精品解析：湖南省常德市临澧县第一中学2025-2026学年高二上学期10月月考英语试题

临澧一中2025年下学期高二年级第二次阶段性检测 英语 时量：120分钟 满分：150分 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What juice does the man want? A. Orange. B. Apple. C. Pear. 2. How did the woman buy the tickets? A. By phone. B. On the Internet. C. In person. 3. Who might collect the kids today? A. Their mother. B. Their father. C. Their grandmother. 4. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Business partners. B. Colleagues. C. Interviewer and interviewee. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. When to have a day out together. B. How to work to the deadline. C. Whether to go out today. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 6. What is the man’s advice for the woman’s trip? A. She should also check out Venice. B. She should only stay in Rome. C. She really should go to Pisa. 7. How many days will the woman probably spend in Rome? A. Two days. B. Five days. C. Seven days. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8. What major does Luke want to choose at GCU? A. Engineering. B. Business. C. Natural sciences. 9. What are the specialists responsible for according to the woman? A. Assessing students’ qualifications. B. Guiding students to choose a major. C. Calculating students’ credits. 10. What is the topic of the conversation? A. Academic performance. B. School application. C. Career planning. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 11. What type of class does the man volunteer to teach? A. A painting class. B. A dance class. C. A music class. 12. What talent does the woman have? A. Playing the guitar. B. Painting pictures. C. Singing songs. 13. Where are the man’s classes held? A. At a youth center. B. At a playground. C. At a park. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 14. What are children most likely to sleep with during the night tour? A. Sea turtles. B. Dolphins. C. Sharks. 15. When did the man originally plan to go on the tour? A. On October 12th. B. On October 19th. C. On October 26th. 16. What can visitors do after 8:00 p.m.? A. Listen to a speech. B. Watch a movie. C. Prepare breakfast. 17. What did the man do last night? A. He bought an air bed online. B. He enjoyed midnight snacks. C. He put away his sleeping bag. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18. What is the theme of the photo contest about? A. History of the town. B. Beauty of the town. C. Architecture of the town. 19. What is the requirement for the photo? A. It should be handed in by July 1st. B. It should be a high-quality physical one. C. It should come with a brief description. 20. What does the speaker mention at last? A. The public exhibition. B. The contact information. C. The shooting date. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A 2025 Metropolis Marathon Registration Guide The 2025 Metropolis Marathon will take place on December 1 in the districts of Downtown, Riverside, and Uptown. For interested runners, the following is a guide for registration. Registration Period From October 9 at 8 pm to October 14 at noon, participants can log on to either the official website of the Metropolis Marathon or the MetMar app. They can then select the corresponding races and events for registration. A drawing will be held, for which the results will be announced on the afternoon of October 24. After the results are announced, participants have to complete the registration payment before October 28 at noon. Registration Fee For foreign runners, the registration fee for the full marathon is $235 per person, $145 per person for the half marathon, and $80 for the fitness running program. Domestic runners pay $225, $135, and $70 respectively. Entry Requirements Direct entry is offered to top finishers of previous Metropolis races (e. g., Women’s Half Marathon, Riverside Half Marathon). Additionally, 100 participants from the 2024 Virtual Run can enter via lottery (抽签). Qualified runners must register between October 9 and October 17. Charity Program This year, the Metropolis Marathon will continue to offer charity spots. Registration opens at 8 pm on October 9 with a total of 800 seats available on a first-come, first-served basis. Charity runners who successfully register are automatically confirmed and do not need to enter the drawing. Key Notes ●Late payments will result in disqualification. ●International runners must provide valid (有效的) passports and medical reports. ●No refunds are allowed after October 28. 1. When will the registration result be released? A. On Oct 9. B. On Oct 14. C. On Oct 17. D. On Oct 24. 2. Who can get direct entry? A. Athletes of the 2024 Virtual Run. B. Participants of fitness running program. C. Winners of past Metropolis races. D. Foreign runners paying $235. 3. What can a runner do to secure a charity spot? A. Enter the runner lottery. B. Register within 800 seats. C. Pay an additional fee. D. Submit a charity application. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了 2025 年大都市马拉松的注册相关信息，包括注册时间、费用、参赛要求、慈善项目以及一些重要注意事项。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章“Registration Period”部分“ From October 9 at 8 pm to October 14 at noon, participants can log on to either the official website of the Metropolis Marathon or the MetMar app. They can then select the corresponding races and events for registration. A drawing will be held, for which the results will be announced on the afternoon of October 24. After the results are announced, participants have to complete the registration payment before October 28 at noon.(从10月9日晚上8点到10月14日中午，参赛者可以登录大都会马拉松官方网站或MetMar应用程序，然后选择相应的比赛和项目进行报名。将举行抽签，结果将于10月24日下午公布。结果公布后，参赛者须于10月28日中午前完成报名缴费)” 可知，注册结果将在 10 月 24 日公布。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Entry Requirements”部分“Direct entry is offered to top finishers of previous Metropolis races (e. g., Women’s Half Marathon, Riverside Half Marathon).(以前大都市比赛（如女子半程马拉松、河畔半程马拉松）的优秀完赛者可直接参赛)” 可知，过去大都市比赛的获胜者可以直接参赛。故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据文“Charity Program”部分“This year, the Metropolis Marathon will continue to offer charity spots. Registration opens at 8 pm on October 9 with a total of 800 seats available on a first-come, first-served basis. Charity runners who successfully register are automatically confirmed and do not need to enter the drawing.(今年，大都市马拉松将继续提供慈善名额。10 月 9 日晚上 8 点开始注册，共有 800 个名额，先到先得。成功注册的慈善跑者将自动获得确认，无需参加抽签)” 可知，跑步者可以通过在 800 个名额内注册来确保获得一个慈善名额。故选B。 B I want to send you all a quick email and express my feelings about school this rainy Monday morning. I cannot say enough about the experiences that my three kids are having at Goshen Postl. It has been such an amazing start to the school year. They all come home filled with enthusiasm and excitement about what they have been doing at school and the PBLs that involve them. I’d like to share with you a story of my two daughters using PBL this weekend — how my girls are applying what they are learning at school through a project at home. On a very rainy Sunday, they were looking for things to do. Anderson wanted to go outside and jump in the muddy puddles (小水坑)! Wesley was excited about the idea too, so they headed outside to play. When they came back, Wesley explained to me that they noticed the rain was flowing and filling all of the storm drains (排水管) in the front paths of our street. This is where the PBL comes in! They turned this little observation into a project, and came up with a plan to figure out where the water was coming from, why it was flowing the way that it was, and where it ended. They asked us to drive them down the street to see where it started and where it ended so that they could record this information. They then came up with their own theories, headed home and wrote about it in Wesley’s new notebook. All of this took hours, filled their afternoon, and created huge smiles on their faces and laughter between the two brothers! They have always been creative, but I can tell what you are doing at school is not only motivating them to be more creative, but giving them a framework on how to do it! Thank you! 4. What can we know about “PBL” from the passage? A. It is a plan of learning at home. B. It is a practice organized by schools. C. It is a way of learning based on projects. D. It is a program requiring parents’ involvement. 5. What does the third paragraph mainly talk about? A. Why kids did their observation. B. How kids carried out their project. C. What kids gained from their project. D. How parents helped kids with their plan. 6. What’s the author’s main purpose of writing the email? A. To show respect for the school’s headmaster. B. To give credit for the school’s effective teaching. C. To share her kids’ creative activities at home. D. To congratulate on the school’s achievements. 7. How did the author feel when writing the letter? A. Concerned and upset. B. Curious and amazed. C. Relieved and hopeful. D. Grateful and satisfied. 【答案】4. C 5. B 6. B 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章是一位家长写给学校的感谢信。文章对学校里的PBL的教学方式给予了高度赞扬。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“I’d like to share with you a story of my two daughters using PBL this weekend — how my girls are applying what they are learning at school through a project at home.(我想和大家分享一个我的两个女儿这个周末使用PBL的故事——我的女儿们是如何通过一个项目在家运用她们在学校学到的知识的)”可知，PBL是一种基于项目的学习方式。故选C。 【5题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段中“They turned this little observation into a project, and came up with a plan to figure out where the water was coming from, why it was flowing the way that it was, and where it ended. They asked us to drive them down the street to see where it started and where it ended so that they could record this information. They then came up with their own theories, headed home and wrote about it in Wesley’s new notebook.(他们把这个小小的发现变成了一个项目，还制定了计划：弄清楚雨水从哪里来、为什么会这样流动，以及最终流到哪里去。他们让我们开车载着他们沿街查看，找到水流的起点和终点，好记录下这些信息。之后，他们提出了自己的想法，回到家还把整个过程写在了韦斯利的新笔记本里。)”可知，第三段主要讲述的是两个孩子开展这个项目的过程，也就是“他们是如何开展这个项目的”。故选B。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“They have always been creative, but I can tell what you are doing at school is not only motivating them to be more creative, but giving them a framework on how to do it! Thank you!(他们一直很有创造力，但我可以看出你们在学校所做的不仅激发了他们更大的创造力，而且给了他们一个如何做的框架！谢谢你们！)”可知，作者写这封邮件的主要目的是感谢学校有效的教学。故选B。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据最后一段“They have always been creative, but I can tell what you are doing at school is not only motivating them to be more creative, but giving them a framework on how to do it! Thank you!(他们一直很有创造力，但我可以看出你们在学校所做的不仅激发了他们更大的创造力，而且给了他们一个如何做的框架！谢谢你们！)”可知，作者对学校教学的感谢以及整篇文章对孩子们在PBL项目中积极表现的描述，可以推断出作者在写这封信时感到感激和满意。故选D。 C We have more ways to access music than at any time in history and a whole world of unfamiliar styles to explore. The thrill of discovering new songs and new sounds can enrich people of all ages. Except, most of the time, it doesn’t. Our willingness to explore new, unfamiliar music declines with age. Academics have coined the term “open-earedness” to describe this phenomenon. Until around the age of 11, children are generally happy to engage with unfamiliar music. Early adolescence sees a reduction in open-earedness, but is accompanied by an intense increase in interest in music more generally. Open-earedness increases slightly during young adulthood, and then declines as we age. A major study involving more than 250,000 participants confirmed these changing behaviors. It also showed that the significance we give to music after adolescence declines, and the amount of music we listen to reduces from a high point of 20% of our waking time during adolescence, to 13% in adulthood. Researchers have different theories to account for these trends. One explanation for age-based reduction in music consumption simply assumes that responsibility-burdened adults may have less free time at their disposal (自由支配) to explore their musical interests than younger people. Some interpret the observed decline in music engagement in terms of psychosocial maturation. Adolescents use music as an identity marker and engage with it to navigate social circles. Adults have developed personalities and established social groups. As such, drivers to engage with new music are lessened. Some researchers argue that we shouldn’t use a person’s age to predict if their musical taste will stay the same, without first thinking about how we enjoy and use music at different stages of our lives. Teenagers tend to be very aware of what they are listening to. Adults who use music as motivation or accompaniment for activities such as exercise or household chores may be less conscious of the extent to which they actually do listen to new music. 8. What does the term “open-earedness” refer to in the passage? A. The ability to play music. B. The willingness to explore new music. C. The interest in music during adolescence. D. The significance of music in daily life. 9. According to the study, how does the amount of music listened to change as we age? A. It remains consistent throughout life. B. It increases from childhood to adulthood. C. It peaks during adolescence and then decreases. D. It gradually declines from childhood to adulthood. 10. What factor is suggested as one cause for a reduced interest in new music as people age? A. An increase in hearing sharpness. B. Less spare time due to responsibilities. C. An intense decrease in interest in music. D. Changes in personality and social groups. 11. Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A. Music Consumption: A Lifelong Journey. B. Factors Influencing Music Engagement in Adults. C. Adolescents and Music: Identity and Exploration. D. Decline of Open-Earedness: Age Affects Music Exploration. 【答案】8. B 9. C 10. B 11. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了探索新的陌生音乐的意愿会随着年龄的增长而下降这一现象并分析了其原因。 【8题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段“Our willingness to explore new, unfamiliar music declines with age.(我们探索新的、不熟悉的音乐的意愿随着年龄的增长而下降。)”和第二段“Academics have coined the term “open-earedness” to describe this phenomenon.(学者们创造了“open-earedness”一词来描述这种现象。)”可知，open-earedness指的是探索新音乐的意愿。故选B。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“It also showed that the significance we give to music after adolescence declines, and the amount of music we listen to reduces from a high point of 20% of our waking time during adolescence, to 13% in adulthood.(研究还表明，我们在青春期之后对音乐的重视程度会下降，我们听音乐的数量也会从青春期时占清醒时间的20%的高点下降到成年后的13%。)”可知，研究表明，听音乐的数量在青春期达到顶峰，然后下降。故选C。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“One explanation for age-based reduction in music consumption simply assumes that responsibility-burdened adults may have less free time at their disposal (自由支配) to explore their musical interests than younger people.(一种对基于年龄的音乐消费量减少的解释简单地假设，承担责任的成年人可能比年轻人有更少的自由时间来探索他们的音乐兴趣。)”可知，随着年龄的增长，人们对新音乐的兴趣下降的一个原因是由于责任而导致的空闲时间减少。故选B。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Our willingness to explore new, unfamiliar music declines with age.(我们探索新的、不熟悉的音乐的意愿随着年龄的增长而下降。)”和第二段Academics have coined the term “open-earedness” to describe this phenomenon.(学者们创造了“open-earedness”一词来描述这种现象。)”和以及下文内容可知，本文介绍了一项研究，研究表明，我们探索新的、不熟悉的音乐的意愿随着年龄的增长而下降，学者们创造了open-earedness一词来描述这种现象，并解释了导致这种现象的原因。由此可知，D. Decline of Open-Earedness: Age Affects Music Exploration(open-earedness的下降：年龄影响音乐探索)适合做本文最佳标题。故选D。 D Any schoolchild knows that a whale breathes through its blowhole. Fewer know that a blowhole is a nostril (鼻孔) slightly changed by evolution into a form more useful for a mammal that spends its life at sea. And only a dedicated expert would know that while toothed whales, such as sperm whales, have one hole, baleen whales, such as humpback and Rice’s whales, have two. Even among the baleen whales, the placing of those nostrils differs. In some species, they are close together. In others, they are much further apart. In a paper published in Biology Letters Conor Ryan, a marine biologist at the Scottish Association for Marine Science, suggests why that might be. Having two nostrils, he argues, helps whales smell in stereo (立体空间). Many types of baleen whales eat tiny animals known as zooplankton (浮游动物), which they catch by filtering them from seawater using the sheets of fibrous baleen that have replaced teeth in their mouths. But to eat something you first have to find it. Toothed whales do not hunt by scent. In fact, the olfactory (嗅觉的) bulb (球状物) — the part of the brain that processes smell — is absent in such creatures. But baleen whales still have olfactory bulbs, which suggests smell remains important. And scent can indeed give zooplankton away. Zooplankton like to eat other tiny creatures called phytoplankton (浮游植物). When these are under attack, they release a special gas called dim-ethyl sulphide (二甲硫), which in turn attracts baleen whales. Most animals have stereoscopic senses. Having two eyes, for instance, allows an animal to compare the images from each in order to perceive depth. Having two ears lets them locate the direction from which a sound is coming. Dr. Ryan theorized that paired blowholes might bring baleen whales the same sorts of benefits. The farther apart the sensory organs are, the more information can be extracted by the animal that bears them. The researchers used drones to photograph the nostrils of 143 whales belonging to 14 different species. Sure enough, baleen whales that often eat zooplankton, such as the North Atlantic right whale (北大西洋露脊鲸), have nostrils that are farther apart than those, such as humpback whales (座头鲸), that eat zooplankton occasionally. Besides allowing them to breathe, it seems that some whales use their blowholes to determine in which direction dinner lies. 12. What do we know about whales’ nostrils according to the first two paragraphs? A. They are developed merely for smell. B. They are adapted ones. C. They are not easy to detect. D. They are not fixed universally in numbers. 13. What plays a role when baleen whales hunt zooplankton? A. The smell that phytoplankton send. B. The teeth that baleen whales have. C. The sound waves that zooplankton create. D. The chemical signals that zooplankton give off. 14. How is the concept of stereoscopic senses explained in paragraph 4? A. By quoting a theory. B. By making a contrast. C. By using examples. D. By making inferences. 15. What is the position of nostrils related to according to the last paragraph? A. The ability to give off smells. B. The possibility to attract food. C. The ability to communicate. D. The ability to locate food. 【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍鲸鱼鼻孔的进化特点，分析须鲸双鼻孔的作用，尤其是其与嗅觉、定位食物的关联及不同须鲸鼻孔间距差异的原因。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Fewer know that a blowhole is a nostril (鼻孔) slightly changed by evolution into a form more useful for a mammal that spends its life at sea. (很少有人知道，喷水孔是鼻孔经过进化略微改造后的形态，对于终生生活在海洋中的哺乳动物来说更有用。)”可知，鲸鱼的鼻孔是经过进化适应海洋生活的改造形态，即“它们是适应后的形态”。故选B项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Zooplankton like to eat other tiny creatures called phytoplankton (浮游植物). When these are under attack, they release a special gas called dim-ethyl sulphide (二甲硫), which in turn attracts baleen whales. (浮游动物喜欢吃另一种叫做浮游植物的微小生物。当浮游植物受到攻击时，它们会释放一种叫做二甲硫的特殊气体，这种气体反过来会吸引须鲸。)”可知，须鲸捕猎浮游动物时，浮游植物释放的气味（二甲硫气体）起到了吸引作用，由此可知，浮游植物发出的气味在其中发挥作用。故选A项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Most animals have stereoscopic senses. Having two eyes, for instance, allows an animal to compare the images from each in order to perceive depth. Having two ears lets them locate the direction from which a sound is coming. (大多数动物都有立体感知能力。例如，两只眼睛能让动物比较两只眼睛看到的图像，从而感知深度。两只耳朵能让它们确定声音来自哪个方向。)”可知，作者通过“两只眼睛感知深度”和“两只耳朵定位声音方向”这两个例子，解释了“立体感知能力”的概念，由此可知，第四段是通过举例解释立体感觉的概念。故选C项。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Sure enough, baleen whales that often eat zooplankton, such as the North Atlantic right whale (北大西洋露脊鲸), have nostrils that are farther apart than those, such as humpback whales (座头鲸), that eat zooplankton occasionally. Besides allowing them to breathe, it seems that some whales use their blowholes to determine in which direction dinner lies. (果然，像北大西洋露脊鲸这类常以浮游动物为食的须鲸，其鼻孔间距比座头鲸这类偶尔捕食浮游动物的须鲸更大。除了用于呼吸，似乎部分鲸类还会借助喷水孔来判断猎物所在的方向。)”可知，鲸鱼鼻孔的位置（间距）与确定食物方向的能力相关。故选D项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） Cloud storage is a flexible and convenient way to store data with complete peace of mind. ____16____ This means you can store all your digital things remotely, without taking up space on your computer. There are two options available: public cloud storage allows you to share hosting space with other users; private cloud storage is the ideal choice for companies who want to have their data stored in their own environment. ____17____ Once you have registered and set up your account, you simply save your files via the internet using your username and password. This ensures your data remains secure and inaccessible to anyone else. Should you choose, you can put certain permissions in place, which makes it easy to share your data with your colleagues or your family. When you sign up to cloud storage, you can choose the amount of space you need. ____18____ You can store anything digital: all your files, videos and pictures. Whether you want to use this storage solution to store your family photographs or you want to use it to store your work documentation, you will find it quite convenient. Is it better than your computer or an external drive? The answer is a definite yes. Computers crash all the time. ____19____ External hard drives can still break, or fail. Here you also have the added risk of misplacing it or having it stolen. There are so many advantages to cloud computing, from the ability to access your data from wherever, whenever, to not needing expensive external storage devices. ____20____ A. You will find cloud storage very cheap. B. Cloud storage is very simple to use. C. It enables you to store your data on hosted servers. D. This is the most common cause of lost work and memories. E. Cloud storage providers offer multiple layers of data security. F. The only disadvantage, however, is that you need internet to access files. G. You can start with a small amount and increase the storage size later on. 【答案】16. C 17. B 18. G 19. D 20. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了云存储的优势、使用方法、存储空间选择以及与传统存储方式的对比。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Cloud storage is a flexible and convenient way to store data with complete peace of mind. (云存储是一种灵活且方便的数据存储方式，可以让你完全放心。)”以及下文“This means you can store all your digital things remotely, without taking up space on your computer. (这意味着你可以远程存储所有数字内容，而不会占用电脑空间。)”可知，此处应是在解释云存储的工作原理，即如何存储数据。C选项“It enables you to store your data on hosted servers. (它允许你将数据存储在托管服务器上。)”中的“it”指代上文的“Cloud storage”，且与下文的“store all your digital things remotely”相呼应。故选C项。 【17题详解】 根据下文“Once you have registered and set up your account, you simply save your files via the internet using your username and password. This ensures your data remains secure and inaccessible to anyone else. (一旦你注册并设置了账户，你只需使用用户名和密码通过互联网保存文件。这确保了你的数据保持安全，其他人无法访问。)”可知，本段主要介绍了云存储的使用方法，强调其简单易用。B选项“Cloud storage is very simple to use. (云存储使用起来非常简单。)”概括了本段的主题，即云存储的易用性。故选B项。 【18题详解】 根据上文“When you sign up to cloud storage, you can choose the amount of space you need. (当你注册云存储时，你可以选择你需要的空间大小。)”以及下文“You can store anything digital: all your files, videos and pictures. (你可以存储任何数字内容：所有文件、视频和图片。)”可知，此处应是在讨论云存储的空间选择及其灵活性。G选项“You can start with a small amount and increase the storage size later on. (你可以从少量开始，以后增加存储空间。)”，既承接了上文的“choose the amount of space you need”，又为下文的存储各种数字内容提供了空间上的灵活性。故选G项。 【19题详解】 根据上文“Is it better than your computer or an external drive? The answer is a definite yes. Computers crash all the time. (它比你的电脑或外部驱动器更好吗？答案是肯定的。电脑总是会崩溃。)”可知，此处是在比较云存储与传统存储方式（如电脑和外部驱动器）的优劣，并指出电脑容易崩溃的问题。D选项“This is the most common cause of lost work and memories. (这是工作和记忆丢失的最常见原因。)”进一步阐述了电脑崩溃的后果，即导致工作和记忆丢失，与上文紧密相连。故选D项。 【20题详解】 根据上文“There are so many advantages to cloud computing, from the ability to access your data from wherever, whenever, to not needing expensive external storage devices. (云计算有很多优点，比如无论何时何地都能访问你的数据，不需要昂贵的外部存储设备。)”可知，本段主要讨论了云存储的诸多优势。F选项“The only disadvantage, however, is that you need internet to access files. (然而，唯一的缺点是你需要互联网才能访问文件。)”指出了云存储的一个潜在缺点，即需要互联网连接才能访问文件，与上文的优势形成对比，使文章更加全面和客观。故选F项。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My father always loved gardening. Growing prize-winning vegetables was a serious matter for my father for another 20 years after his retirement. Growing vegetables was a business for my dad. Dates when everything was planted were carefully ___21___. The type of seed used, the fertiliser and the weather were all documented. Mum ___22___ a trip out for a holiday, but it was a thing of the past. “It’s too warm today,” Dad would say. “My vegetables will need a ___23___ every three hours.” As one crop was ___24___, another was already planted, so caring for vegetables was a non-stop job. Beyond our wildest dream, Dad ___25___ the local Loxton show, where he could ___26___ his gardening skills. We all thought this was great and the ___27___ of eating free prize-winning vegetables was even better. Mum complained, “He is ___28___ in getting them ready.” However, soon she loved others’ remarks about how ___29___ she was to have all the produce. Then came that fateful day. My dad’s 19 _____30_____ went into the show with first prizes coming home. Then he stayed up to _____31_____ his prize-winning vegetables, really gardening with interest. Rather than using any chemicals, Dad wandered, with insects caught, in case of a small hole on the vegetables. He then went rather quiet for weeks to the point where Mum was wondering what was in his mind. He finally _____32_____, “This year I won’t enter the show. It’s fair to give others a(n) _____33_____ to win.” Of course, Dad kept gardening, just in a more _____34_____ way, and both of my parents got to sleep all night and went on occasional _____35_____. Our fridges were still being filled. 21. A. recorded B. arranged C. fixed D. changed 22. A. complained about B. set aside C. brought out D. longed for 23. A. shade B. rest C. meal D. drink 24. A. sheltered B. harvested C. cooked D. attached 25. A. discovered B. updated C. designed D. celebrated 26. A. take up B. comment on C. show off D. pick up 27. A. delight B. feeling C. trick D. reward 28. A. occupied B. involved C. interested D. stuck 29. A. different B. enthusiastic C. lucky D. outstanding 30. A. performances B. prizes C. ideas D. entries 31. A. pick B. guard C. plant D. choose 32. A. announced B. whispered C. cheered D. requested 33. A. voice B. idea C. right D. chance 34. A. careful B. skillful C. relaxing D. casual 35. A. parties B. conversations C. jobs D. trips 【答案】21. A 22. D 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者的父亲在退休后重拾种菜的兴趣爱好，还参加了展览，最终成功获奖。后来作者的父亲认为自己应该给其他人获胜的机会，于是放弃参加展览，开始悠闲种菜，享受生活。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每样东西种植的日期都被仔细地记录了下来。A. recorded记录；B. arranged安排；C. fixed修理；D. changed改变。根据下文“The type of seed used, the fertiliser and the weather were all documented.”可知，父亲将使用的种子的种类、肥料和天气状况都记录在册。由此可知，此处表示所有蔬菜的种植日期都被仔细地记录下来。故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：妈妈渴望出去度假，但那是过去的事了。A. complained about抱怨；B. set aside把……放置一旁；C. brought out使显出；D. longed for渴望。根据下文中的“but it was a thing of the past. “It’s too warm today,” Dad would say. “My vegetables will need a ____ every three hours””可知，父亲现在需要照顾他的菜地，没有时间陪母亲一起出去度假，所以此处表达母亲是渴望出去度假的，但那已经成为过去了。D项意为“渴望”，符合语境。故选D项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“今天太热了，”爸爸会说。“我的蔬菜需要每三个小时浇一次水。”A. shade阴影；B. rest休息；C. meal一餐；D. drink饮料。根据上文中的“It’s too warm today”可推知，天太热了，蔬菜需要浇水。D项意为“饮料”，在此处引申为给蔬菜浇的水，符合语境。故选D项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一种作物收获了，另一种作物已经种下了，所以照料蔬菜是一项不间断的工作。A. sheltered提供庇护；B. harvested收获；C. cooked烹饪；D. attached附加。根据下文中的“another was already planted, so caring for vegetables was a non-stop job”可知，照顾蔬菜是一份不间断的工作，说明是作物的收割和种植在循环往复，所以设空处表示“收割（庄稼）”。故选B项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：出乎我们的意料，爸爸发现了当地的Loxton展览会。A. discovered发现；B. updated更新；C.designed设计；D. celebrated庆祝。根据下文中的“went into the show with first prizes coming home”可知，父亲参加展览会并获奖了，所以此处指父亲发现了当地的Loxton展览会。故选A项。 【26题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在展会上他可以炫耀他的园艺技术。A. take up开始从事；B. comment on评论；C. show off展示；D. pick up学会。根据上文中的“the local Loxton show”及语境可知，在展览会上，父亲可以展示他的园艺技术。故选C项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们都觉得这很棒，吃免费的获奖蔬菜的感觉更棒。A. delight高兴；B. feeling感受；C. trick诡计；D. reward回报。根据下文中的“eating free prize-winning vegetables was even better”及语境可知，作者一家都觉得这是一件不错的事，句中better说明的是“吃到免费的获奖蔬菜”的感受。故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他忙着把蔬菜准备好。A. occupied忙于……的；B. involved卷入的；C. interested感兴趣的；D. stuck卡住的。根据语境可知，父亲准备参加展览会，蔬菜需要提前准备好，所以此处指母亲抱怨父亲总是忙着准备蔬菜。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，很快她就喜欢上了别人说她能拥有所有的农产品是多么幸运。A. different不同的；B. enthusiastic热情的；C. lucky幸运的；D. outstanding杰出的，突出的。根据下文中的“to have all the produce”及语境可知，母亲拥有所有展会上的农产品，在别人看来母亲是幸运的。故选C项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我爸爸的19个作品参加了展览，并获得了一等奖。A. performances演出；B. prizes奖品；C. ideas想法；D. entries参赛作品。根据下文中的“went into the show”及语境可知，此处参加展览且获奖的是父亲的19个参赛作品，即他种植的19种蔬菜。故选D项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，他熬夜守护着获奖的蔬菜，兴致勃勃地种菜。A. pick采摘；B. guard看守；C. plant种植；D. choose选择。根据下文“Rather than using any chemicals, Dad wandered, with insects caught, in case of a small hole on the vegetables.”及语境可知，父亲不使用任何化学药品，而是亲自捉蔬菜上的虫子，说明父亲对蔬菜精心看守与照料。故选B项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他最后宣布：“今年我不参加这个节目了。给别人一个获胜的机会是公平的。”A. announced宣布；B. whispered低语；C. cheered欢呼；D. requested要求。根据下文中的“This year I won’t enter the show. It’s fair to give others a(n) ____ to win”及语境可知，父亲想让其他人也能获奖，所以决定今年不参加展览会，并将这个事情告诉大家，所以设空处表示“宣布”。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他最后宣布：“今年我不参加这个节目了。给别人一个获胜的机会是公平的。”A. voice声音；B. idea想法；C. right权利；D. chance机会。根据上文“This year I won’t enter the show.”可知，父亲今年不会参加展览会了，说明他想要给其他人获奖的机会。故选D项。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当然，爸爸继续园艺，只是以一种更放松的方式，我的父母可以睡一整夜，偶尔去旅行。A. careful小心的；B. skillful熟练的；C. relaxing令人放松的；D. casual随意的。根据下文中的“and both of my parents got to sleep all night”可知，作者的父母不必再熬夜了，说明父亲现在种菜相对于以前是更轻松了。C项意为“令人放松的”，符合语境。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当然，爸爸继续园艺，只是以一种更放松的方式，我的父母可以睡一整夜，偶尔去旅行。A. parties聚会；B. conversations对话；C. jobs职业；D. trips旅行。根据语境可知，在父亲以一种更放松的方式去种菜后，作者的父母不必再熬夜，闲暇时间也变多了些，所以偶尔还可以出去旅行，和上文“Mum 2 a trip out for a holiday”一致。故选D项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Diaojiaolou is a traditional residence of several ethnic minorities in China such as the Miao, Zhuang, Buyi and Tujia people. You can find a group of these houses ____36____ (locate) beside a river or in the ____37____ (mountain) areas of Yunnan, Guangxi, Hunan and Sichuan. The history of Diaojiaolou ____38____ (stretch) back 1400 years. The traditional residence, typically two to three stories high, is a wooden house built on stilts (柱子). The unusual structure is considered ____39____ masterpiece of clever carpentry. The high ____40____ (hang) floors of the structure are held up by wooden stilts, which give the house an unsteady appearance from afar. But a Diaojiaolou is, in fact, firmly fixed with its stilts further reinforced by stone blocks at ____41____ (they) bases. The ground floor tends____42____ (use) as storage space for firewood and farming equipment. Livestock (牲畜) stay on the ground floor, while people always live ____43____ it. These stilted buildings sheltered people from fierce beasts in ancient times. Nowadays they continue to provide protection from venomous snakes and insects ____44____ are not uncommon throughout China. These buildings also help prevent humidity-related diseases in southern China. ____45____ (additional), the cool breeze blowing through the windows of the upper levels acts like a kind of natural air conditioner. 【答案】36. located 37. mountainous 38. stretches 39. a 40. hanging 41. their 42. to be used 43. above##over 44. that##which 45. Additionally 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了我国苗族、布依族、壮族和土家族等少数民族特色建筑物——吊脚楼的历史、工艺及功能等。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：你可以在云南、广西、湖南和四川的河边或山区找到一群这样的房子。分析提示词locate(把……安置在/建造于)作后置定语修饰名词houses，是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语houses之间为被动关系，所以使用过去分词形式，故填located。 【37题详解】 考查形容词。句意见上题解析。设空处应用mountain的形容词形式mountainous来修饰名词area，表示“多山的”。故填mountainous。 【38题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：吊脚楼的历史可以追溯到1400年前。分析句子结构可知，此处应为谓语动词，结合句意可知，此处描述的是客观事实，stretch back意为“追溯到”，用一般现在时态，没有被动语态，主语the history是单数，谓语动词也用单数形式。故填stretches。 【39题详解】 考查冠词。句意：这种不寻常的结构被认为是灵巧木工的杰作。可数名词masterpiece在句中表示“一件杰作”，泛指，需要不定冠词修饰，故填a。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：结构的高悬垂地板由木桩支撑，从远处看，这给了房子一个不稳定的外观。此空是非谓语作定语修饰floors of the structure，hang表示“悬浮(在空中)”，与floors为主动关系，故填hanging。 【41题详解】 考查物主代词。句意：但事实上，吊脚楼是牢固固定的，它的高跷在基座上用石块进一步加固。空格修饰名词bases，做定语，应用形容词性物主代词。故填their。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：一楼通常用作木柴和农具的储存空间。固定搭配tend to do sth. 意为“通常做，倾向于做，往往会做”用动词不定式作宾语，又因tend与主语之间为被动关系，应用不定式的被动式。故填to be used。 【43题详解】 考查介词。句意：牲畜住在一楼，而人总是住在上面。根据上文中的“Livestock stay on the ground floor”以及表示“对比”的连词while可知，此处应表示“在……上方”，用介词为above或者over。故填above/over。 【44题详解】 考查关系代词。句意：现在，它们继续保护人们免受毒蛇和昆虫的侵害，这些在中国并不罕见。设空处引导定语从句，先行词为snakes and insects，因定语从句缺少主语，故填which/that。 【45题详解】 考查副词。句意：此外，从上层窗户吹进来的凉风就像一种天然的空调。分析句子结构可知，此处为副词作状语修饰后面整个句子，addition的副词为additionally，且位于句首，首字母要大写。故填Additionally。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假如你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter得知你所在的城市将举办一个中学生国画作品展览，特来信向你询问相关事宜。请你给他回信，内容包括： 1.展览的时间和地点； 2.展览的内容； 3.参观时的注意事项。 注意： 1.词数100左右； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 3.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Peter, _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Peter, You asked me about information on the Middle School Students’ Chinese Painting Exhibitio to be held in your last letter and the following is a brief introduction. The exhibition, the theme of which is “Amazing China”, will take place from next Monday to Friday in the exhibition hall located on the third floor of the City Museum. Some extraordinary artworks created by the middle school students will be displayed, including Chinese paintings, photography as well as delicate craftworks. By the way, taking photos is not permitted during the visit. It is also bad manners to talk loudly in the museum. Looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友Peter回信，介绍中学生国画作品展览的情况。 【详解】1.词汇积累 询问：ask→inquire 位于：locate→situate 出色的：extraordinary→brilliant 精致的：delicate→refined 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Some extraordinary artworks created by the middle school students will be displayed, including Chinese paintings, photography as well as delicate craftworks. 拓展句：Some extraordinary artworks, which were created by the middle school students, will be displayed, including Chinese paintings, photography as well as delicate craftworks. 【点睛】[高分句型1] The exhibition, the theme of which is “Amazing China”, will take place from next Monday to Friday in the exhibition hall located on the third floor of the City Museum. (运用了介词+关系代词结构定语从句) [高分句型2] Some extraordinary artworks created by the middle school students will be displayed, including Chinese paintings, photography as well as delicate craftworks. (运用了过去分词作定语) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The rain was sudden and heavy on a cold night over ten years ago. Moving all the way against the heavy rain, my bus could barely stick to its normal route and was forced to stop at the station due to flash flood. With still two kilometers to go, time ran against me picking up my four-year-old daughter from her childcare center. What waited for me was knee-high water. I had no choice but to struggle through in the pouring rain to buy a cheap plastic coat in the shopping mall for my daughter. After taking off my jacket and putting it into my bag to keep dry, I pulled up my skirt and took off my shoes, starting to run. Although I was wet through when arriving at the daycare center, I felt lucky to be only a few minutes late. Now I had to fix another problem. All means of getting home appeared impossible to me. There were no buses with the clock striking 6 p.m. I had no money to pay for a taxi. As the sky turned darker and darker, it seemed that we could never manage to get home. The only thing we could do was to stand outside the childcare center staring at the rain pouring down. There was no sign of stopping. Lost in my own thoughts, I just hardly noticed another parent pull up and race inside to collect his child ten minutes later. I did not recognize him and my thoughts turned back to my current situation. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式作答。 The rain was getting bigger and bigger. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Just when I was confused, I didn’t know when a man was standing beside me. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 The rain was getting bigger and bigger. I was just holding my daughter for fear that she would get wet. We both shivered in the cold, and I tried to shield her with my body as best as I could. My eyes were scanning the road desperately, hoping for a miracle — a passing car or a kind stranger. Each minute felt like an eternity, and my heart sank as the rain showed no sign of letting up. My daughter clutched onto me, her little hands cold yet somehow comforting. Just when I was confused, I didn’t know when a man was standing beside me. He tapped me lightly on the shoulder, a concerned look on his face. “Are you trying to get somewhere?” he asked gently. I explained our situation, and without hesitation, he offered us a ride. I was overwhelmed with gratitude as we climbed into his warm car. My daughter giggled with relief, and as we drove through the downpour, I realized that kindness and empathy still existed in the world, making the darkest nights a little bit brighter. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开。十多年前的一个寒冷夜晚，作者需步行两公里去接四岁的女儿。水深及膝，作者冒雨买了一件塑料雨衣给她。尽管到达幼儿园时已全身湿透，但只晚了几分钟。然而，回家的路却无计可施，没有公交车，也没有钱打车。二人只能站在幼儿园外，望着不停的大雨，不知如何是好。 【详解】1.段落续写 ①由第一段句首内容“雨越下越大，我抱着女儿生怕她被淋湿。”可知，第一段可以描写二人雨中的心理活动。 ②由第二段句首内容“就在我迷茫的时候，我不知道什么时候有个男人站在我身边。”可知，第二段可以描写男人的询问和帮助、作者的感悟。 2.续写线索：雨中抱着女儿——心沉了下去——男人站在身边——被帮助——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①颤抖：shiver/ tremble ②解释：explain/account for ③提供：offer/provide 情绪类 ①急切地：desperately/ eagerly ②感激：gratitude/appreciation 【点睛】【高分句型1】My eyes were scanning the road desperately, hoping for a miracle — a passing car or a kind stranger. (运用了现在分词作状语) 【高分句型2】I was overwhelmed with gratitude as we climbed into his warm car. (运用了as引导的时间状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 临澧一中2025年下学期高二年级第二次阶段性检测 英语 时量：120分钟 满分：150分 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What juice does the man want? A. Orange. B. Apple. C. Pear. 2. How did the woman buy the tickets? A. By phone. B. On the Internet. C. In person. 3. Who might collect the kids today? A. Their mother. B. Their father. C. Their grandmother. 4. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Business partners. B. Colleagues. C. Interviewer and interviewee. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. When to have a day out together. B. How to work to the deadline. C. Whether to go out today. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 6. What is the man’s advice for the woman’s trip? A. She should also check out Venice. B. She should only stay in Rome. C. She really should go to Pisa. 7. How many days will the woman probably spend in Rome? A. Two days. B. Five days. C. Seven days. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8. What major does Luke want to choose at GCU? A. Engineering. B. Business. C. Natural sciences. 9. What are the specialists responsible for according to the woman? A. Assessing students’ qualifications. B. Guiding students to choose a major. C. Calculating students’ credits. 10. What is the topic of the conversation? A. Academic performance. B. School application. C. Career planning. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 11. What type of class does the man volunteer to teach? A. A painting class. B. A dance class. C. A music class. 12. What talent does the woman have? A. Playing the guitar. B. Painting pictures. C. Singing songs. 13. Where are the man’s classes held? A. At a youth center. B. At a playground. C. At a park. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 14. What are children most likely to sleep with during the night tour? A. Sea turtles. B. Dolphins. C. Sharks. 15. When did the man originally plan to go on the tour? A. On October 12th. B. On October 19th. C. On October 26th. 16. What can visitors do after 8:00 p.m.? A. Listen to a speech. B. Watch a movie. C. Prepare breakfast. 17. What did the man do last night? A. He bought an air bed online. B. He enjoyed midnight snacks. C. He put away his sleeping bag. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18. What is the theme of the photo contest about? A. History of the town. B. Beauty of the town. C. Architecture of the town. 19. What is the requirement for the photo? A. It should be handed in by July 1st. B. It should be a high-quality physical one. C. It should come with a brief description. 20. What does the speaker mention at last? A. The public exhibition. B. The contact information. C. The shooting date. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A 2025 Metropolis Marathon Registration Guide The 2025 Metropolis Marathon will take place on December 1 in the districts of Downtown, Riverside, and Uptown. For interested runners, the following is a guide for registration. Registration Period From October 9 at 8 pm to October 14 at noon, participants can log on to either the official website of the Metropolis Marathon or the MetMar app. They can then select the corresponding races and events for registration. A drawing will be held, for which the results will be announced on the afternoon of October 24. After the results are announced, participants have to complete the registration payment before October 28 at noon. Registration Fee For foreign runners, the registration fee for the full marathon is $235 per person, $145 per person for the half marathon, and $80 for the fitness running program. Domestic runners pay $225, $135, and $70 respectively. Entry Requirements Direct entry is offered to top finishers of previous Metropolis races (e. g., Women’s Half Marathon, Riverside Half Marathon). Additionally, 100 participants from the 2024 Virtual Run can enter via lottery (抽签). Qualified runners must register between October 9 and October 17. Charity Program This year, the Metropolis Marathon will continue to offer charity spots. Registration opens at 8 pm on October 9 with a total of 800 seats available on a first-come, first-served basis. Charity runners who successfully register are automatically confirmed and do not need to enter the drawing. Key Notes ●Late payments will result in disqualification. ●International runners must provide valid (有效的) passports and medical reports. ●No refunds are allowed after October 28. 1. When will the registration result be released? A. On Oct 9. B. On Oct 14. C. On Oct 17. D. On Oct 24. 2. Who can get direct entry? A. Athletes of the 2024 Virtual Run. B. Participants of fitness running program. C. Winners of past Metropolis races. D. Foreign runners paying $235. 3. What can a runner do to secure a charity spot? A. Enter the runner lottery. B. Register within 800 seats. C. Pay an additional fee. D. Submit a charity application. B I want to send you all a quick email and express my feelings about school this rainy Monday morning. I cannot say enough about the experiences that my three kids are having at Goshen Postl. It has been such an amazing start to the school year. They all come home filled with enthusiasm and excitement about what they have been doing at school and the PBLs that involve them. I’d like to share with you a story of my two daughters using PBL this weekend — how my girls are applying what they are learning at school through a project at home. On a very rainy Sunday, they were looking for things to do. Anderson wanted to go outside and jump in the muddy puddles (小水坑)! Wesley was excited about the idea too, so they headed outside to play. When they came back, Wesley explained to me that they noticed the rain was flowing and filling all of the storm drains (排水管) in the front paths of our street. This is where the PBL comes in! They turned this little observation into a project, and came up with a plan to figure out where the water was coming from, why it was flowing the way that it was, and where it ended. They asked us to drive them down the street to see where it started and where it ended so that they could record this information. They then came up with their own theories, headed home and wrote about it in Wesley’s new notebook. All of this took hours, filled their afternoon, and created huge smiles on their faces and laughter between the two brothers! They have always been creative, but I can tell what you are doing at school is not only motivating them to be more creative, but giving them a framework on how to do it! Thank you! 4. What can we know about “PBL” from the passage? A. It is a plan of learning at home. B. It is a practice organized by schools. C. It is a way of learning based on projects. D. It is a program requiring parents’ involvement. 5. What does the third paragraph mainly talk about? A. Why kids did their observation. B. How kids carried out their project. C. What kids gained from their project. D. How parents helped kids with their plan. 6. What’s the author’s main purpose of writing the email? A. To show respect for the school’s headmaster. B. To give credit for the school’s effective teaching. C. To share her kids’ creative activities at home. D. To congratulate on the school’s achievements. 7. How did the author feel when writing the letter? A. Concerned and upset. B. Curious and amazed. C. Relieved and hopeful. D. Grateful and satisfied. C We have more ways to access music than at any time in history and a whole world of unfamiliar styles to explore. The thrill of discovering new songs and new sounds can enrich people of all ages. Except, most of the time, it doesn’t. Our willingness to explore new, unfamiliar music declines with age. Academics have coined the term “open-earedness” to describe this phenomenon. Until around the age of 11, children are generally happy to engage with unfamiliar music. Early adolescence sees a reduction in open-earedness, but is accompanied by an intense increase in interest in music more generally. Open-earedness increases slightly during young adulthood, and then declines as we age. A major study involving more than 250,000 participants confirmed these changing behaviors. It also showed that the significance we give to music after adolescence declines, and the amount of music we listen to reduces from a high point of 20% of our waking time during adolescence, to 13% in adulthood. Researchers have different theories to account for these trends. One explanation for age-based reduction in music consumption simply assumes that responsibility-burdened adults may have less free time at their disposal (自由支配) to explore their musical interests than younger people. Some interpret the observed decline in music engagement in terms of psychosocial maturation. Adolescents use music as an identity marker and engage with it to navigate social circles. Adults have developed personalities and established social groups. As such, drivers to engage with new music are lessened. Some researchers argue that we shouldn’t use a person’s age to predict if their musical taste will stay the same, without first thinking about how we enjoy and use music at different stages of our lives. Teenagers tend to be very aware of what they are listening to. Adults who use music as motivation or accompaniment for activities such as exercise or household chores may be less conscious of the extent to which they actually do listen to new music. 8. What does the term “open-earedness” refer to in the passage? A. The ability to play music. B. The willingness to explore new music. C. The interest in music during adolescence. D. The significance of music in daily life. 9. According to the study, how does the amount of music listened to change as we age? A. It remains consistent throughout life. B. It increases from childhood to adulthood. C. It peaks during adolescence and then decreases. D. It gradually declines from childhood to adulthood. 10. What factor is suggested as one cause for a reduced interest in new music as people age? A. An increase in hearing sharpness. B. Less spare time due to responsibilities. C. An intense decrease in interest in music. D. Changes in personality and social groups. 11. Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A. Music Consumption: A Lifelong Journey. B. Factors Influencing Music Engagement in Adults. C. Adolescents and Music: Identity and Exploration. D. Decline of Open-Earedness: Age Affects Music Exploration. D Any schoolchild knows that a whale breathes through its blowhole. Fewer know that a blowhole is a nostril (鼻孔) slightly changed by evolution into a form more useful for a mammal that spends its life at sea. And only a dedicated expert would know that while toothed whales, such as sperm whales, have one hole, baleen whales, such as humpback and Rice’s whales, have two. Even among the baleen whales, the placing of those nostrils differs. In some species, they are close together. In others, they are much further apart. In a paper published in Biology Letters Conor Ryan, a marine biologist at the Scottish Association for Marine Science, suggests why that might be. Having two nostrils, he argues, helps whales smell in stereo (立体空间). Many types of baleen whales eat tiny animals known as zooplankton (浮游动物), which they catch by filtering them from seawater using the sheets of fibrous baleen that have replaced teeth in their mouths. But to eat something you first have to find it. Toothed whales do not hunt by scent. In fact, the olfactory (嗅觉的) bulb (球状物) — the part of the brain that processes smell — is absent in such creatures. But baleen whales still have olfactory bulbs, which suggests smell remains important. And scent can indeed give zooplankton away. Zooplankton like to eat other tiny creatures called phytoplankton (浮游植物). When these are under attack, they release a special gas called dim-ethyl sulphide (二甲硫), which in turn attracts baleen whales. Most animals have stereoscopic senses. Having two eyes, for instance, allows an animal to compare the images from each in order to perceive depth. Having two ears lets them locate the direction from which a sound is coming. Dr. Ryan theorized that paired blowholes might bring baleen whales the same sorts of benefits. The farther apart the sensory organs are, the more information can be extracted by the animal that bears them. The researchers used drones to photograph the nostrils of 143 whales belonging to 14 different species. Sure enough, baleen whales that often eat zooplankton, such as the North Atlantic right whale (北大西洋露脊鲸), have nostrils that are farther apart than those, such as humpback whales (座头鲸), that eat zooplankton occasionally. Besides allowing them to breathe, it seems that some whales use their blowholes to determine in which direction dinner lies. 12. What do we know about whales’ nostrils according to the first two paragraphs? A. They are developed merely for smell. B. They are adapted ones. C. They are not easy to detect. D. They are not fixed universally in numbers. 13. What plays a role when baleen whales hunt zooplankton? A. The smell that phytoplankton send. B. The teeth that baleen whales have. C. The sound waves that zooplankton create. D. The chemical signals that zooplankton give off. 14. How is the concept of stereoscopic senses explained in paragraph 4? A. By quoting a theory. B. By making a contrast. C. By using examples. D. By making inferences. 15. What is the position of nostrils related to according to the last paragraph? A. The ability to give off smells. B. The possibility to attract food. C. The ability to communicate. D. The ability to locate food. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） Cloud storage is a flexible and convenient way to store data with complete peace of mind. ____16____ This means you can store all your digital things remotely, without taking up space on your computer. There are two options available: public cloud storage allows you to share hosting space with other users; private cloud storage is the ideal choice for companies who want to have their data stored in their own environment. ____17____ Once you have registered and set up your account, you simply save your files via the internet using your username and password. This ensures your data remains secure and inaccessible to anyone else. Should you choose, you can put certain permissions in place, which makes it easy to share your data with your colleagues or your family. When you sign up to cloud storage, you can choose the amount of space you need. ____18____ You can store anything digital: all your files, videos and pictures. Whether you want to use this storage solution to store your family photographs or you want to use it to store your work documentation, you will find it quite convenient. Is it better than your computer or an external drive? The answer is a definite yes. Computers crash all the time. ____19____ External hard drives can still break, or fail. Here you also have the added risk of misplacing it or having it stolen. There are so many advantages to cloud computing, from the ability to access your data from wherever, whenever, to not needing expensive external storage devices. ____20____ A. You will find cloud storage very cheap. B. Cloud storage is very simple to use. C. It enables you to store your data on hosted servers. D. This is the most common cause of lost work and memories. E. Cloud storage providers offer multiple layers of data security. F. The only disadvantage, however, is that you need internet to access files. G. You can start with a small amount and increase the storage size later on. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My father always loved gardening. Growing prize-winning vegetables was a serious matter for my father for another 20 years after his retirement. Growing vegetables was a business for my dad. Dates when everything was planted were carefully ___21___. The type of seed used, the fertiliser and the weather were all documented. Mum ___22___ a trip out for a holiday, but it was a thing of the past. “It’s too warm today,” Dad would say. “My vegetables will need a ___23___ every three hours.” As one crop was ___24___, another was already planted, so caring for vegetables was a non-stop job. Beyond our wildest dream, Dad ___25___ the local Loxton show, where he could ___26___ his gardening skills. We all thought this was great and the ___27___ of eating free prize-winning vegetables was even better. Mum complained, “He is ___28___ in getting them ready.” However, soon she loved others’ remarks about how ___29___ she was to have all the produce. Then came that fateful day. My dad’s 19 _____30_____ went into the show with first prizes coming home. Then he stayed up to _____31_____ his prize-winning vegetables, really gardening with interest. Rather than using any chemicals, Dad wandered, with insects caught, in case of a small hole on the vegetables. He then went rather quiet for weeks to the point where Mum was wondering what was in his mind. He finally _____32_____, “This year I won’t enter the show. It’s fair to give others a(n) _____33_____ to win.” Of course, Dad kept gardening, just in a more _____34_____ way, and both of my parents got to sleep all night and went on occasional _____35_____. Our fridges were still being filled. 21. A. recorded B. arranged C. fixed D. changed 22. A. complained about B. set aside C. brought out D. longed for 23. A. shade B. rest C. meal D. drink 24. A. sheltered B. harvested C. cooked D. attached 25. A. discovered B. updated C. designed D. celebrated 26. A. take up B. comment on C. show off D. pick up 27. A. delight B. feeling C. trick D. reward 28. A. occupied B. involved C. interested D. stuck 29. A. different B. enthusiastic C. lucky D. outstanding 30. A. performances B. prizes C. ideas D. entries 31. A. pick B. guard C. plant D. choose 32. A. announced B. whispered C. cheered D. requested 33. A. voice B. idea C. right D. chance 34. A. careful B. skillful C. relaxing D. casual 35. A. parties B. conversations C. jobs D. trips 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Diaojiaolou is a traditional residence of several ethnic minorities in China such as the Miao, Zhuang, Buyi and Tujia people. You can find a group of these houses ____36____ (locate) beside a river or in the ____37____ (mountain) areas of Yunnan, Guangxi, Hunan and Sichuan. The history of Diaojiaolou ____38____ (stretch) back 1400 years. The traditional residence, typically two to three stories high, is a wooden house built on stilts (柱子). The unusual structure is considered ____39____ masterpiece of clever carpentry. The high ____40____ (hang) floors of the structure are held up by wooden stilts, which give the house an unsteady appearance from afar. But a Diaojiaolou is, in fact, firmly fixed with its stilts further reinforced by stone blocks at ____41____ (they) bases. The ground floor tends____42____ (use) as storage space for firewood and farming equipment. Livestock (牲畜) stay on the ground floor, while people always live ____43____ it. These stilted buildings sheltered people from fierce beasts in ancient times. Nowadays they continue to provide protection from venomous snakes and insects ____44____ are not uncommon throughout China. These buildings also help prevent humidity-related diseases in southern China. ____45____ (additional), the cool breeze blowing through the windows of the upper levels acts like a kind of natural air conditioner. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假如你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter得知你所在的城市将举办一个中学生国画作品展览，特来信向你询问相关事宜。请你给他回信，内容包括： 1.展览的时间和地点； 2.展览的内容； 3.参观时的注意事项。 注意： 1.词数100左右； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 3.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Peter, _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The rain was sudden and heavy on a cold night over ten years ago. Moving all the way against the heavy rain, my bus could barely stick to its normal route and was forced to stop at the station due to flash flood. With still two kilometers to go, time ran against me picking up my four-year-old daughter from her childcare center. What waited for me was knee-high water. I had no choice but to struggle through in the pouring rain to buy a cheap plastic coat in the shopping mall for my daughter. After taking off my jacket and putting it into my bag to keep dry, I pulled up my skirt and took off my shoes, starting to run. Although I was wet through when arriving at the daycare center, I felt lucky to be only a few minutes late. Now I had to fix another problem. All means of getting home appeared impossible to me. There were no buses with the clock striking 6 p.m. I had no money to pay for a taxi. As the sky turned darker and darker, it seemed that we could never manage to get home. The only thing we could do was to stand outside the childcare center staring at the rain pouring down. There was no sign of stopping. Lost in my own thoughts, I just hardly noticed another parent pull up and race inside to collect his child ten minutes later. I did not recognize him and my thoughts turned back to my current situation. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式作答。 The rain was getting bigger and bigger. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Just when I was confused, I didn’t know when a man was standing beside me. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $