话题一：人物介绍类 任务单-2026届高三英语上学期一轮复习专项

Unit 1知识点能力检测 1． 单句语法填空 第一层 1．The schools that I visit in Nottingham are full of experience staff (commit) to giving our children a caring and inspiring learning environment. 2．Making good choices about your own health requires reasonable (evaluate)． 3．Could you tell me what I have to do (obtain) a student visa and how long the process will take? 4．It is a truth finally and universally (acknowledge) that a single woman with brains deserves to have equal opportunities to men. 5．Damaged but not (defeat)，he was still ahead of me. 6．(2019·全国Ⅱ卷)Another way of setting realistic goals is (analyse)your short and long term ____________(objective), (keep) in mind your beliefs，values and strengths. 7. (found) in Moscow after the 1905 revolution，the company eventually settled in Tel Aviv in the late 1920s. 8．They are not allowed to use a dictionary，and much of the meaning must (infer) from the context. 9．I never told my mother about my “miraculous”experience that summer，but she saw a slow but (remark) improvement in my classroom performance during the next year. 10．Being able to read people helps kids from misreading a situation and jumping to a false (conclude)． 第二层 1. (2021·全国新高考I卷) In 1934, with the passage of the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act (Act), an increasingly concerned nation took firm action to stop the destruction of migratory ( 迁徙的) waterfowl and the wetlands so vital _______ their survival. 2．(2020·全国卷I)“This really excites scientists，” Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, “because it means we have the chance (obtain) information about how the moon is constructed.” 3．(2020·全国卷I)The kids apparently know the truth.But our (insist) it’s merely a window has kept them from attempting millions of requests to open the door. 4．(2020·天津卷)What could be (infer) from Paragraph 2 about the effect of the LRAD? 5．(2020·江苏卷)Then, on two separate morning visits to the scientists’ lab, each man walked for an hour at an average speed that, theory, should allow his body to rely mainly on fat for fuel. 6．(2020·天津卷)Sound can be used as a weapon.Imagine that a police officer is chasing a thief.The thief tries to escape.And the officer can’t let him get away.He pulls out special device, points it at the suspect, and switches it on.The thief drops to the ground.This new weapon is called a Long Range Acoustic Device(LRAD, 远程定向声波发射器)． 7．(2021·全国新高考I卷) “I was turning the page to get ready for the next page, but draft wind from the turn caused the spare pages to fall off the stand，” Mr Titterton said, “Luckily I was able to catch them and put them back.” 8．(2020·江苏卷)Being good at something and having a passion it are not enough.Success depends fundamentally on our view of ourselves and of the events in our lives. 9.(2021·3月天津卷) Society pushes us to specialize, to become experts. This requires (commit) to a particular occupation, branch of study or research. 10．(2020·山东卷)Through it all, she remained in good (academy) standing and graduated with honors.Jennifer sacrificed(牺牲)to achieve her goal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing important events to study. 11．(2019·全国卷II)First, you need (evaluate) yourself, your values，your strengths, your weaknesses，your achievements, your desires，etc. 12．(2019·全国卷II)Her years of hard work have finally been (acknowledge) after a customer nominated(提名) her to be Cheshire’s Woman Of The Year. 13．(2020·浙江卷)I couldn’t see Don, but as I approached the tractor he jumped out onto the road, __________ (apparent) unhurt , and dashed back to me. 14．(2020·全国卷I)The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of (science) research. 15．(2020·全国卷II)As a (novel), I’ve found a new relationship with libraries.I encourage readers to go to their local library when they can’t afford to purchase a book. 16．(2021·浙江卷) He showed us that even a single desire, never given up on, can make for a (remark) life. 17．(2021·全国新高考I卷) The alarm rang at 6 a．m. The pair went down the stairs quietly to the kitchen. They decided (boil) the porridge first. 18. With no solid evidence, he refused to acknowledge (steal) the lady’s purse. 19.The old man insisted that he (be) ill and (send) to hospital. 20. Each chapter concludes a short summary. 二．完成句子 1.(2020·全国卷III)据说，25—34岁的年轻人中有20%和父母住在一起，而1991年这一比例为16%。据估计，英国多代同堂的家庭总数约为180万。 It is said that about 20% of 25—34-year-olds live with their parents, compared with 16% in 1991.The total number of all multigenerational households in Britain about 1.8 million. 2．(2020·全国卷II)一到达，我们就看到熟透了的红桃子挂在树上。我们先用篮子和梯子挑选颜色最漂亮的，然后再挑选成熟的、软的。 ， we saw red ripe peaches hanging on the tree.Using baskets and ladders, we first picked the ones that were most beautiful in color, then those that were ripe and soft. 3. 此外，在中国，当你参加晚宴时，注意餐桌礼仪是至关重要的。 ①Besides, in China when you attend a dinner party.(it作形式主语) ②In addition, is that you (should) mind your table manners in China when you attend a dinner party.(主语从句) 4. 钟南山致力于医学研究，被授予“共和国勋章”。 ①Zhong Nanshan doing medical research, and he was awarded the Medal of the Republic. ② doing medical research, Zhong Nanshan was awarded the Medal of the Republic. 5. People widely acknowledge that students should be evaluated in terms of overall quality. 句式转换→ students should be evaluated in terms of overall quality. 6. 他们一到我们学校，就迫不及待地参观我们的茶馆，那里陈列着许多茶具。 ① ，they couldn’t wait to visit our tea house, where a lot of tea sets were on display. (instant) ② ， they couldn’t wait to visit our tea house, where a lot of tea sets were on display.(on) 7．被邀请来参加本次夏令营开幕式我深感荣幸。(It is an honor for sb.to do sth.) attend the opening ceremony of the summer camp. 8．普遍认为新鲜食物对我们的健康有益。(acknowledge) fresh food is beneficial to our health. 9．我们负责任地控制住自己对环境的影响是至关重要的。(crucial) we responsibly manage our impact on the environment. 10．他希望公司能注意改善员工的工作与生活的平衡。(pay attention to) He hopes companies will work-life balance for their employees. 11．笑被认为是人类表达情感的最简单的方式之一。(think) Laughter one of the easiest ways to express feelings. 12．我们本不该花钱去给那么多人做检查的，他们大多数都很健康。(非限制性定语从句) We shouldn’t have spent our money testing so many people, . 三．教材与语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Tu Youyou 1. (award) the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 2015.Her research led 2. the discovery of artemisinin, which is thought 3. (save) 100,000 lives a year in Africa alone. Tu Youyou, a 4. (commit) and patient scientist, graduated from Peking University Medical School in 1955.In 1969, she decided to review ancient Chinese medical texts to find 5. (tradition) botanical treatments for the disease. One medical text suggested 6. (use) the extract from sweet wormwood to treat a fever. Later, by experiments, she concluded that boiling the sweet wormwood 7. (apparent) destroyed its medical properties. Finally, they succeeded 8. discovering artemisinin. Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize, Tu Youyou said that the honour belonged to all the people of the country. It was indeed 9. honour for China’s 10. (science) research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world. 四.单元主题与高考写作 用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识完成满分作文 请根据下列提示写一篇英语短文，介绍著名呼吸病学专家钟南山。内容要点如下： 1．1936年10月出生于一个医学世家，福建厦门人； 2．1960年毕业于北京医学院(今北京大学医学部)； 3．2003年他是抗击“非典”的英雄，2020年他在抗击新型冠状病毒肺炎中作出突出贡献； 4．致力于呼吸道疾病的研究和治疗。 参考词汇：呼吸道疾病 respiratory diseases 新型冠状病毒肺炎COVID-19 Born in a medical family，in Oct.1936，Zhong Nanshan comes from Xiamen, Fujian Province. When young，he 1. ______________________________ (对……有强烈的热情)medicine. Zhong Nanshan，who (从...毕业) Peking University Medical School in 1960, 2. (被公认为) one of the most outstanding experts in the medical field. In 2003，he was a hero in defeating SARS during the SARS outbreak.In 2020, he （做出了突出贡献）when fighting against COV-ID-19. Zhong Nanshan 3. (全身心地投入)researching and treating respiratory diseases, whose work 4. (对……是至关重要的) the health of the Chinese people. Unit 1知识点能力检测答案 第一层 1．The schools that I visit in Nottingham are full of experience staff committed (commit) to giving our children a caring and inspiring learning environment. 2．Making good choices about your own health requires reasonable evaluation (evaluate)． 3．Could you tell me what I have to do to obtain (obtain) a student visa and how long the process will take? 4．It is a truth finally and universally acknowledged (acknowledge) that a single woman with brains deserves to have equal opportunities to men. 5．Damaged but not defeated (defeat)，he was still ahead of me. 6．(2019·全国Ⅱ卷)Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyse (analyse)your short and long term objectives (objective), keeping (keep) in mind your beliefs，values and strengths. 7. Founded (found) in Moscow after the 1905 revolution，the company eventually settled in Tel Aviv in the late 1920s. 8．They are not allowed to use a dictionary，and much of the meaning must be inferred (infer) from the context. 9．I never told my mother about my “miraculous”experience that summer，but she saw a slow but remarkable (remark) improvement in my classroom performance during the next year. 10．Being able to read people helps kids from misreading a situation and jumping to a false conclusion (conclude)． 第二层 1. (2021·全国新高考I卷) In 1934, with the passage of the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act (Act), an increasingly concerned nation took firm action to stop the destruction of migratory ( 迁徙的) waterfowl and the wetlands so vital to their survival. 2．(2020·全国卷I)“This really excites scientists，” Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, “because it means we have the chance to obtain (obtain) information about how the moon is constructed.” 3．(2020·全国卷I)The kids apparently know the truth.But our insisting (insist) it’s merely a window has kept them from attempting millions of requests to open the door. 4．(2020·天津卷)What could be inferred (infer) from Paragraph 2 about the effect of the LRAD? 5．(2020·江苏卷)Then, on two separate morning visits to the scientists’ lab, each man walked for an hour at an average speed that, in theory, should allow his body to rely mainly on fat for fuel. 6．(2020·天津卷)Sound can be used as a weapon.Imagine that a police officer is chasing a thief.The thief tries to escape.And the officer can’t let him get away.He pulls out a special device, points it at the suspect, and switches it on.The thief drops to the ground.This new weapon is called a Long Range Acoustic Device(LRAD, 远程定向声波发射器)． 7．(2021·全国新高考I卷) “I was turning the page to get ready for the next page, but the draft wind from the turn caused the spare pages to fall off the stand，” Mr Titterton said, “Luckily I was able to catch them and put them back.” 8．(2020·江苏卷)Being good at something and having a passion for it are not enough.Success depends fundamentally on our view of ourselves and of the events in our lives. 9.(2021·3月天津卷) Society pushes us to specialize, to become experts. This requires commitment (commit) to a particular occupation, branch of study or research. 10．(2020·山东卷)Through it all, she remained in good academic (academy) standing and graduated with honors.Jennifer sacrificed(牺牲)to achieve her goal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing important events to study. 11．(2019·全国卷II)First, you need to evaluate (evaluate) yourself, your values，your strengths, your weaknesses，your achievements, your desires，etc. 12．(2019·全国卷II)Her years of hard work have finally been acknowledged (acknowledge) after a customer nominated(提名) her to be Cheshire’s Woman Of The Year. 13．(2020·浙江卷)I couldn’t see Don, but as I approached the tractor he jumped out onto the road, apparently (apparent) unhurt , and dashed back to me. 14．(2020·全国卷I)The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific (science) research. 15．(2020·全国卷II)As a novelist (novel), I’ve found a new relationship with libraries.I encourage readers to go to their local library when they can’t afford to purchase a book. 16．(2021·浙江卷) He showed us that even a single desire, never given up on, can make for a remarkable (remark)life. 17．(2021·全国新高考I卷) The alarm rang at 6 a．m. The pair went down the stairs quietly to the kitchen. They decided to boil (boil) the porridge first. 18. With no solid evidence, he refused to acknowledge stealing/having stolen (steal) the lady’s purse. 19.The old man insisted that he was (be) ill and (should) be sent (send) to hospital. 20. Each chapter concludes with/by a short summary. 短语填空 1.(2020·全国卷III)据说，25—34岁的年轻人中有20%和父母住在一起，而1991年这一比例为16%。据估计，英国多代同堂的家庭总数约为180万。 It is said that about 20% of 25—34-year-olds live with their parents, compared with 16% in 1991.The total number of all multigenerational households in Britain is thought to be about 1.8 million. 2．(2020·全国卷II)一到达，我们就看到熟透了的红桃子挂在树上。我们先用篮子和梯子挑选颜色最漂亮的，然后再挑选成熟的、软的。 On arriving ， we saw red ripe peaches hanging on the tree.Using baskets and ladders, we first picked the ones that were most beautiful in color, then those that were ripe and soft. 3. 此外，在中国，当你参加晚宴时，注意餐桌礼仪是至关重要的。 ③Besides, it’s vital that you should mind your table manners in China when you attend a dinner party.(it作形式主语) ④In addition, what’s vital is that you (should) mind your table manners in China when you attend a dinner party.(主语从句) 4. 钟南山致力于医学研究，被授予“共和国勋章”。 ①Zhong Nanshan was committed to doing medical research, and he was awarded the Medal of the Republic. ② Committed to doing medical research, Zhong Nanshan was awarded the Medal of the Republic. 5. People widely acknowledge that students should be evaluated in terms of overall quality. 句式转换→ It is widely acknowledged that students should be evaluated in terms of overall quality. 6. 他们一到我们学校，就迫不及待地参观我们的茶馆，那里陈列着许多茶具。 ① The instant/Instantly they arrived at our school ，they couldn’t wait to visit our tea house, where a lot of tea sets were on display. (instant) ② On arriving at our school ， they couldn’t wait to visit our tea house, where a lot of tea sets were on display.(on) 7．被邀请来参加本次夏令营开幕式我深感荣幸。(It is an honor for sb.to do sth.) It is a great honor for me to be invited to attend the opening ceremony of the summer camp. 8．普遍认为新鲜食物对我们的健康有益。(acknowledge) It is generally acknowledged that fresh food is beneficial to our health. 9．我们负责任地控制住自己对环境的影响是至关重要的。(crucial) It is crucial that we responsibly manage our impact on the environment. 10．他希望公司能注意改善员工的工作与生活的平衡。(pay attention to) He hopes companies will pay attention to improving work-life balance for their employees. 11．笑被认为是人类表达情感的最简单的方式之一。(think) Laughter is thought to be one of the easiest ways to express feelings. 12．我们本不该花钱去给那么多人做检查的，他们大多数都很健康。(非限制性定语从句) We shouldn’t have spent our money testing so many people, most of whom are healthy . Ⅲ.教材与语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Tu Youyou 1. was awarded (award) the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 2015.Her research led 2. to the discovery of artemisinin, which is thought 3. to save (save) 100,000 lives a year in Africa alone. Tu Youyou, a 4. committed (commit) and patient scientist, graduated from Peking University Medical School in 1955.In 1969, she decided to review ancient Chinese medical texts to find 5. traditional (tradition) botanical treatments for the disease. One medical text suggested 6. using (use) the extract from sweet wormwood to treat a fever. Later, by experiments, she concluded that boiling the sweet wormwood 7. apparently (apparent) destroyed its medical properties. Finally, they succeeded 8. in discovering artemisinin. Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize, Tu Youyou said that the honour belonged to all the people of the country. It was indeed 9. an honour for China’s 10. scientific (science) research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world. Ⅳ.单元主题与高考写作用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识完成满分作文 请根据下列提示写一篇英语短文，介绍著名呼吸病学专家钟南山。内容要点如下： 1．1936年10月出生于一个医学世家，福建厦门人； 2．1960年毕业于北京医学院(今北京大学医学部)； 3．2003年他是抗击“非典”的英雄，2020年他在抗击新型冠状病毒肺炎中作出突出贡献； 4．致力于呼吸道疾病的研究和治疗。 参考词汇：呼吸道疾病 respiratory diseases 新型冠状病毒肺炎COVID-19 Born in a medical family，in Oct.1936，Zhong Nanshan comes from Xiamen, Fujian Province. When young，he 1. had a strong passion for (对……有强烈的热情)medicine. Zhong Nanshan，who graduated from Peking University Medical School in 1960, 2. is acknowledged as (被公认为) one of the most outstanding experts in the medical field.In 2003，he was a hero in defeating SARS during the SARS outbreak.In 2020, he made an outstanding contribution when fighting against COV-ID-19. Zhong Nanshan 3. is committed to (全身心地投入)researching and treating respiratory diseases, whose work 4. is vital to (对……是至关重要的) the health of the Chinese people. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5课内短语和重点句子 I. 课内重点短语 1. consider himself a farmer 自认为是农民 2. devoted his life to 奉献一生于... 3. pursue a career in science 追求科学事业 4. what concerned him most was that... 令他最关心的是... 5. have poor harvests 收成不佳 6. had a serious shortage of food 食物严重短缺 7. tackle his crisis 应对他的危机 8. boost yields in the fields 提高田地的产量 9. be convinced that.. 确信... 10. attain a higher yield than conventional crops 获得比传统作物更高的产量 11. be a matter of great debate 是一个备受争议的问题 12. through intense effort 通过不懈努力 13. overcome enormous technical difficulties 克服巨大的技术困难 14. expand their output greatly 大幅扩大产量 15. It is estimated that... 据估计... 16. be comprised of 由……组成 17. because of his invaluable contributions 因为他宝贵的贡献 18. receive numerous awards 获得众多奖项 19. Given that 鉴于,考虑到 20. the ongoing ability to fulfill his dreams 持续实现他的梦想的能力 21. envision rice plants as tall as sorghum 想象稻谷长得像高粱一样高 22. feed more people at home and abroad 养活更多国内外的人 23. Despite his advanced years 尽管年事已高 24. be still young at heart and full of vision 依然年轻，满怀憧憬 25. deal with this crisis 处理这一危机 26. commit oneself to 投身于 27. solve enormous difficulties 解决巨大的困难 28. pay less attention to 较少关注 29. Now that 既然 30. make up their minds 下定决心 31. There is strong evidence to suggest that... 有强有力的证据表明... 32. without a doubt 毫无疑问 33. It is a pity that... 可惜的是... 34. I have a feeling that... 我感觉... 35. be in widespread use in farming 在农业中广泛使用 36. in turn 反过来 37. be rich in nutrition 富含营养 38. switch to 转向 39. for instance 例如 40. be nowhere near able to meet the need 远远无法满足需求 41. conduct a lot of agricultural research 进行大量农业研究 42. have a desire to improve and maintain the natural environments 有改善和维护自然环境的愿望 43. for generations to come 为子孙后代 44. a good standard of living 良好的生活水平 45. start her own fruit-growing business 开始自己的水果种植生意 46. alleviate poverty 缓解贫困 47. be expected to 预计 48. come up with better ways to grow crops 想出更好的种植作物的方法 49. provide financial help 提供经济帮助 50. eliminate poverty 消除贫困 51. make a decent living 过上体面的生活 52. It is no surprise that 毫不奇怪 53. be attracted to life in the country 被乡村生活所吸引 54. fulfil personal goals 实现个人目标 55. tend to their crops 照料他们的作物 56. suffer from pests or disease 遭受虫害或疾病 57. be critical to 对……至关重要 58. enable sb. to do 使某人能够 59. As it turns out, 事实证明, 60. center on organic farming 以有机农业为中心 61. a positioning system 定位系统 62. be still in its infancy 仍处于初级阶段 63. ease the burden 减轻负担 64. be surrounded by 被……包围 65. with such technological advances 随着这样的技术进步 II. 课内重点句子： 1. Indeed, his slim but strong body is just like that of millions of Chinese farmers, to whom he has devoted his life. 事实上，他苗条而强壮的身体就像数百万中国农民一样，他为他们献出了生命。 2. What concerned home most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat. 使我们最担心的是农民经常歉收，有时甚至严重缺粮。 3. Yuan was convinced that the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice. 袁相信，可以在杂交水稻的创造中找到答案。 4. One characteristic of hybrids is that they usually attain a higher yield than conventional crops.杂交作物的一个特点是它们的产量通常比传统作物高。 5. The common assumption then was that it could not be done. 当时普遍的假设是，这是不可能做到的。 6. However, this is far from the case. 然而，事实远非如此。 7. What impressed people most about Yuan Longping is his ongoing ability to fulfill his dreams. 袁隆平给人印象最深的是他不断实现梦想的能力。 8. Scientists from different countries have been pursuing various possibilities to overcome food shortage.来自不同国家的科学家一直在寻找各种解决粮食短缺的可能性。 9. What Yuan Longping really cared about was not money or celebrity. 袁隆平真正关心的不是金钱和名誉。 10. That Yuan Longping had realized his dream of seawater rice surprised the whole world. 袁隆平实现了他的海米梦，震惊了全世界。 11. It surprised the whole world that Yuan Longping had realized his dream of developing seawater rice. 袁隆平实现了开发海水水稻的梦想，这让全世界都感到惊讶。 12. However, what she is unhappy about is the lower nutritional value and reduced flavor. 然而，她不满意的是营养价值降低，味道也变差了。 13. But inside there is usually more water than essential minerals. 但内部通常有更多的水比必需的矿物质。 14. Why different crops are grown is because they put important minerals back into the ground, making it ready for the next batch of crops. 为什么种植不同的作物是因为它们把重要的矿物质放回地下，为下一批作物做好准备。 15. Organic farming is nowhere near able to meet the meet. 有机农业远不能满足这一要求。 16. While the dream of most university graduates is to start a successful career in a big city, more and more young people are choosing to stay in their own hometowns so they can stay with their family and friends. 虽然大多数大学毕业生的梦想是在大城市开始一份成功的事业，但越来越多的年轻人选择留在自己的家乡，这样他们就可以和家人和朋友呆在一起。 17. With China’s population expected to continue rising in the coming years, the government understands the importance of agriculture. 随着中国人口预计在未来几年继续增长，政府明白农业的重要性。 18. Life in big cities is not all it’s cracked up to be. 大城市的生活并不像人们所说的那样美好。 19. Luck played a great part in farming. 运气在农业中起了很大作用。 20. There was a row of trees near his friend’s house, and one of them was much taller than the others. 在他朋友的房子附近有一排树，其中一棵比其他的树要高得多。 21. As it turns out, it is possible to grow plants without using soil at all. 事实证明，种植植物完全不需要土壤是可能的。 22. The field of agricultural robotics is still in its infancy, so there is still a need for human labor to harvest many crops. 农业机器人领域仍处于起步阶段，因此仍然需要人工来收获许多作物。 23. To help ease this burden, there are also robots that can help workers carry fruit and vegetables to storage areas. 为了减轻这种负担，也有机器人可以帮助工人将水果和蔬菜运送到存储区域。 24. Farmers of the future are more likely to be technicians working in control rooms, surrounded by computers and monitors. 未来的农民更有可能是在控制室工作的技术人员，周围都是电脑和显示器。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $Sheet1 consider himself a farmer 自认为是农民 ___________________________________ devoted his life to 奉献一生于... ___________________________________ pursue a career in science 追求科学事业 ___________________________________ what concerned him most was that... 令他最关心的是... ___________________________________ have poor harvests 收成不佳 ___________________________________ had a serious shortage of food 食物严重短缺 ___________________________________ tackle his crisis 应对他的危机 ___________________________________ boost yields in the fields 提高田地的产量 ___________________________________ be convinced that 确信 ___________________________________ attain a higher yield than conventional crops 获得比传统作物更高的产量 ___________________________________ be a matter of great debate 是一个备受争议的问题 ___________________________________ through intense effort 通过不懈努力 ___________________________________ overcome enormous technical difficulties 克服巨大的技术困难 ___________________________________ expand their output greatly 大幅扩大产量 ___________________________________ It is estimated that... 据估计... ___________________________________ be comprised of 由……组成 ___________________________________ because of his invaluable contributions 因为他宝贵的贡献 ___________________________________ receive numerous awards 获得众多奖项 ___________________________________ Given that 鉴于,考虑到 ___________________________________ the ongoing ability to fulfill his dreams 持续实现他的梦想的能力 ___________________________________ envision rice plants as tall as sorghum 想象稻谷长得像高粱一样高 ___________________________________ feed more people at home and abroad 养活更多国内外的人 ___________________________________ Despite his advanced years 尽管年事已高 ___________________________________ be still young at heart and full of vision 依然年轻，满怀憧憬 ___________________________________ deal with this crisis 处理这一危机 ___________________________________ commit oneself to 投身于 ___________________________________ solve enormous difficulties 解决巨大的困难 ___________________________________ pay less attention to 较少关注 ___________________________________ Now that 既然 ___________________________________ make up their minds 下定决心 ___________________________________ There is strong evidence to suggest that... 有强有力的证据表明... ___________________________________ without a doubt 毫无疑问 ___________________________________ It is a pity that... 可惜的是... ___________________________________ I have a feeling that... 我有一种感觉... ___________________________________ be in widespread use in farming 在农业中广泛使用 ___________________________________ in turn 反过来 ___________________________________ be rich in nutrition 富含营养 ___________________________________ switch to 转向 ___________________________________ for instance 例如 ___________________________________ be nowhere near able to meet the need 远远无法满足需求 ___________________________________ conduct a lot of agricultural research 进行大量农业研究 ___________________________________ have a desire to improve and maintain the natural environments 有改善和维护自然环境的愿望 ___________________________________ for generations to come 为子孙后代 ___________________________________ a good standard of living 良好的生活水平 ___________________________________ start her own fruit-growing business 开始自己的水果种植生意 ___________________________________ alleviate poverty 缓解贫困 ___________________________________ be expected to 预计 ___________________________________ come up with better ways to grow crops 想出更好的种植作物的方法 ___________________________________ provide financial help 提供经济帮助 ___________________________________ eliminate poverty 消除贫困 ___________________________________ make a decent living 过上体面的生活 ___________________________________ It is no surprise that 毫不奇怪 ___________________________________ be attracted to life in the country 被乡村生活所吸引 ___________________________________ fulfil personal goals 实现个人目标 ___________________________________ tend to their crops 照料他们的作物 ___________________________________ suffer from pests or disease 遭受虫害或疾病 ___________________________________ be critical to 对……至关重要 ___________________________________ enable sb. to do 使某人能够 ___________________________________ As it turns out, 事实证明, ___________________________________ center on organic farming 以有机农业为中心 ___________________________________ a positioning system 定位系统 ___________________________________ be still in its infancy 仍处于初级阶段 ___________________________________ ease the burden 减轻负担 ___________________________________ be surrounded by 被……包围 ___________________________________ with such technological advances 随着这样的技术进步 ___________________________________ Sheet2 Sheet3 $ 词汇专项 选择性必修二（新人教版） 【Unit 1 Science and scientists】 1. 2. cholera n. ____________________ 3. ____________ adj. 极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的 4. diarrhoea n. ____________________ 5. dehydration n. ____________________ 6. ____________ adj. 懊恼的；沮丧的；失意的 7. once and for all ____________________ 8. contradictory adj. ____________________ 9. ____________ n. 感染；传染 10. infect vt. ____________________ 11. germ n. ____________________ 12. subscribe vi. ____________________ 13. subscribe to ____________________ 14. ____________ n. 证据；证明；检验 15. multiple adj. ____________________ 16. pump n. ____________________ 17. water pump ____________________ 18. household n. ____________________ 19. ____________ vt. & vi. 怀疑；疑有；不信任 n. 犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象 20. ____________ vt. 把……归咎于；责怪；指责 n. 责备；指责 21. handle n. _______________ vt. ______________ 22. intervention n. ____________________ 23. ____________ n. 联系；纽带 vt. 把……连接起来；相关联 24. raw adj. ____________________ 25. ____________ adj. 干净的；纯的；纯粹的 26. substantial adj. ____________________ 27. ____________ n. 减少；降低；减少量 vt. & vi. （使大小、数量等）减少；减小；降低 28. ____________ 幸亏；由于 29. statistic n. ____________________ 30. ____________ vt. 使改观；使改变形态 vi. 改变；转变 31. epidemiology n. ____________________ 32. microscope n. ____________________ 33. thinking n. ____________________ 34. protein n. ____________________ 35. cell n. ____________________ 36. virus n. ____________________ 37. finding n. ____________________ 38. initial adj. ____________________ 39. vaccine n. ____________________ 40. framework n. ____________________ 41. theoretical framework ____________________ 42. ________adj. 可靠的；固体的；坚实的 n. 固体 43. cast vt. ____________________ 44. shadow n. ____________________ 45. rainbow n. ____________________ 46. ____________ vt. 倒出；倾泻；斟（饮料） 47. concrete n. ____________ adj. ______________ 48. plasma n. ____________________ 49. aerospace n. ____________________ 50. patriotic adj. ____________________ 51. mechanical adj. ____________________ 52. ____________ n. 机械师；机械修理工 53. ____________ （战争、打斗等不愉快的事情）突然开始；爆发 54. aviation n. ____________________ 55. ____________ vt. 保卫；防守；辩解 56. jet n. ____________________ 57. ____________ n. 助理；助手 58. ____________ 主管；掌管 59. missile n. ____________________ 60. leadership n. ____________________ 61. trace vt. _______________ n. ______________ 62. ____________ adj. 优秀的；杰出的；明显的 63. ____________ adj. 有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪慧的 64. come down ____________________ 65. ____________ adj. 抽象的；理性的 n. （文献等的）摘要 66. ____________ adj. 稳定的；平稳的；稳步的 67. ____________ n. 概念；观念 68. astronomer n. ____________________ 69. astronomy n. ____________________ 70. telescope n. ____________________ 71. ____________ prep. 除……之外（还） adv. 而且；此外 72. ____________ adj. 聪颖的；绝妙的；明亮的 73. ____________ adv. 此外；再者 74. above all ____________________ 75. ____________ n. 弱点；过错 76. shift n. ____________________ vi. & vt. ____________________ 77. ____________ adj. 生动的；鲜明的；丰富的 词性转换——Unit 1 Science and scientists 1.initial adj. 最初的；开始的；第一的→ adv. 最初地 2． vi. 认购(股份)；定期订购；定期交纳(会费)→ n. 订阅；会员费→subscribe n. 订户；订阅者 3．transform vt. 使改观；使改变形态　vi. 改变；转变→ n. (彻底的) 变化，改观，转变 4．defend vt. 保卫；防守；辩解→ n. 保护；防御→defensive adj. 防御性的 5． n. 助理；助手→ n. 帮助→assist v. 帮助 6． adj. 有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪慧的→ gift n. 天赋；礼物 7． n. 天文学家→astronomy n. 天文学→ n. 宇航员 8． n. 证据；证明；检验→prove v. 证明；证实　link v. 证明是 9.pure adj. 干净的；纯的；纯粹的→ adv. 仅仅；完全→ purify vt. 净化；使纯净→ n. 纯净；纯洁 10．severe adj. 极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的→ adv. 极为恶劣地；十分严重地；严厉地 11．vivid adj. 生动的；鲜明的；丰富的→ adv. 生动地；鲜明地；丰富地 12． adj. 懊恼的；沮丧的；失意的→frustrate v. 使懊丧； 使懊恼； 使沮丧→ n. 懊丧； 懊恼； 沮丧 13．contradictory adj. 相互矛盾的；对立的；不一致的→___________ n. (事实、看法、行动等的) 不一致，矛盾→______ ____ v. 反驳； 驳斥； 批驳 14．_______________ n. 思想；思维；见解→think v. 考虑；认为→________________n. 思想家 15． ______ n. 发现；调查结果；(法律)判决→find v. 找到；发现 16. ______ n. 感染；传染→infect vt. 使感染；传染→_______________adj. 传染性的→ ______ adj. 受感染的 17． ______ n. 介入；出面；干涉→intervene v. 出面； 介入； 插嘴 18． ______ adj. 机械的；发动机的；机器的→mechanic n. 机械师；机械修理工→ ______ n. 机器；设备 19.steady adj. 稳定的；平稳的；稳步的→ ______ adv. 稳定地；平稳地；稳步地→(反) ______ adj. 不稳定的；不平稳的；不稳步的 20． ______ n. 领导；领导地位；领导才能→ ______ n. 领导→lead v. 引路；引领；领先→ __________________adj. 领先的；前列的 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 选择性必修二Unit 1 知识点检测 一．单词拼写 1. This was not a fact, but she did not (反驳) him. 2. The doctor tried to （说服）him to give up smoking, but he wouldn’t listen. 3. The press was (指控) of being subservient to the government. 4. Out of (好奇心), he put those fragrant berries into his mouth and chewed them slowly. 5. If there were no (自动的) washing machines, people would have to wash their clothes by hand or with hand-operated machines. 6. I (登上) the mountain and found a fountain with large amount of water. 7. (然而), until recently no one knew how they did this. 8. Dozens of companies are the poor family now. (资助) 9. The theatre under (建设) now will be completed in about three years. 10. These land and sea routes remained active (航道) between other cultures for centuries. 11. Many Chinese universities provide (奖学金) for students in need of financial aid. 12. Margarito (哽咽) up as he explained the accident to his mom and comforted her. 13. The concert will be (播送) live online. 14. By 1909, Picasso had (建立、确立) himself as a painter of great talent in Paris. 15. The first few years in the 21st century has (见证) the rapid rise of China as a world economic power. 2． 单句语法填空 第一层 1．I dream of traveling all over the world to satisfy my (curious). 2．Product placement is typically used in films with huge box-office success and TV shows with high (rate). 3． (trap) in the burning hotel, they felt terrified. 4．If you develop an appetite reading, it can give you endless hours of enjoyment. 5．Nay 30,2023 is a (memory) day, when the Shenzhou XVI manned spaceship was launched successfully. 6．With his (innovation) color combinations, van Gogh wanted to show others how to better appreciate a flower, the night sky, or a person's face. 7．Yangge was always essential part of the daily life of the Chinese that adapted to the times it was in. 8．Experts give priority solar energy with which we can replace that kind of material. 9．With the development of technology, our power (investigate ) and understand space has changed dramatically. 10．To sum up, it’s because of his (commit) to education that he earns the local people’s respect. 11．According to the spokesperson, the actions of the Japanese government are (contradict) to international conventions.. 12．Now, audio books can be easily downloaded from the Internet at the same, if not lower, prices as the print (edit). 13． (accuse) of giving away the secret of the company, the secretary was finally to be fired. 14．An (accuracy) description of the problem is the first step in solving it. 15．The authorities used quiet (persuade) instead of the big stick. 16．The relative department received the (complain) that their services were becoming from bad to worse. 17．The company’s (commit) made the villagers more relieved. 18．After a heated discussion, they failed to arrive at a (conclude). 19．Students need the ability to a logical argument. The preparation for their argument is currently under .  (construct) 20．He said the team (experiment) with different types of food products, but the models they got weren't as successful. 第二层 1．We are faced with two apparently (contradict) statements. 2．The vaccine was used to protect the whole population against (infect)． 3．The authorities no longer subscribe the view that disabled people are unsuitable as teachers. 4．I think Tom, rather than you is (blame) for the matter. 5．Pilcher (suspect) of giving away government secrets to the enemy. 6．Most customers were satisfied with the way their complaints (handle)． 7．Despite the (intervene) of the international community，the two countries were unable to settle their differences. 8. (decrease) the amount of rubbish and to protect the environment, more governments are requiring people to recycle materials. 9．(2020·天津卷)Thanks the Silence Machine, a British invention, you can get rid of the sound without upsetting the boy or his parents. 10．(2020·江苏卷) The health security systems of many countries are undergoing considerable_____________ (transform)． 第三层 1.(2020·全国卷II)The fur trade kept nutria in check for decades，but when the market for nutria collapsed in the late 1980s，the cat-sized animals (multiple) like crazy. 2．(2021·全国甲卷)It’s the seaside birds that deserve at least part of the blame getting Nick Burchill blacklisted at the Fairmont Empress Hotel in Victoria, Canada. 3．(2021·1月浙江卷)What has caused decrease in Australian children’s physical activity? 4．(2020·山东卷)In Samarkand, Mr Bissell admires the architectural wonders, while on his way to Bukhara he gets a taste of police methods when (suspect)of drug dealing. 5．(2020·全国卷III) If you do, you won’t be able (handle)it and the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that ruins everyone’s day. 6．(2020·全国卷III)Official reports suggest that the number of (household)with three generations living together had risen from 325,000 in 2001 to 419,000 in 2013. 7．(2020·全国卷III)Published (statistic) is the author’s statement about multigenerational family based on. 8．(2020·江苏卷)But if you do it too often, you can (改变；转变) in the eyes of others from a confident joker to a Chihuahua dog. 9.(2020·天津卷)They (transform) themselves into places where you can develop your love of knowledge，meet interesting people, or find out how to start a business. 10．(2021·全国乙卷)Since the effects were small, this may suggest that our creative (think) does not differ that much in response to total silence and 85 decibels of background noise. 11．(2021·1月浙江卷)—What did Dr Shultz think of the study? —It was a good try but the (finding)were limited. 12．(2020·江苏卷)Many of these genes produce (protein) that can improve blood sugar regulation and insulin (胰岛素) levels throughout the body and so are associated with improved metabolic health. 13．(2020·全国卷I)After that I (pour)oil into a pan and turned off the stove. I waited patiently until the oil was hot. 14．(2020·全国卷I) It’s this strange form that makes race walking such an attractive activity, however, says Jaclyn Norberg, an (assist) professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass. 15. (2021·全国甲卷)After spending some time looking at all the (defend) equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what better than to ride on a piece of history! 16．(2020·山东卷)It’s better to leave your listeners wishing for more than (shift) restlessly in their seats waiting for your speech finally to end. 17．(2021·全国乙卷)People (pour) into stadiums since the days of ancient Greece. In around 80 A．D., the Romans built the Colosseum, which remains the world’s best known stadium and continues to inform contemporary design. 3． 句型训练 1．我们还没决定去哪儿过暑假。(疑问词＋to do) We haven’t decided our summer holiday. 2．放学后我要去修自行车。(have sth.＋v.-ed) I’ll after school. 3．通常，公共汽车太拥挤，我们找不到坐的地方。(so...that) Usually, on the bus we can’t find anywhere to sit. 4．今年春季我国的所有学校推迟开学的原因是新冠病毒的全球暴发。(表语从句；定语从句) all schools in our country delayed opening this spring is that the novel coronavirus . 5．这位老师不能理解的是对她的课感兴趣的学生越来越少。(what引导主语从句，that引导表语从句) the teacher couldn’t understand was her lessons. 6．我感觉我的心脏好像停止跳动了。(as if引导表语从句) I felt . 7． I entered the teachers’ office to thank my social studies teacher. 颁奖典礼刚结束，我就走进教师办公室感谢我的社会研究老师。 8．The radio program was founded in 2016, . 该广播节目成立于2016年，旨在为学生提供一个分享学校生活的良好平台。 9．当她看到那只大白鲨时，她发出恐惧的叫喊。 She of terror when she spotted the white shark. 10．这是他第一次自己弄懂这个数学问题，这让他有成就感。 It was the first time that he the maths problem by himself, which gave him a sense of achievement. 11．当谈到最好的旅行时间时，人们的意见有很大的不同。(when it comes to; differ) for travel, greatly from person to person. 12．他总是全身心地投入自己的工作中，这就是他优秀的原因。( that’s why...) He is always committed to his work, and . 13．乌镇是浙江著名的旅游胜地之一，每年都吸引上百万的游客。(动词-ing短语作结果状语) Wuzhen is one of the famous tourist attractions in Zhejiang, . 14．我正要放弃，这时我们英语老师鼓励我坚持下去。(be about to) I our English teacher encouraged me to keep going. 15．中国政府一直致力于坚定文化自信。(be committed to) The Chinese government has always stronger cultural confidence. 16．让大家感到宽慰的是，警方抓住了设法挣脱警卫的犯人。 To everyone's , the police managed to catch the prisoner who had their guards. 四．教材与语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 John Snow Defeats “King Cholera” Cholera used to be one of the most feared1. (disease) in the world until John Snow showed how it could be overcome. Cholera, as 2. deadly disease of its day, threatened ordinary people. No one knew its cause or its cure. Every time cholera broke out, large numbers of 3. (frighten) people died. John Snow was determined 4. (solve) this problem. He knew only if he found its cause would it be controlled. There were two theories that 5. (possible) explained how people got infected. John Snow 6. ______________(subscribe) to the theory that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water. In 1854 another outbreak of cholera hit London. John Snow began to investigate. He marked the places on a map, 7. gave him a valuable clue about the cause of the disease. He found many of the deaths were near the water pump in Broad Street. Some households had no deaths 8. these people drank free beer. It seemed that the water pump was 9. (blame). He made further research and concluded that polluted water led to the disease. Finally “King Cholera” 10. (defeat). Thanks to John Snow, we now know how to prevent cholera. 五．单元主题与高考写作——用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识完成满分作文 假定你是李华，应你校校报英文版编辑邀请写一篇介绍亚历山大·弗莱明的短文，写作要点如下：1.简要介绍人物；2.人物的贡献；3.对人物进行评价。 1. (出生在苏格兰)，Alexander Fleming was brought up by his mother and his elder brother.Supported by them，the brilliant boy got educated in a medical school in London. 2. ___________________(大学毕业之后)，he made great contributions to medical science，but 3. (正是他发现了青霉素) earned him a lasting reputation.Once and for all，he was known for that achievement, 4. (为此他获得了诺贝尔奖)． It is clear that Fleming is one of the most outstanding scientists in history. 单词拼写 36．contradict 【详解】考查动词。句意：这不是一个事实，但她没有反驳他。结合所给汉语可知，表示“反驳”应为contradict，且位于助动词did not之后，所以此处使用动词原形。故填contradict。 37．persuade 【详解】考查动词。句意：医生努力劝他戒烟，但他不听。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“说服”可用persuade，为动词，而这里考查try to do sth表“努力做某事”，所以此空应填动词原形。故填persuade。 38．accused 【详解】考查动词。句意：媒体被指控对政府唯命是从。表示“指控”用accuse，与The press为被动关系，本空用过去分词，与空前的was构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填accused。 39．curiosity 【详解】考查名词。句意：出于好奇，他把那些香味扑鼻的浆果放进嘴里，慢慢地嚼着。根据汉语提示可知应用名词curiosity，短语out of curiosity表示“出于好奇”。故填curiosity。 40．automatic 【详解】考查形容词。句意：如果没有自动洗衣机，人们将不得不手洗或用手动洗衣机洗衣服。根据汉语提示可知应用形容词automatic，作定语修饰名词machines。故填automatic。 41．mounted 【详解】考查动词。句意：我登上了山，发现了一个水量很大的喷泉。本句缺少谓语，所以空处应填动词，根据所给中文提示词，应是mount意为“登上”，根据后文的found可知，用一般过去时。故填mounted。 42．Nevertheless/However 【详解】考查副词。句意：然而，直到最近，还没有人知道他们是怎么做到的。空处应填副词修饰整个句子，根据所给中文提示词，应是nevertheless和however意为“然而”，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Nevertheless/However。 43．sponsoring/funding 【详解】考查动词。句意：现在有几十家公司在资助这个贫穷的家庭。根据汉语提示可知，sponsor/fund“资助”，动词，结合are可知句子是现在进行时，空处使用现在分词，故填sponsoring/funding。 44．construction 【详解】考查名词。句意：现在正在建设的剧院将在大约三年后完工。根据汉语提示可知应用名词construction，短语under construction表示“正在建设”，故填construction。 45．channels 【详解】考查名词。句意：几个世纪以来，这些陆路和海路一直是交流其他文化的活跃渠道。根据汉语提示可知应用名词channel，根据上文These land and sea routes可知为复数。故填channels。 46．scholarship 【详解】考查名词。句意：许多中国大学为需要经济资助的学生提供奖学金。表示“奖学金”应用名词scholarship作宾语，不可数。故填scholarship。 47．choked 【详解】考查动词。句意：马加里托哽咽着向妈妈解释事故原因，安慰她。根据汉语提示可知应用动词choke，结合后文explained可知为一般过去时。故填choked。 48．broadcast 【详解】考查动词。句意：音乐会将在网上进行现场直播。动词“播送”英文为broadcast，与主语The concert之间为被动关系，所以be动词后接动词过去分词形式。故填broadcast。 49．established 【详解】考查动词。句意：到1909年，毕加索已成为巴黎一位才华横溢的画家。根据句意及汉语提示可知，空处应填动词established“建立、确立”，由时间状语By 1909和had可知，句子应为过去完成时，空处应填动词的过去分词形式。故填established。 50．witnessed 【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：21世纪的头几年见证了中国作为世界经济大国的迅速崛起。根据提示的汉语，表示“见证”应为witness，分析句子结构可知，此处与空前has构成现在完成时态，作句子谓语，且与主语为主动关系，所以此处使用过去分词形式。故填witnessed。 单句语法填空 1．curiosity 【详解】考查名词。句意：我想周游世界以满足我的好奇心。空处需要名词作动词satisfy的宾语。curious的名词形式为curiosity“好奇心”，为不可数名词。故填curiosity。 2．rating 【详解】考查名词。句意：植入广告通常用于票房大获成功的电影和收视率高的电视节目。作介词的宾语，应用名词rating，意为“收视率”。故填rating。 3．Trapped 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：被困在着火的旅馆里，他们感到害怕。句子主干成分完整，空处为非谓语，trap“把……困在”和they逻辑上是被动关系，因此用trap的过去分词形式，作状语，且句首单词的首字母应大写。故填Trapped。 4．for 【详解】考查介词。句意：如果你培养了阅读的兴趣，它会给你无尽的享受。an appetite for“对于……的爱好”，固定搭配，故填for。 5．memorable 【详解】考查形容词。句意：2023年9月30日是一个值得纪念的日子，神舟十六号载人飞船成功发射。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词day，memory的形容词是memorable，意为“值得纪念的”。故填memorable。 6．innovative 【详解】考查形容词。句意：梵高想通过他创新的色彩组合，向别人展示如何更好地欣赏一朵花、夜空或一张人脸。提示词修饰名词combinations，用形容词innovative作定语，意为“革新的，创新的”。故填innovative。 7．an 【详解】考查冠词。句意：秧歌一直是中国人日常生活的重要组成部分，它适应了当时的时代。part是可数名词的单数形式，表泛指，前面要加不定冠词，essential是元音音素开头，因此不定冠词用an，故填an。 8．to 【详解】考查介词。句意：专家们优先考虑使用太阳能，因为我们可以用它来代替那种材料。give priority to为固定搭配，意为“优先考虑”。故填to。 9．to investigate 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：随着科技的发展，我们探索和理解太空的能力发生了巨大的变化。空处和understand并列，作修饰power的后置定语，根据understand为动词原形可知，investigate“探索”应用不定式的形式，在并列结构中understand前的to被省略。故填to investigate。 10．commitment 【详解】考查名词。句意：总而言之，正是因为他致力于教育，他才赢得了当地人的尊重。空处作because of的宾语，结合“to education”可知，commit的名词形式commitment“投入，奉献”符合题意，为不可数名词，commitment to表示“致力于……”。故填commitment。 11．contradictory 【详解】考查形容词。句意：发言人表示，日本政府的行为违反了国际公约。空处需填形容词contradictory，作表语。故填contradictory。 12．editions 【详解】考查名词。句意：现在，有声书可以很容易地从网上下载，价格与纸质书相同，甚至更低。空处作as的宾语，被the print修饰，结合“audio books”可知，edit的名词形式edition“版本”符合题意，且空前没有表示单数概念的修饰语，可数名词edition应用复数形式。故填editions。 13．Accused 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于被控泄露公司机密，这位秘书最终被解雇了。此处accuse与secretary构成被动关系，故用过去分词作状语，首字母大写。故填Accused。 14．accurate 【详解】考查形容词。句意：对问题的准确描述是解决问题的第一步。分析句子可知，此空应填形容词作定语，修饰后面名词。accurate表“准确的”，为形容词，符合句意。故填accurate。 15．persuasion 【详解】考查名词。句意：当权者平心静气地劝说，而不是施加压力。空处作动词的宾语，用persuade的名词形式persuasion。故填persuasion。 16．complaint 【详解】考查名词。句意：有关部门接到投诉说他们的服务每况愈下。receive后接名词complaint作宾语。故填complaint。 17．commitment 【详解】考查名词。句意：公司的承诺让村民们松了一口气。分析句子可知，此空应填名词形式，在本句中作主语，commitment表“承诺”，在这里为不可数名词，符合句意。故填commitment。 18．conclusion 【详解】考查名词。句意：经过激烈的讨论，他们未能得出结论。作宾语，应用名词conclusion，不定冠词提示用单数。故填conclusion。 19． construct construction 【详解】考查非谓语动词及名词。句意：学生需要构建逻辑论证的能力。他们争论的准备工作目前正在进行中。分析句子结构可知，第一个设空处位于the ability抽象名词后需使用不定式作后置定语，其中不定式符号to已给出，第二个设空处位于介词后，需使用名词作宾语，故填①construct；②construction。 20．had experimented 【详解】考查时态。句意：他说，该团队已经试验了不同类型的食品，但他们得到的模型并不成功。这里为从句的谓语动词，根据主句谓语said可知，从句时态为过去完成时。故填had experimented。 1．We are faced with two apparently contradictory (contradict) statements. 2．The vaccine was used to protect the whole population against infection (infect)． 3．The authorities no longer subscribe to the view that disabled people are unsuitable as teachers. 4．I think Tom, rather than you is to blame (blame) for the matter. 5．Pilcher was suspected (suspect) of giving away government secrets to the enemy. 6．Most customers were satisfied with the way their complaints were handled (handle)． 7．Despite the intervention (intervene) of the international community，the two countries were unable to settle their differences. 8. To decrease (decrease) the amount of rubbish and to protect the environment, more governments are requiring people to recycle materials. 9．(2020·天津卷)Thanks to the Silence Machine, a British invention, you can get rid of the sound without upsetting the boy or his parents. 10．(2020·江苏卷) The health security systems of many countries are undergoing considerable transformation (transform)． 1.(2020·全国卷II)The fur trade kept nutria in check for decades，but when the market for nutria collapsed in the late 1980s，the cat-sized animals multiplied (multiple) like crazy. 2．(2021·全国甲卷)It’s the seaside birds that deserve at least part of the blame for getting Nick Burchill blacklisted at the Fairmont Empress Hotel in Victoria, Canada. 3．(2021·1月浙江卷)What has caused the decrease in Australian children’s physical activity? 4．(2020·山东卷)In Samarkand, Mr Bissell admires the architectural wonders, while on his way to Bukhara he gets a taste of police methods when suspected (suspect)of drug dealing. 5．(2020·全国卷III) If you do, you won’t be able to handle (handle)it and the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that ruins everyone’s day. 6．(2020·全国卷III)Official reports suggest that the number of households (household)with three generations living together had risen from 325,000 in 2001 to 419,000 in 2013. 7．(2020·全国卷III)Published statistics (statistic) is the author’s statement about multigenerational family based on. 8．(2020·江苏卷)But if you do it too often, you can transform (改变；转变) in the eyes of others from a confident joker to a Chihuahua dog. 9.(2020·天津卷)They have transformed (transform) themselves into places where you can develop your love of knowledge，meet interesting people, or find out how to start a business. 10．(2021·全国乙卷)Since the effects were small, this may suggest that our creative thinking (think) does not differ that much in response to total silence and 85 decibels of background noise. 11．(2021·1月浙江卷)—What did Dr Shultz think of the study? —It was a good try but the findings (finding)were limited. 12．(2020·江苏卷)Many of these genes produce proteins (protein) that can improve blood sugar regulation and insulin (胰岛素) levels throughout the body and so are associated with improved metabolic health. 13．(2020·全国卷I)After that I poured (pour)oil into a pan and turned off the stove. I waited patiently until the oil was hot. 14．(2020·全国卷I) It’s this strange form that makes race walking such an attractive activity, however, says Jaclyn Norberg, an assistant (assist) professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass. 15. (2021·全国甲卷)After spending some time looking at all the defensive (defend) equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what better than to ride on a piece of history! 16．(2020·山东卷)It’s better to leave your listeners wishing for more than shifting (shift) restlessly in their seats waiting for your speech finally to end. 17．(2021·全国乙卷)People have been pouring (pour) into stadiums since the days of ancient Greece. In around 80 A．D., the Romans built the Colosseum, which remains the world’s best known stadium and continues to inform contemporary design. 1．我们还没决定去哪儿过暑假。(疑问词＋to do) We haven’t decided where to go for our summer holiday. 2．放学后我要去修自行车。(have sth.＋v.-ed) I’ll have my bike repaired after school. 3．通常，公共汽车太拥挤，我们找不到坐的地方。(so...that) Usually, it’s so crowded on the bus that we can’t find anywhere to sit. 4．今年春季我国的所有学校推迟开学的原因是新冠病毒的全球暴发。(表语从句；定语从句) The reason why all schools in our country delayed opening this spring is that the novel coronavirus broke out all over the world . 5．这位老师不能理解的是对她的课感兴趣的学生越来越少。(what引导主语从句，that引导表语从句) What the teacher couldn’t understand was that fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons. 6．我感觉我的心脏好像停止跳动了。(as if引导表语从句) I felt as if my heart had stopped . 51．Hardly had the award presentation been over when 【详解】考查部分倒装和动词时态。表示“刚……就……”用固定短语hardly...when...，该结构中主句时态是过去完成时，从句时态是一般过去时，hardly表示否定意义，置于句首时，后面使用部分倒装结构。表示“颁奖典礼”用the award presentation，表示“结束”用be over，该动作发生在entered之前即过去的过去，故使用过去完成时。句首单词首字母大写。故填Hardly had the award presentation been over when。 52．aiming to provide a good platform for the students to share their school life 【详解】考查非谓语动词。根据英汉意思对比可知，空处应填“旨在为学生提供一个分享学校生活的良好平台”，应用动词短语aim to do sth.“旨在做某事”，句子已有谓语动词“was founded”，应用非谓语形式，句子主语The radio program与aim to do是主动关系，应用现在分词形式aiming作状语，“为……提供……”应用动词短语provide sth. for sb.，“良好平台”翻译为a good platform，“学生”翻译为the students，“分享学校生活”应用不定式形式做目的状语to share their school life。故填aiming to provide a good platform for the students to share their school life。 53．let out a scream 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“发出叫喊”，“发出”是let out，“叫喊”是a scream，由when she spotted可知，句子时态是一般过去时，空格处动词用过去式，因此空格处是let out a scream。故填let out a scream。 54． had figured out 【详解】考查固定句型和动词短语。表示“这是某人第一次做某事”用固定句型：It is/was the first time that+从句，主句用一般过去时，从句中谓语动词用过去完成时had done。结合句意，“弄懂”可用动词短语figure out表示，用过去完成时had figured out。故填had；figured out。 55． When it comes to the best time opinions differ 【详解】考查固定句型，时态和主谓一致。对比中英文句子可知，第一空意为“当谈到最好的时间时”，第二空意为“意见不同”，“当谈到……时”是when it comes to，“最好的时间”是the best time，“意见”是opinion，为可数名词，使用复数形式表示泛指，“不同”是differ，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语opinions是复数，differ用原形，位于句首的单词首字母大写，因此第一空是When it comes to the best time；第二空是opinions differ。故填①When it comes to the best time，②opinions differ。 56．that’s why he is outstanding 【详解】考查宾语从句，时态和主谓一致。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“这就是他优秀的原因”，“这就是……的原因”是固定句型that’s why，why引导的是表语从句，“优秀的”是outstanding，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语he是单数，因此其后be动词用is，因此空格处是that’s why he is outstanding。故填that’s why he is outstanding。 57．attracting millions of visitors every year 【详解】考查名词（短语）和非谓语动词。对比中英文可知，空处表示“每年都吸引上百万的游客”，“每年”应用every year，“吸引”可用动词attract，“上百万的”可用固定表达millions of，“游客”可用名词visitors，且句子主干成分完整，空处表示随着谓语行为自然发生的结果，作结果状语，attract应用现在分词形式。故填attracting millions of visitors every year。 58．was about to give up when 【详解】考查固定结构和动词短语。对比中英文可知，空处表示“正要放弃，这时”，可用be about to do… when…的结构，结合“encouraged”可知，空处时态应用过去时，主语为I，be动词应用was，“放弃”可用动词短语give up。故填was about to give up when。 59．been committed to building 【详解】考查固定短语和动词。对比中英文可知，空处表示“致力于坚定……”，“致力于做某事”可用固定短语be committed to doing sth.，空前有has，时态为现在完成时，be动词应用been，结合“stronger cultural confidence”可知，“坚定”可用动词build。故填been committed to building。 60． relief/comfort broken away from/struggled free from 【详解】考查名词和动词短语。第一空表示“宽慰”应用名词relief或comfort；第二空表示“挣脱”短语为break away from或struggle free from，根据had可知为过去完成时。故填①relief/comfort；②broken away from/struggled free from。 教材与语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 John Snow Defeats “King Cholera” Cholera used to be one of the most feared 1. diseases (disease) in the world until John Snow showed how it could be overcome. Cholera, as 2. a deadly disease of its day, threatened ordinary people. No one knew its cause or its cure. Every time cholera broke out, large numbers of 3. frightened (frighten) people died. John Snow was determined 4. to solve (solve) this problem. He knew only if he found its cause would it be controlled. There were two theories that 5. possibly (possible) explained how people got infected. John Snow 6. subscribed (subscribe) to the theory that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water. In 1854 another outbreak of cholera hit London. John Snow began to investigate. He marked the places on a map, 7. which gave him a valuable clue about the cause of the disease. He found many of the deaths were near the water pump in Broad Street. Some households had no deaths 8. because these people drank free beer. It seemed that the water pump was 9. to blame (blame). He made further research and concluded that polluted water led to the disease. Finally “King Cholera” 10. was defeated (defeat). Thanks to John Snow, we now know how to prevent cholera. Ⅳ.单元主题与高考写作 用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识完成满分作文 假定你是李华，应你校校报英文版编辑邀请写一篇介绍亚历山大·弗莱明的短文，写作要点如下：1.简要介绍人物；2.人物的贡献；3.对人物进行评价。 1. Born in Scotland (出生在苏格兰)，Alexander Fleming was brought up by his mother and his elder brother.Supported by them，the brilliant boy got educated in a medical school in London. 2. After graduating from college (大学毕业之后)，he made great contributions to medical science，but 3. it was his discovery of penicillin that (正是他发现了青霉素) earned him a lasting reputation.Once and for all，he was known for that achievement, 4. for which he received a Nobel Prize (为此他获得了诺贝尔奖)． It is clear that Fleming is one of the most outstanding scientists in history. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 选择性必修一课内短语背诵 1． 短语背诵 1. The Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine 诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 2. make great discoveries 有重大发现 3. be awarded to sb. 被授予某人 4. a committed and patient scientist 一位忠诚而有耐心的科学家 5. with the objective of 目的是 6. in the fight against malaria 在抗击疟疾的斗争中 7. test a collection of dried leaves 测试一批干的叶子 8. acknowledge defeat 承认失败 9. destroyed its medical properties 破坏了它的药性 10. insisted on testing the medicine 坚持要试药 11. make sure that it was safe 确保这是安全的 12. upon doing sth. 一做某事 13. make a distinction between them 把它们区分开来 14. be quite distinct from one another 彼此截然不同 15. stand up to wear and tear 经得起磨损 16. commit himself to his research 致力于他的研究 17. come to a conclusion 得出结论 18. change one’s mind 改变主意 19. It struck him that... 他意识到... 20. the spiritual illness 精神疾病 21. make numerous contributions to... 为......做出巨大贡献 22. a courageous and kind figure loved by many people 一个勇敢而善良的人物，受到许多人的喜爱 23. due to his low scores 因为他的分数很低 24. manage to pass the exam 成功地通过考试 25. out of a strong passion for... 出于对…的强烈热情 26. come to power 执政 27. as a consequence 因此 28. take up a position as a researcher   担任；任职 29. make great achievements in physics 在物理学上取得巨大成就 30. the great loss of a brilliant scientist 一位杰出科学家的去世 31. suffer great poverty 遭受极度贫困 32. draw on his life experiences to write the novel 借鉴他的生活经历来写这部小说 33. be remarkable for 以……著称 34. in conclusion  总之 35. in/under the circumstance  在这种情况下 36. in/under no circumstance  决不；无论如何都不 37. a narrow defeat  惜败 38. It is apparent/ obvious that… ……是显而易见的 39. acknowledge doing/having done sth.  承认做了某事 40. acknowledge …as/ to be…  认为……是…… 41. It is widely/ generally acknowledged that  普遍认为…… 2． 课文单句语法填空。 1. In 1967, the Chinese government formed a team of scientists with the objective of discovering a new treatment for malaria, and Tu Youyou was among the first researchers (chose). 2. In the beginning, Tu Youyou went to Hainan, malaria was more common, to study malaria patients. 3. Later, the medicine was tested on malaria patients, most of recovered. 4. hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize she said, "The honour is not just mine. There is a team behind me, and all the people of my country. This success proves the great value of traditional Chinese medicine. It is indeed an honour for China’s scientific research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world.” 5. Albert Einstein, who is perhaps the greatest scientist in modern physics, is often considered one of ______________(smart) men who ever lived. 6. Einstein was not only a genius; he was a courageous and kind figure (love) by many people. 7. When he was 16, he tried to enter university in Switzerland, but failed due to his low scores in the general part of the entrance exam, obtaining exceptional scores in maths and physics. 8. After studying for another year, he managed to pass the exam, entering university in 1896 graduating in 1900. 9. While (work) there, out of a strong passion for knowledge, he continued to study, earning a doctorate in physics in 1905. 10. Circumstances changed in 1933, Hitler came to power in Germany. Einstein, who was Jewish, found the doors of academic institutions closed to him. 11. (follow) that, he continued to make great achievements in physics and mathematics. 12. He had a thick moustache and long white hair, sometimes stood on end as though he had just received an electric shock. 13. On 18 April 1955, it (report) that Einstein had passed away, and the whole world mourned the great loss of a brilliant scientist. 14. However, his influence is not based on his time in office, on his continuous struggle for a better society and his concern for all Chinese people. 15. It struck him that the other Chinese men in the photo apparently did not care about was happening to their fellow countrymen. 参考答案： 1. chosen 2. where 3. whom 4. Upon/On 5. the smartest 6. loved 7. despite 8. and 9.working 10. when 11. Following 12. which 13. was reported 14. but 15. what 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 【Unit 5 Working the land】 I. 单词默写 1. 2. hybrid n. ____________________ 3. devote vt. ____________________ 4. devote...to ____________________ 5. shortage n. ____________________ 6. ____________ vt. 解决（难题）；应付（局面）；处理 7. crisis n.____________________ 8. ____________ vt. 使增长；使兴旺 n. 增长；提高；激励 9. ____________ n. 产量；产出 vt. 出产（作物）；产生（收益、效益等） vi. 屈服；让步 10. ____________ vt. 使相信；使确信；说服 11. ____________ n. 特征；特点；品质 adj. 典型的；独特的 12. ____________ vt. （通常经过努力）获得；得到 13. ____________ adj. 传统的；习惯的 14. pollinate vt. ____________________ 15. assumption n. ____________________ 16. intense adj. ____________________ 17. ____________ vt. 克服；解决；战胜 18. ____________ vt. & vi. 扩大；增加 vt. 扩展；发展（业务） 19. ____________ n. 产量；输出；输出量 vt. 输出 20. ____________ vt. 估计；估价；估算 n. 估计；估算 21. domestic adj. ____________________ 22. consumption n. ____________________ 23. comprise vt. ____________________ 24. be comprised of ____________________ 25. generate vt. ____________________ 26. strain n. ____________________ 27. leisure n. ____________________ 28. deep down ____________________ 29. soil n. ____________________ 30. celebrity n. ____________________ 31. envision vt. ____________________ 32. sorghum n. ____________________ 33. broom n. ____________________ 34. grain n. ____________________ 35. ____________ n. 想象；视力；视野；影像 36. ____________ n. 现实；实际情况；事实 37. salty adj. ____________________ 38. urban adj. ____________________ 39. bomb n. ____________________ vt. ____________________ 40. tunnel n. ____________________ 41. extension n. ____________________ 42. chemical adj. ____________________ n. ____________________ 43. wheat n. ____________________ 44. flavor n. ____________________ 45. fertiliser n. ____________________ 46. nutritional adj. ____________________ 47. nutritious adj. ____________________ 48. nutrition n. ____________________ 49. alleviate vt. ____________________ 50. poverty n. ____________________ 51. organic adj. ____________________ 52. pesticide n. ____________________ 53. widespread adj. ____________________ 54. bacterium n. ____________________ 55. in turn ____________________ 56. ____________ vt. & vi. 消化 vt. 领会；领悟 n. 摘要；文摘 57. ____________ adj. 完全必要的；极其重要的 58. mineral n. ____________________ 59. alternative n. ____________________ adj. ____________________ 60. grocery n. ____________________ 61. instance n. ____________________ 62. for instance ____________________ 63. depth n. ____________________ 64. root n. ____________________ 65. entirely adv. ____________________ 66. ____________ n. 方面；层面 II. 词性转换 1.convince vt. 使相信；使确信；说服→ adj. 确信的→ adj. 令人信服的 2．devote vt. 把……献(给)；把……专用于；专心于→ adj. 挚爱的；忠诚的→ n. 热爱；献身； 3． n. 消耗；消费→consume v. 消耗；耗费→ n. 消费者 4． n. 现实；实际情况；事实→real adj. 真的；现实的→ adv. 真正地；事实上 5． adj. 含盐的；咸的→salt n. 食盐 6． n. 假定；设定；(责任的)承担；(权利的)获得→________________ v. 假定；假设 7．expand vt.&vi. 扩大；增加　vt. 扩展；发展(业务)→ n. 扩大；膨胀 8． n. 不足；缺少；短缺→short adj. 短的；缺乏的；不足的→ v. (使)变短；缩短 9． adv. 全部地；完整地；完全地→entire adj. 完全的；完整的 10． n. 扩建部分；扩大；电话分机→extend v. 使延长；扩大 11． n. 向下(或向里)的距离；深(度)→deep adj. 深的；纵深的→ adv. 非常；深刻地 12． n. 贫穷；贫困→poor adj. 贫穷的→ adv. 糟糕地；不适 13．chemical adj. 与化学有关的；化学的n. 化学制品；化学品→ n. 化学→chemist n. 化学家；药剂师 14．nutrition n. 营养；滋养→ adj. 营养(物)的→ adj. 有营养的；营养丰富的 15． adj. 传统的；习惯的→ convention n. 惯例；习俗 16．intense adj. 热切的；十分强烈的；激烈的→ n. 增强；加剧；紧张 17．digest vt.&vi. 消化　vt. 领会；领悟→ 化；消化能力 III. 短语 1. 自认为是农民 ___________________________________ 2. 奉献一生于... ___________________________________ 3. 追求科学事业 ___________________________________ 4. 令他最关心的是... ___________________________________ 5. 收成不佳 ___________________________________ 6. 食物严重短缺 ___________________________________ 7. 应对他的危机 ___________________________________ 8. 提高田地的产量 ___________________________________ 9. 确信 ___________________________________ 10. 获得比传统作物更高的产量 ___________________________________ 11. 是一个备受争议的问题 ___________________________________ 12. 通过不懈努力 ___________________________________ 13. 克服巨大的技术困难 ___________________________________ 14. 大幅扩大产量 ___________________________________ 15. 据估计... ___________________________________ 16. 由……组成 ___________________________________ 17. 因为他宝贵的贡献 ___________________________________ 18. 获得众多奖项 ___________________________________ 19. 鉴于,考虑到 ___________________________________ 20. 持续实现他的梦想的能力 ___________________________________ 21. 想象稻谷长得像高粱一样高 ___________________________________ 22. 养活更多国内外的人 ___________________________________ 23. 尽管年事已高 ___________________________________ 24. 依然年轻，满怀憧憬 ___________________________________ 25. 处理这一危机 ___________________________________ 26. 投身于 ___________________________________ 27. 解决巨大的困难 ___________________________________ 28. 较少关注 ___________________________________ 29. 既然 ___________________________________ 30. 下定决心 ___________________________________ 31. 有强有力的证据表明... ___________________________________ 32. 毫无疑问 ___________________________________ 33. 可惜的是... ___________________________________ 34. 我有一种感觉... ___________________________________ 35. 在农业中广泛使用 ___________________________________ 36. 反过来 ___________________________________ 37. 富含营养 ___________________________________ 38. 转向 ___________________________________ 39. 例如 ___________________________________ 40. 远远无法满足需求 ___________________________________ 41. 进行大量农业研究 ___________________________________ 42. 有改善和维护自然环境的愿望 ___________________________________ 43. 为子孙后代 ___________________________________ 44. 良好的生活水平 ___________________________________ 45. 开始自己的水果种植生意 ___________________________________ 46. 缓解贫困 ___________________________________ 47. 预计 ___________________________________ 48. 想出更好的种植作物的方法 ___________________________________ 49. 提供经济帮助 ___________________________________ 50. 消除贫困 ___________________________________ 51. 过上体面的生活 ___________________________________ 52. 毫不奇怪 ___________________________________ 53. 被乡村生活所吸引 ___________________________________ 54. 实现个人目标 ___________________________________ 55. 照料他们的作物 ___________________________________ 56. 遭受虫害或疾病 ___________________________________ 57. 对……至关重要 ___________________________________ 58. 使某人能够 ___________________________________ 59. 事实证明, ___________________________________ 60. 以有机农业为中心 ___________________________________ 61. 定位系统 ___________________________________ 62. 仍处于初级阶段 ___________________________________ 63. 减轻负担 ___________________________________ 64. 被……包围 ___________________________________ 65. 随着这样的技术进步 ___________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 选择性必修一Unit 5 知识点检测卷 1． 单句语法填空。 第一层 1．The teacher’s selfless (devote) to the cause of education is well known，and all her students respect and love her. 2．He was concerned about the energy (short) and drought in the village. 3．He was (convince) that I was part of the problem. 4．With the (expand) of cities，many people sell off their old houses in the countryside and move into new flats in cities. 5．Worse，nearly 18 million children under the age of five around the world (estimate) to be overweight. 6．(2018·全国Ⅱ卷)According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total global fertilizer ________________(consume)． 7．Do something for fun. It helps you get relaxed, which turn can help you study better. 8．You can be paid in cash weekly or by cheque monthly; those are the (alternative)． 9．The committee (comprise) of representatives from both the public and local private businesses. 10．Ranging from 84 cm to more than 150 cm in (long)，long boards look like other skateboards. 第二层 1.(2020·全国卷I)When I come across the problems of learning in my study, my father will listen to me patiently and encourage me (overcome) the difficulties bravely. 2．(2021·浙江卷) He explained our basic task, the tractor fired up and we were off, riding down the field looking for weeds to spray with (chemical)． 3．(2020·全国卷III)Stories like that are more common in parts of the world where multigenerational living is more firmly (root)． 4．(2021·3月天津卷)These expansions into new worlds help us by giving us new perspectives. We begin to see the interconnectedness of one thing to another in all (aspect)of our life, of ourselves and the universe. 5．(2020·山东卷)Always make your presentation just a bit (short) than anticipated.It’s better to leave your listeners wishing for more than shifting restlessly in their seats waiting for your speech finally to end. 6．(2020·江苏卷)The tiny shops made economic sense, according to Robert Kerr, a founder of LoveFone.He said that one of the boxes (generate) around $13,500 in revenue a month and cost only about $400 to rent. 7．(2020·浙江卷)And “running a family household requires high-level planning and coordinating(协调), ” she says.“You have to organize the activities of the children and take care of the bills and (grocery)．” 8．(2020·全国卷II)Biologist Edmond Mouton runs the nutria control program for Louisiana.He says it’s not easy (convince) people that nutria fur is green, but he has no doubt about it. 9. (2021·全国乙卷) Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact(影响)travel to undisturbed places. It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become educated about the areas—both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural (characteristic), and often provides money for conservation and benefits the development of the local areas. 10.(2020·山东卷)According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research, both the size and _______________(consume) habits of our eating companions can influence our food intake. 11．(2021·3月天津卷)As it became clearer that fashion was what I wanted to do full time, the (real) of my day-to-day work at the insurance company became harder. I felt bored. 12． (2020·浙江卷)Thus, I began my lifelong interest in making things.I learned a lot about how (extend) the life of objects and transform them into something new and useful. 13．(2020·江苏卷)We did not speak the local language, did not know the customs, and more often than not, did not (entire) recognize the food. 14．(2021·3月天津卷)These (expand)into new worlds help us by giving us new perspectives. We begin to see the interconnectedness of one thing to another in all aspects of our life, of ourselves and the universe. 第二层 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Known as the “father of hybrid rice”， Yuan Longping considers 1. (him) a farmer because he continually works the land in his research.He looks like 2. (million) of Chinese farmers, for 3. ___________ he has struggled for years. Born in 1930 in Beijing, Dr Yuan graduated from Southwest Agricultural College in 1953.After 4. (graduate), he worked as a researcher.He realised that larger fields were not the solution 5. food shortage. Instead, farmers needed to boost yields in the fields they had.Through intense effort，Yuan got over enormous technical 6. (difficulty) and developed the first hybrid rice in 1974, which enabled farmers 7. (expand) their output greatly.Yuan’s rice has helped feed not just China，but many other countries that depend on rice as well.Yuan Longping cares little for wealth and fame.Instead, he 8. (make) large donations to support agricultural research. 9. impresses people most about Yuan Longping is his ongoing ability 10. (realize) his dreams.Despite his advanced years, Yuan Longping is still young at heart and full of vision, and everyone is waiting to see what he will dream up next. 二．短语填空。 1. Xiao Ming had always dreamed of becoming an astronaut. After years of hard work and perseverance, he finally (实现某人的梦想) and became a glorious spaceman. 2. Professor Li (把他的一生都奉献给) the cause of education, dedicating all his energy to cultivating the next generation of talents. 3. The university (由...组成) multiple schools and departments, covering a wide range of disciplines such as humanities, science, and engineering. 4. The new product was (远非) perfect, but it was a good start. 5. He was a kind and honest man （本质上）, who always adhered to his principles even in the face of temptation. 6. The film received widespread acclaim both (在国内外), becoming a classic work. 7. Since the reform and （开放）, China has opened its doors wider to the outside world, promoting economic development and improving people's living standards. 8. Faced with difficulties and challenges, he did not flinch, but bravely (承担) the heavy responsibility. 9. With the advancement of technology, many traditional industries are gradually （变成）new forms. 10. We should cherish our time and （充分利用）every minute and second to learn and improve. 11. The company （满足需求）of consumers with high-quality products and excellent services, winning a good reputation. 12. In the ever-changing market environment, businesses must constantly （适应） changes in order to maintain competitiveness. 13. After careful deliberation, he finally （下定决心） to quit his stable job and pursue his dream. 14. The customer （抱怨）the poor service attitude of the restaurant, demanding a reasonable explanation and compensation from the store. 15. The machine has been （在使用）for several years, but it still runs well, indicating its reliable quality. 16. The team members spoke （轮流）, each expressing their own opinions and providing valuable suggestions for the smooth progress of the project. 17. For environmental and economic reasons, many households (从...转向) coal heating ___________ using clean energy. 18. While encountering difficulties, she always (求助) her parents and friends for help and support. 19. (为了) stay healthy, he keep exercising, avoid smoking and drinking, and stay away from all kinds of bad habits. 20. China is a country with a long history and splendid culture, （例如）, the four great inventions are important achievements of ancient Chinese science and technology. 3． 经典句型训练。 1. (2020·全国卷III)考虑到您的日程安排，如果您能给我一些专业的建议，我将不胜感激。 ， I’d be very appreciative if you offer to give some professional advice. 2. 很大的声音会使人身体不适， 或使他们发狂。(make) Very loud noise can or drive them mad. 3. 据估计，每年有50名儿童独自来到英国。(estimate) every year 50 unaccompanied children arrive in Britain. 4. 医疗队包括10个医生和一辆救护车。(comprise) The medical team ten doctors and one ambulance. 5. 如果他今晚想去香港，除了坐飞机外别无选择。(alternative) If he wants to go to Hong Kong tonight，he . 6. 我们很有必要处理这个问题。(essential) we(should) deal with the problem. 7. 假定他能得到另一次机会，他肯定会成功。(given) ， he will surely succeed. 4． 单元主题与高考写作 用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识完成满分作文 假定你是中学生李华，你校正在举办“我最喜爱的农业科学家”为主题的征文活动。请你根据下面要点提示，描述你所喜爱的农业科学家，内容包括： 1．谁是你最喜欢的农业科学家； 2．这位科学家对人类所做的贡献； 3．你的感想或希望。 My favourite agricultural scientist Of so many famous scientists all over the world, I admire Yuan Longping most，who is an agricultural scientist of China. In 1973，he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that 1. _________________________ ______________________(极大地提高了农民们的粮食产量)．Today, 2. ______________________ (据估计) about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan’s hybrid strains. Though he has achieved his goal，he still 3. _________________________________________ (致力于水稻研究事业) so as to feed more people in the world.Yuan Longping has made such great contributions to mankind that he is respected and admired by people all over the world. All in all, we must learn from this great scientist 4. _______________________________(为了更好地为祖国服务)when we grow up. 参考答案 1． 单句语法填空 第一层 1．devotion 2．shortage 3．convinced 4．expansion 5．are estimated 6．consumption 7．in 8．alternatives 9．is comprised 10．length 第二层 1. to overcome 2. chemicals 3. rooted 4．aspects 5．shorter 6．generated 7．groceries 8．to convince 9. characteristics 10. consumption 11. reality 12. to extend 13. entirely 14. expansions 第三层 1. 2. himself 3. millions 4. whom 5. graduating/graduation 6. to 7. difficulties 8. to expand 9. makes 10. What 11. to realize 二．短语填空 1. fulfilled his dream 2. devoted his entire life to 3. be comprised of 4. far from 5. at heart 6. at home and abroad 7. opening up 8. took on 9. transforming into 10. make full use of 11. met the demands 12. adapt to 13. made up his mind 14.complained about 15. in use 16. in turn 17. have switched from... to 18. turned to 19. In a bid to 20. for instance 三．经典句型训练。 1. Given your busy schedule 2. make people ill 3. It is estimated that 4. is comprised of 5. has no alternative but to go by air 6. It is essential that 7. Given that he can get another chance 四．单元写作 1. enabled farmers to expand their output greatly 2. it is estimated that 3. devotes himself to research on rice 4. in order to serve our country better 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5课内短语和重点句子 I. 课内重点短语 1. consider himself a farmer 自认为是农民 2. devoted his life to 奉献一生于... 3. pursue a career in science 追求科学事业 4. what concerned him most was that... 令他最关心的是... 5. have poor harvests 收成不佳 6. had a serious shortage of food 食物严重短缺 7. tackle his crisis 应对他的危机 8. boost yields in the fields 提高田地的产量 9. be convinced that.. 确信... 10. attain a higher yield than conventional crops 获得比传统作物更高的产量 11. be a matter of great debate 是一个备受争议的问题 12. through intense effort 通过不懈努力 13. overcome enormous technical difficulties 克服巨大的技术困难 14. expand their output greatly 大幅扩大产量 15. It is estimated that... 据估计... 16. be comprised of 由……组成 17. because of his invaluable contributions 因为他宝贵的贡献 18. receive numerous awards 获得众多奖项 19. Given that 鉴于,考虑到 20. the ongoing ability to fulfill his dreams 持续实现他的梦想的能力 21. envision rice plants as tall as sorghum 想象稻谷长得像高粱一样高 22. feed more people at home and abroad 养活更多国内外的人 23. Despite his advanced years 尽管年事已高 24. be still young at heart and full of vision 依然年轻，满怀憧憬 25. deal with this crisis 处理这一危机 26. commit oneself to 投身于 27. solve enormous difficulties 解决巨大的困难 28. pay less attention to 较少关注 29. Now that 既然 30. make up their minds 下定决心 31. There is strong evidence to suggest that... 有强有力的证据表明... 32. without a doubt 毫无疑问 33. It is a pity that... 可惜的是... 34. I have a feeling that... 我感觉... 35. be in widespread use in farming 在农业中广泛使用 36. in turn 反过来 37. be rich in nutrition 富含营养 38. switch to 转向 39. for instance 例如 40. be nowhere near able to meet the need 远远无法满足需求 41. conduct a lot of agricultural research 进行大量农业研究 42. have a desire to improve and maintain the natural environments 有改善和维护自然环境的愿望 43. for generations to come 为子孙后代 44. a good standard of living 良好的生活水平 45. start her own fruit-growing business 开始自己的水果种植生意 46. alleviate poverty 缓解贫困 47. be expected to 预计 48. come up with better ways to grow crops 想出更好的种植作物的方法 49. provide financial help 提供经济帮助 50. eliminate poverty 消除贫困 51. make a decent living 过上体面的生活 52. It is no surprise that 毫不奇怪 53. be attracted to life in the country 被乡村生活所吸引 54. fulfil personal goals 实现个人目标 55. tend to their crops 照料他们的作物 56. suffer from pests or disease 遭受虫害或疾病 57. be critical to 对……至关重要 58. enable sb. to do 使某人能够 59. As it turns out, 事实证明, 60. center on organic farming 以有机农业为中心 61. a positioning system 定位系统 62. be still in its infancy 仍处于初级阶段 63. ease the burden 减轻负担 64. be surrounded by 被……包围 65. with such technological advances 随着这样的技术进步 II. 课内重点句子： 1. Indeed, his slim but strong body is just like that of millions of Chinese farmers, to whom he has devoted his life. 事实上，他苗条而强壮的身体就像数百万中国农民一样，他为他们献出了生命。 2. What concerned home most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat. 使我们最担心的是农民经常歉收，有时甚至严重缺粮。 3. Yuan was convinced that the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice. 袁相信，可以在杂交水稻的创造中找到答案。 4. One characteristic of hybrids is that they usually attain a higher yield than conventional crops.杂交作物的一个特点是它们的产量通常比传统作物高。 5. The common assumption then was that it could not be done. 当时普遍的假设是，这是不可能做到的。 6. However, this is far from the case. 然而，事实远非如此。 7. What impressed people most about Yuan Longping is his ongoing ability to fulfill his dreams. 袁隆平给人印象最深的是他不断实现梦想的能力。 8. Scientists from different countries have been pursuing various possibilities to overcome food shortage.来自不同国家的科学家一直在寻找各种解决粮食短缺的可能性。 9. What Yuan Longping really cared about was not money or celebrity. 袁隆平真正关心的不是金钱和名誉。 10. That Yuan Longping had realized his dream of seawater rice surprised the whole world. 袁隆平实现了他的海米梦，震惊了全世界。 11. It surprised the whole world that Yuan Longping had realized his dream of developing seawater rice. 袁隆平实现了开发海水水稻的梦想，这让全世界都感到惊讶。 12. However, what she is unhappy about is the lower nutritional value and reduced flavor. 然而，她不满意的是营养价值降低，味道也变差了。 13. But inside there is usually more water than essential minerals. 但内部通常有更多的水比必需的矿物质。 14. Why different crops are grown is because they put important minerals back into the ground, making it ready for the next batch of crops. 为什么种植不同的作物是因为它们把重要的矿物质放回地下，为下一批作物做好准备。 15. Organic farming is nowhere near able to meet the meet. 有机农业远不能满足这一要求。 16. While the dream of most university graduates is to start a successful career in a big city, more and more young people are choosing to stay in their own hometowns so they can stay with their family and friends. 虽然大多数大学毕业生的梦想是在大城市开始一份成功的事业，但越来越多的年轻人选择留在自己的家乡，这样他们就可以和家人和朋友呆在一起。 17. With China’s population expected to continue rising in the coming years, the government understands the importance of agriculture. 随着中国人口预计在未来几年继续增长，政府明白农业的重要性。 18. Life in big cities is not all it’s cracked up to be. 大城市的生活并不像人们所说的那样美好。 19. Luck played a great part in farming. 运气在农业中起了很大作用。 20. There was a row of trees near his friend’s house, and one of them was much taller than the others. 在他朋友的房子附近有一排树，其中一棵比其他的树要高得多。 21. As it turns out, it is possible to grow plants without using soil at all. 事实证明，种植植物完全不需要土壤是可能的。 22. The field of agricultural robotics is still in its infancy, so there is still a need for human labor to harvest many crops. 农业机器人领域仍处于起步阶段，因此仍然需要人工来收获许多作物。 23. To help ease this burden, there are also robots that can help workers carry fruit and vegetables to storage areas. 为了减轻这种负担，也有机器人可以帮助工人将水果和蔬菜运送到存储区域。 24. Farmers of the future are more likely to be technicians working in control rooms, surrounded by computers and monitors. 未来的农民更有可能是在控制室工作的技术人员，周围都是电脑和显示器。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $Sheet1 consider himself a farmer 自认为是农民 ___________________________________ devoted his life to 奉献一生于... ___________________________________ pursue a career in science 追求科学事业 ___________________________________ what concerned him most was that... 令他最关心的是... ___________________________________ have poor harvests 收成不佳 ___________________________________ had a serious shortage of food 食物严重短缺 ___________________________________ tackle his crisis 应对他的危机 ___________________________________ boost yields in the fields 提高田地的产量 ___________________________________ be convinced that 确信 ___________________________________ attain a higher yield than conventional crops 获得比传统作物更高的产量 ___________________________________ be a matter of great debate 是一个备受争议的问题 ___________________________________ through intense effort 通过不懈努力 ___________________________________ overcome enormous technical difficulties 克服巨大的技术困难 ___________________________________ expand their output greatly 大幅扩大产量 ___________________________________ It is estimated that... 据估计... ___________________________________ be comprised of 由……组成 ___________________________________ because of his invaluable contributions 因为他宝贵的贡献 ___________________________________ receive numerous awards 获得众多奖项 ___________________________________ Given that 鉴于,考虑到 ___________________________________ the ongoing ability to fulfill his dreams 持续实现他的梦想的能力 ___________________________________ envision rice plants as tall as sorghum 想象稻谷长得像高粱一样高 ___________________________________ feed more people at home and abroad 养活更多国内外的人 ___________________________________ Despite his advanced years 尽管年事已高 ___________________________________ be still young at heart and full of vision 依然年轻，满怀憧憬 ___________________________________ deal with this crisis 处理这一危机 ___________________________________ commit oneself to 投身于 ___________________________________ solve enormous difficulties 解决巨大的困难 ___________________________________ pay less attention to 较少关注 ___________________________________ Now that 既然 ___________________________________ make up their minds 下定决心 ___________________________________ There is strong evidence to suggest that... 有强有力的证据表明... ___________________________________ without a doubt 毫无疑问 ___________________________________ It is a pity that... 可惜的是... ___________________________________ I have a feeling that... 我有一种感觉... ___________________________________ be in widespread use in farming 在农业中广泛使用 ___________________________________ in turn 反过来 ___________________________________ be rich in nutrition 富含营养 ___________________________________ switch to 转向 ___________________________________ for instance 例如 ___________________________________ be nowhere near able to meet the need 远远无法满足需求 ___________________________________ conduct a lot of agricultural research 进行大量农业研究 ___________________________________ have a desire to improve and maintain the natural environments 有改善和维护自然环境的愿望 ___________________________________ for generations to come 为子孙后代 ___________________________________ a good standard of living 良好的生活水平 ___________________________________ start her own fruit-growing business 开始自己的水果种植生意 ___________________________________ alleviate poverty 缓解贫困 ___________________________________ be expected to 预计 ___________________________________ come up with better ways to grow crops 想出更好的种植作物的方法 ___________________________________ provide financial help 提供经济帮助 ___________________________________ eliminate poverty 消除贫困 ___________________________________ make a decent living 过上体面的生活 ___________________________________ It is no surprise that 毫不奇怪 ___________________________________ be attracted to life in the country 被乡村生活所吸引 ___________________________________ fulfil personal goals 实现个人目标 ___________________________________ tend to their crops 照料他们的作物 ___________________________________ suffer from pests or disease 遭受虫害或疾病 ___________________________________ be critical to 对……至关重要 ___________________________________ enable sb. to do 使某人能够 ___________________________________ As it turns out, 事实证明, ___________________________________ center on organic farming 以有机农业为中心 ___________________________________ a positioning system 定位系统 ___________________________________ be still in its infancy 仍处于初级阶段 ___________________________________ ease the burden 减轻负担 ___________________________________ be surrounded by 被……包围 ___________________________________ with such technological advances 随着这样的技术进步 ___________________________________ Sheet2 Sheet3 $ 【Unit 5 Working the land】 I. 单词默写 1. 2. hybrid n. ____________________ 3. devote vt. ____________________ 4. devote...to ____________________ 5. shortage n. ____________________ 6. ____________ vt. 解决（难题）；应付（局面）；处理 7. crisis n.____________________ 8. ____________ vt. 使增长；使兴旺 n. 增长；提高；激励 9. ____________ n. 产量；产出 vt. 出产（作物）；产生（收益、效益等） vi. 屈服；让步 10. ____________ vt. 使相信；使确信；说服 11. ____________ n. 特征；特点；品质 adj. 典型的；独特的 12. ____________ vt. （通常经过努力）获得；得到 13. ____________ adj. 传统的；习惯的 14. pollinate vt. ____________________ 15. assumption n. ____________________ 16. intense adj. ____________________ 17. ____________ vt. 克服；解决；战胜 18. ____________ vt. & vi. 扩大；增加 vt. 扩展；发展（业务） 19. ____________ n. 产量；输出；输出量 vt. 输出 20. ____________ vt. 估计；估价；估算 n. 估计；估算 21. domestic adj. ____________________ 22. consumption n. ____________________ 23. comprise vt. ____________________ 24. be comprised of ____________________ 25. generate vt. ____________________ 26. strain n. ____________________ 27. leisure n. ____________________ 28. deep down ____________________ 29. soil n. ____________________ 30. celebrity n. ____________________ 31. envision vt. ____________________ 32. sorghum n. ____________________ 33. broom n. ____________________ 34. grain n. ____________________ 35. ____________ n. 想象；视力；视野；影像 36. ____________ n. 现实；实际情况；事实 37. salty adj. ____________________ 38. urban adj. ____________________ 39. bomb n. ____________________ vt. ____________________ 40. tunnel n. ____________________ 41. extension n. ____________________ 42. chemical adj. ____________________ n. ____________________ 43. wheat n. ____________________ 44. flavor n. ____________________ 45. fertiliser n. ____________________ 46. nutritional adj. ____________________ 47. nutritious adj. ____________________ 48. nutrition n. ____________________ 49. alleviate vt. ____________________ 50. poverty n. ____________________ 51. organic adj. ____________________ 52. pesticide n. ____________________ 53. widespread adj. ____________________ 54. bacterium n. ____________________ 55. in turn ____________________ 56. ____________ vt. & vi. 消化 vt. 领会；领悟 n. 摘要；文摘 57. ____________ adj. 完全必要的；极其重要的 58. mineral n. ____________________ 59. alternative n. ____________________ adj. ____________________ 60. grocery n. ____________________ 61. instance n. ____________________ 62. for instance ____________________ 63. depth n. ____________________ 64. root n. ____________________ 65. entirely adv. ____________________ 66. ____________ n. 方面；层面 II. 词性转换 1.convince vt. 使相信；使确信；说服→ adj. 确信的→ adj. 令人信服的 2．devote vt. 把……献(给)；把……专用于；专心于→ adj. 挚爱的；忠诚的→ n. 热爱；献身； 3． n. 消耗；消费→consume v. 消耗；耗费→ n. 消费者 4． n. 现实；实际情况；事实→real adj. 真的；现实的→ adv. 真正地；事实上 5． adj. 含盐的；咸的→salt n. 食盐 6． n. 假定；设定；(责任的)承担；(权利的)获得→________________ v. 假定；假设 7．expand vt.&vi. 扩大；增加　vt. 扩展；发展(业务)→ n. 扩大；膨胀 8． n. 不足；缺少；短缺→short adj. 短的；缺乏的；不足的→ v. (使)变短；缩短 9． adv. 全部地；完整地；完全地→entire adj. 完全的；完整的 10． n. 扩建部分；扩大；电话分机→extend v. 使延长；扩大 11． n. 向下(或向里)的距离；深(度)→deep adj. 深的；纵深的→ adv. 非常；深刻地 12． n. 贫穷；贫困→poor adj. 贫穷的→ adv. 糟糕地；不适 13．chemical adj. 与化学有关的；化学的n. 化学制品；化学品→ n. 化学→chemist n. 化学家；药剂师 14．nutrition n. 营养；滋养→ adj. 营养(物)的→ adj. 有营养的；营养丰富的 15． adj. 传统的；习惯的→ convention n. 惯例；习俗 16．intense adj. 热切的；十分强烈的；激烈的→ n. 增强；加剧；紧张 17．digest vt.&vi. 消化　vt. 领会；领悟→ 化；消化能力 III. 短语 1. 自认为是农民 ___________________________________ 2. 奉献一生于... ___________________________________ 3. 追求科学事业 ___________________________________ 4. 令他最关心的是... ___________________________________ 5. 收成不佳 ___________________________________ 6. 食物严重短缺 ___________________________________ 7. 应对他的危机 ___________________________________ 8. 提高田地的产量 ___________________________________ 9. 确信 ___________________________________ 10. 获得比传统作物更高的产量 ___________________________________ 11. 是一个备受争议的问题 ___________________________________ 12. 通过不懈努力 ___________________________________ 13. 克服巨大的技术困难 ___________________________________ 14. 大幅扩大产量 ___________________________________ 15. 据估计... ___________________________________ 16. 由……组成 ___________________________________ 17. 因为他宝贵的贡献 ___________________________________ 18. 获得众多奖项 ___________________________________ 19. 鉴于,考虑到 ___________________________________ 20. 持续实现他的梦想的能力 ___________________________________ 21. 想象稻谷长得像高粱一样高 ___________________________________ 22. 养活更多国内外的人 ___________________________________ 23. 尽管年事已高 ___________________________________ 24. 依然年轻，满怀憧憬 ___________________________________ 25. 处理这一危机 ___________________________________ 26. 投身于 ___________________________________ 27. 解决巨大的困难 ___________________________________ 28. 较少关注 ___________________________________ 29. 既然 ___________________________________ 30. 下定决心 ___________________________________ 31. 有强有力的证据表明... ___________________________________ 32. 毫无疑问 ___________________________________ 33. 可惜的是... ___________________________________ 34. 我有一种感觉... ___________________________________ 35. 在农业中广泛使用 ___________________________________ 36. 反过来 ___________________________________ 37. 富含营养 ___________________________________ 38. 转向 ___________________________________ 39. 例如 ___________________________________ 40. 远远无法满足需求 ___________________________________ 41. 进行大量农业研究 ___________________________________ 42. 有改善和维护自然环境的愿望 ___________________________________ 43. 为子孙后代 ___________________________________ 44. 良好的生活水平 ___________________________________ 45. 开始自己的水果种植生意 ___________________________________ 46. 缓解贫困 ___________________________________ 47. 预计 ___________________________________ 48. 想出更好的种植作物的方法 ___________________________________ 49. 提供经济帮助 ___________________________________ 50. 消除贫困 ___________________________________ 51. 过上体面的生活 ___________________________________ 52. 毫不奇怪 ___________________________________ 53. 被乡村生活所吸引 ___________________________________ 54. 实现个人目标 ___________________________________ 55. 照料他们的作物 ___________________________________ 56. 遭受虫害或疾病 ___________________________________ 57. 对……至关重要 ___________________________________ 58. 使某人能够 ___________________________________ 59. 事实证明, ___________________________________ 60. 以有机农业为中心 ___________________________________ 61. 定位系统 ___________________________________ 62. 仍处于初级阶段 ___________________________________ 63. 减轻负担 ___________________________________ 64. 被……包围 ___________________________________ 65. 随着这样的技术进步 ___________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 选择性必修二Unit 1 短语 I. 一级短语 1. once and for all 最终地；彻底地 2. subscribe to 同意；赞同 3. thanks to 幸亏；由于 4. water pump 水泵 5. give birth (to sb.) 生孩子；分娩； 生育 6. in general 总的来说；总体上来看；通常 7. as a result of (作) 为……的结果；由于 8. theoretical framework 理论框架 9. make sense/make no sense 有道理； 讲得通/没道理，没意义 10. calm down (使) 平静下来； (使) 镇定下来 11. get down to doing sth. 开始认真做某事； 开始做某事 12. depend on 依靠 13. focus on 集中于；专注于 14. in charge of 主管；掌管 15. put pressure on 给……施加压力 16. in fact 实际上；事实上 17. in the form of 以……的形式 18. break out (战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始；爆发 19. come down 患(病)；染上(小病) 20. above all 最重要的是；尤其是 21. point out 指出 22. benefit from 从……获益 II. 二级短语 1. one of the most feared diseases in the world 世界上最可怕的疾病之一 2. causes severe diarrhoea, dehydration, and even death 导致严重的腹泻、脱水，甚至死亡 3. an outbreak of cholera 霍乱爆发 4. die from the disease 死于某种疾病 5. attended to sb. 照顾某人 6. lost his desire to destroy cholera 失去了消灭霍乱的愿望 7. subscribed to the second theory 赞同第二种理论 8. be determined to do sth. 下定决心做某事 9. be to blame for... 应为...负责 10. have the handle of the pump removed 将泵的把手拆了 11. Through his tireless efforts 通过他的不懈努力 12. thanks to 多亏了... 13. be considered the father of modern epidemiology 他被认为是现代流行病学之父 14. have a greater impact on... 对……有更大的影响 15. served his homeland with effort and devotion 尽心尽力地为祖国服务 16. be an extremely well-respected man 做一个非常受人尊敬的人 17. made the decision to switch his major to aviation 决定转学航空专业 18. protect and defend the country 保护和保卫国家 19. Over the course of the 1930s and 1940s 在20世纪30年代和40年代之间 20. conduct important research into rocket propulsion 开展火箭推进的重要研究 21. be put in charge of developing China’s rocket science 他负责发展中国的火箭科学 22. launched its first man-made satellite 发射了第一颗人造卫星 23. be traced back to... 追溯到... 24. earned the name of the father of China’s aerospace 赢得了中国航天之父的称号 25. in his fight against his disease 在他与疾病的斗争中 26. be willing to admit his faults 愿意承认他的错误 III.重点句子 1. It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. 这个女人似乎非常喜欢水泵里的水，所以她每天都叫人把水送到家里。 2. As a result of this evidence, John Snow was able to announce that the pump water carried cholera germs.有了这些证据，约翰·斯诺就能宣布水泵里的水携带着霍乱病菌。 3. The truth was that the water from the Broad Street pump had been infected by waste. 事实是，宽街水泵里的水已经被废物污染了。 4. Moreover, Snow was later able to show a link between other cases of cholera and the different water companies in London. 此外，斯诺后来还证明了其他霍乱病例与伦敦不同的供水公司之间的联系。 5. The people who drank this water were much more likely to get cholera than those who drank pure or boiled water. 喝这种水的人比喝纯净水或白开水的人更容易得霍乱。 6. Moreover, in his use of maps and statistics, Snow transformed the way scientist study diseases. 此外，斯诺运用地图和统计数据，改变了科学家研究疾病的方式。 7. Under Qians leadership, China developed the Dongfeng missiles, followed by the first generation of Long March rockets. 在钱的领导下，中国发展了东风导弹，随后是第一代长征火箭。 8. However, what might have made him such an outstanding and creative scientist was probably his strong interest in other things, such as music and drawing. 然而，使他成为如此杰出和富有创造力的科学家的原因可能是他对音乐和绘画等其他事物的浓厚兴趣。 9. His deep appreciation for art often gave him inspiration in his scientific research. 他对艺术的深刻欣赏常常给他的科学研究带来灵感。 10. Most people are familiar with images of him in his wheelchair, unable to move and using a computer to talk.大多数人都熟悉他坐在轮椅上的形象，无法移动，只能用电脑说话。 11. Since he came down with a disease which caused him to lose the use of most of his muscles his world became one of abstract thought. 自从他得了一种疾病，使他失去了大部分肌肉的功能后，他的世界就变成了抽象思维的世界。 12. Besides being brilliant, he was brave, though sometimes careless in what he said or did. 除了才华横溢之外，他还是一个勇敢的人，尽管有时候言行举止比较随意。 13. He was willing to say what others were afraid to say, and to dream of what others were afraid to dream about. 他敢说别人不敢说的话，做别人不敢做的梦。 14. This odd combination of characteristics had made him one of the greatest thinkers of the 20th and 21st centuries. 这些性格特点的奇特组合使得他成为二十世纪与二十一世纪最伟大的思想家之一。 15. In the early 19th century, when an outbreak of cholera hit Europe, millions of people died from the disease.世纪初，欧洲爆发霍乱，数百万人死于霍乱。 16. In time, he rose to become a famous doctor, and even attended to Queen Victoria when she gave birth. 随着时间的推移，他成为了一名著名的医生，甚至在维多利亚女王分娩时照顾她。 17. Another theory was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water. 另一种说法是霍乱是由食物或水中的细菌感染引起的。 18. He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days. 他发现，在两条特别的街道上，霍乱爆发得非常严重，10天内就有500多人死亡。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $