Unit 1 Section Ⅰ Vocabulary（Word教参）-【步步高】2024-2025学年高二英语选择性必修第二册学习笔记（译林版）

本讲义聚焦高中英语词汇学习核心知识点，系统梳理26个重点词汇（如trap, witness）、7个短语（如come about, get across）、23组拓展词汇（如criticize→critical→criticism）及10个阅读词汇，构建“基础释义-词形转换-搭配句型-语境应用”的学习支架，助力学生从词汇积累到灵活运用。 资料以“词汇深度学习”为特色，通过词形转换表培养语言能力，结合写作佳句（如读后续写情绪描写）渗透思维品质，设置高考微练（一词多义、熟词生义）和分层训练（拼写、语法、阅读）提升学习能力。课中辅助教师构建词汇网络，课后助力学生自主巩固，弥补知识盲点。

Section Ⅰ　Vocabulary Ⅰ.写重点词汇 1．trap vt.使落入险境；卡住，绊住 n．陷阱；圈套；困境，牢笼 2．release vt.发布；释放；松开；发泄 n．释放；发行；排放，泄露 3．ambulance n．救护车 4．bath n．洗澡，洗浴；浴缸，浴盆 5．scream vi.& vt.尖叫；高声喊；发出大而尖的声音 n．尖叫，尖锐刺耳的声音 6．bark vi.(狗)吠叫 vt.厉声发令 n．(狗)吠声；短促响亮的人声；树皮 7．choke vi.& vt.(使)窒息；(使)哽咽；(尤指感情激动而)说不出话来 8．carpet n．地毯；覆盖地面的一层厚东西 9．false adj.错误的，不真实的；非天生的；假的，伪造的；不真诚的 10．sum n．金额，款项；总和，总数；全部 11．found vt.创建，创办；建立，兴建 12．drama n．戏剧；戏剧性事件 13.scholarship n．奖学金；学术 14．nevertheless adv.尽管如此 15．witness vt.& vi.是发生……的时间(或地点)，见证；目击；作证 n．目击者，见证人；证人 16.platform n．计算机平台；站台，月台；讲台，舞台 17．membership n．(统称)会员，会员人数；会员资格 18．chart n．图表；海图；(the charts)排行榜 vt.记录；制订计划；绘制区域地图 19．broadcast n．广播节目，电视节目vi.& vt.播送，广播；散布，传播 20．channel n．途径，渠道；电视台；频道；方法；水渠 21．boost vt.使增长，使兴旺 n．增长，提高；帮助，激励 22．purchase vt.买，购买 n．购买，采购；购买的东西，购买项目 23．sponsor vt.赞助；主办；为慈善活动捐款；资助 n．赞助商；为慈善活动捐款的人 24．absorb vt.理解，掌握；吸收；吸引全部注意力 25．discount n．折扣 vt.打折出售 26．dozens of 很多，许多 27．come about 发生 28．for instance 例如，比如 29．bring sth to light 揭露，披露 30．be committed to 致力于 31．mount up(尺寸和数量上)增加，上升 32．spring up迅速出现，突然兴起 33．get across被传达，被理解，把……讲清楚 34．brighten up(使)增添乐趣；使更艳丽 Ⅱ.悟拓展词汇 1．criticize v．批评，批判→critical adj.批评的，批判性的；关键的；危急的→critic n．批评家；评论家；评论员→critically adv.批判性地→criticism n．批评，指责 2．extend vi.& vt.延伸；扩大；延长→extension n．延伸，扩展；扩建部分，延伸部分；(电话)分机→extensive adj.广泛的；广阔的 3．construct vt.建造；修建→construction n．建筑，建造；建造物 4．minor adj.轻微的，次要的→minority n．少数，少数派；少数民族 5．automatic adj.自动的；无意识的，不假思索的→automatically adv.无意识地；自动地 6．investigate vt.& vi.侦查，调查；研究→investigation n．调查；研究 7．journalist n．新闻记者，新闻工作者→journalism n．新闻业，新闻工作 8．prior adj.先前的，事先的；优先的，重要的→priority n．优先事项，首要事情；优先权，重点 9．contradict vt.相矛盾，相反；反驳，驳斥→contradictory adj.相互矛盾的，对立的，不一致的→contradiction n．矛盾；反驳 10．fact n．事实→factual adj.事实的，真实的→factually adv.真实地 11．instance n．例子，事例→instant adj.立刻的，马上的；速食的，即食的；紧急的 n．瞬间；片刻→instantly adv.立刻，马上 conj.一……就…… 12．differ vi.相异；意见相左→different adj.不同的→differently adv.不同地→difference n．不同之处；分歧 13．conclude vt.& vi.结束；推断出→conclusion n．结论，推论；结束，结果；签订，达成 14．accurate adj.正确无误的；精确的→accurately adv.精确地；准确地→accuracy n．准确(性)；精确(程度) 15．commit v．犯(罪)；承诺；忠于(某人)；投入→committed adj.尽心尽力的→commitment n．承诺，许诺；献身，投入；花费 16．curious adj.好奇的→curiosity n．好奇心，求知欲；奇物，珍品→curiously adv.好奇地 17．politics n．政治，政治事务；政治观点，政见→political adj.政治上的；政府的；政党的；参与政治的→politically adv.政治上→politician n．从政者，政治家；政客 18．profession n．行业，职业；同行；宣称，声明→professional adj.专业的；职业的 n．专业人员 19．advertise vt.& vi.做广告，登广告；公布，征聘；展现，宣传→advertisement n．广告，启事；广告活动，广告宣传→advertising n．广告活动，广告业→advertiser n．广告商 20．persuade vt.说服；使信服→persuasion n．说服，劝说；信仰→persuasive adj.有说服力的 21．psychology n．心理，心理特征；心理学→psychological adj.心理的；精神上的；心理学的→psychologically adv.心理上地；心理学上地 22．memory n．记忆力；记性；回忆；内存→memorable adj.难忘的，值得纪念的→memorize vt.记住，熟记 23．amuse vt.(提供)消遣；逗笑→amusement n．娱乐(活动)；愉悦→amusing adj.有趣的；好笑的→amused adj.觉得好笑的 Ⅲ.认阅读词汇 1．Thanks to your generous help，the work was done with the minimum amount of effort.adj.最低的，最小的 2．With great discrimination，every one of us has the potential to be a critical news reader.n.辨别力，识别力 3．The study demonstrates that the average citizen in the developed world uses over 155kg of paper per year.n.公民 4．As is shown in the chart，the results can be divided into three main categories.n.类别；种类 5．If an advertisement is placed on a popular website or on TV at peak times，a huge number of people will know about the product or service it is advertising.adj.高峰时期的 6．A common technique to make an impact is to create a memorable slogan. n．标语，口号 7．Is the brand ambassador popular among potential customers？n.品牌　n．大使，代表 8．Of course，some advertisements are not so obvious: product placement is typically used in films with huge box-office success and TV shows with high ratings.n.放置；安置　n．收视率 9．All-girls schools tend to be smaller than coeducational schools，which means teachers will be able to tailor the materials to girl students’ personal learning styles and interest. vt.专门制作，定做 10．Despite poor housing conditions，the two girls still stayed there and did what they could do to help the children in remote areas.n.住房，住宅 trap vt.(trapped；trapped；trapping)使落入险境；卡住，绊住 n．陷阱；圈套；困境，牢笼 •trap sb into (doing) sth使某人陷入(做)某事的圈套；使某人中计 be/get trapped in被困在……中 •set/fall into a trap设/陷入圈套 (1)Many advertisements trap customers into buying(buy) low quality goods by means of discounts. (2)The clue showed that he was the murderer，so the police set a trap to catch him. (3)After the journalists had been trapped(trap) in the cave for two days，they were finally rescued. [写作佳句] (4)(读后续写之情绪描写)当警察告诉她，她的被困在燃烧的大楼里的儿子获救了，她声音哽咽地表达她的感激之情。 When the police told her that her son (who was) trapped in the burning building was rescued，she expressed her gratitude in a choked voice. come about 发生(不及物动词短语，无被动语态) come across(偶然)遇见；碰见；被理解 come on加油；开始；出场；得了吧 come out出版；被获知；(花)开放 come up走近；上来；被提及 come up with找到；提出；想出 when it comes to...当谈及…… (话题写作之人物介绍)当谈及我最尊敬的人时，我认为是我的班主任。他总是想出不同的方法来鼓励我们在他的课堂上与他积极互动，这使得他的课既吸引人又有趣。无论什么时候我们遇到问题，他都是第一个走近我们来用他的方式帮助我们的人。 (1)When it comes to the person I respect most，I think he is my head teacher.(2)He always comes up with different ways to encourage our active interaction with him in his class，which makes his class attractive and interesting.(3)Whenever/No matter when we come across problems，(4)he is the first person to come up to us to help us in his own way. differ vi.相异，不同；意见相左 (different adj.不同的，有区别的 difference n．不同之处；分歧) •differ from与……不同 differ in sth在某方面不同 •A be different from B in sth在某方面A和B不同 •make a difference (to sb/sth) (对……)有影响，起作用 (1)The twins look similar. Nevertheless，they differ from each other in character and other aspects. (2)The carpet in her new house is different(differ) from that in her old house，which makes her house more beautiful. [写作佳句] (3)(2020·新课标Ⅰ，应用文写作)比赛结束后，我们感觉这次赛事不仅对我们的身体状态有影响，而且也有助于我们建立一种积极的人生态度。 After the race，we felt that not only did the event make a difference to our physical state，but it also helped us build a positive attitude towards life.(倒装结构) conclusion n．结论，推论；结束，结果；签订，达成 (conclude v．得出结论；断定，推断出；结束) •come to/arrive at/reach/draw a conclusion得出结论 in conclusion＝to conclude总之，最后 •conclude...with...以……结束…… conclude...from...从……中推断出…… (1)The famous chemist concluded his speech with a famous saying，“Where there is a will，there is a way.” (2)The man who contracted deadly viruses concluded from his experience that a friend in need is a friend indeed. [写作佳句] (3)(读后续写之个人成长主题句)总之，我从自己的经历中得出了一个结论：无论发生什么事，一个人都应该坚持自己的梦想。 In conclusion/To conclude，I drew a conclusion from/concluded from my own experience：One should stick to his/her dream no matter what happens. committed adj.尽心尽力的 [commitment n．投入，献身；承诺；花费 commit v．犯(罪)；承诺；忠于(某人)；投入] •be committed to (doing) sth/commit oneself to (doing) sth致力于(做)某事；承诺(做)某事 •make a commitment to (doing) sth尽力做某事；承诺做某事 注意：表示“承诺(做)某事”也可以用commit oneself to do sth。 (1)He made a commitment(commit) to his study，making him win dozens of scholarships. (2)The talented scientist committed himself to his research in geophysics，so he could hardly spare time to accompany his children. →The talented scientist was committed(commit) to his research in geophysics，so he could hardly spare time to accompany his children. →Committed(commit) to his research in geophysics，the talented scientist could hardly spare time to accompany his children. [写作佳句] (3)(2022·全国甲，短文投稿)是世界上所有国家都致力于保护海洋和为人类建一个共享未来的社会的时候了。 It is high time that all countries in the world were/should be committed to protecting our ocean and build a community with a shared future for mankind. curiosity n．好奇心，求知欲；奇物，珍品(curious adj.求知欲强的；好奇的 curiously adv.好奇地) •out of curiosity出于好奇 with curiosity好奇地 •be curious about对……感到好奇 be curious to do sth 极想做某事 (1)Out of curiosity(curious)，he put those fragrant berries into his mouth and chewed them slowly. (2)If you are curious about the history of industrialization，you mustn’t miss this excellent opportunity. (3)Curious to know(know)about their topic of discussion，the boy went over and sat on the bench next to them. [写作佳句] (4)(读后续写之动作描写)我走近我爸爸，好奇地打开纸袋子，结果发现里面只有一个笔记本。 I came up to my father and opened the paper bag curiously/with curiosity，only to find a notebook in it. witness vt.& vi.是发生……的时间(或地点)，见证；目击；作证；是……的迹象 n．目击者，见证人；证人 a witness to...……的目击者/证人/证据 bear/give witness to sth 为某事作证，证明 (1)Your success in the competition bears witness to your hard work. (2)After investigating the case，the police questioned two witnesses(witness) to learn more detailed information. (3)The past few years has witnessed(witness)the boom of tourism due to the correct policies. [写作佳句] (4)(读后续写之环境描写)在接下来的几个小时里，风越刮越大，雷声隆隆，这让我们感到恐慌。 The following hours witnessed the wind picking up and thunder rolling，leaving us panicked. persuade vt.说服；劝说；使信服；使相信 (persuasive adj.有说服力的 persuasion n．说服，劝说；信仰) persuade sb to do sth＝persuade sb into doing sth 说服某人做某事 persuade sb not to do sth＝persuade sb out of doing sth 说服某人不做某事 try to persuade sb to do sth＝advise sb to do sth 试图说服某人做某事(未必成功)persuade sb of sth＝persuade sb that 使某人相信；使某人信服 (1)While shopping，people sometimes can’t resist being persuaded into buying(buy) what they don’t really need. (2)My father persuaded me not to ignore(ignore) factual details when reading news reports. ＝My father persuaded me out of ignoring(ignore) factual details when reading news reports. (3)I was persuaded of his honesty although he was accused of theft. [写作佳句] (4)(话题写作之健康生活方式)担心他的健康，我劝说他尝试许多不同的饮食。 Worried about his health，I persuade him to try/into trying many different kinds of diets. get across 被传达，被理解，把……讲清楚 get over解决；克服 get into被录取；习惯于；陷入 get through通过；接通(电话)；熬过(困难时期) get along/on with与……相处；进展 get down to (doing...)开始认真(做)…… get around四处走动；(消息等)传播 (应用文写作之建议信)我的建议如下。首先，我认为帮助同学们克服困难是个好主意，这能让你们更亲近。此外，你最好着手积极和同学们一起参加户外活动。通过这种方式，你们的联系将会增强。另外，我建议你经常与同学们交流，这样不仅能让别人理解你的意思而且还会帮助你们度过困难的时期。我真诚地希望我的建议能帮助你和同学们好好相处。 My suggestions are as follows.To begin with，I think (1)it is a good idea to help your classmates to get over their difficulties，which will bring you closer.Furthermore，(2)you’d better get down to taking an active part in outdoor activities with your classmates.By doing this，your bonds will be strengthened.Besides，I recommend that you should communicate with your classmates often，(3)making your meanings get across and (4)helping you get through difficult times.I sincerely hope that (5)my advice will help you to get along/on well with your classmates. absorb v．吸收(液体、气体等)；使全神贯注；使并入，吞并；理解 (absorbed adj.全神贯注的) •absorb oneself in全神贯注于 absorb...from...从……中吸收…… absorb...into...把……吸入/并入…… •be/get absorbed in全神贯注于 (1)Plants absorb carbon dioxide from the air and release oxygen. (2)This kind of cream is easily absorbed into the skin，which makes it sell very well. [写作佳句] (3)(读后续写之情绪描写)我如此专注于我的表演以至于我没注意到坐在舞台下面的Danny。 ①I was so absorbed in my performance that I didn’t notice Danny sitting under the stage. ②Absorbed in my performance，I didn’t notice Danny sitting under the stage.(过去分词短语作状语) ③Absorbing myself in my performance，I didn’t notice Danny sitting under the stage.(现在分词短语作状语) 高考热点微练 Ⅰ.一词多义 A.vt.发布；公布　B.vt.松开；放开　C.vt.发泄；宣泄　D.n.排放　E.n.发行 1．Many countries have taken measures to cut back on the release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. D 2．It is known that physical exercise is a good way of releasing stress. C 3．The new software is planned for release in April，which has already attracted a lot of attention. E 4．The general ordered the soldiers not to release the rope，as it was so dangerous. B 5．Up until now，the police have released no further details about the accident. A A.n.途径，渠道　B.n.电视台；频道　C.n.表达的方法，手段　D.n.水渠 6．The programme which will be broadcast live is on Channel 4，appealing to many young girls. B 7．The research shows the evidence that music is a great channel for releasing your emotions. C 8．With its easy access，the Internet has become the main channel for people to get information. A 9．All farmers were so thrilled to see water running along the channel to the fields after the drought. D Ⅱ.熟词生义 1．With autumn approaching，the road was covered by a yellow carpet of leaves.n.覆盖地面的一层厚东西 2．If you encourage them to tell you what they’ve learned，they’ll absorb the information more deeply and remember it more readily. vt.理解 3．These special courses are tailored to the needs of disabled children，which will appeal to them. vt.专门定制/定做 4．She was accused of knowingly making a false statement to the police.假的，伪造的 5．He exploded with anger and barked a series of questions at his wife.厉声质问 训练1　Vocabulary　[分值：72.5分] Ⅰ.单词拼写(共10小题；每小题1分，共10分) 1．Hundreds of miners were trapped under the mine due to its collapse. 2．The boy tried to persuade his father to investigate(调查) the case，but in vain. 3．The movie is planned for release(发行) next month，which grabs the headlines. 4．Construction of the office building will begin as soon as preparations are completed. 5．The club founded(创建) by Air Jordan has helped a lot of young people since it started. 6．As is shown in the research，old English differs(相异) from the English we speak nowadays. 7．Hearing the news that Tom was accused of murder，we were extremely shocked. 8．The witnesses being questioned by the police were unwilling to provide any detailed information. 9．The gym is planning to extend(延长)its opening hours to satisfy people’s demands during the event. 10．Students are encouraged to develop critical thinking instead of accepting everything they are told without question. Ⅱ.单句语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分) 1．It is the difficulties you encounter and your reactions to them that make a difference to your life in the future. 2．No matter what he said or what he did，in conclusion，he owed you a favor. 3．Committed(commit) to his new book，the novelist can’t spare any time to do other things. 4．The heating switches off automatically(automatic) after you leave your home. 5．We are faced with two apparently contradictory(contradict) statements，so we don’t know which one is right. 6．What he wanted to figure out was how this unhappy state of affairs came about. 7．He hits the ball with great accuracy(accurate)，winning a round of applause. 8．You’d better give us factual(fact) evidence of the case as much as possible. 9．He began a career in journalism(journalist), working for the local newspaper office. 10．Absorbed(absorb) in his mobile phone，he fell down on the frozen road. Ⅲ.阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，共20分) A A fashion blogger in her late 70s proved that fashion is for all ages as she showcased different styles and outfits on social media. For Candace Leslie Cima，aging is inescapable but it shouldn’t keep older people in a box，especially when it comes to beauty and fashion.That she’s old doesn’t mean she can’t wear beautiful and stylish clothes.This is what Cima always tells people when they question her fashion statement. Cima’s journey to challenging aging began when she created her social media account at 72.She wanted to know what influencers were like and discovered there weren’t many of them in her age group.This inspired her to create her own fashion blog and upload fashion videos on social media platforms. Cima grew her social media presence through her ongoing documentation called “Life in My 70s”．Her videos became famous on the Internet and gained millions of views.One of her most popular videos had 7.5 million views while the other one had 5.6 million views. A lot of her viewers were amazed by her creativity in mixing and matching different fashion pieces.Others admired her for looking really good at her age and wearing whatever she wanted.One of the commenters wrote，“If I’m not like this when I am older，then I don’t ever want to be 75.” Apart from uploading fashion videos，Cima is also devoted to her fashion blog where she writes about fashion and aging.Her blog’s goal is to inspire women from all walks of life and to remind them that aging is a natural but beautiful process that no one should be scared of.She wants to inspire women to accept these changes and look at them positively. “The only way that view is going to change is that we as older women show them that aging is a gift，something to be accepted，valued and shared，” the fashion blogger wrote. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。一位七十多岁的时尚博主在社交媒体上展示了她不同的穿搭风格，这告诉我们年龄不是限制我们追求时尚和自我表达的障碍。 1．Which of the following reflects Cima’s opinion on aging? A．It keeps older people in a box. B．It does not affect the pursuit of beauty. C．It means no beautiful and stylish clothes. D．It limits the fashion choices of the elderly. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段前两句“For Candace Leslie Cima，aging is inescapable but it shouldn’t keep older people in a box，especially when it comes to beauty and fashion.That she’s old doesn’t mean she can’t wear beautiful and stylish clothes.”可知，Cima认为变老并不意味着不能穿漂亮、时尚的衣服，即年龄不会影响人们对美的追求。故选B。 2．Why did the author mention Cima’s videos? A．To show her popularity. B．To inspire others to follow her. C．To prove her viewpoints. D．To recommend them to readers. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据第四段最后两句“Her videos became famous on the Internet and gained millions of views.One of her most popular videos had 7.5 million views while the other one had 5.6 million views.”可知，作者提到Cima的两个视频是为了证明她很受欢迎。故选A。 3．What suggestions does Cima give to women? A．Accepting what you are like. B．Reviewing your way of life. C．Doing whatever you want. D．Being positive about getting old. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“She wants to inspire women to accept these changes and look at them positively.”可知，Cima鼓励女性积极看待变老这件事。故选D。 4．What can we learn from Cima’s story? A．Getting old doesn’t mean you have to accept it. B．No one can disappoint you except yourself. C．Every stage of life can be beautiful and brilliant. D．We must seek victory in defeat and hope in despair. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据首段“A fashion blogger in her late 70s proved that fashion is for all ages as she showcased different styles and outfits on social media.”可知，一位七十多岁的时尚博主Cima在社交媒体上展示了她不同的穿搭风格，这告诉我们年龄不是限制我们追求时尚和自我表达的障碍。因此，人生的每个阶段都可以美丽而灿烂。故选C。 B Look at your modern TV，and you see nothing less than a technological miracle.Scientists began experimenting with the concept of television more than a century ago.But decades would pass before it was brought to the public at the 1939 World’s Fair.More time passed before TV sets were in stores—and even then，it took a while until most people had one. During the 1950s，TVs were expensive，screens were small and the pictures weren’t always clear.Moreover，early programs were in black and white；color wasn’t in wide use until the mid-1960s.Viewers didn’t have a lot of choice，either.Instead of hundreds of channels to choose from，most cities offered only three or four. Early TVs worked with the use of analog(模拟的) signals.Here’s how they worked：Using a giant transmission tower，the local television station sent those waves through the air.Antennas on the roofs of buildings and homes received those waves and transported the signal to the television sets inside.By 2009，TV stations replaced analog signals with digital signals，which is the standard used today. Modern digital TV uses different information streams.For example，one stream is for the picture；another stream is for the audio.Pictures are created by basic units called pixels(像素)．Your screen has tens of thousands of pixels.Basically，three colors—red，blue and green—form other colors in various combinations，and the picture is created from all the pixels together.Groups of bits are formed into larger units called bytes(字节)，which are the link between the content you’re watching and your TV.Your digital smart TV has an interface that allows you to control all the functions.Basically，a smart TV is a computer，large monitor and receiver all in one package. In the future，there will be more functions equipped in your cellphone and TV，thus offering you more choices.Whether the TV will be a screen for your cellphone is up to you. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了电视机的发展史以及早期的电视机和现代电视机是如何接收信号等内容。 5．Which of the following was a new characteristic of the TV sets in the mid-1960s? A．The screens were small. B．The pictures were unclear. C．The pictures were colored. D．Many channels were offered. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Moreover，early programs were in black and white；color wasn’t in wide use until the mid-1960s.”可知，直到20世纪60年代中期，电视节目的画面才是彩色的，由此可知，20世纪60年代中期电视机的新特点是画面是彩色的。故选C。 6．What is mainly talked about in paragraph 3? A．The development of TVs. B．The working process of TVs. C．The problems viewers meet. D．The advantages of modern TVs. 答案　B 解析　段落大意题。根据第三段中的“Here’s how they worked: Using a giant transmission tower，the local television station sent those waves through the air.Antennas on the roofs of buildings and homes received those waves and transported the signal to the television sets inside.”可知，第三段主要介绍了早期电视机的工作过程。故选B。 7．What can we know about modern digital TVs from the text? A．They are always used as computers by viewers. B．Their pictures are more colorful with higher pixels. C．Users can control some of the functions on their computers. D．Bytes are in charge of linking the programs to the TVs. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Groups of bits are formed into larger units called bytes(字节)，which are the link between the content you’re watching and your TV.”可知，字节是你正在观看的内容和电视之间的连接，由此可知，字节负责将节目连接到电视上。故选D。 8．Where is the text most probably from? A．A science-tech magazine. B．A news report. C．A travel brochure. D．A storybook. 答案　A 解析　文章出处题。通读全文尤其结合第一段中的“Look at your modern TV，and you see nothing less than a technological miracle.Scientists began experimenting with the concept of television more than a century ago.”可知，本文主要介绍了电视的发展史等内容，由此可知，本文最有可能来自科技杂志。故选A。 Ⅳ.七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，共12.5分) (2024·福建泉州高二期末) Having a sense of humor can make your entire life much more enjoyable.For some of us，this comes naturally. 1 If you want some tips to improve your sense of humor，try these out： •Appreciate more stand-up comedies. 2 If you don’t know where to start，look for something to your taste or start with something popular.The law of attraction will help you increase your sense of humor by understanding jokes，pick up lines and other metaphors(比喻)that make people laugh. • 3 If you really want to develop your humor，then try to take something ordinary and make a joke out of it.In fact，there is a hidden joke behind every little event and situation you come across.Go ahead and try it.You will find out that almost everything you see in daily life has a funny side. •Learn some simple jokes. In the beginning，you don’t have to be creative.Just go out and do some research! The Internet is full of great resources for jokes，humor，funny pictures，etc.Try searching for stuff that you like and add funny jokes to the end of your search. 4 •Know the difference between funny and mean. Making fun of someone for things they can’t change can come off as mean.The person who is the target of the joke can grow really embarrassed and it can turn their mood off. 5 You can also make self-depreciating(自嘲)jokes.And there will always be jokes where no one gets hurt. A．Observe other funny people. B．Try to see the funny side of things. C．You will find millions of things to make people laugh. D．For others，we might have to work a little to unlock it. E．To increase your sense of humor，watch more comedies. F．It’s a lot better than watching something that’s a bit of a struggle. G．Instead，make jokes about something they can easily change about themselves. 1．答案　D 解析　根据上一句“For some of us，this comes naturally.”可知，选项D“For others，we might have to work a little to unlock it.”中的“For others”与上一句的“For some of us”相对应，因此D项符合语境。故选D。 2．答案　E 解析　根据段落主题句“Appreciate more stand-up comedies.”可知，本段主要建议人们多看喜剧来提升幽默感，选项E“To increase your sense of humor，watch more comedies.”与本段主题相符；其中comedies是原词复现。故选E。 3．答案　B 解析　空处为段落主题句，根据本段中“If you really...then try to take something ordinary and make a joke out of it.”和“You will find out that almost everything you see in daily life has a funny side.”可知，本段主要是鼓励人们试着去发现事物有趣的一面，与选项B“Try to see the funny side of things.”意思相符。故选B。 4．答案　C 解析　根据上一句“Try searching for stuff that you like and add funny jokes to the end of your search.”可知，你可以搜索一些有趣的事情，选项C“你会发现很多令人们发笑的事”承接上文，呈现搜索的结果。故选C。 5．答案　G 解析　根据上文“Making fun of someone for things they can’t change can come off as mean.”可知，拿一些别人无法改变的事情开玩笑是很刻薄的，选项G提出正确的做法应该是拿一些别人很容易改变的事开玩笑，符合语境。故选G。 Ⅴ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分) “Look on the bright side” is one of those 1. (suggest) that people always consider inspiring but less helpful.However，new research shows that finding something of interest in a terrible situation makes 2. easy for people to stop complaining.Besides，looking at a challenge with humor is a good method,3. may even be helpful in preventing anxious people 4. feeling sad. In a study published much 5. (early)，researchers gave the participants(参与者) some photos that show negative situations.Then they would describe these photos according to 6.____________ request of researchers.Those using humorous words to describe the photos 7.__________(find) to have fewer negative emotions and more possibilities to go through a hard time in their life than those who described the photos 8. (direct)． So there appear to be no disadvantages to looking at difficult things in your life with humor and lightness.The conclusion from the study is that for those at higher risk of anxiety，humor can develop an ability 9. (control) negative emotions.What’s more,10. (make) others around you smile can be an extra benefit of humor.Therefore，when you feel stressed and couldn’t concentrate your mind on what you are doing，find something that can make you laugh first. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在消极的境况中看到积极的一面有助于减轻焦虑，也有利于培养控制负面情绪的能力。 1．答案　suggestions 解析　考查名词。分析句子可知，空处被those修饰，作介词of的宾语，因此应用名词形式表示“建议”，且此处表示“那些建议”，应用复数形式。故填suggestions。 2．答案　it 解析　考查固定句型。根据空前的“makes”和空后的“easy for people to stop complaining”可推知，此处是固定句型“make it＋形容词＋for sb to do sth”，意为“让做某事对于某人来说……”，空处应用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式短语。故填it。 3．答案　which 解析　考查定语从句。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词a good method进行补充说明，空处在从句中作主语，因此应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 4．答案　from 解析　考查介词。根据空前的“preventing anxious people”和空后的“feeling sad”可知，此处为固定短语prevent sb from doing sth，意为“防止某人做某事”。故填from。 5．答案　earlier 解析　考查副词比较级。空前的“much”常用于修饰比较级，且此处表示相对于当前更早的时间，因此空处应用early的比较级形式。故填earlier。 6．答案　the 解析　考查冠词。结合语境可知，此处特指来自研究者的特定要求，因此应用定冠词。故填the。 7．答案　were found 解析　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子可知，空处作主句的谓语，此处在叙述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，find“发现”和主语Those之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语是复数概念，be动词应用were。故填were found。 8．答案　directly 解析　考查副词。分析句子可知，空处修饰动词described，应用direct的副词形式directly，表示“直接地，坦率地”。故填directly。 9．答案　to control 解析　考查非谓语动词。抽象名词ability后通常跟不定式作后置定语，表示“……的能力”。故填to control。 10．答案　making 解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，空处和空后的others around you smile搭配，作句子的主语，是非谓语动词，且此处介绍的是一个已知的经验，因此应用make的动名词形式。故填making。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $