第13章 定语从句-【启航英语】2026版高中英语语法必备

第十三章 定语从句 考点架构 1.定语从 限制性定语从句 4.介词+关系代词 引导的定语从句 句分类 非限制性定语从句 that,which,who, 5.特殊定语从句 定语从句 2.关系代词 whom,whose,as 6.定语从句与 3.关系副词 when,where,why 易混句型 研考点·记歌诀 小试牛刀 老点一 定语从句的分类 类别 形式 意义 译法 关系词的使用 例句 This is the house 是先行词不可缺 翻译成先行词 作宾语时可省略；可 (which/that）we 限制性定 不用逗号和 少的定语，如去 的定语，“…。 用that;可用who代 bought last month.这 语从句 主句隔开 掉，主句意义不 的” 替whom 是我们上个月买的 完整 那幢房子。 The house,which we 是对先行词的补 不可省略；不用that: bought last month,is 非限制性用逗号和主 通常翻译成主 充说明，如去掉， 不能用who代替 very nice.这幢房子 定语从句 句隔开 句的并列句 主句意思仍完整 whom 很漂亮，是我们上个 月买的。 3.The boy, father is an engineer,studies 小试牛刀 very hard. ) 用适当的关系词填空，并指出定语从句的类型 4.He will put off the picnic until May Ist, 1.This is the computer he bought for his he will be free. ( son yesterday ( ) 5.This is the village I was born. 2.George, is my classmate,has won a scholarship. 129 启航英语 高中英语语法必备 考点二 关系词的基本用法 关系词 先行词 在从句的成分 例句 特别提示 主语、宾语 Yesterday I helped an old man who/that lost his way. who 人 我帮了一位迷路的老人。 I have many friends to whom I am going to send postcards. ①作宾语的关 我有很多朋友要寄贺卡。 系代词whom whom 人 宾语 Professor Liu is the person whom/who)you just now 也可用who代 talked about on the bus.刘教授就是你刚才在公交车上谈 替，但who不用 到的那个人。 于介词后。在 He has a friend whose father is a doctor.他有个父亲是医 非限制性定语 生的朋友。 从句中，whom whose 人、物 定语 The book whose cover is red is a novel written by Han 不可用who Han.这本红色书皮的书是韩寒写的小说。 代替 ②whom,which 和that在从句 This is an old computer that/which works much slower. 中作宾语时，常 是一台运行较慢的老电脑。 关系 可以省略，但介 The picture (that)we are seeing was drawn by a fifteen- that 人、物 主语、宾语 year-old student.我们正看的这幅画是一个十五岁的学生 词提前时后面 的关系代词不 词 画的。 能省略，也不可 The boy that is running on the playground looks cool. 以用that 正在操场跑步的男生很帅。 ③当先行词不 是一个单词，而 Football is a game which is liked by most boys.足球是大 是主句整个句 多数男孩子都喜欢的运动。 子时，关系代词 This is the street through which the cars pass.这就是汽车 which 物 主语、宾语 用which或as 通行的街道。 ④as引导的定 Tom was always late for school,which made his teacher 语从句可以放 angy.汤姆上学老是迟到，这让老师很生气。 在主句后，也可 放于句首或放 Such people as have made great contributions to the world 于主语与谓语 should be greatly respected.那些对世界做出巨大贡献的 之间 as 人、物 主语、宾语 人应受到极大的尊重。 As is known to everyone,the moon travels round the earth once every month.众所周知，月亮每个月绕地球转一周。 when 时间 时间状语 I still remember the day when I first came to this school. 可用“介词+ 还记得第一次来这所学校的那天。 which”代替 系 The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled 可用“介词+ 副 where 地点 地点状语 down.我十年前住的房子已经被推倒了。 which”代替 词 原因 原因状语 I don't know the reason why he looks unhappy today. 可用“介词+ why 知道他今天看上去不开心的原因。 which"代替 130 第十三章定语从句 启航英语 巧学妙记 考点三 “介词+关系代词”结构 关系词用法巧记歌诀 关系词，引定从，它们的用法各不同。 用法 例句 特别提示 that可作主、宾用，指人指物它都行， There used to be a time at 代替when 在定语从句 which用来指物用，主语、宾语它也能； which/during which the 在定语从句 中一些与动 Chinese people struggled for who和whom指人用，分作主、宾要分清； 中作时间 词搭配的介 状语 freedom.中国人曾有过 词可以提到 whose一词它真行，人的物的都管用； 段为自由而斗争的日子。 关系代词之 时间状语能用when,地，点状语where行， 代替where 前，构成“介 原因状语why选中，as用作主或宾， This is the office in which I 在定语从句 词+关系代 修饰全句或部分，常连such,the same, used to work.这就是我过 中作地点 词”结构，但 去工作过的办公室。 固定搭配要记清，关系词，易选中， 状语 含有介词的 从句之中定功能。 短语动词一 I'd like you to explain the 代替why在 般不拆开使 reason for which you were 定语从句中 用，如：care absent.我想让你解释一下 作原因状语 小试牛刀 你没来的原因。 for喜欢，关 心；deal with 代替that在 用合适的关系词填空 There are varieties of ways 处理，对付； way(方法) 1.The road conditions there turned out to be very in which we can solve this get through 后的定语从 good, made us happy. problem.我们有很多方法 渡过难关： 句中作方式 可以解决这个问题。 hear from收 2.I'll give you the address, I can be 状语 到某人的来 reached on Sundays. Present at the meeting were 信；hear of 3.I went through a period life was hard “名词/不定almost experts on DNA. 听说；look and simple. 代词/数词+ most of whom came from for 寻找； 介词+关系 the US.出席会议的大都是 look after照 4.-Do you have anything more to say? 代词”结构 DNA方面的专家，其中大 顾；send for -Yes,there is one point we must insist 部分来自美国。 派人去请等 on. 5.It is reported that two schools,both of are 小试牛刀 being built in Yushu,will open next year. 用合适的关系词填空 6.After graduation she reached a point in her career 1.In the end,we reached the top of the mountain, she had to accept the challenge of life. appeared a rare rainbow soon 7.The Bird's Nest is such a fantastic building 2.I love my hometown I feel proud. attracts a great many tourists. 3.This is the reason he was absent from the 8.We called at the Bird's Nest the other day, meeting. 4.The way he solved the problem is simple the 29th Olympic Games were held. and effective 9.The reason the SanLu milk company was 5.This is the farm my father grows fruit. closed down was that the food quality control was 6.In our city there are several big public parks overlooked. many people can go to enjoy the 10.The farm I worked long ago was gone. beautiful scenery 131 悬启航英语 高中英语语法必备 续表 考点四 that和which的区别 The reason for which he refused 类别 说明 例句 the invitation is not clear.他拒 There seems to be nothing that 绝邀请的原因不清楚。 先行词是seems impossible for him in the 关系代词前有 Great changes have taken place everything, world.对他来说世界上好像没 介词时 in the city in which I was born. few,anything,有不可能的事。 只用 我出生的那座城市发生了很大 nothing,little,There is little that I can do for all,some等不you.我能为你做的事很少。 which 变化。 定代词，或由不All the books that you offered 不用 定代词修饰时 have been given out..你提供的 that What's that which flashed in the 先行词本身是 所有的书都分发下去了。 的情 that时 sky just now?刚才在天空中 The first place that they visited 况 闪而过的是什么？ 先行词被序数 词、形容词最高 in London was the Big Ben. Here is the English grammar 们在伦敦参观的第一个地方是 级修饰或先行 book which,as I've told you, 大本钟。 关系代词后有 词本身就是序 will help improve your English. 数词、形容词最 This is the most interesting film 插入语时 这就是我告诉过你的那本英语 that「've ever seen.这是我看过 高级时 语法书，它能帮你提高英语。 的最有趣的电影。 This is the very dictionary that I 小试牛刀 先行词被the want to buy..这正是我想买的那 本词典。 只用 very,the only 用合适的关系词填空 等修饰时 The only thing that we can do is that 1.The growing speed of economy is influenced by a to give you some advice..我们唯 不用 lot of factors,most of are beyond our 能做的就是给你些建议。 which control. 的情 主句中有Which is the T-shirt that fits me 况 which疑问代most?哪一件是最适合我的 2.I was given five books on spoken English,the first of 词时 T恤？ I really enjoyed. 3.The garden needed a lot of improvements, Can you remember the scientist meant spending a large amount of and his theory that we have 先行词既有人 也有物时 learned?你还记得我们学过他 money. 理论的那位科学家和他的理 4.The only thing impressed me was his 论吗？ sense of humour. 有两个定语从They secretly built up a small 5.His son was admitted to a key university, 句时，其中一个factory which produced things was beyond his dream. 关系代词已用that could cause pollution.他们 6.The village and the people we visited which,另外一 秘密地建了一座小工厂，那里 were impressive. 个宜用that 生产的东西可能造成污染。 7.The house, I bought last year,needs to My house, which I bought last be repaired. year,has got a lovely garden. 8.Here is a picture, to tell you the truth, 的房子带一个漂亮的花园，是 非限制性定语 will show you the grand Opening Ceremony of the 去年买的。 从句中 29th Olympic Games. This novel,which I have read 9.This is the very job is fit for me. three times,is very touching. 本小说很感人，我已经读了三遍。 10.I have nothing isn't clear to me now, and you can go on. 132 第十三章定语从句 启航英语悬 考点五 which和as的区别 区别 例句 特别提示 As we know,smoking is harmful to one's as引导的非限制性定语从句，可放在主health.众所周知，吸烟有害健康。 句之前，或者主句之后，甚至可以切割一 There was a net bar around here,as I 个主句；which引导的非限制性定语从句remember.我记得这附近以前有家网吧。 只能放在主句之后 The sun heats the earth,which is very important tos.太阳给地球热量，这一点对我们很重要。 as引导的从句表示说话人对话语的看Einstein,as is well known,is a famous 法、态度、解释或评论，译为“正如…”：scientist.众所周知，爱因斯坦是一位著名的科 which引导的从句表示对主句所述事情学家。 当先行词有the same修饰 进行补充说明，表明事物存在的状态或引 Peter drove too fast,which was dangerous..彼得时，关系代词有时也用 起的结果，译为“这一点” 开车太快，这是很危险的。 that,但与as有所不同。as 引导的从句往往侧重方 I bought my daughter a big toy,which delighted 当主句和从句存在逻辑上的因果关系时 式，意为“如同……一样 her greatly..我给女儿买了一个大玩具，这使她 常用which 的”，that引导的从句往往 非常高兴。 侧重同一对象或人。如：I I have got into the same trouble as he (has).met the same person that I 和他有一样的麻烦。 saw yesterday..我遇见了昨 当先行词前有such,the same等修饰时， Such advice as he was given has proved almost天看见的那一个人。 常用as,不用which worthless.他所得到的那种建议结果证明几乎 毫无价值。 He pretended not to know me,which I didn't expect..他假装不认识我，这是我没有想到的。 从句是否定句或从句谓语带有复合宾语She was always speaking highly of her role in 时常用which the play,which,of course,made the others unhappy.她总是赞扬她在戏剧里的角色，当 然，这使其他人很不高兴。 小试牛刀 5.He failed the entrance examination, is a surprise to his teachers. 用合适的关系词填空 6.He is so naughty a boy annoyed his 1. is known to us all,the 30th Olympic Games were held in London in 2012. teacher. 2. we all know,the 29th Olympic Games 7.I have the same overcoat she does. is a great success. 8. is often the case,the boy made me 3.Tom is such a kind-hearted boy we all annoyed. admire. 4.She won the first gold medal in the 29th Olympic 9.He won the gold medal, was reported. Games, delighted the Chinese. 10.She passed the exam, was expected. 133 是启航英语 高中英语语法必备 4.The news Mr Li will be our new English 考点六 hat引导的定语从句与同位语从句的区别 teacher is true ( 区别 例句 考点七 定语从句的几种特殊情况 定语从句修饰先行词，它和 The news that he told me is 先行词是修饰关系：同位语 分类 说明 例句 true.他告诉我的消息是真 从句说明前面的名词的具 体内容，是补充说明的关 的。（定语从句） 有些定语从句在不I have saved a sum of 省略 引起歧义的情况下 The news that he has just 系。同位语从句和其前的 式定 money,with which to buy a died is true.他已经过世的 可以省略成“介词+ 语从 computer for myself.我已经 名词一般可以用be动词发 关系代词+不定式” 消息是真的。（同位语从 攒了一笔钱，准备为自己买 句 展成一个完整的句子，而定 句) 的形式 台电脑。 语从句不可以 I find it hard to leave the I have been to the city twice land where I have lived for (that)you just visited. that引导定语从句时，在从 thirty years and where there 多重两个或两个以上的 刚参观过的那座城市，我 were sweet memories of my 句中可作主语、宾语和表 定语 定语从句修饰同一 语，作宾语时常可省略；that 去过两次。（定语从句） childhood.我发现离开这片 从句个先行词 The fact that the earth 引导同位语从句时，起连词 土地很难，我在这里住了三 moves around the sun is 作用，无实义，也不作句子 十年，这里有我童年美好的 known to all.地球围绕太 的任何成分，一般不能省略 记忆。 阳转这一事实众所周知。 I have a picture by a famous 同位语从句)》 分隔 为了某种特殊需要， painter which was sent to me 式定 巧学妙记 定语从句与先行词 for my birthday.我有一幅出 语从 被分割开 自名家之手、送给我作生日 巧辨同位语从句和定语从句 句 礼物的画。 (一)“同位”说明词有限，抽象名词它 The price,which we all think 独揽。 定语从句的关系词 含插 is reasonable,is actually “定从”说明词随便，抽不抽象它不管。 入语 与其后的词之间插 入一个I think,I high.我们都认为很合理的 (二)“同位”与其说明语，内容一样作用 的定 价格，事实上很高。 同，注释、说明和补充，是它句中的功能。 语从 believe,I guess,I James is the only one who “定从”说明前名词，不是说明是形容，两者 句 expect,I am sure等 we expect will win.詹姆斯 并非同人、事，句子功能是限定。 类似的结构 是我们认为唯一能胜的人。 (三)hat用在“同位”中，说啥不把“成 In our school there are eight 分”充。 关系代词作主语时， foreign teachers who come 若是派它引“定从”，不作成分可不中。 定语从句的谓语动 from Australia.我们学校有 词与先行词在数上8位来自澳大利亚的外籍 定语 心小试牛刀 从句 保持一致；“one of+ 教师。 复数名词”作主语， 用合适的关系词填空并指出从句名称 的主 Jeff is one of the students 从句的谓语动词用 who were awarded.杰夫是 1.The fact he lost the game surprised me. 谓一 复数，“the only one 当时受奖的学生之一。 ( 致 of+复数名词”作主 Jeff is the only one of the 2.The fact he referred to surprised me. 语时，从句的谓语动 students who was awarded. ( ) 词用单数 杰夫是这些学生当中唯 3.The news we heard spread all over the 受奖的。 school campus 134 第十三章定语从句 启航英语是 续表 2.I received a gift from my girlfriend, 先行词是way,且在Idon't like the way(that/in showed her love for me. way 从句中作状语时，关 which he speaks to his 3. I explained on the phone,I will go with 作先 行词 系词用that, in mother..我不喜欢他和他母 you to the park next Sunday. which或省略 亲说话的方式。 4.This is one of the places of interest are interesting to me. 小试牛刀 5.I admire the way she treats her son. 用合适的关系词填空 6.He is the only one of the boys was 1.-Is that the farm you often refer to? chosen to join in the competition in my class -Right,just the one 7.I visited the prison he escaped. I used to work for years. 做真题·练基础 一 新露头角 1.单句语法填空 1978,took the honors as a national park in 1980 1.(2025·全国一卷)An exhibition at the Jiushi Art with 12.3 million acres. Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired 7.(2024·1月浙江卷)Of course,shops are not by Go,or weiqi in Chinese, originated charities-they price goods in the way in China more than 4,000 years ago. will make them the most money. 2.(2025·全国二卷)Yet now,I live in the 8.(2023·全国甲卷)Yet,the form of the fable still countryside of Zhejiang,China with my Chinese has values today, Rachel Carson says in husband and his family,bamboo and tea “A Fable for Tomorrow”. bushes(灌木)grow wild in the mountains. 9.(2023·全国甲卷)“There was once a town in the 3.(2025·1月浙江卷)Tanya is also looking beyond heart of America, all life seemed to special-occasion dresses to less formal clothing, enjoy peaceful existence with its surroundings," her fable begins,borrowing some familiar words she plans to package as capsule wardrobes and offer to travellers,such as those headed to from many age-old fables. 10.(2023·全国乙卷)But for all its ancient weddings abroad,with a longer-term rental period. buildings,Beijing is also a place 4.(2024·新课标I卷)The Glasshouse stands as a welcomes the fast-paced development of modern great achievement in contemporary design,to life,with 21st-century architectural wonders house the plants of the southwestern part of China standing side by side with historical buildings of at the end of a path retracing(追溯)the steps the past. along the Silk Route brought the plants 11.（2022·1月浙江卷)Kim Cobb,a professor at from their native habitat in Asia to come to define the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta,is much of the richness of gardening in England. one of a small but growing minority of academics 5.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Chinese cultural elements are cutting back on their air travel commemorating(纪念)Tang Xianzu, because of climate change. is known as“the Shakespeare of Asia”,add an 12.(2022·全国卷I)The GPNP is intended to international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, provide stronger protection for all the species William Shakespeare's hometown. live with the Giant Panda Range and 6.(2024·全国甲卷)Wrangell-.Saint Elias in southern significantly improve the health of the ecosystem Alaska. became a national monument in in the area 135 是启航英语 高中英语语法必备 13.（2022·全国甲卷)On the 1,100-kilometer 2.我出生在路易斯安那州的新奥尔良市，一个单凭 joumey,the man Cao Shengkang, lost 名字就可以让我们想象到一幅有树、有草的美丽 his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, 画面的城市 crossed 40 cities and countries in three provinces. I was born in New Orleans,Louisiana,a city 14.(2021·3月天津卷)William Hastie once name will create a picture of beautiful suggested that history informs us of past mistakes trees and green grass in our mind. (from which,in which,with whom, 3.由于经济危机，当地的五星级宾馆每晚收费 for whom)we can learn without repeating them. 6000元的日子已经一去不复返了。 15.(2021·1月浙江卷)BMI is an internationally Because of the financial crisis,days are gone recognized measurement tool gives an local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night. indication of whether someone is a healthy 4.这是一道没人能算出来的难题。 weight. It is such a difficult problem no one can 16.(2021·3月天津卷)At the Chinese art festival,. work out there are different stands (where, 5.在哪再买一套公寓是这家人很长时间以来一直 which,that,when)artists demonstrate their skills 在讨论的话题。 and teach the visitors. Where to buy another apartment is a subject 17.(2021·6月天津卷)n the spring a season the family have argued for a when,where,what,which)we are long time. learning new rhythms of life,many of us find 6.那儿的路况很好，远远超出了我们的想象。 comfort in the natural world. The road conditions there turned out to be very l8.(2020·全国卷I)China first had to put a good, was more than we could expect. satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 7.我把我朋友的家庭住址给你，在那儿大多数晚上 it could send signals to the spacecraft 你打电话都能找到我。 and to Earth. I'll give you my friend's home address, 19.(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)In ancient China lived an I can be reached most evenings. artist paintings were almost lifelike 8.这个曾经吸引了很多注意的著名篮球明星努力 20.(2020·新高考I卷)The80,000 objects collected 地想东山再起 by Sir Hans Sloane,for example,formed the core The famous basketball star once attracted collection of the British Museum opened a lot of attention tried to make a comeback. in1759. 9.这是你赞成这个建议的理由吗？ 21.(2020·7月天津卷)Dr.Rowan, Is this you are in secretary resigned two weeks ago,has had to do favour of the proposal? all his own typing. 10.长城是几乎所有的游客来北京时都想去参观的 Ⅱ.语法与写作—单句微练 地方。 The Great Wall is the place almost all 1.请把这件礼物放在孩子们容易发现的地方。 tourists would like to visit they come to Please put the gift the children can easily Beijing. find it. 136 第十三章定语从句 启航英语悬 提能力·助写作 炉火纯青 .单句语法填空 12.The release of the new flavor is a part of the 1.Salopek is still currently on the road,walking company's effort to attract new Gen Z consumers across China, journey in China is being through Coca-Cola Creations, will recorded by a film crew for a 10-episode introduce a series of unexpected beverages and documentary series entitled The Forever Walk:China. experiences across physical and digital worlds. 2.Renewable methods for producing electricity,such 13.Shiny white tents lined the waterfront,providing as wind turbines and solar panels,can only provide shade and refreshments for dragon boat paddlers power on the days wind blows or the sun (桨手)from all over California, shines. gathered around the Castaic Lake for a festive 3.These great items appear in many fashion shows competition. and media publications due to the positive publicity 14.But living three extra years is going to be more expensive, will have implications for they have received. 4.The famous National Stadium or "Bird's Nest"is both working and saving. 15.To follow the rather strict steps may the centerpiece of the park, the opening include dozens of smaller steps,generally and closing ceremonies of the 2022 Beijing Winter speaking,it takes about half a month to complete Olympics were hosted. the beginning processes such as tea picking, 5.More than 200 books were donated by Jinling selecting and drying. Library, cover fields such as ancient Ⅱ.语法与写作一语篇微练 Chinese literature and art,history,culture,and Hi!Tom, food. Nice to read your e-mail today.I notice you've 6.Whales were able to quickly eat a lot of begun to use Chinese idioms and used most of them food survived,and got larger. correctly. 7.During the Second World War,Chinese "jiaozi" However,I'm afraid there is1（一个我想指 was brought to Japan it became known 出来的错误).It is the idiom“无所不为”，2（它 as“gyoza”and was more typically pan-fried. 的意思是“做各种各样的坏事”) 8.The Chinese team has also sent several expert Are you doing all kinds of bad things at home?I groups to Qatar for on-site guidance and guess the idea3(你真正想说的)is that you've assessment of the venues, will assist the got nothing to do these days.In that case,you should country in setting up a professional giant panda use“无所事事”.We usually use“无所不为”to breeding and management team,and ensure express the idea that people dare to do anything bad, supplies of bamboo. and“无所事事”to describe the situation_4_（人 9.The skilled bamboo craftsmen are recording the 们没有有意义的事情可做).Have I made myself daily detailed production processes of their clear? handicrafts on social media, Anyway,I'm amazed at the progress 5 are 已经取得的. regarded as“mysterious Chinese power”in the Hope you'll find a job soon. eyes of foreign netizens. Yours, 10.His study starts at 6 a.m.every morning,during Li Hua he reads and takes notes from 2. newspapers. 4. 11.Then she needs to share her feelings in a diary will be handed in to her teacher. 137是启航英语 高中英语语法必备 13.were if从句为与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，其谓语为 “were to+-动词原形”，故填were。 14.were句意： -今天天气真好！ —一是的。我多么希 望天空永远和今天一样晴朗呵！此处表示“希望发生的 事”，是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，故填were。 I5.worked根据后一分句中的prefers可知此处说明的是现 在的情况。would rather后接宾语从句，且表示对现在的 情况的假设，从句谓语动词用过去式，故填worked。 1.I should)make new friends and adapt to the new life 2.I couldn't have enjoyed my life there so much 3.my English couldn't have improved so quickly 4.if you could offer me his e-mail address or telephone number 5.you could come to China during the Spring Festival to experience Chinese culture 6.you spent the Spring Festival with us happily 7.if you were to accept my invitation 第十三章 定语从句 9研考点·记歌诀 一小试牛刀 考点一 小试牛刀 1.that/which 限制性定语从句 2.who非限制性定语从句 3.whose 非限制性定语从句 4.when 非限制性定语从句 5.where 限制性定语从句 考点二 小试牛刀 L.which which指代前面整件事，引出非限制性定语从句。 2.where where引出定语从句，作从句的地点状语 3.in which/when in which/when引出定语从句，作从句的 时间状语 4.that/which 空处作定语从句中insist on的宾语，故可用 that或which 5.which介词后的which指代two schools. 6.where where引出定语从句，作从句中的地点状语 7.as such修饰先行词，由s引出定语从句。 8.where where引出定语从句，作从句中的地点状语 9.why the reason后用why引出定语从句，作从句中的原因 状语 l0.where/on which where/on which引出定语从句，作从句 的地点状语 (考点三 小试牛刀 1.above which 从句意可知ainbow应出现在山顶上方，故 用介词above 2.of which feel proud of为…感到自豪。 3.for which/why 先行词为reason,通常由for which/why引 出定语从句。 4.in which/that the way作先行词，定语从句用in which hat引出，作状语。 5.where/on which从句中缺少地点状语，on the farm在 农场。 6.to which/where go to the parks去公园，故用to which引 导定语从句，也可用where作地点状语。 (考点四 小试牛刀 l.which介词后的which指代factors。 2.which介词后的which指代five books。 3.which which引出非限制性定语从句，用来代替上文。 4.that先行词被the only修饰时，定语从句用hat引导。 194 5.which which引l出非限制性定语从句，用来代替上文。 6.that先行词既有人又有物时，定语从句用hat引导 7.which which引出非限制性定语从句并指代先行词the house。 8.which which引出非限制性定语从句，用来代替a picture。 9.that the very修饰先行词，定语从句用that引出。 10.hat先行词是不定代词，用that引出定语从句。 考点五 小试牛刀 1.Ass引导的非限制性定语从句，可置于句首。 2.As as we all know众所周知 3.s such或so修饰先行词，定语从句中缺主语或宾语时 由as引出。 4.which which引出非限制性定语从句，代替上文整个 事件。 5.which which引出非限制性定语从句，用来代替上文 6.as so修饰先行词，用s引出定语从句，作从句的主语。 7.as :the same修饰先行词，定语从句由as引出，译为 “正如”。 8.As as is often the case情况经常是这样。 9.asas引导的从句表示说话人对话语的看法、态度、解释 或评论，译为“正如… 10.as,s引导的从句表示说话人对话语的看法、态度、解释 或评论，译为“正如…” 考点六 时小试牛刀 1.that同位语从句 2.that/which 定语从句 3.that/which 定语从句 4.that同位语从句 考点七 小试牛刀 1.where/on which先行词是the one(the farm),把先行词 代人定语从句：I used to work on the farm for years。由此 可判断先行词与on连用作地点状语，所以用where/on which 2.which which引出非限制性定语从句并指代a gift。 3.As首先弄清这是考查非限制性定语从句。先行词为后 面的一句话，关系代词在定语从句中作宾语，当非限制性 定语从句放在句首时必须用as。 4.which在从句中作主语，指代places of interest,句中有 this,故用which 5.in which/that_先行词为the way,且在从句中作状语，故用 in which/that引出定语从句。 6.who/that the only one of the boys作先行词，指人，用 who/that引导定语从句。 7.from which先行词为the prison,代人定语从句后为：he escaped from the prison。故应用from which。 目做真题·练基础 一新露头角 I. 1.which分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从 句，先行词是G0,指物，关系词在从句中作主语，因此用关 系代词which引导。故填which。 2.where分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从 句，先行词是the countryside of Zhejiang,China,关系词在 从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where引导。故填where。 3.which分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从 句，先行词是less formal clothing,指物，关系词在从句中 作宾语，用关系代词which导。故填which。 4.hat/which分析句子结构可知，设空处引导限制性定语 从句，先行词是the Silk Route,指物，关系词在从句中作主 语，应用关系代词hat/which引导定语从句。故填hat which 5.wo分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句。 先行词是Tang Xianzu,指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应 用who引导定语从句。故填who。 6.which分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从 句，先行词是Wrangell-Saint Elias,指物，关系词在定语从 句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which 7.that/which分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句 先行词为way,且关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以应用 关系代词hat或which引导。故填that/which 8.as分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限定性定语从句 且有“正如”之意，用关系代词as引导，故填as。 9.where分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从 句，先行词为own,关系词在非限制性定语从句作地，点状 语，所以用关系副词where引导，故填where。 10.which./hat分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句 先行词为a place,关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以用关 系代词which或that引导，故填which/that. 11.who/that分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，且在 从句中作主语，先行词为指代人的“a small but growing minority of academics”。故填who/that 12.that句意：该计划旨在为生活在Giant Panda Range的所 有物种提供更有力的保护，并显著改善该地区生态系统 健康。设空处为关系词引导限制性定语从句，在从句中 作指物的主语，先行词为species,且其前用all修饰。故 只能填关系代词that。 13.who句意：在1100公里的旅程中，8岁时因一次车祸失 明的男子曹盛康穿过了三个省的40个城市和县。分析 句子结合句意可知，此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词为 Cao Shengkang,指人，在从句中作主语，应用关系词who 引导。故填who。 14.from which句意：威廉·哈斯带曾经说过，历史会告诉 我们过去的错误，我们可以从中学习避免重复犯错。，分 析句子可知，past mistakes为先行词，由从句中谓语动词 can learn可知，要从过去的错误中学习，learn from“从 .中学习”，可知应用“from which”引导定语从句。 15.that/which考查定语从句。句意：BMI是一种国际公认 的测量工具，它可以显示一个人的体重是否健康。分析 句子结构可知，ool是先行词，且在从句中做主语，故填 that/which。 16.where句意：在中国艺术节上有不同的展台，在那里艺 术家可以展示他们的技术并教给参观者。分析句子成分 可知，stands作先行词，空格后的句子为定语从句来修饰 stands,从句中不缺主、宾、表，故选关系副词。先行词 stands在从句中作地，点状语。故应填where 17.when句意：春天是我们学习新的生活节奏的季节，许多 人在大自然中找到了舒适感。此处a season是先行词， 在后面的定语从句中作时间状语，故定语从句应由when 引导。 18.where考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定 语从句，先行词为“spot”,且关系词在从句中作地点状 语，故应用where引导该从句。 19.whose考查定语从句。句意：在中国古代有一位画家 他的画作栩栩如生。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语 从句，先行词是“an artist'”且“paintings”与关系词之间是 所属关系，所以应用whose引导该从句。 20.which/that考查定语从句。本句中先行词“the British Museum”,指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以应用 关系词which/that引导定语从句。故填which/hat 21.whose考查定语从句。句意：Rowan博士的秘书两周前 辞职了，他不得不自己打字。本句为定语从句，先行词是 “Dr.Rowan”,关系词与secretary之间构成所属关系，因 此应用关系代词whose作定语，修饰“secretary”。故填 whose。 1.where 2.whose 3.when 4.as 5.about which 6.which 7.where 8.who/that 9.the reason why 10.which/that:when 答案全解全析 启航英语悬 0提能力·助写作 一炉火纯青 I. 1.whose分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词 为Salopek,与后面的名词journey为所属关系，关系词在 从句中作定语，故填whose。 2.when分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词 表示时间，关系词在定语从句中作时间状语，用关系副词 when引导定语从句，故填when。 3.that/which分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，先 行词是the positive publicity,指物，关系词在从句中作宾 语，故填关系代词hat/which, 4.where分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从 句，先行词是表示地点的the centerpiece of the park,关系词 在定语从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where引导定语 从句，故填where. 5.which分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从 句，先行词为More than200 books,指物，关系词在从句中 作主语，故填which。 6.that/which分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，先 行词为Whales,指物，关系词在从句中作主语，故填that which 7.where分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从 句，先行词为Japan,关系词在从句中作地，点状语，故填关 系副词where 8.whch分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从 句，先行词为前面的整件事，且从句中缺少主语，故填 which 9.which分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从 句，先行词为前面的“production processes of their handicrafts”,关系词在从句中作主语，故填which 10.which句意：他每天早上6点开始学习，在此期间他阅 读并从报纸上做笔记。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导 非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的句子，在定语从句中 作介词during的宾语，需用关系代词which引导，故填 which。 11.hat/which分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句 先行词为diay,指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，故填 that/which。 12.which分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从 句，先行词表示物，且关系词在从句中作主语，故填 which。 13.who分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从 句，先行词为dragon boat paddlers,指人，关系词在定语从 句中作主语，故填who。 14.which句意：但多活三年的费用将更高，这将对工作和 储蓄产生影响。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，关系代 词指代整个主句，且在从句中作主语，用关系代词which 引导，故填which。 15.which/hat分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，先 行词是steps,指物，关系词在从句中作主语，故填which/ that . 1.one mistake that/which)I'd like to point out 2.which means "do all kinds of bad things' 3.that/which)you were really trying to say 4.where/in which people have got nothing meaningful to do 5.(that/which)you've made 第十四章 名词性从句 。研考点·记歌诀 一小试牛刀 考点一 小试牛刀 1.hat句中It作形式主语，后面从句作真正主语，从句结构 完整，故用连接词that。 2.When when引导主语从句，说明主句发生的时间。 3.What what引导主语从句，作从句中的宾语。 195