精品解析：天津市红桥区天津市第五中学2025-2026学年高三上学期10月月考英语试题

英语 学科 试卷 第一部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分) 第一节单项填空(共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. —Mary, I have seen the film Gone with the Wind. —Oh, really? ______. And I admire the leading character Scarlett for her courage. A. Good idea B. With pleasure C. So have I D. Neither have I 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查情景交际。——玛丽，我看过电影《乱世佳人》。——真的吗？我也是。我很佩服女主角斯嘉丽的勇气。A. Good idea好主意；B. With pleasure乐意地；C. So have I我也是；D. Neither have I我也没有。根据后文“And I admire the leading character Scarlett for her courage.(我很佩服女主角斯嘉丽的勇气)”可知，我也看过。固定句式：so+be/情态动词/助动词+主语，表示“……也一样”根据上句“I have seen the film Gone with the Wind.(我看过电影《乱世佳人》)”谓语have seen，可知，答语句子的时态为现在完成时。故选C。 2. The response of the audience to his speech varied from total ______ to a warm welcome. A. gentleness B. embarrassment C. interaction D. rejection 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：听众对他的演讲的反应从完全拒绝到热烈欢迎。A. gentleness温柔；B. embarrassment尴尬；C. interaction互动；D. rejection拒绝。由句意和“to a warm welcome”可知，这里指听众态度从“拒绝”转变为热烈欢迎。故选D项。 3. Yesterday Mr Smith spoke at the meeting ________the manager, who was attending a more important meeting. A. in favour of B. in terms of C. in charge of D. in place of 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：昨天史密斯先生在会议上代替经理发言，那位经理当时正在参加一个更重要的会议。A. in favour of支持，赞同；B. in terms of就……而言，在……方面；C. in charge of负责，掌管；D. in place of代替，取代。根据“the manager, who was attending a more important meeting”可知，史密斯先生的行为是“代替”经理发言，用in place of。故选D。 4. Johnson, as well as his parents, ______ up early to work out in the park every morning, whether it is fine or rainy. A. gets B. get C. is getting D. are getting 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：无论是晴天还是下雨，约翰逊和他的父母每天早上都会早起在公园里锻炼。分析句子可知，本句主语Johnson，为第三人称单数形式，再由every morning可知，此空时态应用一般现在时表习惯性发生的动作。故选A项。 5. To his great joy, the situation now is less ______ than he previously thought. A. optimistic B. complicated C. practical D. impressive 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：令他非常高兴的是，现在的情况没有他原先想象的那么复杂。A. optimistic乐观的；B. complicated复杂的；C. practical实际的；D. impressive给人印象深刻的。根据上文“To his great joy (令他非常高兴的是)”可知，此处是指情况没有他原来想象的那么“复杂”。故选B项。 6. ______ very tired, she asked me whether we could stay at home instead of going for a picnic. A. Felt B. To feel C. Feeling D. To be felt 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她感到很累，问我我们是否可以呆在家里而不去野餐。句中asked为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，此处feel与she之间是主动关系，故使用现在分词作状语，表示动作同时发生。故选C。 7. —Hi, Lucy! It’s good to see you. How is everything going? — ______. A. That is all right B. Not too bad C. It’s nothing D. Sounds good 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查交际用语。——嗨，露西！很高兴见到你。一切都好吗？——还不错。A. That is all right没关系；B. Not too bad还不错；C. It’s nothing没什么；D. Sounds good听起来不错。根据前文说话者询问近况，B选项“Not too bad(还不错)”符合语境。故选B。 8. If you want to achieve something, you should work hard and make enough preparations. Otherwise, you won’t ________ opportunities when they come. A. go about B. turn down C. look back on D. take advantage of 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果你想取得成就，你应该努力工作并做好充分的准备。否则，当机会来临时，你将无法利用它们。A. go about着手做，四处走动；B. turn down拒绝，调低；C. look back on回顾，回忆；D. take advantage of利用。根据“If you want to achieve something, you should work hard and make enough preparations. (如果你想取得成就，你应该努力工作并做好充分的准备)”以及本句中Otherwise可知，此处表示你应该做好充分准备，否则将无法利用机会，take advantage of符合语境。故选D。 9. Astronomers have taken the first-ever photo of a black hole, ______ is a great breakthrough in space exploration. A. which B. that C. who D. whose 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：天文学家拍摄了第一张黑洞照片，这是太空探索的一大突破。这里考查非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面的句子，关系词在从句中作主语，所以应用关系代词which。故选A项。 10. -Someone is knocking at the door. Is it William? -It________be William. He has gone to France for his holiday. A. mustn’t B. needn’t C. can’t D. shouldn’t 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词表推测。句意：-有人在敲门。是威廉吗？-不可能是威廉。他到法国度假去了。A. mustn’t禁止；B. needn’t不必；C. can’t不能；D. shouldn’t不应该。根据后文“He has gone to France for his holiday.”可知，此处表示强烈的否定推测，用can’t。故选C项。 11. David has been focusing on his lessons since he followed his father’s advice, and he ________ great progress in his study up to now. A. has made B. makes C. had made D. made 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：自从David听从他父亲的建议后，他就一直专注于他的功课，并且到目前为止他在学习上取得了很大的进步。make great progress“取得很大的进步”。根据up to now“到目前为止”可知，表示从过去某一时间点开始，一直持续到现在，并可能对现在产生影响，时态用现在完成时，主语he为第三人称单数，助动词用has，make的过去分词为made，谓语用has made。故选A。 12. Miss Green explained the complex phenomenon in a simple way ______ all of us could understand it. A. now that B. so that C. in that D. as if 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查连词。句意：格林小姐用一种简单的方式解释了复杂的现象，以便我们所有人都能理解它。A.now that.既然.；B. so that以便于；C.in that因为；D.as if好像。根据句意可知，此处表示目的，用so that引导目的状语从句，表示“以便”。故选B。 13. The foreign guest said he lived in ______ is called “Ancient Greece” and that he wrote many articles about the Olympic Games. A. what B. which C. where D. that 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：这位外宾说他生活在所谓的“古希腊”，他写了许多关于奥运会的文章。A. what什么；B. which哪一个；C. where哪儿；D. that不作成分无意义。设空处置于介词in之后，故引导的是宾语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，意为“……的事”用what。故选A。 14. When you read books in a library, you must obey the rules there to avoid ______ to leave. A. asking B. being asked C. asked D. having asked 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当你在图书馆看书时，你必须遵守那里的规则，避免被要求离开。此处为avoid doing sth.，设空处填动名词作avoid宾语，且主语you与ask构成逻辑上的被动关系，用动名词被动形式being asked。故选B。 15. The doctor advised the patient not to ________ his medication without professional guidance. A. study B. assess C. describe D. alter 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：医生建议病人在没有专业指导的情况下不要改变他的药物。A. study研究；B. assess评估；C. describe描述；D. alter改变。根据空前的“not”和空后的“his medication without professional guidance”可知，动词alter“改变”符合题意，匹配医生对病人的建议，表示“在没有专业指导的情况下不要改变他的药物”。故选D。 第二节完形填空(共20 小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16~35 各题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 I used to suffer from a severe anxiety disorder. To ____16____ drawing any attention to myself, I would speak as little as possible. I tried to ____17____ to be less shy as I grew older, but I was still horribly self-conscious. Sometimes, I’d want to say something, but I’d feel physically unable to speak when thinking that my words would cause people to notice my ____18____. One day, while I was playing in the playground with my family, I noticed two lovely young girls. I saw how ____19____ the elder one was, bossing her sister around. ____20____, she slapped her little sister, making the younger one throw herself onto the ground crying. The younger girl ____21____ to get up. I stood nearby, watching the sad girl. I was longing to ____22____ her but felt unable to. Then I thought, “What am I ____23____? Why do I need someone to give me ____24____ to do what I feel is right?” Without further ____25____, I walked over slowly and extended my hands, ____26____ to help the younger girl up. Then something ____27____ happened — she pulled me into a tight hug and I felt a profound ____28____ at that moment. The girl calmed down gradually. ____29____ not exchanging a single word, I knew that I had ____30____. After running off, the elder sister ____31____ with a man I took to be their father. She pointed at me ____32____. It occurred to me that the father would probably be angry at a(n) ____33____ hugging his child and might shout at me. Much to my surprise, he approached me and expressed his ____34____. That day, I ____35____ my great anxiety. I learned that if I can’t speak, I can take action, which is often easier. 16. A. consider B. imagine C. avoid D. try 17. A. pretend B. adapt C. happen D. forget 18. A. guilt B. excuse C. fault D. anxiety 19. A. ambitious B. impatient C. flexible D. dishonest 20. A. Immediately B. Eventually C. Suddenly D. Similarly 21. A. hurried B. refused C. managed D. preferred 22. A. reward B. observe C. instruct D. comfort 23. A. clearing up B. jumping at C. waiting for D. turning down 24. A. gratitude B. permission C. opportunity D. evidence 25. A. hesitation B. explanation C. information D. prediction 26. A. promising B. intending C. continuing D. agreeing 27. A. horrible B. familiar C. embarrassing D. unexpected 28. A. determination B. tolerance C. connection D. realization 29. A. Despite B. Before C. For D. Once 30. A. made a difference B. cut no ice C. borne no blame D. struck a balance 31. A. reappeared B. departed C. hid D. withdrew 32. A. cheerfully B. politely C. accusingly D. reluctantly 33. A. friend B. attendant C. neighbor D. stranger 34. A. insights B. regret C. apology D. thanks 35. A. heightened B. overcame C. experienced D. exhibited 【答案】16. C 17. A 18. D 19. B 20. C 21. B 22. D 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. A 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. D 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者克服严重焦虑障碍，通过行动帮助小女孩并获得认可的经历。 【16题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了避免引起任何人的注意，我会尽可能少说话。A. consider考虑；B. imagine想象；C. avoid避免；D. try尝试。根据上文“I used to suffer from a severe anxiety disorder”和下文“I would speak as little as possible”可知，作者曾经患有严重的焦虑症，作者尽可能少说话是为了避免引起注意。故选C。 【17题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着年龄的增长，我试图让自己不那么害羞，但我还是非常不自在。A. pretend假装；B. adapt适应；C. happen发生；D. forget忘记。根据下文“to be less shy”可知，作者试图假装让自己不那么害羞。pretend to do sth.为固定短语，意为“假装做某事”，此处指作者试图假装不害羞。故选A。 【18题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时候，我想说点什么，但一想到我的话会引起别人注意到我的焦虑，我就觉得说不出话来。A. guilt内疚；B. excuse借口；C. fault错误；D. anxiety焦虑。根据上文“I used to suffer from a severe anxiety disorder.”可知，作者患有严重的焦虑障碍，因此一想到说话会引起别人注意到自己的焦虑，就说不出话来。故选D。 【19题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我看到大一点的那个女孩多么没有耐心，对她的妹妹颐指气使。A. ambitious有雄心的；B. impatient没有耐心的；C. flexible灵活的；D. dishonest不诚实的。根据下文“bossing her sister around”可知，大一点的女孩对妹妹颐指气使，说明她没有耐心。故选B。 【20题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：突然，她打了她妹妹一巴掌，小妹妹哭着倒在地上。A. Immediately立即；B. Eventually最终；C. Suddenly突然；D. Similarly相似地。根据下文“she slapped her little sister”可知，大一点的女孩突然打了妹妹一巴掌。故选C。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：小女孩拒绝站起来。A. hurried匆忙；B. refused拒绝；C. managed设法；D. preferred更喜欢。根据下文“help the younger girl up”可知，下文描述作者帮助小女孩站起来，说明此处指她拒绝站起来。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很想安慰她，但觉得自己做不到。A. reward奖励；B. observe观察；C. instruct指导；D. comfort安慰。根据上文“I stood nearby, watching the sad girl.”可知，作者看到小女孩很伤心，很想安慰她。故选D。 【23题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后我想：我在等什么？A. clearing up清理；B. jumping at急于接受；C. waiting for等待；D. turning down调低。根据下文“Why do I need someone to give me ____ to do what I feel is right?”可知，作者问自己在等待什么，为什么需要别人允许自己做正确的事。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我觉得是对的事，为什么还需要别人允许我去做呢？A. gratitude感激；B. permission允许；C. opportunity机会；D. evidence证据。根据上文“Why do I need someone to give me”以及下文“to do what I feel is right”可知，因焦虑而不敢行动的作者，此前潜意识里总觉得需要他人认可才能做事，作者问自己为什么需要别人允许自己做正确的事。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我毫不犹豫地慢慢走过去，伸出双手，打算扶起那个小女孩。A. hesitation犹豫；B. explanation解释；C. information信息；D. prediction预测。根据下文“I walked over slowly and extended my hands”可知，作者不再迟疑，开始行动。without further hesitation为固定短语，意为“毫不犹豫地”。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. promising承诺；B. intending打算；C. continuing继续；D. agreeing同意。根据上文“extended my hands”以及下文“to help the younger girl up”可知，作者伸出双手，打算扶起小女孩。intend to do sth.为固定短语，意为“打算做某事”。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后发生了意想不到的事情——她紧紧地抱住了我，那一刻我感到了深深的联系。A. horrible可怕的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. embarrassing令人尴尬的；D. unexpected意想不到的。根据下文“she pulled me into a tight hug”可知，小女孩紧紧地抱住了作者，这是作者意想不到的事情。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. determination决心；B. tolerance容忍；C. connection联系；D. realization实现。根据上文“she pulled me into a tight hug”以及下文“The girl calmed down gradually.”可知，陌生的作者与小女孩通过拥抱产生了情感上的联系。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：尽管我们没有说一句话，但我知道我起到了作用。A. Despite尽管；B. Before在……之前；C. For为了；D. Once一旦。根据下文“not exchanging a single word”以及“I knew that I had”可知，前后文存在转折关系，尽管作者和小女孩没有说一句话，但作者知道自己起到了作用。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. made a difference起到作用；B. cut no ice没有影响；C. borne no blame没有受到责备；D. struck a balance取得平衡。根据上文“The girl calmed down gradually.”可知，小女孩逐渐平静下来，说明作者起到了作用。make a difference为固定短语，意为“起到作用”。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：姐姐跑开后，又和一个我认为是她父亲的男人一起重新出现了。A. reappeared重新出现；B. departed离开；C. hid隐藏；D. withdrew撤退。根据上文“After running off”和下文“with a man I took to be their father”可知，姐姐之前跑开，此处带着男人回来，即“重新出现”。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：她指责地指着我。A. cheerfully高兴地；B. politely礼貌地；C. accusingly指责地；D. reluctantly不情愿地。根据下文“It occurred to me that the father would probably be angry”可知，作者认为大姐姐的父亲可能会生气，说明大姐姐是指责地指着作者。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我突然想到，父亲可能会对一个陌生人拥抱他的孩子感到生气，可能会对我大喊大叫。A. friend朋友；B. attendant服务员；C. neighbor邻居；D. stranger陌生人。根据上文“with a man I took to be their father”以及下文“hugging his child”可知，作者不认识这个男人和他的孩子，因此这个男人对作者来说是陌生人。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我非常惊讶的是，他走近我，表达了感谢。A. insights洞察力；B. regret后悔；C. apology道歉；D. thanks感谢。根据上文“It occurred to me that the father would probably be angry at”、“Much to my surprise, he approached me and expressed his”可知，父亲的反应与作者预期的“生气”相反，应是感谢作者帮助他的女儿，这令作者惊讶。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天，我克服了严重的焦虑。A. heightened提高；B. overcame克服；C. experienced经历；D. exhibited展览。根据上文“I used to suffer from a severe anxiety disorder.”以及下文“my great anxiety. I learned that if I can’t speak, I can take action, which is often easier.”可知，作者曾经患有严重的焦虑障碍，但通过这次经历，作者学会了用行动来克服焦虑。故选B。 第二部分 阅读理解(共20小题，每小题2.5分，满分50分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Four Great Women in History Mother Teresa When Mother Teresa was young, she wanted to leave the convent (女修道院) to help the poor. Mother Teresa took courage and patiently applied to her superiors for permission to leave the convent to help the poor. But the superiors rejected her application. They thought there was little chance that women could let the poor get out of their suffering. Mother Teresa kept applying for a long time and was finally permitted. In 1950, she founded an organization that continues to serve the poor worldwide today. Eleanor Roosevelt “Do one thing every day that scares you,” wrote Eleanor. Her life was full of challenges. At a young age, Eleanor lost her parents. As the First Lady of the United States, she often delivered Franklin Roosevelt’s speeches, held press conferences, and appeared at campaign events. Being an outspoken force in the White House, Eleanor tried to use the media to advocate her opinions on things concerning the role and treatment of women in the workplace, which got great praise from The New York Times. Cleopatra Cleopatra was the last active ruler of Egypt’s Ptolemaic dynasty with an attractive appearance. She could speak a dozen languages and was a medical author and a smart diplomat (外交官). After Cleopatra connected with Mark Antony, Mark relied on her for military (军事的) aid. Once she personally led Egyptian warships into the battle alongside Mark ’s army but was defeated. Katharine Hepburn “If you obey all the rules, you miss all the fun,” Katharine said. Daring to refuse to follow society’s expectations of women, Katharine paved the way for other women to be independent and athletic, and even wear trousers. Playing strong-willed women in Hollywood, Katharine had a way of life that earned her a reputation as the 20th-century modern woman. She advised and inspired women, young and old, to be themselves and to push the boundaries. 36. Why did Mother Teresa’s superiors reject her application in the beginning? A. Because they cared about her safety B. Because they doubted her motivation. C. Because they had little concern about the poor. D. Because they doubted her ability to make a difference. 37. What made Eleanor Roosevelt get praise from The New York Times? A. Her courage to overcome many life challenges. B Her devotion to supporting the interests of women. C. Her regulations on workers’ role in the workplace. D. Her contribution to Franklin Roosevelt’s work. 38. What can we learn about Cleopatra? A. She showed little interest in politics. B. She was a pretty and intelligent woman. C. She was poor at leading a military operation. D. She and Mark Antony loved and supported each other. 39. What’s Katharine Hepburn’s suggestion to women? A. To break the conventional lifestyle. B. To be an excellent actress in Hollywood. C. To seek independence and good fortune. D. To live up to society’s expectations of women. 40. What common quality do the four women have? A. Being considerate. B. Being outgoing. C. Being brave. D. Being honest. 【答案】36. D 37. B 38. B 39. A 40. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了四位历史上伟大女性的生平事迹、主要成就以及她们所展现出的非凡品质。 36题详解】 细节理解题。根据Mother Teresa部分中“But the superiors rejected her application. They thought there was little chance that women could let the poor get out of their suffering.(但是上级拒绝了她的申请。他们认为女性让穷人摆脱痛苦的可能性很小。)”可知，Mother Teresa的上级起初拒绝她的申请是因为他们怀疑她能否带来改变。故选D。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据Eleanor Roosevelt部分中“Being an outspoken force in the White House, Eleanor tried to use the media to advocate her opinions on things concerning the role and treatment of women in the workplace, which got great praise from The New York Times.(作为白宫中直言不讳的力量，Eleanor试图利用媒体宣传她对职场女性角色和待遇的看法，这得到了《纽约时报》的高度赞扬。)”可知，Elcanor Roosevelt致力于维护女性的利益，这一点得到了《纽约时报》的赞扬。故选B。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据Cleopatra部分中“Cleopatra was the last active ruler of Egypt’s Ptolemaic dynasty with an attractive appearance. She could speak a dozen languages and was a medical author and a smart diplomat (外交官).(Cleopatra是埃及Ptolemaic王朝最后一位活跃的统治者，有着迷人的外表。她会说十几种语言，是一位医学作家和聪明的外交官。)”可知，Cleopatra既美丽又聪明。故选B。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据Katharine Hepburn部分中“Daring to refuse to follow society’s expectations of women, Katharine paved the way for other women to be independent and athletic, and even wear trousers.(Katharine敢于拒绝遵循社会对女性的期望，为其他女性走向独立和富于运动精神，甚至穿裤子铺平了道路。)”以及“She advised and inspired women, young and old, to be themselves and to push the boundaries.(她建议并激励各个年龄段的女性做自己，突破界限。)”可知，Katharine建议女性打破传统的生活方式。故选A。 【40题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据Mother Teresa部分中“Mother Teresa took courage and patiently applied to her superiors for permission to leave the convent to help the poor.(Mother Teresa鼓起勇气，耐心地向上级申请离开修道院去帮助穷人。)”；Eleanor Roosevelt部分中“Her life was full of challenges.(她的生活充满了挑战。)”；Cleopatra部分中“Once she personally led Egyptian warships into the battle alongside Mark’s army but was defeated.(有一次，她亲自率领埃及战舰与马克的军队并肩作战，但被打败了。)”以及Katharine Hepburn部分中“Daring to refuse to follow society’s expectations of women, Katharine paved the way for other women to be independent and athletic, and even wear trousers.(Katharine敢于拒绝遵循社会对女性的期望，为其他女性走向独立和富于运动精神，甚至穿裤子铺平了道路。)”可知，这四位女性都表现出了勇敢的品质。故选C。 B Generation Z (or Gen Z, Americans born during the late 1990s and early 2000s) are making a significant impact on the world. 62% of them say they want to start their own business or that they already have. We shouldn’t be surprised by the start-up desires of the generation that have grown up digitally connected to the wider world. They have an audience literally at their fingertips if they can come up with a persuasive content and product ecosystem that people want to buy into. Destiny Snow is one such teen. Snow and her sister grew up watching their mother own and operate her income tax and accounting business, in addition to her real estate company. “It’s much easier to believe that something can be done after seeing it done,” says Snow. “Seeing my mother overcome her difficulties and achieve her goals encouraged me to go into business for myself as well.” When Snow first launched her online store, she was surprised that her business was quite sluggish. “I anticipated many customers, especially my friends and family rushing to buy what I was selling, but that wasn’t the case. Lack of their support discouraged me at the time,” she admits. Instead of giving up, she took a break to analyze her approach. “I knew I had the ability to run a successful business, I just needed to figure out what I was doing wrong. I watched countless marketing videos, reviewed success stories, read business articles and ordered piles of business books,” she says. “Soon I realized I needed to identify my target audience and make use of social media marketing. To succeed in running a company, I have to win the hearts and minds of total strangers,” says Snow. Her realization as well as quick and proper adjustment eventually made her a successful teen entrepreneur. As more and more entrepreneurs enter the marketplace to deliver their unique products and services to the world, the opportunities to succeed will still be out there, although they’ll be harder to seize. 41. What can we learn about Generation Z from paragraph 1? A. They are open to different views. B. They are practical and financially aware. C. They are mindful of environmental issues. D. They are easily accessible to the outside world. 42. What is the second paragraph mainly about? A. The educational background of Snow and her sister. B. The inspiration for Snow’s becoming an entrepreneur. C. The secret to Snow’s mother’s success in her business. D. The harmonious relationship between Snow’s family members. 43. What does the underlined word “sluggish” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Reliable. B. Slow-moving. C. Changeable. D. Long-lasting. 44. What does her approach to her initial failure reveal about effective problem solving in business? A. Immediate product changes are more important than market research. B. Relying on external advice without personal effort leads to dependency. C. Short-term breaks from business activities do harm to long-term success. D. Analysis and self-education can transform challenges into opportunities. 45. Which of the following words can best describe Snow? A. Careful and patient. B. Generous and honest. C. Decisive and flexible. D. Adventurous and innovative. 【答案】41. D 42. B 43. B 44. D 45. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Z世代代表Destiny Snow的创业故事，她受到母亲榜样力量的激励，开创自己的企业，面对失败及时学习并调整策略，最终获得成功。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“We shouldn’t be surprised by the start-up desires of the generation that have grown up digitally connected to the wider world. (我们不应惊讶于这一代人的创业欲望，因为他们是在数字化的环境中成长的，与更广阔的世界紧密相连)”可知，Z世代容易接触外部世界。故选D项。 【42题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段中“Snow and her sister grew up watching their mother own and operate her income tax and accounting business, in addition to her real estate company. “It’s much easier to believe that something can be done after seeing it done,” says Snow. “Seeing my mother overcome her difficulties and achieve her goals encouraged me to go into business for myself as well.” (Snow和她的妹妹在成长过程中看着她们的母亲拥有并经营她的所得税和会计业务，以及她的房地产公司。Snow说：“在看到事情成功后，人们更容易相信事情是可以做到的。看到母亲克服了困难，实现了目标，这也鼓励了我自己创业。”)”可知，本段讲述了Snow的成长中受母亲创业的榜样激励，自己也成为了一名企业家，所以说本段在解释了她创业的灵感来源。故选B项。 【43题详解】 词句猜测题。根据画线词的下文“I anticipated many customers, especially my friends and family rushing to buy what I was selling, but that wasn’t the case. (我预计会有很多顾客，尤其是我的朋友和家人，争先恐后地买我卖的东西，但事实并非如此)”可知，Snow的生意一开始并没有很多顾客，进展缓慢，画线词意为“缓慢的，不景气的”，与Slow-moving“动作缓慢的”意思相近。A. Reliable可靠的；C. Changeable多变的；D. Long-lasting持久的。故选B项。 【44题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“I watched countless marketing videos, reviewed success stories, read business articles and ordered piles of business books (我看了无数的营销视频，回顾了成功案例，阅读了商业文章，订购了成堆的商业书籍)”和“Soon I realized I needed to identify my target audience and make use of social media marketing. To succeed in running a company, I have to win the hearts and minds of total strangers (很快我意识到我需要确定我的目标受众，并利用社交媒体营销。要成功经营一家公司，我必须赢得完全陌生的人的心)”可知，面对失败，Snow通过自学调整商业策略，最终成功。这表明，商业中有效解决问题的关键是利用分析和自我教育，将挑战转化为机遇。故选D项。 【45题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Instead of giving up, she took a break to analyze her approach. (她没有放弃，而是停下来分析自己的方法)”和第四段中“Soon I realized I needed to identify my target audience and make use of social media marketing. (很快我意识到我需要确定我的目标受众，并利用社交媒体营销)”可知，Snow面对失败迅速决定学习调整，及时改变策略，利用社交媒体营销，这些体现了她的果断和灵活。故选C项。 C Fresh peas often take so long to reach grocery stores that they usually lose their original flavor and texture (质地) when you eat them. Frozen peas, which are frozen within hours of being picked, keep their sweetness and crispness, not to mention their bright color. While people in cold climates have been preserving food by freezing for longer than we probably can record, in the early 20th century, processed food companies had a lot to learn when it came to making defrosted (解冻的) fish and other foodstuffs delicious. Frozen food always took on a depressingly mushy texture (糊状质地). The idea of making food eatable for the future by freezing had been appealing for quite some time. Sir Francis Bacon, the famous statesman who is behind what we now call the scientific method — in which an observation leads to a question that can be tested-conducted a food — freezing experiment in 1626. Bacon noticed food could be stored longer in winter, so he had a chicken’s body stuffed with snow to see if it would be well preserved. His death soon after prohibited him from continuing the experiment, but the concept had legs. A turning point in the frozen food industry’s history came when Clarence Birdseye, a naturalist, lived in Labrador between 1912 and 1915. There he learned about the customs of the Inuit, who would go ice fishing and then let their catch immediately freeze in the very cold air. When this frozen fish, which was left out in the cold, was eventually cooked, it tasted fresh and delicious. He applied the same method to cabbages, and it worked wonderfully. Later, Birdseye launched a series of inventions using the idea of quick freezing. However, frozen food didn’t find its feet then. Large numbers of Americans first tasted frozen food in the 1940s, during World War II, when there was a shortage of canned goods. Even more significant was the fact that while men were off fighting, women took jobs outside the home, causing them to seek faster ways to fix meals. It took trial and error to discover the foods that froze well and to improve refrigeration in transportation systems, in stores, and in people’s homes. 46. What challenge did processed food companies face in the early 20th century? A. To promote sales of frozen products. B. To harvest ripe vegetables in a short time. C. To keep the original color of frozen products. D. To preserve the flavor and texture of defrosted food. 47. What was the purpose of Sir Francis Bacon’s experiment in 1626? A. To study the properties of snow. B. To test food preservation by freezing C. To find the best way of preserving food. D. To improve a traditional scientific method. 48. What did Clarence Birdseye learn from the Inuit? A. Cooking skills mattered a lot to flavor. B. Ice fishing could be a health-giving activity. C. Quick freezing helped keep food’s favor and freshness. D. Certain frozen products offered superior taste and quality. 49. What did World War II mean to frozen food? A. It drove a great increase in frozen food consumption. B. It resulted in a sudden rise in the price of frozen food. C. It posed a challenge to the transportation of frozen food. D. It redirected frozen food producers’ focus to canned goods. 50. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. The Challenges and Misunderstandings of Frozen Food B. Frozen Food:A Good Alternative to Fresh Food C. The History and Development of Frozen Food D. Clarence Birdseye: A Pioneer of Frozen Food 【答案】46. D 47. B 48. C 49. A 50. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了冷冻食品的历史与发展，包括早期面临的挑战、关键实验与发明以及在二战期间的普及等。 【46题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“While people in cold climates have been preserving food by freezing for longer than we probably can record, in the early 20th century, processed food companies had a lot to learn when it came to making defrosted (解冻的) fish and other foodstuffs delicious. Frozen food always took on a depressingly mushy texture (糊状质地).(尽管寒冷地区的人们使用冷冻法保存食物的历史已不可考，但在20世纪早期，加工食品企业要想让解冻后的鱼类及其他食材保持美味，仍有很多需要探索的地方。那时的冷冻食品，质地总会变得软烂，让人提不起食欲)”可知，20世纪初，加工食品公司面临的挑战是保留解冻食品的风味和质地。故选D。 【47题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Sir Francis Bacon, the famous statesman who is behind what we now call the scientific method — in which an observation leads to a question that can be tested-conducted a food — freezing experiment in 1626. Bacon noticed food could be stored longer in winter, so he had a chicken’s body stuffed with snow to see if it would be well preserved. (弗朗西斯·培根爵士，这位著名的政治家，我们现在所说的科学方法的奠基人——在这种方法中，观察会引发一个可以测试的问题——在1626年进行了一项食物冷冻实验。培根注意到食物在冬天可以保存更长时间，所以他让一只鸡的身体里塞满雪，看看它是否能保存得很好)”可知，弗朗西斯·培根爵士1626年进行实验的目的是测试冷冻保存食物的方法。故选B。 【48题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“A turning point in the frozen food industry’s history came when Clarence Birdseye, a naturalist, lived in Labrador between 1912 and 1915. There he learned about the customs of the Inuit, who would go ice fishing and then let their catch immediately freeze in the very cold air. When this frozen fish, which was left out in the cold, was eventually cooked, it tasted fresh and delicious.(冷冻食品行业历史上的一个转折点出现在自然学家克拉伦斯·伯德赛于1912年至1915年间居住在拉布拉多时。在那里，他了解了因纽特人的习俗，他们会去冰上钓鱼，然后让他们的捕获物立即在非常寒冷的空气中冷冻。当这条在寒冷中放置的冷冻鱼最终被煮熟时，味道鲜美可口)”可知，克拉伦斯·伯德赛从因纽特人那里学到的是快速冷冻有助于保持食物的风味和新鲜度。故选C。 【49题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中“Large numbers of Americans first tasted frozen food in the 1940s, during World War II, when there was a shortage of canned goods. Even more significant was the fact that while men were off fighting, women took jobs outside the home, causing them to seek faster ways to fix meals.(在20世纪40年代，第二次世界大战期间，大量美国人首次品尝了冷冻食品，当时罐头食品短缺。更重要的一个事实是，当男人们外出打仗时，女人们外出工作，这使得她们寻求更快的方法来做饭)”可知，二战期间罐头食品短缺，女性外出工作需要更快的方法做饭，这意味着冷冻食品的消费量大幅增加。故选A。 【50题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第二段“While people in cold climates have been preserving food by freezing for longer than we probably can record, in the early 20th century, processed food companies had a lot to learn when it came to making defrosted (解冻的) fish and other foodstuffs delicious. Frozen food always took on a depressingly mushy texture (糊状质地).(尽管寒冷地区的人们使用冷冻法保存食物的历史已不可考，但在20世纪早期，加工食品企业要想让解冻后的鱼类及其他食材保持美味，仍有很多需要探索的地方。那时的冷冻食品，质地总会变得软烂，让人提不起食欲)”、第四段中“A turning point in the frozen food industry’s history came when Clarence Birdseye, a naturalist, lived in Labrador between 1912 and 1915.(冷冻食品行业历史上的一个转折点出现在自然学家克拉伦斯·伯德赛于1912年至1915年间居住在拉布拉多时)”可知，本文主要讲述了冷冻食品的历史与发展，包括早期面临的挑战、关键实验与发明以及在二战期间的普及等，所以C选项“The History and Development of Frozen Food(冷冻食品的历史与发展)”最符合文章主旨。故选C。 D Sharing is considered an altruistic (利他的) behavior. Altruism is an action that benefits the receiver but not the giver. Donating blood, for example, can be considered altruistic because the donor sacrifices (牺牲) a vital bodily liquid. But other than feeling proud, the donor doesn’t receive anything in exchange for that. Humans are social creatures and have developed to rely on each other for survival, but some scholars have debated whether humans are truly altruistic or have other motivations, such as the need to feel good about themselves. Scholars have also debated the role of altruism in animal behavior. Charles Darwin struggled to fit altruism into his theory of natural selection because he knew some species made sacrifices without any personal benefit. With honeybees, for example, some bees postponed reproducing their own children in order to support others’ young. In 1964, another naturalist put forward an explanation — known as “Hamilton’s Rule”. This theory explained that there was an inborn drive to pass on genetic material, and that drive motivated altruistic behavior in sharing resources with blood relations in need. Hamilton’s Rule has been used to explain altruistic behavior in animals, as well as humans. Experts have debated the theory, as it fails to pay attention to how social ranks might force sharing behavior. In a 1984 study, biologist Gerald S. Wilkinson observed that when a wild vampire bat who failed to feed returned, they may ask for a blood donation. If another bat was willing to make a donation, the two would put their heads together so the hungry bat could feed on blood from the other’s mouth;otherwise, it would push the other bat away or simply turn away. However, females only shared with females, while males were not included unless they were still young. Mean bats weren’t part of the sharing network and were often turned down. So what makes a bat sacrifice its blood? Reciprocity (相互性). “The advantage of sharing increases the potential that there will be someone to repay them in the future,” Wilkinson says. In a follow-up study, Wilkinson found that most of the sharing pairs,almost 67 percent, were genetically unrelated, which apparently contravenes the fundamental assumptions of Hamilton’s Rule. 51. How does the author introduce the topic of the text in the opening paragraph? A. By explaining a concept through a real-world case. B. By introducing a behavior with a fictional situation. C. By presenting an opposing view to attract readers. D. By arguing against a common misunderstanding. 52. The primary purpose of the honeybee example is to ______ . A. contrast animals’ altruism and humans’ B. show the social structures of honeybees C. challenge Darwin’s natural selection theory D. demonstrate resource sharing among species 53. Which of the following matches the core of Hamilton’s Rule? A. Altruism is a learned behavior in animals. B. Animals tend to share during emergencies. C. Altruism occurs among biological relatives. D. Animals share to maintain their social status. 54. What mainly drives vampire bats’ altruistic behavior? A. Genetic relatedness. B. Age-based social ranks. C. Gender-based competition. D. Social benefits from each other. 55. What does the underlined word “contravenes” mean in the last paragraph? A. Emphasizes. B. Goes against. C. Publicizes. D. Reflects upon. 【答案】51. A 52. C 53. C 54. D 55. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了分享被视为利他行为，学者就人类与动物是否真正具有利他性展开争论，并介绍了相关理论及研究。 51题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Sharing is considered an altruistic (利他的) behavior. Altruism is an action that benefits the receiver but not the giver. Donating blood, for example, can be considered altruistic because the donor sacrifices (牺牲) a vital bodily liquid.(分享被认为是一种利他行为。利他主义是一种对接受者有益但对给予者无益的行为。例如，献血可以被认为是一种利他行为，因为献血者牺牲了一种重要的体液)”可知，作者通过献血这个现实案例来解释利他主义这个概念，从而引入文章主题。故选A。 【52题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Charles Darwin struggled to fit altruism into his theory of natural selection because he knew some species made sacrifices without any personal benefit. With honeybees, for example, some bees postponed reproducing their own children in order to support others’ young.(查尔斯・达尔文难以将利他主义纳入其自然选择理论，因为他发现有些物种会做出牺牲，却无法从中获得任何个人利益。以蜜蜂为例，部分蜜蜂会推迟繁衍后代，转而协助抚育其他蜜蜂的幼虫)”可知，蜜蜂案例是为了说明“有些物种存在无个人利益的牺牲行为”，进而体现达尔文理论在解释利他行为时的困境，即挑战其理论。故选C。 【53题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“In 1964, another naturalist put forward an explanation — known as “Hamilton’s Rule” . This theory explained that there was an inborn drive to pass on genetic material, and that drive motivated altruistic behavior in sharing resources with blood relations in need. Hamilton’s Rule has been used to explain altruistic behavior in animals, as well as humans.(1964年，另一位博物学家提出了一个解释——被称为“Hamilton’s Rule”。这一理论解释说，有一种与生俱来的传递遗传物质的驱动力，这种驱动力激发了与有需要的亲属分享资源的利他行为。汉密尔顿法则已被用于解释动物和人类的利他行为)”可知，汉密尔顿法则的核心是利他行为发生在有血缘关系的亲属之间。故选C。 【54题详解】 细节理解题。根据第六段中“So what makes a bat sacrifice its blood? Reciprocity (相互性). “The advantage of sharing increases the potential that there will be someone to repay them in the future,” Wilkinson says.(那么是什么让蝙蝠牺牲自己的血液呢？相互性。威尔金森说：“分享的好处增加了未来有人会回报他们的可能性。”)”可知，吸血蝙蝠的利他行为主要是由相互性驱动的，即从彼此的社会利益中获得的。故选D。 【55题详解】 词句猜测题。根据最后一段“In a follow-up study, Wilkinson found that most of the sharing pairs,almost 67 percent, were genetically unrelated, which apparently contravenes the fundamental assumptions of Hamilton’s Rule.(在后续研究中，威尔金森发现，大多数分享对，近67%，在基因上没有关联，这显然contravenes汉密尔顿法则的基本假)”并结合上文提到“汉密尔顿法则”认为利他行为发生在有血缘关系的亲属间可知，威尔金森的发现违背了汉密尔顿法则的基本假设，此处contravenes“违背”与Goes against意思相近。故选B。 第三部分 写作(共两节，满分35分) 第一节 阅读表达(共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分) 阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 There we were posing with our matching leotards (舞蹈服) in the living room — my four-year-old granddaughter Carolyn and I. As I looked down, I noticed that Carolyn had her toes pointed and arms extended, and she smiled from ear to ear. Never had I guessed that I would be dancing at seventy with my granddaughter beside me and that I would be called “Dancing Grammy”. In the past, I usually saw my grandchildren on holidays. When I did visit them, the children loved to have me dance and show them a few steps. They would wear homemade costumes and do a show for their mommies and daddies. We would perform many times during my visit. It wasn’t until I moved to Indiana and lived close to Carolyn that I acquired my full-time student. She wanted to learn new steps all the time and understood them quickly. She tried to teach me, too. I always wanted to do the splits (劈叉), and Carolyn, who could literally jump into them both ways, worked very hard to help me do that. For our first performance, Carolyn and I decided to do something simple. We wore matching costumes — black velvet (天鹅绒) leotards with little skirts, lots of bling, feathered hats, and shimmering dancing hose. We took center stage in the middle of a beach house at a family reunion later in the year, and we were quite a hit. From then on, we were invited to give lots of performances, sometimes at nursing homes, and other times at festival celebrations and other places. Now Carolyn is teaching and performing dances while awaiting a call from a school on the East Coast that prepares dancers for companies. All this recognition couldn’t have happened to a more deserving young lady. Not only does Carolyn have talent, but also she has the spirit of never giving up. You may not believe she is a dancer, with an artificial arm! 56. How did Carolyn probably feel when dancing with the author? (no more than 5 words) __________________________________________________ 57. What did the author do when visiting her grandchildren? (no more than 10 words) __________________________________________________ 58. When did Carolyn start to learn to dance from the author full-time? (no more than 10 words) __________________________________________________ 59. What does the underlined part in paragraph 4 probably mean? (no more than 8 words) __________________________________________________ 60. What do you think of Carolyn? Why? (no more than 20 words) __________________________________________________ 【答案】56. Very happy/Excited. 57. Danced and showed them a few steps. 58. After the author moved to Indiana. 59. We were very successful. 60. She is talented and never gives up because she has an artificial arm but still dances well. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者与四岁孙女Carolyn因舞蹈结缘，从共同表演到Carolyn成为优秀舞者的温馨故事。 【56题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第一段中“As I looked down, I noticed that Carolyn had her toes pointed and arms extended, and she smiled from ear to ear.(我低头一看，发现Carolyn踮着脚尖、伸着胳膊，笑得合不拢嘴)”可知，Carolyn跳舞时感到非常开心。故答案为：Very happy/Excited. 【57题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第二段中“When I did visit them, the children loved to have me dance and show them a few steps.(当我去看望他们时，孩子们喜欢让我跳舞，并教他们几个舞步)”可知，作者看望孙辈时会跳舞并教他们舞步。故答案为：Danced and showed them a few steps. 【58题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第三段中“It wasn’t until I moved to Indiana and lived close to Carolyn that I acquired my full-time student.(直到我搬到印第安纳州，住得离Carolyn很近，我才有了全职学生)”可知，Carolyn是在作者搬到印第安纳州后开始全职学舞的。故答案为：After the author moved to Indiana. 【59题详解】 考查推理判断。根据第四段中“We took center stage in the middle of a beach house at a family reunion later in the year, and we were quite a hit. From then on, we were invited to give lots of performances, sometimes at nursing homes, and other times at festival celebrations and other places.(在那年晚些时候的一次家庭聚会上，我们登上了海边别墅的中心舞台，we were quite a hit。从那时起，我们被邀请去做很多表演，有时在养老院，有时在节日庆祝活动和其他地方)”可知，“we were quite a hit”意为表演非常成功，这才有了后文多次被邀请去做演出。故答案为：We were very successful. 【60题详解】 考查推理判断。根据最后一段中“Not only does Carolyn have talent, but also she has the spirit of never giving up. You may not believe she is a dancer, with an artificial arm!(Carolyn不仅有天赋，而且有永不放弃的精神！你可能不相信她是一个舞者，她还有一只假肢！)”可知，卡洛琳虽然有假肢，但依然坚持跳舞，体现了她的才华与毅力。故答案为She is talented and never gives up because she has an artificial arm but still dances well. 第二节 书面表达(满分25分) 61. 假定你是晨光中学的李华，你校将举办以生态旅游为话题的英语演讲比赛。请你以“Let’ s Promote Ecotourism”为题写一篇英文演讲稿参赛,内容包括： 1.当前趋势；2.你的观点；3.你的倡议。注意：1.词数 100左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Let’s Promote Ecotourism ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Let’s Promote Ecotourism Good morning, everyone! I’m Li Hua from Chenguang Middle School. Today, I’m thrilled to talk about ecotourism, a trend that’s gaining great popularity these days. Ecotourism is on the rise because people are becoming more aware of environmental protection. What attracts us is that it allows us to enjoy nature’s beauty while minimizing harm to the environment. In my opinion, ecotourism is not just a way of traveling; it’s a lifestyle that shows respect for nature. Here, I’d like to make some initiatives. First, we should choose ecotourism destinations where we can learn about local ecosystems. Second, when we travel, we must follow the rules, like not leaving any trash behind. What we do can make a big difference. Let’s all take action to promote ecotourism and protect our beautiful planet! Thank you! 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以《让我们促进生态旅游》为题，写一篇关于生态旅游的英文演讲稿，内容涵盖当前趋势、个人观点及倡议。 【详解】1.词汇积累 趋势：trend → tendency 吸引：attract → appeal to 选择：choose → select 垃圾：trash → rubbish 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：Ecotourism is on the rise because people are becoming more aware of environmental protection. 拓展句：It is because people are becoming more aware of environmental protection that ecotourism is on the rise. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Today, I’m thrilled to talk about ecotourism, a trend that’s gaining great popularity these days.（运用了that引导的限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】Ecotourism is on the rise because people are becoming more aware of environmental protection.（运用了because引导的原因状语从句） 听力 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the man want to know? A. Where the woman works out. B. How the woman stays fit. C. How to stay healthy. 2. What is the man interested in? A. Whether people in China bargain everywhere. B. How to get a better price when doing the shopping in China. C. Where Chinese people usually go shopping. 3. What's the most probable relationship between the two speakers? A. Old friends. B. Boss and secretary. C. Colleagues. 4. What do we know about the woman? A. She is severely stressed. B. She is the man's doctor. C She falls asleep easily. 5. When was the woman scheduled to go to China at first? A. This Friday. B. This Saturday. C. This Sunday. 第二节 听下面几段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8小题。 6 How does the woman sound? A. Excited. B. Upset. C. Interested. 7. What movies did the woman watch on the plane? A. Comedies. B. Romantic movies. C. Kungfu movies. 8. Why didn 't the man have a nice ride last time? A. Because it was uncomfortable for him to fall asleep. B. Because he forgot to take a book to read on the plane. C. Because two passengers kept bothering him with their talking. 听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11 小题。 9. What is the first tip given to the man by the woman? A. To replace his son's soda drinks with fruit juice. B. To ask his son to choose between soda and fruit juice. C. To set an example by changing his bad eating habits first. 10. What does the woman suggest the man do in her second tip? A. Give his son fruit instead of food with too much sugar. B. Tell his son the harm of eating too much junk food. C. Buy some biscuits for his son to eat in the house. 11. Who is most probably the woman? A. The man's son's doctor. B. The man's neighbor. C. The man's son's teacher. 听下面一段独白，回答第12 至第15 小题。 12. How much garbage does the average American produce per day? A. More than 4 pounds. B. More than 10 pounds. C. About 16 pounds. 13. How many plastic bottles do Americans use hourly? A.25 million. B.10 million. C. 2.5million. 14. What is the second thing mentioned by the speaker? A. Plastic. B. Glass. C. Paper. 15. What can be saved through recycling one ton of paper? A. Seventeen big trees in the forest. B. Energy to heat a home for six months. C. Energy to power a computer for 30 minutes. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 英语 学科 试卷 第一部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分) 第一节单项填空(共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. —Mary, I have seen the film Gone with the Wind. —Oh, really? ______. And I admire the leading character Scarlett for her courage. A. Good idea B. With pleasure C. So have I D. Neither have I 2. The response of the audience to his speech varied from total ______ to a warm welcome. A. gentleness B. embarrassment C. interaction D. rejection 3. Yesterday Mr Smith spoke at the meeting ________the manager, who was attending a more important meeting. A. in favour of B. in terms of C. in charge of D. in place of 4. Johnson, as well as his parents, ______ up early to work out in the park every morning, whether it is fine or rainy. A. gets B. get C. is getting D. are getting 5. To his great joy, the situation now is less ______ than he previously thought. A. optimistic B. complicated C. practical D. impressive 6. ______ very tired, she asked me whether we could stay at home instead of going for a picnic. A. Felt B. To feel C. Feeling D. To be felt 7. —Hi, Lucy! It’s good to see you. How is everything going? — ______. A. That is all right B. Not too bad C. It’s nothing D. Sounds good 8. If you want to achieve something you should work hard and make enough preparations. Otherwise, you won’t ________ opportunities when they come. A. go about B. turn down C. look back on D. take advantage of 9. Astronomers have taken the first-ever photo of a black hole, ______ is a great breakthrough in space exploration. A. which B. that C. who D. whose 10. -Someone is knocking at the door. Is it William? -It________be William. He has gone to France for his holiday. A. mustn’t B. needn’t C. can’t D. shouldn’t 11. David has been focusing on his lessons since he followed his father’s advice, and he ________ great progress in his study up to now. A. has made B. makes C. had made D. made 12. Miss Green explained the complex phenomenon in a simple way ______ all of us could understand it. A. now that B. so that C. in that D. as if 13. The foreign guest said he lived in ______ is called “Ancient Greece” and that he wrote many articles about the Olympic Games. A. what B. which C. where D. that 14. When you read books in a library, you must obey the rules there to avoid ______ to leave. A. asking B. being asked C. asked D. having asked 15. The doctor advised the patient not to ________ his medication without professional guidance. A. study B. assess C. describe D. alter 第二节完形填空(共20 小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16~35 各题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 I used to suffer from a severe anxiety disorder. To ____16____ drawing any attention to myself, I would speak as little as possible. I tried to ____17____ to be less shy as I grew older, but I was still horribly self-conscious. Sometimes, I’d want to say something, but I’d feel physically unable to speak when thinking that my words would cause people to notice my ____18____. One day, while I was playing in the playground with my family, I noticed two lovely young girls. I saw how ____19____ the elder one was, bossing her sister around. ____20____, she slapped her little sister, making the younger one throw herself onto the ground crying. The younger girl ____21____ to get up. I stood nearby, watching the sad girl. I was longing to ____22____ her but felt unable to. Then I thought, “What am I ____23____? Why do I need someone to give me ____24____ to do what I feel is right?” Without further ____25____, I walked over slowly and extended my hands, ____26____ to help the younger girl up. Then something ____27____ happened — she pulled me into a tight hug and I felt a profound ____28____ at that moment. The girl calmed down gradually. ____29____ not exchanging a single word, I knew that I had ____30____. After running off, the elder sister ____31____ with a man I took to be their father. She pointed at me ____32____. It occurred to me that the father would probably be angry at a(n) ____33____ hugging his child and might shout at me. Much to my surprise, he approached me and expressed his ____34____. That day, I ____35____ my great anxiety. I learned that if I can’t speak, I can take action, which is often easier. 16. A. consider B. imagine C. avoid D. try 17. A. pretend B. adapt C. happen D. forget 18. A. guilt B. excuse C. fault D. anxiety 19. A. ambitious B. impatient C. flexible D. dishonest 20. A. Immediately B. Eventually C. Suddenly D. Similarly 21. A. hurried B. refused C. managed D. preferred 22. A. reward B. observe C. instruct D. comfort 23. A. clearing up B. jumping at C. waiting for D. turning down 24. A. gratitude B. permission C. opportunity D. evidence 25. A. hesitation B. explanation C. information D. prediction 26. A. promising B. intending C. continuing D. agreeing 27. A. horrible B. familiar C. embarrassing D. unexpected 28. A. determination B. tolerance C. connection D. realization 29. A. Despite B. Before C. For D. Once 30 A. made a difference B. cut no ice C. borne no blame D. struck a balance 31. A. reappeared B. departed C. hid D. withdrew 32. A. cheerfully B. politely C. accusingly D. reluctantly 33. A. friend B. attendant C. neighbor D. stranger 34. A. insights B. regret C. apology D. thanks 35. A. heightened B. overcame C. experienced D. exhibited 第二部分 阅读理解(共20小题，每小题2.5分，满分50分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Four Great Women in History Mother Teresa When Mother Teresa was young, she wanted to leave the convent (女修道院) to help the poor. Mother Teresa took courage and patiently applied to her superiors for permission to leave the convent to help the poor. But the superiors rejected her application. They thought there was little chance that women could let the poor get out of their suffering. Mother Teresa kept applying for a long time and was finally permitted. In 1950, she founded an organization that continues to serve the poor worldwide today. Eleanor Roosevelt “Do one thing every day that scares you,” wrote Eleanor. Her life was full of challenges. At a young age, Eleanor lost her parents. As the First Lady of the United States, she often delivered Franklin Roosevelt’s speeches, held press conferences, and appeared at campaign events. Being an outspoken force in the White House, Eleanor tried to use the media to advocate her opinions on things concerning the role and treatment of women in the workplace, which got great praise from The New York Times. Cleopatra Cleopatra was the last active ruler of Egypt’s Ptolemaic dynasty with an attractive appearance. She could speak a dozen languages and was a medical author and a smart diplomat (外交官). After Cleopatra connected with Mark Antony, Mark relied on her for military (军事的) aid. Once she personally led Egyptian warships into the battle alongside Mark ’s army but was defeated. Katharine Hepburn “If you obey all the rules, you miss all the fun,” Katharine said. Daring to refuse to follow society’s expectations of women, Katharine paved the way for other women to be independent and athletic, and even wear trousers. Playing strong-willed women in Hollywood, Katharine had a way of life that earned her a reputation as the 20th-century modern woman. She advised and inspired women, young and old, to be themselves and to push the boundaries. 36. Why did Mother Teresa’s superiors reject her application in the beginning? A. Because they cared about her safety B. Because they doubted her motivation. C. Because they had little concern about the poor. D. Because they doubted her ability to make a difference. 37. What made Eleanor Roosevelt get praise from The New York Times? A. Her courage to overcome many life challenges. B. Her devotion to supporting the interests of women. C. Her regulations on workers’ role in the workplace. D. Her contribution to Franklin Roosevelt’s work. 38. What can we learn about Cleopatra? A. She showed little interest in politics. B. She was a pretty and intelligent woman. C. She was poor at leading a military operation. D She and Mark Antony loved and supported each other. 39. What’s Katharine Hepburn’s suggestion to women? A. To break the conventional lifestyle. B. To be an excellent actress in Hollywood. C. To seek independence and good fortune. D. To live up to society’s expectations of women. 40. What common quality do the four women have? A. Being considerate. B. Being outgoing. C. Being brave. D. Being honest. B Generation Z (or Gen Z, Americans born during the late 1990s and early 2000s) are making a significant impact on the world. 62% of them say they want to start their own business or that they already have. We shouldn’t be surprised by the start-up desires of the generation that have grown up digitally connected to the wider world. They have an audience literally at their fingertips if they can come up with a persuasive content and product ecosystem that people want to buy into. Destiny Snow is one such teen. Snow and her sister grew up watching their mother own and operate her income tax and accounting business, in addition to her real estate company. “It’s much easier to believe that something can be done after seeing it done,” says Snow. “Seeing my mother overcome her difficulties and achieve her goals encouraged me to go into business for myself as well.” When Snow first launched her online store she was surprised that her business was quite sluggish. “I anticipated many customers, especially my friends and family rushing to buy what I was selling, but that wasn’t the case. Lack of their support discouraged me at the time,” she admits. Instead of giving up, she took a break to analyze her approach. “I knew I had the ability to run a successful business, I just needed to figure out what I was doing wrong. I watched countless marketing videos, reviewed success stories, read business articles and ordered piles of business books,” she says. “Soon I realized I needed to identify my target audience and make use of social media marketing. To succeed in running a company, I have to win the hearts and minds of total strangers,” says Snow. Her realization as well as quick and proper adjustment eventually made her a successful teen entrepreneur. As more and more entrepreneurs enter the marketplace to deliver their unique products and services to the world, the opportunities to succeed will still be out there, although they’ll be harder to seize. 41. What can we learn about Generation Z from paragraph 1? A. They are open to different views. B. They are practical and financially aware. C. They are mindful of environmental issues. D. They are easily accessible to the outside world. 42. What is the second paragraph mainly about? A. The educational background of Snow and her sister. B. The inspiration for Snow’s becoming an entrepreneur. C. The secret to Snow’s mother’s success in her business. D. The harmonious relationship between Snow’s family members. 43. What does the underlined word “sluggish” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Reliable. B. Slow-moving. C. Changeable. D. Long-lasting. 44. What does her approach to her initial failure reveal about effective problem solving in business? A. Immediate product changes are more important than market research. B. Relying on external advice without personal effort leads to dependency. C. Short-term breaks from business activities do harm to long-term success. D. Analysis and self-education can transform challenges into opportunities. 45. Which of the following words can best describe Snow? A. Careful and patient. B. Generous and honest. C. Decisive and flexible. D. Adventurous and innovative. C Fresh peas often take so long to reach grocery stores that they usually lose their original flavor and texture (质地) when you eat them. Frozen peas, which are frozen within hours of being picked, keep their sweetness and crispness, not to mention their bright color. While people in cold climates have been preserving food by freezing for longer than we probably can record, in the early 20th century, processed food companies had a lot to learn when it came to making defrosted (解冻的) fish and other foodstuffs delicious. Frozen food always took on a depressingly mushy texture (糊状质地). The idea of making food eatable for the future by freezing had been appealing for quite some time. Sir Francis Bacon, the famous statesman who is behind what we now call the scientific method — in which an observation leads to a question that can be tested-conducted a food — freezing experiment in 1626. Bacon noticed food could be stored longer in winter, so he had a chicken’s body stuffed with snow to see if it would be well preserved. His death soon after prohibited him from continuing the experiment, but the concept had legs. A turning point in the frozen food industry’s history came when Clarence Birdseye, a naturalist, lived in Labrador between 1912 and 1915. There he learned about the customs of the Inuit, who would go ice fishing and then let their catch immediately freeze in the very cold air. When this frozen fish, which was left out in the cold, was eventually cooked, it tasted fresh and delicious. He applied the same method to cabbages, and it worked wonderfully. Later, Birdseye launched a series of inventions using the idea of quick freezing. However, frozen food didn’t find its feet then. Large numbers of Americans first tasted frozen food in the 1940s, during World War II, when there was a shortage of canned goods. Even more significant was the fact that while men were off fighting, women took jobs outside the home, causing them to seek faster ways to fix meals. It took trial and error to discover the foods that froze well and to improve refrigeration in transportation systems, in stores, and in people’s homes. 46. What challenge did processed food companies face in the early 20th century? A. To promote sales of frozen products. B. To harvest ripe vegetables in a short time. C. To keep the original color of frozen products. D. To preserve the flavor and texture of defrosted food. 47. What was the purpose of Sir Francis Bacon’s experiment in 1626? A. To study the properties of snow. B. To test food preservation by freezing C. To find the best way of preserving food. D. To improve a traditional scientific method. 48. What did Clarence Birdseye learn from the Inuit? A. Cooking skills mattered a lot to flavor. B. Ice fishing could be a health-giving activity. C. Quick freezing helped keep food’s favor and freshness. D. Certain frozen products offered superior taste and quality. 49. What did World War II mean to frozen food? A. It drove a great increase in frozen food consumption. B. It resulted in a sudden rise in the price of frozen food. C. It posed a challenge to the transportation of frozen food. D. It redirected frozen food producers’ focus to canned goods. 50. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. The Challenges and Misunderstandings of Frozen Food B. Frozen Food:A Good Alternative to Fresh Food C. The History and Development of Frozen Food D. Clarence Birdseye: A Pioneer of Frozen Food D Sharing is considered an altruistic (利他的) behavior. Altruism is an action that benefits the receiver but not the giver. Donating blood, for example, can be considered altruistic because the donor sacrifices (牺牲) a vital bodily liquid. But other than feeling proud, the donor doesn’t receive anything in exchange for that. Humans are social creatures and have developed to rely on each other for survival, but some scholars have debated whether humans are truly altruistic or have other motivations, such as the need to feel good about themselves. Scholars have also debated the role of altruism in animal behavior. Charles Darwin struggled to fit altruism into his theory of natural selection because he knew some species made sacrifices without any personal benefit. With honeybees, for example, some bees postponed reproducing their own children in order to support others’ young. In 1964, another naturalist put forward an explanation — known as “Hamilton’s Rule”. This theory explained that there was an inborn drive to pass on genetic material, and that drive motivated altruistic behavior in sharing resources with blood relations in need. Hamilton’s Rule has been used to explain altruistic behavior in animals, as well as humans. Experts have debated the theory, as it fails to pay attention to how social ranks might force sharing behavior. In a 1984 study, biologist Gerald S. Wilkinson observed that when a wild vampire bat who failed to feed returned, they may ask for a blood donation. If another bat was willing to make a donation, the two would put their heads together so the hungry bat could feed on blood from the other’s mouth;otherwise, it would push the other bat away or simply turn away. However, females only shared with females, while males were not included unless they were still young. Mean bats weren’t part of the sharing network and were often turned down. So what makes a bat sacrifice its blood? Reciprocity (相互性). “The advantage of sharing increases the potential that there will be someone to repay them in the future,” Wilkinson says. In a follow-up study, Wilkinson found that most of the sharing pairs,almost 67 percent, were genetically unrelated, which apparently contravenes the fundamental assumptions of Hamilton’s Rule. 51. How does the author introduce the topic of the text in the opening paragraph? A. By explaining a concept through a real-world case. B. By introducing a behavior with a fictional situation. C. By presenting an opposing view to attract readers. D. By arguing against a common misunderstanding. 52. The primary purpose of the honeybee example is to ______ . A. contrast animals’ altruism and humans’ B. show the social structures of honeybees C. challenge Darwin’s natural selection theory D. demonstrate resource sharing among species 53. Which of the following matches the core of Hamilton’s Rule? A. Altruism is a learned behavior in animals. B. Animals tend to share during emergencies. C. Altruism occurs among biological relatives. D. Animals share to maintain their social status. 54. What mainly drives vampire bats’ altruistic behavior? A. Genetic relatedness. B. Age-based social ranks. C. Gender-based competition. D. Social benefits from each other. 55. What does the underlined word “contravenes” mean in the last paragraph? A. Emphasizes. B. Goes against. C. Publicizes. D. Reflects upon. 第三部分 写作(共两节，满分35分) 第一节 阅读表达(共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分) 阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 There we were posing with our matching leotards (舞蹈服) in the living room — my four-year-old granddaughter Carolyn and I. As I looked down, I noticed that Carolyn had her toes pointed and arms extended, and she smiled from ear to ear. Never had I guessed that I would be dancing at seventy with my granddaughter beside me and that I would be called “Dancing Grammy”. In the past, I usually saw my grandchildren on holidays. When I did visit them, the children loved to have me dance and show them a few steps. They would wear homemade costumes and do a show for their mommies and daddies. We would perform many times during my visit. It wasn’t until I moved to Indiana and lived close to Carolyn that I acquired my full-time student. She wanted to learn new steps all the time and understood them quickly. She tried to teach me, too. I always wanted to do the splits (劈叉), and Carolyn, who could literally jump into them both ways, worked very hard to help me do that. For our first performance, Carolyn and I decided to do something simple. We wore matching costumes — black velvet (天鹅绒) leotards with little skirts, lots of bling, feathered hats, and shimmering dancing hose. We took center stage in the middle of a beach house at a family reunion later in the year, and we were quite a hit. From then on, we were invited to give lots of performances, sometimes at nursing homes, and other times at festival celebrations and other places. Now Carolyn is teaching and performing dances while awaiting a call from a school on the East Coast that prepares dancers for companies. All this recognition couldn’t have happened to a more deserving young lady. Not only does Carolyn have talent, but also she has the spirit of never giving up. You may not believe she is a dancer, with an artificial arm! 56. How did Carolyn probably feel when dancing with the author? (no more than 5 words) __________________________________________________ 57. What did the author do when visiting her grandchildren? (no more than 10 words) __________________________________________________ 58. When did Carolyn start to learn to dance from the author full-time? (no more than 10 words) __________________________________________________ 59. What does the underlined part in paragraph 4 probably mean? (no more than 8 words) __________________________________________________ 60. What do you think of Carolyn? Why? (no more than 20 words) __________________________________________________ 第二节 书面表达(满分25分) 61. 假定你是晨光中学的李华，你校将举办以生态旅游为话题的英语演讲比赛。请你以“Let’ s Promote Ecotourism”为题写一篇英文演讲稿参赛,内容包括： 1.当前趋势；2.你的观点；3.你的倡议。注意：1.词数 100左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Let’s Promote Ecotourism ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the man want to know? A. Where the woman works out. B. How the woman stays fit. C. How to stay healthy. 2. What is the man interested in? A. Whether people in China bargain everywhere. B. How to get a better price when doing the shopping in China. C. Where Chinese people usually go shopping. 3. What's the most probable relationship between the two speakers? A. Old friends. B. Boss and secretary. C. Colleagues. 4. What do we know about the woman? A. She is severely stressed. B. She is the man's doctor. C. She falls asleep easily. 5. When was the woman scheduled to go to China at first? A. This Friday. B. This Saturday. C. This Sunday. 第二节 听下面几段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8小题。 6. How does the woman sound? A. Excited. B. Upset. C. Interested. 7. What movies did the woman watch on the plane? A Comedies. B. Romantic movies. C. Kungfu movies. 8. Why didn 't the man have a nice ride last time? A. Because it was uncomfortable for him to fall asleep. B. Because he forgot to take a book to read on the plane. C. Because two passengers kept bothering him with their talking. 听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11 小题。 9. What is the first tip given to the man by the woman? A. To replace his son's soda drinks with fruit juice. B. To ask his son to choose between soda and fruit juice. C. To set an example by changing his bad eating habits first. 10. What does the woman suggest the man do in her second tip? A. Give his son fruit instead of food with too much sugar. B. Tell his son the harm of eating too much junk food. C. Buy some biscuits for his son to eat in the house. 11. Who is most probably the woman? A. The man's son's doctor. B. The man's neighbor. C. The man's son's teacher. 听下面一段独白，回答第12 至第15 小题。 12. How much garbage does the average American produce per day? A. More than 4 pounds. B. More than 10 pounds. C. About 16 pounds. 13. How many plastic bottles do Americans use hourly? A.25 million. B.10 million. C. 2.5million. 14. What is the second thing mentioned by the speaker? A. Plastic. B. Glass. C. Paper. 15. What can be saved through recycling one ton of paper? A. Seventeen big trees in the forest. B. Energy to heat a home for six months. C. Energy to power a computer for 30 minutes. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $