Unit 2 Section Ⅱ Welcome to the unit & Reading（Word教参）-【步步高】2024-2025学年高二英语选择性必修第二册学习笔记（译林版）

本高中英语讲义围绕奥运会的历史、发展与成就这一核心知识点，通过速读理解文章主旨与篇章结构，细读获取举办周期、古代奥运会存续时间等细节，再到读后语法填空、句型分析及词块积累，构建从整体感知到语言内化的学习支架。 资料以分层任务驱动学习，速读与细读环节培养学生信息筛选与逻辑分析的思维品质，语法填空和词块默写提升语言能力，如通过“过去分词作状语”句型解析及仿写强化语法应用。课中助力教师引导学生逐步深入文本，课后学生可借助词块表和训练题巩固知识，弥补学习盲点。

Section Ⅱ　Welcome to the unit & Reading Step 1　速读——整体理解文意 Ⅰ.明文章大意 What’s the main idea of the text? A．Diverse sports in the Olympic Games. B．The history and achievements of Beijing Olympic Games. C．Some famous Olympic players who have made great contributions. D．The history，developments and achievements of the Olympic Games. 答案　D Ⅱ.悉篇章结构 Part 1(Para.1)　　 A．China and the Olympic Games Part 2(Paras.2－3) B．History of the Olympic Games Part 3(Paras.4－5) C．Influence of the Olympic Games Part 4(Para.6) D．Introduction of the Olympic Games Part 5(Para.7) E．Well-known Olympians 答案　Part 1　D；Part 2　B；Part 3　E；Part 4　A；Part 5　C Step 2　细读——深度获取细节 1．How often is the Olympic Games held? A．Every two years. B．Every three years. C．Every four years. D．Every five years. 答案　C 2．How many years did the ancient Olympic Games exist? A．125 years. B．283 years. C．1,169 years. D．1,500 years. 答案　C 3．For what purpose did Pierre de Coubertin bring the Olympics back to life? A．To promote a peaceful world by joint efforts. B．To push the boundaries of human achievement. C．To encourage women to participate in the Olympic Games. D．To encourage people from different racial origins to participate in sports. 答案　A 4．Where is the passage most likely from? A．A website. B．A brochure. C．A history book. D．A geography magazine. 答案　A 5．What is the author’s attitude to the Olympic Games? A．Positive. B．Neutral. C．Indifferent. D．Cautious. 答案　A Step 3　读后——课文语法填空 The Olympic Games，held every four years，is 1.an extraordinary sporting event for thousands of 2.highly(high) trained and talented athletes.The ancient Olympic Games began in the year 776 BCE and died out around the year 393.Only Greek men were allowed 3.to participate(participate) during the early Games.It was Pierre de Coubertin 4.who/that brought the Olympics back to life.The modern Olympics were first held in 1896，in Athens. 5．Motivated(motivate) by the original Olympic motto “Faster，Higher，Stronger”，many well-known athletes have devoted themselves to achieving sporting excellence.One such Olympian was the boxer Cassius Clay.He won the light heavyweight gold medal for the USA during the 1960 Rome Olympics,6.demonstrating(demonstrate) great talent and personality.By the time he died in 2016，he 7.had been recognized(recognize) as one of the greatest boxers of all time.Another sportsperson that should be applauded is Jessica Ennis-Hill.In an interview she revealed that the secret of her 8.consistent(consist) good performance was the training that she never missed. The 2008 Beijing Olympics called 9.on the whole world to join in the Olympic spirit and build a better future for humanity.Another historic moment for China came when Beijing successfully hosted the 2022 Winter Olympics after winning the 10.election(elect) in 2015. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Ⅰ.补句子　析结构 1．This is the Olympics—an extraordinary sporting event that was first celebrated(celebrate) about 3,000 years ago.(P16，Para.1) 结构分析：此句是主从复合句。an extraordinary sporting event为the Olympics的同位语，that引导定语从句。 汉语翻译：这就是奥运会——一场可以追溯到约3 000年前的非凡的体育赛事。 2．His dream was that the Olympics would help people of different racial origins(origin) and from different cultures live side by side in peace.(P16，Para.3) 结构分析：此句是主从复合句。that引导表语从句。 汉语翻译：他的梦想是借助奥运会让不同种族、不同文化的人和平地生活在一起。 3．He came to public attention during the 1960 Rome Olympics，when he won(win) the light heavyweight gold medal for the USA，demonstrating(demonstrate) great talent and personality in the process.(P16，Para.4) 结构分析：此句是主从复合句。when引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词during the 1960 Rome Olympics。 汉语翻译：他在1960年罗马奥运会上引起了公众的关注。当时，他为美国赢得了轻重量级拳击金牌，并在比赛过程中展现了极高的天赋和优秀的品格。 4．Her story is a remarkable(remark) example of how hard work and devotion can lead to sporting excellence.(P17，Para.5) 结构分析：此句是主从复合句。how引导宾语从句，how在从句中作状语。 汉语翻译：她的故事为我们出色地示范了如何通过勤奋和专注取得优异的体育成绩。 5．In an interview she revealed that the secret of her consistent(consist) good performance was the training that she never missed.(P17，Para.5) 结构分析：此句是主从复合句。In an interview为状语，“she revealed ...”为主句；其中第一个that引导宾语从句；第二个that引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the training。 汉语翻译：她在采访中透露，自己维持良好表现的秘诀在于从来不缺席训练。 6．This success is truly(true) remarkable if you consider that just 24 years before，at the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics，Xu Haifeng won our country’s first-ever gold medal.(P17，Para.6) 结构分析：此句是主从复合句。if引导条件状语从句；that引导宾语从句，其中just 24 years before为宾语从句中的时间状语，at the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics为从句中的地点状语。 汉语翻译：这份成功着实令人瞩目，考虑到仅仅24年前，许海峰才在1984年洛杉矶奥运会上为我们国家摘得了史上第一块金牌。 7．At the 2004 Athens Olympic Games，Liu Xiang became the first Asian to win (win) the gold medal in the men’s 110-metre hurdles，while at the 2016 Rio Olympic Games，the Chinese women’s volleyball team won a hard-fought victory in the final.(P17，Para.6) 结构分析：此句是while连接的并列句，while意为“而，然而”，前后为对比关系。 汉语翻译：2004年雅典奥林匹克运动会上，刘翔成为亚洲赢得男子110米跨栏金牌的第一人，而在2016年里约热内卢奥林匹克运动会上，中国女子排球队在决赛中艰苦作战取得了胜利。 8．As Coubertin believed，“With the Olympic Games，each generation celebrates its advent，its joy of living，its faith in the future，its ambition and its will to ascend.”(P17，Para.7) 结构分析：此句是主从复合句。As引导非限制性定语从句；its advent，its joy of living，its faith in the future，its ambition and its will to ascend为并列结构，作动词celebrates的宾语。 汉语翻译：正如顾拜旦所信奉的：“有了奥林匹克运动会，每一代人都能庆祝他们的到来、他们生活的喜悦、他们对未来的信念、他们的雄心，以及他们进取的决心。” Ⅱ.研典句　学用法 过去分词短语作状语 Motivated by the original Olympic motto “Faster，Higher，Stronger”，many well-known athletes，both male and female，have devoted themselves to achieving sporting excellence and pushing the boundaries of human achievement.(P16，Para.4) 在最初的奥运口号“更快、更高、更强”的激励下，许多著名的男女运动员力争取得卓越的体育成绩并不断突破人类成就的极限。 结构分析：本句是简单句。Motivated by the original Olympic motto “Faster，Higher，Stronger”为过去分词短语作状语；both male and female为主语many well-known athletes的同位语；achieving sporting excellence和pushing the boundaries of human achievement为并列结构作介词to的宾语。 ————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————过去分词(短语)作状语，其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语，且主语是过去分词动作的承受者。过去分词(短语)作状语时，可单独使用，也可以在其前面加上适当的连词，可表示时间、原因、条件、伴随、方式等。 ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— (1)由绿树包围，农场坐落在我们学校附近的山脚下。 Surrounded by green trees，the farm is located at the foot of the mountain near our school. (2)沐浴在阳光下，我们不仅亲近了自然而且体验到了劳动的喜悦。 Bathed in the sunshine，not only were we close to nature but also we tasted the pleasure of labor. (3)当被困在暴风雪里的时候，他知道他该做的第一件事就是从寒风和大雪中找到遮蔽处。 When trapped in the severe snowstorm，he knew the first thing he should do was to find shelter from the freezing wind and snow. 课文重点词块默写 1．每四年every four years 2．训练有素、天赋过人的运动员highly trained and talented athletes 3．聚集在一起gather together 4．本着……的精神in the spirit of 5．希望 in the hope of 6．最终停办die out 7．使……重获生机bring...back to life 8．和平地生活在一起live side by side in peace 9．共同努力 make joint efforts 10．献身于，致力于devote oneself to 11．引起了公众的关注come to public attention 12．展现了极高的天赋和优秀的品格demonstrate great talent and personality 13．继续做proceed to do sth 14．被公认为be recognized as 15．维持良好表现的秘诀the secret of one’s consistent good performance 16．除……之外(还有)in addition to 17．第一次for the first time 18．位列第一rank first 19．第一位赢得金牌的亚洲人the first Asian to win the gold medal 20．给人们带来了喜悦和激动bring joy and excitement to people 训练2　Welcome to the unit & Reading　[分值：50分] Ⅰ.单句写作(课文佳句仿写)(共15分) (应用文写作——报道体育运动会) 1．上周日，全体高三学生参加了我们学校一年一度的体育运动会，这丰富了我们的校园生活。(which引导的非限制性定语从句；participate in) Last Sunday，all the senior three students participated in our school’s annual sports meeting，which enriched our school life. 2．为了赢得奖项，学生们积极地与他人竞争。(不定式作后置定语；compete with) With the aim to win prizes，the students competed with others actively. 3．正是因为他们的出色表现，他们赢得了观众的掌声。(强调句型) It was because of their outstanding performances that they won the applause of the audience. 4．受他们体育精神的激励，我们将会克服困难，努力学习。(过去分词短语作状语) Motivated by their sportsmanship，we will overcome difficulties and study hard. 5．最后，我想强调的是，增强体质很重要。(表语从句) To conclude，what I want to stress is that building up our body is of great significance. 组句成篇　以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。 Last Sunday，all the senior three students participated in our school’s annual sports meeting，which enriched our school life. With the aim to win prizes，the students competed with others actively.Windy though it was that morning，all athletes tried their strength with every effort all the way to the finishing line at the foot of South Hill.Some students performed so well that they even broke the records.It was because of their outstanding performances that they won the applause of the audience. Motivated by their sportsmanship，we will overcome difficulties and study hard.To conclude，what I want to stress is that building up our body is of great significance. Ⅱ.阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，共20分) A Zhonglin Wang started playing table tennis only four years ago.But last year，he and other researchers came up with a clever way to improve their game：Build a smart table. Now they’ve just introduced a prototype to the public.It can measure where a ball lands，how fast the ball’s going and where it’s headed.The table can do that because its innovative wood surface forms the top layer of a novel self-powered sensor.The data it acquires could help players to perform better，says Wang. Wang is a materials scientist at the Georgia Institute of Technology，in Atlanta.He describes the invention as a machine that can learn to analyze how someone plays.Importantly，the new smart table doesn’t need a battery to detect the ball.When a ball hits the wood，it sets off a chain of events that can both generate a small electric current and record the ball’s behavior. Wang is an expert at inventing devices that provide their own power.In 2012，he invented a triboelectric(摩擦生电的) nano-generator.He calls it TENG，for short.Even if you’ve never heard of “triboelectricity”，you know the phenomenon.Most of us call it static electricity.The first TENG that Wang put together in 2012 looked like a sandwich.It had layers of charged materials separated by a small gap.When the sandwich bent or changed shape，its layered materials rubbed against each other.This caused electrons to start building up on one side. What makes the new game table truly unique is its use of wood as one of the TENG’s layers.As it turns out，Wang explains，“Wood is an excellent triboelectric material.” Building a full-size game table would require a large grid of wood TENGs.Wang says that’s on his drawing board as a project for the future. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种新的发明——智能乒乓球桌面。它可以感知乒乓球的速度、方向等，从而帮助人们提高球技。 1．Which of the following can probably replace the underlined word “detect” in paragraph 3? A．Stop. B．Start. C．Observe. D．Release. 答案　C 解析　词义猜测题。根据文章画线单词后文“When a ball hits the wood，it sets off a chain of events that can both generate a small electric current and record the ball’s behavior.”可知，当球击中木头时，它会引发一系列事件，能记录下球的行为，这说明新的智能游戏桌不需要电池来观察球。所以画线单词的意思和“观察”有关。故选C。 2．What can we know about TENG? A．It was invented last year. B．It functions like a sandwich. C．It is a scientific phenomenon. D．It’s a device generating power. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的“In 2012，he invented a triboelectric(摩擦生电的) nano-generator.He calls it TENG，for short.”可知，TENG是一种发电装置。故选D。 3．Why is the new table unusual? A．It can measure the speed of the ball. B．It uses wood as a TENG’s layer. C．It can help players perform better. D．It uses a new steel table surface. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第一句“What makes the new game table truly unique is its use of wood as one of the TENG’s layers.”可知，这个新的游戏桌与众不同的地方在于使用了木头作为TENG的一层。故选B。 4．What can be the best title for the text? A．A Unique Smart Game Table B．A Table Tennis Lover C．Ways to Win a Table Tennis Game D．New Rules for Table Tennis Games 答案　A 解析　标题归纳题。根据文章第一段第二句“But last year，he and other researchers came up with a clever way to improve their game: Build a smart table.”以及全文对这款新型乒乓球桌的介绍可知，文章主要围绕智能乒乓球桌展开的。所以“A Unique Smart Game Table(一个独特的智能游戏桌)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选A。 B Pleasanton Partnerships in Education Foundation(PPIE) was started in 1987 to raise money by organizing running events for local schools.Based in Pleasanton，California，a suburb of San Francisco，the non-profit organization recently hosted a family focused fitness event for the community.“Our event helps to bring the community together，” said Mindy Louie，events and outreach manager for PPIE.“We have more than 3,000 participants，hard-working volunteers and viewers.” This year’s fitness event took place on April 30 at the Alameda County Fairgrounds.It featured races of two miles，five kilometers and ten kilometers.A new Kids Challenge consisted of a quarter-mile run to encourage younger children to participate.When asked to describe the run,11-year-old Jeremy Louie said，“Fun，exciting and enjoyable.” Jeremy added that he was happy to help support his school. PPIE supports all 15 schools in the Pleasanton Unified School District，which include more than 14,500 students and 800 teachers and staff.The non-profit organization tries to fund programs affected by budget cuts，while encouraging fitness and athleticism.To date，the PPIE has raised over $1 million for the school district. A local runners’ group called the BURN Youth Development(B.Y.D.) participated in the fundraising.The B．Y.D.has since grown to more than 100 youth members,30 of whom ran in April’s PPIE event.Jerry Wu，the group’s founder and lead coach，explained that the B．Y.D.was born to keep kids running.“Watching them running strongly and happily makes me smile every time，” Jerry said. Jerry encourages teamwork and teaches the students valuable running techniques.As a B．Y.D.member，Ollie Gu，an eighth grader，was one of the top finishers in the ten-kilometer run.He completed the race in 40 minutes and 46 seconds and won first place in the 12- to 15-year-old age group.“The race was extremely rewarding，” Ollie said.“I’m looking forward to it next year.” 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一个名为PPIE的基金会通过为当地学校组织各种跑步运动会来筹集资金。 5．Which race was recently created? A．A ten-kilometer run. B．A two-mile run. C．A five-kilometer run. D．A quarter-mile run. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“A new Kids Challenge consisted of a quarter-mile run to encourage younger children to participate.”可知，最近创建的跑步比赛是四分之一英里跑步比赛。故选D。 6．How is the influence of PPIE presented in paragraph 3? A．By listing data. B．By making a comparison. C．By giving theoretic analysis. D．By conducting a questionnaire survey. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“all 15 schools” “more than 14,500 students and 800 teachers and staff” “over $1 million”可知，在讲述PPIE基金会的影响时，作者通过列数据的方式进行说明，简洁而有说服力。故选A。 7．What did both Jerry and Ollie want to convey? A．Their duties as athletes. B．Their feelings as coaches. C．Their recognition of the B．Y.D. D．Their anticipation of the next run. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“‘Watching them running strongly and happily makes me smile every time，’ Jerry said.”和最后一段中的“‘The race was extremely rewarding，’ Ollie said.‘I’m looking forward to it next year.’”可知，Jerry看到孩子们在B.Y.D.组织的比赛中跑步就会开心，Ollie认为这场比赛非常有收获并期待来年的比赛，由此可推测出，他们对B.Y.D.非常认可。故选C。 8．What is the text mainly about? A．Sports volunteers. B．Racing for education. C．Running with teachers. D．Young sportsmen. 答案　B 解析　主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段首句“Pleasanton Partnerships in Education Foundation(PPIE) was started in 1987 to raise money by organizing running events for local schools.”可知，本文主要介绍了普莱森顿教育伙伴关系基金会通过组织跑步体育活动来为当地学校筹集资金，从而支持教育。由此可推测出，B项“为教育而跑步”最适合作本文标题。故选B。 Ⅲ.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，共15分) Gulnara Tolmacheva is from Russia，who has always wanted to be a tutor.She has 1 and realized her dream in Karamay，a Chinese city in Xinjiang.Now，she lives in Xinjiang and 2 Russian in a local university. 3 having interest in the Chinese culture during her childhood，Tolmacheva didn’t 4 China until 2009.She was especially surprised at the way people of different ethnic groups were getting along in Xinjiang. 5 by the energetic and culturally 6 city，she chose to study Chinese in Urumqi in 2013.Tolmacheva and her family 7 to Karamay in 2019 after getting a job offer there.Little did she know about the city 8 ，but now she considers Karamay as her second 9 .“The friendship and 10 of my students and colleagues made me feel at home，” she 11 .She added that her work was going well，and her son was healthy and happy. Tolmacheva was 12 by the kindness and warmth of those around her，and she decided to work even harder to motivate her students.“The 13 environment is very important.So I tried my best to teach them Russian songs and organize short plays during courses，” she said.Having realized her dream of learning Chinese in Xinjiang，Tolmacheva is now 14 about finishing her doctoral degree and is planning to write some Russian textbooks.She does have a great 15 for her job. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了来自俄罗斯的Gulnara Tolmacheva一直想成为一名老师，她在新疆的克拉玛依定居下来并实现了自己的梦想。 1．A.fallen behind B．blown up C．kept away D．settled down 答案　D 解析　根据下文中的“she lives in Xinjiang”可知，她在克拉玛依定居下来。故选D。 2．A.masters B．quits C．teaches D．learns 答案　C 解析　根据上文中的“wanted to be a tutor”和“realized her dream”可知，她在一所大学教俄语。故选C。 3．A.In case of B．In spite of C．In terms of D．In place of 答案　B 解析　句中的 “having interest in the Chinese culture during her childhood”和“Tolmacheva didn’t China until 2009”之间是让步关系。故选B。 4．A.visit B．choose C．expect D．admire 答案　A 解析　根据下文中的“She was especially surprised at the way people of different ethnic groups were getting along in Xinjiang.”可知，她2009年才来到中国。故选A。 5．A.Impressed B．Confused C．Frightened D．Annoyed 答案　A 解析　根据下文中的“she chose to study Chinese in Urumqi”可知，她对乌鲁木齐印象深刻，所以才在这里学习汉语。故选A。 6．A.single B．minor C．false D．diverse 答案　D 解析　根据上文中的“people of different ethnic groups”可知，新疆有不同的民族群体，所以有多元的文化。故选D。 7．A.attended B．contributed C．moved D．objected 答案　C 解析　根据空后的“to Karamay in 2019 after getting a job offer there”可知，她在克拉玛依得到了一份工作，于是和家人一起搬到了这里。故选C。 8．A.gratefully B．currently C．gradually D．previously 答案　D 解析　根据句中的“but now”可知，这里是说她以前对这座城市了解不多。故选D。 9．A.destination B．hometown C．barrier D．entrance 答案　B 解析　根据上文中的“Tolmacheva and her family to Karamay”可知，她搬到了克拉玛依，在这里安定下来，所以这里是她除了俄罗斯之外的第二故乡。故选B。 10．A.promotion B．company C．absence D．criticism 答案　B 解析　根据空前的“The friendship and”和空后的“of my students and colleagues made me feel at home”可知，这里与and前的friendship并列，表达的意义在情感上相承，同事和学生的陪伴让她感觉像在家一样。故选B。 11．A.recalled B．promised C．recommended D．apologized 答案　A 解析　根据前面她说的内容可知，这些是她的回忆。故选A。 12．A.limited B．discouraged C．touched D．recognized 答案　C 解析　根据空后的“by the kindness and warmth of those around her”可知，周围人的善良和温暖让她感动不已。故选C。 13．A.language B．family C．career D．accommodation 答案　A 解析　根据下文中的“So I tried my best to teach them Russian songs and organize short plays during courses”可知，她努力在课堂上教学生们俄语歌曲并编排短剧，这些都能为学生创造一个学习俄语的良好语言环境。故选A。 14．A.modest B．enthusiastic C．particular D．sensitive 答案　B 解析　根据空后的“about finishing her doctoral degree”可知，她想要取得博士学位，对这件事充满热情。故选B。 15．A.pity B．advantage C．return D．affection 答案　D 解析　根据空后的“for her job”并结合上文她努力教学生们学好俄语并计划写一些俄语教材可知，她非常喜欢自己的工作。affection for意为“对……的喜爱”。故选D。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $