第12章 虚拟语气-【启航英语】2026版高中英语语法必备

是启航英语 高中英语语法必备 6.should/ought to have arrived 7.would go to the reading room 8.may/might have been 9.can be rather cold 10.shouldn't be any difficulty in passing ①提能力·助写作 一 炉火纯青 l.better句意：如果你想让你的卧室更加静怡，你最好探索 下中和色，谈绿色和金色。根据句型结构和句意可知，此 空考查had better构成的情态动词，意为“最好”，故填 better。 2.needn't have spoken句意：你没有必要说得那么慢。我只 需要几秒钟就能习惯你的声音。结合语意，我只需要很短 的时间就能习惯你的声音，所以你没有必要说得那么慢 needn't have done表示“本没必要做某事，结果却做了”，故 填need't have spoken. 3.may/might have forgotten句意： 一现在快七点四十五 分了。贝丝还没出现。 一一她也许忘记了时间。我为什 么不打电话看看发生了什么？根据句意可知，贝丝没有按 时出现，我想打电话看看发生了什么，由此可知，贝丝也许 忘记了时间，may/might have done表示“也许已经做了某 事”，符合语境，故填may/might have forgotten。 4.should句意： —我的车这周末能准备好吗？ 一应该 能，先生，如果准备好了我会给你打电话的。根据“Iwl give you a call if it is ready.”可知，此处指非常有可能的 事，用should符合语境，should表示按道理应该，故填 should 5.be reduced句意：考试题目要集中在基础知识和技能上 减少死记硬背的题目数量。分析句子结构可知，情态动词 should后接动词原形，主语questions与reduce之间是逻辑 上的被动关系，故填be reduced。 6.woud句意：对周围的世界好奇，我儿子在小的时候总会 没完没了的问问题。woud表示过去习惯发生的动作，故 填would 7.shall句意： 一一那边的布告上写的是什么？一 一一“未经 组委会许可，任何媒体不得对赛事进行报道。”sha用于 第二、三人称，表示警告、允诺、命令、规定等，故填shall。 8.be carried句意：年轻人可以学习传统食物是如何制作 的，围绕这种食物的文化可以被发扬光大。情态动词cn 后跟动词原形，the culture与carry之间是逻辑上的被动关 系，故填be carried。 9.wl句意：一你为什么不进办公室？他们正在等 你。 -不管我怎么推，门都打不开。wl在此用作情态 动词，表示主语的习惯性，倾问性，经常性，必然性和不可 避免性，故填will。 10.can't句意：—一今天杰克值日吗？ 一不可能是他 明天该轮到他。can'tbe用于完全否定推测“不可能是】 11.ust句意：今天下午去看望这个老人？如果你非要去 一定要涂抹防晒霜来保护皮肤。根据题干中f结构可以 得知是“如果你坚持要做”，must表示“必须，偏要 12.needn't根据“that's not important'”可知不必是大房子 故填needn't。 13.must句意： 一她读了《依然爱丽丝》之后为什么看上 去如此生气？一—她不可能生气。她一定是在想念她那 有老年痴呆的奶奶。must在此表示“有把握的肯定 推测” 14.should句意： 一这次考试如此之难以至于很多学生都 没按时完成。 一是的。很难接受这样一个事实：我们 班的同学百分之九十多竟然都没有及格。根据上下文逻 辑可知，设空处表示“竞然”，故填should l5.shall shall用于条约、规定、法令等文件中表示义务或规 定等，意为“必须，应该”。根据本题中的traffic regulations可知应填shall, 1.couldn't 2.should 3.should 4.may/might 5.could 6.would 7.may/might 8.Shall 9.would 10.shouldn't 11.shouldn't 12.can 13.May/Can/Could 14.must 15.can/may 192 第十二章 虚拟语气 研考点·记歌诀 一小试牛刀 考点一 小试牛刀 L.Should虚拟条件句的从句部分含有were,should或had 时，可省略if,再把were,should或had移到从句的句首，进 行倒装。句子意思是“如果你被解雇了，医疗保障和其他 福利也不会被立即取消” 2.would have told条件从句用过去完成时，主句表示对过 去的虚拟用would have done 3.would have happened条件从句用had done结构，主句用 would have done结构表示对过去的虚拟。 4.hadn'thut根据句子结构可以知道，该题是由f引导的 条件状语从句，分析句意，该句表示一种假设，从句中的动 作是在过去发生的，即表示与过去事实相反，主句的动作 是在将来发生的，即表示与将来事实相反，故从句谓语动 词用had done,主句用would(could,might)+动词原形。 5.would have lost but for sth.与虚拟语气连用，用would have done表示与过去事实相反。 6.had happened在asif,as though引导的方式状语从句中， 从句谓语动词常用虚拟结构，根据题干中动词所使用的时 态可以看出，选项部分是表示与过去事实相反的动作，要 用had+过去分词。 7.would be living主句表示与现在事实相反 8.had asked if虚拟条件句，表示与过去事实相反，用过去 完成时。 9.were as if后跟虚拟语气时，be动词一律用were。 I0.Should题干是一个叙述将来情况的虚拟语气，if引导的 条件状语从句中，谓语动词可用should+do。这时常把if 去掉，把should提到句首，形成部分倒装。 考点二 小试牛刀 1.should)be finished require后的宾语从句用虚拟语气 should do/should be done,should可省略，根据句意该处用 should be done。 2.called would rather后的从句采用虚拟语气，与现在事实 相反用一般过去时 3.could wish引导的宾语从句表示与将来事实相反的愿 望.故应用could+动词原形 4.had gone wish后用虚拟语气，与过去事实相反用过去完 成时。 5.(should)learn在句型It is necessary(strange,natural, important...)+that从句结构中，从句中谓语动词要用 (should)do。 6.(should)be cleaned require后的宾语从句采用should do 或should be done,should可省略 7.(should)pay insist表“强烈要求”的意思后面从句采用 虚拟语气(should)do。 8.having;was interested suggest表示“建议做某事”时后面 可以跟名词、动名词，也可以跟宾语从句，宾语从句中要用 虚拟语气，从句谓语要用should+-do,可省略should;表示 “暗示，表明”时，不用虚拟语气。 9.(should)see My advice is that从句用虚拟语气 (should)do。 10.(should)call My suggestion is that从句采用虚拟语气 should do,其中should可省略。 考点三 小试牛刀 1.had been 2.were made 3.had got 4.should be taken/were taken 5.were 目做真题·练基础 一 新需头角 1. 1.wouldn'tbe考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我没有面对这么 多障碍，我就不会达到现在这个位置。分析句子结构可知 本句使用虚拟语气，主句表示和现在事实相反的情况，应用 would/should/might,/could+动词原形。故填wouldn'tbe。 2.would have had 考查虛拟语气。句意：多么遗憾！你错 过了这次游览。否则，我们就可以一起度过一段愉快的时 光。根据关键词o可知，这里表示与过去事实相反，谓语 动词应用would./could/should/night+have done 3.would have accomplished考查虚拟语气。句意：工人们没 有被组织好，否则的话他们会用一半的时间完成任务的。 此处otherwise表达了一种含蓄虚拟，其前的内容所述的是 过去的事实，相当于f引导的条件状语从句。因此后半部 分应用“主语+would have done sth.”的结构 4.would be句意：他说，研究传统应该与实践相结合，否则， 传统的再创造就会是又空又假。otherwise“否则”，暗示句 中的虚拟语气，故空处填would be。 5.(should)apply句意：知道你热衷于中国文化，我建议你 申报北京大学，它是中国最好的大学之 ,suggest“建 议”，其后的宾语从句使用虚拟语气。故其谓语部分用 (should+)do形式。 6.Were句意：没有老师们的支持，这个学生不可能克服她 的困难。根据题干中的“the student could not overcome”可 知，语境是对现在事实的虚拟，be动词在虛拟语气中通常 用were。当虚拟语气中if引导的条件句省略了if时，从句 部分应用部分倒装， 7.wouldn't have been 句意：—你有贝蒂的电话号码 吗？ 一有，否则，昨天我就不能联系到她了。设空处是 对过去发生的事进行虚拟，应该用would have done结构， 此处要用否定形式 8.had been put句意：如果新的安全系统被投人使用，这起 事故就不会发生了。根据题干中的主句谓语部分“woud never have happened'”可知，语境是对过去发生的事进行虚 拟，因此if引导的从句谓语部分应为had done。再结合语 境，可知用被动语态 9.had not been句意：要不是那天他邀请我，我现在就不会 在这里了。虽然主句“I should not be here now”是表示与 现在事实相反的假设，但由the other day(那天，前些天) 可知，f条件句是表示与过去事实相反的假设，故谓语动 词用had not been l0.wouldn't have fallen句意：要是没有政府和科学家的合 作，与艾滋病相关的死亡人数就不会从2005年的最高值 降下来。从句Had.not worked together是对过去情况 的假设，所以主句谓语要用wouldn't have done 11.had told句意：你上周为什么不把你的困难告诉我呢？ 如果你告诉了我，我就可能帮你了。根据题干中的“Wy didn'you tell me'"和“could have helped”可知，此处表达 与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，所以f条件句的谓语动词 用had told. l2.would have been injured句意：我当时系着安全带。如果 没系的话，我会受伤的。根据题干中的“If I hadn't been wearing one”可知，此处表达与过去事实相反的虚拟语 气，所以主句的谓语用would have been injured 13.would have句意：很幸运，我们预订了一个房间，否则 我们现在就没有地方可以住了。由句意可知o前面是 真实的情况，or后面的句子是与现在事实相反的虚拟语 气，故设空处用would do形式 14.wouldn't have written句意：如果没有战时经历的话.海 明威就不会写出他著名的小说《永别了，武器》。without 构成的介词短语相当于与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句： 根据语境可知此处表示对过去情况的虚拟，故要用woud have done结构，又因为此处表示否定意义，故填wouldn't have written, 15.hadn't seen句意：如果不是我亲眼看到，我是不会相信 的。由主句谓语“wouldn't have believed”可知，此处为与 过去事实相反的假设，故f从句的谓语动词应为hadn't seen 答案全解全析 启航英语品 16.had been句意：真希望上周二我参加了我姐姐的婚礼 了，可是那时我正在纽约出差。wish后的宾语从句用过 去完成时表示对过去情况的虚拟。 17.danced句意：Ellen是一个非常优秀的舞者，我希望我能 跳得像她一样好。wish后面的宾语从句用一般过去时表 示对现在情况的虚拟。 18.had句意：要是我知道安排的话，我可能会省一些事儿 此处为省略的虚拟条件句had I known the schedule=ifI had known the schedule 19.would have come句意：我们在做调查的那几个月，他们 在国外，否则他们会来给我们帮忙的。由句意可知设空 处表示与过去事实相反的假设 20.would have thrown句意：人们现在回收的许多东西要是 在以前就会被扔掉了。本题中定语从句部分表示与过去 事实相反的假设.故用would have done形式 1.can be 2.had known 3.shouldn't travel 4.should lose 5.had said:wouldn't be 6.must know 7.started 8.as if;had seen 9.needn't have hurried 10.Were it not for ①提能力·助写作一炉火纯青 1.(should)be spent句意：有人建议，一天的最后一个小时 应该花在反思上一失败和成功，无论大小。suggest表示 建议，在It is suggested that..句型中主语从句中的谓语动 词用虚拟语气，也就是should+动词原形，should可以省略， 谓语动词spend与the last hour of a day是被动关系，故填 should)be spent 2.had happened句意：这个女孩一直患有肺癌，但是当我们 和她在一起时，她表现的跟没这回事一样。在asif从句中 要用虚拟语气。表示与过去事实相反时，从句用过去完成 时“had done"形式。谓语动词用了acted,.表示的是过去的 动作，所以asif后面的从句用过去完成时态，故填had happened。 3.had told句意：如果你告诉我时间表的变化，我就不会开 会迟到了。根据wouldn't have been,可知本句是对过去的 虚拟假设，从句谓语动词应用had done,故填had told。 4.had watched句意：我希望我昨晚看了电视上的足球比 赛，但是我去了一个朋友的生日聚会。分析句子结构可 知，wish后的宾语从句，应用虚拟语气，由时间状语last night可知该句是对过去发生事情的虚拟.，结构为：wish+主 语+had done,故填had watched. 5.(should)be strengthened句意：是习近平主席在4月19 号参观了海军，要求加强海军的力量。这是强调句。ug9 后加宾语从句，从句用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用should+动 词原形，should可以省略。 6.would have passed 句意：你怎么又失败了？如果我是你 第一次就通过了。此处是虚拟语气，从句与现在事实相反 省略了if,根据“the first time'”可知主句和过去事实相反， 动词用would have+-过去分词，故填would have passed。 7.had devoted此处从句用过去完成时，表示与过去的事实 相反：主句用would+动词原形的形式，表示与现在的事实 相反。 8.wouldn't drive根据后面的时间状语“next month”可知， 此处是对将来的虚拟假设，故填wouldn't drive。 9.would./could have grown根据“but I didn't water them' 可知主句是对过去的虚拟假设，故填would/could have gown。 10.were句意：你可能感觉好像身处童话之中。此处考杳 与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，故设空处需用一般过去时。 11.(should)go句意：我非常高兴，刚要接受她的提议，这 时她建议我们先去西湖游览断桥。suggest“建议”后接宾 语从句时，宾语从句的谓语动词需用should+动词原形， should可以省略，故填(should)go。 12.considered/should consider It is high)time that... 定结构，意为“（早）该是…的时候了”。从句中的谓语 动词用过去式或“should+动词原形” 193 是启航英语 高中英语语法必备 13.were if从句为与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，其谓语为 “were to+-动词原形”，故填were。 14.were句意： -今天天气真好！ —一是的。我多么希 望天空永远和今天一样晴朗呵！此处表示“希望发生的 事”，是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，故填were。 I5.worked根据后一分句中的prefers可知此处说明的是现 在的情况。would rather后接宾语从句，且表示对现在的 情况的假设，从句谓语动词用过去式，故填worked。 1.I should)make new friends and adapt to the new life 2.I couldn't have enjoyed my life there so much 3.my English couldn't have improved so quickly 4.if you could offer me his e-mail address or telephone number 5.you could come to China during the Spring Festival to experience Chinese culture 6.you spent the Spring Festival with us happily 7.if you were to accept my invitation 第十三章 定语从句 9研考点·记歌诀 一小试牛刀 考点一 小试牛刀 1.that/which 限制性定语从句 2.who非限制性定语从句 3.whose 非限制性定语从句 4.when 非限制性定语从句 5.where 限制性定语从句 考点二 小试牛刀 L.which which指代前面整件事，引出非限制性定语从句。 2.where where引出定语从句，作从句的地点状语 3.in which/when in which/when引出定语从句，作从句的 时间状语 4.that/which 空处作定语从句中insist on的宾语，故可用 that或which 5.which介词后的which指代two schools. 6.where where引出定语从句，作从句中的地点状语 7.as such修饰先行词，由s引出定语从句。 8.where where引出定语从句，作从句中的地点状语 9.why the reason后用why引出定语从句，作从句中的原因 状语 l0.where/on which where/on which引出定语从句，作从句 的地点状语 (考点三 小试牛刀 1.above which 从句意可知ainbow应出现在山顶上方，故 用介词above 2.of which feel proud of为…感到自豪。 3.for which/why 先行词为reason,通常由for which/why引 出定语从句。 4.in which/that the way作先行词，定语从句用in which hat引出，作状语。 5.where/on which从句中缺少地点状语，on the farm在 农场。 6.to which/where go to the parks去公园，故用to which引 导定语从句，也可用where作地点状语。 (考点四 小试牛刀 l.which介词后的which指代factors。 2.which介词后的which指代five books。 3.which which引出非限制性定语从句，用来代替上文。 4.that先行词被the only修饰时，定语从句用hat引导。 194 5.which which引l出非限制性定语从句，用来代替上文。 6.that先行词既有人又有物时，定语从句用hat引导 7.which which引出非限制性定语从句并指代先行词the house。 8.which which引出非限制性定语从句，用来代替a picture。 9.that the very修饰先行词，定语从句用that引出。 10.hat先行词是不定代词，用that引出定语从句。 考点五 小试牛刀 1.Ass引导的非限制性定语从句，可置于句首。 2.As as we all know众所周知 3.s such或so修饰先行词，定语从句中缺主语或宾语时 由as引出。 4.which which引出非限制性定语从句，代替上文整个 事件。 5.which which引出非限制性定语从句，用来代替上文 6.as so修饰先行词，用s引出定语从句，作从句的主语。 7.as :the same修饰先行词，定语从句由as引出，译为 “正如”。 8.As as is often the case情况经常是这样。 9.asas引导的从句表示说话人对话语的看法、态度、解释 或评论，译为“正如… 10.as,s引导的从句表示说话人对话语的看法、态度、解释 或评论，译为“正如…” 考点六 时小试牛刀 1.that同位语从句 2.that/which 定语从句 3.that/which 定语从句 4.that同位语从句 考点七 小试牛刀 1.where/on which先行词是the one(the farm),把先行词 代人定语从句：I used to work on the farm for years。由此 可判断先行词与on连用作地点状语，所以用where/on which 2.which which引出非限制性定语从句并指代a gift。 3.As首先弄清这是考查非限制性定语从句。先行词为后 面的一句话，关系代词在定语从句中作宾语，当非限制性 定语从句放在句首时必须用as。 4.which在从句中作主语，指代places of interest,句中有 this,故用which 5.in which/that_先行词为the way,且在从句中作状语，故用 in which/that引出定语从句。 6.who/that the only one of the boys作先行词，指人，用 who/that引导定语从句。 7.from which先行词为the prison,代人定语从句后为：he escaped from the prison。故应用from which。 目做真题·练基础 一新露头角 I. 1.which分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从 句，先行词是G0,指物，关系词在从句中作主语，因此用关 系代词which引导。故填which。 2.where分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从 句，先行词是the countryside of Zhejiang,China,关系词在 从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where引导。故填where。 3.which分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从 句，先行词是less formal clothing,指物，关系词在从句中 作宾语，用关系代词which导。故填which。 4.hat/which分析句子结构可知，设空处引导限制性定语 从句，先行词是the Silk Route,指物，关系词在从句中作主 语，应用关系代词hat/which引导定语从句。故填hat which第十二章 虚拟语气 考点架构 if条件句 状语从句中的 i条件句省略和倒装 虚拟语气 错综条件句 含蓄条件句 宾语从句 虚拟语气 名词性从句中 主语从句 的虚拟语气 表语从句和同位语从句 特殊句型中的 虚拟语气 研考点·记歌决 一小试牛刀 考点一 状语从句中的虚拟语气 (一)非真实条件状语从句中的虚拟语气 说明 从句谓语 主句谓语 例句 与现在事 动词的过去式(be的过去 would/should/could/ If I were you,I would go with him.如果我是你， 实相反 式多用were) might+-动词原形 我就和他一起去。 If you had studied harder last term,you could have 与过去事 should/would/could/ had+过去分词 passed the exam.如果上学期你努力学习的话，你 实相反 might+-have+过去分词 考试就会及格了。 动词的过去式(be的过去 与将来事 would/could/should/ If it snowed tomorrow,we would take photos.如果 式多用were)或should/ 实相反 might+动词原形 明天下雪，我们就照相。 were to+动词原形 Were I you,I would go with him.如果我是你，我 有were,had,should等词 就和他一起去。 省略if的 主句的形式分别与上 时，可以省略if,将were Had you studied harder last term,you could have 用法 述三种情况相同 had/should移至句首 passed the exam.如果上学期你努力学习的话，你 考试就会及格了。 122 第十二章虚拟语气 启航英语悬 续表 Without war in the world,people would live a 在虚拟语气中，有时并没有明显的表示条件的句 happier life..如果世界上没有战争，人们生活得会 含蓄条 子，而是通过句子的逻辑关系或一些词、短语等暗 更幸福。 件句 示出来 But for the English test,I would have gone home this week.要不是英语测试，我这个礼拜就回家了。 If you had asked him yesterday,you would know what to do now.如果你昨天问他了，你就知道怎 错综条 主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间，主句和从句 么做了。 件句 的谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同 If it had snowed last night,it would be very cold today.若昨晚下雪了，今天就会很冷。 (二)方式状语从句(asif/thoug幼引导)】 说明 从句谓语 例句 特别提示 动词的过去式(be动 John pretends as if he didn't know the thing at all.约翰装 与现在/将来情况相反 词为were) 得好像根本不知道这件事似的。 从句时态 与主句没 He speaks English as if he had studied it in England 与过去情况相反 had+过去分词 有关系 before.他说英语就好像之前他在英国学习过一样。 (三)让步状语从句(even if/though引导) 说明 从句谓语 主句谓语 例句 动词的过去式(be动 would/should+动词 Even if they were to fail,they wouldn't lose 与现在/将来情况相反 词为were) 原形 courage.即使他们会失败，他们也不会泄气。 Even if it had been raining,we should have would/should+have+过 与过去情况相反 had+过去分词 had a get-.together.即使天一直下雨，我们也 去分词 本应聚聚的。 (四)目的状语从句(so that,in order that等引导) 从句谓语 例句 特别提示 We had a meeting so that we could know what to do next.我们开了个 can/could/may/might/ 会以便能了解接下来该做什么。 现在英语中通常 would/should+-动词原形 We took a taxi in order that we could get there on time.为了按时到达 用陈述语气 那里，我们乘了辆出租车。 2.If I had seen him yesterday,I (tell)him 小试牛刀 the news. 单句语法填空 3.If the big fire had broken out at night,more deaths 1. you be fired,your health care and other (happen)to the residents. benefits would not be immediately cut off. 123 悬启航英语 高中英语语法必备 4.If he not hurt)his legs in the last 7.If I had worked hard,I (live)a happy training,he would join in the coming World Cup, life now. which he has been longing to compete in. 8.If you ask)me,I would have given 5.But for your timely rescue,I lose)my you his address. life. 9.He treats me kindly as if he (be)my 6.Though the girl had been suffering from the blood brother. disease,she acted as if nothing (happen) 10. the present unemployment continue,the to her while facing her friends and relations. society would face a more troublesome situation. 考点二 名词性从句中的虚拟语气 分类 说明 从句谓语 例句 It is/was important/a It is necessary that you should)start out as 主语 pity/necessary/suggested/ (should-+)动词原形 soon as possible.你尽快动身是很有必 从句 required that.,.等句子中 要的。 与现在/将来 I would rather you came this weekend. 过去式 情况相反 愿你这个周末来。 主句谓语是would rather 与过去情况 I would rather he had visited us yesterday had+过去分词 相反 我宁愿他昨天来看过我们。 I wish I were a film star.我要是个影星就 与现在情况 动词的过去式(be 好了。 相反 动词用were) I wish I had a big house.我希望有一所大 房子。 宾语 主句谓语是wish 从句 与过去情况 I wish I had not gone there..要是我没有去 had+过去分词 相反 过那里就好了。 与将来情况 would/could/might I wish I could go with you tomorrow.要是 相反 +动词原形 我明天能和你一起去就好了。 主句谓语是order, He insisted that the old man should)be demand,insist(坚持要)， sent to hospital at once.他坚持立刻把这位 suggest(建议)，require, (should-+)动词原形 老人送往医院。 advise,propose等表示命 He proposed that we should)go for a 令、建议、要求的词 wak.他提议我们去散步。 表语 主句主语为表示命令、建 My suggestion is that we (should)give him (should+)动词原形 从句 议、要求等的名词 a hand..我的建议是我们帮他一把。 124 第十二章虚拟语气 启航英语 续表 同位 表示建议、命令、希望、要 He gave us advice that we should)practice 语从 求等的名词后的同位语 (should-+)动词原形 speaking English more.他建议我们应该多 句 从句 说英语。 巧学妙记 8.He suggested (have)a meeting and it may suggest he interest)in our plan. 坚持(insist),二命令(command,order), 9.My advice is that he (see)a doctor right 三建议(suggest,propose,advise),四要求 now. (demand,require,request,desire)之后，宾语从 句的谓语动词用“should+动词原形”，而且 10.My suggestion is that we (call)at the should可以省略。 Bird's Nest on Sunday. 考点三 特殊句型中的虚拟语气 规律总结 以下动词如表达“建议、命令、要求”之外的 分类 从句谓语 例句 意思时，其后的宾语从句中不用虚拟语气。 It is time that I The smile on her face suggests that she 过去式或“should+ fetched my daughter It is (high) agrees with me. 动词原形”(should from school..到了我 time that... 她脸上的笑容表明她同意我的意见。 不能省略) 去学校接女儿的时 (suggest表示“暗示，表明”) 间了。 The boy insisted that he hadn't broken the If only I had window 过去式 与现在情 another chance..要 男孩坚持说他没有打碎窗户。（insist表示 (be动词 况相反 是我再有一次机 “坚持说，坚决认为”) 用were) 会就好了。 小试牛刀 If only the alarm 与过去情 had+过 clock had rung.当 单句语法填空 if only引导 况相反 去分词 时闹钟响了就 1.It is required that the project (finish)at 的感叹句 好了。 once. 2.I would rather he (call)on me today. would/ If only problems 3.-Can you come to attend our party tonight? should/ would come one at 与将来情 -Sorry,but I do wish I could/ a time!要是问题 况相反 4.I wish he (go)home last weekend. might+ 一次只发生一个 5.It is necessary that people both young and old in 动词原形 该多好！ China learn)some English to be May you be happy! prepared for the Olympic Winter Games to be held 表示祝愿的 may+主语+动词祝你幸福！ in2022 句子 原形 May you succeed! 6.I required the room clean)at once. 祝你成功！ 7.I insist he pay)back my book tomorrow. 125 是启航英语 高中英语语法必备 巧学妙记 小试牛刀 虚拟语气用法巧记 虚拟语气意虚幻，愿望事实总相反。 单句语法填空 所列条件是假设，亦表建议和委婉。 1.(20I9·天津卷)Mary's description of the party 假设条件在现在，具体事实没实现。 was so vivid that I felt as if I (be)there. 从句使用过去时，主句动前would添。 2.Don't handle the vase as if it (make)of 过去事实已存在，后来设想不一般。 steel. would加上完成时，过去完成凑条件。 3.If only I (get)up a little earlier this 表示将来可能性，小而又小很可怜。 morning!I missed the bus by only a minute and would后面动词立，从句should加动原。 waited half an hour for another. wish后接宾从句，主语想法难实现。 从句虚拟分三种，现在将来谓语换。 4.It is high time that immediate measures asif(though)引从句，情同wish宾从连。 (take)to contain the COVID-19 epidemic in 一坚持二命令，三建议四要求一起算。 Europe since there are 500 people infected already. 所有从句都在数，虚拟should放动前。 5.If only I (be)free now,but I'm too busy 虚拟语气经常用，莫与直陈混一谈。 to spare any time to have a chat with you. 目 做真题·练基础 斩露头角 1.单句语法填空 6.(2017·江苏卷) (be)it not for the 1.(2020·江苏卷)If I hadn't been faced with so support of the teachers,the student could not many barriers,I (not be）where I am. overcome her difficulty 2.(2019·江苏卷)What a pity！You missed the 7.(2017·天津卷)-Do you have Betty's phone sightseeing,or we (have）a good time number? together. 3.(2019·天津卷)The workers were not better -Yes.Otherwise,I (not be)able to reach organized,otherwise they(accomplish) her yesterday. the task in half the time. 8.(2017·北京卷)If the new safety system 4.(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)The study of traditions should put)to use,the accident would never be combined with practice.Otherwise,the have happened. recreation of traditions (be)artifical and 9.(2016·江苏卷)fit not be)for his empty,he said. invitation the other day,I should not be here now. 5.(2018·北京卷)Learning your keen interest in Chinese culture,I suggest you (apply) 10.(2016·浙江卷)Had the governments and for Peking University,one of the best universities scientists not worked together,AlDS-related deaths in China. (not fall)since their highest in 2005. 126 第十二章虚拟语气 启航英语是 1l.(2016·北京卷)Why didn't you tell me about 2.如果妈妈知道我昨晚通宵上网，她会心碎的。 your trouble last week?If you tell)me. If my mother I stayed up in I could have helped. the net bar last night,her heart would be broken. 12.(2016·天津卷)I was wearing a seatbelt.IfI 3.她没有听从不应该在高峰时间出行的建议，所以 hadn't been wearing one,I (injure). 她堵车了。 She did not take the advice that she 13.(2015·安微卷)It is lucky we booked a room, or we (have)nowhere to stay now. at rush hour,so she got stuck in the traffic jam 14.(2015·重庆卷)Without his wartime experiences, 4.像珍妮这么好的一个人竟然会丢掉工作，真是太 Hemingway (not write)his famous novel 不公平了。 A Farewell to Arms. It is unfair that so nice a person like Jenny 15.(2015·北京卷)fI (not see)it with her job. my own eyes,I wouldn't have believed it. 5.如果我昨天给他道歉，他今天就不会生气了。 16.(2015·天津卷)I wish I (be)at my IfI sorry to him yesterday,he sister's wedding last Tuesday,but I was on a angry now business trip in New York then. 6.如果你一定要知道的话，我是在一家二手书书店 17.(2015·陕西卷)Ellen is a fantastic dancer.I 买的这本书。 wish I (dance)as well as her. I picked up the book from a second-hand bookshop 18.(2015·江苏卷)It might have saved me some if you trouble I known the schedule. 7.请注意！现在是我们大家开始工作的时候了。 19.(2014·浙江卷)They were abroad during the Attention,please!It's high time we to work. months when we were carrying out the 8.他说起来好像是他真的亲眼见过似的。 investigation,or they come)to our He speaks he help. it with his own eyes. 20.(2014·安徽卷)People are recycling many 9.我们到达电影院的时候，电影尚未开始，所以我 things which they throw)away in the 们本没有必要匆匆忙忙的。 past. When we reached the cinema,the film had still not Ⅱ.语法与写作—单句微练 begun,so we 1.尽管露西是个可爱的女孩，但是有些时候她很难 10.要不是因为云彩，你们就能很容易地看到天空 相处。 中的飞机了。 Despite the fact that Lucy is a lovely girl,she the extremely difficult to get clouds,you would find the airplane in the sky along with sometimes. easily. 127 是启航英语 高中英语语法必备 提能力·助写作 炉火纯青 1.单句语法填空 13.-It seems that people are becoming more and 1.It is suggested that the last hour of a day more selfish. (spend)on reflection-the failures and successes, How much happier life would be if we however large or small. be)to return to the values of the 2.The girl had been suffering from lung cancer,yet past! she acted as if nothing (happen)to her 14.-What a sunny day today! while we were together. -Yeah!But how I wish the sky (be) 3.If you (tell)me the change of the as blue and clear as it is today forever! schedule,I wouldn't have been late for the 15.I would rather my daughter (work)as meeting. a teacher but she prefers to be a doctor. 4.I wish I watch)football game on TV Ⅱ.语法与写作一语篇微练 last night,but I went to a friend's birthday party. I'm Li Hua.Do you still remember me?I 5.It was President Xi Jinping who visited the navy studied in your school for 3 months a couple of years troops on April 19 and urged that naval force ago.I'm very grateful for your help during my study (strengthen）. in the U.S.At that time,you often recommended that 6.How come you have failed again?Were I you,I 1(我结交新朋友和适应新生活).Without your (pass)it the first time. help,2(我也不能那么享受我在那儿的生活). 7.If I (devote)more energy to my study Besides,if you hand't helped me,3_(我的英语 instead of being crazy about Interact games,I 就不能提高得那么快). would be sitting in a comfortable office now By the way,do you know how everything is 8.-Did you pass your driving test? going with Mr.Smith?I failed to contact him after I -Yes,otherwise I (drive)to the picnic left America.I'd appreciate it4(如果你能给我 他的邮箱地址或电话号码).I remember that you are next month. 9.-What happened to the young trees we planted very interested in Chinese culture.If you were free during this winter holiday,how I wish5_(你能 last week? -The trees (grow)well,but I didn't 在春节期间来中国体验中国文化)！I would rather that6(你和我们欢度春节).I'm sure it will be water them. an unforgettable trip for you.I would be very happy 10.You might feel as if you be)in a 7(如果你接受我的邀请) fairy tale. I am looking forward to your coming. 11.I was delighted and was about to accept her Yours, proposal when she suggested we first Li Hua go)to the West Lake and walk along the 2 Broken Bridge. 3 4. 12.It is high time that you consider)that 5. 6 if there were no stress in your life,you would achieve a little. 128