模块二 核心单词 Q R-【一本】初中英语基础知识大盘点

变形pride n.自豪；骄傲[△take pride He questioned if you could do this..他对你 in..为…感到骄傲/自豪] 能否做此事表示怀疑。（question作动词) punish[3考]/'pA/y.处罚；惩罚 词块question+从句怀疑… Don't drive after drinking,or you will be question sb.about/on sth. punished. 提问某人某事 不要酒后驾驶，否则你会受到惩罚。 the answer to the question 词块punish sb.for(doing)sth, 这个问题的答案 分 因（做）某事而惩罚某人 变形punishment n.处罚；惩罚 模 块 purpose []/p3:(r)pas/n. 目的；目标 race[8考]/res/n.竞赛 What was the purpose of your journey to [生义]v.(和…)比赛 London?你去伦敦的目的是什么？ They came third in the race last year. 核心单词 词块the purpose of.…的目的 他们在去年的比赛中获得了第三名。 ·on purpose故意地 词块in the race在比赛中 put*[28考]/pot/v.放 ·race against和…比赛 Don't put your books here. rain*[s考/ren/.下雨n.雨水 不要把你的书放在这儿。 It started to rain 词块put away将…收起 开始下雨了。(rain作动词)》 ·put on穿上 There is lots of rain here every year ·put off推迟；延迟 每年这里雨水都很多。（rain作名词) ·put up张贴；搭建 变形)rainy adj.阴雨的；多雨的 put down写下；放下 raise[8考]/reIz/v.筹募；征集 put out扑灭；熄灭 [生义].养育；举起；提高 We are raising money for the school. 我们正在为这所学校筹钱。 quarter[2考]/kwo:(r)ta(r)/n.一刻 My father raised me on a farm. 钟；四分之一 我父亲在一座农场将我抚养长大。 The programme lasted an hour and a 词块raise money for为…筹钱 quarter..这个节目持续了一小时十五分钟。 reach[8考]/i:t/v.伸手；到达；抵达 词块)a quarter to+整点差一刻…点 They reached Beijing yesterday. ·a quarter past+整点…点一刻 他们昨天到达北京。 question*[64考]/kwestJan/m.问题 词块)reach for努力争取；伸手去拿 .表示疑问；怀疑；正式提问；质询 ready[18考]/'redi/ad.愿意的；准备好的 May I ask you a question? Right,we're ready to go. 我能问你一个问题吗？（question作名词) 对，我们准备好了，可以走了。 ◆047 词块be ready to do sth recognize[2考】/'rekagnaIz/,.认识；认 准备好做某事；愿意做某事 出；辨别出 新增 be/get ready for doing)sth. I recognized him as soon as he came in the 为（做）某事做好准备 room.他一进屋我就认出了他。 realize](BrE realise)/'alaz/, 词块recognize sb./sth.by/from sth. 第 通过某物辨别出某人/某物 /riralaIz/v.理解；领会；认识到 变形recognition n.认出；识别 分 [生义].实现 recommend [2)/reka'mend/v. 推荐； Do you realize you're an hour late? 介绍；建议 新增 块 你知道你迟到了一个小时吗？ Can you recommend a good hotel? He realized his dream of becoming an actor. 你能推荐一家好的旅馆吗？ 核 他实现了成为一名演员的梦想。 词块recommend sb.to do sth. 词 词块realize+(that)从句认识到. 建议某人做某事 realize the importance of... ·strongly recommend强烈建议 认识到…的重要性 record[4考]/reko:d/,/rekard/n.唱 realize one's dream实现某人的梦想 片；纪录/rrko:(r)d/v.录制；录（音） reason[5考]/ri:zn/n.原因；理由 Who is the record holder of this event?谁是 这项赛事的纪录保持者？(record作名词) Do you know the reason why she was late Via has recorded her own album.Via已经 this morning? 录制了她自己的专辑。(record作动词) 你知道今天早上她迟到的原因吗？ 词块keep a record of..记录… 词块)for this reason由于这个原因 .set/hold/break a record have no reason to do sth. 创造/保持/打破纪录 没有理由做某事 ·It is recorded+that从句据记载… ·the reason why..…的原因 变形recorder n.录音机；录像机；记录员 the reason for doing)sth recycle[2考]/ri:'sak/v.回收利用；再 (做)某事的原因 利用 [构词]re-(表示“再”的前缀)+ 变形reasonable adj.合理的 cycle(循环)=recycle 新增 ·reasonably adv.公平合理地 We can recycle plastic bottles. 我们可以回收利用塑料瓶。 recent[3考]/ri:snt/ad.近来的；新近的 词块)recycled paper再生纸 There have been many changes in recent years.近几年发生了许多变化。 变形recycling n.回收利用 ·recyclable ad.可回收利用的 词块a recent development/discovery reduce[4考]r'djus/y.减少，缩小（尺 近来的发展/发现 寸、数量、价格等) 新增 ·in recent years近几年 Costs have been reduced by 20%over the 变形recently ad.不久前；最近 past year. ◆048◆ 过去一年，各项费用已经减少了20%。 他们的亲朋好友。(relative作名词) 词块)reduce waste减少浪费 the relative advantages of the two plans ·reduce pollution减少污染 相比较之下两个计划各自的优点(relative 变形reduction n.减少；缩小；降低 作形容词)》 refuse[13考]/rm'fu:z/v.拒绝 词块a close/,distant relative近/远亲 She refused to accept that there was a friends and relatives亲朋好友 部 problem.她拒不承认有问题存在。 elderly relatives年长的亲属 词块)refuse to do sth.拒绝做某事 变形relate v.联系；把…联系起来 regret[30考]/gret/v.感到遗憾；懊悔 [△relate to涉及；与…相关】 块 n.痛惜；懊悔 relation n. 关系；联系；交往 I regret that I cannot come to your birthday relax[72考]/rIlaks/v.放松；休息 party.很遗憾，我不能来（参加）你的生日晚 Just relax and enjoy the movie 核心单词 会。(regret作动词) 休息休息，看看电影吧。 Shelley had no regrets for her actions. 词块relax oneself放松某人自己 Shelley对她的行为不感到后悔。(regret 变形)relaxed adj,自在的；放松的 作名词) relaxing ad.令人放松的；轻松的 词块deeply regret深感遗憾 remain[2考]/rr'mein/v.保持不变；剩 ·have no regrets不后悔；没有遗憾 余 [生义]v.逗留 (变形)regretted过去式/过去分词 The prices of the train tickets are likely to 一regretting现在分词 remain unchanged. relationship[1考]/r'IeifnSup/n.关系； 火车票价很可能会保持不变。 联系 Very little of the house remained after the I want to improve the relationships with my fire.火灾之后，这座房子所剩无几。 family and friends. She left,but I remained behind. 我想改善与家人和朋友的关系。 她走了，而我留了下来。 词块)have a good relationship with sb. 词块remain silent保持沉默 与某人关系好 ·improve relationships改善关系 变形remains n.(pl.)剩余物；残留物；剩 the relationship between A and B 饭菜；遗体 A和B之间的关系/联系 remaining ad.仍需做的；还需处理的 relative[1考]/e/n.亲属；亲戚 remember[I8考]/rI'memba(r)/v.记 [生义]ad.比较的；相对的 住；记起[反义词]forget During the Spring Festival,people visit their I don't remember my first day at school friends and relatives.在春节期间，人们拜访 我已经忘了第一天上学的情景。 ◆049● 词块remember to do sth. Are these newspaper reports true? 记得去做某事（未做）》 报纸上这些报道属实吗？(report作名词) remember doing sth..记得做过某事（已做） 词块It's reported that..据报道… remind[i考]/rr'mand/,.提醒；使想起 give/write/prepare a report [构词]re-(表示“再”的前缀)+mind(头 作/写/准备报告 第 脑)=remind 新增 make a report汇报 分 Remind me to buy some milk tonight. ·a news report一篇新闻报道 提醒我今天晚上买点牛奶。 a report on sth.关于某事的报告/报道 weather report天气预报 块 词块remind sb..of使某人想起 变形)reporter n.记者 remind sb.+从句提醒某人… 核 remind sb.(not)to do sth. require[6考]/rr'kwaIa()/y.需要；要 提醒某人（不要）做某事 求[近义词]need These pets require a lot of care and repair/ri'pea/,/rr'per/y.修理；修补 attention.这些宠物需要悉心照顾。 n.修理；修补；修缮[近义词]fix 词块require sb.to do sth, Can you help me repair this television? 你能帮我修理这台电视吗？ 要求某人做某事 →sth.require doing 词块)under repair维修中；修理中 某事需要被…（主动形式表被动意义） repeat/ri'pit/v.重复；重做 require+that从句需要… She kept repeating his name softly over and 变形)requirement n. 需求；要求 over again. 她轻声地一遍又一遍地重复着他的名字。 research[2考]/rr's3:(r)t/n.&v.研究； 调查（用作名词时，重音可放在第一个音节） 词块repeat the class/year/grade Although he is eighty,he still keeps on 重修这门课/重读一年/留级 doing research on medicine reply[58考]/rr'play/v. 回答；答复 尽管他八十岁了，但他仍坚持做药物研究。 [生义]n.回答；答复 (research作名词)》 He never replied to any of my letters. Ten years ago I began researching into the 他从来没给我回过信。(reply作动词) role of women.十年前我开始研究女性的 asked him,but he gave no reply. 地位。(research作动词) 我问了他，但他没有回答。(reply作名词) 词块research into/on sth.研究某物 词块reply to sb./sth.回应某人/某事 ·do/carry out research做研究 ·reply+that从句回答说 respect[2考]/rm'spekt/n.&u.尊重；尊 report [5 /rpo:(r)t/v.n. 报道； 敬[生义]n.（事物的)方面，细节新增 公布 I respect Jack's opinion on most subjects. Who will report the news? 在大多数事情上，我尊重Jack的意见。 谁将报道这则新闻？(report作动词) (respect作动词) ◆0504 I have the greatest respect for your brother. return[23考]ta:(r)u.归还；回来； 我非常尊敬你的哥哥。（respect作名词) 返回[生义]n.归还；回来；返回 词块)have respect for sb./sth. I waited a long time for him to return.我等 对某人/某物尊敬 他回来等了很长时间。(return作动词) ·respect oneself自重 He was met by his brother on his return from ·in respect of关于；就…而言 Italy.他从意大利回来的时候，是他弟弟去 responsible[6考]/rr'sppnsabl/ad.有责 接的他。(return作名词) 分 任；负责；承担义务 新增 词块return sb.sth.=return sth.tosb. Mike is responsible for designing the entire 把某物还给某人 块 project.Mike负责设计整个工程。 on one's return from 词块)be responsible for.., 在某人从…回来时 对…有责任/负责任 in return (for sth.) 核心单词 变形)responsibility n.责任；职责；义务 作为（对某事的）回报 rest[8考]/rest/y.&n.放松；休息 review[4考]/rrju/u.回顾；复习 [生义]n.(the rest)剩余部分 n.检查[生义]n.(对书籍、戏剧、电影 If you are tired,you can stop and rest for a 等的)评介；评论 while..如果你累了，你可以停下来休息一会 Let's make a review of the lesson. 儿。（rest作动词) 咱们复习一下功课吧 I think you should take a rest. 词块review lessons复习功课 我想你应该休息一下。(rest作名词) ·book review书评 How would you like to spend the rest of the day?后半天你打算怎么过？(rest作名词) rich[2考】/rt/ad.富有的 [生义] 词块have/take a rest休息 ad.富饶的；富庶的；大量含有（或提供） 一the rest of..剩余的… Mr.Green is a rich man result[3考]/rT'zlt/n.结果；后果 Green先生是一个富有的人。 [生义]v.(因…)发生 The city is rich in oil.这个城市盛产石油。 This book is the result of 25 years of 词块the rich富人；有钱人 research.这本书是耗时25年研究出的成 →be rich in富含…的 果。(result作名词) ride[3考]/rard/v.骑n.旅行；供乘骑 When water levels rise,flooding results. 的游乐设施；短途旅程；搭便车 水位上升，洪水就会发生。(result作动词) The boys were riding their bikes around the 词块as a result of由于；作为…的结果 streets.男孩子们骑着自行车在街上兜风。 the result of...…的结果 (ride作动词) result from由于；起因于 We go for a ride in the country. result in导致；造成 我们去乡下兜风。(ide作名词) ◆051◆ 词块go for a ride去兜风 rise[1考]/raIz/y.&n.升起；增加；提高 ·give sb..a ride The tide rose and fell. 让某人搭便车；捎某人一程 潮涨潮落。(rise作动词)》 ride to+地点名词 There won't be a rise in house prices 骑（马、自行车等）去某地 房价将不会上涨。（rise作名词) 第 ride a bike骑自行车 词块a sharp rise急剧增加 部 ride a horse骑马 变形)rose过去式 变形)rode过去式 ·risen过去分词 块 ridden过去分词 risk[1考]/r1sk/n.&v.危险；风险；冒险 riding现在分词 There's no risk of him losing the game. 心 right"[2考l/ra/ad. 正确的；适当的 他没有输掉游戏的风险。(sk作名词) ad.向右边n.右边[反义词]left Nick risked his life to save the boy.Nick 着生命危险去救那个男孩。(isk作动词) Did you get the answer right? 词块the risk of...…的风险 你回答得正确吗？（ight作形容词) Turn right at the end of the street ·take risks/,a risk冒险 在街的尽头向右转。(right作副词) at risk有危险；冒风险 risk doing sth.冒险做某事 Take the first street on the right. risk one's life冒着生命危险 走右手边的第一条街。(right作名词) 词块all right满意（的）；安全健康（的）； river*3考]/rva(r)/n.河；江 We can't swim in the river 可以 我们不可以下河游泳。 ·right for合适 词块travel up/.down river ·on the/one's right在右边/在某人的右边 逆流而上/顺流而下 That's right.没错 ·on the river在河上 ring1考]/g/.(使)发出钟声，响起 road[1考]/raud/n.路 铃声；给…打电话n.戒指 The house is on a very busy road. The school bells rang. 房子位于一条交通非常繁忙的道路旁边。 上课的铃声响了。(ring作动词) 词块main/major road公路千线；主千道 You can ring me up. ·country/.mountain road乡村道路/山路 你可以给我打电话。（ring作动词) ·on the road在途中；（尤指）长途旅行中 How much is the ring? 这枚戒指多少钱？(ring作名词) rock[1考]/rok/,/rak/n.岩石；摇滚乐 Peter stood on a huge rock and looked at the 词块ring sb.up给某人打电话 sea.Peter站在一块巨大的岩石上朓望大海。 变形)rang过去式 The famous rock musician is from the UK. ·rung过去分词 这位著名的摇滚乐手来自英国。 ◆052◆ 词块between a rock and a hard place The children are asked to stand in a row to 进退两难；左右为难 take an interesting test.孩子们被要求站成 ·rock band摇滚乐队 排，参加一个有趣的测验。 role[3考]/rau/n.作用；职能；角色 词块a row of一排… Schools play an important role in education. ·in a row 学校在教育中起着重要的作用。 成一行（或一排、一列）；连续几次地 词块play a role发挥作用；有影响[2考] ·row a boat划船 分 play a role/part in... rule[6考]/u:yn. 规则；规章 在…中发挥作用；对…有影响 There are many rules in our school. 块 play the role of扮演…的角色 我们学校有许多规章制度。 ·a key role关键的作用 词块family,/school/class rules家/校/班规 ·leading role主角 核心 r00m*[13考] traffic rules交通规则 /rum/n.房间[生义]n. ·follow the rules遵守规则 空间 break a rule/the rules违反规定 They were in the next room and we could 变形)ruler n.直尺；统治者，支配者 hear every word they said..他们在隔壁房间 里，我们可以听到他们说的每一句话。 rum*[3考]/wn/.跑；奔 [生义]y.经 How can we make room for all the furniture? 营；管理 我们怎么腾得出地方放所有家具呢？ The boy runs fast.这个男孩跑得很快。 词块living room客厅 My uncle runs a food shop ·make room for..为…腾出空间 我叔叔经营一家食品商店。 round[1考】/raund/ad.圆形的 词块run after追逐；追赶 [生义]adw.围绕；环绕；调转方向 ·run away逃开 These glasses suit people with round faces. run out用完；耗尽（不及物动词短语，主 这款眼镜适合圆脸的人。(round作形容词) 语常是物) Everybody joins hands and dances round. ● run out of用尽；耗尽（及物动词短语，主 大家手拉着手，围成一圈跳舞。（round作 语常是人) 副词) 变形ran过去式 He turned the car round and drove back running现在分词 again.他调转车头，又开了回来。（round ·runner n.跑步者 作副词) 词块all round周围 rush[6考]r/v.&n.仓促行事；急促 A small girl rushed past her.一个小女孩从 ·all year round全年 她身边匆匆经过。（ush作动词) row[1考]/ru/n.一排；一列；一行 The students go home in a rush after school. [生义]v.划（船） 学生们放学后匆忙回家。(ush作名词) ◆053 词块rush to do sth.赶紧做某事 变形)satisfied adj.满足的；满意的[△be in a rush匆忙地；仓促地 satisfied with对.…感到满意] rush hour交通高峰期 ·satisfaction n.满足；满意 save[20考]/seIv/V.救；救助 [生义]v.节省；节约；保存 第 sad*[23考] /saed/adi. (令人)悲哀的； 部 She saved a little girl from falling into the (令人)难过的 water..她救下一个快要落水的小女孩。 I was sad that she had to go We should try to save water. 知道她必须得走，我心里很难过。 我们应该设法节约用水。 词块)be sad to do sth.为做某事感到难过 词块save one's life挽救某人的生命 核 ·be sad+that从句对…感到难过 save time节约时间 謂 变形sadness n.悲伤；悲痛；难过 say[8考/se/w.说；讲 ·sadly adv..悲伤地；伤心地；不幸地 Do you say“please”and“thank you'"? safe*[20考]/sef/ad.安全的；无危险的 你说“请”和“谢谢你”吗？ [反义词]dangerous 词块)say sth.tosb.对某人说某事 It's not safe to go out alone at night say goodbye to sb.向某人道别 晚上独自外出是不安全的。 say hello/hi to sb.向某人问好 词块safe and sound安然无恙的 say thanks to sb.向某人道谢 变形)safely ad.安全地 变形)said过去式/过去分词 一safety n.安全；安全性[2考 saying n.谚语；格言 same[22考]/seIm/ad.相同的 scare[9考]/skea(r)/.惊吓；使害怕新增 [反义词]different It scared me to think I was alone in the My brother and I like the same sport. building. 我跟哥哥喜欢同样的运动。 想到楼里只有我一个人，我很害怕。 词块)all the same尽管如此 They managed to scare the bears away. ·at the same time同时 他们设法把熊吓跑了。 look the same看起来一样 词块scare sb.into doing sth.恐吓某人做 the same as和…相同；与…一致 satisfy[6考]/'saetsfar/y.使满意；使满足 某事 Nothing ·scare...away把…吓跑 satisfies him-he's always complaining. 变形scared adj.惊慌的；吓坏了的 什么都难以使他满意 他总是在抱怨。 school*[20考]/sku/n.学校 词块satisfy sb's curiosity My brother and I went to the same school. 满足某人的好奇心 我和我哥哥上的是同一所学校。 ◆054