现在完成时专练2025-2026学年外研版（2024）八年级英语上册

八年级英语

现在完成时专题

知识点精讲

一、have been to, have gone to, have been in

have been to基本用法：

表示某人曾经去过某地，强调过去的经历，现在人已经回来了，不在所去过的那个地方了。常和表示次数的词（如once，twice，many times等）或者具体的过去时间搭配使用。

I have been to Beijing twice.（我去过北京两次。）

have gone to基本用法：

用来表明某人已经去了某个地方，意味着人已经出发前往该地了，现在还没有回来，说话时人就在去往那个地方的途中或者已经到达那个地方了。

They have gone to the cinema.（他们去电影院了。）

have/has been in基本用法：

主要表示某人在某个地方待了一段时间，侧重体现停留、处于某地的时长，常和表示一段时间的状语（如for two years，since last year等）连用。

My parents have been in this city for ten years.（我的父母在这座城市待了十年了。）

总结来说，“have been to”侧重于过去的经历，“have gone to”侧重于当下人已前往某地未回，“have been in”侧重于在某地停留的时长情况.

 

二、现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的、持续到现在的动作或状态，常与for, since引导的时间状语连用。

1 .for+时间段。表示“有（多长）一段时间了”。如：

I have studied English for five years. 我学英语已有五年了。

2 since+时间点。表示“自从……以来”。

(1) since+过去一个时间点。如：

I have lived here since 2003. 我自从2003年以来就一直住这儿。

(2) since+时间段+ago。如：

She has stayed in Guangzhou since three months ago. 她自三个月前就一直待在广州。

(3) since+从句（一般过去时）。如：

Mr Wang has worked in the factory since he came to the city.

自从到这个城市以来，王先生一直在这家工厂工作。

(4) It is+时间段+since+从句（一般过去时）。如：

It is 13 years since I began to live here. 我住这儿已有13年了。

 

三、延续性动词和短暂性动词的用法

1. 英语中的动词，根据所表示的动作是否能够延续，分为延续性动词和短暂性动词。

        表示一个动作可以持续一段时间或更长时间。常见的延续性动词有: work, live, wait, study, learn, do, write, read, drive, sleep, sit, stand, fly, walk, keep, lie, talk 等。

        非延续性动词也被称作结束性动词、短暂性动词或瞬间动词，表示一个动作发生在一瞬间，非常短暂。常见的非延续性动词有: start, begin, finish, end, come,go, leave, find, hear, reach, arrive, enter, stop, open, close, join, become, buy, borrow, lend, happen, lose, die等。

2. 短暂性动词构成的现在完成时，只表示动作发生的因果关系，不能表示动作的延续，所以不可以由表示一段时间的状语（如：since和for引导的短语）来修饰。

第一句中的leave(has left)是短暂性动词，它所表示的动作短促，不可能延续两天；第二句中的be(has been)是延续性动词，所以可以和two days连用。

He has left Beijing for a week. (×)

He has been away from Beijing for a week. (√)

3.终止性动词与一段时间状语连用时可将终止性动词转化为延续性动词：

Verb（短暂性动词）	Used for a continuous state（延续性状态）
begin/start	have/has been on
finish/stop	have/has been over
come/go/arrive	have/has been in/at
leave	have/has been away
borrow	have/has kept
join	have/has been in; have/has been a member of
marry	have/has been married
die	have/has been dead

 

巩固训练

一、写出下列动词的过去分词形式

1.  become  _____________________   feel  _____________________

2.  eat    _____________________   cut  _____________________

3.  has  _____________________   keep _____________________

4.  do  _____________________   feed  _____________________

5.  make _____________________    go  _____________________

6.  read  _____________________   be  _____________________

7.  teach _____________________    win  _____________________

8.  see _____________________    begin _____________________

9.  finish _____________________   stop  _____________________

10.  study _____________________   play  _____________________

二、用since或for填空

1._______ two years             2._______ two years ago   

3.______ last month              4. _______2024      

5._______ a few minutes          6. ______we were children

7._______she left here            8._______ 4 hours   

9. He has lived in Nanjing              the year before last.

10. Our teacher has studied Japanese              last week.

11. We haven’t seen each other              a long time.

12. His father has been in the Party              10 years ago.

13. The film has been on             20 minutes.

14. Mr Green has worked here              he came to China.

15. His grandparents have been dead              three years.

1-5  for, since, since, since, for

6-10  since, since, for, since, since

11-15 for, since, for, since, for

三、用 already或 yet填空

1. --- Have they taken down the old pictures             ?   --- No, not ___________.

2. Most of us have finished our compositions             .

3. He said he hadn’t visited the exhibition             .

yet, yet, already, yet

四、用 have/has been to 和 have/has gone to 完成句子或对话。

1. — Where is Mr Green now? I haven’t seen him for a few days.

— He                     Hong Kong.

2. My brothers                     Beijing twice.

3. My father                     Nanjing. He left this morning.

4. —             you ever                 America?

—Yes, I                 there many times.

5. The students of Class Three                   the park. They will be back in the afternoon.

Has gone to, have been to, has gone to, Have, been to, have been, have gone to

五、单项选择

1．—Where is Tom? Why isn’t he at work today?

—He ________ Beijing on business.

A．has been to   B．has been in   C．has gone to                D．was going to

2．My parents ________ for over 50 years and they love each other very much.

A．have married   B．married    C．will marry   D．have been married

3．—Mom, I want to watch Tom and Jerry tonight.

—Oh, dear, it ________ for a few minutes. Come on!

A．began    B．will begin   C．has been on                D．has begun

4．— Helen has ________ to Nanjing for her holiday. She’ll be back in a week.

— Nanjing is a great place to visit. I have ________ there twice.

A．gone; been   B．gone; gone   C．been; been   D．been; gone

5．—Why don’t you visit the Confucius Temple with us?

—Because I ________ there many times.