Unit 1 The mass media 培优提能练(一)（Word教参）-【步步高】2024-2025学年高二英语选择性必修第二册学习笔记（译林版）

训练7　培优提能练(一)　[分值：80.5分] Ⅰ.阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，共20分) A Myspace launched in September 2003.Friendster gave inspiration to the founders of Myspace，and the social network officially went live on the web in January 2004.After its first month online，over one million people signed up.By November 2004，that number grew to 5 million.By 2006，Myspace was visited more times than Google Search and Yahoo，becoming the most visited website in the United States.In June of that year，Myspace was reportedly responsible for nearly 80 percent of all social media traffic. As explosive as Myspace was，it paled in comparison to how quickly Facebook grew into the Internet giant it is today.In April 2008，both Facebook and Myspace attracted 115 million unique global visitors per month，with Myspace still winning in the U．S.alone.In December 2008，Myspace experienced peak(顶峰) U．S.traffic with 75.9 million unique visitors.As Facebook grew，Myspace sustained a series of downsizing and redesigns as it tried to redefine itself as a social entertainment network.It was estimated(估价) in March 2011 that the site had dropped from attracting 95 million to 63 million unique visitors within the past year. Although several factors triggered Myspace’s fall，one argument held that the company never figured out how to innovate well enough to keep up with the competition.Officially，however，Myspace is far from dead.If you go to myspace.com，you’ll see that it is very much still alive，though it has mostly transitioned away from social networking to become a site for planning music and entertainment.As of 2019，the site boasted over 7 million monthly visits.On Myspace’s front page，you’ll find a variety of entertainment news stories not just about music，but also movies，sports，food，and other cultural topics.Profiles are still a central feature of the social network，but users are encouraged to share their own music，videos，photos，and even concert events. 语篇解读　本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了Myspace的兴衰史。Myspace曾经是美国访问量最大的网站，由于缺乏创新，它的人气输给了Facebook，如今已经转型为一个以音乐和娱乐为主的网站。 1．How long has it taken Myspace to become the most visited website in America since its establishment? A．About 2 years. B．About 3 years. C．About 5 years. D．About 8 years. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中“Myspace launched in September 2003.”以及“By 2006，Myspace was visited more times than Google Search and Yahoo，becoming the most visited website in the United States.”可知，Myspace自2003年成立以来，花了约3年的时间才成为美国访问量最大的网站。故选B。 2．What does the underlined word “sustained” mean in the second paragraph? A．Adapted. B．Acquired. C．Challenged. D．Experienced. 答案　D 解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句及前一句可知，Myspace经历过顶峰，但是在Facebook崛起之后，Myspace的访问量受到影响，所以Myspace缩小规模，重新打造为社交娱乐网络，sustained意为“遭受，经受”，与experienced意思相近，故选D。 3．What is one of the main reasons for Myspace’s failure? A．Lack of improvement. B．Too much competition. C．Unclear business positioning. D．Cutting down too many workers. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中“Although several factors triggered Myspace’s fall，one argument held that the company never figured out how to innovate well enough to keep up with the competition.”可知，Myspace衰落的其中一个原因是该公司从来没有认识到如何使自身改善到足够跟上竞争，即创新不够，其平台缺乏改进。故选A。 4．What does Myspace mainly feature right now? A．Profiles. B．Social networking. C．Entertainment news. D．Music and entertainment. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中“If you go to myspace.com，you’ll see that it is very much still alive，though it has mostly transitioned away from social networking to become a site for planning music and entertainment.”可知，如今的Myspace主要以音乐、娱乐为特色。故选D。 B This week Surgeon General Vivek H．Murthy released a warning about the risks that social media presents to the mental health of children and teenagers.Adolescent mental health has been declining for years，and an increasing amount of research suggests that social media platforms could be partially to blame.But experts continue to debate just how much impact they have. Numerous studies demonstrate that adolescent rates of depression，anxiety and loneliness have skyrocketed in the U．S.and elsewhere since around the time that smartphones and social media became ever-present. Yet the role social media plays has been widely debated.Some researchers have sounded the alarm，arguing that social media provides the most credible explanation for problems such as enhanced teen loneliness.Other researchers have been sitting on the fence.In 2019 Jeff Hancock，founding director of the Social Media Lab at Stanford University，and his colleagues completed an analysis of 226 scientific papers dating back to 2006.They concluded that social media use was associated with a slight increase in depression and anxiety but also improvements in feelings of belonging and connectedness. Some recent studies have attempted to clarify the link between social media and mental health，asking，for instance，whether social media use is causing depression or whether people are being more active on social media because they’re depressed.In an attempt to present evidence，Massachusetts Institute of Technology economist Alexey Makarin and two of his colleagues conducted mental health surveys taken by college students across the country.Their study，published in 2022，found that swollen rates of depression and anxiety，as well as declined academic performance，followed Facebook’s arrival.Makarin says much of the harm they documented came from social comparisons: students viewed the online profiles of their peers and believed them to “have nicer lives，party more often，have more friends and look better.” “In total，there’s an increasingly clear picture that，indeed，social media has a negative impact on mental health，” Makarin says.“We are not saying that social media can explain 100 percent of the rise of mental health issues...But it could potentially explain a sizeable portion.” 5．What do we know about social media? A．It has a negative influence on adolescent mental health. B．It is the leading cause of adolescent depression. C．It plays an important role in treating mental illness. D．Its impact on mental health is still unknown. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中“Adolescent mental health has been declining for years，and an increasing amount of research suggests that social media platforms could be partially to blame.”和第二段可知，社交媒体对青少年心理健康有负面影响。故选A。 6．What is Jeff Hancock’s attitude towards social media? A．Critical. B．Objective. C．Favorable. D．Indifferent. 答案　B 解析　观点态度题。根据第三段中“They concluded that social media use was associated with a slight increase in depression and anxiety but also improvements in feelings of belonging and connectedness.”可知，Jeff Hancock对社交媒体的态度是客观的。故选B。 7．How does social media cause harm to teenagers according to Makarin? A．By threatening their academic performance. B．By presenting them with online profiles. C．By encouraging them to party more often. D．By making them feel worse off than others. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段中“Makarin says much of the harm they documented came from social comparisons：students viewed the online profiles of their peers and believed them to ‘have nicer lives，party more often，have more friends and look better.’”可知，Makarin认为，社交媒体会让青少年觉得自己比别人差，这对他们的心理健康不利。故选D。 8．What is the main purpose of the text? A．To advocate the harm of social media to teenagers’ mental health. B．To analyze the causes of worsening adolescent mental health. C．To present findings on the link between social media and mental health. D．To propose an effective approach to handling mental illness. 答案　C 解析　写作意图题。根据第一段内容以及下文的说明可知，本文的目的是展示社交媒体与心理健康之间关系的研究结果。故选C。 Ⅱ.七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，共12.5分) The Benefits of Making Fun of Yourself Being able to laugh at yourself isn’t always easy.However，making light of your weaknesses and life challenges can have a number of benefits.While it might sound surprising，being able to make fun of yourself can be good for your self-esteem(自尊)． 1 Making fun of yourself is a form of self-critical humor，which can involve being too modest，or even laughing at yourself humorously. 2 However，research suggests they tend to be more self-confident.When this type of humor is used to maintain a positive attitude in difficult situations，it can help enhance well-being and self-esteem. 3 Making fun of yourself may help make you more likable and build stronger relationships with others.Interestingly，research suggests that both men and women think that being able to make fun of yourself is an attractive trait，despite differences in their ways of using humor. Laughter has been shown to have a number of stress-fighting benefits. 4 When you view situations as threats，stress levels increase.Shifting to a mindset that allows you to see these situations as challenges can transform this into what is known as “good stress” that helps you feel more empowered. Making fun of yourself can have some benefits，but it’s important not to take things too far.If making fun of yourself starts negatively impacting your mental health or well-being，it’s time to take a step back. 5 If you embrace your weaknesses and imperfections to a reasonable degree，you will feel happier and improve your relationships and overall well-being. A．Find a balance that works for you. B．Laughing at yourself helps accept yourself. C．People are more drawn to others who can laugh at themselves. D．Being able to laugh at yourself can relieve stress by changing your view. E．Making fun of yourself in difficult situations can reduce your stress greatly. F．People with such a sense of humor are sometimes regarded as having low self-esteem. G．It might even improve your relationships and help you face challenges more effectively. 1．答案　G 解析　分析文章结构并根据空前的“While it might sound surprising，being able to make fun of yourself can be good for your self-esteem(自尊)．”以及第二、三、四段的内容可知，该部分总述自嘲的好处，所以此空处应承接上文，G选项对应第三、四段所讲的两个好处且其中的It指代上文中的“being able to make fun of yourself”。故选G。 2．答案　F 解析　根据空后“However，research suggests they tend to be more self-confident.”中的However可知，此空与下文为转折关系，下文讲述的是自嘲可以使人更加自信，所以此空处应该是与此内容相反，F选项讲述的是自嘲的人有时会被认为是自尊心低的人，符合题意。故选F。 3．答案　C 解析　空后“Making fun of yourself may help make you more likable and build stronger relationships with others.”讲述的是自嘲的人更讨人喜欢，更能与其他人建立牢固的关系，由此可知，自嘲有助于改善人际关系。C选项“People are more drawn to others who can laugh at themselves.”与下文内容吻合。故选C。 4．答案　D 解析　根据空前的段落主题句可知，该段讲述的是自嘲有抗压的好处，再根据空后两句“When you view situations as threats...Shifting to a mindset...”可知，D选项“自嘲能通过转变观点来缓解压力”能够承上启下，符合语境。故选D。 5．答案　A 解析　结合空前的“If making fun of yourself starts negatively impacting your mental health or well-being，it’s time to take a step back.”以及下文中的“If you embrace your weaknesses and imperfections to a reasonable degree，you will feel happier and improve your relationships and overall well-being.”可知，自嘲也不能过度。由此可推断，此空应是说明要找到一个自嘲的平衡点，既要自嘲，又不能过度，A选项起到承上启下的作用，符合题意。故选A。 Ⅲ.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，共15分) In 2013，Alie Ward’s life was falling apart.Her dad was diagnosed(诊断) with a rare form of cancer，and she was feeling increasingly 1 in her job. To distract herself from her troubles，she liked to find and take pictures of insects.Sometimes，if she found one she 2 liked，she’d post it online.Those 3 attracted the attention of a woman named Lila Higgins，who worked as an entomologist(昆虫学家) at the local natural history museum.After 4 Ward’s pictures，Higgins reached out to see if she would want a 5 of the museum’s insectary. When Ward arrived at the museum，Higgins 6 her and led her through the different exhibits. For the first time in ages，Ward felt herself 7 .Higgins noticed her enthusiasm and 8 Ward to volunteer at the museum for a few hours every week. “But at the time I really felt like I didn’t have a lot to 9 many people.That’s because I felt 10 those days and cried constantly，” Ward remembered. Despite her 11 ，Ward decided to sign up.Every Wednesday she’d arrive at the 12 .And with each volunteer shift，she felt a little bit 13 . “It gave me this sense of purpose.It helped me reconnect with my 14 of science and nature that I’d always had，” Ward said. Soon，Ward quit her original job and started 15 in science media.She now is the creator and host of a podcast called Ologies.Ward had Higgins on the show as her first guest. 语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了阿莉·沃德的生活曾经十分不顺心，为了转移自己的注意力，她喜欢寻找昆虫并给它们拍照，还会发布到网上。结果这些照片被当地自然历史博物馆的昆虫学家看到了，邀请她去博物馆当志愿者。Ward最终也选择了自己喜欢的工作。 1．A.curious B．incredible C．unhappy D．ashamed 答案　C 解析　根据上文“Her dad was diagnosed(诊断) with a rare form of cancer，and she was feeling increasingly”以及下文中的her troubles可知，此处是在说明生活中的不顺心，父亲被诊断出患有一种罕见的癌症，她对自己的工作也越来越不满意。故选C。 2．A.gradually B．particularly C．hardly D．mostly 答案　B 解析　根据后文“liked，she’d post it online”可知，此处指她会把自己特别喜欢的昆虫照片发布到网上。故选B。 3．A.posts B．troubles C．volunteers D．words 答案　A 解析　呼应上文“she’d post it online”指网上的帖子引起了昆虫学家的注意。故选A。 4．A.printing B．drawing C．seeing D．passing 答案　C 解析　根据后文“Ward’s pictures，Higgins reached out to...”可知，看到沃德的照片后，希金斯联系了她，故选C。 5．A.place B．treasure C．director D．tour 答案　D 解析　根据后文“led her through the different exhibits”可知，希金斯联系沃德是为了邀请她参观博物馆的昆虫饲养室。故选D。 6．A.defeated B．greeted C．warned D．resisted 答案　B 解析　根据上文“When Ward arrived at the museum”可知，沃德到达博物馆，希金斯和她打招呼，故选B。 7．A.give up B．break down C．check in D．light up 答案　D 解析　根据后文“Higgins noticed her enthusiasm”可知，沃德看了展品很高兴。light up“喜形于色”。故选D。 8．A.caused B．reminded C．advised D．begged 答案　C 解析　根据后文“Ward to volunteer at the museum for a few hours every week”可知，此处指希金斯根据沃德的反应提出了做志愿者的建议。故选C。 9．A.teach B．pay C．award D．offer 答案　D 解析　根据上文“volunteer at the museum...”以及“I really felt like I didn’t have a lot to”可知，此处表示沃德觉得自己没有什么东西可以提供给别人。故选D。 10．A.painful B．independent C．proud D．excited 答案　A 解析　根据后文“those days and cried constantly”可知，她感到痛苦，不停哭泣。故选A。 11．A.efforts B．doubts C．injuries D．smiles 答案　B 解析　根据上文沃德说自己没有什么东西可以提供给别人可知，她是对自己有所怀疑。故选B。 12．A.party B．hospital C．office D．museum 答案　D 解析　呼应上文“Ward to volunteer at the museum”指到博物馆做志愿者。故选D。 13．A.better B．embarrassed C．anxious D．healthier 答案　A 解析　根据后文“It gave me this sense of purpose.”可知，每次轮到她当志愿者，她都会感觉好一点。故选A。 14．A.list B．story C．love D．hope 答案　C 解析　根据上文“she liked to find and take pictures of insects”可知，此处指对科学和自然的热爱。故选C。 15．A.playing B．working C．thinking D．waiting 答案　B 解析　根据上文“Soon，Ward quit her original job and started”可知，沃德辞去了原来的工作，开始在科学媒体行业工作。故选B。 Ⅳ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分) Long ago in ancient China，there was a mythical figure 1. (know) as Shennong.Not only did Shennong bring agriculture and the use of herbal medicine to China，but he also invented 2. (agriculture) tools and techniques，and the Chinese calendar with its 24 solar terms. It is said that the home town of Shennong was a forest in Hubei Province，which today is called “Shennongjia”．This beautiful and diverse region covers 3. area of 3,253 square kilometers of north-west Hubei Province.It gives shelter to over 1,000 species of medicinal plants，many of 4. are rare and unique to Shennongjia.Here mountain slopes(山坡) 5. (cover) with trees and some of them grow up to 40 meters tall.In summer，pink and violet flowers lend splashes of color.These are some of 6. (it) most breathtaking landscapes.The magnificent Shennong Peak rises to 3,105 meters above sea level. Banbiyan is famous for its stone forest，as well as its bamboo forests and grasslands that flood with 7. (flower)．The stone forests of Fengjingya stand 8. a background of green mountains that reaches as far as the eye can see.When it rains，the tops of these mountains look like islands 9. (float) on a sea of clouds.Come to Shennongjia 10. (enjoy) its beauty and the legend. 1．答案　known 解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处用非谓语动词形式，并且考查固定搭配：be known as“被称为……”，所以此处应用过去分词known作后置定语，修饰名词figure。故填known。 2．答案　agricultural 解析　考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，agriculture的形容词形式是agricultural。故填agricultural。 3．答案　an 解析　考查冠词。此处考查固定搭配：an area of意为“一块……的面积”。故填an。 4．答案　which 解析　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是1,000 species of medicinal plants，指物，在从句中作of的宾语，应该用which引导。故填which。 5．答案　are covered 解析　考查动词的时态、语态及主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少and前面的句子的谓语动词，所以cover作谓语，主语是mountain slopes，两者之间是被动关系，应该用被动语态，描述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，且主语是复数。故填are covered。 6．答案　its 解析　考查代词。分析句子结构可知，空后是名词landscapes，所以空处应填形容词性物主代词作定语。故填its。 7．答案　flowers　 解析　考查名词复数。分析句子结构可知，空前是介词，所以空处应填名词，flower“花朵”为可数名词，根据前文的forests and grasslands可知用复数形式。故填flowers。 8．答案　against 解析　考查介词。分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定搭配：stand against a background of意为“站在……的背景下”。故填against。 9．答案　floating 解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，float用非谓语动词形式，空处修饰空前的islands且与islands构成主动关系，所以应该用现在分词形式作后置定语。故填floating。 10．答案　to enjoy 解析　考查非谓语动词。 根据句意，此处表目的，所以应该用不定式作状语。故填to enjoy。 Ⅴ.读后续写微练(共6小题；每小题3分，共18分) When I arrived home from school，night was falling.A call came from the public：a bird of unknown species was being attacked by a group of noisy children in his front garden.He scared them off and grabbed their victim.I immediately called for my classmate Jack to the spot. We were standing in front of a stranger’s house in an unfamiliar street，rescue box in hand.My head was full of instructions to follow.“The bird would be our first test as a volunteer wildlife rescuer！” Jack said excitedly.We had completed the two-day intensive training course the previous month and learned the basic skills of rescuing animals in various situations. But we were anxious，too.After all，it was the first time for us to rescue a bird.Would I be able to transfer the bird neatly into my rescue box? Many worries flashed in my mind.Sensing my unease about the act ahead，Jack said，“These things are pretty easy to deal with！” I was wondering what kind of bird it was when a kind-looking man appeared and led us inside to see our very first patient.I lifted the edge of the shoe box very slightly to see an angry-looking bird standing to attention on very thin and long legs，together with a slice of banana and a small dish of water.He didn’t know its true name but the folks called the creature Red Fan.“It’s eaten some banana，” said the man proudly.The poor soul seemed rather nervous，so I decided not to grab it by hand but just transfer the whole shoe box into my rescue box. Back home，we could only see some minor injuries in the left wing，but there was no blood on its feathers.Jack managed to treat the injuries with some iodophor(碘伏药水)．We assessed its condition to find out if it was appropriate to release the bird the next day.How could we help it spend the night peacefully? We hadn’t seen this species of bird before，let alone its habits. 范文补全 “Why not do a search on the Internet？” suggested Jack.We acted quickly and 1.surfed the Internet to figure out the relevant information about the bird(上网查找这只鸟的相关信息)，such as its species and habits.Following the given advice，we put some cotton at the bottom of the box to keep it warm and placed it near the fireplace.2.In order to recover its energy，we gave it some food and water(为了让它恢复精力，我们给它一些食物和水)．The bird looked a bit more comfortable，and soon it fell asleep.Having ensured the bird was in good condition,3.we felt relieved(我们感到欣慰)． The next day，we were glad to see the bird was well enough.It was singing and bouncing around in the rescue box.4.Obviously，it had regained its energy(很明显，它已经重获了能量)．Realizing it was fully ready for freedom，we took the box outside,5.placed the bird in my palm and petted it softly(把鸟放在我的掌心，轻轻地抚摸它) with mixed feelings.I held the bird up and let it go.The bird was circling above us as if to express gratitude.6.Jack and I looked at each other with a broad smile(Jack和我带着灿烂的微笑看了看对方)，feeling that we were qualified volunteer wildlife rescuers now. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $