第17章 语篇集训-【启航英语】2026版高中英语语法必备

第十七章 语篇集训 第1节 Passage 1 E-commerce has changed the lives of people across the world.With 1 (few)people leaving home for shopping,physical stores are having 2 more difficult time.It seems that one kind of physical store is not being hit 3 (easy)-the convenience store. Convenience stores'sales in 2016 in China increased by 13 percent compared with that of 2015, according to China Daily.There 4 (be)now nearly 100,000 convenience stores in China.And in Japan,there are 11,000 more convenience stores in 2017 than in2010. Why are these 24-hour stores with an average area of 110 square meters enjoying such rapid 5 (develop)? One reason is that young people have grown into the habit of 6 (shop)at convenience stores, noted Convenience Store News.Convenience stores not only have everything for daily use,but also fresh food like sushi,bread and salads,7 are all quite popular among young people.What's more,different 8 supermarkets,many convenience stores sell things they make 9（they）,like bread and cakes.As these products can only be found in these stores,many people go there just 10 (buy) them. 1 2. 3. ￥ 5 7 8. 9 10. Passage 2 The party began shortly after nine.Mr Wood, who lived in the flat below,sighed to himself as he heard the 1 (excite)voices and the noisy music. Luckily,he had brought some work home from the office,with 2 he kept himself busy for a couple of hours,thus managing to pay no attention 3 基础篇 the noise overhead.But by eleven o'clock he felt tired and was ready 4 (go)to bed though from his earlier experience he knew it was no use 5 (try) to get to sleep.He got undressed and 6 (lie)for a while in bed,trying to read,but he found himself reading the same page over and over again.He then turned off 7 light and buried his head in the pillow.But even so he could not shut off the noise. Finally,after what seemed hours,his 8 (patient)was gone. He jumped out of bed,put on some clothing, marched firmly up the stairs,and walked into 9 he )neighbor's apartment.The owner of the apartment came across the room and,before Mr Wood could say anything,cried,"My dear fellow, come and join us.I know our party would trouble you.I meant to send you an invitation."Mr Wood's anger disappeared then and there.He said,"I'd better go and get changed."Minutes later,he returned, 10 (proper)dressed,only to find that the party was nearly over. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7 8. 9. 10. Passage 3 When I was young I hated languages.My dad spoke several and was ambitious for me.It was not until my 1 graduate)from high school that I considered learning 2 second language- Spanish. I was working in a school for disabled children in a class of six.Only two children could speak,but I realized 3 gradual)that every child could communicate.Some of them used physical signs and movements 4 (express)themselves.Others used their voices-they made noises which changed 165 是启航英语 高中英语语法必备 depending 5 how they felt.They even "talked" to each other,6 (have)arguments and friendly chats like anyone else.Every child in that room had likes and dislikes,desires and fears 7 they communicated every day,without saying a single sentence. As time went on,I learned not only Spanish but the language of every child I cared for.I had been making excuses for not trying all these years and here 8 (be)a group of disabled children showing me how 9 (importance)communication really is.It made me want to challenge 10 (I)and really learn Spanish. 2. 3. ? 。 7. 8. 9 10. Passage 4 It is a great 1 (true)that life is difficult. Once we really understand and accept it,then life is no longer difficult.However,most of us do not 2 (full)see it.They just complain about 3 (they) problems and difficulties as if life should be easy. 4 makes life difficult is that the process of facing and solving problems is really painful. Problems,5(depend)on their nature,cause sadness or regret or anger or fear.These are 6 (comfort)feelings,often as painful as any kind of physical pain.It is in this whole process of solving problems that life has its meaning.Problems are the serious test that tells success from failure.When we want to strengthen the growth of human spirit,we encourage the human ability 7 (solve)problems, just as in school we set problems for our children to deal 8.Learning from the pain of meeting and working out problems is of great benefit.As Benjamin Franklin9 say),"Those things that hurt, instruct."For this reason,wise people learn not to fear but to welcome 10 pain of facing problems. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8 9 10. 166 ■ Passage 5 It was too late at night when an old man 1 (come)to a small town.He found a small hotel and wanted_2_（stay）there for the night..After he went into 3 (he)room,the owner said to his wife,"Look at his bag,in 4 there must be much money.Let's take it away when he is asleep, shall we?” “No,no,”said the woman.“He must look5 his bag tomorrow morning.If he can't find it,he'll telephone the police."They thought for a few 6 (minute).Then the woman had an idea,"We have forgetful grass.Why not put some into his food?If he has the food,he will forget to take his bag away. After 7 (have)the food with the forgetful grass, the old man went to bed.The next morning,when the owner got up,he found the door open,and the man had left with the bag.He was angry and woke his wife up,“What8fool！Your forgetful grass isn't9(use)at all.” "No,I don't think so.He must forget something,"she said."Oh!I remember now!"cried out the man 10 (sudden)."He forgot to pay for the night！” 1. 2 3. 4. 5. 6. 7 8. 0 10 Passage 6 Marty is a disabled but fairly positive person who never feels sorry for 1 (he).He looks the same as other people but has a muscle disease which 2 (make)him very weak.Though sometimes he is clumsy(不灵活的)and drops things or bumps into furniture,3 (gradual)he has learned to adapt to his disability.Every time after a long absence 4 school,he feels stupid because he lags far behind others.When some people can't see the real person inside his body,Marty doesn't get 5 (annoy)and just ignores them. In fact,Marty's disability has made him 6 mentally strong and independent boy.He is able to live as rich and full a life as everyone else does.He keeps himself busy 7 (do)things like writing, keeping pets and computer programming that do not require physical 8 (strong).He has many good friends with 9 he can go to movies and play football.He suggests that the disabled should be accepted for who they are and be given encouragement 10 (live)their life to the full. 1. 2 ? 5 6 7. 10. Passage 7 I have learnt a lot about Chinese life while 1 (teach)in China.When I first came to China,there were many 2 (thing)I did not understand.Now, I have a better understanding of Chinese culture and find it very interesting. Family life is quite different in China.In the USA,many young people leave home 3 they finish their education and start working.However,in China,it's 4 (real)common for people to live with their parents until they get 5 (marry).It seems that Americans think independence is more important while the Chinese think family relationships 6 (be)more important. Bargaining is another Chinese custom that I have tried 7 (learn).In the USA,prices are set and you can't ask 8 a lower price while in China, you are expected to bargain.I asked my Chinese friends to teach me how to bargain.They 9 (advise)me that I should get 40 percent or 50 percent off the price first offered to me.In one word, bargaining is 10 skill that you have to practise if you live in China. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7 8 9 10. Passage 8 Debbie is afraid of heights.She never planned to take 1 ride in a hot air balloon.The idea of 2 (go)up hundreds of feet into the air frightened her. 第十七章语篇集训 启航英语悬 But last Saturday the bank 3 Debbie works offered hot air balloon rides to its employees.The rides were free.So she decided to go ballooning. Debbie got a new view of Illinois! "I loved riding in a hot air balloon.It was 4 complete)different from anything else I've ever done.It was so exciting that I lost my fear of heights",Debbie said. Balloon rides 5 (be)for people who want to have a new kind of experience.Hot air ballooning is usually done in the early morning or late afternoon. That is when there is not much wind.People who want to ride in a hot air balloon have to be 6 patience).Weather conditions are very important. Sometimes you have to wait 7 the weather conditions to change.The ride takes about an hour. Then the pilot looks for a place 8 (land)the balloon.A car follows the balloon.The car meets the balloon when it lands. Debbie felt very proud of 9 (she)after her first ride.In fact,she went up three 10 (time)on Saturday！ 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7 9. 10. Passage 9 How many of you drink Coca-Cola?Nearly everybody.Do you know that cola started out not as a soft drink,but as 1 cure for headaches back in the late 1800s? John S.Paberton,a doctor from Atlanta,had experimented for many months 2 (find)a cure for the common headache.He worked at his home mixing and heating oils with other materials until he found one mixture that seemed to have good effects 3 headaches. He began to sell the mixture in 4 drugstore). The customers had to mix it with water before drinking.Then,how did cola change from a drug to a 167 是启航英语 高中英语语法必备 soft drink?That 5 (come)about quite by accident.One day a patient 6 was suffering from a headache came into a drugstore.He asked for a bottle of cola.He wanted to take it right away,so he asked the clerk to mix the medicine while he was waiting.It so happened that there was no 7 (boil)water at the store.The clerk suggested 8 (mix )the drug with soda water.The customer agreed.After drinking it,the customer said it tasted 9 (amaze).The clerk continued offering the mixture,and cola 10 (gradual)became popular. 1. 2. 3. x 5. 6. 7. 8. 9 10. Passage 10 Many of us don't pay much attention to the importance of eye care.It is said that if you take care of your body,then you can surely be healthy.That is why 1 (we)eyes should be given a lot of care. Natural eye care should be put in the first place. There are several causes leading 2 poor eyesight like lack of food,genes and aging. Televisions,computers and reading are also the 3 第2节 Passage 1 The Forbidden City,also 1 (refer)to as the Palace Museum in the modern days,is located in the heart of Beijing.It is an ancient 2 (architecture) complex with a history of over 600 years. The aerial view of the Forbidden City shows it is a symmetrical layout.The three main halls-the Hall of Supreme Harmony,the Hall of Central Harmony and the Hall of Preserving Harmony comprise the Forbidden City's central line,3 is flanked 有）by more than70 palaces with over9,000 rooms.The buildings are all covered with golden roofs with red columns and high walls beneath, 4 (symbolize)the noble status of the royal 168 (cause)of having poor eyesight.If you happen to work in front of the computer,it is best to take a break every once in a while.Something dirty in your eyes can cause redness,4 will make you feel uncomfortable.If this happens,the best way is to clean your eyes by 5 (use)cold water.You must also try your best to protect your eyes from 6 (harm)things.For example,sunglasses are not just for fashion but they can also serve as a great way 7 (protect)your eyes from UV rays. Eating healthy foods will do good to your eyesight.Remember that vitamins A,C and E are good for eyes.And doing eye exercises protects your eyesight,too.If a person exercises 8 (regular) and eats the right kind of food,his eyes will stay in good condition for a long time. All above 9 (be)natural ways that help us keep eyes healthy.In 10 word,eye care is very important,no matter how old a person is. 2. 3. 4 5. 6. 7. 8. 9 10. 提能篇 family.In addition to5（it）magnificent appearance,the Palace Museum also houses over one million pieces of cultural relics and treasures. In recent years,the Forbidden City has become 6 Internet celebrity,launching thousands of cultural and artistic products.These products are well enjoyed by 7(consumer )combining the traditional imperial elements with modern technology.Up to now,a "Digital Forbidden City" 8 (create).The development of the Internet and AR technology has allowed people to visit the palace in an immersive way and to observe the panorama and details of the imperial treasures. As a new day begins.the ancient Forbidden City continues to welcome visitors at home and abroad. Be it onsite or online,your visit 9 the Forbidden City may help you travel through time and space and 10 (true)appreciate the time-honored Chinese culture 1. 2 4, 5 6. 7. 10. Passage 2 Horses,dragons,the Monkey King from Chinese legend and even SpongeBob SquarePants are flying together in the sky,but this scene happens 1 (annual)in Weifang,a city 2 the kite festival is held. Kites,which 3 (invent)over 2,000 years ago in China,are believed to be the earliest flying objects created by humans.After centuries of gradual 4 (develop),kites have become one of the country's representative traditional handicrafts. The city of Weifang,widely 5 (regard)as the birthplace of these popular flying toys,is known as a global hub(中心)of kite culture.The themes of Weifang kites are incredibly various,including birds,fish,insects and cultural relics. Today in Weifang,there are virtually no limitations on the shapes or sizes of kites,which can be made 6 (represent )people's ideals and aspirations.The 7 (diversity)kinds of kites can be observed at the Weifang International Kite Festival.More than 10,000 participants from over 30 countries and regions around the world compete in the festival every year. Unlike the wide variety of 8 (form)that are likely to be seen in Weifang,Nantong kites are mostly rectangular(长方形的).However,there are some differences in their designs,extending to hexagonal(六边形的)，pentagonal and even octagonal(八角形)shapes.Each of these relates to the traditional Chinese idea of "heaven,earth,9 humans living in harmony"as well as the theory of 第十七章语篇集训 了启航英语是 the five elements fire,water,wood,gold,and earth)in feng shui.For example,hexagons are associated 10 "water"whereas octagons belong to the“wood”element.. 3. x 5. 6. 8 10. Passage 3 For the past few decades,many of us 1 (rely)on“Doctor Google”to self-diagnose(诊断) aches,pains and complaints.Artificial Intelligence (AI)has brought a far 2 (much)powerful tool to assist with medical diagnoses-ChatGPT-4.This is the next-generation version of the chatbot ChatGPT,which was released only four months ago. Doctors believe the new AI will revolutionize their work 3 improve the lives of their patients. Three AI experts have written an e-book 4 (title)The AI Revolution in Medicine.In it,they said ChatGPT-4 will provide surgeons with 5 (significance),life-saving advice and information in real time.The authors say,"6 is time to start understanding and discussing AI's potential." The new e-book says ChatGPT-4 will become 7 (extreme)useful to doctors.It will be like having a kind and helpful teacher by your side 8 has nearly all the world's medical knowledge.The authors said,"In almost any way you can name, from diagnosis to medical records to clinical trials,its impact will be broad and deep." However,authors also acknowledged that AI cannot answer all medical 9 puzzle).They warned that ChatGPT-4 can offer some inaccurate medical advice,10 (add)that AI still gives "wrong answers that almost always look right". Therefore,they cautioned against using AI without human supervision(监督). 3. Y 个 8. 10. 169 是启航英语 高中英语语法必备 Passage 4 China's first large home-made cruise ship )roughly the height of a 25-story building,is 1 (schedule)to be delivered to its user around the end of this year.Construction of the ship,which has yet to be named,started in October,2019. "So far,we have completed 90 percent of the cruise ship's construction.Engineers have begun to install inner 2 (equip).We plan to move it out of the dry dock in June 3 (continue)the fitting process,"said Chen Gang,chief designer of the large cruise ship. After the construction finishes,there will be at least two sea trials in the summer to test the ship,and also to check 4 the rooms and entertainment facilities(设施）are comfortable.There will be 16 stories of living,shopping and entertainment space, which will offer a variety of musical 5 performance),art shows and food options. "Upon its completion,there will be about 25 million components on the ship,5 times that of China's home-designed C919 plane and 13 times that on the Fuxing-series bullet train.The 6 (combine)length of the electric cables on the ship is more than 4,200 kilometers,"Chen said,7 (note)that his shipyard has used a lot of advanced techniques and machinery to build the ship. The project marks the first time China has built a large advanced cruise ship 8 its own.It is a new milestone for the country's shipbuilding industry because it marks an end to the time 9 China couldn't design and construct large cruise ships 10 (independent). 1. 2. 3. 4 6 7. 8. 9. 10. Passage 5 As a boy,I spent much time in London.One of the joys was spending weekends 1 (bicycle)to Kew Gardens,famous for housing the world's 2 (large)greenhouses.The importance of the gardens 170 cannot be underestimated-some of the samples 3 (bring)back by Charles Darwin are still alive. However,it was the pagoda()4 always fascinated me.Years ago,I went to China. Whenever I'm back to London,I always pay it a visit. The pagoda was designed by William Chambers, a British architect who had been to China at least twice.The10--storey octagonal(八边形的)pagoda, which is 163 feet high,5 (complete)in 1762. Purists,however,argue that pagodas should always have 6 odd number of floors.The original building was very colorful and the roofs were covered with iron plates,with a dragon on each corner.The iron plates were later replaced and the dragons 7 subsequent)disappeared.Since then,there have been several 8 restoration),mainly to the roofs,but the original colors and the dragons have not been replaced. Nowadays,being more familiar 9 Chinese pagodas,I feel it seems somewhat odd.But for a boy who would later have a quarter century career in China,the Kew Pagoda remains an 10 (inspire). 1. 3. 4. 5. 6. 8. 10. Passage 6 HEFEI--Three Dalmation pelicans(卷羽鹅鹅)， or Pelecanus crispus,were spotted at Chaohu Lake for the first time,the fifth 1 (large)freshwater lake in the country. The rare birds 2 (photograph )on Wednesday by a local biological resources survey team and two birdwatchers.3 number of Dalmatian pelicans,a national first-class protected species,is quite small in China.4,it is rare to see three of 5 (they)at the same time,according to Yu Lei,a bird expert on the local biological resources survey team. "This wading bird,which feeds on fish,has a high level of alertness and requires a good 6 (live)environment.The fishing ban in the lake and the improved environment are reasons behind the 7 (appear)of these pelicans,"said Yu,adding that they migrated here 8 (spend)the winter. More than 80 birds,such as little swans and cormorants,were also spotted on Wednesday at the lake.Hefei City,9 the lake is located,10 (take)a number of measures to strengthen the protection of 10 major wetlands around Chaohu Lake in recent years,including banning fishing,land reclamation and waste dumping in the protected zones. 1. 2. 3. x 5 7. 8. 10. Passage 7 The Chief Executive Officer of Beijing Aiqi Technology Yang Zhang has revived the Chinese cultural practice of using the mortise and tenon )technique for construction which is on the edge of extinction. He used the ancient mortise and tenon technique 1 (construct)the Turret of Palace Museum at a 1 81 miniscale.The choice of "Turret of Palace Museum"as the theme for the mini building block project 2 (base)on several factors. 3 (locate)in the Forbidden City of Beijing, this architectural treasure boasts the most delicate design and elegant shape among Chinese royal buildings.It was historically responsible 4 protecting the palace.The complex layout of the turret posed5_unprecedented(史无前例的) technical challenge for Zhang and his team of designers and developers.Unlike conventional building block 6 (toy),Zhang aimed to create a model made7（entire）of authentic mortise and 第十七章语篇集训启航英语悬 tenon components.The entire process of design took nearly five years,with hundreds of design iterations and continuous adjustments The mortise and tenon technique,8 is the primary construction method used in ancient Chinese architecture and represents the core of 9 tradition )Chinese woodworking,is gaining increasing 10 (recognize)among the public. 1. 3 4. 5. 6. 7 8. 9. 10. Passage 8 On March 27,the final match between Team Qiandongnan and Team Zunyi at "Village Basketball Association'”or“Village BA”basketball tournament 1 hold)in Taipan Village,Taijiang county, Southwest China's Guizhou province.2 (organize) by local residents,this event has gained 3 (popular)over the years and draws a large crowd of spectators and participants alike. For this year's 4 (prize),the winners received national intangible cultural heritage Miao silver hat and local agricultural products.The first runner-up won a Taijiang sturgeon(鲟鱼)anda wooden dragon boat.The 5 (two)runner-up won local agricultural products such as "Sansui sesame duck"and embroidery pieces. During traditional festivals such as Chixin Festival 6 falls on the sixth of June in the Chinese lunar calendar,local villagers will organize basketball competitions to celebrate a good harvest. The bonus gifts are agricultural products 7 (include)rice,fish and duck. There were no superstar players,no advertising, and no tickets.But 8 single match among ordinary villagers could attract over 10,000 people to sit in the stands.The cumulative number of views on live-streaming platforms reached hundreds of 171 悬启航英语 高中英语语法必备 millions.Apart 9 free entrance to the game,the village has also set up more parking lots and snack streets in surrounding areas.Taipan Village 10 (go)through a major renovation(恢复活力）for boosting tourism in the past few years. 1 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Passage 9 Four astronauts returned to Earth in a SpaceX capsule on Friday,1 (end)their nearly six- month space station mission with a splashdown in the Atlantic. Wet and windy weather across Florida delayed their homecoming.SpaceX and NASA 2 (final) gave the all-clear on Friday,and the three Americans and one Italian 3 (depart)the International Space Station,their residence since April. The capsule parachuted（伞降)4the ocean,just off Jacksonville,Florida,about five hours after it left the space station.It carried NASA astronauts Kjell Lindgren,Bob Hines and Jessica Watkins,the first Black woman 5 (complete)a long-term space flight,and the European Space Agency's Samantha Cristoforetti.SpaceX delivered their replacements last week. Before checking out,the astronauts said they couldn't wait to have 6 cold drink with ice,eat some pizza and ice cream,take a shower,7 of course,be reunited with their families.NASA planned to send them to Houston once they were off SpaceX's 8 (recover)ship and back on solid ground. "Getting the first few 9 (hug)when we get back is really going to be awesome,"Hines told reporters earlier in the week.Remaining aboard the 172 space station 10 (be )three Americans,three Russians and one Japanese. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6 7 8. 9 10. Passage 10 The abacus(算盘)was a great invention in ancient China.The abacus 1 (invent)on the basis of small sticks.Later,with the 2 (develop)of productivity,the amount of calculation was 3 (great).And calculation with counting sticks limited the calculation.Thus,people invented a more 4 (advance)counter-the abacus. With the application of the abacus,people summarized many abacus rhymes（珠算口诀)， 5 (increase)the calculating speed.By the time of the Mind Dynasty,people could use the abacus in addition,subtraction,multiplication and division, 6 were widely used for calculating the weight, amount,space and volume. Since it was easy to make or buy 7 abacus, and it was also easy to remember abacus rhymes,the abacus was widely used in ancient China.Later,the abacus was 8 gradual)spread into Japan and some countries and regions in Southeast Asia. People find that using abacuses can improve thinking and practical abilities in addition 9 providing convenient calculation.Since it 10 (require)cooperation of mind,eyes and the hand,it is a good way to improve the comprehensive reaction ability. 1. 4. 5. 6. 8 9 10.5.1ies此处介绍“三江源”生态系统，应用一般现在时，本句 中表达地点的介词短语提到句首，用完全倒装，主语是 China's“water tower'”Sanjiangyuan,谓语动词用第三人称 单数形式，故填lies。 6.sat考查全部倒装。.句意：我像平常一样去了教室。但 是，在我桌子旁边坐着一个我以前从没见过的女孩。表示 地点方位的状语位于句子开头，主语如果是名词，则句子 用全部倒装 7.did句意：只有在那时我们才意识到地震发生了。我太 害怕了以至于一动不动。“Oy+状语”位于句首，后面的 句子需要部分倒装。本句介绍的是过去的事情，需用一般 过去时，故填did。 8.Had句意：对不起。要不是因为我生病，我就会过来帮你 了。此处为与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，即条件从句应为 If it hadn't been for my illness。将if省去，需把had提到句 首，变为倒装句式，故设空处填had,且had的首字母要大写 9.should句意：要求我们在任何情况下都不能背叛自己，即 使在像金钱、美色的诱惑面前。在It is required后的hat 从句中，其谓语动词要用should+动词原形。under no circumstances置于从句句首，故从句需部分倒装，故设空 处填should。 10.as/仙hough句意：有理由相信在过去的几年里中国的反 腐活动取得了令人鼓舞的成就，虽然该活动很艰难。as/ though引导让步状语从句时采用了倒装形式 11.stands句意：现在，就在这座房子前面耸立着一棵有100 年历史的大树。表示地点的介词短语置于句首，且主语 是名词，后面的主语、谓语部分需用全部倒装形式：根据 时间状语Now可推知设空处需用一般现在时；本句主语 为第三人称单数，故填stands。 12.can 考查倒装句。句意：只有我们的计划被委员会证明 我们才能开始施行。oly所修饰的词、短语或从句位于 句首作状语时，主句要部分倒装。cn提前即可 13.did考查倒装句。句意：在我看到他脸上愤怒的表情时 我清楚地知道我将要面对的是什么了。但是我一刻也没 有想过要放弃。not for a moment时间状语放在句首，句 子部分倒装 14.stood考查倒装。句意：令我惊讶的是，当我开门的时 候，那个淘气的男孩手拿鲜花站在教室外面。介词短语 作地点状语置于句首，且主语为名词，所以应使用完全 倒装 15.was 考查倒装。在so..that...句型中，so加形容词或 副词出现于句首时，用部分倒装；又由forgot可知，此处 是对过去发生的事情的一般性描述，应用一般过去时。 1.will we be able to get over all kinds of challenges 2.When in high school 3.when preparing for it 4.It was thanks to my father's encouragement that I spared no effort to solve every problem with confidence 5.did I realize how important a strong will is 6.not only does the proverb enable me to face up to the difficulties bravely 7.keep in mind 第十七章 语篇集训 第1节基础篇 Passage 1 1.fewer由下文的more difficult可知此处意为“随着更少的 人出门购物”，含有比较之意，故应填比较级 2.a此处意为“实体店正经历一段更困难的时期”，故用不 定冠词a。 3.easily作状语，修饰动词，用副词。 4.are此处是存现句，be动词的形式应与其后的主语nearly 100,000 convenience stores一致，句子应用一般现在时，故 填areo 5.development此处表示“如此快速的发展”，所填词作宾 语，且前面有形容词rapid修饰，故用名词development。 6.shopping介词后跟动名词形式， 7.wich引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词在从句中作主 语，指物.故填which 答案全解全析 启航英悟悬 8.from different from..“与…不同”，是固定用法 9.themselves此处表示“许多便利店卖的东西是他们自己 做的”，故填反身代词。 I0.to buy many people go there是为了buy them,故用不定 式，作目的状语。 Passage 2 l.excited所填词作定语，修饰名词voices,说明人的情绪 意为“兴奋的”，故用excited。 2.which所填词与介词with一起构成“介词+关系代词”结 构，引导定语从句，先行词是some work,故用which。 3.to pay attention to“注意”，是固定搭配。 4.to go be ready to do sth.“准备好做某事”，是固定用法。 5.trying it's no use doing sth.“做某事没用”，是固定句式 6.lay根据全文时态可知，此处应用一般过去时，此处lie意 为“躺，平卧”，过去式为lay。 7.the turn off the light“关灯，是固定用法。 8.patience作主语，且空前有形容词性物主代词，故填名词 patience 9.his作定语，修饰名词apartment,.应用形容词性物主 代词。 IO.properly修饰形容词dressed,作状语，用副词。 Passage 3 1.graduation 所填词前面有my,意为“毕业”，应用名词 graduation. 2.a此处second并不是表明顺序，而是侧重数量，意为“再 ,另一”，故其前应用不定冠词a 3.gradually修饰动词，作状语，用副词。 4.to express us肥..to do sth.“用…做某事”，是固定 用法。 5.on/upon,depend on/upon“取决于”，是固定短语 6.having句子的谓语是“talked”,have应用非谓语动词形 式，They与have是主动关系，故用现在分词。 7.that/which所填词引导定语从句，在从句中作宾语，指 likes and dislikes,desires and fears,故用that或which。 8.were and后是以here开头的完全倒装句，主语是a group of disabled children,故be动词应用wereo 9.important所填词在从句中作表语，前面有how修饰，故 应用形容词important, lO.myself作challenge的宾语，意为“挑战我自己”，故用反 身代词myself。 Passage 4 1.uh在系动词后作表语，且前面有冠词和形容词修饰 意为“真相”，故用名词ruth。 2.fy修饰动词，作状语，表示“完全地，充分地”，应用副 词fy。fl作副词时意为“直接地”，与语境不符。 3.their修饰名词，作定语，应用形容词性物主代词。 4.What主语从句的引导词在从句中作主语，故用What。 5.depending,depending on sth.“依据某事物，取决于某事 物”，是固定用法。 6.uncomfortable结合上下文可知，此处表示“这些是令人 不舒服的感觉”，故用形容词uncomfortable 7.to solve ability后跟不定式作定语，意为“做某事的能 力” 8.with deal with“对付，应付”，是固定短语 9.sad由常识可知，本杰明·富兰克林“说话”这件事发生 在过去，故用一般过去时。 10.he特指“面对问题的痛苦”，故用定冠词。 Passage 5 1.came由主句时态可知，从句应用一般过去时。 2.to stay want to do sth.“想要做某事”，是固定用法 3.his修饰名词，作定语，用形容词性物主代词。 4.which“介词+关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句，关系代 词指物，应用which。 5.for此处意为“他明天早上一定会找他的包”，故应为固 定短语look for'“寻找”。 6.minutes可数名词minute前面有afew修饰，故用复数 形式。 7.having after在此是介词，后跟动名词作宾语。 8.a fool作“笨蛋，傻子”讲是可数名词，此处是感叹句 “what+a/an+可数名词单数”结构，故填不定冠词。 201 是启航英语 高中英语语法必备 9.useful 位于系动词后作表语，意为“有用的”，应用形容词 useful 10.suddenly 修饰动词，作状语，用副词 Passage 6 1.himself此处表示“从来没有为他自己感到难过”，故用反 身代词作宾语 2.makes定语从句的主语which指代a muscle disease,句子 用一般现在时，谓语动词用第三人称单数 3.gradually作状语，意为“逐渐地”，用副词gradually。 4.from absence from..“缺席.… ,是固定用法。 5.annoyed get在此是系动词，后跟表语，描述主语Marty, 故填形容词annoyed“生气的” 6.a泛指“一个…样的男孩”，用不定冠词。 7.doing busy doing sth.“忙于做某事”，是固定用法 8.strength所填词作require的宾语，且有physical修饰，故 用名词strength“体力1 9.whom 此处是“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句，关系代词 指人，故用whom. l0.to live be given encouragement是为了live their life..., 故填不定式作目的状语」 Passage 7 1.teaching 主语I与teach是主动关系，应用现在分词 2.things thing是可数名词，前面有many修饰，故用名词复 数形式 3.after,/when此处表示“许多年轻人在完成学业并开始工 作后离开家”，连词可用after或when。 4.really修饰形容词，作状语，应用副词 5.married get married“结婚”，是固定用法。 6.are family relationships作主语，谓语动词应用复数形式， 句子是一般现在时，故填are。 7.to learn try to do sth.“尽力做某事”，try doing sth.“尝试 做某事”；由语境可知，此处应用前者。 8.for ask for“要求”，是固定搭配 9.advised由前一句中的asked可知，advise这一动作发生 在过去，故用一般过去时 10.a此处泛指“一种技巧”，应用不定冠词。 Passage 8 l.a take a ride“搭乘”，是固定短语 2.going介词后接动名词作宾语。 3.where 所填词引导定语从句，从句中缺少地点状语，故用 where 4.completely修饰形容词，作状语，用副词. 5.are由从句时态可知，主句应用一般现在时，balloon rides 作主语，be动词应用are。 6.patient所填词位于系动词后，作表语，应用形容词。 7.for wait for“等”，是固定搭配。 8.to land此处是不定式作后置定语。 9.herself 作介词o的宾语，与主语互指，应用反身代词 10.times ime在此意为“次，回”，是可数名词，前面有three 修饰，故用名词复数形式。 Passage 9 1.a泛指“一种疗法”，应用不定冠词 2.to find“实验多个月”的目的是“找到治疗常见的头疼的 方法”，故用不定式，作目的状语 3.on have effects on...“对…有影响”，是固定短语 4.drugstores此处泛指“药店”，可数名词drugstore应用复 数形式。 5.came That指代前面提到的“可乐从一种药成为一种软饮 料”这件事，事情发生在过去，故用一般过去时。 6.who/hat所填词引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语，指 人，故用who或that 7.boiled表示“开水”，应用boiled,.过去分词作定语 8.mixing suggest“建议”，后接动名词作宾语，suggest doing sh.“建议做某事” 9.amazing taste是系动词，后接形容词作表语，意为“令人 惊诧的”，应用amazing I0.gradually修饰谓语动词became,作状语 Passage 10 1.or修饰名词eyes,表示“我们的眼睛”，应用形容词性物 主代词our。 202 2.to lead to“导致”，是固定短语 3.causes根据主语Televisions,computers and reading可知， 可数名词cause“原因”应用复数形式。 4.which所填词引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语 指代整个主句，故用which。 5.using介词by后接动名词作宾语 6.harmful 所填词作定语，修饰名词things,故用形容词 harmful, 7.to protect way后跟不定式作定语，way to do sth.“做某事 的方法 8.regularly修饰谓语动词exercises,作状语，应用副词。 9.ae主语AlI在句中指代前面提到的方法，是复数概念 故谓语动词用复数形式。 l0.a in a word“总之”，是固定短语。 第2节提能篇 Passage 1 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了故宫古建筑群和 对它的开发旅游。 l.referred考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句已有 谓语动词，设空处用作非谓语，refer和逻辑主语The Forbidden City之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故此处应用过去 分词作后置定语，故填referred。 architectural考查形容词。设空后complex在此处用作名 词，意为“建筑群”，故其前应该用形容词修饰，故填 architectural 3.which考查定语从句。分析句子结构，设空处在此引导 非限制性定语从句，先行词是ine,指物，关系词在从句中 充当主语，故填which。 4.symbolizing考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句 已有谓语动词，设空处用作非谓语，symbolize和逻辑主语 The buildings之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用其现在分词 形式，故填symbolizing. 5.its 考查代词。根据句意可知，“它的华丽壮现的外表”， 故用形容词性物主代词修饰后面的名词，故填ts。 6.an 考查冠词。根据句意可知，此处表示“故宫成为一个 新晋网红”，且Internet的发音以元音音素开头，故填不定 冠词an。 7.consumers考查名词的复数。设空处前无冠词或其它修 饰语，consumer是可数名词，故此处应该用其复数形式，故 填consumers 8.has been created考查动词时态和语态。根据上下文时态 和时间状语“Up to now”可知，此处应该用现在完成时：且 “a‘Digital Forbidden City”和create之间为被动关系，此 处应该用现在完成时的被动语态，故填has been created。 9.to 考查介词。visit在此用作名词，与介词to搭配，故 填toc 10.y考查副词。分析句子结构可知，设空处用作状语 修饰后面的非谓语动词appreciate,应该用副词形式，故填 truly Passage 2 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国风筝的起源 和发展以及潍坊和南通风筝节的壮观场面和风筝特点等。 1.annually 考查副词。设空处用作状语修饰动词happens, 表示“每年；一年一次地”的意思，应用副词形式，故填 annually 2.where考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导 定语从句，先行词是a city,关系词在定语从句中作地点状 语，应用关系副词where引导，故填where。 3.were invented考查动词的时态和语态以及主谓一致。根 据时间状语“over2,OO0 years ago”可知，应用一般过去时 态，主语Kites是复数概念且与动词invent之间是动宾关 系，所以应该用一般过去时的被动语态，故填were invented 4.development 考查名词。分析句子结构可知，设空处在介词 of之后，而且又有形容词gradual修饰，所以此处应该用名词 作介词的宾语，表示“发展"的意思，故填development。 5.regarded考查非谓语动词。，分析句子结构可知，本句已 有谓语动词，设空处用作非谓语，且regard与The city of Weifang之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，可知此处应该用过去 分词短语作定语，表示“被认为是…”的意思，故填 regarded 6.to represent考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知，此处指“在 今天的滩坊，风筝的形状和大小几乎没有限制，可以代表 人们的理想和愿望”。be made to do sth.为固定句式，故填 to represent 7.diverse 考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，设空处用作定 语修饰名词kinds,表示“多种多样的”，应用形容词形式， 故填diverse 8.foms考查名词的数。根据设空后的“that are likely to be seen”可知此处应该用名词复数形式，表示“形状，形式”的 意思.故填forms. 9.and考查连词。分析句子结构可知，heaven,earth和 humans之间是并列关系，应该用连词and,表示“天、地、人 和谐相处”的意思，故填and。 10.wth考查介词。根据句意可知，此处指“六边形与‘水· 相关联”be associated with意为“与…有关”，是固定搭 配，故填with。 Passage 3 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四个月前发布的 人工智能机器人ChatGPT-4可能带来医学上的革命 1.have relied考查动词的时态和语态。根据时间状语“For the past few decades'”可知，此处应用现在完成时态，且主 语nany of us与rely为主动关系，故填have relied. 2.moe考查副词的比较级。根据句意可知.此处指“人工 智能带来了与‘谷歌医生’相比更加强大的ChatGPT-4” 需要用比较级形式，故填more. 3.and考查连词。分析句子结构可知，will revolutionize their work与improve the lives of their patients构成并列谓 语，应填并列连词.故填and。 4.titled考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓 语动词，设空处用作非谓语，title在这里用作动词，意为 “加标题”，应用过去分词短语作后置定语，故填titled。 5.significant考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，设空处修饰 后面的“advice and information”,因此，这里要用形容词与 Iife-saving一起修饰后面的名词短语，故填significant 6.It考查代词。It+be+time+to do sth.意为“是做某事的时 候了” ,是固定句型。t在此用作形式主语，真正的主语为 后面的动词不定式短语，故填It。 7.extremely考查副词。分析句子结构可知，设空处修饰后面 的形容词useful,因此，这里要用副词作状语，故填extremely. 8.who/hat考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，设空处引 导定语从句，先行词是a kind and helpful teacher,指人，关 系词在从句中作主语，故填who/hat。 9.puzzles 考查名词的数。设空处前面有“all medical”修 饰，再结合句意可知，这里应用其复数形式，故填puzzles。 10.adding考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句已有 谓语动词，设空处用作非谓语，句子的主语They与add为 逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作状语，故填adding。 Passage 4 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国第一艘国产 游轮的建造情况 l.scheduled考查动词的语态。分析句子结构可知，句子主 语China's first large home-nade cruise ship与动词schedule 之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，故填scheduled 2.equipment考查名词。分析句子结构可知，设空处用作宾 语，同时被前面的形容词inner修饰，应用名词形式，且 equipment为不可数名词，故填equipment。 3.to continue考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知，此处指“继 续组装过程”，分析句子结构可知， the fitting process在句中作目的状语，应用不定式形式，故填o continue。 4.whether//if考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知，设空 处连同后面部分在句中作宾语，宾语从句中主要成分完 整，根据句意可知，应用whether/,if引导宾语从句，故填 whether/if 5.performances 考查名词的数。performance意为“表演” 是可数名词，根据前面的a variety of可知，此处为复数概 念，故填performances 6.combined考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，设空处用作 定语，修饰后面的名词length,应用形容词形式。combined 用作形容词，意为“总和的，加在一起的”，故填combined。 答案全解全析 启航英悟品 7.noting 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句已有 谓语动词，设空处用作非谓语，且Chen与note为逻辑上的 主谓关系，应用现在分词作状语，故填noting。 8. 考查介词。on one'sowm意为“独立地”，是固定搭 配，故填on。 9.whn考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定 语从句，先行词是ime,定语从句中主要成分完整，缺少时 间状语，应用关系副词when引导定语从句，故填when lO.independently考查副词。分析句子结构可知，设空处用 作状语，修饰i谓语动词，应用副词形式，故填independently. Passage 5 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国皇家植物园 邱园以及里面的景点宝塔的相关情况。 l.bicycling考查非谓语动词。spend time(in)doing sth.意 为“花时间做某事”，是固定搭配，故填bicycling。. 2.largest考查形容词的最高级。分析句子结构可知，设空 处修饰后面的名词greenhouses,且根据前面的“the world's”可知，此处指“世界上最大的温室”，故填largest。. 3.brought考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句已有 谓语动词，设空处用作非谓语，bring与samples之间为逻 辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词作后置定语，故填brought 4.that考查强调句型。分析句子结构可知，本句为强调句 型，强调句型的结构为：Itis/was+被强调部分+句子其余 部分。本句强调主语the pagoda(塔)，故填that。 5.was completed考查动词的时态和语态。根据时间状语 “in1762”可知，应用一般过去时态，且主语与complete为 被动关系，应用一般过去时态的被动语态，故填ws completed 6.an 考查冠词。根据句意可知，此处指“地板的数量为奇 数”。a number of意为“一些”，是固定搭配，且od的发 音以元音音索开头，故填an。 7.subsequently 考查副词。分析句子结构可知，设空处用作 状语，修饰谓语动词，应用副词形式，故填subsequently。 8.restorations 考查名词的数。restoration意为“修复” ,为可 数名词，根据前面的several可知，此处为复数概念，故填 restorations 9.with考查介词。be familiar with意为“熟悉”，是固定搭 配，故填with。 10.inspiration考查名词。分析句子结构可知，设空处用作 表语，且被前面的不定冠词n修饰，应用名词形式，故填 inspiration。 Passage 6 本文是一篇新闻报道。多种珍稀鸟类被拍摄到在安徽 合肥的巢湖过冬，这是安徽省合肥市近年来加大环保力度的 结果。 1.largest 考查形容词的最高级。此处为“the+序数词+形容 词最高级”的结构，表示排列“第几"事物。故填largest。 2.were photographed考查动词的时态和语态。根据时间状 语“on Wednesday”,可知应用一般过去时态，主语为复数 概念且photograph与主语之间为被动关系，需使用被动语 态，故填were photographed 3.The 考查冠词。“a number of+复数名词”谓语动词使用 复数，“he number of+复数名词”谓语动词使用单数。根 据谓语动词is可知，此处使用the number of,故填The。注 意首字母大写 4.Therefore,/Thus/Hence考查副词。根据句意可知，上下 句之间为因果关系，因为国家一类保护物种达尔马提亚鹅 鹕在中国的数量相当少，所以，一次看见三只是非常罕见 的。注意，此处不能使用So,因为有逗号，只能使用副词， 故填Therefore,/Thus/Hence。 5.them考查代词。three of them意为“它们中的三只”，故 填them。 6.iⅵng考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，设空处为 定语修饰名词environment,使用动名词表示用途，相当于 a good environment for living,故填living. 7.appearance考查名词。分析句于结构可知，设空处被of these pelicans限定，且被前面的定冠词the修饰，故设空处 应用名词形式，故填appearance 8.to spend考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为 目的状语，目的状语使用动词不定式，故填to spend。 203 是启航英语 高中英语语法必备 9.where 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导 非限制性定语从句，先行词是Hefei City,关系词在定语从 句中作地，点状语，故填关系副词where。 10.has taken ,考查动词的时态。根据时间状语“in recent years”可知，应使用现在完成时态，强调对现在的影响，故 填has taken。 Passage 7 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了北京爱奇科技首席 执行官杨章复兴了中国文化中频临消失的榫卯建筑技术的 相关情况。 1.to construct考查非谓语动词。use...todo...意为 “用…做…”，其中动词不定式作目的状语，故填to construct 2.was based考查动词的时态和语态。根据句意可知，本句 讲述已经发生的事情，应用一般过去时态，主语The choic 是单数概念且与base之间为被动关系，故用一般过去时的 被动语态，故填was based。 3.Located考查非谓语动词 分析句子结构可知，本句已有 谓语动词，设空处用作非谓语，且locate与this architectural reasure之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作状语 故填Located。注意首字母大写 4.for、考查介词。be responsible for意为“为…负责”，是 固定搭配.故填for 5.an考查冠词。根据句意可知，此处指“一个史无前例的 技术挑战”，为泛指概念，且unprecedented的发音以元音音 素开头，故填不定冠词an。 6.toys 考查名词的数。根据句意可知，此处指“与传统的积 木玩具不同”，设空处作介词Unlike的宾语，且表示复数概 念，故填toys。 7.entirely 考查副词。分析句子结构可知，设空处修饰非谓 语动词made,应用副词形式，故填entirely。 8.which ,考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导 非限制性定语从句，先行词为The mortise and tenon technique,指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，故填关系代 词which 9.traditional 考查形容词。根据句意可知，此处指“传统的 中国木工” ,分析句子结构可知，设空处修饰名词Chinese woodworking,用所给词的形容词形式作定语，故填raditional. 10.recognition 考查名词。分析句子结构可知，设空处用作 宾语，用所给词的名词形式，故填recognition。 Passage 8 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了红极一时的贵州黔东 南村BA的相关情况。 l.was held考查动词的时态和语态。根据时间状语“On March27”可知，应用一般过去时态，主语the final match 是单数概念，且与hold之间为被动关系，故用一般过去时 的被动语态，故填was held。 2.Organized考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句已 有谓语动词，设空处用作非谓语，hold与其逻辑主语his event之间为动宾关系，故用过去分词作状语，故填Organized。 3.popularity考查名词。分析句子结构可知，设空处用作宾 语，故填所给词的名词形式，故填popularity 4.prizes考查名词的数。根据句意可知，此处指“今年的奖 品”，奖品不止一个，为复数概念，故填prizes 5.second考查数词。根据句意可知，此处指“比赛第三 名”，故填序数词second。 6.that/which考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，设空处 引导定语从句，先行词是Chixin Festival,指物，关系词在定 语从句中作主语，故填that/which 7.including考查介词。根据句意可知，此处指“包括大米 鱼和鸭子在内的农产品”。including用作介词，意为“包 括”，故填including。 8.a考查冠词。根据句意可知，此处指“一场比赛”，为泛指 概念，且single的发音以辅音音素开头，故填不定冠词a。 9.from考查介词。apart from意为“除了…之外”，为固 定搭配，故填from 10.has gone考查动词的时态和语态。根据时间状语“in the past few years”可知，应用现在完成时态，主语Taipan Village是单数概念，且与go through之间为主动关系，故 填has gone 204 Passage 9 本文是一篇新闻报道。四名宇航员乘坐SpaceX太空舱 成功返回地球，结束了他们近六个月的空间站任务，并在大 西洋降落 1.ending考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句已有 谓语动词，设空处在句中作非谓语，句子的主语Fou astronauts和end之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，用现在分词短 语作状语，故填ending 2.finally考查副词。分析句子结构可知.设空处在句中作 状语，修饰动词，故用副词形式，故填finally。 3.departed考查动词的时态和语态。根据上文可知，该动 作发生在过去，应用一般过去时：主语和depart之间为主 动关系，故填departed。 4.into 考查介词。根据句意可知，此处指“太空舱在离开空 间站大约五个小时后，在佛罗里达州的Jacksonville附近 跳伞坠人海洋”，故填into。 5.to complete考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知，此处指 “Jessica Watkins是第一位完成长期太空飞行的黑人女 性”。名词被序数词修饰时，常用动词不定式作定语，故填 to complete 6.a考查冠词。根据句意可知，此处指“宇航员们说他们迫 不及待地想喝一杯加冰的冷饮”，表泛指概念，且cold的发 音以辅音音素开头，故填不定冠词a 7.and 考查连词。根据句意可知，设空后和设空前为并列 关系，故填并列连词and。 8.recovery考查名词。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中 作定语修饰ship,故应填recover的名词形式recovery,表 示宇航器回收舰。名词作定语修饰名词，表示中心词的用 途，故填recovery。 9.hugs 考查名词的数。根据设空前的“the first few”和句 意“当我们回来的时候，得到几个拥抱真的会很棒”可知， 此处表示复数概念，故填hugs 10.are考查主谓一致。本句陈述的是现在的事实，应用 般现在时态：分析句子结构可知，该句为倒装句，句子的 主语为“three Americans,three Russians and one Japanese”,故填are。 Passage 10 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了算盘的发明、发 展、传播和好处等相关情况。 l.was invented考查动词的时态和语态以及主谓一致。设 空处在本句中作谓语，再结合常识可知，算盘是在古代发明 的，时态用一般过去时：主语The abacus与invent之间为被 动关系；主语The abacus表单数意义，故填was invented。 2.development考查名词。根据设空前的the和设空后的of 可知，设空处应填名词。with the development of..意为 “随着…的发展”，是固定搭配，故填development。 3.greater 考查形容词的比较级。根据句意可知，此处指 “随着生产力的发展，运算量也更大了 ,此处是对生产力 发展前后运算量的比较，应用形容词比较级，故填greater 4.advanced考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，设空处修饰 后面的名词counter,应用形容词形式，advanced意为“高级 的，先进的”，故填advanced 5.increasing 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句已 有谓语动词，设空处应用现在分词作结果状语，表示自然 而然的结果，故填increasing 6.which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导 非限制性定语从句，先行词为addition,subtraction, multiplication and division,指物，关系词在从句中作主语， 故填关系代词which 7.an,考查冠词。根据句意可知，此处指“购买或制作算盘 很容易”，abacus是可数名词，此处表泛指，且abacus的发 音以元音音素开头，故填不定冠词an。 8.gradually考查副词。分析句子结构可知，设空处修饰谓 语动词，应用副词形式，故填gradually。 9.to考查介词。in addition to意为“除…之外”，是固定 搭配，故填to。 I0.requires考查动词的时态和语态以及主谓一致。根据句 意可知，此处陈述了一个客观事实，应用一般现在时态； 主语it为第三人称单数形式，且与require之间为主动关 系，故填requires。