第3章 冠词-【启航英语】2026版高中英语语法必备

第三量 冠词 考点架构 不定冠词的用法 冠词 定冠词的用法 零冠词的用法 研考点·记歌诀 小试牛刀 续表 考点一 不定冠词的用法 a most+形容词”表示 Lesson 3 is a most difficult 用法 例句 “很.…”，most在句中不含 lesson,but it isn't the most 有比较概念，只用来加强语 用来表示“一”这个数量 I have a watch.我有一块手 difficult lesson in Book II. 气，是“极”“很”“非常”的意 意思和one类似 表。 思，相当于very。“the most+ 在第二册书中第三课是很 难的一课，但不是最难的。 A student in the classroom 形容词”表示“最” 用来表示“某一个”，相当 于some,仍然意为“一个” is singing.教室里有一个学 一般在序数词前加定冠词 生在唱歌。 the表示顺序，但是序数词 Would you like a second 前可加不定冠词，表示“另 cup of tea?你想再要一杯 She was soon accepted as a 一个”或“又一个”的含义 茶吗？(a second=another) 在作表语或同位语的名词 member of the club.不久， 前加不定冠词，说明某个人 她就被接受加入了这个俱 用在人名前，表示不确定的 或物属于哪一类 A Mr Wang came to see 乐部。 某个人，相当于a certain, 也可以指与某人名有类似 you this morning.今天早上 和名词一起来代表一类人 A teacher must love his 性质的人或事物 有一位王先生来见你。 或物 students.教师应当爱学生。 世界上独一无二的东西前 We hope we can see a full 表示单位，有“每一”的 He can walk 100 kilometres a 有修饰语时，可用不定冠词 moon tonight.希望我们今 意思 day.他一天能走100公里。 晚能看见满月。 用于首次提到对话一方不There is a man standing in 一些表示重量、长度、时间、 a pair of shoes一双鞋； 知道的人或物 the river.一个人站在河里。 twice a week一周两次；a 容量等的词组中，不定冠词 使用特别普遍 handful of nuts一把坚果；a There was a heavy snow cup of tea一杯茶 yesterday..昨天下了一场 用于具体化了的物质名词 或抽象名词前，表示“ 大雪。 for a while一会儿：once upon a time从前；as a rule 阵、一场、一种、一例、一 The sports meet was a great 通常；all of a sudden突然； 次”“具体的人或事”等 success..运动会非常成功。 have/take a rest休息；keep Please give me a coffee. an eye on照看；in a way从 给我一杯咖啡。 用在一些固定搭配中 某种程度上；do a good We had a very cold winter deed做好事；in a hurry匆 当表示季节、月份、日期、三 餐的名词前出现形容词修 last year..去年的冬天很冷。 忙地；as a result of由于； He is very fat and often has have a good time玩得高 饰时，该词前要加上不定 兴；have a word with和 冠词 a big supper.他很胖，晚饭 …说句话；at a loss不知 经常吃很多。 所措；in a mess杂乱 025 是启航英语 高中英语语法必备 巧学妙记 考点二 定冠词的用法 不定冠词用法歌诀 可数名词单数式，前面常要戴个帽。 用法 举例 单词开头读元音，见了“原因（元音）”就施 We go to the company every “恩(n)”。 第一次谈到彼此都知 day.我们每天去公司。 辅音读音戴a帽，这些规律莫乱套。 道所指的东西时，加定 Look at the blackboard please. 说明 冠词，表示特指 看黑板。 ①不定冠词a和an用于可数名词的单数形 在第二次提到某物或 I bought a book,but soon I 式前，指人或事物的某一种类；②n用在元音读 和它有关的事物时，常 returned the book.我买了一本 音开头的单数可数名词之前，如：一个小时an 常需加定冠词 书，但不久我又退回去了。 hour,一位老人an old man;③a用在辅音读音开 头的单数可数名词之前，如：一个男人aman。a He always gets up before the sun 与an的使用取决于其后的单词的第一个读音， rises..他总是在日出之前就 用在表示世界上独 见了“原因（指元音读音）”就施“恩(n)”,即 起床。 无二的事物的名词前 用anc The sky is blue and clean.天空 蔚蓝晴朗。 小试牛刀 Take care of the old.照顾老 用在某些形容词之前， 年人。 在空白处填入适当的冠词，不需要冠词的地方画“/” 使之名词化，表示一类 The rich must help the poor. 1.Four and half hours of discussion took us 人或事物 人必须帮助穷人。 up to midnight,and break for cheese, The compass was invented by chocolate and tea with sugar. Chinese.指南针是中国人发 2.Animals are obviously lower form of life 和一些可数名词单数 明的。 than man. 连用，表示类别 The horse is taller than the dog. 3.The“Chinese Dream”is dream to improve people's well-being and 马比狗高 dream of harmony,peace and development. The Germans are a musical 4.Being able to afford drink would be people.日耳曼民族是一个爱好 comfort in those tough times. 音乐的民族。 和某些名词连用，表示 5.It is generally accepted that boy must Most people in Japan think they 个民族或阶层 learn to stand up and fight like man. belong to the middle class..大多 6.First impressions are the most lasting.After all,you 数日本人认为自己属于中产 never get second chance to make 阶级。 first impression. ①某些建筑物：the Great Wall 7.We can never expect bluer sky unless we 长城；the Peace Hotel和平饭店 create less polluted world. ②某些组织机构：the Ministry 8.-Hello,could I speak to Mr.Smith? of Education教育部；the -Sorry,wrong number.There isn't 由普通名词和另外一 Mr.Smith here. 些词构成的专有名词 Department of Foreign Affairs 9.Mrs.Taylor has 交部③某些国家名：the United 8-year-old daughter who 前多数要加定冠词 Kingdom英国；the United States has gift for paintingShe has won two national prizes. 美国④表示报纸、会议、条约等 10.I hope to live in peaceful world 的专有名词：The Irish Times《爱 world that is full of love and care. 尔兰时报》 026 第三章冠词 启航英语 续表 续表 He was the first student to arrive take/grab/catch/grasp/pat/ at the classroom.他是第一个到 hit..+sb.+介词(by/in/on)+ 用在表示顺序的序数 达教室的学生。 在表示“抓、打、碰人 the+部位 词、表示最高级意义的 Which is the longest river in the 体某部位”的短语中， He took me by the hand.他牵着 形容词最高级前 我的手。 world?世界上最长的河流是 表示身体部位的名词 哪条？ 前通常加定冠词 She gave him a pat on the shoulder..她在他肩上拍了一下。 用在对两个人或物进He is the older of the two boys. I hit him on the chin.我冲他的 行比较时的比较级前 他是这两个男孩中较大的。 下巴打了一拳。 用在某些国家和民族the Irish爱尔兰人；the Swedish on the left在左边；on the right 用在表方位、方向的名 在右边；in the east在东方；in 的形容词前，泛指这个瑞典人；the French法国人；the 词前 the west在西方；in the middle 国家和民族的全体English英国人；the Chinese中 在中间 人员 国人 当English,German等 He studied the German language 用在表示某项发明的Who invented the telephone?谁 表示某国语言的名词at university..他在大学时学过 单数名词前 发明的电话？ 后出现language一词 德语。 时，前面的English,The French language is said to be The Greens are watching TV now. German等就是形容词the most beautiful language in 用在姓氏复数名词前，格林一家现在正在看电视。 了，其前必须加定冠the world..法语被认为是世界上 表示全家人或这一姓Don't forget to invite the Jordans 词the 最美丽的语言。 氏的夫妇俩 to the dance.别忘了邀请乔丹夫 all the time一直；all the year 妇参加舞会。 round一年到头；at the age of在 用在世纪或逢十的复in the 19 th century19世纪 …岁时；at the same time同 时；in the day在白天；in the 数名词之前，指某世纪in the1980's或in the1980s20 morning在上午；at the foot of 或某世纪的某个年代世纪80年代 在.的脚下；at/in/on the the Thames泰晤士河；the Indian corner of在…的角上；at the Ocean印度洋；the Tianshan 用在一些习惯搭配中 moment此时：on the radio通过 用于江、河、湖、海洋、 无线电；by the way顺便说；in Mountains天山山脉；the 运河、海湾、海峡、沙 the end最后，终于；in the Philippines菲律宾群岛；the 漠、山脉、群岛等专有 distance在远处；on the contrary Persian Gulf波斯湾：the English 相反；on the other hand另一方 名词前。但孤岛、孤山 Channel英吉利海峡：Mount Tai 面；to tell the truth说实话：in 前不加the 泰山；Tasmania Island塔斯马尼 the way挡道：on the whole大体 亚岛 上；out of the question不可能 the Spring Festival春节；the 用在以festival组成的 巧学妙记 Mid-Autumn Festival中秋节； 中国传统节日之前，但 定冠词使用口诀 Christmas Day圣延节；May Day 以day组成的节日前 世界独一再次现，序词形容高级前； 五一国际劳动节；National Day 不加定冠词 富人伤员按天算，方位乐器影剧院； 国庆节 群岛河山江湖海，沙漠、海峡与海湾； 表示演奏乐器时，西洋 play the piano弹钢琴；play the 阶级、党派、国家名，普专复合姓氏前： 乐器的名词前通常用 组织团体和机关，朝代、会议及报刊： 定冠词，中国传统乐器 violin拉小提琴；play erhu拉 胡；play pipa弹琵琶 双知年代击中脸，特指事物及习惯。 前不加定冠词 027 是启航英语 高中英语语法必备 续表 小试牛刀 Maths is hard to learn.数学不容 在空白处填入适当的冠词，不需要冠词的地方画“/” 易学 1.Marco Polo is said to have sailed on 表示学科、三餐、棋类We often have breakfast at Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in 和球类运动的名词前7：00.我们通常七点吃早饭。 thirteenth century. 般不用冠词 The boy is playing football with 2.This area experienced heaviest rainfall in his classmates..这个男孩正在和 month of May. 他的同学们一起踢足球。 3.-I am so sorry to have come late for the meeting. 复数名词表示泛指时 We must tell friends from -It is not your fault.With rush-hour 不用冠词 enemies.我们必须分清敌友。 traffic and heavy rain,it is no wonder you were late In spring,we often go to fly 4.I looked under bed and found 表示季节、月份、星期kites..春天，我们经常去放风筝。 book I lost last week. 和节日的名词前一般 Her little daughter was born in 5.According to World Health Organization, 不用冠词 April1987.她的小女儿于1987 health care plans are needed in all big cities to 年4月出生。 prevent spread of AIDS. 表示语言的名词前不 He can speak Chinese,English 6.Of all reasons for my decision to become and French..他会说汉语、英语 用冠词 a university professor,my father's advice was 和法语。 most important one. 表示独一无二的职位 7.Of the two sisters,Betty is younger We elected him president of our 职务的名词用作表语 one,and she is also the one who loves to be quiet. 同位语或补足语时不 university.我们选举他为我们 8.As a rule,domestic servants doing odd jobs are 大学的校长。 用冠词 paid by hour. 9.In my hometown, cellphone is 表示交通工具的名词 popular means of communication at present. 与by连用，不指具体 Mr Smith usually goes to work 10.I have a car car is red. 交通工具，而是指这些by bus.史密斯先生通常坐公交 交通工具作为手段时 车去上班。 考点三 零冠词的用法 不用冠词 用法 例句 两个名词同指一个人 The teacher and writer has come 或物时，后面的名词前 to the meeting.这位老师兼作家 单个词做专有名词时He comes from China.他来自 不用冠词 来参加会议了。 般不用冠词 中国。 The young worker has turned 名词前已有作定语用 系动词tum后作表语 These children are looked after writer..这位年轻的工人成了 的this,that,my, 的单数可数名词前不 well.这些孩子被照顾得很好。 名作家。 your,some,each等指 用冠词，但名词前若有 She has turned a successful 示代词、物主代词、不 I have some questions to ask. 形容词作定语时，则必 有一些问题要问。 singer.她成了一名成功的歌 定代词以及名词所有 须用冠词 This book is my father's.这本书 格等限定词时不用 唱家。 是我父亲的。 冠词 day after day日复一日；day by Failure is the mother of success and,after,by,from等day一天一天地；step by step 抽象名词或物质名词 失败是成功之母。 连接的对等名词前不 步步地；side by side肩并肩地； 表示泛指概念时其前 Paper is made from wood..纸是 加冠词 face to face面对面地；from 般不用冠词 用木头制成的。 morning till night从早到晚 028 第三章冠词 启航英语悬 续表 4.He came across his old friend by no与such连用时应放No such thing has ever happened chance,who turned doctor in 1998. 在such之前，such后in this village.在这个村庄里从 5.My father is on duty tonight and he likes 面的名词前不用冠词 没有发生过这样的事情。 to laugh in public. 在“表示种类的名词 6.No such place exists in my memory. kind,sort,type, 7.He was badly hurt and was in danger of What kind of flower do you call variety等)+of”结构 losing his life. 后出现的单数名词前 t?你把它叫作什么花？ 8.He made fun of the girl,which did 不用冠词 harm to her as,though引导的让步 9.Who is in charge of this project? Child as/though she is,she 状语从句中作表语的 10.The little boy broke the toy plane on 名词移至句首时不用 knows a lot of English..虽然她 是个孩子，但她懂许多英语。 purpose. 冠词 特别关注 by air乘飞机；at night夜间；in fact事实上；in danger在危险 at table在吃饭 at the table在桌子旁 中；after school放学后；at home at school上学 at the school在学校 在家中；in town在城里；goto school去上学；go to bed去睡 by day白天 by the day按日计算 觉；go to class去上课；at most go to the bed朝床边 go to bed上床睡觉 最多；in public当众，公开；in 走去 在某些固定词组里，名 place of代替；make fun of取 in the charge of在… 笑；on duty值班：in trouble处于 in charge of掌管 词之前常不用冠词 掌管之中 困境中；do harm to对…有 害；at first最初；by chance碰 in future从今往后 in the future在未来 巧；on foot步行；on purpose故 意地；in vain徒劳；at ease自由 in place of取代 in the place of在…的 位置上 自在，舒适；out of question当 然，没问题；at dawn在黎明；in in front of在…的 in the front of在…里 possession of拥有；in charge of 前面 面的前部 负责 in office执政 in the office在办公室内 巧学妙记 out of question 毫无 疑问 out of the question不可能 零冠词用法口诀 take place发生 take the place of取代 下列情况不用冠，名词之前代词限。 复数名词表泛指，球类学科和三餐。 have a word with have words with与… 与…交谈 专有名词不可数，星期月份季节前。 吵架 交通手段阳历节，习语称谓和头衔。 in hospital/,prison住院/ in the hospital/prison 坐牢 医院/在监狱里 小试牛刀 go to the church/college go to church/college/ hospital/prison/school 在空白处填入适当的冠词，不需要冠词的地方画“/” hospital/prison/school 到教堂去/到大学去/到 1.The workers fought side by side against 做礼拜/上大学/住院/ 坐牢/上学 医院去/到监狱去/到学 the diseases. 校去 2.When he left college,he got a job as in possession of拥有， in the doctor in his hometown. possession of 占有 3.The actor and 为…所有 director is highly thought of by his fans. 029 是启航英语 高中英语语法必备 3.Tom was ill in hospital while his parents 小试牛刀 were at church on Sunday. 在空白处填入适当的冠词 4.It's out of question that he can pass the 1.This shop is in charge of Mr Green and driving test,for he has been training for a long his wife is in charge of the housework. time while it's out of question for me to 2.Robots will never take place of man. pass the driving test. 目 做真题·练基础 新露头角 I.单句语法填空 12.(2021·全国乙卷)Due to growing 1.(2025·全国-卷)Go is one of earliest popularity of environmentally-related and binary-based(基于二元的)games.. adventure travel,various types of trips are now 2.(2025·1月浙江卷)The price of fashion- being classified as ecotourism. economically and environmentally-has led to the 13.(2021·新高考I卷)While you're in China, rise of new way of dressing,and it's Mount Huangshan is must to visit! beginning to take off in Australia,too. 14.（2021·6月浙江卷) Lincolns enlarged 3.(2024·新课标I卷)Silk as well as many plant the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the species came to Britain for first time. needs of their growing family. 4.(2024·1月浙江卷)Then,when you use one 15.（2020·全国卷I)Returning to book section, other stays fresh. you've read many times can feel like drinks with 5.(2023·新课标I卷)The meat should be fresh old friend. with touch of sweetness and the soup 16.(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)The plum trees are hot,clear and delicious. first to flower even as the snow is melting. 17.(2019·全国卷I)Suddenly football 6.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Not the pandas,even though fell just in front of me and almost hit me. language used for the medical training 18.(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)When we got a call saying instructions is actually English. she was short-listed,we thought it was 7.(2023·1月浙江卷)in contrast to the court life joke. and upper-class culture represented by the 19.(20i9·全国卷Ⅱ)Since an important volleyball Forbidden City,the Summer Palace,and the match is around corner,I am writing to Temple of Heaven,the hutongs reflect tell you some details about the match. culture of grassroots Beijingers. 20.(2019·浙江卷)Everybody wears same 8.(2022·全国乙卷)Engineers are now working on style of clothes.Uniforms can be useful in new concept:the rail drones of the unexpected ways. future. Ⅱ.语法与写作一单句微练 9.（2022·全国甲卷) friend of his,Wu 1.桌子里的书是我的。 Fan,volunteered to be his companion during the in the desk are mine trip. 2.我昨天看了一场电影。电影是8点结束的。 10.(2022·全国卷I)Covering an area about three I saw yesterday. times size of Yellowstone National was ended at 8 o'clock. Park,the GPNP will be one of the first national 3.怀特夫妇对我很好。 parks in the country. are kind to me. 11.（2021·全国甲卷)It took us about3 hours to go 4.我们按小时计酬。 all way around the Xi'an City Wall. We are paid 030 第三章冠词 启航英语是 5.受伤者被送到了医院。 8.20世纪90年代初，录音机非常流行。 were brought to the hospital 1990s,the recorder 6.他打了那个贼的脸 was very popular. He struck the thief 9.他又写完了一封信。 7.人们相信，工作越努力，得到的就越多。 He has finished third letter It is believed that you work 10.那是场极其令人兴奋的比赛。 you'll get That was game. 提能力·助写作 炉火纯青 I.单句语法填空 12."This limited-edition flavor is your gateway into a 1."It's like going from whales size of lively,energetic world where anything is possible minivans(小面包车)to longer than two school and imaginations are free to discover the magic in buses,"Pyenson added. ordinary moments,"Coca-Cola said in 2.Huang Qingsui, Zhuang ethnic art press release. designer,numbers among these artists. 13.We're hoping one day it'll become Olympic sport 3.So what chance does theatre beginner 14.The wedding ceremony is usually hosted warmly with little patience and zero flexibility like me and the wedding ceremony very often ends with stand against Peking Opera? unique banquet. 4.In 2006,the Rishengchang museum was named 15.But naps can actually be double-edged “major national cultural relic”under sword because while we're awake during the day, protection by the State Council. we're building up sleepiness or sleep pressure. 5 first smart money move you can make is Ⅱ.语法与写作一语篇微练 to take advantage of this free and informative After1_(一场激烈的讨论)，our class has resource. decided to recommend Li Hua as the Touching Figure 6.The books given on Tuesday not only provide a on the Campus.We have several reasons to believe he chance of promoting Chinese culture and tourism, is qualified for the honor.First,Li Hua is always but also are precious gift of friendship willing to offer us help whenever necessary.Besides, from the people of Nanjing to the Maltese people. his great devotion to work as a monitor makes our 7.You wouldn't believe class_2(学习的好地方)in.However,what has success that we impressed us most is his unconditional love to poor have had. children.Last summer vacation,he volunteered to 8.Doupas is determined to continue with his career in teach English3_(在一个小村庄)，which has China,hoping to serve as bridge inspired many other students to join in and thus between China and the West. helped open up4(一个新世界)to those 9.To ensure that two pandas start their new children as well. lives smoothly,both sides have made full All in all,his selfless love touches our heart and preparations. his action suggests that even small efforts can 5 10.The Jiahu settlement is located in the central plain (产生影响)to those in need..Therefore,we strongly of ancient China, area known today as support Li Hua as the Touching Figure on the the Henan Province. Campus. 11.Since September,the labor class has been listed as official course in the school life of primary and middle school students. 031是启航英语 高中英语语法必备 ,提能力 1.gently 2.gifted 3.govemment;governor 4.graduation 5.guidance;guide 6.healthy 7.heated 8.height 9.helpful:helpless 10.hesitation 11.ignorance;ignorant 12.illegal 13.illness 14.imagination;imaginable/imaginary 15.immigration 16.joyful 17.judgment 18.just 19.kindness:kindly 20.killer 21.enlarge;largely 22.laughter 23.laziness;lazily 24.length 25.limited 26.majority 27.manager;management 28.meaning 29.medicine 30.memorial 31.national;nationality 32.natural;naturally 33.necessity;unnecessary 34.noisy 35.northern 36.occupation:occupied 37.operator:operation 38.organization;organizer 39.official 40.officially 1.Various分析句子结构可知，设空处修饰后面的名词 combinations,故填形容词various,注意首字母大写。 2.production根据定冠词the和设空后的of可知，该空用所 给词的名词形式，故填production。 3.professional分析句子结构可知，设空处作定语，修饰后 面的名词museum tour guide,故填professional。 4.appearance根据句意可知，此处指“在外表方面”，根据前 面的介词可知，此处填appear的名词形式appearance。 5.attractive设空处修饰名词qualities作定语，应用形容词 形式，故填attractive 1.y.改善2.y.上交3.n.黑色4.n.谈话5.ad.努力地 新西兰的一个科学家小组最近无意中发现了一种以前 未知的企鹅物种的遗骸一怀塔哈企鹅，这个物种已经灭绝 了500年，对科学界来说，这是一个令人兴奋的消息。本文 讲述的研究的过程和结论。 1.scientists 2.previously 3.discovery 4.exciting 5.effects 6.Surprisingly 7.settlement 8.disappearance 9.arrival 10.rarest 第三章 冠词 叉研考点·记歌决 一小试牛刀 (考点一 等小试牛刀 l.a:a“数词+and+a half表示“..个半”；break作名词意 为“休息”时，是可数名词，前面要加不定冠词。 2.a:/fom在此为可数名词，前面应加不定冠词，意为“某 一种” 2man意为“人类”，其前不加冠词 3.a;a两个空白后的dream属于并列第一次出现，且均为 可数名词，所以都用不定冠词。不定冠词a在两处均意为 “(非特指的)一个” 4.a;a句意：在那些艰难的岁月里，能买得起一杯饮料是 种莫大的安慰。a drink意为“一杯饮料”；a comfort意为 “一件令人安慰的事” 5.a;a句意：人们普遍认为男孩子就该学会站起来像男人 一样去奋斗。boy和man均为可数名词，在句中都表泛 指，故其前都应该加不定冠词。 6.a;a不定冠词和序数词连用时，意为“又一，再一”，a second chance意为“再一次机会”；第二空中first impression为泛指，又由题干可知impression为可数名词， 可数名词单数表泛指时须用不定冠词。 7 a;a句意：除非我们创造一个污染更少的世界，否则我们 就永远不要期待有一片更蓝的天空。独一无二的事物前 用不定冠词表示一时的特色或特定阶段的情况。 8.a在人名前加不定冠词表示“某个..”，aMr.Smith意 为“一位叫史密斯的先生” 176 9.an;a eight以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an,表示“一 (个)”；have a gift for是固定搭配，意为“有…的天赋”。 10.a:a两个空均表示数量“一”，均用不定冠词 考点二 小试牛刀 l.the:the表示江、河、海、洋的名词前要加定冠词：序数词 前要加定冠词。 2.the:the形容词最高级前要用定冠词the:month后有of May修饰，表特指，故用定冠词。 3.the;the rush-hour traffic和heavy rain前均加定冠词the, 特指刚刚发生的事。 4.the:he此处的bed和book都是特指，故均用定冠词。 5.the:the由普通名词构成的专有名词，一般加the:特指 “艾滋病的传播”，故用定冠词。 6.the:the第一个空填the,表特指；第二个空后面是形容词 最高级，应填the。 7.the“the+比较级”表示两者中的特指。 8.the“by+the+表示计量单位的名词”表示“以…计”。 by the hour意为“按小时计”。 9.the;a“the+单数名词”指的是整个类别，而popular means of communication应该有很多种，手机只是其中一种，故用 不定冠词a。 10.The第二次提到某人或物时其前用定冠词。 (考点三 小试牛刀 1./side by side肩并肩地。 2./;a leave college为固定用法，意为“大学毕业”；第二个 空后的doctor为单数可数名词，表泛指要用不定冠词a。 3./两个名词指同一个人时，后面名词前不用冠词。 4./;/by chance碰巧；tum doctor成为医生。 5./:/ on duty值班；in public当众。 6./no与such连用时放在such前，such后的名词不需 冠词。 7./in danger of处于…的危险中 8./;/make fun of取笑；do harm to对…有害。 9./ in charge of负责。 10./ on purpose故意地。 小试牛刀 1.the;/ in the charge of在.…掌管之中；in charge of掌管。 2.the take the place of代替。 3./;/in hospital住院；at church在做礼拜。 4./;the out of question毫无疑问；out of the question不 可能。 目做真题·练基础 一新露头角 1.the“one of+the+形容词最高级+名词”为固定搭配，表 示“最…的…之一 故填定冠词the。 2.away意为“方式”，是可数名词，此处表示一种新的穿衣 方式的兴起，表泛指，且new的发音以辅音音素开头。故 填不定冠词a。 3.the for the first time意为“第一次”，是固定搭配。故填the 4.thethe other意为“（两者中）另一个”，为固定搭配。故 填the 5.a a touch of意为“一点点；稍许”，是固定搭配，用于表示 某种程度上的存在或影响，通常指不太明显或不严重的程 度。touch以辅音音素开头，故填不定冠词a。 6.the分析句子结构可知，此处特指“用于医学训练指导使 用的语言”，为特指概念，应用定冠词修饰，故填h肥 7.he根据句意可知，此处指“草根北京人的文化”，表示特 指概念，故填定冠词the。 8.a work on a new concept意为“致力于一个新观念”。表 泛指，故填a。 9.A句意：他的一个朋友吴凡在旅行中自愿成为他的同伴。 此处泛指“他的一个朋友”，应用不定冠词，friend以辅音 音素开头，应用a,空处位于句首，首字母大写。故填A。 10.he句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将 成为中国首批国家公园之一。本句结构为：倍数+the size of+比较成分。故填the。 11.the ,句意：我们绕着西安城墙走了大约3个小时。结合 句意表示“一直；完全地”可知短语为all the way,故用定 冠词the限定名词way。故填the: 12.the句意：由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各 种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。分析句子结构可 知，空处应填冠词。再结合空后“growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel"可知，此处特 指与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，所以应填定冠 词the。故填the。 13.a句意：当你在中国的时候，黄山是一个你一定要去的 地方。ust作名词时，意为“绝对必要的事物”，为可数 名词，此处泛指“一个必须去的地方”，应用不定冠词， must是以辅音音素开头的词，应用a。故填a。 14.The句意：林肯夫妇在1856年把房子扩大到了整整两 层，以满足他们日益增长的家庭的需要。根据句意可知， 此处意为“林肯一家”：根据设空后的Lincolns可知，此处 考查“the+姓氏复数”，表示夫妇俩，或者一家人。设空处 位于句首，所以首字母要大写。故填The l5.a:an句意：回归到你曾读过很多次的一本书中可能感 觉就像和一位老朋友对饮一样。两空都是泛指，od以元 音音素开头，故其前用an 16.the考查冠词。rst是序数词，在这与定冠词the连用表 示“第一批开花的”：且此处“flower”是动词，意为“开 花 ”,动词不定式“to flower'”作定语，修饰“the first'” 17.a句意：忽然一个足球刚好落在了我的面前，差一点砸 着了我。football前面应该用不定冠词a。 18.a句意：我们以为这是一个玩笑。因为joke为可数名 词，故用不定冠词。 I9.the固定搭配around the corner意为“就要来临，即将来 到” 20.the the same style of clothes意为“相同风格的衣服” 1.The books 2.a film;The film 3.The Whites 4.by the hour 5.The wounded 6.in the face 7.the harder;the more 8.In the early 9.a 10.a most exciting 0提能力·助写作—一炉火纯青 I. 1.te分析句子结构可知.“ size of minivans(小N 面包车)”用作后置定语，修师前面的名词whales,the size of..,意为“和… 一样尺寸的”，故填the。 2.a根据句意可知，设空处泛指“一位壮族艺术设计师”，故 用不定冠词，且Zhuang的发音以辅音音素开头，故填不定 冠词a 3.a结合句意可知，此处指“一个戏剧初学者”，且theatre的 发音以辅音音素开头，故填不定冠词a 4.a分析句子结构并结合句意可知，此处表泛指，且major 的发音以辅音音素开头，故填不定冠词a。 5.The first是序数词，move在此用作名词，意为“行动”。 故此处需要加定冠词，故填Te。注意首字母大写。 6.a根据句意可知，此处表泛指，gift是可数名词，且 precious的发音以辅音音素开头，故填不定冠词a。 7.h根据句意可知，此处指“我们已经取得的成功”，为特 指概念，故填定冠词the。 8.根据句意可知，此处表示“充当中国和西方之间的一座 桥梁，此处表泛指，且bridge的发音以辅音音素开头，故 填不定冠词a。 9.the根据句意可知，此处特指这两只大熊猫，为特指概念， 故填定冠词he 10.am 句中aea为可数名词，在句中作the central plain of ancient China的同位语，指今天的河南省的一个地区，此 处表示泛指，且area的发音以元音音素开头，故填不定冠 词an. 11.n根据句意可知，此处指“自9月起劳动课已被列为中 小学生学校生活的正式课程” 。此处表示泛指，又因为 official的发音以元音音素开头，故填不定冠词an。 答案全解全析 启航英语悬 12.a根据语境可知，此处表泛指，应用不定冠词修饰“press release'”,且press的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。 13.n根据句意可知，此处指“一项奥运会比赛项目”，为泛 指概念，故用不定冠词；且Olympic的发音以元音音素开 头，故填ano 14.a句意：婚礼总是被主持得很温馨，并且婚礼往往以独 特的宴会结束。考查冠词。设空处修饰名词banquet,表 泛指概念，故填不定冠词；unique的第一个音素为辅音音 素，故填不定冠词a。 15.a句意：但实际上，小睡是一把双刃剑，因为当我们在白 天醒着的时候，睡意或睡眠压力是不断累积的。考查冠 词。设空处后的double--edged sword在本句中表泛指，意 为“一把双刃剑”，故填不定冠词a。 1.a heated discussion 2.a good place to study 3.in a small village 4.a new world 5.make a difference 第四章 名词 研考点·记歌诀 小小试牛刀 考点一 小试牛刀 1.sheep 2.food 3.teeth 4.water 5.people 6.tomatoes 7.leaves 8.children 9.dictionaries 10.hairs 11.women 12.orange 13.foxes 14.juice 15.dishes (考点二 小试牛刀 1.bicycle句意：自行车店就在拐角处，你一定会找到的 此处是名词作定语，表示类别。不强调所属关系，不用所 有格。 2.twins'以s结尾的名词复数的所有格直接在其后加’ 3.women's women's rights女性的权利。 4.Children's Children'sDay儿童节。 5.Mary's此处应用双重所有格以示强调 6.Lucy and Lily's表示共有的所有关系时在最后一个名词 末加's 7.today's today's newspaper今天的报纸. 8.teacher's考查双重所有格 9.barber's at the barber's在理发店 10.of句意：箱子太沉，孩子扛不起来。无生命的所有格， 常用“the+名词+of+名词”来表达。 11.of the wall of our classroom我们教室的墙 12.of a map of China一张中国地图。 13.ofof表所属关系。 14.sister's a friend of my sister's我妹妹的一位朋友。 15.arm's at an arm's length指距离很近。 考点三 小试牛刀 1.a two-day holiday/a two days'holiday 2.vegetable garden 3.coffee up 4.wine glass 5.Room temperature 6.phone book 7.sports sports car跑车。spot需用复数形式作定语。 8.sales sales girl女售货员。sale用复数形式作定语。 9.Two car factories 10.summer holiday 11.women woman与man修饰单数名词用单数，修饰复数 名词用复数形式。 I2.men men doctors男医生 13.weight problem 14.health health problem健康问题。 15.boy students 177