UNIT 4 Section Ⅱ Lesson 1 What’s So Funny（Word教参）-【步步高】2024-2025学年高二英语选择性必修第二册学习笔记（北师大版）

本讲义围绕幽默主题阅读理解与进行时态语法学习展开，先通过速读匹配故事与大意实现整体感知，再经细读细节题深化文本理解，后续结合课文语法填空巩固时态、词汇运用，最后系统讲解现在完成进行时等时态，构建“阅读-语法-词汇”递进式学习支架。 该资料以分层任务设计为亮点，速读匹配与细读提问提升语言能力，时态对比表格培养思维品质中的分析归纳能力。课中助力教师实施分层教学，课后练习题如语法填空、阅读理解帮助学生自主巩固，有效查漏补缺，强化学习能力，体现英语学科“学用结合”的教学特色。

Section Ⅱ　Lesson 1　What’s So Funny? Step 1　速读——整体理解文意 Ⅰ.明文章大意 Read the passage quickly and match the stories with the main ideas. Story A　(　c　) Story B　(　b　) Story C　(　a　) a．An amazing clown couldn’t give himself a good laugh. b．Sherlock Holmes and Dr.Watson saw millions of stars at night because their tent had been stolen. c．The store owner refused to give away the saucer with the cat because it can attract more buyers. Ⅱ.悉篇章结构 Step 2　细读——深度获取细节 1．Why didn’t the store owner sell the saucer? A．Because it was too dirty. B．Because he sold cats by it. C．Because he liked it very much. D．Because it didn’t belong to him. 答案　B 2．Why did Sherlock ask Watson to look up at the sky? A．He wanted to remind Watson their tent was gone. B．He wanted Watson to admire the beautiful night. C．They should do some research on stars. D．Watson could forecast the weather accurately. 答案　A 3．Which of the following is right according to Story C? A．Grock’s wife loved him very much. B．Grock never had problems at work. C．Grock was an amazing clown in a circus. D．Grock would be working in the United States for three years. 答案　C 4．What’s the tone of the author? A．Critical. B．Humorous. C．Serious. D．Indifferent. 答案　B 5．What does the word “retired” mean in Story B? A．To stop doing one’s job. B．To stop competing during a game，race，etc. C．To go to bed. D．To leave a place，especially to go somewhere quieter or more private. 答案　C Step 3　读后——课文语法填空 A famous art collector was walking through the city 1.when he noticed a dirty cat lapping milk from a saucer in the doorway of a store.He 2.did(do) a double take.He noticed that the saucer was 3.an antique and very valuable，so he paid 200 dollars for that cat.However，when the collector asked for that old saucer，the owner said，“Sorry my friend，but that’s my lucky saucer.So far this week I 4.have sold(sell) 68 cats.” Sherlock Holmes and Dr.Watson went on a camping trip and they went to sleep at night.Some hours later，Holmes woke up,5.asking(ask) his faithful friend to look up at the sky and tell him 6.what he saw.Watson saw millions of stars so he predicted that they 7.would have(have) a beautiful day the next day.Holmes was silent for a moment.“Watson，” he said，“someone has stolen our tent！” A middle-aged man was feeling very down.So，after he had been feeling depressed for over a month，he decided 8.to go(go) to the doctor.He had to wait for what seemed like 9.ages(age) in the doctor’s surgery.Finally，after he had been waiting for about half an hour，he was called in for his consultation.The doctor started to examine him.“Well，everything is working OK，” she announced afterwards.Then she recommended an 10.amazing(amaze) clown who would really make the man laugh.But the man said he was that clown. 1．He noticed that the saucer was an antique and very valuable，so he walked casually into the store and innocently(innocent) offered to buy the cat for 20 dollars.(P8 Para.2) 结构分析：本句为so连接的并列复合句。前一分句中that引导宾语从句。 汉语翻译：收藏家注意到浅碟是件古董，很值钱，于是他漫不经心地走进店里，假装不知情的样子，提出要花20美元买那只猫。 2．Hey，for the 200 dollars I wonder if you could throw in that old saucer.(P8 Para.6) 结构分析：本句为主从复合句。句中动词wonder后跟if引导的宾语从句。 汉语翻译：嘿，200 美元的话能不能把那个破碟子也送给我。 3．Watson，look up at the sky and tell me what you see.(P8 Para.2) 结构分析：本句为主从复合句。what引导宾语从句。 汉语翻译：华生，抬头看看天空，告诉我你看到了什么。 4．He had to wait for what seemed like ages in the doctor’s surgery.(P9 Para.1) 结构分析：本句为主从复合句。主句主语为 He，谓语为 had to wait...，what引导宾语从句；in the doctor’s surgery为地点状语。 汉语翻译：他在诊室里等着，像是等了几个世纪。 5．Finally，after he had been waiting for about half an hour，he was called(call) in for his consultation.(P9 Para.1) 结构分析：本句为主从复合句。句中after引导时间状语从句，意为“在……之后”。 汉语翻译：等了大约半小时后，终于叫到他了。 6．I hear there’s an amazing(amaze) clown who’ll really make you laugh.(P9 Para.5) 结构分析：本句为主从复合句。hear后是省略that的宾语从句，宾语从句中又含有一个who引导的定语从句，修饰clown。 汉语翻译：我听说有个很棒的小丑，他肯定能逗笑你。 faithful adj.忠实的；忠诚的(faith n．信任；信心；信念faithfully adv.忠实地) ·be faithful to忠实于；忠诚于…… ·have faith in对……有信心 lose faith in对……失去信心 (1)After listening to his speech，what I want to know is whether or not you have lost faith in his potential. (2)Dogs are friends of humans not only because they are lovely but also because they are faithful(faith) to their masters. [写作佳句] (3)Mort相信我，说利用这个机会帮助我他非常高兴。 Mort had faith in me，saying that he was more than pleased to take advantage of the chance to do me a favor. measurement n．测量，计量，衡量(measure vi.& vt.测量；衡量；判定 n．度量单位；措施) ·measure...by...用……来衡量…… ·make...to sb’s measure给某人量身定做…… take measures/steps/action to do sth 采取措施做某事 (1)Afterwards，the tailor measured me and made a suit to my measure. (2)We finally bought a house，measuring(measure) about twelve feet by fifteen feet. [写作佳句] (3)(应用文写作之倡议书)该是我们采取有效措施号召人们保护海洋生物的时候了。 It is high time that we should take/took effective measures/steps/action to call on people to protect ocean creatures. consultation n．就诊；咨询(consult vt.咨询；请教；商量；查阅consultant n．顾问；会诊医生) consult (with) sb about/on sth就某事和某人商量 consult a dictionary查字典 “查字典”的其他表达方式：look up a word in a dictionary；refer to a dictionary (1)I’ll consult with my partners about/on this significant agreement. (2)The doctors held a consultation(consult) to decide whether a surgery was necessary. [写作佳句] (3)多亏了学校顾问的建议，我们学生相处更和睦了。 Thanks to the school consultant’s advice，we students can live more harmoniously with each other. (4)(应用文写作之新闻报道)在会场的人非常激动，他们充分利用这个机会咨询专家。 So thrilled were those present at the meeting that they made the most of this opportunity to consult the experts. announce vt.宣布；通告(announcement n．宣布；通告；声明　announcer n．广播员；解说员) ·announce sth to sb 向某人宣告某事 It is announced that...据宣布…… ·make an announcement下通知；宣布 (1)The speaker announced the establishment of a new college to the public. (2)The announcer was making a significant announcement when the power was off.(announce) [写作佳句] (3)(应用文写作之通知)请注意！我要向你们宣布。据称，世界青少年机器人大赛将于7月7日至15日在天津举行。 Attention，please！I make an announcement to you.It is announced that the World Adolescent Robotics Competition will be held from July 7 to 15 in Tianjin. deserve vi.& vt.应受到；应得；值得(deserving adj.值得的；应得的) deserve doing/to be done值得被……(此处用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义，类似用法的动词还有：need，want，require等) deserve to do sth应该做某事 deserve it(口语)活该；自作自受 (1)Though the man played a clown in this play，he deserved to get(get) the audience’s respect. [写作佳句] (2)(2022·浙江6月，应用文写作)自习室的确值得体验，因此，请接受我真诚的邀请。 The self-study room does deserve experiencing/to be experienced，so please accept my sincere invitation. (3)(读后续写之表情描写)害羞的女孩尴尬得脸都红了，说她不配得到这个奖项。 Blushing with embarrassment，the shy girl said that she didn’t deserve the award. look up 仰望，向上看；查阅；尊敬；拜访；改善 look up to尊敬；敬仰 look after照顾 look down on/upon看不起 look for寻找 look into调查；研究 look through浏览，快速查看 (1)用look短语的正确形式填空 ①I will appoint my brother to look into those complaints，who can then find solutions. ②We shouldn’t look down upon/on the disabled；on the contrary，we should help them. ③I looked through today’s newspaper but I found nothing important. ④People were leaving the countryside in droves to look for work in the cities. [写作佳句] (2)每个教室都配备了一台电脑，我们可以通过它在不同的网站上查找信息。 Every classroom is equipped with a computer，through which we can look up the information on different websites. be doing...when... 正在做……这时…… A famous art collector was walking through the city when he noticed a dirty cat lapping milk from a saucer in the doorway of a store.(P8 Para.1) 一个著名的艺术品收藏家在穿过城市时看见一只脏猫在一家商店门口舔饮浅碟中的牛奶。 结构分析：此句话为并列句。句中when为并列连词，意为“正在那时”。 常用句型如下： had just done...when...刚刚做完……这时…… be about to do...when...正要做……这时…… be on the point of doing...when...正要做……这时…… (1)我刚坐下，灯就熄灭了，我吓坏了。 I had just sat down when the light went out，making me terrified. (2)我们正要离开时，隔壁房间突然发出了巨大的响声。 We were about to leave/were on the point of leaving when a big noise came from the next room. (3)(2021·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)双胞胎正在煲(stew)鸡肉粥，这时他们的爸爸迈进了厨房。 The twins were stewing chicken porridge when their father marched into the kitchen. 请认真阅读以下短文，完成后面的题目 Good morning！(1)Today I’ll be speaking to you about drones，also known as UAVs.Over the last few years，(2)scientists have been developing many kinds of drones.Flying around on their own，drones have been used for photography，scientific research and military operations.They will come into wider use in various fields in the near future. At the moment，delivery drones that are mainly used for military action and disaster relief are the most popular.(3)But some companies are also developing passenger drones，which carry people in crowded cities.This could not only save time，but also decrease road traffic.Before the 20th century，(4)most people had been using trains and boats for long traveling.But now we can assume that with improved technology in passenger drones，(5)we will be entering the age of personal flying vehicles. There are many other exciting new ways to use this technology.There can be no denying that the technology will have a huge impact on everyday life. 自主发现 句中黑体部分在时态上均属进行时；其中句(1)和句(5)是将来进行时，其构成是will/shall be doing；句(2)是现在完成进行时，其构成是have/has been doing；句(3)是现在进行时，其构成是be doing；句(4)是过去完成进行时，其构成是had been doing。 Continuous Tenses 一、现在完成进行时 1．现在完成进行时的构成 have/has＋been＋动词-ing形式 2．现在完成进行时的基本用法 (1)表示动作从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在并有可能延续下去，更强调动作的延续性，常与for，since等引出的时间状语及all the time，all the morning，these few days，all night等连用。 I have been living in Hawaii for ten years. 我在夏威夷已经生活了十年。 She has been burning the midnight oil recently to prepare for GRE. 她最近在熬夜准备研究生入学考试。 (2)表示动作的反复性。 They have been discussing the matter several times this year. 他们今年已经数次讨论那件事了。 (3)表示某种感情色彩。 I have been waiting to see you for a long time. 长久以来，我一直等着见你。 3．现在完成进行时和现在完成时的区别 时态 基本语法功能 动作的反复 感情色彩 现在完成进行时 表示动作的持续 可表示动作的反复 可表示强烈的感情色彩 现在完成时 表示动作对现在的影响或产生的结果 不表示动作的反复 一般不含有感情色彩 He has written a letter. 他写了一封信。(信已写好) He has been writing a letter. 他一直在写一封信。(信尚未完成) Have you met him recently? 你最近见过他吗？(现实结果) Have you been meeting him recently? 你最近常和他见面吗？(动作的反复) My father has lost his keys. 我父亲把钥匙丢了。(陈述事实) My father has always been losing his keys. 我父亲总是丢钥匙。(有“责怪或无奈”之意) 二、过去完成进行时 1．过去完成进行时的构成 had＋been＋动词-ing形式 2．过去完成进行时的基本用法 过去完成进行时表示在过去某时或者某个动作之前一直进行的动作，暗示该动作持续到过去某时或过去某个动作发生时，且还可能持续下去。常与by引出的时间状语、before或when引导的从句(从句用一般过去时)、表示一段时间的状语(如for hours，all these days)等连用。 They had been building the road by the end of last month. 到上个月月末为止他们一直在修建这条路。 He came back late because he had been waiting for her for two hours. 他回来得晚，因为他一直等了她两个小时。 He had been painting the door before his father came back. 父亲回来之前，他一直在给门刷漆。 三、将来进行时 1．构成 shall/will＋be＋动词-ing形式 2．基本用法 (1)表示将来某一时间段内或某一时刻正在进行的动作。 What will you be doing at eight tomorrow? 明天八点你会在做什么？ (2)表示已经决定或安排好要发生的动作。 I will be seeing you next week. 我下个星期来看你。 (3)表示预测可能会发生的事。 The weather report says that it will be raining when we hold the sports meeting. 天气预报说我们举行运动会时会下雨。 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．—You are a great swimmer. —Thanks.It’s because I have been practising(practise) a lot these days. 2．Mr Smith will not be able to attend the meeting tonight because he will be teaching(teach) a class then. 3．At last they got the information they had been expecting(expect)． 4．She had been studying(study) for two hours when her classmates came to visit her. 5．Mary has been working(work) really hard on her book and thinks she’ll have finished it by Friday. 6．I will be playing(play) basketball with my friends at 3 o’clock tomorrow. 7．She said that she had been listening(listen) to the radio after school. 8．Jack and Tom have been working(work) in the library every night over the last three months. Ⅱ.完成句子 1．在他来到英国之前，他已经学了很多年英语了。 He had been learning English for many years before he came to England. 2．史密斯教授将在下周的同一时间就这个话题再作一份报告。 Professor Smith will be giving another report on this subject at the same time next week. 3．自农历新年以来，自行车的数量一直迅速增长。 Since the Lunar New Year，the number of bikes has been growing rapidly. 4．目前，我的山地车正在被修理，我不得不步行去上学。 At the moment，my mountain bike is being repaired and I have to go to school on foot. 5．下周天将在报告厅举行英语演讲比赛。 An English speech competition will be held in the lecture hall next Sunday. Ⅲ.根据汉语提示完成语段 据我所知，来中国前你已经学了很多年的中文了，并且到了我们学校后，你也一直致力于探索更精深的中国文化。我坚信现在你一定很精通汉语。因此我写信邀请你参加学生会即将举办的中文演讲比赛。到时很多留学生将会聚集到一起展示自己的才华。我们真诚期待你的参加。 As far as I know,1.you had been learning Chinese for many years before you came to China.And ever since you came into our university，you 2.have been devoting yourself to exploring more advanced Chinese culture.I am 3.firmly convinced that now you must have a good command of Chinese.So 4.I am writing to invite you to take part in a Chinese speech competition which will be held by the Students’ Council.Many foreign students 5.will be gathering and showing their talents at this time.6.We are sincerely looking forward to your participation. 训练3　Lesson 1(A)　[分值：55分] Ⅰ.单句语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 1．The best way to treat such bleeding(bleed) is to apply firm pressure. 2．“Have I done something wrong？”the referee asked innocently(innocent)． 3．The decision was taken after close consultation(consult) with local residents. 4．I was enjoying a comedy with my three children when water started filling my home. 5．The middle-ged man mentioned casually(casual) that he might come again the next Sunday. 6．Observation，reason and experiment make up what we call the scientific(science) methods. 7．He was very careless in his work，so he really deserved firing/to be fired(fire)． 8．Pele was always faithful(faith) to sportsmanship(体育精神) as a professional player. 9．He had consulted a number of books about/on the subject in the library before he gave his speech. 10．The measurement(measure) of individual intelligence is very difficult，as we all know. Ⅱ.单句写作(课文佳句仿写)(满分15分) 1．几个调皮的学生正在大声谈论着，这时老师进来了。(be doing...when...) A few naughty students were talking loudly when the teacher came in. 2．他们立刻假装在词典中查阅单词，心里充满了焦虑。(look up) They immediately pretended to be looking up words in the dictionary，full of anxiety. 3．老师决定采取措施惩罚他们，他在黑板上写了一个问题“who talked just now”。(measure) The teacher decided to take measures to punish them and he wrote a question “who talked just now” on the blackboard. 4．他宣布无论谁回答这个问题，都可以获得奖品。(announce) He announced that whoever answered the question could get a prize. 5．一个学生站起来回答说：“没有人”，其他学生说：“聪明！他应该获奖。”(deserve) One student stood up and answered，“No one” and the other students said，“Clever！He deserves the prize.” 组句成篇　以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。 参考范文 A few naughty students were talking loudly when the teacher came in.They immediately pretended to be looking up words in the dictionary，full of anxiety.The teacher decided to take measures to punish them and he wrote a question “who talked just now” on the blackboard.He announced that whoever answered the question could get a prize.A moment later，one student stood up and answered，“No one” and the other students said，“Clever！He deserves the prize.” Ⅲ.阅读理解(共4小题；每小题2.5分，满分10分) (2024·河南洛阳高二期中) Everybody likes to laugh sometimes，whether at a funny joke，an amusing incident or a comical photograph or sound.The great thing is that once we’ve had a good laugh，we feel happier.It would seem therefore，that bringing a bit of humor into more serious situations might be good for us. Places like a humorless office or a tense classroom could sometimes do with a good dose of laughter.Seeing the funny side of things can certainly lift our spirits and that in turn can make us feel better about what we’re doing.Maybe we should get inspiration from Steve Carlisle，president of General Motors of Canada.He says，“Humor can help people feel more relaxed，more comfortable and thus be more effective at what they do.” Humor can be used by teachers in the classroom too.It’s a good way to break the ice with students and create a more relaxed atmosphere which is good for learning. But we have to be careful：not everyone laughs at the same things.While some of us may admire a work colleague or fellow student for their well-told jokes，others may consider them offensive！According to Professor Schweitzer，from the University of Philadelphia’s Wharton School，a worker or boss who successfully uses humor is seen as both confident and competent，which in turn increases his or her status.His study Risky Business：When Humor Increases and Decreases Status also found that someone who tells inappropriate jokes is also seen as confident but they’re also regarded as incompetent. So telling the right jokes in the office or classroom can spread some happiness.A study published in The Journal of Behavioral and Applied Management in 2006 found for healthcare workers，emotional exhaustion was significantly lower among those who experienced greater levels of fun at work.And other research has discovered that teams who share more jokes gave more supportive and constructive statements to each other and that’s no joke! 1．In what way does Steve Carlisle try to get along with his employees? A．Helpful ways. B．Inspiring ways. C．Confident ways. D．Humorous ways. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段的“Maybe we should get inspiration from Steve Carlisle，president of General Motors of Canada.He says，‘Humor can help people feel more relaxed，more comfortable and thus be more effective at what they do.’”可知，史蒂夫·卡莱尔认为幽默有助于人们放松，感到舒适，工作更有效，因此推断他与员工的相处方式是幽默的。故选D。 2．What should a new teacher do if he or she is to appear confident and competent? A．Try to be relaxed. B．Try to be careful. C．Tell jokes. D．Keep calm. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段的“Humor can be used by teachers in the classroom too.”和第三段的“According to Professor Schweitzer...who successfully uses humor is seen as both confident and competent，which in turn increases his or her status.”可推知，如果一个新老师想要看起来自信和有能力就可以讲笑话，表现出幽默。故选C。 3．What does the underlined phrase “break the ice” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Have a conversation. B．Have an argument. C．Break a habit. D．Talk about ice. 答案　A 解析　词义猜测题。根据上文“Humor can be used by teachers in the classroom too.”和下文“create a more relaxed atmosphere which is good for learning”可知，老师可以在课堂上使用幽默的方式与学生们交谈，创造出更轻松的氛围，有利于学习，因此推断画线部分是指“与学生们交谈”，从而消除尴尬或紧张的气氛。故选A。 4．What is someone seen as when he or she tells unsuitable jokes? A．Easy-going. B．Incapable. C．Stupid. D．Enjoyable. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段的“His study...someone who tells inappropriate jokes is also seen as confident but they’re also regarded as incompetent.”可知，讲不恰当笑话的人被认为是没有能力的。故选B。 Ⅳ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) The road to a Nobel prize is growing ever longer，with almost half of winners now 1. (wait) more than 20 years from making a Nobel-worthy discovery to receiving the prize. One analysis shows that the average time between publishing the work and receiving one of the science 2. (prize) has nearly doubled in the past 60 years.“In the early 20th century，Nobel winners were often in 3. (they) 30s，but now it is unheard of，” says Santo Fortunato,4. published a 2014 analysis of Nobel prizewinners since the award’s conception in 1901.His results showed that the time between winners’ prizewinning research and their Nobel had 5. (slow) increased over the years. There are a number of possible reasons for this trend.It could be that the overall number of breakthroughs 6. (increase) each year，so awards cannot keep up 7. the number of people who deserve 8. (recognize)．It is also the case that the importance of some works is realized only years or decades later. On the other hand，the lengthening gap could be 9. sign that there has been a decrease in “disruptive” science—10. (significance) studies or discoveries that change the paradigm(范式) of their field.This could be causing the Nobel committees to focus more on the past. 1．答案　waiting 解析　考查非谓语动词。此处是with复合结构，宾语almost half of winners和动词wait之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作宾语补足语，故填waiting。 2．答案　prizes 解析　考查名词的数。表示“……之一”，one of后面应用名词复数，故填prizes。 3．答案　their 解析　考查代词。in one’s＋基数词复数，表示“在某人多少岁时”，故填their。 4．答案　who 解析　考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰的先行词指人，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用who引导定语从句，故填who。 5．答案　slowly 解析　考查副词。此处应用副词slowly作状语，修饰动词increased，故填slowly。 6．答案　is increasing/increases 解析　考查时态和主谓一致。此处在句中作谓语，既可以表示现阶段正在进行的动作，应用现在进行时，也可以描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，主语是the overall number of breakthroughs，为单数意义，故填is increasing/increases。 7．答案　with 解析　考查固定搭配。keep up with为固定搭配，意为“跟上”，故填with。 8．答案　recognizing/to be recognized/recognition 解析　考查动词搭配。此处指值得被认可的人，可以用deserve doing＝deserve to be done“应该/值得被……”，也可deserve后直接跟名词recognition作宾语。故填recognizing/to be recognized/recognition。 9．答案　a 解析　考查冠词。此处泛指一个信号或征兆，应用不定冠词来修饰，且sign发音是以辅音音素开头，应用a，故填a。 10．答案　significant 解析　考查形容词。此处应用形容词significant作定语，修饰名词studies，故填significant。 训练4　Lesson 1(B)　[分值：35分] Ⅰ.阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分) A A fashion blogger in her late 70s proved that fashion is for all ages as she showcased different styles and outfits on social media. For Candace Leslie Cima，aging is inescapable but it shouldn’t keep older people in a box，especially when it comes to beauty and fashion.That she’s old doesn’t mean she can’t wear beautiful and stylish clothes.This is what Cima always tells people when they question her fashion statement. Cima’s journey to challenging aging began when she created her social media account at 72.She wanted to know what influencers were like and discovered there weren’t many of them in her age group.This inspired her to create her own fashion blog and upload fashion videos on social media platforms. Cima grew her social media presence through her ongoing documentation called “Life in My 70s”．Her videos became famous on the Internet and gained millions of views.One of her most popular videos had 7.5 million views while the other one had 5.6 million views. A lot of her viewers were amazed by her creativity in mixing and matching different fashion pieces.Others admired her for looking really good at her age and wearing whatever she wanted.One of the commenters wrote，“If I’m not like this when I am older，then I don’t ever want to be 75.” Apart from uploading fashion videos，Cima is also devoted to her fashion blog where she writes about fashion and aging.Her blog’s goal is to inspire women from all walks of life and to remind them that aging is a natural but beautiful process that no one should be scared of.She wants to inspire women to accept these changes and look at them positively. “The only way that view is going to change is that we as older women show them that aging is a gift，something to be accepted，valued and shared，” the fashion blogger wrote. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。一位七十多岁的时尚博主在社交媒体上展示了她不同的穿搭风格，这告诉我们年龄不是限制我们追求时尚和自我表达的障碍。 1．Which of the following reflects Cima’s opinion on aging? A．It keeps older people in a box. B．It does not affect the pursuit of beauty. C．It means no beautiful and stylish clothes. D．It limits the fashion choices of the elderly. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段前两句“For Candace Leslie Cima，aging is inescapable but it shouldn’t keep older people in a box，especially when it comes to beauty and fashion.That she’s old doesn’t mean she can’t wear beautiful and stylish clothes.”可知，Cima认为变老并不意味着不能穿漂亮、时尚的衣服，即年龄不会影响人们对美的追求。故选B。 2．Why did the author mention Cima’s videos? A．To show her popularity. B．To inspire others to follow her. C．To prove her viewpoints. D．To recommend them to readers. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据第四段最后两句“Her videos became famous on the Internet and gained millions of views.One of her most popular videos had 7.5 million views while the other one had 5.6 million views.”可知，作者提到Cima的两个视频是为了证明她很受欢迎。故选A。 3．What suggestions does Cima give to women? A．Accepting what you are like. B．Reviewing your way of life. C．Doing whatever you want. D．Being positive about getting old. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“She wants to inspire women to accept these changes and look at them positively.”可知，Cima鼓励女性积极看待变老这件事。故选D。 4．What can we learn from Cima’s story? A．Getting old doesn’t mean you have to accept it. B．No one can disappoint you except yourself. C．Every stage of life can be beautiful and brilliant. D．We must seek victory in defeat and hope in despair. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据首段“A fashion blogger in her late 70s proved that fashion is for all ages as she showcased different styles and outfits on social media.”可知，一位七十多岁的时尚博主Cima在社交媒体上展示了她不同的穿搭风格，这告诉我们年龄不是限制我们追求时尚和自我表达的障碍。因此，人生的每个阶段都可以美丽而灿烂。故选C。 B Thanks to social media，we are more active in our virtual world than we are in real life.Whether we are out with friends or sitting at home，we are glued to our mobile phones.We document almost everything we do，cook，and eat—but not without editing first and adding some filters(滤镜)．While you might be engaging in this behaviour for fun，researchers from Florida State University，revealed a direct link between posting edited photos on Instagram and risk factors for eating disorders. Specifically，digitally editing pictures to improve personal appearance before posting them on Instagram increased weight and shape concerns in college students.Posting photos contributed to greater anxiety and increased urges to restrict food intake and exercise compared with not posting photos. “As more people turn to social media to stay connected，it’s critically important to let others see you as you are.Compared with edited photos，we saw no decrease in the number of likes or comments for unedited photos on Instagram；knowing this could reduce harmful pressures to change how you look，” said co-author Pamela K Keel. Too much social media use has long been associated with promoting disordered eating behaviours as well as other mental health issues.So，using a two-stage design，the present study tried to figure out how posting edited photos relates to eating disorders，as well as anxiety and depressive symptoms(抑郁症状)，in college students. In stage one，the research team examined associations between posting edited photos and mental health measures in 2,485 undergraduates.While in stage two，they examined associations between posting edited photos and eating disorder risk factors in 80 undergraduates who supported posting edited photos in stage one and volunteered for the experimental portion of the study. The findings showed that those who supported posting edited photos reported greater disordered eating behaviours and anxiety than those who did not，but no differences were found for depressive symptoms. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了研究结果显示，那些在网上发布经过编辑的照片的人比那些发布没有编辑过的照片的人拥有更严重的饮食紊乱和焦虑问题。 5．Why does the author mention people’s obsession with phones in paragraph 1? A．To lead up to the research topic. B．To describe various leisure activities online. C．To introduce his attitude towards social media. D．To explain the way people document their lives. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。由文章第一段“Thanks to social media...revealed a direct link between posting edited photos on Instagram and risk factors for eating disorders.”以及下文可知，文章在首段提到人们沉迷于手机是为了引出本文话题，即发布编辑过的图片到网上和饮食失调有关系。故选A。 6．Which statement will Pamela probably agree with? A．Instagram users prefer edited photos. B．It is critically vital to be seen on social media. C．People’s connections on Instagram are stronger. D．Editing photos has no impact on popularity levels. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。由文章第三段中的“Compared with edited photos，we saw no decrease in the number of likes or comments for unedited photos on Instagram”可知，Pamela认为与编辑过的照片相比，未经编辑的照片的点赞或评论数量没有减少，所以换句话说，编辑照片对受欢迎程度没有影响。故选D。 7．What did the two-stage study show? A．College students exhibited plenty of eating disorders. B．A large portion of undergraduates supported posting edited photos. C．No depressive symptoms were found in undergraduates in stage two. D．Supporters of posting edited photos displayed higher levels of mental health problems. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。由文章最后一段“The findings showed that those who supported posting edited photos reported greater disordered eating behaviours and anxiety than those who did not，but no differences were found for depressive symptoms.”可知，发布经过编辑的照片的支持者显示出更高程度的心理健康问题。故选D。 8．Where can the text be found? A．In a book review. B．In a health magazine. C．In a company brochure. D．In a photography guide. 答案　B 解析　文章出处题。通读全文尤其根据文章最后一段可知，文章主要讲述了研究结果显示，那些发布经过编辑的照片的人比那些发布没有编辑过的照片的人拥有更严重的饮食紊乱和焦虑问题。所以这篇文章应出现在健康杂志上面。故选B。 Ⅱ.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) (2024·河北石家庄高二期中) Last summer，my family had a vacation that left a lasting impact on me.Our family is a tight-knit(关系紧密的) group，each member with their unique 1 .My mother stands out with her cheerful and humorous 2 .Her personality has a way of 3 any situation，making her the heart and soul of our adventures. During our journey，we 4 a situation that showed my mother’s kindness and humor.We had just arrived at a little town when we 5 a lost tourist looking bewildered(茫然的)．Most people would have walked by，but not my mom.She 6 the stranger with a warm smile and started a(n) 7 .Her sense of humor and friendliness 8 put the traveler at ease. As we listened to their conversation，I realized the importance of extending a helping hand to those in need，even to 9 .Finally with my mom’s help，the tourist reunited with her partners.It was a heartwarming moment that taught me the power of kindness，humor，and the beauty of human 10 . Throughout the trip，I 11 how my mother’s positive attitude and willingness to lend a hand made our journey smoother and more 12 .She taught me that life’s adventures are not just about the 13 but also discovering valuable life along the way. Looking back on，I 14 myself on having such a loving family.And the trip was such a 15 experience. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者对去年夏天家庭度假的回忆，特别强调了母亲在旅行中的积极态度和善良、幽默的个性对作者的影响。 1．A.heights B．characteristics C．plans D．wealth 答案　B 解析　height高度；characteristic特点；plan计划；wealth财富。根据下文“My mother stands out with her cheerful and humorous .”介绍母亲的性格特点可知，作者想要说的是每个家庭成员都有独特的性格特点。故选B。 2．A.nature B．blood C．duty D．interest 答案　A 解析　nature性格，本性；blood血统；duty职责；interest兴趣。根据句中“cheerful and humorous”可知，此处说的是性格。故选A。 3．A.setting aside B．appealing to C．brightening up D．taking up 答案　C 解析　set aside留出；appeal to呼吁；brighten up使明亮，使愉快；take up开始从事。根据上文“cheerful and humorous”可推知，开朗幽默的母亲能使任何情况变得愉快。故选C。 4．A.foresaw B．evaluated C．created D．encountered 答案　D 解析　foresee预见；evaluate评估；create创造；encounter遇到。下文讲述了作者一家遇到一位迷路的游客，开朗幽默的母亲主动提供帮助的事情，所以他们“遇到”一个情况。故选D。 5．A.spotted B．accepted C．questioned D．dropped 答案　A 解析　spot看见；accept接受；question质疑；drop丢弃。根据上文“arrived at a little town”和“a lost tourist looking bewildered”可知，他们一到达小镇就看见一个迷路的游客。故选A。 6．A.prevented B．approached C．recognized D．impressed 答案　B 解析　prevent阻止；approach接近；recognize识别；impress使印象深刻。根据句中“Most people would have walked by，but not my mom.”可知，母亲没有像其他人一样走开，而是走近这个陌生人。故选B。 7．A.trouble B．silence C．conversation D．experiment 答案　C 解析　trouble麻烦；silence沉默；conversation交谈；experiment实验。根据下文“As we listened to their conversation”可知，母亲和陌生人开始交谈。故选C。 8．A.slightly B．hardly C．instantly D．truly 答案　C 解析　slightly稍微地；hardly几乎不；instantly立即地；truly真实地。结合常识和句中“Her sense of humor and friendliness”可推知，母亲的幽默和友善会让那位陌生人立刻放松下来。故选C。 9．A.neighbors B．co-workers C．producers D．strangers 答案　D 解析　neighbor邻居；co-worker同事；producer生产者；stranger陌生人。根据上文作者的母亲热情帮助迷路的陌生人可推知，此处指即使对陌生人，也要伸出援手。故选D。 10．A.qualification B．connection C．agreement D．responsibility 答案　D 解析　qualification资格；connection联系；agreement协定；responsibility责任。根据上文“I realized the importance of extending a helping hand to those in need”可推知，母亲让作者懂得了帮助需要帮助的人的重要性，这也可以理解为一种责任，所以作者明白了人类责任带来的美好。故选D。 11．A.expected B．explained C．regretted D．observed 答案　D 解析　expect预料；explain解释；regret后悔；observe注意到。根据句中“how my mother’s positive attitude and willingness to lend a hand made our journey smoother”可知，这是作者在整个旅途中看到的事情。故选D。 12．A.changeable B．normal C．enjoyable D．difficult 答案　C 解析　changeable易变的；normal正常的；enjoyable愉快的；difficult困难的。与形容词“smoother”是并列关系，说明母亲的“积极的态度和愿意伸出援手的意愿”带来的美好结果：“愉快的”旅程。故选C。 13．A.destinations B．devotion C．resistance D．predictions 答案　A 解析　destination目的地；devotion奉献；resistance抵抗；prediction预测。此处表示人生的旅途不只是关于目的地，还有对沿途宝贵经历的发现。along the way“沿途”与destination“目的地”是同范畴词。故选A。 14．A.press B．pride C．charge D．challenge 答案　B 解析　press压；pride以……为豪；charge收费；challenge挑战。根据上文作者对母亲的描述和句中“having such a loving family”可推知，作者为有这样的家庭感到自豪。故选B。 15．A.distant B．risky C．demanding D．memorable 答案　D 解析　distant遥远的；risky危险的；demanding要求高的；memorable难忘的。根据第一段中“Last summer，my family had a vacation that left a lasting impact on me.”可知，这次旅行是一次难忘的经历。故选D。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $