Unit 2 Section Ⅲ Grammar and usage（Word教参）-【步步高】2024-2025学年高二英语选择性必修第一册学习笔记（译林版）

Section Ⅲ　Grammar and usage—Verb-ing forms as subjects and objects 阅读以下短文，感知加黑部分，并分析其所作成分 The angry mother shouted to the boy in a loud voice，“What’s up? You were absent from class again! ” Lowering his head，Bob responded at once，“①Sorry，mom，but I can’t resist going to the music concert held in the city hall.”Hearing this，the mother flushed with anger and screamed，“②As a student，studying is your first task.” ③Bob nodded his head and begged for his mother’s forgiveness for his being absent from class.“④It is no good doing something meaningless.Only if you put your heart into study will you have a bright future，” the mother warned. 1．句①中going to the music concert为动词-ing形式作宾语。 2．句②中studying为动词-ing形式作主语。 3．句③中 his being absent from class为动词-ing形式作宾语。 4．句④中It作形式主语，doing something meaningless为动词-ing形式作真正的主语。 一、动词-ing形式作主语 1．动词-ing形式作主语时，往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作，通常置于句首。 Working under these conditions is not a delightful but an unbearable thing. 在这种条件下工作不是一件愉快的事，而是一件难以忍受的事。 Having a walk every day helps to make one keep healthy.每天散步有助于人们保持健康。 Wasting a person’s time is the same as killing him for his property. 浪费别人的时间无异于谋财害命。 注意：(1)不定式作主语表示具体的或一次性的动作。 Singing is my hobby，and to sing at my friend’s birthday party is my dream. 唱歌是我的爱好，在朋友的生日宴会上唱歌是我的梦想。 (2)动名词(短语)作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 Climbing mountains is really difficult for the old.对于老人来说爬山确实困难。 2．形式主语it代替动词-ing形式作主语。 此类句式常见的有： It’s a waste of time doing sth. 做某事是浪费时间。 It’s useless/worthwhile doing sth. 做某事没用/是值得的。 It’s no good/use/fun doing sth. 做某事没好处/没用/没意思。 It is no good waiting for other people to make decisions for you. 等待别人为你做决定是没好处的。 It is a waste of time persuading such a stubborn person to join us. 劝说如此固执的一个人加入我们是浪费时间。 Just as the saying goes，it is no use crying over spilt milk.正如俗话所说：覆水难收。 It is worthwhile reading such a wonderful novel a second time.这么好的小说很值得再读一遍。 二、动词-ing形式作宾语 1．作动词的宾语 常接动词-ing形式作宾语的动词可用下面的口诀帮助记忆： 避免错过少延期(avoid，miss，postpone) 建议完成多练习(advise/suggest，finish，practise) 喜欢想象禁不住(enjoy/like，imagine，can’t help) 承认否定与嫉妒(admit，deny，envy) 逃避冒险莫原谅(escape，risk，excuse) 忍受保持不介意(stand，keep，mind) Would you mind opening the window? 你介意打开窗子吗？ I don’t like watching television but I enjoy listening to the radio. 我不喜欢看电视，但是喜欢听收音机。 He tried to avoid answering my questions. 他试图对我的问题避而不答。 She can’t stand being looked down upon in public.她忍受不了当众被人看不起。 2．作介词的宾语 常见的接动词-ing形式作宾语的动词短语有dream of/about，insist on，object to，be good at，be fond of，lead to，put off，give up，look forward to，feel like，be devoted to，get/be used to，pay attention to，care about，be concerned about，be interested in，think of，aim at，set about，get down to，stick to等。 He insisted on doing it in his own way. 他坚持要按照自己的方法做。 I dream of sailing around the world and leading a happy life. 我梦想着环游世界，过上幸福的生活。 Because of the bad weather，they have to give up going hiking tomorrow. 因为天气不好，他们不得不放弃明天去远足。 She has been looking forward to having a chance to pay a visit to Zhangjiajie. 她一直盼望有机会去张家界看看。 3．在以下结构中，动词-ing形式作介词的宾语，介词常省略： spend...(in) doing sth 花费……做某事 have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth 做……有困难/麻烦 prohibit/stop/prevent...(from) doing sth 阻止……做某事 waste time (in) doing sth 浪费时间做某事 be busy (in) doing sth 忙于做某事 have a good/hard time (in) doing sth 高兴做某事/费了很大劲做某事 There is no point (in) doing sth. 做某事毫无意义。 He is always busy working every day，which has made him have little time to play with his child. 他每天总是忙于工作，这使他很少有时间和孩子一起玩。 Now that we have finished our work，there is no point staying any longer. 既然我们已经完成了工作，再待下去就没有意义了。 4．有些动词如start，begin，continue等后面既可接动词-ing形式也可接不定式作宾语，两者意义区别不大。 They continued working/to work as if nothing had happened. 他们继续工作，就像什么也没发生过。 5．有些动词(短语)后跟不定式或动词-ing形式作宾语均可，但含义不同，常见的有： 动词(短语) 宾语的形式 意义 forget to do 忘记去做…… doing 忘记做过…… remember to do 记着要去做…… doing 记得做过…… regret to do 遗憾/抱歉要做…… doing 后悔做了…… try to do 尽力做…… doing 尝试做…… mean to do 打算做…… doing 意味着…… go on to do 接着做(另外一件事) doing 接着做(同一件事) stop to do 停下来去做…… doing 停止做…… Please remember to give my best regards to your family.请记着代我向你的家人问好。 I still remember visiting the museum for the first time.我仍记得第一次参观博物馆的情景。 三、动词-ing形式的否定形式 动词-ing形式的否定形式通常是在其前加not，带有逻辑主语时not应放在逻辑主语和动词-ing形式之间。 You have no excuse for not going. 你没有理由不去。 He was punished for not having finished his homework.他因未完成作业而受到惩罚。 四、动词-ing形式的复合结构 动词-ing形式的复合结构由物主代词或人称代词宾格、名词所有格或普通格加动词-ing，即“sb/sb’s＋doing”构成。动词-ing形式的复合结构实际上是给动词-ing形式加了一个逻辑主语。 1．动词-ing形式的复合结构作主语 ①肯定形式：形容词性物主代词/名词的所有格＋doing... ②否定形式：形容词性物主代词/名词的所有格＋not doing... His/Tom’s coming to visit is a great encouragement to us.他的/汤姆的来访对我们来说是极大的鼓励。 Jerry’s not arriving on time made the people present angry.杰瑞未能按时到达令在场的人很生气。 2．动词-ing形式的复合结构作宾语 ①肯定形式： ＋动词-ing形式 Would you mind my/me closing the window? 你介意我关上窗户吗？ Would you mind Mary’s/Mary closing the window？你介意玛丽关上窗户吗？ ②否定形式：形容词性物主代词/代词宾格/名词/名词的所有格＋not doing... 五、动词-ing的被动形式作主语和宾语 Being invited to the party was a great honour to the family. 被邀请参加晚会对这家人来说是莫大的荣幸。 Not being allowed to go out makes him very angry.不被允许出去使他非常生气。 While shopping women sometimes can’t help being persuaded into buying more clothes than necessary.在购物时，女性有时会禁不住被劝说购买更多不必要的衣服。 To avoid being seen by the teacher，Tony stole into the classroom by the back door. 为了避免被老师看见，托尼从后门偷偷溜进了教室。 注意：下列动词可接动词-ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义，相当于不定式的被动形式： need/want/require/deserve doing＝need/want/require/deserve to be done The bike needs repairing/to be repaired. 这辆自行车需要修理。 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．Jack couldn’t resist playing(play) computer games in his spare time. 2．He didn’t mind her(she) crying，which made their relationship fall apart. 3．As soon as they arrived at the farm，they got down to picking(pick) peaches. 4．It is no good associating(associate) with such a person，who is so selfish. 5．Many people have suggested setting(set) up more theme parks to protect rare animals. 6．Memorizing more words and expressions is(be) of vital importance to English learning. 7．What made her parents excited was her being admitted(admit) to her dream university. 8．Being brought(bring) up in a poor family made Tom very hard-working when he was very young. 9．It is well worth cycling(cycle) along the route，which will reward you with breathtaking scenery. 10．For a lot of people，becoming(become) a millionaire is a symbol of success and they set this as their ultimate goal. Ⅱ.完成下列语段，尽可能多地使用本单元语法 随着晚会的进行，话题转到了即将到来的节日。毫无疑问谈论圣诞节使每个人异常激动。然而，置身新环境里使Kelly完全沉默了，一种失落感向她袭来。Jennifer意识到发生了什么，这驱使她问道：“Kelly，泰国人在这个时候庆祝什么？”其他孩子忍不住非常好奇地问她。“为感谢水之母而庆祝一个大型的节日是我们通常所做的。”Jennifer想出一个好主意，她的眼睛闪烁着兴奋的光芒。 “我们一起庆祝这个节日一定会玩得很开心。”朋友们的陪伴使得Kelly的乡愁消散了。 As the party went on，the topic turned to the coming festival.1.There was no doubt that talking about Christmas made everyone extremely excited.However,2.being in a new environment made Kelly totally silent，a sense of loss creeping up on her.3.Jennifer’s being aware of what happened drove her to ask，“Kelly，what do Thai people celebrate at this time？” The other kids 4.couldn’t resist asking her with overwhelming curiosity.“5.Celebrating a grand festival to thank the Mother of Water is what we usually do.” A good idea occurred to Jennifer，with her eyes twinkling with excitement.“We are bound to 6.have a good time (in) celebrating the festival together.” 7.Being accompanied by friends made Kelly’s homesickness melt away. 训练5　Grammar and usage—Verb-ing forms as subjects and objects(A)　[分值：58分] Ⅱ.单句语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分) 1．I regret to tell you that I forgot to tell(tell) him the news. 2．He couldn’t help weeping(weep) when enjoying the blues. 3．Keep in mind that it is no good reciting(recite) without understanding. 4．It is essential for us to use(use) clone and artificial intelligence in a proper way. 5．The young students are so energetic that I enjoy being surrounded(surround) by them. 6．A foreign language needs practising/to be practised(practise) frequently to be mastered. 7．You can’t imagine what difficulty we had walking(walk) home in the snowstorm. 8．As we all know，combining(combine) theory with practice will achieve dramatic results. 9．Being exposed(expose) to loud music for a long time will have a negative effect on your hearing. 10．He was tired of being regarded(regard) as living a successful life，as a person who had everything while many people had nothing. Ⅱ.单句写作(共6小题；每小题3分，共18分) 1．我期待在您方便的时候早日收到您的回复。 I am looking forward to receiving your early reply at your convenience. 2．不可否认的是经常锻炼和保持均衡的饮食对我们的健康非常有益处。 There is no denying that exercising regularly and keeping a balanced diet are of great benefit to our health. 3．自从他退休以来他就一直梦想着沿丝绸之路旅行。 He has been dreaming of traveling along the Silk Road since he retired. 4．在森林里迷路使简后悔与她的丈夫吵架。 Being lost in the forest made Jane regret quarrelling with her husband. 5．只要我们放下手机，开始花时间和家人在一起，我们就永远不会让家人失望。 As long as we put aside our cellphones and get down to spending time with our family，we will never let our family down. 6．许多学生在高考前的焦虑使家长和老师都非常担心。 Many students’ being anxious before the college entrance examination makes both parents and teachers extremely concerned. Ⅲ.阅读理解(共4小题；每小题2.5分，共10分) Recently，Google researchers published a paper describing results from an artificial intelligence(AI) tool，called MusicLM，built to create music.It is not the first AI music tool to launch.But the examples Google provides demonstrate musical creative ability based on a limited set of descriptive words.AI shows how complex(复杂的) computer systems have been trained to behave in human-like ways.Google engineers explain the MusicLM system this way： First，a user comes up with a word or words that describe the kind of music they want the tool to create.For example，a user could enter this short phrase into the system: “a continuous calming violin backed by a soft guitar sound”．The descriptions entered can include different music styles，instruments or other existing sounds.Several different music examples produced by MusicLM were published online.Some of the generated music came from just one-or-two-word descriptions，such as “jazz”，or “techno”．The system created other examples from more detailed descriptions containing whole sentences.In the resulting recording，the music seems to keep very close to the description.The team said that the more detailed the description is，the better the system can attempt to produce it. In addition to generating new music from written descriptions，the team said the system can also create examples based on a person’s own singing，whistling or playing an instrument.The researchers said the tool “produces high-quality music...over several minutes，while being faithful to the text conditioning signal”． Although MusicLM hasn’t been released for public use，Google announced it was releasing a “high-quality dataset” of more than 5,500 music-writing pairs prepared by professional musicians called MusicCaps.The researchers took that step to assist in the development of other AI music generators. The MusicLM researchers said they believe they have designed a new tool to help anyone quickly and easily create high-quality music selections.However，the team said it also recognizes some risks linked to the machine learning process. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了谷歌开发的名为MusicLM的人工智能工具，该工具可以根据书面描述创作音乐。 1．Which instruction may help create the most accurate music by MusicLM? A．Rock and roll. B．A piano piece to uplift one’s spirits. C．Eastern music. D．A mixed sound of guitar and violin. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“The team said that the more detailed the description is，the better the system can attempt to produce it.”可知，描述越详细，系统越能更好地尝试生成音乐，结合选项可推知，B项(一首振奋精神的钢琴曲)描述得最详细。故选B。 2．Why did Google release the MusicCaps dataset? A．To allow the public to use MusicLM. B．To display the capabilities of MusicLM. C．To help develop other AI music generators. D．To promote the MusicCaps music-writing service. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Google announced it was releasing a ‘high-quality dataset’．..The researchers took that step to assist in the development of other AI music generators”可知，谷歌发布MusicCaps数据集是为了帮助开发其他AI音乐生成器。故选C。 3．What will be probably talked about following the last paragraph? A．Problems about the new tool. B．Advantages of using MusicLM. C．Background of the research team. D．Application of AI technology. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“However，the team said it also recognizes some risks linked to the machine learning process.”可知，最后一段提到了与机器学习过程相关的一些风险，所以可推知，接下来应该是讨论具体的风险有哪些。故选A。 4．What is the main idea of the passage? A．MusicCaps behaves in human-like ways. B．AI makes music accessible to ordinary people. C．Musicians recognize the true value of MusicLM. D．MusicLM creates music from written descriptions. 答案　D 解析　主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段第一句、第三句以及第二段内容可知，本文主要讲述了MusicLM可以根据书面描述创作音乐。故选D。 Ⅳ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分) A helper to a composer makes the composer’s work 1. (easy)．Composers，especially those who work on music，require lots of additional labor 2. (complete) their job.Most employ(雇用) a small team that works out of their home or professional studio.In this team，the composer’s helper is the most important member who 3. (do) whatever is necessary to support the composer. It usually falls to the composer’s helper to keep the studio running 4. (smooth)．This might mean updating audio software，organizing files，etc.Ambitious helpers should expect early mornings，and late nights，especially when a deadline 5. (approach)． 6． (work) as a composer’s helper is considered the first step toward a career as a composer.Most helpers 7. (treat) as employees first，with the expectation that they will create 8. developed team. The position of a helper is fairly unlikely to be advertised 9. traditional job websites.It might be a matter of creating a position rather than finding one.An excellent composer’s helper should reach out to an experienced composer 10. work he appreciates and improve the composer’s process. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作曲家的助手的工作内容及意义。 1．答案　easier 解析　考查形容词比较级。根据句意可知，助手的帮助会让作曲家的工作变得更容易，所以此处应用形容词的比较级。故填easier。 2．答案　to complete 解析　考查非谓语动词。require sb/sth to do sth，固定搭配。故填to complete。 3．答案　does 解析　考查动词时态和主谓一致。who指代先行词member，是第三人称单数，在定语从句中作主语，故谓语动词用单数；描述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故填does。 4．答案　smoothly 解析　考查副词。此处应用副词修饰动词running。故填smoothly。 5．答案　is approaching 解析　考查动词时态和主谓一致。when引导时间状语从句，从句缺少谓语动词；主语a deadline是第三人称单数，故谓语动词也用单数形式；结合句意可知，此处应用现在进行时表示将来。故填is approaching。 6．答案　Working 解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句子缺少主语，且此处表示“作为作曲家的助手工作”，应用动名词作主语，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Working。 7．答案　are treated 解析　考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，此处是谓语动词，主语Most helpers为复数，和谓语treat之间是被动关系，且此处描述客观事实，故用一般现在时的被动语态，助动词应用are。故填are treated。 8．答案　a 解析　考查冠词。team是单数可数名词，此处表泛指，前面用不定冠词，且developed的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。 9．答案　on 解析　考查介词。此处指“在……网站上”，用介词on。故填on。 10．答案　whose 解析　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，composer是先行词，指人，空处在定语从句中作work的定语，应用whose引导定语从句。故填whose。 训练6　Grammar and usage—Verb-ing forms as subjects and objects(B)　[分值：35分] Ⅰ.阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，共20分) A Being called “nerd(书呆子，宅人)” was a bad thing in the past. That is happily different now，says Sarah Jane，director at the Port Angeles Fine Arts Center，which is home to the exhibit “Obsessed：The Art of Nerd-dom” through March 15.“I think the majority of my friends are nerdier than I am，” she said，“and I mean that in a ‘my friends are cooler than I am’ kind of way.” Jane said the development of the Internet certainly helped blossom(兴旺)，connecting people with shared interests across geographies.Now，it’s almost mainstream—exhibitions of nerd culture(宅文化) fill convention halls，comic book superheroes and science fiction stories are the focus of blockbuster(重磅) movies，and more. “It has made being a nerd less of an isolating experience，and more of a community experience because you’re connecting with other people who have that shared interest，” she said. Holladay，the co-curator(副馆长)，spoke up in a meeting about what the coming exhibition season would look like.“I knew of another nerdy exhibition that had happened in LA recently...and I just thought ‘you know，I bet there are nerdy artists on the(Olympic)Peninsula and in Washington who have really quality work，where the subject matter might not fit into most exhibits’，” she said. And she wasn’t surprised when they received plenty of recommendations.“My theory was that nerds are everywhere，” she said.“Once I got in touch with the right people，everyone was coming out of the woodwork.” The exhibit features comic art，and things like Pokemon cards arranged in a collage(拼贴画)．One work invites viewers to imagine the unique talents and abilities they have as superpowers they bring to the world.Holladay says the evolution of the idea of nerd culture has been positive over the past several years. 语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了宅文化展览的兴起。 1．What is Sarah Jane’s attitude towards “nerds”？ A．Anxious. B．Critical. C．Appreciative. D．Uncaring. 答案　C 解析　观点态度题。根据第二段中“‘I think the majority of my friends are nerdier than I am，’ she said，‘and I mean that in a ‘my friends are cooler than I am’ kind of way.’”可知，Sarah Jane对于“宅人”的态度是欣赏的。故选C。 2．Which of the following contributes most to the popularity of nerd culture? A．People’s varying views of nerd. B．Movies’ great influence upon people. C．The sufferings people have gone through. D．The Internet connecting people with shared interests. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段“Jane said the development of the Internet...science fiction stories are the focus of blockbuster(重磅) movies，and more.”可知，互联网将有共同兴趣爱好的人们联系在一起，这促进了宅文化的流行。故选D。 3．What does the underlined expression “coming out of the woodwork” mean? A．Springing out. B．Getting out of the woods. C．Rushing outside. D．Expecting high quality of work. 答案　A 解析　词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段中的“And she wasn’t surprised when they received plenty of recommendations.‘My theory was that nerds are everywhere，’ she said.”可知，她对于收到大量的推荐并不觉得吃惊，且她认为宅人无处不在，结合上文提到的互联网将有共同爱好的人们联系在一起可推知，一旦她与合适的人取得联系，所有人就会出现，故画线短语意为“出现”。故选A。 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．The exhibition shows how being a “nerd” becomes good. B．The nerd culture is always evolving negatively. C．Many unusual exhibitions are scheduled. D．Another different culture appears recently. 答案　A 解析　主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段和最后一段可知，文章主要讲述了宅文化展览展示了“宅”如何成为人们所欣赏的一种文化。故选A。 B In 2014，Xu Yitang，a Beijing native who had been studying Peking Opera since childhood，went with friends for a birthday celebration to Beijing Zoo.Little did he know that a chance encounter at the aquarium there would excite a lifelong passion.As Xu Yitang stared at corals bathed in tank’s light，a sense of wonder crowded into his mind.Lost in the beauty and mystery of the creatures，he spent the entire afternoon in front of it.After that，he began to frequent the local market to learn about coral farming from merchants who sell ornamental plants，fish and corals.He also searched for information on relevant forums online.Before long，he had set up a small fish tank at home and started cultivating a coral. Nowadays，Xu Yitang，who has moved to the tropical island of South China’s Hainan Province，works for a Sanya-based tropical biological laboratory belonging to the Chinese Academy of Sciences.Each day，he spends several hours diving deep under the waves to observe and document the growth and development of the creatures that captured his heart all those years ago.Nicknamed “coral man”，he is actively engaged on such social media platforms as Sina Weibo，where he regularly shares visually beautiful photos and entertaining videos of corals.He aims to encourage individuals to take action in protecting coral reefs and the oceans as a whole from the destructive impact of climate change and human activities. Unfortunately，with the strengthening of the greenhouse effect，rising sea temperatures have led to coral bleaching(白化) and decay.A coral reef’s beautiful colors come from the symbiotic algae(共生藻类) zooxanthellae that provide more than 90 percent of the energy through photosynthesis(光合作用)．Coral bleaching occurs when coral expels the algae and dies due to the lack of nutrients. In the laboratory，he would film educational videos to raise awareness and knowledge about corals，so that people can learn how to protect them effectively. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了珊瑚保护者徐一唐的故事，还介绍了珊瑚白化现象以及其原因。 5．What changed Xu Yitang’s career choice? A．Frequenting the local market. B．Setting up a small fish tank at home. C．Having an encounter at the aquarium. D．Observing coral growth and development. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中“Little did he know that a chance encounter at the aquarium there would excite a lifelong passion.”可知，在水族馆的一次偶遇对他的职业选择产生了巨大的影响。故选C。 6．What can we infer from paragraph 2? A．Xu is a diver in the lab. B．Xu is a coral conservationist. C．Xu spends few hours on his work every day. D．Xu shares his videos for corals through social media platforms. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中“He aims to encourage individuals to take action in protecting coral reefs and the oceans as a whole from the destructive impact of climate change and human activities.”可知，徐一唐鼓励人们采取行动保护珊瑚礁和整个海洋体系，由此推断出他是一名珊瑚保护者。故选B。 7．What caused coral bleaching? A．Rising sea temperatures. B．Lots of nutrients in the water. C．Coral farming practices. D．Lack of sunlight in deep waters. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中“Unfortunately，with the strengthening of the greenhouse effect，rising sea temperatures have led to coral bleaching(白化) and decay.”可知，随着温室效应的加强，海洋温度的上升导致了珊瑚的白化和腐烂。故选A。 8．How does Xu feel about his job now? A．Critical. B．Indifferent. C．Objective. D．Enthusiastic. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据第一段中“Little did he know that a chance encounter at the aquarium there would excite a lifelong passion.”以及第二段中“Each day，he spends several hours diving deep under the waves...entertaining videos of corals.”可知，他对珊瑚保护事业有着长久的热情，为此投入很多时间和精力，因此推断他对这项工作是充满热情的。故选D。 Ⅱ.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，共15分) Joy took Teresa’s hand in its mouth and led her to the living room.Her son，Dominic,20，lay in a chair with his eyes closed and 1 for breath.Thanks to the dog，the boy was saved again before it was too 2 . Two years ago，when Dominic met Joy，he had no idea how 3 it would become to him.Driving home，he noticed a 4 dog along the road.Without hesitation，he brought it to the vet who said the dog might not 5 the bad condition it was in.The boy left with worry. One week later，Dominic returned to the vet，only to be 6 to see the dog come closer with all its strength and 7 him like an old friend! The boy laughed.He kept the dog，named it Joy and 8 it back to health. Soon Joy had the chance to return the 9 .Dominic had his first allergy attack four months later.He suddenly 10 at the gate where Joy kept barking hard for attention until the mom rushed out in time. Since then there has been a special 11 between Dominic and Joy.The dog is gentle，sensitive and 12 ，staying close to Dominic day and night.“I can be 13 ，” his mother says，“knowing that Joy is watching over Dominic.” Her son puts it more 14 ，“Joy and I 15 each other.” 语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了一个名叫多米尼克的男孩和一只名叫乔伊的狗相互拯救的感人故事。 1．A.waved B．struggled C．hoped D．cried 答案　B 解析　wave挥手；struggle努力；hope希望；cry哭泣。根据下文中的“the boy was saved again”可推知，多米尼克闭着眼睛躺在椅子上，努力呼吸。故选B。 2．A.late B．expensive C．quick D．difficult 答案　A 解析　late迟的；expensive昂贵的；quick快速的；difficult困难的。根据“Thanks to the dog，the boy was saved again”可知，多亏了这只狗，男孩在为时已晚之前又得救了。故选A。 3．A.friendly B．lovely C．significant D．clever 答案　C 解析　friendly友好的；lovely可爱的；significant有意义的，重要的；clever聪明的。 根据上文“ Thanks to the dog，the boy was saved again before it was too .”可知，当多米尼克遇到乔伊时，他还不知道它对他来说有多么重要。故选C。 4．A.neat B．weak C．pretty D．gentle 答案　B 解析　neat整齐的；weak虚弱的；pretty漂亮的；gentle温柔的。根据下文“Without hesitation，he brought it to the vet”可知，他注意到路边有一条看起来很虚弱的狗。故选B。 5．A.recognize B．survive C．change D．expect 答案　B 解析　recognize识别；survive幸存，艰难度过；expect期望。根据“the bad condition it was in”以及下文的“The boy left with worry.”可知，兽医说这只狗在这种糟糕的情况下可能活不了。故选B。 6．A.amazed B．panicked C．encouraged D．disappointed 答案　A 解析　amazed惊讶的；panicked惊慌的；encouraged受鼓励的；disappointed失望的。根据该句中的“to see the dog come closer with all its strength and him like an old friend”可知，多米尼克回到兽医那里，这只狗使出全身的力气走近他，像老朋友一样欢迎他，这让多米尼克很惊讶。故选A。 7．A.teach B．guide C．know D．greet 答案　D 解析　guide指导；greet打招呼，欢迎。根据上文“to see the dog come closer with all its strength”可推知，狗使出全身的力气走近他，像老朋友一样欢迎他！故选D。 8．A.pushed B．repaid C．nursed D．sent 答案　C 解析　push推；repay偿还；nurse照料；send寄。根据该句中“He kept the dog”以及“back to health”可推知，多米尼克收养了这只狗，悉心照料，让它恢复了健康。故选C。 9．A.favor B．value C．patience D．praise 答案　A 解析　favor恩惠；value价值；patience耐心；praise赞扬。根据上文“He kept the dog，named it Joy and it back to health.”可知，多米尼克对乔伊很好，不久，乔伊有机会回报他对它的恩惠。故选A。 10．A.passed away B．stopped by C．fell apart D．passed out 答案　D 解析　pass away去世；stop by顺便拜访；fall apart破裂，崩溃；pass out昏倒。根据上文“Dominic had his first allergy attack four months later.”可知，多米尼克过敏发作，突然昏倒，乔伊不停地叫着以引起注意。故选D。 11．A.direction B．team C．connection D．function 答案　C 解析　direction方向；team队伍；connection联系；function功能。根据下文“The dog is gentle，sensitive and ，staying close to Dominic day and night.”可知，多米尼克和乔伊之间建立了一种特殊的联系。故选C。 12．A.protective B．comfortable C．amusing D．polite 答案　A 解析　protective保护的；comfortable舒服的；amusing有趣的；polite礼貌的。根据“gentle，sensitive”以及“staying close to Dominic day and night”可知，这只狗温柔、敏感、有保护欲，日夜不离多米尼克的身边。故选A。 13．A.at a loss B．careless C．hesitant D．at peace 答案　D 解析　at a loss不知所措；hesitant犹豫的；at peace平静，安心。根据下文“knowing that Joy is watching over Dominic”可知，有乔伊守护多米尼克，妈妈感觉心里平静，不必担心。故选D。 14．A.happily B．briefly C．frequently D．certainly 答案　B 解析　briefly简单地；frequently频繁地；certainly确切地，当然。根据下文“Joy and I each other.”可知，多米尼克用一句话简单地说明了自己和乔伊的关系。故选B。 15．A.wanted B．met C．saved D．encouraged 答案　C 解析　根据上文“Thanks to the dog，the boy was saved again before it was too .”以及“Without hesitation，he brought it to the vet”可知，乔伊和多米尼克互相拯救了对方。故选C。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $