Unit 4 Section Ⅵ Developing ideas（Word教参）-【步步高】2024-2025学年高二英语选择性必修第一册学习笔记（外研版）

本讲义围绕“技术与艺术的关系”核心主题，构建“速读整体理解-细读深度分析-读后语言运用”的学习支架，涵盖主旨归纳、篇章结构、细节获取、语法填空、句式分析及词块积累等分层任务，形成从输入到输出的完整知识脉络。 资料以分层阅读策略和真实语境任务为特色，通过速读主旨题、细读作者态度分析提升语言能力，结合AI艺术争议等语篇培养思维品质，配套应用文写作、完形填空等训练强化学习能力。课中助力教师实施分层教学，课后学生可通过词块默写、语法练习查漏补缺，实现语言技能综合提升。

Section Ⅵ　Developing ideas 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Step 1　速读——整体理解文意 Ⅰ.明文章大意 What is the main idea of the passage? A．The history of technology and art. B．The relation of technology and art. C．The future of technology and art. D．The examples of technology and art. 答案　B Ⅱ.悉篇章结构 Step 2　细读——深度获取细节 1．What’s the function of paragraph 1? A．To explain the art. B．To introduce the topic. C．To give the background. D．To give a definition. 答案　B 2．Why is “Michelangelo” referred to in the third paragraph? A．He was a famous artist. B．He was an artist rather than a technician. C．Art is different from technology. D．People express their thoughts through art and technology. 答案　C 3．What does the appearance of new technology tools lead to? A．Exciting new art forms. B．Quick development of economy. C．High quality of artworks. D．The appearance of real art. 答案　A 4．What can we learn from the last two paragraphs? A．We are sure where technology will take art next. B．A lot of artists have stopped exploring new possibilities. C．Something unexpected is likely to come up in the future. D．A person familiar with traditional artists’ tools must be an artist. 答案　C 5．What’s the author’s attitude towards art combined with technology? A．Indifferent. B．Optimistic. C．Pessimistic. D．Neutral. 答案　B Step 3　读后——课文语法填空 People have been expressing their thoughts and ideas through art for thousands of years.1.To do(do) this，they have used 2.a variety of tools and technologies.Art and technology have always been seen as two separate things.However，technological advances have led to a 3.combination(combine) of art and technology.Art is more 4.accessible(access) to us than ever before.Thanks 5.to technology，millions more people have been able to experience a digital version of Along the River During the Qingming Festival. The art-tech combination allows us not only to interact with art，but also take part in its creation.However，the increase in the amount and variety of art 6.produced(produce) has also raised questions over its overall quality.7.Similarly(similar)，such developments are making the line between art and technology less distinct.The advances of technology are perhaps bringing us closer to a time 8.when computers rather than humans create art. Where technology will take art next 9.is(be) anyone’s guess.But one thing is for sure—with so many artists 10.exploring(explore) new possibilities，we can definitely expect the unexpected. Ⅰ.补句子　析结构 1．The artworks by American artist Janet Echelman look like colourful(colour) floating clouds when they are lit up at night.(P58 Para.2) 结构分析：此句为主从复合句，when引导时间状语从句；floating clouds意为“漂浮的云彩”；light up意为“点燃，照亮”。 汉语翻译：美国艺术家珍妮特•艾克曼创作了一系列艺术品，晚上将其点亮时，它们就像七彩浮云。 2．This means(mean) that art and technology have always been seen as two very separate things.(P58 Para.3) 结构分析：此句为主从复合句，that引导宾语从句，be seen as意为“被看作”。 汉语翻译：这就意味着艺术和科技一直被看作两个截然不同的领域。 3．As this artwork is rarely(rare) on display，people have sometimes queued up to six hours for a chance to see(see) it.(P59 Para.4) 结构分析：此句为主从复合句，As引导原因状语从句；on display意为“展览，展出”。 汉语翻译：因其极少被展出，人们有时要排队等上六个小时才有机会一睹其容。 4．Once in front of the painting，they only have limited(limit) time to spend taking(take) in its five metres of scenes along the Bian River in Bianjing.(P59 Para.4) 结构分析：Once in front of the painting是状语从句的省略，省略了they are；在时间、条件或让步状语从句中，如果主句的主语与从句的主语一致且从句中含有be动词时，从句的主语和be动词一般可以省略。 汉语翻译：即使面对画卷，由于这幅画卷长达五米，人们也只有有限的时间来欣赏画面上汴京汴河沿岸的景色。 5．They can also watch as the different scenes change from daylight into nighttime.(P59 Para.4) 结构分析：此句为主从复合句；as引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”。 汉语翻译：他们也还可以看到从白天到夜晚画中不同场景的变化。 6．With new technological tools at our fingertips，more and more people are exploring their creative(create) sides.(P60 Para.5) 结构分析：此句为简单句，With new technological tools at our fingertips是with复合结构；其构成是with＋宾语＋宾补；at one’s fingertips意为“触手可及；随时可用”。 汉语翻译：通过触手可及的新兴科技工具，越来越多的人开始发掘自己创新的一面。 7．Can a video of someone slicing a tomato played in slow motion really be called(call) “art”？(P60 Para.6) 结构分析：此句为简单句；someone slicing a tomato是动名词的复合结构作of的宾语；played in slow motion是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰a video。 汉语翻译：将一个人切西红柿的视频慢动作播放，真的可以被称作“艺术”吗？ 8．These advances are perhaps bringing us closer(close) to a time when computers rather than humans create art.(P60 Para.7) 结构分析：此句为主从复合句，when引导定语从句，修饰先行词time；rather than意为“而不是”。 汉语翻译：也许，这些先进的技术正带领我们走进一个由电脑而非人类创造艺术的时代。 9．Where technology will take art next is(be) anyone’s guess.(P60 Para.8) 结构分析：此句为主从复合句，Where technology will take art next是主语从句。 汉语翻译：科技将会推动艺术发展至何种地步，我们不得而知。 Ⅱ.研典句　学用法 whatever引导让步状语从句 Whatever your opinion，people have been expressing their thoughts and ideas through art for thousands of years.(P58 Para.3) 无论你的看法如何，人们数千年来一直在用艺术表达自己的思想和理念。 结构分析：此句为主从复合句，Whatever引导让步状语从句，相当于No matter what。 wh-ever引导让步状语从句，可转换为“no matter＋特殊疑问词(who/which/what/where/when等)”引导的让步状语从句。但是“no matter＋特殊疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句，而wh-ever不仅可以引导让步状语从句，还可以引导名词性从句(wherever，whenever除外)。 (1)However hard I have tried，I can not solve the difficult math problem. →No matter how hard I have tried，I can not solve the difficult math problem. (2)无论谁先到，都将获得一份大奖。 Whoever comes first will be awarded a big prize. (3)无论遇到什么困难，我们都会竭尽所能去克服它们。 Whatever/No matter what difficulties we come across，we will do whatever we can to overcome them. not only位于句首的倒装句 Not only can we interact with art，but also take part in its creation.(P60 Para.5) 我们不仅可以与艺术作品互动，还可以参与艺术作品的创作。 结构分析：本句是not only置于句首的倒装句。 •句中的not only...but also...意为“不仅……而且……”；not only...but also...连接两个并列分句，且not only位于句首时，其所在的分句通常使用部分倒装结构。 •not only...but (also)...连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的数遵循“就近原则”。 ————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————(1)Not only her classmates but also she is(be) determined to work harder after attending the course. (2)We not only forgot to turn off the lights，but we (also) failed to lock the door. →Not only did we forget to turn off the lights，but we (also) failed to lock the door. (3)我不仅可以向他们介绍中国，还可以让他们了解更多的中国民间故事。(部分倒装) Not only can I introduce China to them，but also I can get them to know more about Chinese folk tales. (4)我们不仅参加了户外活动，还表演了许多有趣的节目。 Not only did we attend the outdoor activities，but also we performed many interesting programs. 课文重点词块默写 1．突然出现在脑海里，立即被想到 come to one’s mind 2．点亮；露出喜色 light up 3．与……互动 interact with 4．表达某人的思想 express one’s thought 5．各种各样的…… a variety of 6．把……称为…… label...as... 7．而不是 rather than 8．技术进步 technological advance 9．导致；促使 lead to 10．可访问；为……接触或了解 be accessible to 11．以……为例 take for example 12．由于，多亏 thanks to 13．数字化版本 digital version 14．触手可及；随时可用 at one’s fingertips 15．引起质疑 raise questions 16．与……截然不同 be distinct from 17．谁也不知道 anyone’s guess 18．确定地，无疑地 for sure 训练7　Developing ideas(A) 分值：40分 Ⅰ.单句写作(应用文写作之广告宣传)(共15分) 1．随着国际电影节的临近，许多令人惊叹的电影正在上映。(with复合结构) With the international film festival approaching，many amazing films are on show. 2．无论你喜欢什么风格，你都会找到一部能吸引你的。(whatever引导让步状语从句) Whatever styles you like，you will find one that attracts you. 3．说到电影，它们不仅能让你开心，而且有很大的教育意义。(not only置于句首的倒装句) When it comes to films，not only do they amuse you，but they are also of great educational meaning. 4．在享受它们的同时，你也会受到教育，并与其中的角色一起享受不同的生活角色。(状语从句的省略) While enjoying them，you will also get educated and enjoy different life roles with the characters in them. 5．那么，为什么不加入我们的行列，来看看我们电影院里展示的令人惊叹的作品呢？(过去分词短语作后置定语) So why not join us and come to see the amazing works displayed in our cinema? 组句成篇　以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。 With the international film festival approaching，many amazing films are on show in our cinema. There are so many kinds of films on display that whatever styles you like，you will find one that attracts you.When it comes to films，not only do they amuse you，but they are also of great educational meaning.While enjoying them，you will also get educated and enjoy different life roles with the characters in them.So why not join us and come to see the amazing works displayed in our cinema? Ⅱ.阅读理解(共4题；每小题2.5分，共10分) A new study suggests classic paintings by well-known Impressionists Joseph Turner and Claude Monet may have been influenced by air pollution during the Industrial Revolution. The study，published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences by authors from Harvard and Sorbonne universities，analyzed 60 oil paintings by Turner from 1796 to 1850 and 38 paintings by Monet from 1864 to 1901. Scientists don’t know exactly how polluted the cities were during that time for lack of data.However，researchers say examining the works of Turner and Monet can give a picture of long-term environmental change with the air pollution. In particular，researchers said changes in local sulfur dioxide emissions from burning coal may explain changes in the colour contrast and intensity(强度) of Turner，Monet，and others’ works，even after taking into account the artistic trends and subject matter of the time. Scientists successfully measured painters’ representation of nature，focusing on differences in local weather patterns which influenced colour in works painted in different parts of Europe.Paintings done in Britain generally feature a paler blue sky than other works in other parts of the continent.Generally，artists can historically accurately represent their environment，so Turner and Monet were chosen because they are famous for their landscape and cityscape paintings and also because they were active during the Industrial Revolution，when air pollution grew at a rate never seen before. Additionally，researchers say that as the air in London and Paris became more polluted，the cities would appear hazier (模糊) to the eyes as well as in photographs.By comparing the paintings of Turner and Monet to pictures from the era，they were able to determine the artists were at least partly influenced by the change in emissions. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。一项新的研究表明，著名印象派画家约瑟夫·特纳和克劳德·莫奈的经典画作可能受到了工业革命期间空气污染的影响。 1．What did the researchers find in the works of Turner and Monet? A．Air pollution at that time. B．Change in subject matter. C．Social trends of the period. D．Development of photography. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段“A new study suggests classic paintings...may have been influenced by air pollution during the Industrial Revolution.”可知，研究人员在特纳和莫奈的画作里发现了当时的空气污染问题。故选A。 2．What can we learn from paragraph 5? A．European artists preferred landscape paintings. B．Scientists focused on studying weather patterns. C．Turner and Monet intended to present pollution. D．Britain suffered from air pollution most in Europe. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。第四段提到画作中色彩对比和强度的变化可能与当地二氧化硫的排放有关，结合第五段中“Paintings done in Britain generally feature a paler blue sky than other works in other parts of the continent.”可推知，英国是欧洲空气污染最严重的地区。故选D。 3．How did the researchers conduct the study? A．By referring to relevant historical records. B．By comparing the paintings of Turner and Monet. C．By relating the paintings to the air conditions then. D．By analyzing the data during the Industrial Revolution. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段第二句、第四段以及第五段可推知，研究人员通过将画作与当时的空气状况联系起来进行这项研究。故选C。 4．What is the purpose of the text? A．To inform people of a new discovery. B．To instruct people to appreciate paintings. C．To introduce the Industrial Revolution. D．To call on people to protect the environment. 答案　A 解析　写作意图题。通读全文尤其是第一段内容可知，文章主要介绍了一项新的研究结果以及该研究开展的过程。故这篇文章的目的是告知人们一项新发现。故选A。 Ⅲ.完形填空(共15题；每小题1分，共15分) I was fortunate to observe John when our staff toured middle schools to meet outstanding teachers.John is one of those teachers who change 1 and happen to teach art，but he would have been just as 2 if he were a basketball coach or a physical instructor.He is that good. 3 happens to be his field of expertise(专长)， 4 the truth is that John is one of those master teachers who 5 us of what a beautiful thing teaching can be.His students created 6 works of art throughout the year，and John decided to have an art show as a sort of culmination(结业) to 7 the students’ creations and thank their parents for all their 8 .He took his students to art museums throughout the year，and he had 9 a gallery to allow his class to use a couple of rooms for their show.It was going to be a(n) 10 evening. It 11 even better than John could have imagined.People in the 12 had heard about the show and came.The works were so beautiful that many people 13 to buy the paintings and sculptures.The money could be used for John’s school to buy art 14 for next year’s class.Like many teachers，John had constantly reached into his own 15 to make things happen.By the end of the second evening of the two-day show，John’s students had raised several thousand dollars.Everyone felt great. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位改变学生生活的优秀教师约翰通过举办艺术展览来展示学生的作品，并感谢家长的支持。展览非常成功，学生们筹集了数千美元用于购买明年的美术用品。 1．A.schools B．courses C．minds D．lives 答案　D 解析　根据全文可知，约翰培养学生的艺术能力，肯定和宣传学生的创造力，是改变学生人生的老师。故选D。 2．A.kind B．practical C．effective D．critical 答案　C 解析　根据“He is that good.”可知，约翰是一位很优秀的教师，此处表示他如果是篮球教练或体育老师，他也会同样令人印象深刻的。故选C。 3．A.Art B．Basketball C．Physics D．Writing 答案　A 解析　根据“John is one of those teachers who change and happen to teach art”及下文可知，约翰擅长的领域是艺术。故选A。 4．A.but B．and C．or D．though 答案　A 解析　根据“the truth is that John is one of those master teachers who us of what a beautiful thing teaching can be”可知，“他碰巧擅长艺术”与“事实上约翰是优秀的教师，展现了教育的魅力”是转折关系。故选A。 5．A.accuse B．warn C．remind D．cure 答案　C 解析　remind sb of sth使某人想起某事。根据“us of what a beautiful thing teaching can be”可知，此处表示约翰让我们想起了教学是一件多么美好的事情。故选C。 6．A.amateur B．amazing C．contemporary D．conventional 答案　B 解析　根据下一段中“The works were so beautiful that many people to buy the paintings and sculptures.”可知，学生们创作了令人惊叹的艺术作品。故选B。 7．A.celebrate B．donate C．sponsor D．house 答案　A 解析　根据“and John decided to have an art show as a sort of culmination(结业)”可知，举办艺术展览是为了庆祝学生们的创作。故选A。 8．A.emotion B．association C．expectation D．support 答案　D 解析　根据“and thank their parents”可知，此处表示举办艺术展览也是感谢家长们的支持。故选D。 9．A.required B．persuaded C．invited D．motivated 答案　B 解析　根据“a gallery to allow his class to use a couple of rooms for their show”可知，约翰老师说服了一家画廊允许他的班级使用房间办展。故选B。 10．A.social B．impressive C．tiring D．desperate 答案　B 解析　根据“People in the had heard about the show and came.The works were so beautiful that many people to buy the paintings and sculptures.”可知，观看展览的人蜂拥而至，所以是一个令人印象深刻的夜晚。故选B。 11．A.turned out B．figured out C．brought out D．broke out 答案　A 解析　根据“People in the had heard about the show and came.The works were so beautiful that many people to buy the paintings and sculptures.”可知，实际上结果比约翰想象的要好。故选A。 12．A.school B．field C．league D．community 答案　D 解析　根据“had heard about the show and came”可知，整个社区的人都听说了这场展览。故选D。 13．A.intended B．learned C．offered D．promised 答案　C 解析　根据“The money could be used for John’s school to buy art for next year’s class.”可知，此处表示许多人主动提出购买这些画和雕塑。故选C。 14．A.treasures B．galleries C．supplies D．works 答案　C 解析　根据“for next year’s class”可知，此处表示用这些钱来购买明年的美术用品。故选C。 15．A.bag B．jacket C．box D．pocket 答案　D 解析　根据“to make things happen”可知，此处表示约翰不断地从自己的口袋里掏钱来为学生购买美术用品。故选D。 训练8　Developing ideas(B) 分值：32.5分 Ⅰ.阅读理解(共8题；每小题2.5分，共20分) A Robots in the art world are nothing new.In fact，for centuries，people have built robots as art objects.However，what’s different now is that artists and engineers are building robots that actually create art. In 1973，British-born painter Harold Cohen wrote a computer program and called it AARON.At first，AARON only made simple outlines whose color and details Cohen would later add.Fifty years later，AARON is able to paint anything a human could paint.So can AARON be called an artist or creative? In 2010，Cohen explained，“Although I wrote the initial computer code that AARON follows，AARON can generate unlimited numbers of images.” So according to Cohen，the simple answer is yes—AARON is creative. It’s not just paintings that robots are creating，though.Last year，a robot called Shimon released its first album(唱片) on Spotify.Shimon began life as a simple robot marimba(木琴) player.Over the years，however，it’s learned how to perform with other musicians，write original songs.Shimon does this by analyzing huge amounts of music—roughly 50,000 rock，jazz and hip-hop songs—to identify patterns and then uses that information to create original works. It may be cool to hear a song created by a robot，but is there any other reason to build robots that can play music? According to Gil Weinberg，one of Shimon’s creators，because the robot is capable of doing things that a real musician might not think of，he and his team “hope and believe that these new abilities would lead to new directions that could not be achieved in human-to-human cooperation”． While questions about robots creating art are fun to think about，there are many other ways that robots can help artists in the way they create their works.For example，advancements in 3D-printing technology will allow artists to build more complex pieces for their sculptures.Therefore，robots in the art world are here to stay. 1．What was AARON able to do at first? A．Paint people and landscapes. B．Prepare basic outlines for Cohen. C．Draw pictures of itself and Cohen. D．Color paintings under Cohen’s instructions. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中“At first，AARON only made simple outlines whose color and details Cohen would later add.”可知，AARON一开始只能为Cohen画出草图。故选B。 2．What does the article tell us about Shimon? A．It is both a marimba and guitar player. B．It has created about 50,000 original songs. C．It is expected to push humans to achieve more. D．Its creators hope that it can outperform humans. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。 根据倒数第二段中“According to Gil Weinberg...he and his team ‘hope and believe...that could not be achieved in human-to-human cooperation’．”可知，Shimon被期待推动人类取得更多成就。故选C。 3．What is the author’s attitude toward robots that create art? A．Positive. B．Worried. C．Neutral. D．Doubtful. 答案　A 解析　观点态度题。 根据最后一段中“While questions about robots creating art are fun to think about，there are many other ways that robots can help artists in the way they create their works.”和“Therefore，robots in the art world are here to stay.”可推知，作者对创造艺术的机器人持积极的态度，肯定了其价值。故选A。 4．Which can be a suitable title for the text? A．AARON and Shimon B．Robots in the Real World C．Programmed Creativity D．Advancements in Technology 答案　C 解析　标题归纳题。 通读全文，尤其是第二段中“So according to Cohen，the simple answer is yes—AARON is creative.”可知，本文主要介绍了机器人在艺术界的应用，因此C选项“被编程的创造力”体现本文主旨，适合作为标题。故选C。 B Jason M．Allen was almost too nervous to enter his first art competition.Now，his award-winning image is stirring debates about whether art can be generated by a computer，and what，exactly，it means to be an artist. In August 2022，Allen，a 39-year-old game designer who lives in Pueblo West，Colorado，won first place in the “digital arts/digitally-operated photography” category at the Colorado State Fair Fine Arts Competition.His winning image，titled Théatre D’opéra Spatial，was made with Midjourney—an artificial intelligence system that can produce detailed images when fed written prompts(提示)． Allen’s winning image looks like a bright cross between a classic and modern painting.It’s one of three such images he entered in the competition.Allen posted excitedly about his win on Midjourney’s Discord server on August 25，along with pictures of his three entries; it spread quickly on Twitter days later，with many artists feeling angry about Allen’s win because of his use of AI to create the image.“He just ‘pressed a few buttons to make a digital art piece’，” one Twitter user wrote.“We’re watching the death of art unfold before our eyes.” However，to get the final three images he entered in the competition，Allen said，he took over 80 hours.First，he played around with phrasing that led Midjourney to generate images of women in nice dresses and space helmets.Over time，with slight adjustments to his written prompts，he created 900 repeating processes of what led to his final three images.He gave the final touch to those three images in Photoshop.Then he ran the images through another software program called Gigapixel AI that can improve resolution(分辨率) and had the images printed at a local print shop. Allen is glad that the debate over whether AI can be used to make art is getting so much attention.“Rather than hating the technology or the people behind it，we need to recognize it’s a powerful tool and use it for good so we can all move forward，” Allen said. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在美国科罗拉多州博览会艺术比赛中，一幅AI画作获得一等奖惹怒人类艺术家，并引发热议。 5．What do we know about Théatre D’opéra Spatial? A．Its beauty is widely accepted. B．Its creation is an easy process. C．It shows the death of traditional art. D．It has caused a lot of arguments. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段第二句以及第三段最后三句可知，《太空歌剧院》这部AI作品令许多艺术家愤怒，引起了许多争论。故选D。 6．What did Allen do to create his entries? A．He searched for smart written prompts. B．He edited his final images in Photoshop. C．He fed Midjourney with famous paintings. D．He developed the software named Gigapixel. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段倒数第二句可知，艾伦创作他的参赛作品时，用图像处理软件编辑了他的最终图像。故选B。 7．What is Allen’s attitude to the debate over AI-created art? A．Worried. B．Uncaring. C．Positive. D．Annoyed. 答案　C 解析　观点态度题。根据最后一段可知，艾伦很高兴关于人工智能能否用于艺术创作的争论得到了如此多的关注。他认为，我们需要认识到它是一个强大的工具，并将其好好运用，这样我们就可以向前迈进。由此可推断，艾伦对关于人工智能创作的艺术的争论持积极的态度。故选C。 8．What might be the best title for the text? A．AI Beats out Human Artists in the Art Field B．AI Won an Art Contest and Artists Are Angry C．An Artist Won State Fair Art Contest and Laughed D．The Artist from Pueblo West Is Defending His Work 答案　B 解析　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了在美国科罗拉多州博览会艺术比赛中，AI画作获得一等奖惹怒人类艺术家，并引发热议。所以“AI赢得了艺术比赛，惹怒人类艺术家”作为文章标题最合适。故选B。 Ⅱ.七选五(共5题；每小题2.5分，共12.5分) Household chores like cooking，cleaning，washing the dishes，and making the bed are never done; they just get repeated like a broken record.Boring! 1 But there are science-based reasons for changing your attitude towards chores.It turns out that doing chores is great for your health. 2 As researchers state in a report，doing undemanding tasks allows the mind to wander.Your mind gets a break，which allows you to consider old problems with new eyes.In fact，undemanding tasks stimulate(激发) more creative ideas than demanding tasks or just resting. Chores are linked to a lower dementia(痴呆) risk.To discover what activities might be linked to a lower rate of dementia，researchers analyzed massive amounts of healthcare data from the UK Biobank.They found that those most engaged in household chores had a 21 percent lower risk of dementia compared to those least engaged in chores. 3 Finishing your chores can increase motivation.BJ Fogg，author of Tiny Habits: The Small Changes That Change Everything，states that the most important skill is recognizing and celebrating successes.Completing even a small task，like making your bed，can give you a sense of satisfaction. 4 Similarly，author Admiral William H．McRaven argues that if you want to change the world，start off by making your bed. Chores are good for children’s mental health.Children develop a sense of ownership when they have jobs to do around the house and it makes them feel like they are an important member of the household. 5 In my own case，I bond with my daughter by gossiping(闲聊) and singing while we do chores together. A．Chores are an opportunity for “me time”． B．Chores can lead to creative problem-solving. C．Thus，you feel motivated to deal with tasks one after another. D．In this way，they can be taught to be independent and confident. E．Like many people，you may regard chores as something annoying. F．Doing chores with children also improves the parent-child relationship. G．This result indicated simple changes could make a difference to health. 1．答案　E 解析　根据空前内容可知，人们认为做家务是很无聊的事情，根据空后的“But there are ...chores.”可知，改变对待做家务的态度是有科学依据的，由But可以推断，空处与上文一致，E项“和许多人一样，你可能认为家务是件烦人的事”与空后内容为转折关系，符合逻辑。故选E。 2．答案　B 解析　空处为段落主题句，根据空后内容可知，做一些要求不是很高的任务会让大脑得到休息，这样可以用新的思维考虑一些旧的问题。由此可知，该段讲述的是做家务之类的工作有助于解决问题，B选项“家务琐事可以带来创造性的问题解决方法”吻合，概括了本段的主题。故选B。 3．答案　G 解析　空处应是对上文内容的概括总结，根据空前内容可知，研究发现，做家务较多的人比较少做家务的人患上痴呆的概率要低21%，G选项“这一结果表明，简单的改变就能对健康产生影响”中的This result指代的为空前的研究发现。故选G。 4．答案　C 解析　根据本段主题句可知，本段讲述做琐碎的事情能增加你的动力，结合空前“即使是完成一件小事，比如整理床铺，也能给你带来满足感”可知，C选项“因此，你会感到有动力去处理一个接一个的任务”符合逻辑，其中的Thus表明因果关系。故选C。 5．答案　F 解析　根据本段的主题句可知，本段讲述的是做家务对孩子的身心健康有好处，F选项“和孩子一起做家务也能改善亲子关系”与本段的主题一致，且与空后内容一致。故选F。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $