Unit 2 Section Ⅳ (1) -ing and to-infinitive as object（Word教参）-【步步高】2024-2025学年高二英语选择性必修第一册学习笔记（外研版）

本讲义聚焦动词-ing形式和不定式作宾语这一核心知识点，通过短文实例感知引导学生自主发现用法，系统梳理只能接不定式（如“决心学会想希望”等口诀助记）、只能接动名词（如“考虑建议盼原谅”等口诀归纳）的动词分类，对比forget等动词接不同形式的意义差异，并讲解it作形式宾语结构，构建完整学习支架。 该资料亮点在于采用口诀记忆法提升学习能力，如“避免错过继续练”助记接动名词动词，结合实例感知与自主发现培养语言能力。练习题涵盖语法填空、阅读、完形等题型，结合语境训练思维品质，课中辅助教师清晰授课，课后帮助学生巩固知识、查漏补缺。

Section Ⅳ　Using language(1)—-ing and to-infinitive as object 阅读以下短文，感知加黑部分，并回答其后的题目 I had expected 1.to pass the English examination but the fact was that I failed.I was in a bad mood and intended 2.to reflect on my mistakes.I considered it useless 3.regretting it.To avoid 4.making the same mistake or making my parents upset，I determined 5.to work hard from then on.I gave up 6.playing computer games and focused on my study.I practised 7.writing and speaking English every day.I just couldn’t wait for the next examination and looked forward to the opportunity to prove myself. [自主发现] 以上语段中的1,2,5均为动词不定式在句中作宾语；3,4,6和7均为动词-ing形式在句中作宾语；其中句3中的第一个it作形式宾语，regretting作动词considered的真正宾语。 动词-ing形式和不定式作宾语 一、只能接动词不定式作宾语的动词及短语 请牢记下面的口诀： 决心学会想希望(decide/determine，learn，want，expect/hope/wish) 拒绝设法着手装(refuse，manage，set out，pretend) 主动答应选计划(offer，promise，choose，plan) 同意请求想要帮(agree，ask/beg，would like，help) I can’t afford to waste money on cheap brands. 我不能把钱浪费在那些廉价的品牌上。 At last I managed to carry all those large boxes upstairs.最后我设法把那些大箱子都搬上了楼。 The young barber offered to pay for our meal. 那个年轻的理发师主动提出为我们付饭钱。 二、只接动名词作宾语的动词及短语 请牢记下面的口诀： 考虑建议盼原谅(consider，suggest/advise，look forward to，excuse) 承认推迟没得想(admit，delay/put off，fancy) 避免错过继续练(avoid，miss，keep/keep on，practise) 否认完成就欣赏(deny，finish，enjoy/appreciate) 禁止想象才冒险(forbid，imagine，risk) 不禁介意准逃亡(can’t help，mind，allow/permit，escape) 难以忍受始反对(can’t stand，get down to，object to) 想要成功坚持忙(feel like，succeed in，stick to/insist on，be busy in) 习惯放弃有困难(be used to，give up，have difficulty in) 导致专心防道歉(lead to，devote...to，prevent...from，apologise for) Have you ever considered going abroad for further education? 你考虑过去国外深造吗？ You can hardly avoid meeting her if both of you work in the same office. 如果你们两个人在同一间办公室工作，你就免不了会遇见她。 He has been looking forward to going to England for a long time. 很长一段时间以来他一直盼望去英国。 三、有些动词和动词短语后跟动词不定式和动名词作宾语皆可，但含义不同。常见的有： 动词 宾语的形式 意义 forget to do 忘记要做…… doing 忘记做过…… remember to do 记着要去做…… doing 记得做过…… regret to do 遗憾/抱歉要做…… doing 后悔做了…… try to do 尽力做…… doing 尝试做…… mean to do 打算做…… doing 意味着…… stop to do 停下来去做(另一件事) doing 停止做(同一件事) go on to do 接着做(另外一件事) doing 接着做(同一件事) She told me to go and lock the door.She didn’t remember locking the door after supper. 她叫我去锁门，她不记得晚饭后锁过门了。 Remember to turn off all the lights when you leave the circus. 当你离开马戏团时，别忘记把所有的灯关掉。 They didn’t mean to go to the amusement park for entertainment.他们并不打算去游乐场玩。 His words meant going to cheer you up without delay.他的话意味着马上让你高兴起来。 四、need，want，require等动词作“需要”讲，且主语为“某事物”时，后面跟动名词的主动形式或跟动词不定式的被动式，都表示被动意义。 Your house needs repairing/to be repaired. 你的房子需要维修。 The problem requires solving/to be solved immediately.这个问题需要立即予以解决。 五、it作形式宾语 记住句型“6123”结构： “6”指主句中常用的六个动词：think，believe，make，find，consider，feel； “1”指的是形式宾语it； “2”指的是宾补的两种形式：形容词或名词； “3”指的是真正宾语的三种形式：不定式短语、动名词短语或that引导的宾语从句。 此结构中，it是形式宾语，其后的adj.或n.是宾语补足语，而动名词短语/不定式短语/宾语从句才是真正的宾语。 1．主语＋谓语(think/believe/suppose/consider/feel/make/find等)＋it＋宾补(no use/no good/useless/a waste of time等)＋doing... I think it no use informing them of the rejection.我认为告知他们这个否决没有用处了。 Do you consider it any good trying again? 你认为再试一下会有好处吗？ 2．主语＋谓语(think/believe/suppose/consider/feel/make/find等)＋it＋宾补(adj./n.)＋(for sb) to do.../宾语从句 She has made it a rule to go out for a walk after supper.她已经养成了晚饭后出去散步的习惯。 I feel it pleasant to work with you. 我觉得与你共事是件令人愉快的事。 I must make it clear that I’ll always support you.我必须说清楚，我会一直支持你。 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．The bird was so lucky that it just missed being caught(catch)． 2．Don’t forget to say(say) “Thank you” when someone has helped you. 3．I had intended to inform(inform) you the news in advance but I just forgot. 4．After he finished doing(do) maths homework，he went on to write(write) a composition. 5．The girl admitted breaking/having broken(break) the vase and made an apology to her mother. 6．When I told my travel stories to my partner，she regretted not seeing(see) more of the world. 7．Although the young man was less experienced，he managed to overcome(overcome) the difficulty. 8．I require him to water trees，because they require watering/to be watered in this hot weather.(water) 9．I can’t stand working(work) with Jane in the same office.She just refuses to stop(stop) talking while she works. 10．Have you forgotten some books borrowed from me last month？Will you please remember to bring (bring) them tomorrow? Ⅱ.完成句子 1．The employer promised to settle the problem as soon as possible. 雇主承诺尽快解决这个问题。 2．After a discussion，they decided to delay announcing the outcome. 讨论过后，他们决定推迟公布这个结果。 3．I regretted seeing the film last night，for it was so boring. 我后悔昨晚看了那部电影，因为它非常乏味。 4．He offered to drive me home，but I didn’t accept.他主动提出开车送我回家，但我没有接受。 5．After a talk with her parents，she chose to go to Australia for further education/study. 和父母谈过之后，她选择去澳大利亚深造。 训练5　Using language(A) 分值：58分 Ⅰ.单句语法填空(共10题；每小题1.5分，共15分) 1．These young trees require watering/to be watered(water)． 2．I find it my duty to help(help) you when you are in debt. 3．I really appreciated being given(give) such a good chance. 4．He pretended to know(know) nothing about the criticism. 5．He determined not to inform(inform) his parents of the outcome. 6．When he saw the funny clown，he couldn’t help laughing(laugh)． 7．You’d better set aside some time to practice speaking(speak) English. 8．To be honest，I didn’t mean to hurt(hurt) him.I was only joking then. 9．Those days she was considering changing(change) her job for it was really boring. 10．Young people may risk going(go) deaf if they are exposed to very loud music every day. Ⅱ.根据汉语提示补全下面语段(共6题；每小题3分，共18分) I 1.regretted to tell him(遗憾地告诉他) that he had been dismissed.To my surprise，he said to me，“I am not sad.I only 2.regret having taken the wrong job(后悔选错了工作)．” As he was leaving，he told me happily，“3.Remember to pay me back(记得归还我) the money you borrowed from me last time.” I 4.tried to remember(尽力去回想)，but I 5.couldn’t help saying(禁不住说)，“I 6.remember paying you back(记得已经还给你了)．” Ⅲ.阅读理解(共4题；每小题2.5分，共10分) Thinking of getting your child to take up a sport that involves(牵涉) a coach or instructor? Good news: A new study finds that children who take part in organized physical activity at a young age are less likely to have emotional difficulties by the time they turn 12. “The elementary school years are a key time in child development，”said Frédéric N．Brière，a psycho-education professor who led the study published this month in Pediatric Research.“And every parent wants to raise a well-adjusted child.” Researchers followed a birth group over time to examine whether continual participation in organized sport from ages 6 to 10 would lower risks related with emotional distress，anxiety，shyness，social pullback at the age of 12.Their goal was to test this question as critically as possible by eliminating(排除) pre-existing child or family conditions that could offer an alternative explanation. To do this，Brière and his team examined data from a group of children born in 1997 or 1998 who are part of the Quebee Longitudinal Study of Child Development.From ages 6 to 10，mothers reported whether their children participated in organized physical activity.At the age of 12，teachers reported on the children’s levels of emotional distress，anxiety，shyness，and social pullback at school. “The results revealed that children who participated frequently from ages 6 to 10 showed fewer instances of those factors at the age of 12 than their peers who did not join in physical activity in a continual way，” said Brière.“We found these benefits above and beyond pre-existing individual and family characteristics.” “Getting kids actively involved in organized sport seems to promote global development.This involvement appears to be good on a socio-emotional level and not just because of physical benefits.Being less emotionally distressed at the key stage between elementary and high school is a priceless benefit for children，as they are about to enter a much larger universe with bigger academic challenges.This research supports current parental guidelines promoting children’s involvement in physical activity，” Brière concluded. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究表明，小时候参加有组织的体育活动的孩子在12岁时出现情绪问题的可能性较小。 1．Why did Brière’s team follow a birth group over time? A．To test their guess. B．To check the kids’ health. C．To offer an alternative explanation. D．To record the kids’ mental conditions. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据文章第三段可知，研究人员对一组刚出生的孩子进行长期跟踪调查是为了验证研究人员的猜想：从6岁到10岁持续参加有组织的体育运动是否会降低他们在12岁时出现情绪困扰、焦虑、羞怯和社交退缩的风险。故选A。 2．How did the researchers reach their conclusion? A．By doing survey on teachers. B．By eliminating other factors. C．By analyzing and comparing data. D．By organizing physical activities. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据文章第四段和第五段第一句可推知，研究人员通过分析和研究比较孩子们6－10岁时的运动数据及12岁时的情绪问题数据从而得出结论。故选C。 3．Why is emotional health important to children between age 6 and 12? A．They will soon face great academic stress. B．They go through a quick development. C．They are too busy to participate in sports. D．They are more likely to have mental problems. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的“Being less emotionally distressed at the key stage between elementary and high school is a priceless benefit for children，as they are about to enter a much larger universe with bigger academic challenges.”可知，情绪健康对于6至12岁的孩子很重要的原因在于他们很快就会面临巨大的学业压力。故选A。 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．It’s Easy to Raise a Well-Adjusted Child B．Sticking to Organized Sport Can Help Kids Adjust C．Organized Sport Promotes Emotional Difficulties D．School Education Is Critical for Child Development 答案　B 解析　标题归纳题。通读全文尤其根据文章第二段以及最后一段可知，文章主要讲述的是坚持参与有组织的运动可以帮助孩子适应各种变化，减少情绪问题。故选B。 Ⅳ.语法填空(共10题；每小题1.5分，共15分) There were a hundred and forty-two stairs at Hogwarts：wide，clean ones；narrow，dirty ones；some that led somewhere different on a Friday；some with a disappearing step halfway up that you had to remember 1. (jump)．Then there were doors 2. wouldn’t open unless you asked 3. (polite)，or tickled (挠痒) them in exactly the right place，and doors that weren’t really doors at all，but walls just pretending.4. was also very hard to remember where anything was，because it all seemed to move around a lot.The people in the pictures kept 5. (go) to visit each other，and Harry 6. (be) sure the coats of armour (盔甲) could walk.And then，once you had managed to find them，there were the classes themselves.They had to study the night skies every Wednesday at midnight and learn the names of different stars and the 7. (move) of the planets.Three times a week they went out to the greenhouses behind the castle 8. (study) Herbology(草药学)，with a short little woman called Professor Sprout，where they learned 9. to take care of all the strange plants,10. found out what they were used for. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章节选自小说《哈利·波特》，讲述了霍格沃茨魔法学院的学校生活。 1．答案　to jump 解析　考查非谓语动词。根据“you had to remember”可推知，此处用固定短语remember to do sth，意为“记住要做某事”，因此空处应用jump的不定式形式。故填to jump。 2．答案　that/which 解析　考查定语从句。分析句子可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词doors，先行词指物，设空处在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which作引导词。故填that/which。 3．答案　politely 解析　考查副词。分析句子可知，空处修饰动词asked，polite的副词形式politely符合语境，意为“礼貌地”。故填politely。 4．答案　It 解析　考查固定句型。根据“was also very hard to remember”可推知，此处使用固定句型“it is/was＋形容词＋to do sth”，意为“做某事……”，其中it为形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短语，因此空处应用it，且空处位于句首，it的首字母应大写。故填It。 5．答案　going 解析　考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词kept且空前没有连词，所以此处填非谓语动词，根据固定短语keep doing sth，意为“不断做某事，一直做某事”，可知空处应用go的动名词形式。故填going。 6．答案　was 解析　考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子可知，空处作句子的谓语，结合kept可知，时态为一般过去时，且主语Harry是单数，因此be动词应用was。故填was。 7．答案　movements 解析　考查名词复数。分析句子可知，空处和names并列，作learn的宾语，因此应用move的名词形式movement，意为“运行”，且结合of the planets可知，行星的运行不止一个，movement应用复数形式。故填movements。 8．答案　to study 解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，句子主干成分完整，空处作句子的目的状语，因此应用study的不定式形式。故填to study。 9．答案　how 解析　考查特殊疑问词。分析句子可知，learn后面用“疑问词＋不定式”作宾语，表示方式，故填how。 10．答案　and 解析　考查连词。分析句子可知，空处连接前后两个谓语动词learned和found out，两者之间是并列关系，应用并列连词and。故填and。 训练6　Using language(B) 分值：35分 Ⅰ.阅读理解(共8题；每小题2.5分，共20分) A Richard Branson was a poor academic performer; his headmaster told him he would either end up in prison or become a millionaire.At 16, Branson started a magazine called Student and advertised records in it.From there, he went on to create a successful chain of record stores.He earned his first million at the age of 23.Today, the Virgin Group founder and chairman is worth an estimated(估算的) $5.1 billion. But when it comes to defining success, the businessman says wealth has nothing to do with it.“Too many people measure how successful they are by how much money they make or the people that they associate with，” Branson said.“True success should be measured by how happy you are.It’s a common mistaken belief that money is every businessman’s metric(指标) for success，” he continued.“It’s not, and nor should it be.” In fact, Branson never starts a company with the primary aim of making a lot of money.“Every Virgin product and service has been made into a reality to make a positive difference in people’s lives.And by focusing on the happiness of our customers, we have been able to build a successful group of companies.” Happiness isn’t just a metric to measure his level of success.He stressed: “Most people would assume my business success, and the wealth that comes with it, have brought me happiness.But I know I am successful, wealthy and connected because I am happy.” Branson thinks success has nothing to do with money.“Basically, when you get to my age, you’ll really measure your success in life by how many of the people you want to love you actually do love you，” he said while addressing students at Georgia Tech.“I don’t care how big your bank account is, but if you get to my age in life and nobody thinks well of you, your life is a disaster.That’s the ultimate test of how you have lived your life.” 1．What can we infer from what Branson’s headmaster said? A．Branson was dangerous to school. B．Branson had a great head for business. C．Branson should set up his own business. D．Branson should put more effort into his studies. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。由第一段中布兰森的校长对他所说的话“he would either end up in prison or become a millionaire”，以及本段描述的他在商业领域所取得的成就可知，布兰森是一位很有商业头脑的天才。故选B项。 2．Why does Branson mention Virgin products and services? A．To inspire other companies to work harder. B．To show how his company makes a profit. C．To introduce his unique business purpose. D．To describe how to please customers. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段前两句可知，布兰森认为开公司的目的不是为了赚大钱，维珍提供的每项产品和服务都是为了在人们的生活中产生积极的影响。由此可知布兰森提到维珍产品和服务是为了介绍他独特的商业目的。故选C项。 3．What does Branson think is the most important in life? A．Achieving business success. B．Receiving care from others. C．Becoming rich at a young age. D．Getting happiness from success. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。由最后一段第二句布兰森表达他对成功的看法和“if you get to my age in life and nobody thinks well of you...lived your life”可知，他认为生活中最重要的是收到他人的关心。故选B项。 4．What is the best title for the text? A．A Billionaire’s Definition of Success B．Whether Money Can Buy Happiness C．The Rise and Fall of a Wealthy Man D．Turning Challenges into Chances 答案　A 解析　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了亿万富翁理查德·布兰森的成功观，他认为成功无关财富，因此文章的最佳标题是“一位亿万富翁对于成功的定义”。故选A项。 B Victor E．Frankl，the author of Man’s Search for Meaning，once wrote，“Everything can be taken from a person but one thing: the last of human freedoms—to choose one’s attitude in any given set of circumstances.”Frankl was right.Attitude is a choice.You could be faced with a thousand problems，many or most over which you have absolutely no control.However，there is always one thing you are in complete and absolute control of and that is your own attitude. To be honest，it wasn’t until I was in my late 20s that I finally understood its full impact.All through my teens and into my early adult life，I can’t tell you the number of times that I heard，“Bob，if you’d just change your attitude，you would do a lot better.”At that time，I didn’t know what attitude was，let alone know how to change it! Attitude and results are inseparable.They follow one another as night follows day.One is the cause，while the other，the result.There is a term we use to distinguish this “cause and effect” relationship，which is called The Law of Cause and Effect.Simply stated，if you think in negative terms，you will get negative results; if you think in positive terms，you will achieve positive results.Some people always blame others or circumstances for their problems，while others take responsibility and make things happen.The latter are in control of their life and achieve success through their choices. You can experience that kind of life as well；you only need to decide.Dorothea Brande once said，“Act as if it were impossible to fail，” and I challenge you to do so.By simply becoming aware that you can choose your thoughts each and every day，you will change your entire outlook.You have the power to choose an abundant life，no matter what your circumstances are.Don’t wait to experience all the wonderful things the universe has in store for you.Start today by working on your attitude and welcome the abundant life that you are meant to lead. 5．What’s the main idea of paragraph 1? A．Freedom is the last thing we can control. B．Most problems in life are in our control. C．A man can lose anything but freedom. D．We can choose our attitude at any time. 答案　D 解析　段落大意题。根据第一段的“Attitude is a choice.”以及“one thing you are in complete and absolute control of and that is your own attitude”可知，本段围绕“态度完全由我们自己控制”展开。故选D。 6．Why does the author use the example of himself in paragraph 2? A．To show attitude is important to the old. B．To prove attitude changes on its own. C．To show understanding attitude takes time. D．To prove the author was very stubborn. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段首句“To be honest，it wasn’t until I was in my late 20s that I finally understood its full impact.”和末句“At that time，I didn’t know what attitude was，let alone know how to change it！”可推知，作者在第二段通过自己的例子表明理解态度需要时间。故选C。 7．What does “The Law of Cause and Effect” help readers to do? A．Understand what causes a good attitude. B．Know the benefit of choosing active attitude. C．Analyze the effect of a negative attitude. D．Understand “cause and effect”relationship better. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段的“...called The Law of Cause and Effect.Simply stated...if you think in positive terms，you will achieve positive results.”可知，了解因果定律有助于读者了解选择积极态度的好处。故选B。 8．What might be the best title for the passage? A．Attitude Is Human Freedom B．Winning Is a Matter of Control C．Attitude and Results Are Separable D．Success Begins with Positive Attitude 答案　D 解析　标题归纳题。根据最后一段的“By simply becoming aware that you can choose your thoughts each and every day，you will change your entire outlook...Start today by working on your attitude and welcome the abundant life that you are meant to lead.”以及文章内容可知，本文主要说明成功始于积极的态度。故选D。 Ⅱ.完形填空(共15题；每小题1分，共15分) Joy took Teresa’s hand in its mouth and led her to the living room.Her son，Dominic,20，lay in a chair with his eyes closed and 1 for breath.Thanks to the dog，the boy was saved again before it was too 2 . Two years ago，when Dominic met Joy，he had no idea how 3 it would become to him.Driving home，he noticed a 4 dog along the road.Without hesitation，he brought it to the vet who said the dog might not 5 the bad condition it was in.The boy left with worry. One week later，Dominic returned to the vet，only to be 6 to see the dog come closer with all its strength and 7 him like an old friend! The boy laughed.He kept the dog，named it Joy and 8 it back to health. Soon Joy had the chance to return the 9 .Dominic had his first allergy attack four months later.He suddenly 10 at the gate where Joy kept barking hard for attention until the mom rushed out in time. Since then there has been a special 11 between Dominic and Joy.The dog is gentle，sensitive and 12 ，staying close to Dominic day and night.“I can be 13 ，” his mother says，“knowing that Joy is watching over Dominic.” Her son puts it more 14 ，“Joy and I 15 each other.” 语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了一个名叫多米尼克的男孩和一只名叫乔伊的狗相互拯救的感人故事。 1．A.waved B．struggled C．hoped D．cried 答案　B 解析　wave挥手；struggle努力；hope希望；cry哭泣。根据下文中的“the boy was saved again”可推知，多米尼克闭着眼睛躺在椅子上，努力呼吸。故选B。 2．A.late B．expensive C．quick D．difficult 答案　A 解析　late迟的；expensive昂贵的；quick快速的；difficult困难的。根据“Thanks to the dog，the boy was saved again”可知，多亏了这只狗，男孩在为时已晚之前又得救了。故选A。 3．A.friendly B．lovely C．significant D．clever 答案　C 解析　friendly友好的；lovely可爱的；significant有意义的，重要的；clever聪明的。 根据上文“ Thanks to the dog，the boy was saved again before it was too .”可知，当多米尼克遇到乔伊时，他还不知道它对他来说有多么重要。故选C。 4．A.neat B．weak C．pretty D．gentle 答案　B 解析　neat整齐的；weak虚弱的；pretty漂亮的；gentle温柔的。根据下文“Without hesitation，he brought it to the vet”可知，他注意到路边有一条看起来很虚弱的狗。故选B。 5．A.recognize B．survive C．change D．expect 答案　B 解析　recognize识别；survive幸存，艰难度过；expect期望。根据“the bad condition it was in”以及下文的“The boy left with worry.”可知，兽医说这只狗在这种糟糕的情况下可能活不了。故选B。 6．A.amazed B．panicked C．encouraged D．disappointed 答案　A 解析　amazed惊讶的；panicked惊慌的；encouraged受鼓励的；disappointed失望的。根据该句中的“to see the dog come closer with all its strength and him like an old friend”可知，多米尼克回到兽医那里，这只狗使出全身的力气走近他，像老朋友一样欢迎他，这让多米尼克很惊讶。故选A。 7．A.teach B．guide C．know D．greet 答案　D 解析　guide指导；greet打招呼，欢迎。根据上文“to see the dog come closer with all its strength”可推知，狗使出全身的力气走近他，像老朋友一样欢迎他！故选D。 8．A.pushed B．repaid C．nursed D．sent 答案　C 解析　push推；repay偿还；nurse照料；send寄。根据该句中“He kept the dog”以及“back to health”可推知，多米尼克收养了这只狗，悉心照料，让它恢复了健康。故选C。 9．A.favor B．value C．patience D．praise 答案　A 解析　favor恩惠；value价值；patience耐心；praise赞扬。根据上文“He kept the dog，named it Joy and it back to health.”可知，多米尼克对乔伊很好，不久，乔伊有机会回报他对它的恩惠。故选A。 10．A.passed away B．stopped by C．fell apart D．passed out 答案　D 解析　pass away去世；stop by顺便拜访；fall apart破裂，崩溃；pass out昏倒。根据上文“Dominic had his first allergy attack four months later.”可知，多米尼克过敏发作，突然昏倒，乔伊不停地叫着以引起注意。故选D。 11．A.direction B．team C．connection D．function 答案　C 解析　direction方向；team队伍；connection联系；function功能。根据下文“The dog is gentle，sensitive and ，staying close to Dominic day and night.”可知，多米尼克和乔伊之间建立了一种特殊的联系。故选C。 12．A.protective B．comfortable C．amusing D．polite 答案　A 解析　protective保护的；comfortable舒服的；amusing有趣的；polite礼貌的。根据“gentle，sensitive”以及“staying close to Dominic day and night”可知，这只狗温柔、敏感、有保护欲，日夜不离多米尼克的身边。故选A。 13．A.at a loss B．careless C．hesitant D．at peace 答案　D 解析　at a loss不知所措；hesitant犹豫的；at peace平静，安心。根据下文“knowing that Joy is watching over Dominic”可知，有乔伊守护多米尼克，妈妈感觉心里平静，不必担心。故选D。 14．A.happily B．briefly C．frequently D．certainly 答案　B 解析　briefly简单地；frequently频繁地；certainly确切地，当然。根据下文“Joy and I each other.”可知，多米尼克用一句话简单地说明了自己和乔伊的关系。故选B。 15．A.wanted B．met C．saved D．encouraged 答案　C 解析　根据上文“Thanks to the dog，the boy was saved again before it was too .”以及“Without hesitation，he brought it to the vet”可知，乔伊和多米尼克互相拯救了对方。故选C。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $