Unit 2 Section Ⅲ Understanding ideas（Word教参）-【步步高】2024-2025学年高二英语选择性必修第一册学习笔记（外研版）

本讲义围绕“成功与坚持”主题文章，构建“速读（整体理解文意与篇章结构）→细读（深度获取细节信息）→读后（语法填空、句式分析及词块积累）”的递进式学习支架，系统梳理从文本理解到语言运用的完整脉络。 资料通过多维度阅读训练提升语言能力，如细读环节分析作家案例培养推理与概括的思维品质，语法填空和重点词块默写强化语言知识。课中助力教师分层教学，课后学生可借助话题写作、阅读理解等练习巩固，弥补知识盲点。

Section Ⅲ　Understanding ideas 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Step 1　速读——整体理解文意 Ⅰ.明文章大意 What’s the main idea of the passage? A．J.K.Rowling succeeded after a lot of failures. B．Rejected by some publishers，J.D.Salinger gave up. C．Every writer dreads the words “We regret to inform you...” D．Most writers had experienced many failures before they succeeded. 答案　D Ⅱ.悉篇章结构 Step 2　细读——深度获取细节 1．What’s the author’s intention by writing the last sentence in the first paragraph? A．To advise us to be patient. B．To show the key to success. C．To introduce the following contents. D．To show the writer’s attitude towards success. 答案　C 2．What can we conclude about J．K.Rowling from the second paragraph? A．She knew many famous writers had previously faced rejections. B．She got frustrated by the first rejection letter and gave up. C．Her first book of Harry Potter was published at the first attempt. D．She revised her first book following the advice of publishers. 答案　A 3．What is special about J．D.Salinger from other writers mentioned in this passage? A．He had faced many rejections before his novel was published. B．He once wanted to give up trying but later changed his mind. C．He worked on his novel when serving in the army. D．His novel was not popular when it was first published. 答案　C 4．Which of the following can best describe the three Brontё sisters? A．Intelligent and considerate. B．Talented and strong­minded. C．Gentle and generous. D．Wise and ambitious. 答案　B 5．What can we learn from the passage? A．Luck is everything. B．Every coin has two sides. C．Where there is a will，there is a way. D．Adjust your life goals in time when in trouble. 答案　C Step 3　读后——课文语法填空 Everyone knows that success 1.rarely(rare) happens overnight，but perhaps not many know that a lot of successful writers have previously faced rejection.Take 2.for example J．K.Rowling.After a total of twelve rejections，one publisher eventually agreed to print 500 copies of her first book，and as we know，Harry Potter became a 3.global(globe) success，with over 400 million books 4.sold(sell) and translated into more than seventy different languages.All too often writers of great works have had to face 5.criticism(criticize) along with rejection and J．D.Salinger is a good example.Despite rejections，The Catcher in the Rye was eventually published，and it became 6.an immediate best­seller.Perhaps the overall prize for perseverance should go to Brontё sisters who dreamed of 7.seeing(see) their words in print.As that was a time 8.when women were not encouraged to become writers，they wrote a book of poems under male names.Even when the book sold only two copies，they didn’t give up and started writing novels，among which many 9.are regarded(regard) as classics of world literature today.So，it seems that talent alone isn’t enough 10.to guarantee(guarantee) success.While a lot of hard work and a touch of luck play a part，perseverance is the key. Ⅰ.补句子　析结构 1．The response(respond) from a publisher comes back and the writer eagerly(eager) opens and reads it，their hearts sinking when they reach that final sentence.(P18 Para.1) 结构分析：本句是and连接的并列句。在后一个分句中，their hearts sinking是独立主格结构作伴随状语，when引导时间状语从句。 汉语翻译：出版商给了回信，作家急切地拆开来读，但读到这最后一句，心随即跌落谷底。 2．Everyone knows that success rarely(rare) happens overnight，but perhaps not many know that a lot of highly(high) successful writers have previously faced rejection(reject)．(P18 Para.1) 结构分析：本句是but连接的并列句。在前后两个分句中均含有that引导的宾语从句。 汉语翻译：大家都明白，成功不是一朝一夕可以获得的；但也许很多人都不知道，很多卓越的作家也都曾被拒稿。 3．When she received her first rejection letter，she decided that it meant(mean) she now had something in common with her favourite writers，and stuck it on her kitchen wall.(P19 Para.2) 结构分析：本句是主从复合句。when引导时间状语从句。主句中的谓语动词是decided和stuck；decided后的that引导宾语从句；该从句中的she now had something in common with her favourite writers是省略that的宾语从句。 汉语翻译：当她收到第一封拒稿信时，她决定把这看作是自己与喜爱的作家之间有了共同之处，并把这封信贴在厨房的墙上。 4．...as we know，Harry Potter became a global success，with over 400 million books sold(sell) and translated into more than seventy different languages.(P19 Para.2) 结构分析：本句是主从复合句。as引导非限制性定语从句，主句中包含一个with复合结构作状语，其构成是“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”。 汉语翻译：我们都知道，《哈利•波特》后来在全球大获成功，销量超过4亿册，被翻译成了70多种不同的语言。 5．When it was eventually published，the book became an immediate best­seller(立刻成为畅销书) and went on to sell(sell) millions and millions of copies.(P19 Para.3) 结构分析：本句是主从复合句。When引导时间状语从句，主句中的and并列两个谓语动词became和went。 汉语翻译：最终，这本书一经出版，便立刻成为畅销书，卖出了上千万册。 6．This，however，was a time when women were not encouraged to become(become) writers.(P20 Para.4) 结构分析：本句是主从复合句。when引导定语从句，修饰先行词time。 汉语翻译：然而，这是一个不鼓励女性成为作家的时代。 7．In fact，it is within the pages of Jane Eyre that we can find these words.(P20 Para.4) 结构分析：本句属于强调句型，强调了状语within the pages of Jane Eyre。 汉语翻译：其实，这正印证了我们在《简•爱》中读到的这些话。 8．While a lot of hard work and a touch of luck play a part(起作用)，perseverance is the key.(P20 Para.5) 结构分析：本句是主从复合句。While引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管”。 汉语翻译：不懈的努力和一点点运气固然很重要，但坚持不懈才是关键。 Ⅱ.研典句　学用法 get＋宾语＋宾补 J．D.Salinger started writing short stories in high school，but later struggled to get his works published.(P19 Para.3) J．D.塞林格从高中时就开始写短篇小说了，但之后他的作品却难以发表。 结构分析：本句中的get his works published是“get＋宾语＋宾补”结构。此处是过去分词作宾补，表示被动。 “get＋宾语＋宾补”的常见结构： get＋宾语＋doing “让某人或物持续做……” get＋宾语＋done “使某物被……” get＋宾语＋to do “让某人或物去做某事” get＋宾语＋adj. “使某人或物处于某种状态” (1)太乱了！你最好保持你房间里的所有东西干干净净。 What a mess！You’d better get everything in your room clean. (2)这个男孩很快就去医院检查了他受伤的腿。 The boy soon went to the hospital and got his injured leg examined. (3)如果你英语不好，你可以让你哥哥帮助你。 If you are weak in English，you can get your brother to help you. 祈使句＋and＋陈述句 Keep trying and eventually you will read the words “We are delighted to inform you...”(P20 Para.5) 坚持下去，你终会收到这样的回复：“我们高兴地通知您……” 结构分析：本句是“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”句型。其中祈使句相当于一个if引导的条件状语从句，and之后的句子相当于主句。 基本句型有： •祈使句＋and＋陈述句＝If＋肯定条件句＋主句 •祈使句＋or/or else/otherwise＋陈述句＝If＋否定条件句＋主句 •名词词组＋and＋陈述句 (1)Start out right away，or/otherwise you will miss the last train. (2)Give me a chance，and I’ll give you a wonderful surprise. →If you give me a chance，I’ll give you a wonderful surprise. (3)多危险啊！再往前走一步，孩子就会掉进井里。 How dangerous it is！One more step，and the baby will fall into the well. (4)多参加志愿者活动，它能使你成为更好的人。 Take part in more volunteer activities，and it can make you a better person. 课文重点词块默写 1．遗憾要做某事regret to do sth 2．害怕做某事dread doing sth 3．某人情绪低落，心情沉重one’s heart sinks 4．以某人/某物为例take for example sb/sth/take sb/sth for example 5．回绝信a rejection letter 6．有很多共同之处have much/a lot in common 7．把……粘贴在……stick sth on 8．靠……生存 survive on 9．拒绝某人 turn sb down 10．总共a total of 11．有太多时候all too often 12．努力去做……；挣扎着做……struggle to do 13．让别人做某事；让某事被做get/have sth done 14．从事……；致力于……work on 15．由某人得到；授予某人go to sb 16．在……书里within the pages of 17．被认为是……be regarded as 18．一点运气a touch of luck 训练3　Understanding ideas(A) 分值：40分 Ⅰ.单句写作(话题写作之正确的人生态度)(共15分) 1．曾经有一段时间，我对写作很感兴趣，并梦想将来成为一名作家。(There was a time when...) There was a time when I was interested in writing and dreamed of being a writer in the future. 2．尽管我夜以继日地努力写作，我却一再被拒绝。(while引导让步状语从句) While I worked hard day and night on my writing，I was faced with many rejections. 3．被拒绝了太多次，我终于失去了信心，把所有的作品都付之一炬。(get＋宾语＋宾补) Having been turned down too many times，I lost heart and got all my works burned. 4．直到我和我的文学老师进行了一次谈话，我才决定继续我的梦想。(强调句型) It was not until I had a conversation with my literature teacher that I decided to carry on my dream. 5．他告诉我的是，坚持下去，你最终会成功的。(祈使句＋and＋陈述句) What he told me was that just keep on，and you would succeed in the end. 组句成篇　以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。 There was a time when I was interested in writing and dreamed of being a writer in the future.However，while I worked hard day and night on my writing，I was faced with many rejections from publishers，which made my heart sink deeply.Having been turned down too many times，I finally lost heart and got all my works burned. It was not until I had a conversation with my literature teacher that I decided to carry on my dream. What he told me was that just keep on，and you would succeed in the end.With his encouragement and guidance，I stuck to my dream，and finally achieved what I wanted. Ⅱ.阅读理解(共4题；每小题2.5分，共10分) Herbert George Wells was born in England in 1866.He did not come from a rich family.His parents had a small shop but it was not successful and closed when he was thirteen.He worked at different times in a clothes shop and a chemist’s.He always read a lot and later managed to get a place at a science college.After he left there he became a teacher，but he was badly hurt while playing football and this meant that he could not continue.He then worked in London，writing for newspapers and doing some teaching of small groups.None of this made him much money. The Time Machine was his first fictional work.It appeared in weekly parts in a magazine in 1894 and as a book the following year.At the time，Wells was married to his second wife and was trying to support both her and her mother.He needed to make money，so he wrote it quite quickly.Although he was never really happy with the finished book，it was a great success and allowed him to continue as a writer. It is not easy for us to understand how different this book was from others of the time.It is the first real science fiction book.It introduces the readers to the idea of time as the fourth dimension，with the three dimensions of space ten years before Einstein made it part of scientific thinking.Wells also describes a simple mechanical answer to the problem of time travel—a time machine.Nobody had ever described time travel in a machine before，and the words “time machine” entered the English language. After the great success of this book，Wells wrote more science fiction.His most famous books are The Island of Dr. Moreau(1896)，The Invisible Man(1897)，The War of the Worlds(1898) and The First Men in the Moon(1901)．All of them have been filmed，some more than once.H.G.Wells died in London in 1946. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了著名作家赫伯特·乔治·威尔斯的生平，包括其人生经历、作品等。 1．Why did Wells begin to write for newspapers in London? A．He wanted to make more money. B．He was never happy with his former job. C．He was seriously injured in sport. D．His second wife asked him to do so. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中“After he left there he became a teacher，but he was badly hurt while playing football and this meant that he could not continue.He then worked in London，writing for newspapers and doing some teaching of small groups.”可知，他之所以开始为报纸撰稿是因为他在运动中受伤，所以只能放弃教师这份工作。故选C。 2．What can we learn about The Time Machine? A．It was Wells’ most famous work. B．It first appeared as a book. C．Wells was very satisfied with it. D．Its success helped to support Wells’ family. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段第三、四、五句可知，《时间机器》虽然未能让威尔斯满意，却使他赚了钱，养活了家人。故选D。 3．How different was The Time Machine from other books of the time? A．It introduced the idea of three dimensions of space. B．It first described time travel in a machine. C．Readers felt it easier to read and understand. D．It was the first fiction book in the world. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中“Wells also describes a simple mechanical answer to the problem of time travel—a time machine.Nobody had ever described time travel in a machine before”可知，这本书在当时的独特之处在于首次描述了乘坐机器进行时间旅行。故选B。 4．What is the writing purpose of the passage? A．To introduce Wells’ life experiences and his works. B．To describe the plot of The Time Machine. C．To convince readers that Wells was a good writer. D．To illustrate the great and famous works of Wells. 答案　A 解析　写作意图题。通读全文尤其根据第一段内容、第二段中的“The Time Machine was his first fictional work.”以及最后一段中“After the great success of this book，Wells wrote more science fiction.”可推知，文章的目的是介绍威尔斯的人生经历以及作品。故选A。 Ⅲ.完形填空(共15题；每小题1分，共15分) (2024·河北保定高二期末) My daughter and her husband rented a house without furniture.Soon after that，they saw a sofa 1 for free that was about 45 minutes from where they live.The ad said whoever 2 arrived there would get it.They were the first but it was too 3 to fit in all in one go.They were 4 for a while. Then an old man from across the road 5 with a tape measure(卷尺) and a couple of oranges from his 6 to give them.The tape measure showed there was no 7 to load it in the truck.They would have to make two 8 .The old man said he would 9 it with a sheet and make sure no one took the other part.When they returned，he said someone else had tried to get it but he had 10 them. Then this man told his story.He came from a poor country and grew up with a dirt floor,6 siblings(兄弟姐妹) and no 11 .People often forgot how 12 it was for young people starting out，but he 13 them for seizing the available opportunities.Besides the oranges from his yard，this old man also 14 them $50 and suggested spending it doing something nice for themselves and others.The 15 of this old man had my daughter in tears when she told the story to me. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的女儿在捡沙发时遇到一位陌生老人，这位老人的慷慨帮助使人分外感动。 1．A.advertised B．deserted C．thrown D．exhibited 答案　A 解析　advertise为……打广告；desert遗弃；throw抛出；exhibit展出。由后文“The ad” 可知，这里应指作者的女儿看到一则宣传沙发的广告。故选A。 2．A.suddenly B．first C．really D．always 答案　B 解析　suddenly突然地；first第一；really真正地；always总是。由后文“They were the first”可知，广告说谁“第一个”到谁就能得到沙发。故选B。 3．A.big B．old C．heavy D．complex 答案　A 解析　big大的；old旧的；heavy重的；complex复杂的。由后文“The tape measure showed there was no to load it in the truck.”可知，沙发太“大”了，不能一次装走。故选A。 4．A.explaining B．arguing C．struggling D．repairing 答案　C 解析　由前文“They were the first but it was too to fit in all in one go.”可知，他们努力着想要把沙发运走。故选C。 5．A.fell down B．went away C．checked in D．came out 答案　D 解析　fall down摔倒；go away离开；check in入住；come out出来。由前文“from across the road”以及语境可知，老人是从马路对面走“出来”的。故选D。 6．A.truck B．store C．garden D．kitchen 答案　C 解析　truck卡车；store商店；garden花园；kitchen厨房。由后文“Besides the oranges from his yard”可知，这些橘子来自老人的“花园”。故选C。 7．A.way B．sign C．proof D．rule 答案　A 解析　way方法；sign符号；proof证明；rule规则。由后文“They would have to make two .”可知，他们“不可能”把沙发一次性装上卡车。no way表示“没有办法，不可能”，符合语境。故选A。 8．A.rounds B．trips C．rescues D．decisions 答案　B 解析　round轮次；trip出行；rescue救援；decision决定。由前文“The tape measure showed there was no to load it in the truck.”可知，他们需要两次“出行”才能运走沙发。故选B。 9．A.hide B．decorate C．cover D．clean 答案　C 解析　hide隐藏；decorate装饰；cover覆盖；clean清洁。由后文“with a sheet”可知，老人准备用床单“盖住”沙发。故选C。 10．A.defeated B．introduced C．attacked D．prevented 答案　D 解析　defeat打败；introduce引入；attack攻击；prevent阻止。由上文“someone else had tried to get it”以及but表转折可知，老人“阻止了”他们。故选D。 11．A.money B．chances C．relatives D．reputation 答案　A 解析　money钱；chance机会；relative亲属；reputation名誉。由前文“a poor country”可知，家里应该是没“钱”的。故选A。 12．A.natural B．respectable C．sudden D．difficult 答案　D 解析　natural天然的；respectable可敬的；sudden突然的；difficult困难的。由上下文可推知，年轻人刚开始是很“困难的”。故选D。 13．A.punished B．thanked C．admired D．forgave 答案　C 解析　punish惩罚；thank感谢；admire钦佩；forgive原谅。由前文“People often forgot...”以及but表转折可知，人们常常忘记年轻人刚开始是很困难的，但这位老人很“钦佩”年轻人抓住可获得的机会。故选C。 14．A.promised B．showed C．lent D．gave 答案　D 解析　promise答应；show显示；lend借出；give给。由第二段中“oranges from his to give them”以及前文“Besides the oranges from his yard”可知，除了橘子，老人还“给”他们钱了。故选D。 15．A.reason B．kindness C．recognition D．knowledge 答案　B 解析　reason原因；kindness善良；recognition识别；knowledge知识。由前文“Besides the oranges from his yard，this old man also them $50”可知，给他们橘子和钱都是老人的“善举”，这让作者的女儿很感动。故选B。 训练4　Understanding ideas(B) 分值：32.5分 Ⅰ.阅读理解(共8题；每小题2.5分，共20分) A Many people，some even at a very young age，set the goal of graduating from college.One American woman in Texas waited a long time for her chance to reach that goal. The woman,85-year-old Janet Fein，received her bachelor’s degree(学士学位) from the University of Texas in December,2018. Fein has had a full life.She raised five children and then had a career as a secretary(秘书) until she retired at age 77.But even then，she was not ready to take it easy and rest during a well-earned retirement.She decided to major in sociology(社会学)． Fein grew up in the Bronx area of New York City.In high school，she just wanted to finish and get a job.After graduating early，at the age of 16，she went to work as a secretary. After getting married，she spent 18 years staying home with her children.She held several jobs throughout her life，including being a secretary at a Dallas hospital.That is the job she retired from in 2011.She received an associate degree(专科学位) in 1995.But she also wanted to earn a bachelor’s degree.Fein took part in a state program that lets people who are 65 and older take free classes at public universities in Texas. She kept going to class even as her health condition worsened.During her studies，it became necessary for her to use a walker to get around and she needed oxygen(氧气) too.She also developed knee problems.So，Fein took online classes to finish the last part of her degree requirements. Renee Brown is one of Fein’s care-givers.She says Fein has also inspired her.At 53，she plans to begin nursing school to further her career.Brown says Fein told her，“Renee，you can do it.If I can do it you also can do it，and you will feel so good about it.” 语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章记叙了Janet Fein一生坚持不懈地学习直到85岁从得克萨斯大学获得学士学位的故事。 1．When did Janet Fein start to work? A．In 1933. B．In 1995. C．In 1949. D．In 2012. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段可知Janet Fein出生于1933年，且根据第四段“After graduating early，at the age of 16，she went to work as a secretary.”可知，她在16岁时开始工作，当时是1933＋16＝1949年。故选C。 2．What does she study for her bachelor’s degree? A．Sociology. B．Secretary. C．History. D．Health. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“She decided to major in sociology(社会学)．”可知，她攻读社会学学士学位。故选A。 3．What does the underlined word “inspired” probably mean in the last paragraph? A．Shocked. B．Disappointed. C．Employed. D．Encouraged. 答案　D 解析　词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的“At 53，she plans to begin nursing school to further her career.”可知，是Janet Fein鼓舞了她继续学习，故可推测画线单词意思为“鼓舞；鼓励”，故选D。 4．What can we learn from Janet Fein’s story? A．Practice makes perfect. B．It is never too late to learn. C．A friend in need is a friend indeed. D．When in Rome，do as the Romans do. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段以及全文记叙了Janet Fein一生坚持不懈地学习直到85岁的故事可知，她的故事告诉我们“活到老，学到老”的哲理。故选B。 B When John was growing up，other kids felt sorry for him.His parents always had him weeding the garden，carrying out the garbage and delivering newspapers.But when John reached adulthood，he was better off than his childhood playmates.He had more job satisfaction，a better marriage and was healthier.Most of all，he was happier.Far happier. These are the findings of a 40-year study that followed the lives of 456 teenage boys from Boston.The study showed that those who had worked as boys enjoyed happier and more productive lives than those who had not.“Boys who worked in the home or community gained competence and came to feel they were worthwhile members of society，” said George Vaillant，the psychologist who made the discovery.“And because they felt good about themselves，others felt good about them.” Vaillant’s study followed these males in great detail.Interviews were repeated at ages 25,31 and 47.Under Vaillant，the researchers compared the men’s mental-health scores with their boyhood-activity scores.Points were awarded for part-time jobs，housework，effort in school，and ability to deal with problems. The link between what the men had done as boys and how they turned out as adults was surprisingly sharp.Those who had done the most boyhood activities were twice as likely to have warm relations with a wide variety of people，five times as likely to be well paid and 16 times less likely to have been unemployed.The researchers also found that IQ and family social and economic class made no real difference in how the boys turned out. Working at any age is important.Childhood activities help a child develop responsibility，independence，confidence and competence—the underpinnings(基础) of emotional health.They also help him understand that people must cooperate and work toward common goals.The most competent adults are those who know how to do this.Yet work isn’t everything.As Tolstoy once said，“One can live magnificently in this world if one knows how to work and how to love，to work for the person one loves and to love one’s work.” 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章通过John的例子并结合一个研究说明童年时期劳动的男孩子长大后会更快乐、更成功。 5．What do we know about John? A．He enjoyed his career and marriage. B．He had few childhood playmates. C．He received little love from his family. D．He was envied by others in his childhood. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据首段倒数第三句“He had more job satisfaction，a better marriage and was healthier.”可知，他享受自己的事业和婚姻。故选A。 6．What do Vaillant’s words in paragraph 2 serve as? A．A description of personal values and social values. B．An analysis of how work was related to competence. C．An example for parents’ expectations of their children. D．An explanation of why some boys grew into happy men. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句以及Vaillant的话可知，Vaillant的话解释了为什么小时候劳动的男孩会长成快乐的男人——他们获得了能力，觉得自己是有价值的社会成员，对自己感觉良好，别人也对他们印象不错。故选D。 7．What does the underlined word “sharp” probably mean in paragraph 4? A．Quick to react. B．Having a thin edge. C．Clear and definite. D．Sudden and rapid. 答案　C 解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“Those who had done the most boyhood activities...16 times less likely to have been unemployed.”可知，男性小时候的所作所为与成年后的境遇之间的联系是很清晰明确的。所以，画线词表示“清晰明确的”。故选C。 8．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．Competent adults know more about love than work. B．Emotional health is essential to a wonderful adult life. C．Love brings more joy to people than work does. D．Independence is the key to one’s success. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Childhood activities help a child develop responsibility...The most competent adults are those who know how to do this.”可推知，童年时期通过活动发展的情感健康对美好的成年生活至关重要。故选B。 Ⅱ.七选五(共5题；每小题2.5分，共12.5分) Be a Responsible Camper Being a responsible camper is about more than just respecting your neighbors and observing the boundaries set by campsites. 1 Please keep sustainable camping guidelines in mind while planning a trip into the great outdoors. Leave no trace. 2 Follow the principles: “take only pictures，leave only footprints”．Most “leave no trace” principles focus on reducing our impact on the natural environment.Following the same rules for hiking and other outdoor activities is one of the best ways to show your respect for a natural destination. 3 Harmful sunscreen chemicals can pollute bodies of water and may take many years to break down in the natural environment，so be mindful of what you put on your bodies before jumping into that lake. Respect the wildlife.If you’re camping in a popular area with plenty of people around，it’s easy to forget that you’re actually sharing space with wild animal habitats.Sometimes，too much interaction with people can disturb the natural balance and make animals more aggressive or lead to more human-wildlife conflicts.Try to keep all of your food out of reach from wildlife. 4 Practice fire safety.While this is especially relevant on the west coast of the United States，where wildfire season is most threatening，fire safety should always be a top priority while camping. 5 In areas known for having greater fire danger，it pays to have a shovel(铲子) or a bucket of water handy to take care of any runaway flames. A．Aim for zero waste. B．Keep waterways clean. C．Only build fires in fixed sites or rings. D．And most importantly，remember never to feed wild animals. E．Taking your campsite off the beaten path may sound adventurous. F．Always leave your campsite the same as or better than you found it. G．It’s about having the lowest impact possible on the surrounding environment. 1．答案　G 解析　根据上文“Being a responsible camper is about more than just”可知，一个负责任的露营者除了要尊重邻居和遵守营地界限外，还需要有更高的要求，G项“It’s about having the lowest impact possible ...”承接上文，且与上文的句式相同，符合语境。故选G。 2．答案　F 解析　主旨句“Leave no trace.”提出露营后不留痕迹。F项“Always leave your campsite the same as or better than you found it.”要求露营者离开时，让营地与来时一样或甚至更好，照应本段主题，强调不留痕迹。故选F。 3．答案　B 解析　设空句是段首主旨句，根据本段下文内容可知，本段强调不要污染水体，B项“Keep waterways clean.”与下文内容一致，符合语境。故选B。 4．答案　D 解析　上文“Try to keep all of your food out of reach from wildlife.”提到不要把食物放在野生动物够得着的地方，D项“And most importantly，remember never to feed wild animals.”承接上文，进一步强调不要投喂野生动物，与上文语意一致。故选D。 5．答案　C 解析　上文“While this is...fire safety should always be a top priority while camping.”讲野外露营的消防安全问题，C项“Only build fires in fixed sites or rings.”与消防安全相关，符合语境。故选C。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $