Unit 7 课时5 Section 4 Focusing culture,Cross-curricular connection,Project（课件）英语沪教版2024八年级上册

该初中英语课件以“自然的记忆”为主题，聚焦树轮这一核心载体，从新课导入“自然是否有记忆”切入，逐步展开树轮的结构特征（明暗环、季节生长痕迹）、科学功能（判断树木年龄、记录气候变化与自然灾害、追溯人类历史），通过阅读文章《The memories of trees》搭建语言学习支架，衔接跨学科的记忆科学内容。 其特色在于融合语言能力与思维品质培养，通过树轮术语标注、气候关系分析等任务提升学生信息提取与逻辑梳理能力，结合艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线及记忆实验设计，发展科学探究思维。采用问题链引导、思维导图梳理和实验实践法，学生能在语言学习中提升跨学科应用能力，教师可直接借助结构化资源实施高效教学。

Unit 7 Section 4 Focusing culture, Cross-curricular connection, Project The secret of memory 沪教版2024英语（八年级上） 1 学习目标 I can understand different ways to improve memory. talk about different types of memory. explain different memory techniques. use scientific findings about memory to help with my study and daily life. 2 01 新 课 导 入 03 应 用 实 践 06 回 顾 总 结 07 随 堂 小 练 02 学 习 理 解 04 迁 移 创 新 05 考 点 速 递 学习内容 3 新课导入 1 4 Human beings have the ability to remember the past. nature is also able to remember past events. Such as tree rings. Also call growth rings tree rings Every year the tree grows, there is a new ring. A ring includes a dark ring and a light ring, The rings can remember how old a tree is. A tree ring including a dark ring and a light ring Do you know something about tree rings? The light-colored rings are wood that grew in the spring and early summer, while the dark rings are wood that grew in the late summer and fall. the dark ring The light-colored ring Do you know something about tree rings? Tree rings also record the change of the climate. When the weather is fine for tree growth, the rings are wide. rainy season Do you know something about tree rings? Tree rings also record the change of the climate. When the weather is dry, it isn’t good for tree growth, the rings are narrow. dry season Do you know something about tree rings? A black area can tell us something about natural disasters. Scar(疤痕)from forest fire A black area. Do you know something about tree rings? Scientists study the rings can learn about something about climate and environment in a particular place. Scar(疤痕)from forest fire A black area. A tree ring including a dark ring and a light ring rainy season dry season first year growth Do you know something about tree rings? 学习理解 02 12 What have scientists learnt about memory? Think Human beings have the ability to remember the past. In one way, nature is also able to remember past events, and this helps scientists learn about the history of the Earth and humankind. 1 Read the article about tree rings to learn what they can tell us. The memories of trees Do trees have memories? This may seem like a strange question, but trees can actually tell us things about the past. When a tree is cut down, you can see something special inside: rings. These rings are the memories of trees. Tree rings contain lots of secrets from the forest. Every year the tree grows, there is a new ring. Scientists can count the rings to tell the age of the tree. They also study tree rings to learn about the climate and the environment. Tree rings are a record of the climate. Some rings are quite wide. This is a good sign as it means the tree grew well and was healthy. This happens when the tree gets enough sun and rain. When it doesn’t rain enough, the tree won’t grow as much, and the rings are narrow. Thanks to this, scientists can look at the tree ring patterns to learn about climate change in a particular place. Scientists also look at tree rings to study natural disasters. For example, sometimes there is a black area on a tree ring. This usually means there was a forest fire. If scientists count the rings from the black area, they can answer difficult questions, such as “When did the fire happen?” and “How common are forest fires?” Tree rings can also help us understand human history. For example, scientists can use tree ring patterns to learn the age of old buildings. Nowadays, they can even look at the chemistry of each tree ring to figure out exactly when the tree was cut down. Thanks to this new method, a team of archaeologists discovered that a Viking village in Canada was built in the year 1021 CE. It’s amazing that trees can tell us so much, even though they cannot talk! Notes Scientists have long studied tree rings. This branch of science is called dendrochronology . Experts in this field use tree rings to learn more about our world. They compare tree rings from different trees in the same area to collect data about the past. 科学家们对树木年轮的研究由来已久。这一学科分支被称为树木年代学。该领域的专家利用树木年轮来更多地了解我们的世界。他们比较来自同一地区不同树木的年轮来收集关于过去的数据。 1.cut down 2.tree rings 3.learn about 4.a record of the climate 5.in a particular place 6.natural disasters 7.figure out 8.even though 砍到，减少 树木年轮 了解 气候记录 在一个特定的地方 自然灾害 弄清楚 尽管 Scan the article and underline the phrases, then put them into Chinese 2 Why are tree rings useful? How do scientists make use of them? Complete the mind map below with the information from the article on page 110. are a record of climate change Scientists look at the tree ring patterns to learn about climate change in a particular place. provide information about natural disasters help us understand human history Scientists look at tree rings to study natural disasters. Scientists use free ring patterns to learn the age of old buildings. Read carefully and answer the questions. 1.How do scientists tell the age of a tree? By counting the tree rings. 2.What does a wide tree ring mean? It means the tree grew well and was healthy. 3.What can a black area on a tree ring usually indicate? It usually means there was a forest fire. 4.What can scientists learn about a particular place by looking at tree ring patterns? They can learn about climate change in that place. 5.How can tree rings help us understand human history? Scientists can use tree ring patterns to learn the age of old buildings and even figure out exactly when the tree was cut down with the new method of looking at the chemistry of each tree ring. 应用实践 03 20 3 Find the words and phrases in the article and match them with their meanings (1) contain (line 4) (2) particular (line 12) (3) natural disaster (line 14) (4) chemistry (line 24) (5) figure out (line 24) a used to refer to a specific person or thing b to discover the answer c to have / hold something inside d the chemicals that something is made up of e used to refer to an earthquake, flood, forest fire, etc. Summarize the article. Though it seems strange, trees can tell us about the past—their "memories" are the inner rings seen when cut down, which hold forest secrets. Each year a tree grows a new ring. Scientists count rings to know the tree’s age, and study them to learn about climate, environment and natural disasters: wide rings mean the tree grew well , narrow rings come from little rain, and a black ring area usually shows a forest fire. Tree rings also help understand human history. Scientists use their patterns to find old buildings’ ages, and now check each ring’s chemistry to know when the tree was cut down—this new method helped archaeologists find a Canadian Viking village was built in 1021 CE. It’s amazing that trees can tell so much without talking. 迁移创新 04 23 ... ... Over to you 4 What else do you know about tree rings? Share with your classmates A ring includes a dark ring and a light ring. The light-colored rings are wood that grew in the spring and early summer, while the dark rings are wood that grew in the late summer and fall. 考点速递 05 26 1.This may seem like a strange question, but trees can actually tell us things about the past. 这似乎是个奇怪的问题，但树木确实能向我们讲述过去的事情。 seem like 似乎是，像。 1.This small cat seems like a soft toy when it curls up on the sofa. 这只小猫蜷缩在沙发上时，看起来像个柔软的玩具。 2.Learning English with games seems like a fun way to practice new words. 用游戏学习英语似乎是一种练习新单词的有趣方式。 seem用法小结 1.seem + 形容词：表示 “看起来 / 似乎是……”，描述人或事物的状态。 2.seem + to do sth：表示 “似乎 / 好像做某事”，描述动作或情况。 3.It seems + that 从句：表示 “看起来 / 似乎……”，it 是形式主语，真正主语是 that 从句。 The math problem seems easy.这道数学题看起来很简单。 He seems (to be) a nice boy.他似乎是个友善的男孩） She seems to know the answer.她好像知道答案。 It seems that it will rain today.看起来今天要下雨了。 2.Tree rings contain lots of secrets from the forest. 树木年轮中蕴含着许多来自森林的秘密。 contain 是及物动词，表示 “包含；含有；容纳” This bottle contains water.这个瓶子装着水。 The book contains many interesting stories.这本书里有很多有趣的故事。 Apples contain a lot of vitamins.苹果含有大量维生素。 3.This is a good sign as it means the tree grew well and was healthy. 这是一个好兆头，因为这意味着这棵树长得很好，很健康。 sign 可作名词或动词，核心含义是 “标志、迹象、信号”。 1. 名词 表示 “标志；指示牌”：用于指明方向、规则或信息的标识。 表示 “迹象；征兆”：显示某种情况或事实的表现。 1.There is a “No Smoking” sign in the library. 图书馆里有一个 “禁止吸烟” 的标志。 2.Dark clouds are a sign that it will rain.乌云是要下雨的迹象。 3.She gave me a sign to come over.她给了我一个让我过去的信号。 sign、mark、symbol 的区别 单词 核心含义 常见用法场景 简单例句 sign 标志（指示信息）、迹象（显示情况） 指示牌、天气 / 身体的征兆、手势信号等 The sign on the door says “Closed”.门上的标志写着 “关门”。 A fever is a sign of illness.发烧是生病的迹象。 mark 记号（人为留下）、痕迹（自然 / 人为） 书写标记、污渍痕迹、成绩分数等 She made a mark on the map with a pen. 她用钢笔在地图上做了个记号。 There are marks of dirt on the shirt. 衬衫上有污渍痕迹。 symbol 象征（代表抽象意义） 代表国家、理念、文化的符号或象征物 The dove is a symbol of peace. 鸽子是和平的象征。 The red flag is a symbol of our country. 红旗是我们国家的象征。 简单总结： 看到 “指示牌、征兆”，想到 sign； 看到 “人为记号、留下的痕迹”，想到 mark； 看到 “代表抽象意义的象征”，想到 symbol。 3.Thanks to this, scientists can look at the tree ring patterns to learn about climate change in a particular place. 多亏了这一点，科学家们可以通过观察树木年轮模式来了解特定地区的气候变化。 particular “特定的；特别的；挑剔的”。 Do you have a particular color you like for your new bag? 你对新书包有特别喜欢的颜色吗？ She is very particular about her food—she doesn’t eat spicy things. 她对食物很挑剔，不吃辣的东西。（be particular about对…… 挑剔 / 讲究） I remember this story because it happened on a particular day. 我记得这个故事，因为它发生在某一个特定的日子。 5.Nowadays, they can even look at the chemistry of each tree ring to figure out exactly when the tree was cut down. 如今，他们甚至可以观察每棵树年轮的化学成分，以确定这棵树被砍伐的确切时间。 figure out 是动词短语 “弄懂；算出；推理出，找到（解决办法）” Can you figure out this math problem?你能算出这道数学题吗？ I need to figure out how to get to the park.我得弄明白怎么去公园。 She spent an hour figuring out the new game. 她花了一个小时才弄明白这个新游戏怎么玩。 6.It’s amazing that trees can tell us so much, even though they cannot talk! 令人惊讶的是，尽管树木不会说话，但它们能告诉我们这么多！ even though 是连词短语，核心含义是 “即使；尽管”，引导让步状语从句 Even though it rained heavily, we still went to the park. 尽管雨下得很大，我们还是去了公园。 She kept working even though she felt tired.尽管她觉得累，还是继续工作. even though 与 though/although 都表 “尽管”，但有细微差异。 连词短语 语气强度 特殊用法 例句对比 even though 较强（突出 “让步”） 不用于句末，只能引导从句 Even though it was late, we kept studying.（√） though 较弱 可用于句末（作副词） It was late. We kept studying, though.（√） although 中等 不用于句末，正式程度高 Although it was late, we kept studying.（√） Cross-curricular connection I Psychology* Scientists have done experiments to discover how memory works and why it fails. Let’s explore how we can remember better. Read the article from a science magazine about some findings on memory. Hermann Ebbinghaus was the first person to study learning and memory by carrying out an experiment on himself. Below are his findings: Ebbinghaus discovered a pattern in remembering. He found that in the first hour he forgot things very quickly. Although this slowed down, after about nine hours, people forgot about 60 per cent of what they tried to learn. Finally, he found that 24 hours after studying, people had forgotten around two thirds of anything they tried to learn and remember. This is the well-known “forgetting curve”. It starts with a sharp drop, followed by a gentle curve. Ebbinghaus’s work encouraged scientists to explore memory further and it became a field of study. He also helped create proper methods for experimenting in psychology. These are still used to this da 2 Discuss the questions below. (1)What can you learn from Hermann Ebbinghaus’s findings? From Ebbinghaus’s findings, we learn that: Forgetting is fastest in the first nine hours. Relearning forgotten things is easier than learning new ones. Meaningful things are much easier to remember than meaningless ones. Studying longer and more carefully helps memory last longer. Things at the start and end of a list are easier to remember. Studying in many sessions over time helps memory. Also, there’s a “forgetting curve” — 24 hours after learning, people forget about two - thirds of what they learned, with a sharp drop first then a gentle curve. His work pushed memory research and helped make psychology experiment methods. (2)Which finding do you think is the most helpful? I think the finding that studying in many learning sessions over longer periods helps memory most is the most helpful. Because if we review regularly, we can remember things better. Project Testing the memory techniques There are many techniques that can help improve our memory. In this project, you will choose two different memory techniques and do an experiment. Memory technique 1: ________________________ Memory technique 2: ________________________ Things to prepare: • A memory test e.g. a number or word recall test • A timer Experiment: Step 1 Find nine subjects for your experiment. You may select those of a similar age or those of the same sex to avoid the effects of age and gender. Step 2 Have each subject take a memory test. This first test will tell how good their memory is before they use the memory technique, and the results of this test are called the pre-test score. Step 3 Divide the subjects into three groups: Group 1: three subjects using memory technique 1 Group 2: three subjects using memory technique 2 Group 3: three subjects using no memory technique Step 4 The next day, have all subjects take the same memory test again. Record their scores. The results of the second test are called the post-test score. Step 5 Then compare the pre-test score and post-test score. Which group showed the biggest improvement? Which memory technique is the most effective? Share your findings with your classmates. Wits corner The true art of memory is the art of attention. — Samuel Johnson 记忆的真正艺术是专注的艺术。 —塞缪尔•约翰逊（英国作家） 回顾总结 06 43 1，学习了解大自然也有奇妙的记忆，如树的年轮，介绍年轮的秘密。 2，跨学科（心理学）学习：了解艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线。 3，学习一个检测记忆的技巧。 课堂小练 07 45 一、根据首字母完成单词 1.When a tree is cut down, you can see many round r______ inside it. They can tell us how old the tree is.​ 2.My best friend shared a s______ with me—she’s planning to learn to play the piano next term.​ 3.Please c______ the number of students in our class. The teacher needs to know if everyone is here.​ 4.The c______ in Harbin is very cold in winter. People often wear thick coats and gloves outside.​ 5.This path is too n______ for two people to walk side by side. We have to go one after another.​ ring secret count climate narrow 6.Tomato is a c______ vegetable. We use it to make soup, salad and many other dishes.​ 7.The wallpaper has a lovely star p______. It makes the room look bright and happy.​ 8.If you don’t know the meaning of this word, try to guess it from the c______ of the passage.​ 9.This bottle can c______ 500 milliliters of water. It’s good for taking to school.​ 10.It’s n______ to make small mistakes when you learn a new language. Don’t be too hard on yourself.​ normal common pattern context contain 二、用词的适当形式填空 1. He got ________ (lose) in the desert. 2.Before so many choices, I really don’t know which ____________ (choose). 3. A mouse _________ (run) away quickly if it _______ (see) a cat. 4. If you _________ (drop) a mirror, it _________ (break). 5. If I ________ (see) him next time, I _________ (tell) him how happy I am. 6. Eating ________ food like fruits and vegetables helps us live_________ every day.( healthy) lost to choose runs/will run sees drop breaks see will tell healthy healthily 7.My little brother loves_________ books, and he often asks his teacher for _________ ways to grow flowers at home. （science） 8. Can you tell me the __________ of this English word? I think it will help me write a more__________ story for my homework.(mean) 9. It’s _________ to feel a little nervous before a test, and_________ I calm down by taking a deep breath.(normal) 10. My cousin likes _________very much, so she enjoys doing small__________ experiments at home with her parents’ help.( chemistry) chemistry chemical science scientific meaning meaningful normal normally 1.她花了一个小时才弄明白这个新游戏怎么玩。 She_______ an hour ______ ______the new game. 2.尽管她觉得累，还是继续工作. She kept working _____ ______she felt tired. 3.当一棵树被砍倒时,你可以看到里面一些特别的东西:年轮。 When a tree ____ ___ ____, you can see ________ _______inside: rings 4.科学家可以通过观察树木年轮的图案来了解特定地区的气候变化情况。 Scientists can look at the tree ring patterns to _____ ______climate change in ____ _____ _______. 5. 树木的年轮也是自然灾害的记录。  _____ ______are  also a record of ______ _______.  spent figuring out even though is cut down something special learn about a particular place Tree rings natural disaster 三、完成句子 Thank you！ 51 $