to concentrate on her homework. C She doesn’t know how to do well in her classes. 9. What suggestion does the man give to Sylvia? A. Asking more questions if possible. B. Turning to her private teacher. C. Finding someone to study with. 10. How does the man sound? A. Encouraging. B. Upset. C. Humorous. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. When is Carrie’s birthday? A. Next Monday. B. Next Tuesday. C. Next Sunday. 12. What will the speakers buy for Carrie? A. A dress. B. A bag. C. A doll. 13. Why do the speakers stop shopping online? A. The computer has broken down. B. The goods are very expensive. C. They are not satisfied with the color. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14 What does the woman talk to the man for? A. Applying for a job. B. Doing a survey. C. Asking for advice. 15. What advantage does the man say about working in the hotel? A. Having some free time. B. Getting useful experience. C. Earning much more money. 16. What will the woman probably do? A. Take the job in the hotel. B. Find a job in the school. C. Keep the job in the store. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. When did Elizabeth move to New York? A. In 1821. B. In 1832. C. In 1857. 18. How did Elizabeth make money for her study? A. By giving English lessons. B. By working as a music teacher. C. By teaching at a medical school. 19. What happened to Elizabeth in 1849? A. She left Paris. B. She was accepted as a doctor. C. She graduated from medical school. 20. What was one of Elizabeth’s contributions? A. She fought hard for women’s rights. B. She set up the first hospital in the world. C. She helped to train many women doctors. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Public Speaking Classes & Camps for High School Students Over the course of the program, students will take three main courses: Debate (辩论), Persuasive Speaking, and Electives (选修课). Debate Students will learn to build strong arguments, fight back against others’ points, and question each other well. They will also talk about different topics right for their age and experience, form teams, and compete against their co-campers. Persuasive Speaking This useful activity teaches students to create and deliver convincing speeches. The focus is on speaking in a natural voice, without referring to notes, rather than writing an essay (文章) and just reading it out loud. All students end the week by presenting a speech in front of a large group of fellow campers. Electives In the evenings, students will get to choose from at least two of the below elective speaking activities. ·Model Congress: This event provides an introduction to diplomatic (外交的) speaking. Students role-play as members of Congress to try the most exciting part of the political process! ·Negotiations: The activity stresses public speaking as a business and personal tool. Students will role-play situations in which their abilities to compromise (妥协) and persuade others are developed. ·Reader’s Theater: In this fun and popular event, students will write and perform a short play. ·Improvisational Speaking: This type of speaking requires students to think on their feet to deliver speeches with little or no preparation time. Fun and challenging topics are chosen, often with funny results! 1. What can students do in the Debate course? A. Give a role-play performance. B. Talk about any topics they like. C. Learn how to argue effectively. D. Attend lectures given by famous debaters. 2. What is the main part of the Persuasive Speaking course? A. Learning to speak naturally with no notes. B. Choosing funny topics for speech practices. C. Memorizing long speeches for competitions. D. Reading formal essays out with strong emotions. 3. Which elective helps students practice business skills? A. Model Congress. B. Reader’s Theater. C. Improvisational Speaking. D. Negotiations. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍面向高中生的公共演讲课程与夏令营，包含辩论、说服性演讲及四门选修课的核心内容。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Debate”部分中的“Students will learn to build strong arguments, fight back against others’ points, and question each other well.(学生将学习构建有力的论点、反驳他人观点，并善于提出质疑。)”可知，辩论课程的核心是教学生如何高效辩论，即“学会有效论证”。故选C项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Persuasive Speaking”部分中的“The focus is on speaking in a natural voice, without referring to notes, rather than writing an essay and just reading it out loud.(课程重点是用自然的声音演讲，不依赖笔记，而非写一篇文章再大声朗读。)”可知，说服性演讲课程的核心是“学习无笔记自然表达”。故选A项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Electives”部分中的“Negotiations: The activity stresses public speaking as a business and personal tool. Students will role-play situations in which their abilities to compromise and persuade others are developed.(谈判：该活动强调公共演讲作为商务和个人工具的作用。学生将通过角色扮演，培养妥协与说服他人的能力。)”可知，“谈判”选修课能帮助学生练习商务相关技能。故选D项。 B After her husband left her, a 38-year-old Australian woman decided it was time for a fresh start and moved out of Melbourne. She spent two months living in an Airbnb, which proved costly, and when she started looking for an apartment she could actually afford, she found the places on offer weren’t very attractive. Later, when she visited her aunt at a retirement village and told her that she was looking for a place, the elderly woman asked her if she wanted to try an apartment that had just opened up in the Village. After thinking for a while, she decided to give it a try. It turned out to be the best decision she had ever made. “I’ve been living in the retirement village for over a year. I’ve stopped considering it a stepping stone to a better place, and I now see it as my home,” the woman said.“I’ve never felt out of place here, and living around people who aren’t in a rush or consumed (消耗) by tech has been great for my mental health.” Although many people think she would find living in a retirement village tedious, the woman says that in the morning she usually wakes up to the chat of her neighbors, enjoys a cup of coffee, and takes a short walk. Then she takes yoga classes, and even manages to get some paid work done. In the evening, she sits on the steps and has unending conversations with her neighbors. All of them turn her day-to-day routine (日常) into something lively and satisfying. “My new home has reshaped my life ambitions and the way I view aging,” the woman said. “I’ve found great peace here, and it’s my idea of a wonderful life. It’s comforting to know that the 70s and 80s aren’t so bad after all. As I’ve learned from those around me, you can still volunteer, make friends, and start new hobbies, no matter your age.” 4. What mainly caused the woman to move into the retirement village? A. The requirement of her elderly aunt. B. Her money problem after her marriage ended. C. The need to escape technology-driven society. D. Her dream of experiencing a special lifestyle. 5. What do the woman’s words in paragraph 2 suggest? A. She feels there is no place better than the retirement village. B. She has found peace and belonging in the retirement village. C. She struggles with the lack of technology in the retirement village. D. She has met challenges before adapting to the life in the retirement village. 6. What does the underlined word “tedious” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Comfortable. B. Busy. C. Safe. D. Boring. 7. What did the woman use to think of aging? A. It’s something unpleasant. B. It brings a very lonely experience. C. It means fewer working opportunities. D. It’s something most people can’t accept. 【答案】4. B 5. B 6. D 7. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。澳大利亚一名女子离婚后因经济问题，经姑姑提议住进养老院，一年多来她适应良好，认为这里让自己心态变好，还改变了对衰老的看法。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“After her husband left her, a 38-year-old Australian woman decided it was time for a fresh start and moved out of Melbourne. She spent two months living in an Airbnb, which proved costly, and when she started looking for an apartment she could actually afford, she found the places on offer weren’t very attractive. Later, when she visited her aunt at a retirement village and told her that she was looking for a place, the elderly woman asked her if she wanted to try an apartment that had just opened up in the Village.(一位38岁的澳大利亚女性在丈夫离开后，决定开启新生活，于是搬离了墨尔本。她在爱彼迎（Airbnb）住了两个月，开销很大。当她开始寻找自己负担得起的公寓时，却发现市面上的房源都没什么吸引力。后来，她去养老院看望姨妈，提到自己正在找住处，这位老人便问她是否愿意试试养老院里刚空出来的一间公寓)”可知，她搬入养老院的主要原因是婚姻结束后的经济问题。故选B项。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段““I’ve been living in the retirement village for over a year. I’ve stopped considering it a stepping stone to a better place, and I now see it as my home,” the woman said.“I’ve never felt out of place here, and living around people who aren’t in a rush or consumed (消耗) by tech has been great for my mental health.”(“我在这家养老院已经住了一年多了。我不再把这里看作是通往更好住处的跳板，现在我把它当成了自己的家。” 这位女士说道，“我在这里从未感到格格不入，和那些不慌不忙、不被科技产品牵绊的人住在一起，对我的心理健康特别有益。”)”可知，她在养老院找到了平静和归属感。故选B项。 【6题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段 “Although many people think she would find living in a retirement village tedious, the woman says that in the morning she usually wakes up to the chat of her neighbors, enjoys a cup of coffee, and takes a short walk. Then she takes yoga classes, and even manages to get some paid work done. In the evening, she sits on the steps and has unending conversations with her neighbors. All of them turn her day-to-day routine (日常) into something lively and satisfying.(尽管很多人觉得她住在养老院会tedious，但这位女士说，早上她通常在邻居的聊天声中醒来，喝杯咖啡，再散会儿步。之后她会去上瑜伽课，甚至还能完成一些有报酬的工作。到了晚上，她会坐在台阶上，和邻居们聊个不停。这一切都让她的日常生活变得既充实又愉快)”可知，这里“tedious”与“生动满足”相反，意为“无聊的”。故选D项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“It’s comforting to know that the 70s and 80s aren’t so bad after all.(知道七八十岁也没那么糟糕，这让人很安心)”可推断，她以前认为衰老“是不愉快的事”。故选A项。 C Painkillers of all different sorts have always been a part of human history. The appearance of wonderful pain medicines, such as paracetamol (对乙酰氨基酚), has truly marked a big step forward in managing the aches. However, more than three quarters of common medicines come from fossil fuels (化石燃料), making the industry quite environmentally unfriendly. Recently, researchers from the University of Edinburgh have published a study in Nature Chemistry, introducing a method for turning plastic into paracetamol. According to the researchers, the primary thing to make paracetamol is polyethylene terephthalate, also known as PET, which is used to make water bottles and creates more than 350 million tons of waste a year. In order to turn PET into something useful, the researchers used the same principles as those used in making beer. This process uses phosphate (磷酸盐) found in bacterial cells to turn terephthalic acid (对苯二甲酸) — which comes from the breakdown of PET — into paramaminobenzoic acid, which is then turned into paracetamol. Though this seems not simple, the process of turning plastic into paracetamol takes less than 24 hours. This new method can be carried out at room temperature, through a process that produces no CO2. In addition, about 90 percent of the PET used is turned into medicine, leaving very little plastic waste. “This work shows that PET plastic isn’t just waste. It can be changed into precious new products, including those with possibility of treating disease,” said Professor Stephen Wallace from the University of Edinburgh. “Though there is still much to be done in order to solve the problem of plastic waste, this is a step in the right direction, and shows the fact that plastics have the potential to be reused in many creative ways.” It’s clear that solving the climate problem will take a lot of creativity. And though it seems like just a drop in the bucket, the University of Edinburgh’s discovery could be the first in a series of discoveries that focus on learning how to turn plastic into products that can help human beings instead of harming the earth. 8. Why did the University of Edinburgh conduct the research? A. To explore more ways to use fossil fuels. B. To produce more effective painkillers. C. To turn plastic waste into useful medicine. D. To reduce the cost of making paracetamol. 9. What feature does the new paracetamol-making method have? A. It is efficient and does little harm to the environment. B. It simplifies the traditional medicine-making process. C. It requires high temperatures to break down PET. D. It uses beer to produce the main material. 10. Which of the following statements will Professor Stephen Wallace agree with? A. PET plastic can do more good than harm. B. Plastics may have many potential applications. C Products made from PET have been well received. D. The problem of plastic waste needs worldwide attention. 11. What may be the text? A. An advertisement for painkillers. B. An online news report about plastic waste. C. A scientific paper about medical science. D. A book review about environmental science. 【答案】8. C 9. A 10. B 11. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了爱丁堡大学研究出将PET塑料转化为对乙酰氨基酚的方法，高效环保，研究者认为这为塑料再利用提供方向。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Recently, researchers from the University of Edinburgh have published a study in Nature Chemistry, introducing a method for turning plastic into paracetamol.(近日，爱丁堡大学的研究人员在《自然·化学》杂志上发表了一项研究，介绍了将塑料转化为对乙酰氨基酚的方法)”可知，爱丁堡大学开展这项研究是为了将塑料废弃物转化为有用的药物。故选C。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Though this seems not simple, the process of turning plastic into paracetamol takes less than 24 hours. This new method can be carried out at room temperature, through a process that produces no CO2. In addition, about 90 percent of the PET used is turned into medicine, leaving very little plastic waste.(虽然这一过程看似并不简单，但将塑料转化为对乙酰氨基酚所需的时间不到24小时。这种新方法可在室温下进行，整个过程不会产生二氧化碳。此外，所使用的约90%的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）都被转化为药物，从而产生的塑料废弃物极少)”可知，这种新的对乙酰氨基酚制造方法效率高，且对环境影响小。故选A。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Stephen Wallace所说的话“Though there is still much to be done in order to solve the problem of plastic waste, this is a step in the right direction, and shows the fact that plastics have the potential to be reused in many creative ways.(尽管要解决塑料垃圾问题仍有许多工作要做，但这一举措是朝着正确方向迈出的一步，也表明塑料具有以多种创新方式被再次利用的潜力)”可知，斯蒂芬·华莱士（ Stephen Wallace）教授认同塑料可能有多种潜在用途。故选B。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Recently, researchers from the University of Edinburgh have published a study in Nature Chemistry, introducing a method for turning plastic into paracetamol.(近日，爱丁堡大学的研究人员在《自然·化学》杂志上发表了一项研究，介绍了将塑料转化为对乙酰氨基酚的方法)”结合文章指出常见药生产多依赖化石燃料不环保，爱丁堡大学研究出将PET塑料转化为对乙酰氨基酚的方法，高效环保，研究者认为这为塑料再利用提供方向；全文围绕最新科研突破展开，具备时效性、客观性（引用论文及教授观点）和科普性（解释技术原理），符合新闻报道特征，结合选项可知，文章是一则关于塑料废弃物的网络新闻报道。故选B。 D Fishing is a way of life for people who live on the floating villages of Cambodia’s Tonle Sap Lake. These Southeast Asian depend on fish that move in and out of the lake. The wet season runs from May to October. Rainwater rushes off the land in the Mekong River and then it flows into the Tonle Sap Lake. This raises water levels in much of the lake. Starting around one meter deep, it can quickly rise up to 10 meters deep. With all that water coming in, there are many numbers of fish. Once in the lake, many of these fish lay eggs. Later, when the dry season starts, plants will protect the fish babies from predators (捕食者). In the wet season, many of the water levels of the lake drop. Levels of oxygen(O2) in the water decrease, too. This sends many of the fish heading back up the river. It’s a cycle that repeats, year after year. Millions of Cambodians depend on the wet season. They need the fish to eat. But their numbers in the Tonle Sap Lake have been falling rapidly. Compared to the number of fish in 2003, just 12 percent as many could be found in 2018. Such changes are not just happening in Southeast Asia. Across the planet, freshwater fish are facing many threats to their existence. Dams（水坝）are a big problem. They reduce flooding, like the type that brings fish to the Tonle Sap Lake each year. As people keep fishing, the share of fish left there could reduce even more. Pollution harms freshwater ecosystems, too. People have also been changing the land in ways that damage the habitat in lakes and streams. With growing human populations, overfishing becomes more of a threat. And then there’s a growing number of invasive species (入侵物种): Many now influence ecosystems that once supported native fish. Lastly, global warming has been affecting both fish and their food. Today, about one in four freshwater fish species are at risk of going extinct. Still, the situation isn’t certain to continue. People cause many of today’s threats to freshwater fish. So people can also act to address them. 12. What will happen to the Tonle Sap Lake during the wet season? A. Few fish will lay eggs in it. B. Its water level remains unchanged. C. The number of fish in it will increase. D. The fish in it will head back up the Mekong River. 13. What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A. The reasons that lead to the drop of the fish population. B. The impact that overfishing has on the environment. C. The invasive species that have appeared recently. D. The different problems that other countries face. 14. What is the author’s attitude towards the future of freshwater fish? A. Unclear. B. Hopeful. C. Uncaring. D. Doubtful. 15. What can be the best title for the text? A. The Seasonal Changes of the Tonle Sap Lake. B. The Sufferings of Floating Villages of Cambodia. C. Dams and Pollution Are Influencing Nature Now. D. Freshwater Fish Are in Trouble All over the World. 【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍柬埔寨洞里萨湖淡水鱼的季节性变化，以及全球淡水鱼面临的生存威胁与改善希望。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The wet season runs from May to October. Rainwater rushes off the land in the Mekong River and then it flows into the Tonle Sap Lake. This raises water levels in much of the lake. Starting around one meter deep, it can quickly rise up to 10 meters deep. With all that water coming in, there are many numbers of fish. Once in the lake, many of these fish lay eggs.(雨季从 5 月持续到 10 月。雨水从陆地汇入湄公河，随后流入洞里萨湖。这使得洞里萨湖大部分区域的水位上升 —— 湖水最初约 1 米深，之后能迅速上涨至 10 米深。随着大量水流涌入，湖里的鱼数量也随之增多。许多鱼一旦进入湖中，便会开始产卵。)”可知，雨季期间洞里萨湖的鱼数量会增加。故选C项。 【13题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第四段中的“Across the planet, freshwater fish are facing many threats to their existence. Dams are a big problem... As people keep fishing... Pollution harms... changing the land... overfishing... invasive species... global warming...(全球范围内，淡水鱼面临诸多生存威胁。水坝是个大问题……过度捕捞……污染……土地改造……入侵物种……全球变暖……)”可知，该段主要列举导致淡水鱼数量减少的各种原因。故选A项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Still, the situation isn’t certain to continue. People cause many of today’s threats to freshwater fish. So people can also act to address them.(不过，这种情况并非一定会持续。如今淡水鱼面临的许多威胁是人类造成的，因此人类也能采取行动解决这些问题。)”可知，作者认为人类可通过行动改善现状，对淡水鱼的未来持乐观态度。故选B项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文以及根据第四段“Such changes are not just happening in Southeast Asia. Across the planet, freshwater fish are facing many threats to their existence.(这种变化并非只发生在东南亚。在全球范围内，淡水鱼正面临诸多生存威胁)”以及根据最后一段“Today, about one in four freshwater fish species are at risk of going extinct.(如今，约有四分之一的淡水鱼物种面临灭绝风险)”，文章先以洞里萨湖淡水鱼为切入点，说明其季节性变化，随后转折指出该湖鱼数量锐减，并扩展到“全球淡水鱼面临生存威胁”，最后提及改善希望。最佳标题为“全球淡水鱼陷入困境”。故选D项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项选择。 Psychological research clearly shows that people who admit their errors are viewed as more trustworthy than those who pretend (假装) to be perfect. ____16____ In medical practice, for example, doctors who openly discuss possible diagnostic (诊断的) uncertainties typically strengthen their patients’ confidence rather than weaken it. The effectiveness of such admissions depends greatly on their presentation. ____17____ Studies confirm that brief, direct statements like “I made a mistake” produce better outcomes than lengthy justifications (辩解). The brain processes apologies (道歉) differently from excuses. Neurological evidence shows that direct admissions activate mirror neurons, creating natural understanding between individuals. This explains why honest apologies repair relationships while excuses often damage them further. Surprisingly, the attempt to appear perfect actually reduces trustworthiness. A major study following 200 doctors found those who occasionally admitted minor errors were rated 23% higher in honesty. ____18____ Those maintaining a perfect image frequently appear less sincere in the long term. Beyond building trust, admitting mistakes has significant developmental benefits. ____19____ Organizations that create safe environments for error reporting show faster innovation rates, according to management studies. When you make mistakes next time, consider this wisdom: Admitting mistakes requires you to be open about your weaknesses. Just as flexible trees can stand storms better than rigid (僵硬的) ones, true strength lies in acknowledging imperfections. Psychological experts emphasize that openness about weaknesses finally builds your stronger connections. ____20____ A. Briefness increases sincerity. B. Perfection usually is not a reality. C. It enables learning and improvement. D. Lengthy justifications often have the same result. E. In fact, this principle applies to professional settings, too. F. It is commonly believed that successful people never show weaknesses. G. Your character is measured not by never failing, but by how you respond when you do. 【答案】16. E 17. A 18. B 19. C 20. G 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要指出承认错误能增强信任、促进发展，而追求完美反而损害可信度，而且简洁直接的道歉最有效。 【16题详解】 前文“Psychological research clearly shows that people who admit their errors are viewed as more trustworthy than those who pretend (假装) to be perfect. (心理学研究清楚地表明，承认错误的人比那些假装完美的人更值得信赖)”提到承认错误的人被认为更值得信赖，后文“In medical practice, for example, doctors who openly discuss possible diagnostic (诊断的) uncertainties typically strengthen their patients’ confidence rather than weaken it. (例如，在医疗实践中，医生公开讨论可能存在的诊断不确定性，通常会增强而不是削弱患者的信心)”用医学领域的例子进一步说明这一原则的适用性，因此E项“In fact, this principle applies to professional settings, too. (事实上，这一原则也适用于专业环境)”符合语境，承接前文，和后文是例证关系，其中的this principle指代前一句的内容。故选E。 【17题详解】 后文“Studies confirm that brief, direct statements like “I made a mistake” produce better outcomes than lengthy justifications (辩解). The brain processes apologies (道歉) differently from excuses. Neurological evidence shows that direct admissions activate mirror neurons, creating natural understanding between individuals. (研究证实，像“我犯了一个错误”这样简短直接的陈述比冗长的辩解效果更好。大脑处理道歉和借口的方式不同。神经科学证据表明，直接承认会激活镜像神经元，使个体之间产生自然的理解)”指出简短直接的承认错误效果更好，并解释大脑对道歉与借口的处理差异，空处作为段首句，应总的说明简洁性的重要作用，因此A项“Briefness increases sincerity. (简洁增加真诚感)”符合语境，引出后文内容，其中的Briefness与后文的brief呼应。故选A。 【18题详解】 前文“Surprisingly, the attempt to appear perfect actually reduces trustworthiness. A major study following 200 doctors found those who occasionally admitted minor errors were rated 23% higher in honesty. (令人惊讶的是，试图表现得完美实际上会降低可信度。一项针对200名医生的大型研究发现，那些偶尔承认小错误的医生的诚实度要高出23%)”指出试图表现完美会降低可信度，并列举医生研究中承认小错误的案例，后文“Those maintaining a perfect image frequently appear less sincere in the long term. (从长远来看，那些保持完美形象的人往往显得不够真诚)”指出长期保持完美形象会显得不真诚，空处应从反面说明完美形象往往不现实，因此B项“Perfection usually is not a reality. (完美通常不是现实)”符合语境，和前文形成对比，引出后文。故选B。 【19题详解】 前文“Beyond building trust, admitting mistakes has significant developmental benefits. (除了建立信任，承认错误对发展也有很大的好处)”指出承认错误对发展有益，后文“Organizations that create safe environments for error reporting show faster innovation rates, according to management studies. (根据管理研究，为错误报告创造安全环境的组织显示出更快的创新速度)”以组织创新为例，佐证其益处，空处需具体说明这种益处，因此C项“It enables learning and improvement. (它促进学习和进步)”符合语境，承前启后，其中的It指代前面的admitting mistakes。故选C。 【20题详解】 前文“Just as flexible trees can stand storms better than rigid (僵硬的) ones, true strength lies in acknowledging imperfections. Psychological experts emphasize that openness about weaknesses finally builds your stronger connections. (正如柔韧的树木比坚硬的树木更能抵御风暴一样，真正的力量在于承认不完美。心理学专家强调，坦诚地面对缺点最终会建立起更牢固的人际关系)”总结承认错误是真正的力量，指出坦诚弱点能建立更强连接，空处是全文末句，需升华主题，因此G项“Your character is measured not by never failing, but by how you respond when you do. (你的品格不是通过永不失败来衡量的，而是通过失败时的反应)”符合语境，承接前文。故选G。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 I still remember the day when the doctor said the words “malignant tumor (恶性肿瘤)”. The only question in my mind was how long the rest of my life would actually be. In the following weeks, I turned to ____21____. I had always wanted to publish a book, but it seemed that time would never ____22____ it. Uncertain where my future might lead me, I had nothing left to ____23____. It was time to follow my heart. I was ____24____ that my first novel could very well be my last, but I didn’t let that ____25____ me. In fact, now my determination to publish a book was stronger than ever. But I soon ____26____ the road ahead was full of challenges. After finishing my novel, I spent a year facing one ____27____ after another. It was heartbreaking, but I didn’t want to ____28____. I couldn’t, I’d already struggled through so much to write this novel. By June of 2020, it seemed pretty ____29____ that I was getting nowhere. As a last-ditch (孤注一掷) effort, I took the only _____30_____ — upload my book online. I’d let the people who really _____31_____ — the readers — decide whether my work was _____32_____, and whatever that decision was, I’d _____33_____ it. At least I’d know that I had given it a fair go. Then I got the _____34_____. Four months later, my novel was published. It finally paid off. It’s been five years since the doctor told me my future looked _____35_____. Five years of good health and happiness, of learning that life is all about the lesson. 21. A. drawing B. writing C. swimming D. singing 22. A. change B. cure C. allow D. keep 23. A. lose B. share C. hide D. record 24. A. ashamed B. doubtful C. shocked D. aware 25. A. escape B. judge C. stop D. harm 26. A. realized B. forgot C. agreed D. promised 27. A. instruction B. refusal C. joke D. arrangement 28. A. show off B. move on C. turn around D. give up 29. A. unfair B. strange C. clear D. impossible 30. A. choice B. suggestion C. task D. responsibility 31. A. benefited B. waited C. mattered D. helped 32. A. familiar B. worthy C. original D. affordable 33. A. perfect B. check C. prove D. accept 34. A. answer B. explanation C. position D. award 35 A. interesting B. bright C. questionable D. uneventful 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. A 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者被诊断出恶性肿瘤后，决心完成出书梦想，克服重重困难最终成功，且健康状况也得以改善的故事。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的几周里，我投身于写作。A. drawing画画；B. writing写作；C. swimming游泳；D. singing唱歌。根据后文“I had always wanted to publish a book”可知，作者选择的事是“写作”，故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一直想出版一本书，但似乎时间从不允许。A. change改变；B. cure治愈；C. allow允许；D. keep保持。作者此前未出版书，结合被诊断出癌症的背景，推测是“时间不允许”，“allow”（允许）符合“时间条件不支持实现梦想”的语境，故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：不确定未来会走向何方，我已经没什么可失去的了。A. lose失去；B. share分享；C. hide隐藏；D. record记录。根据前文“ Uncertain where my future might lead me”以及后文“ It was time to follow my heart.”可知，面对癌症，作者对未来迷茫，认为自己没有可再失去的东西，才决心追寻梦想，“lose”（失去）符合“处境糟糕、无所顾忌”的心理，故选A项。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我知道我的第一本小说很可能就是我的最后一本，但我没有让这一点阻止我。A. ashamed羞愧的；B. doubtful怀疑的；C. shocked震惊的；D. aware意识到的。根据后文“my first novel could very well be my last”作者清楚自己的病情，“aware”（意识到的）体现“知晓自身状况”，符合“明知可能是最后一本书仍坚持”的语境，故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道我的第一本小说很可能就是我的最后一本，但我没有让这一点阻止我。A. escape逃脱；B. judge判断；C. stop阻止；D. harm伤害。根据后文“my determination to publish a book was stronger than ever”可知，作者未被“可能是最后一本书”的想法“阻止”，故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我很快意识到前路充满挑战。A. realized意识到；B. forgot忘记；C. agreed同意；D. promised承诺。根据后文“the road ahead was full of challenges. ”可知，这是作者“意识到”的挑战，“realized”（意识到）符合“逐渐认清困难”的过程，故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：写完小说后，我花了一年时间，面临一个又一个拒绝。A. instruction指示；B. refusal拒绝；C. joke玩笑；D. arrangement安排。根据后文“heartbreaking”可知，作者是遭遇“拒绝”，“refusal”（拒绝）符合“出书过程中遇到的挫折”，故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：这令人心碎，但我不想放弃。A. show off炫耀；B. move on继续；C. turn around转身；D. give up放弃。根据后文“I’d already struggled through so much to write this novel”可知，作者不想“放弃”，故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：到2020年6月，很明显我毫无进展。A. unfair不公平的；B. strange奇怪的；C. clear明显的；D. impossible不可能的。根据前文面对一年的挫折以及后文“I was getting nowhere.”可知，作者的出书计划“毫无进展”已很“明显”，“clear”（明显的）符合“处境明朗化”的语境，故选C项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为孤注一掷的努力，我做出了唯一的选择——把我的书上传到网上。A. choice选择；B. suggestion建议；C. task任务；D. responsibility责任。根据后文“upload my book online”可知，“上传书籍到网上”是作者此时唯一的“选择”，“choice”（选择）符合“面临绝境时的唯一举措”，故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我会让真正重要的人——读者——来判断我的作品是否值得一读，无论结果如何，我都会接受。A. benefited受益；B. waited等待；C. mattered重要；D. helped帮助。根据后文“the readers—decide ”可知，在作者看来，读者是判断作品价值“重要”的人，“mattered”（重要）符合“重视读者意见”的逻辑，故选C项。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我会让真正重要的人——读者——来判断我的作品是否值得一读，无论结果如何，我都会接受。A. familiar熟悉的；B. worthy值得的；C. original原创的；D. affordable负担得起的。读者判断作品是否“值得”阅读，“worthy”（值得的）符合“对作品价值的评判”，故选B项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我会让真正重要的人——读者——来判断我的作品是否值得一读，无论结果如何，我都会接受。A. perfect使完美；B. check检查；C. prove证明；D. accept接受。作者已做好心理准备，无论读者评价如何都会“接受”，“accept”（接受）符合“心态平和面对结果”的语境，故选D项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我得到了答案。A. answer答案；B. explanation解释；C. position位置；D. award奖励。根据后文“Four months later, my novel was published. It finally paid off.”可知，作者此前让读者判断作品，如今“小说出版”是对“作品是否值得”的“答案”，故选A项。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：医生告诉我未来不容乐观已经五年了。A. interesting有趣的；B. bright光明的；C. questionable可疑的，不容乐观的；D. uneventful平淡的。根据前文“I still remember the day when the doctor said the words “malignant tumor（恶性肿瘤）”可知，作者被诊断出恶性肿瘤时，医生对其未来的判断应是“不容乐观的”，“questionable”（不容乐观的）符合“癌症诊断后的糟糕预期”，故选C项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。 The Torch Festival (火把节), one of the most important holidays of the Yi people of Yunnan Province, falls on the 24th or 25th day of the ____36____ (six) month of the lunar calendar. The festival is a great ____37____ (celebrate) of the ancient cultural heritage (遗产) of the Yi people, including its traditional music, dance, poetry, food, costume, farming, astronomy and religious rituals. During the Torch Festival, ____38____ (bring) light into the corners of the house and out into the fields among the crops, every family lights a torch. They do this with ____39____ hope of driving away bad luck and having a good harvest. Huge torches ____40____ (make) of tied dry pine and lightwood are placed in the villages. Smaller torches are placed in front of the door of each house. ____41____ (local) walk around the fields and houses, and place torches at the corners of the fields. The torches are lit at dusk, ____42____ (decorate) the villages by making them almost as bright as during the day. In the villages, older people play different musical instruments while young men and women sing and dance around big torches ____43____ burn through the night. Among the many activities taking place during the festival ____44____ (be) horse races, bullfights, wrestling and so on. Visiting the Torch Festival is a perfect way to absorb centuries of culture of the Yi people in a single day, a _____45_____ (gold) experience you will never forget. 【答案】36. sixth 37. celebration 38. to bring 39. the 40. made 41. Locals 42. decorating 43. that##which 44. are 45. golden 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍云南彝族火把节，它在农历六月二十四或二十五日，是彝族重要节日，人们燃火把驱邪求丰收，还有歌舞、赛马等活动，是体验彝族文化的好机会。 【36题详解】 考查序数词。句意：火把节是云南省彝族最为重要的节日之一，它在农历六月的第 24 日或 25 日举行。此处表示“农历第六个月”，需用序数词修饰名词“month”，six的序数词形式为sixth。故填sixth。 【37题详解】 考查名词。句意：这个节日是对彝族古老文化遗产的一次盛大庆祝，其中包括其传统音乐、舞蹈、诗歌、美食、服饰、农耕、天文知识以及宗教仪式。空前有不定冠词“a”和形容词“great”，需填名词celebration。故填celebration。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在火把节期间，为了让屋内的各个角落以及田间地头的庄稼都能沐浴在光芒之中，每家每户都会点燃火把。空格处表目的，“为了把光带入屋角和田间”，需用不定式作目的状语，故填to bring。 【39题详解】 考查冠词。句意：他们这样做是希望借此驱散厄运，并获得丰收。“with the hope of”是固定搭配，意为“怀着……的希望”，需加定冠词the。故填the。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：巨大的火炬由捆扎好的干燥松木和轻质木材制成，被放置在各个村庄里。“torches”与“make”是被动关系，“由干松木和轻木捆成的火把”，需用过去分词作后置定语，故填made。 【41题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：当地居民在田间和房屋周围漫步，并在田地的角落放置了火把。此处指“当地人”，根据walk可知，需用名词复数作主语，首字母大写。故填Locals。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：火炬在黄昏时点燃，它们将村庄装点得如同白昼一般明亮。“torches”与“decorate”是主动关系，“火把在黄昏时被点燃，照亮村庄”，需用现在分词作伴随状语，故填decorating。 43题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：在这些村庄里，年长者会演奏各种乐器，而年轻男女则围着燃烧整夜的大火把载歌载舞。此处引导定语从句，先行词是“torches”，指物，从句中缺主语，可用that或which。故填that/which。 【44题详解】 考查主谓一致。句意：在节日期间举行的众多活动中，有赛马、斗牛、摔跤等等。陈述事实用一般现在时，此处是倒装句，主语是“horse races, bullfights, wrestling and so on”，为复数，谓语动词用are。故填are。 【45题详解】 考查形容词。句意：参观火把节是领略彝族数百年文化精髓的绝佳方式，这是一次难忘的美妙体验，您一定会难以忘怀。此处需用形容词golden修饰名词“experience”，故填golden。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你们社区新建了一条美食街。请给你的留学生朋友Jimmy写封邮件，内容包括： 1. 介绍相关情况； 2. 邀请一同前往。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Jimmy, _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】 Dear Jimmy, I have great news to share — our community just opened a new food street, and it’s become super popular these days! It’s only a 10-minute walk from our neighborhood. There are over 20 stalls selling all kinds of food, from local snacks like stinky tofu and sugar figurines to Western treats such as hamburgers and milk tea. The atmosphere is lively too, with warm lights and soft music every evening. I know you love trying new foods, so I was wondering if you’d like to go with me this Saturday evening? We can taste different dishes and have a nice chat. Looking forward to your reply! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给留学生朋友Jimmy写封邮件，介绍社区新建的一条美食街并邀其一起前往。 【详解】1.词汇积累 各种各样的：all kinds of →a variety of 喜爱：love →be fond of 不同的：different →various 回复：reply →response 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I have great news to share — our community just opened a new food street, and it’s become super popular these days! 拓展句：I have great news to share — our community has just opened a new food street, which has become super popular these days. 【点睛】【高分句型1】There are over 20 stalls selling all kinds of food, from local snacks like stinky tofu and sugar figurines to Western treats such as hamburgers and milk tea. （运用了现在分词作后置定语） 【高分句型2】 I know you love trying new foods, so I was wondering if you’d like to go with me this Saturday evening? （运用了if引导的宾语从句） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Grandma always said, “Kindness in life is like rain under the roof. If you help keep someone dry from one drop today, it will run down the roof tiles and quietly fall on the shoulder of someone who needs it tomorrow.” I used to think her words were too soft — until last month, I finally caught that “drop of rain” myself. One day last month, I saw an elderly woman struggle with a walker, carrying bags of food. I was driving north, and she was walking south. I’d seen her before, each time feeling guilty (内疚的) — I didn’t offer a lift. But how could I safely stop in the middle of a busy road to help anyone without blocking the late-afternoon traffic? That was my reasoning. It made my guilt disappear temporarily (暂时地). Today, however, the guilt got back to me. At that moment, Grandma’s words suddenly jumped out, “If the rain waits until you’re ready to fall, it won’t be able to water the thirsty flowers.” Then, I made a U-turn. Slowly down, I rolled down the window and called out, “Need a ride?” I placed her walker and bags into my car. I helped her into the passenger seat. She thanked me and directed me to go farther south. After a few blocks, we passed under a bridge, where several homeless people lived. She called out to them, “You all come by later. It’s spaghetti night tonight.” We continued south, chatting the way. Her name was Ida. She finally pointed to an old apartment building where she lived. Several rowdy (吵闹的) young men in their early twenties had gathered around the entrance. Some were on motorcycles, and one with long bushy hair was staring at me intently and smiling, which appeared threatening. I was getting uncomfortable, but Ida seemed fine. Ida seemed to notice my unease (不安), and then she told me the young man was called James and that he was a good boy. After I stopped the car, I helped her unload the bags of food. She thanked me again and gave me a bag of oranges. I drove away as fast as I could. I turned on the radio and played some music. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Suddenly, I found my phone was missing. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I thanked James and regretted my former thought. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 Suddenly, I found my phone was missing. Panicking, I realized it must have fallen out when helping Ida unload the bags. I had no choice but to turn back to her apartment building. My heart raced as I approached the entrance again, fearing those young men might still be there, perhaps even with my phone. To my surprise, James was standing alone by the door, holding something small. As I got closer, I saw it was my phone. He smiled that same intense smile, but now it seemed friendly, not threatening. “Looking for this?” he asked, handing it back. I thanked James and regretted my former thought. He explained he’d found it near Ida’s groceries and waited, hoping I’d return. His kindness, after I had unfairly judged him based on his appearance, struck me deeply. Driving away again, Ida’s words about James being “a good boy” echoed. Grandma’s wisdom finally became clear: my small act of helping Ida had flowed down like rain, and James, someone I had misjudged, caught the drop to help me. That “rain” had truly fallen on my shoulder, washing away my prejudice and proving kindness connects us all. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了文章讲述作者受奶奶“善意如屋檐下的雨”的话语启发，开车搭载了提着重物的老人艾达。后发现手机丢失返回，曾被作者误解的年轻人詹姆斯帮作者保管了手机，作者由此明白善意能传递，还消除了自己的偏见。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“突然，我发现我的手机不见了”可知，第一段可描写作者发现手机不见返回寻找，结果曾被作者误解的年轻人詹姆斯帮作者保管了手机。 ②由第二段首句内容“我向詹姆斯表示了感谢，并对自己之前的想法感到懊悔”可知，第二段可描写作者由此明白善意能传递，还消除了自己的偏见。 2. 续写线索：发现手机不见了——返回寻找——遇到詹姆斯保管手机——作者感谢——作者感悟 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①意识到：realize/be aware of ②询问：ask/inquire ③看到：see/catch sight of 情绪类 ①惊讶：surprise/astonishment ②善良：kindness/goodness 【点睛】【高分句型1】Panicking, I realized it must have fallen out when helping Ida unload the bags. (运用了现在分词作状语、省略连接词that的宾语从句以及状语从句中的省略) 【高分句型2】As I got closer, I saw it was my phone. (运用了as引导时间状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高二年级十月调研考试 英语 考生注意： 1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将考生号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有2分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. Where are the speakers? A. In a restaurant. B. In a hotel. C. In a school. 2. Why does the man refuse the woman’s invitation? A. He needs to rest. B. He has to work overtime. C. He will go out. 3. What will the speakers buy? A. Coffee. B. Water. C. Iced tea. 4. What does the man mean? A. He won’t invite Susan. B. He doesn’t know Susan. C. Susan doesn’t have time. 5. What does the woman plan to do tonight? A. Go to the cinema. B. Eat out with a friend. C. Watch TV at home. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6 Why did the woman move? A. To live in a bigger house. B. To be closer to her office. C. To find some nice neighbors. 7. How does the woman often go to work now? A. On foot. B. By car. C. By bus. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What’s the matter with Sylvia? A. She can’t get along well with her classmates. B She isn’t able to concentrate on her homework. C. She doesn’t know how to do well in her classes. 9. What suggestion does the man give to Sylvia? A. Asking more questions if possible. B. Turning to her private teacher. C. Finding someone to study with. 10. How does the man sound? A. Encouraging. B. Upset. C. Humorous. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. When is Carrie’s birthday? A. Next Monday. B. Next Tuesday. C. Next Sunday. 12. What will the speakers buy for Carrie? A. A dress. B. A bag. C. A doll. 13. Why do the speakers stop shopping online? A. The computer has broken down. B. The goods are very expensive. C. They are not satisfied with the color. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14 What does the woman talk to the man for? A. Applying for a job. B. Doing a survey. C. Asking for advice. 15. What advantage does the man say about working in the hotel? A. Having some free time. B. Getting useful experience. C. Earning much more money. 16. What will the woman probably do? A. Take the job in the hotel. B. Find a job in the school. C. Keep the job in the store. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. When did Elizabeth move to New York? A. In 1821. B. In 1832. C. In 1857. 18. How did Elizabeth make money for her study? A. By giving English lessons. B. By working as a music teacher. C. By teaching at a medical school. 19. What happened to Elizabeth in 1849? A. She left Paris. B She was accepted as a doctor. C. She graduated from medical school. 20. What was one of Elizabeth’s contributions? A. She fought hard for women’s rights. B. She set up the first hospital in the world. C. She helped to train many women doctors. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Public Speaking Classes & Camps for High School Students Over the course of the program, students will take three main courses: Debate (辩论), Persuasive Speaking, and Electives (选修课). Debate Students will learn to build strong arguments, fight back against others’ points, and question each other well. They will also talk about different topics right for their age and experience, form teams, and compete against their co-campers. Persuasive Speaking This useful activity teaches students to create and deliver convincing speeches. The focus is on speaking in a natural voice, without referring to notes, rather than writing an essay (文章) and just reading it out loud. All students end the week by presenting a speech in front of a large group of fellow campers. Electives In the evenings, students will get to choose from at least two of the below elective speaking activities. ·Model Congress: This event provides an introduction to diplomatic (外交的) speaking. Students role-play as members of Congress to try the most exciting part of the political process! ·Negotiations: The activity stresses public speaking as a business and personal tool. Students will role-play situations in which their abilities to compromise (妥协) and persuade others are developed. ·Reader’s Theater: In this fun and popular event, students will write and perform a short play. ·Improvisational Speaking: This type of speaking requires students to think on their feet to deliver speeches with little or no preparation time. Fun and challenging topics are chosen, often with funny results! 1. What can students do in the Debate course? A. Give a role-play performance. B. Talk about any topics they like. C. Learn how to argue effectively. D. Attend lectures given by famous debaters. 2. What is the main part of the Persuasive Speaking course? A. Learning to speak naturally with no notes. B. Choosing funny topics for speech practices. C. Memorizing long speeches for competitions. D. Reading formal essays out with strong emotions. 3. Which elective helps students practice business skills? A. Model Congress. B. Reader’s Theater. C. Improvisational Speaking. D. Negotiations. B After her husband left her, a 38-year-old Australian woman decided it was time for a fresh start and moved out of Melbourne. She spent two months living in an Airbnb, which proved costly, and when she started looking for an apartment she could actually afford, she found the places on offer weren’t very attractive. Later, when she visited her aunt at a retirement village and told her that she was looking for a place, the elderly woman asked her if she wanted to try an apartment that had just opened up in the Village. After thinking for a while, she decided to give it a try. It turned out to be the best decision she had ever made. “I’ve been living in the retirement village for over a year. I’ve stopped considering it a stepping stone to a better place, and I now see it as my home,” the woman said.“I’ve never felt out of place here, and living around people who aren’t in a rush or consumed (消耗) by tech has been great for my mental health.” Although many people think she would find living in a retirement village tedious, the woman says that in the morning she usually wakes up to the chat of her neighbors, enjoys a cup of coffee, and takes a short walk. Then she takes yoga classes, and even manages to get some paid work done. In the evening, she sits on the steps and has unending conversations with her neighbors. All of them turn her day-to-day routine (日常) into something lively and satisfying. “My new home has reshaped my life ambitions and the way I view aging,” the woman said. “I’ve found great peace here, and it’s my idea of a wonderful life. It’s comforting to know that the 70s and 80s aren’t so bad after all. As I’ve learned from those around me, you can still volunteer, make friends, and start new hobbies, no matter your age.” 4. What mainly caused the woman to move into the retirement village? A. The requirement of her elderly aunt. B. Her money problem after her marriage ended. C. The need to escape technology-driven society. D. Her dream of experiencing a special lifestyle. 5. What do the woman’s words in paragraph 2 suggest? A. She feels there is no place better than the retirement village. B. She has found peace and belonging in the retirement village. C. She struggles with the lack of technology in the retirement village. D. She has met challenges before adapting to the life in the retirement village. 6. What does the underlined word “tedious” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Comfortable. B. Busy. C. Safe. D. Boring. 7. What did the woman use to think of aging? A. It’s something unpleasant. B. It brings a very lonely experience. C. It means fewer working opportunities. D. It’s something most people can’t accept. C Painkillers of all different sorts have always been a part of human history. The appearance of wonderful pain medicines, such as paracetamol (对乙酰氨基酚), has truly marked a big step forward in managing the aches. However, more than three quarters of common medicines come from fossil fuels (化石燃料), making the industry quite environmentally unfriendly. Recently, researchers from the University of Edinburgh have published a study in Nature Chemistry, introducing a method for turning plastic into paracetamol. According to the researchers, the primary thing to make paracetamol is polyethylene terephthalate, also known as PET, which is used to make water bottles and creates more than 350 million tons of waste a year. In order to turn PET into something useful, the researchers used the same principles as those used in making beer. This process uses phosphate (磷酸盐) found in bacterial cells to turn terephthalic acid (对苯二甲酸) — which comes from the breakdown of PET — into paramaminobenzoic acid, which is then turned into paracetamol. Though this seems not simple, the process of turning plastic into paracetamol takes less than 24 hours. This new method can be carried out at room temperature, through a process that produces no CO2. In addition, about 90 percent of the PET used is turned into medicine, leaving very little plastic waste. “This work shows that PET plastic isn’t just waste. It can be changed into precious new products, including those with possibility of treating disease,” said Professor Stephen Wallace from the University of Edinburgh. “Though there is still much to be done in order to solve the problem of plastic waste, this is a step in the right direction, and shows the fact that plastics have the potential to be reused in many creative ways.” It’s clear that solving the climate problem will take a lot of creativity. And though it seems like just a drop in the bucket, the University of Edinburgh’s discovery could be the first in a series of discoveries that focus on learning how to turn plastic into products that can help human beings instead of harming the earth. 8. Why did the University of Edinburgh conduct the research? A. To explore more ways to use fossil fuels. B. To produce more effective painkillers. C. To turn plastic waste into useful medicine. D. To reduce the cost of making paracetamol. 9. What feature does the new paracetamol-making method have? A. It is efficient and does little harm to the environment. B. It simplifies the traditional medicine-making process. C. It requires high temperatures to break down PET. D. It uses beer to produce the main material. 10. Which of the following statements will Professor Stephen Wallace agree with? A. PET plastic can do more good than harm. B. Plastics may have many potential applications. C. Products made from PET have been well received. D. The problem of plastic waste needs worldwide attention. 11. What may be the text? A. An advertisement for painkillers. B. An online news report about plastic waste. C. A scientific paper about medical science. D. A book review about environmental science. D Fishing is a way of life for people who live on the floating villages of Cambodia’s Tonle Sap Lake. These Southeast Asian depend on fish that move in and out of the lake. The wet season runs from May to October. Rainwater rushes off the land in the Mekong River and then it flows into the Tonle Sap Lake. This raises water levels in much of the lake. Starting around one meter deep, it can quickly rise up to 10 meters deep. With all that water coming in, there are many numbers of fish. Once in the lake, many of these fish lay eggs. Later, when the dry season starts, plants will protect the fish babies from predators (捕食者). In the wet season, many of the water levels of the lake drop. Levels of oxygen(O2) in the water decrease, too. This sends many of the fish heading back up the river. It’s a cycle that repeats, year after year. Millions of Cambodians depend on the wet season. They need the fish to eat. But their numbers in the Tonle Sap Lake have been falling rapidly. Compared to the number of fish in 2003, just 12 percent as many could be found in 2018. Such changes are not just happening in Southeast Asia. Across the planet, freshwater fish are facing many threats to their existence. Dams（水坝）are a big problem. They reduce flooding, like the type that brings fish to the Tonle Sap Lake each year. As people keep fishing, the share of fish left there could reduce even more. Pollution harms freshwater ecosystems, too. People have also been changing the land in ways that damage the habitat in lakes and streams. With growing human populations, overfishing becomes more of a threat. And then there’s a growing number of invasive species (入侵物种): Many now influence ecosystems that once supported native fish. Lastly, global warming has been affecting both fish and their food. Today, about one in four freshwater fish species are at risk of going extinct. Still, the situation isn’t certain to continue. People cause many of today’s threats to freshwater fish. So people can also act to address them. 12. What will happen to the Tonle Sap Lake during the wet season? A. Few fish will lay eggs in it. B. Its water level remains unchanged. C. The number of fish in it will increase. D. The fish in it will head back up the Mekong River. 13. What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A. The reasons that lead to the drop of the fish population. B. The impact that overfishing has on the environment. C. The invasive species that have appeared recently. D. The different problems that other countries face. 14. What is the author’s attitude towards the future of freshwater fish? A. Unclear. B. Hopeful. C. Uncaring. D. Doubtful. 15. What can be the best title for the text? A. The Seasonal Changes of the Tonle Sap Lake. B. The Sufferings of Floating Villages of Cambodia. C. Dams and Pollution Are Influencing Nature Now. D. Freshwater Fish Are in Trouble All over the World. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项选择。 Psychological research clearly shows that people who admit their errors are viewed as more trustworthy than those who pretend (假装) to be perfect. ____16____ In medical practice, for example, doctors who openly discuss possible diagnostic (诊断的) uncertainties typically strengthen their patients’ confidence rather than weaken it. The effectiveness of such admissions depends greatly on their presentation. ____17____ Studies confirm that brief, direct statements like “I made a mistake” produce better outcomes than lengthy justifications (辩解). The brain processes apologies (道歉) differently from excuses. Neurological evidence shows that direct admissions activate mirror neurons, creating natural understanding between individuals. This explains why honest apologies repair relationships while excuses often damage them further. Surprisingly, the attempt to appear perfect actually reduces trustworthiness. A major study following 200 doctors found those who occasionally admitted minor errors were rated 23% higher in honesty. ____18____ Those maintaining a perfect image frequently appear less sincere in the long term. Beyond building trust, admitting mistakes has significant developmental benefits. ____19____ Organizations that create safe environments for error reporting show faster innovation rates, according to management studies. When you make mistakes next time, consider this wisdom: Admitting mistakes requires you to be open about your weaknesses. Just as flexible trees can stand storms better than rigid (僵硬的) ones, true strength lies in acknowledging imperfections. Psychological experts emphasize that openness about weaknesses finally builds your stronger connections. ____20____ A. Briefness increases sincerity. B. Perfection usually is not a reality. C. It enables learning and improvement. D. Lengthy justifications often have the same result. E. In fact, this principle applies to professional settings, too. F. It is commonly believed that successful people never show weaknesses. G. Your character is measured not by never failing, but by how you respond when you do. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 I still remember the day when the doctor said the words “malignant tumor (恶性肿瘤)”. The only question in my mind was how long the rest of my life would actually be. In the following weeks, I turned to ____21____. I had always wanted to publish a book, but it seemed that time would never ____22____ it. Uncertain where my future might lead me, I had nothing left to ____23____. It was time to follow my heart. I was ____24____ that my first novel could very well be my last, but I didn’t let that ____25____ me. In fact, now my determination to publish a book was stronger than ever. But I soon ____26____ the road ahead was full of challenges. After finishing my novel, I spent a year facing one ____27____ after another. It was heartbreaking, but I didn’t want to ____28____. I couldn’t, I’d already struggled through so much to write this novel. By June of 2020, it seemed pretty ____29____ that I was getting nowhere. As a last-ditch (孤注一掷) effort, I took the only _____30_____ — upload my book online. I’d let the people who really _____31_____ — the readers — decide whether my work was _____32_____, and whatever that decision was, I’d _____33_____ it. At least I’d know that I had given it a fair go. Then I got the _____34_____. Four months later, my novel was published. It finally paid off. It’s been five years since the doctor told me my future looked _____35_____. Five years of good health and happiness, of learning that life is all about the lesson. 21. A. drawing B. writing C. swimming D. singing 22. A. change B. cure C. allow D. keep 23. A. lose B. share C. hide D. record 24. A. ashamed B. doubtful C. shocked D. aware 25. A. escape B. judge C. stop D. harm 26. A. realized B. forgot C. agreed D. promised 27. A. instruction B. refusal C. joke D. arrangement 28. A. show off B. move on C. turn around D. give up 29. A. unfair B. strange C. clear D. impossible 30. A. choice B. suggestion C. task D. responsibility 31. A. benefited B. waited C. mattered D. helped 32. A. familiar B. worthy C. original D. affordable 33. A. perfect B. check C. prove D. accept 34. A. answer B. explanation C. position D. award 35. A. interesting B. bright C. questionable D. uneventful 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。 The Torch Festival (火把节), one of the most important holidays of the Yi people of Yunnan Province, falls on the 24th or 25th day of the ____36____ (six) month of the lunar calendar. The festival is a great ____37____ (celebrate) of the ancient cultural heritage (遗产) of the Yi people, including its traditional music, dance, poetry, food, costume, farming, astronomy and religious rituals. During the Torch Festival, ____38____ (bring) light into the corners of the house and out into the fields among the crops, every family lights a torch. They do this with ____39____ hope of driving away bad luck and having a good harvest. Huge torches ____40____ (make) of tied dry pine and lightwood are placed in the villages. Smaller torches are placed in front of the door of each house. ____41____ (local) walk around the fields and houses, and place torches at the corners of the fields. The torches are lit at dusk, ____42____ (decorate) the villages by making them almost as bright as during the day. In the villages, older people play different musical instruments while young men and women sing and dance around big torches ____43____ burn through the night. Among the many activities taking place during the festival ____44____ (be) horse races, bullfights, wrestling and so on. Visiting the Torch Festival is a perfect way to absorb centuries of culture of the Yi people in a single day, a _____45_____ (gold) experience you will never forget. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你们社区新建了一条美食街。请给你的留学生朋友Jimmy写封邮件，内容包括： 1. 介绍相关情况； 2. 邀请一同前往。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Jimmy, _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Grandma always said, “Kindness in life is like rain under the roof. If you help keep someone dry from one drop today, it will run down the roof tiles and quietly fall on the shoulder of someone who needs it tomorrow.” I used to think her words were too soft — until last month, I finally caught that “drop of rain” myself. One day last month, I saw an elderly woman struggle with a walker, carrying bags of food. I was driving north, and she was walking south. I’d seen her before, each time feeling guilty (内疚的) — I didn’t offer a lift. But how could I safely stop in the middle of a busy road to help anyone without blocking the late-afternoon traffic? That was my reasoning. It made my guilt disappear temporarily (暂时地). Today, however, the guilt got back to me. At that moment, Grandma’s words suddenly jumped out, “If the rain waits until you’re ready to fall, it won’t be able to water the thirsty flowers.” Then, I made a U-turn. Slowly down, I rolled down the window and called out, “Need a ride?” I placed her walker and bags into my car. I helped her into the passenger seat. She thanked me and directed me to go farther south. After a few blocks, we passed under a bridge, where several homeless people lived. She called out to them, “You all come by later. It’s spaghetti night tonight.” We continued south, chatting the way. Her name was Ida. She finally pointed to an old apartment building where she lived. Several rowdy (吵闹的) young men in their early twenties had gathered around the entrance. Some were on motorcycles, and one with long bushy hair was staring at me intently and smiling, which appeared threatening. I was getting uncomfortable but Ida seemed fine. Ida seemed to notice my unease (不安), and then she told me the young man was called James and that he was a good boy. After I stopped the car, I helped her unload the bags of food. She thanked me again and gave me a bag of oranges. I drove away as fast as I could. I turned on the radio and played some music. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Suddenly, I found my phone was missing. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I thanked James and regretted my former thought. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $