Unit 5 Section Ⅵ Developing ideas（Word教参）-【步步高】2024-2025学年高二英语选择性必修第一册学习笔记（外研版）

Section Ⅵ　Developing ideas 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Step 1　速读——整体理解文意 Ⅰ.明文章大意 What is the main idea of the passage? A．Whether plants can talk with each other. B．The secret between plants and humans. C．How people can communicate with plants. D．The ways that plants communicate with each other. 答案　D Ⅱ.悉篇章结构 Read the passage quickly and then fill in the blanks. Step 2　细读——深度获取细节 1．What is the main idea of the first two paragraphs? A．Marco Polo spent most of his time studying plants. B．There are some legends about talking trees. C．In the movie Avatar，trees can save people. D．New research has revealed that plants appear to be able to communicate. 答案　D 2．Which may NOT be the reason why plants release chemicals? A．Warning or calling for help. B．Driving insects away. C．Poisoning insects. D．Attracting certain insects. 答案　C 3．What can we infer from paragraph 4? A．All the plants can make noises with their roots. B．Only chilli plants can tell if a neighbouring plant is helpful or unfriendly. C．When some plants make clicking noises，perhaps they suggest drought is coming. D．People can’t hear the noise created by plants because they can’t use sound to communicate with them. 答案　C 4．Where might the text come from? A．A guidebook. B．A history textbook. C．A science magazine. D．A newspaper advertisement. 答案　C Step 3　读后——课文语法填空 Modern research is showing that plants can communicate with each other.It has been known for some time that plants use chemicals to communicate with each other.The plant releases chemicals from the leaves that 1.are being eaten(eat)，2.which is like a warning，or a call for help.When another plant detects the chemicals，it starts 3.to release(release) its own different chemicals and some of these chemicals drive insects away. More 4.surprisingly(surprise)，plants also use sound to communicate.Some plants make noises with their roots.A chilli plant can tell 5.if/whether a neighbouring plant is helpful，or unfriendly.Some trees make clicking noises when there is not enough water,6.indicating(indicate) drought is arriving. What’s the most surprising is that plants have an amazing system of 7.communication(communicate) that can link nearly every plant in a forest.Scientists call this system the “wood wide web”．This fungal network 8.links(link) the roots of different plants to each other.Using the wood wide web，plants can share information and even food with each other.Just like our Internet “cybercrime”，plants can also steal food 9.from each other，or spread poisons to attack other plants. Maybe one day we will be able to “talk” with plants 10.ourselves(we)． Ⅰ.补句子　析结构 1．Many cultures have stories of talking trees that give advice as well as warnings(warn) to people.(P74 Para.1) 结构分析：此句为主从复合句，that引导定语从句，修饰先行词talking trees。 汉语翻译：在许多种文化中流传下来的故事里，会说话的树给予人们忠告和警示。 2．With us long believing that talking plants are fantasy，new research has revealed something amazing(amaze)：it appears that plants can communicate after all.(P74 Para.2) 结构分析：此处为with复合结构(with＋代词＋doing)作状语；that引导宾语从句，作believing的宾语；it appears that...中it是形式主语，真正的主语是由that引导的主语从句。 汉语翻译：我们一直认为会说话的植物只存在于幻想之中，但新研究有了令人惊奇的发现：植物间似乎确实可以交流。 3．It has been known(know) for some time that plants use chemicals to communicate with each other.(P74 Para.3) 结构分析：此句为主从复合句；It作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。 汉语翻译：人们早就知道植物可以利用化学物质进行交流。 4．The plant releases tiny amounts of chemicals from the leaves that are being eaten(eat)．(P74 Para.3) 结构分析：此句为主从复合句；that引导定语从句；tiny amounts of意为“微量的”。 汉语翻译：正遭受啃食的叶子会释放出微量的化学物质。 5．Some trees make clicking(click) noises when there is not enough water，indicating drought is arriving.(P75 Para.4) 结构分析：此句为主从复合句；when引导时间状语从句；indicating...为现在分词短语作伴随状语；drought is arriving是省略了that的宾语从句。 汉语翻译：还有些树木在水分不足时会发出咔嗒声，以示干旱就要来了。 6．Most surprisingly(surprising) of all，plants have an amazing system of communication that can link nearly every plant in a forest.(P76 Para.5) 结构分析：此句为主从复合句；that引导定语从句，修饰先行词system。 汉语翻译：最令人惊奇的是，植物拥有一套神奇的信息交流系统，几乎可以连接起森林中所有的植物。 7．While the Internet is a worldwide network of computers linked by cables and satellites，the wood wide web is linked(link) underground by fungi.(P76 Para.5) 结构分析：此句为主从复合句；While引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管”；linked by...是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰名词network。 汉语翻译：互联网是通过电缆和卫星连接的全球计算机网络，而植物万维网则是在地下通过真菌连接而成的。 8．Scientists are learning more every day about the secret ways in which plants talk to each other.(P76 Para.6) 结构分析：此句为主从复合句；in which引导定语从句，修饰先行词ways。 汉语翻译：科学家们每天都在增进对植物间相互沟通的秘密方式的了解。 Ⅱ.研典句　学用法 so that引导状语从句 Scientists hope to learn more about this plant warning system，so that we can use it to grow crops without pesticides.(P74 Para.3) 科学家希望能进一步了解这种植物警报系统，从而将其应用于不用使用农药的农作物的种植。 结构分析：此句为主从复合句；so that引导目的状语从句。 ·so that 引导目的状语从句时，意为“为了……，以便……”。从句中常使用can/could/may/might/will/would/should等情态动词。 ·so that 引导结果状语从句，意为“以至于；结果”，从句中一般不用情态动词，从句前常有逗号。 (1)她每天都很努力，所以她轻而易举地通过了考试。 She worked hard every day，so that she passed the exam easily. (2)许多运动员参加奥运会是为了能为祖国赢得荣誉。 Many athletes take part in the Olympic Games so that they can win glory for their homeland. (3)如果你能通知我们日程安排，以便我们提前安排，我们将不胜感激。 We would appreciate it if you could inform us of the schedule so that we can make arrangements in advance. 课文重点词块默写 1．也；又(连接并列结构) as well as 2．例如 such as 3．与某人交流 communicate with sb 4．毕竟；终究 after all 5．被袭击 get attacked 6．微量的 tiny amounts of 7．呼救 a call for help 8．把……赶走 drive...away 9．警报系统 warning system 10．更令人吃惊的是 more surprisingly 11．在某种程度上 in some ways 12．与……相似 be similar to 训练7　Developing ideas(A) 分值：40分 Ⅰ.单句写作(主题：认识植物)(共15分) 1．我写信是想告诉你一些与竹子生长过程有关的事情。(过去分词短语作定语) I am writing to tell you something linked to the growing process of the bamboo. 2．我买了一些种子，把它们埋在盆里，然后把盆放在卧室里，这样我就可以清楚地看到竹子的生长过程。(so that引导目的状语从句) I bought some seeds，buried them into a basin and placed it in my bedroom so that I could clearly see bamboo’s growing process. 3．几天过去了，一些绿色的小植物从土壤中长了出来。(with复合结构) With days going by，some green and tiny plants grew out of the soil. 4．让我高兴的是，这些小植物似乎在短短几天内就长大了。(it作形式主语) To my delight，it seemed that the tiny plants grew up in just a few days. 5．看到那些小植物很快长成了一些高大的植物，我完全惊呆了。(现在分词短语作状语) Seeing those tiny plants grow into some tall plants quickly，I was totally amazed. 组句成篇　以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。 Dear Bernard， How is everything going? I am writing to tell you something linked to the growing process of the bamboo. I bought some seeds，buried them into a basin and placed it in my bedroom so that I could clearly see bamboo’s growing process.With days going by，some green and tiny plants grew out of the soil.To make them grow smoothly，I watered them every day and took good care of them.To my delight，it seemed that the plants grew up in just a few days.Seeing those tiny plants grow into some tall plants quickly，I was totally amazed. Would you grow a plant you like most? Looking forward to your early reply. Yours sincerely， Li Hua Ⅱ.阅读理解(共4题；每小题2.5分，共10分) To many people，honey bees symbolize prosperity(兴旺)，sustainability and environmentalism.But as a honey bee researcher，I have to tell you that only the first item on that list is defensible.Although they are important for agriculture，honey bees also destabilize natural ecosystems by competing with native bees—some of which are species at risk. The rise in hobby beekeeping，now a trendy activity for hundreds of thousands of Americans，followed strong awareness campaigns to “save the bees”．But as a species，honey bees are least in need of saving.Sheila Colla，a conservation biologist，says，“People mistakenly think helping honey bees is somehow helping native bees.They have a surprisingly poor understanding of the diversity of pollinators(传粉者) and their roles in pollination.” There are millions of honey bee colonies(群) in North America.Around 30,000 bees per colony，that’s roughly a billion honey bees in Canada and the U．S.alone.Huge numbers of honey bee colonies increase competition between native pollinators，putting even more pressure on the wild species that are already in decline.Honey bees are extreme generalist foragers(觅食者)，leading to exploitative competition—that is，where one species uses up a resource，not leaving enough to go around. Alfredo Valido and Pedro Jordano，researchers from the Spanish National Research Council，used the Canary Islands to study how honey bees affect the native pollinating community.In the highlands of the islands’ Teide National Park，thousands of honey bee colonies are introduced seasonally for honey production and removed again at the end of the flower season，creating an excellent condition for experimentation.Their results do not make honey bees look like the sustainability celebrities they have become.Bringing in honey bees reduced the connectedness of the plant-pollinator networks.Besides，the resilience(恢复力) of the ecosystem has also declined. I used to believe that honey bees were a gateway species，and that concern over their health and prosperity would spread to native bees，benefitting them，too.However，evidence shows that misguided enthusiasm for honey bees has likely been the native bees’ disaster. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了家养蜜蜂有可能与本地蜜蜂竞争从而导致自然生态环境被破坏。 1．How does the author feel about the rise in hobby beekeeping? A．Confused. B．Concerned. C．Surprised. D．Pleased. 答案　B 解析　观点态度题。根据第二段第一句“The rise in hobby beekeeping...But as a species，honey bees are at least in need of saving.”和最后一段中“However，evidence shows that misguided enthusiasm for honey bees has likely been the native bees’ disaster.”可知，作者对于业余养蜂现象持担忧的态度。故选B。 2．How are native pollinators affected by introduced honey bees? A．They have trouble finding food. B．They become generalist foragers. C．They get protected as honey bees. D．They fail to form their own colonies. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中“Huge numbers of honey bee colonies increase competition between native pollinators...where one species uses up a resource，not leaving enough to go around.”可知，引入的蜜蜂群会使得本地蜂的食物减少，难以觅食。故选A。 3．What did the experiment on the Canary Islands show concerning honey bees? A．They fitted into the native pollinating community. B．They improved the sustainability of the islands. C．They slowed the recovery of the ecosystem. D．They shortened the flower season. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段中“Besides，the resilience(恢复力) of the ecosystem has also declined.”可知，蜜蜂的引进会导致当地生态系统的恢复力下降，减缓生态系统的恢复。故选C。 4．What can be the best title for the text? A．The Threat to Honey Bees B．The Problems with Honey Bees C．Save the Bees，Save the Planet D．Focus on Honey Bees，Not Native Bees 答案　B 解析　标题归纳题。第一段提到了蜜蜂的引进可能会破坏当地生态系统的稳定性，后文通过介绍加那利群岛上对蜜蜂的研究也提到了大量引入蜜蜂会减缓当地生态系统的恢复。由此判断，全文主要讲蜜蜂所带来的一些问题。故选B。 Ⅲ.完形填空(共15题；每小题1分，共15分) Stephanie rescued Flynn from an animal centre in 2014，after she was found as a puppy wandering the streets alone.“She was super shy and sweet，and absolutely 1 of men，” Stephanie recalled.“We 2 and she overcame her unpleasant experience.” But in May 2020，six-year-old Flynn suddenly 3 her back when she jumped on Stephanie’s bed and landed 4 .“She became paralysed and her two back legs stopped working，” Stephanie said. Flynn had to have emergency surgery and a month of recovery 5 she could put one paw in front of the other again.“Quite a few people told me to 6 and said she’d be a lot of work，but I never would.I had 7 and I knew the Deity would help her，” Stephanie said. One year on，their roles 8 when Stephanie was diagnosed with a cancer in September 2021.Flynn became 9 from Stephanie and refused to leave her side until she got better.“Flynn was my biggest 10 .I couldn’t have got through it without her，” Stephanie said.“She 11 me every day.When I am tired or unwell，I think about how she 12 .She never quit.We’ve been through all the highs and lows of life together.” Seven-year-old Flynn’s 13 doesn’t just inspire Stephanie，but lots of strangers too.Stephanie is 14 to her supportive family for helping her through her own health 15 ，and to all of Flynn’s social media followers. 语篇解读　本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Stephanie从一家动物中心救出了Flynn，从此彼此支持互相关爱的暖心故事。 1．A.tolerant B．frightened C．critical D．ignorant 答案　B 解析　根据上文“She was super shy and sweet”和下文“unpleasant experience”可知，Flynn非常害羞，很怕人。故选B。 2．A.bonded B．followed C．discriminated D．failed 答案　A 解析　根据下文“she overcame her unpleasant experience”可知，她们俩建立了非常亲密的关系。故选A。 3．A.trembled B．stretched C．lowered D．broke 答案　D 解析　根据下文“She became paralysed and her two back legs stopped working”可知，Flynn瘫痪了，由此可知，她摔断了背。故选D。 4．A.skillfully B．cautiously C．awkwardly D．ultimately 答案　C 解析　根据上文“six-year-old Flynn suddenly her back”以及下文“She became paralysed and her two back legs stopped working”可知，Flynn落地时很笨拙，所以才摔断了背。故选C。 5．A.after B．before C．when D．if 答案　B 解析　根据句意可知，Flynn不得不接受紧急手术，花了一个月的时间恢复，才能够再次把一只爪子放在另一只爪子前面。故选B。 6．A.take her in B．pick her up C．put her down D．show her around 答案　C 解析　根据下文“said she’d be a lot of work”可知，人们都认为她会是个大麻烦，所以让Stephanie将她安乐死。故选C。 7．A.faith B．courage C．mercy D．regret 答案　A 解析　根据下文“I knew the Deity would help her”可知，Stephanie相信Flynn会活下来。故选A。 8．A.disappeared B．extended C．conflicted D．exchanged 答案　D 解析　根据上文可知，Flynn摔断了背，Stephanie却没有放弃她，一直相信她一定会活下来；而根据下文“Flynn became from Stephanie and refused to leave her side until she got better.”可知，Stephanie患病后，Flynn一直守在她身边，由此可知，二者的角色互换了。故选D。 9．A.withdrawn B．inseparable C．different D．invisible 答案　B 解析　根据下文“refused to leave her side until she got better”可知，Flynn从不离开Stephanie。故选B。 10．A.decision B．mistake C．possibility D．support 答案　D 解析　根据下文“I couldn’t have got through it without her”可知，Stephanie认为Flynn是自己最大的支持者。故选D。 11．A.believes B．amazes C．inspires D．carries 答案　C 解析　根据下文“When I am tired or unwell，I think about how she .She never quit.”可知，Flynn的精神激励着Stephanie。故选C。 12．A.pushed on B．took responsibility C．gave away D．made trouble 答案　A 解析　根据下文“She never quit.”可知，Flynn不管遇到什么困难都会坚持下去。故选A。 13．A.ambition B．hardship C．confidence D．positiveness 答案　D 解析　根据上文内容可知，Flynn摔断了背后依然坚持活了下来，甚至还能够动自己的爪子，不管遇到什么，Flynn都会坚持下去，这是一种积极的生活态度。故选D。 14．A.sensitive B．committed C．grateful D．compared 答案　C 解析　根据下文“for helping her through her own health”可推断，此处指Stephanie很感激。故选C。 15．A.plans B．battles C．warning D．education 答案　B 解析　根据上文“One year on，their roles when Stephanie was diagnosed with a cancer in September 2021.”可知，此处指Stephanie的健康斗争。故选B。 训练8　Developing ideas(B) 分值：32.5分 Ⅰ.阅读理解(共8题；每小题2.5分，共20分) A The sunflower sea star has been listed as a critically endangered species following a groundbreaking population study led by Oregon State University(OSU) and The Nature Conservancy. “These giant sea stars used to be easy to find and were a hit with divers.Unfortunately，your chances of finding one now are next to nothing in most of the areas near the United States—this listing is one step to extinction—and I don’t think they’re coming back without help，” said OSU’s Sarah Gravem，a research associate in the College of Science and the lead author of the study. Populations of the sunflower sea star suffered dramatic crashes because of a marine(海洋的) wildlife epidemic event，which began in 2013.Scientists used more than 61,000 population surveys from 31 data sets to calculate a 90.6% decline in the sunflower sea stars and estimated that as many as 5.75 billion animals died from the disease，whose cause has not been determined.Moreover，the research showed no sign of population recovery in any region in the five to seven years since the event. Sunflower sea stars are a key catcher of purple sea urchins(海胆) and the sea star decline has helped the increase in the urchin population in many regions.Too many urchins are linked to a decline in kelp forests(海藻林) already facing pressure from marine heat wave events，making the future uncertain for ecosystems that provide habitat for thousands of marine animals and help support coastal economies. “Because most people are not out in the ocean every day，we don’t realize how much it’s being changed and impacted by humans.We need to think about how to keep our ocean healthy.While reducing the release of carbon dioxide is the most pressing need，rebuilding key catcher populations，like the sunflower sea star，can be an important piece of the puzzle too，” said study co-author Sara Hamilton，a Ph.D.candidate in the OSU College of Science. 1．What can we infer about sunflower sea stars from Sarah Gravem’s words? A．They present a danger to divers. B．They cannot recover on their own. C．They cannot adapt to the new environment. D．They attract many tourists to the United States. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据文章第二段中“‘...Unfortunately，your chances of finding one now are next to nothing...I don’t think they’re coming back without help，’ said OSU’s Sarah Gravem”可知，太阳花海星濒临灭绝，如果没有外界的帮助，它们自己无法恢复。故选B。 2．What led to the sharp decline in the number of sunflower sea stars? A．Human beings’ overfishing. B．The arrival of a new species. C．The rising ocean temperature. D．The occurrence of a marine disease. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“Populations of the sunflower sea star suffered dramatic crashes because of a marine(海洋的) wildlife epidemic event，which began in 2013.”可知，导致太阳花海星数量急剧下降的是一次海洋流行疾病的出现。故选D。 3．What is the relationship between sunflower sea stars and the sea kelp forests? A．Their common enemies are sea urchins. B．Sunflower sea stars feed on the sea kelp forests. C．Sunflower sea stars help preserve the sea kelp forests. D．The sea kelp forests provide habitats for sunflower sea stars. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据文章第四段中“Sunflower sea stars are a key catcher of purple sea urchins(海胆)．..Too many urchins are linked to a decline in kelp forests(海藻林)”可知，太阳花海星捕食以海藻林为食的海胆，即太阳花海星有助于保护海藻林。故选C。 4．What might Sara Hamilton agree with? A．More species should be introduced to the ocean. B．Scientists play the most important role in protecting the ocean. C．The influence of human activities on the ocean has decreased since 2013. D．More action should be taken to increase the number of sunflower sea stars. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“‘...We need to think about how to keep our ocean healthy...’ said study co-author Sara Hamilton”可知，人们应该积极行动起来，采取具体的措施去保护太阳花海星等生物。由此可知，Sara Hamilton会赞同“应该采取更多的措施来增加太阳花海星的数量”这个说法。故选D。 B Endangered polar bears are breeding(繁殖) with grizzly bears(灰熊)，creating “pizzly” bears，which is being driven by climate change，scientists say. As the world warms and Arctic sea ice thins，starving polar bears are being forced ever further south，where they meet grizzlies，whose ranges are expanding northwards.And with that growing contact between the two come increasing hybrids(杂交种)． With characteristics that could give the hybrids an advantage in warming northern habitats，some scientists guess that they could be here to stay.“Usually，hybrids aren’t better suited to their environments than their parents，but these hybrids are able to search for a broader range of food sources，” Larisa DeSantis，an associate professor of biological sciences at Vanderbilt University，told Live Science. The rise of “pizzly” bears appears with polar bears’ decline: their numbers are estimated to decrease by more than 30% in the next 30 years.This sudden fall is linked partly to “pizzly” bears taking up polar bears’ ranges，where they outcompete them，but also to polar bears’ highly specialized diets. “Polar bears mainly consumed soft foods even during the Medieval Warm Period，a previous period of rapid warming，” DeSantis said，referring to fat meals such as seals.“Although all of these starving polar bears are trying to find alternative food sources，like seabird eggs，it could be a tipping point for their survival.” Actually，the calories they gain from these sources do not balance out those they burn from searching for them.This could result in a habitat ready for the hybrids to move in and take over，leading to a loss in biodiversity if polar bears are replaced. “We’re having massive impacts with climate change on species，” DeSantis said.“The polar bear is telling us how bad things are.In some sense，‘pizzly’ bears could be a sad but necessary compromise given current warming trends.” 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了由于气候变暖，濒危北极熊正在与灰熊一起繁殖，创造出“小灰熊”，杂交的“小灰熊”数量正在增加，这说明全球气候正在变得更糟糕。 5．Why do polar bears move further south? A．To create hybrids. B．To expand territory. C．To relieve hunger. D．To contact grizzlies. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“As the world warms and Arctic sea ice thins，starving polar bears are being forced ever further south”可知，北极熊向南迁移是为了缓解饥饿。故选C项。 6．What makes “pizzly” bears adapt to natural surroundings better than their parents? A．Broader habitats. B．More food options. C．Climate preference. D．Improved breeding ability. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“but these hybrids are able to search for a broader range of food sources”可知，更多的食物选择让“小灰熊”比它们的父母更能适应自然环境。故选B项。 7．What does the underlined phrase “a tipping point” in paragraph 5 refer to? A．A critical stage. B．A rare chance. C．A positive factor. D．A constant change. 答案　A 解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词下文可知，事实上，它们从这些食物中获得的热量并不能抵消它们在寻找这些食物时消耗的热量。这可能导致一个栖息地被“小灰熊”接管，结合画线部分所在句，a tipping point应理解为“转折点”，相当于a critical stage(关键阶段)。故选A项。 8．What’s the main idea of the text? A．Polar bears are changing diets for climate change. B．Polar bears have already adjusted to climate change. C．“Pizzly” bears have replaced polar bears for global warming. D．“Pizzly” bears are on the rise because of global warming. 答案　D 解析　主旨大意题。根据前两段内容和倒数第二段最后一句可知，由于全球变暖，“小灰熊”的数量正在上升。故选D项。 Ⅱ.七选五(共5题；每小题2.5分，共12.5分) Eating healthily can help you lose weight and have more energy.It can also improve your mood(心情) and reduce your risk of disease.Yet despite these benefits，maintaining a healthy diet and lifestyle can be challenging.Here are ways to stick to a healthy diet. Practice mindful eating. 1 Take time to enjoy your food and appreciate its ability to nourish(滋养) you.Adopting a mindful eating approach can help you achieve a better relationship with foods and may reduce binge eating. Start the day with a high-protein breakfast. Eating a high-protein breakfast helps you stay full. 2 If your first meal is well balanced and contains enough protein，you’re more likely to maintain stable blood sugar levels and not overeat for the rest of the day. Get your nutrition from a variety of completely unprocessed foods. These include fruit and vegetables. 3 In other words，when buying foods at the market，focus on things that have not been cooked，prepared or changed in any way. 　4　 It’s difficult to eat healthily if you’re surrounded by junk foods.Having foods on display in various areas of the house has been linked to obesity(肥胖) and increased consumption of unhealthy foods.Keeping unhealthy foods out of the house，or at least out of sight，can increase your chances of staying on track. Drink enough water. Many studies have shown that drinking enough water may benefit weight maintenance and even slightly increase the number of calories you burn daily. 5 A．Eat your greens first. B．Keep unhealthy foods out of the house. C．It can also prevent overeating later in the day. D．Eating mindfully can help you maintain a healthy lifestyle. E．This may lead you to eat fewer and healthier calories overall. F．They also include meat，fish and eggs that haven’t been processed. G．Studies also show that drinking water before meals can reduce appetite and calorie intake. 1．答案　D 解析　根据该段小标题“Practice mindful eating.”以及该空后的“Adopting a mindful eating approach can help you...”可知，本段主要建议练习正念饮食。D项介绍了正念饮食的好处，符合语境。故选D。 2．答案　C 解析　根据上文“Eating a high-protein breakfast helps you stay full.”以及后文“If your first meal is well balanced and...not overeat for the rest of the day.”可知，本句主要是在说明高蛋白早餐的好处，C项中的“It”指代上文中的“Eating a high-protein breakfast”，C项中的“prevent overeating later in the day”呼应下文中的“not overeat for the rest of the day”。故选C。 3．答案　F 解析　根据小标题“Get your nutrition from a variety of completely unprocessed foods.”以及上文“These include fruit and vegetables.”可知，本句与上文并列，都是在列举完全未经加工的食物有哪些，F项中的“also include”是对上文的补充，故选F。 4．答案　B 解析　设空处是该段的小标题。根据本段内容可知，本段主要说明要远离垃圾食品和不健康的食物，故B项能概括本段的主旨，且B项与该段中的“Keeping unhealthy foods out of the house”构成复现关系。故选B。 5．答案　G 解析　由该段小标题“Drink enough water.”以及上文“Many studies have shown that drinking enough water may benefit weight maintenance and...”可知，本段主要说明多喝水的益处，G项对上文进行补充说明，且G项中的“drinking water”呼应小标题。故选G。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $