UNIT 2 Section Ⅱ Lesson 1 Money vs Success（Word教参）-【步步高】2024-2025学年高二英语选择性必修第一册学习笔记（北师大版）

本讲义以“金钱与成功”为主题，围绕阅读理解策略与语言知识应用构建学习支架。通过速读整体理解文意、细读深度获取细节，引导学生从宏观到微观把握语篇，再通过读后语法填空、词汇拓展（如fortune, appreciate）及句型分析（如what引导主语从句、not...but...结构），实现阅读技能到语言运用能力的递进。 资料特色在于分层任务设计与核心素养融合。速读与细读环节培养学生信息筛选与深度理解能力（语言能力），Jason Harley的案例分析引导学生辩证思考成功的多元定义，提升批判性思维（思维品质）。语法与词汇部分结合语境实例（如v.-ing形式作主语、宾语），辅以多样化练习（单句填空、语篇写作），课中助力教师分层教学，课后帮助学生自主巩固，弥补知识盲点（学习能力）。

Section Ⅱ　Lesson 1　Money vs Success Step 1　速读——整体理解文意 Ⅰ.明文章大意 What is the main idea of the passage? A．Angela Johnson wanted to find out whether money was a symbol of success. B．Angela Johnson wondered what other forms of success could be found. C．Jason Harley，a millionaire was tired of living a rich and fulfilled life. D．Jason Harley，an ex-millionaire was pleased to give up the lifestyle of a rich man. 答案　D Ⅱ.悉篇章结构 Step 2　细读——深度获取细节 1．What does the example of Jason Harley show? A．People can find other forms of success without money. B．If you can dream it，you can do it. C．A rich man can find happiness by giving all his wealth away to charities. D．Some people will continue to be concerned about money after they become millionaires. 答案　A 2．What was the sign for Jason Harley to be a millionaire sixteen years ago? A．He was a college professor. B．He had a huge six-bedroom house and a fortune of 2 million dollars. C．He worked hard to get money. D．He turned his back on his money. 答案　B 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? A．Jason Harley doesn’t have any new furniture in his dormitory room. B．Jason Harley is making a living by growing vegetables and flowers now. C．Jason Harley can only afford cheap things now. D．Jason Harley is now living in a small dormitory room with a big garden. 答案　A 4．How did Jason Harley deal with his huge amounts of money? A．He gave it away to his children. B．He gave it away to local poor people. C．He gave it away to hungry people in the world. D．He gave it away to charities. 答案　D 5．How does Jason Harley think about his present life? A．Tiring and worrying. B．Funny and enjoyable. C．Free and happy. D．Challenging and hard. 答案　C Step 3　读后——课文语法填空 A lot of people are 1.determined(determine) to become millionaires.They think about all the things they 2.will do(do) once they become rich.3.Actually(actual)，some millionaires continue to be worried about money，so they work hard 4.to make(make) sure they will never lose it.However，there are some people 5.who give up their money to find other forms of success.Jason Harley is one example. Jason Harley was a millionaire sixteen years ago，but he was tired of 6.being(be) a person who had everything in a world where many people had nothing.So he gave all his money away to 7.charities(charity)．Jason now lives in a small dormitory room where there is only second-hand furniture.Though he has given away all his money，he lives 8.a happier life than before.When 9.asked(ask) whether there were any things he missed，he replied that success was not measured by how much money you had 10.but by how you understood the true meaning of life. 1．They spend half of their time dreaming(dream) up ways of getting rich and achieving the success they expect，and the rest of their time thinking about all the things they will do once they become rich.(P30 Para.1) 结构分析：此句话为主从复合句。句中they expect是定语从句，先行词为success；they will do 是定语从句，先行词为things。 汉语翻译：他们花一半时间想象各种发财和达到他们期望的成功的办法，另一半时间则用来考虑一旦发了财他们会干什么。 2．However，there are people who have turned their backs on their millions and found other forms(form) of success in their lives.(P30 Para.1) 结构分析：此句话为并列复合句，其中who引导的是定语从句，先行词为people，and连接从句中的两个并列谓语动词。 汉语翻译：然而有些人却放弃了百万家财，找到了人生中其他形式的成功。 3．There are certainly no signs that Jason is a rich and successful(success) man！(P30 Para.2) 结构分析：此句话为复合句，其中that引导的是同位语从句。 汉语翻译：显然没有迹象能表明詹森是一个富有而成功的人！ 4．There is a small garden outside with a few fruit trees，which Jason enjoys taking(take) care of.(P30 Para.2) 结构分析：此句话为复合句。主句是There be...句型，which引导的是非限制性定语从句。 汉语翻译：房子外面有一个小花园，种了几棵果树，詹森很喜欢侍弄它们。 5．A few years ago，I was a millionaire，but I knew millions of people died of hunger every year，and there were(be) places with no schools and no teachers.(P31 Para.4) 结构分析：此句话为并列句，由but 和and连接。 汉语翻译：几年前，我是百万富翁，但我知道每年有数百万人死于饥饿，而且有些地方没有学校和老师。 6．Whenever he had more than two thousand dollars，he would give away small bank notes to homeless people in the streets of local areas.(P31 Para.5) 结构分析： 此句话为主从复合句。句中Whenever引导让步状语从句。 汉语翻译： 每当他的钱超过两千美元时，他就会给当地街头无家可归的人赠送小额钞票。 7．Jason Harley decided to drop(drop) out of this kind of lifestyle，and he discovered that having only a little money made him free.(P31 Para.6) 结构分析：此句话为并列复合句，由and 连接。在第二个分句中that引导宾语从句，having only a little money为动名词短语作主语。 汉语翻译： 詹森·哈利决定放弃这种生活方式，他发现只拥有少量的金钱使他获得了自由。 fortune n．大笔的钱，巨款；命运(fortunate adj.幸运的；侥幸的 fortunately adv.幸运地 unfortunate adj.不幸的) •seek/try one’s fortune找出路；碰运气 make a fortune发财；赚钱 have the good fortune to do sth 有幸做某事 •It is fortunate that...幸运的是…… be fortunate to do...有幸做…… (1)My nephew decided to try his fortune in New York and ultimately made a fortune there. (2)I am fortunate to live(live) in a dormitory where everyone gets along well with others. [写作佳句] (3)(传统文化之节日介绍)在中国，新年孩子们会收到象征好运的红包，预示着他们可能会在很多方面有幸获得成功。 In China，children are given money in a red envelope symbolizing good fortune in the New Year，which indicates that they may have the good fortune to succeed in many ways. appreciate vt.欣赏；赏识(appreciative adj.感激的；赏识的；有欣赏力的 appreciation n．欣赏；感激；理解) appreciate doing...欣赏/感激做…… I would appreciate it if...假如……我将不胜感激。 (1)The new employees appreciate being given(give) the opportunity to work with the famous professor. (2)I’m writing to sincerely express my appreciation(appreciate) for what you have done for me during my stay in your dormitory. [写作佳句] (3)(应用文写作之申请信)如果您能考虑我的申请，我将不胜感激。 I would appreciate it if you could take my application into account. give away 赠送；泄露 give up 放弃 give in (to)(向……)屈服，让步 give off 发出；放出(光、热、气体等) give back 归还 give out 用光，耗尽；分发 give sb a hand帮某人一个忙 (1)Although he didn’t admit that he had cheated in the exam，his facial expression gave him away. (2)On the edge of the jacket，there is a piece of cloth which gives off light in the dark. [写作佳句] (3)(2021·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)看到这对双胞胎失望的脸庞，爸爸乐意帮助他们做早餐，并且温柔地轻声说道：“亲爱的孩子们，不要向困难屈服。” Seeing the twins’ disappointed faces，the father willingly gave them a hand to cook breakfast and whispered gently，“My dear children，don’t give in to the difficulty.” (4)(读后续写之情感描写)简的精力已经耗尽了。她的脚像灌了铅一样沉重，她瘫坐在树旁，不由自主地哭了起来。 Jane’s energy had given out.Her feet felt as heavy as lead and she slumped beside a tree，weeping without control. what 引导主语从句 What I want is to live simply and be helpful to others.我想要简单地生活并能帮助别人。(P31 Para.4) 结构分析：本句是复合句。what 引导主语从句，在从句中作宾语。 ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— what引导名词性从句时，在从句中充当句子成分(主要作主语、表语和宾语)。可以译成多种意思：……的东西或事情；……的人或样子；……的数量或数目；……的时间；……的地方等。 ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— (1)(2022·全国甲，书面表达)我们应该关注的是我们应该为海洋保护做什么而不是仅仅喊口号。 What we should focus on/concentrate on is what we should do for ocean protection instead of just shouting slogans. (2)(应用文写作之活动类)在他生动的介绍之后，让我们印象深刻的是袁隆平为养活地球人民所做的巨大努力。 After his vivid introduction，what struck/impressed us deeply was the great efforts that Yuan Longping made to feed people on Earth. (3)(2020·浙江1月，读后续写)我们的狗有了一个新的玩伴，不再是过去的样子了。 Having a new playmate，our dog wasn’t what she used to be. not...but... Success is not measured by how much money you have but by how you understand the true meaning of life.(P31 Para.6) 衡量成功与否不在于有多少金钱，而在于如何理解生命的真正意义。 结构分析：本句是复合句。how much 和how引导的是宾语从句。 ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— not...but...连接两个平行成分，当连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数按就近原则确定。 有类似用法的还有：not only...but also...，either...or...，neither...nor...等。 ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— (1)(记叙文之写人)使他与众不同的不是他的外表，而是他的品质。 What sets him apart from others is not his appearance but his qualities. (2)他的儿子不用功学习英语，而是逃课，这使他勃然大怒。 His son is not applying himself to studying English but skipping classes，which makes him boil with anger. (3)(读后续写之助人型主旨句)一个小小的善行，不管对接受者还是施予者，都是一份祝福。 One simple act of kindness is a blessing for not only the receiver but also the giver. (4)坦率地说，不是汤姆，而是他的父母对网络课程很感兴趣。 To be frank，not Tom but his parents are enthusiastic about the online courses. 阅读以下短文，感知黑体部分的句子，并回答其后的问题。 (1)Starring in this film made Julia a well-known actress all over the country.Julia once led a poor life，but she never gave up her dream of (2)being a film star.She kept (3)overcoming difficulties and finally got a chance to act in a film.Her performance was so (4)entertaining that all the audience were astonished at her gift for the performance.In one of the films she starred in，she played the part of a poor girl who couldn’t stand (5)being looked down upon.She struggled to win respect and love of others.Her performance was so (6)convincing that people thought the film was a reflection of her story. 1．句(1)为动名词作主语。 2．句(2)、(3)和(5)均是动名词作宾语，句(2)中动名词作介词宾语，句(3)和(5)中动名词作动词宾语。 3．句(4)和(6)中动词-ing形式作表语。 v．-ing形式 v.-ing形式是英语中非谓语动词的重要组成部分，可以在句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和补语等。此处重点讲解其作主语、宾语和表语的三种情况。 一、v.-ing形式作主语 1．v.-ing形式作主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作。 Lacking work experience made the new teacher have a hard time. 缺乏工作经验让这位新教师过得很艰难。 Playing basketball is one of my favorite sports. 打篮球是我最喜欢的运动之一。 2．v.-ing形式作主语有时也可以用it作形式主语。 用it作形式主语代替v.-ing形式，常出现在It is no use/good/pleasure/...doing sth；It is useless doing sth；It’s a waste of time doing sth等几种句式中。 It is no use crying over the spilt milk. 覆水难收。 It is really a waste of time chatting online. 在网上聊天真的是浪费时间。 3．v.-ing形式作主语泛指经常性的动作，而不定式作主语多表示特指的、一次性的、具体的动作。 Being invited to the palace ball made her excited.被邀请参加宫廷舞会使得她非常兴奋。 To be invited to the palace ball would be exciting.受邀参加这次宫廷舞会将是令人兴奋的事。 4．单个v.-ing形式作主语，谓语动词一般用单数形式。 Planting many trees is very good for our environment.植树对我们的环境非常有好处。 二、v.-ing形式作宾语 v．-ing形式作宾语分为两种情况，一种是作及物动词的宾语，另一种是作介词的宾语。 1．牢记下列常用v.-ing形式作宾语的动词：admit，appreciate，avoid，consider(考虑)，delay，enjoy，escape，imagine，mind，practise，risk，suggest，mention，miss，finish，keep，stand，allow，advise，permit等。 The teacher advised practising reading after the tape to improve my pronunciation. 老师建议跟着磁带读以提高我的发音。 2．一般只能接v.-ing形式作宾语的动词短语有：can’t help，end up，feel like，be busy (in)，prevent/stop/keep...from...，devote...to，look forward to，pay attention to，be accustomed to，get down to，stick to，lead to，object to等。 Many educationalists object to searching for answers through some apps. 许多教育家反对通过一些应用程序来搜索答案。 3．动词need，require，want意为“需要”时，后跟v.-ing形式的主动式或不定式的被动式作宾语，意义没有区别。 My cellphone needs repairing/to be repaired. 我的手机需要修理。 4．在有些动词如：start，begin，continue等词的后面，既可接v.-ing形式也可接不定式作宾语，两者意义区别不大。 They continued working/to work as if nothing had happened. 他们继续工作，似乎什么也没发生过。 5．在love，hate，prefer，like等动词后接v.-ing形式作宾语指经常性的动作，用不定式作宾语指具体的动作。 He preferred staying in the house when it rained.下雨时他宁愿待在家里。(用v.-ing形式作宾语，指每逢下雨都待在家里) I prefer to stay at home this afternoon. 今天下午我宁愿留在家里。(用动词不定式作宾语，表示今天下午留在家里这一具体的动作) 6．有些动词和动词短语后跟动词不定式或v.-ing形式作宾语皆可，但含义不同。常见的有： 动词(短语) 宾语的形式 意义 forget to do 忘记去做…… doing 忘记做过…… remember to do 记着要去做…… doing 记得做过…… regret to do 遗憾/抱歉要做…… doing 后悔做了…… try to do 尽力/努力做…… doing 尝试做…… mean to do 打算做…… doing 意味着…… stop to do 停下来去做(另外一件事) doing 停止做(同一件事) go on to do 接着做(另外一件事) doing 接着做(同一件事) Please remember to give my best regards to your family.请记着代我向你的家人问好。 I still remember visiting the museum for the first time.我仍记得第一次参观博物馆的情景。 He means to write a book about his life experiences.他打算写一本有关他人生经历的书。 Missing the train means waiting for another hour.错过了这班火车就意味着要再等一个小时。 三、v.-ing形式作表语 作表语的v.-ing形式包括现在分词和动名词。 1．现在分词作表语，往往具有形容词的性质，用来说明主语的性质、特征等。作表语的现在分词，许多是由能够表示人们某种感情或情绪的动词变化而来的。常见的有：moving，interesting，encouraging，exciting，inspiring，boring，surprising，puzzling，amusing，astonishing等。这类分词表示“令人……的”，常修饰物。 The argument is very convincing. 这个论点很令人信服。 Your speech is very interesting and encouraging.你的演讲很有趣，也很鼓舞人心。 注意：不定式和v.-ed形式也可作表语，但不定式通常强调一次性的、具体的、将要发生的动作；v.-ed形式作表语表示外因使之具备的性质和特征，意为“感到……的”，常修饰人。 My wish is to find a part-time job this summer. 我的愿望就是今年夏天能找到一份兼职工作。 I was disappointed at this decision. 我对这个决定感到失望。 2．动名词作表语多表示抽象性的或习惯性的动作，一般说明主语的内容。 Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible. ＝Keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible is her job. 她的工作是尽量使报告厅保持干净。 四、v.-ing形式的否定形式 v.-ing形式的否定形式通常是在其前加not，带有逻辑主语时not应放在逻辑主语和v.-ing形式之间。 He was punished for not having finished his homework.他因未完成作业而受到惩罚。 His not coming added to our difficulty. 他没来，这增加了我们的困难。 五、v.-ing形式的复合结构 v.-ing形式的复合结构由物主代词或人称代词宾格、名词所有格或普通格加v.-ing，即“sb/sb’s＋doing”构成。v.-ing形式的复合结构实际上是给v.-ing形式加了一个逻辑主语。v.-ing形式的复合结构有四种形式： 1．形容词性物主代词＋v.-ing 2．名词所有格＋v.-ing 3．名词＋v.-ing 4．人称代词宾格＋v.-ing Her coming to help encouraged all of us. 她来帮忙鼓舞了我们所有人。 Can you imagine his/him/Jack’s/Jack cooking at home？你能想象他/杰克在家做饭的样子吗？ 注意：(1)v.-ing形式的复合结构可在句中作主语或宾语。作主语时，不能用第3、4两种形式。 (2)无生命名词无论是作主语还是作宾语都不能用第2种形式。 Tom’s winning first prize last year impressed me a lot.汤姆去年得了一等奖使我印象深刻。 The baby was made awake by the door suddenly shutting.这个婴儿被突然的关门声吵醒了。 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．It’s no pleasure spending(spend) the holiday just at home. 2．By comparison，his worst habit is watching(watch) TV all night on weekends. 3．All the educationalists try their best to prevent the students from being appealed(appeal) to online games. 4．It is well worth cycling(cycle) along the route，which will reward you with breathtaking scenery. 5．It is important for us to use(use) clone and artificial intelligence in a proper way. 6．What the journalist said at the meeting sounded more convincing(convince)． 7．The employees still remember visiting(visit) the company for the first time. 8．What made her parents incredible was her being admitted(admit) to her dream university. 9．There were many people waiting at the bus stop，and some of them looked very anxious and disappointed(disappoint)． 10．Reading(read) is necessary for you to expand your knowledge. Ⅱ.完成句子 1．由于天气不好，他们不得不推迟举行体育运动会。 They had to delay holding the sports meeting on account of the bad weather. 2．大家都知道，她的爱好是晚饭后出去散步。 As we all know，her hobby is going out for a walk after supper. 3．跟他争论没用，我们应该再仔细考虑一下。 It’s no use arguing with him，so we should think it over. 4．有的时候放弃一些可能意味着得到更多。 Sometimes giving up a little can mean getting more. 5．我很感激您帮助我克服如此多的困难。 I was grateful to you for helping me overcome so many difficulties. Ⅲ.阅读下面短文，根据语境填空 随着晚会的进行，话题转到了即将到来的节日。他们喜欢谈论圣诞节，每个人都很激动。然而，置身新环境里使Kelly完全沉默了，一种失落感悄悄向她袭来。Jennifer意识到发生了什么，这驱使她问道：“Kelly，泰国人通常庆祝什么节日？”其他孩子非常好奇地看着她。“泼水节是我们最为重要的节日。”Jennifer想出一个好主意，她的眼睛闪烁着兴奋的光芒。 “让我们期待一下一起体验这个美丽的节日吧。”朋友的帮助使Kelly感动得哭了，她的思乡之情消失了。 As the party went on，the topic turned to the coming festivals.1.They liked/were fond of talking about Christmas，and everyone was extremely excited.However，Kelly was totally silent because of 2.being in a new environment，a sense of loss creeping up on her.3.Jennifer’s being aware of what happened drove her to ask，“Kelly，what festivals do Thai people usually celebrate？” The other kids all stared at her with overwhelming curiosity.“The Songkran Festival is our most important festival.”A good idea occurred to Jennifer，with her eyes twinkling with excitement.“Let’s look forward to 4.experiencing the beautiful festival together.” 5.Being helped by her friends moved Kelly to tears and her homesickness melted away. 训练3　Lesson 1(A) [分值：50分] Ⅰ.单词拼写(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分) 1．Though the millionaire has lots of money，he is not optimistic about life. 2．The professor gave up high salaries in a college and chose to live a simple life. 3．Red roses are a symbol of love in many cultures. 4．Only by struggling with persistence and commitment can you realize your ultimate goal. 5. Hosting the birthday party for my nephew cost me a good fortune. 6．There isn’t a piece of decent furniture(家具) in the employee’s house. 7．When I came into the dorm，my friend Mary was appreciating(欣赏) classical music. 8．The official felt depressed when knowing some people are still suffering from hunger. 9．I felt guilty for being rude to my mother yesterday afternoon. 10．The dormitory(宿舍) is like a home，giving me a sense of belonging. Ⅱ.单句写作(课文佳句仿写)(满分15分) 1．在任何情况下，我都不会向困难屈服，因为我总是坚定而乐观的。(give in to) In no case will I give in to difficulties，because I am always determined and optimistic. 2．重要的不是冠军称号，而是参与者在比赛过程中所表现出的决心。(not...but...) What matters is not the title of championship but the determination that participants show during the race. 3．老实说，很幸运下个月我有机会参加比赛。(it is fortunate that...) To be honest，it is fortunate that I have the opportunity to participate in the competition next month. 4．我应该关注的是如何在这么短的时间内做好充分的准备。(what 引导主语从句) What I should focus on is how to get fully prepared during such a short time. 5．如果你能为我提供一些专业指导，我将不胜感激。(appreciate) I would appreciate it if you could give me some professional guidance. 组句成篇　以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。 参考范文 In no case will I give in to difficulties，because I am always determined and optimistic.In my opinion，for the participants，what matters is not the title of championship but the determination that they show during the race.To be honest，it is fortunate that I have the opportunity to participate in the competition next month.I wonder what I should focus on is how to get fully prepared during such a short time.I would appreciate it if you could give me some professional guidance. Ⅲ.阅读理解(共4小题；每小题2.5分，满分10分) The Oxford dictionary defines the word “success” as “an accomplishment of an aim” and “attaining fame，social status(地位) or wealth”．Is this how we measure success in life? If you are rich，you’ll have people say “you have everything” or “you’re already successful in life” or a similar statement that means you have money and are well settled.There are many people who feel this way，while there are many who feel that success is not just having a lot of money. The thing is，your concept of success is connected to your beliefs and values，and if your values tell you that success in life means money，then there is nothing that will change your mind.On the other hand，if your value system says that having money，stability，peace，happiness and contentment in your life are equally important，then you have an entirely different idea of success in life.There are a lot of people in this world that are wealthy.However，they are unhappy.There are a lot of people who do not make a lot of money，but are happy with what they have. There are different kinds of people in the world，and each one has a different view on what being successful really is about.Here are a few common opinions about success. •Success in life means having money. •Success in life means winning games or competitions. •Success in life means achieving your goal. •Success in life means getting the job you wanted. •Success in life means owning a nice house，a good car and having all the costly comforts life has to offer. •Success in life means being famous. •Success in life means having influence，power and control. •Success in life means being free from insecurities，fears and wants. The one thing that is common to the statements above is that they include accomplishment，attainment and fulfillment(实现)．Another thing is that it’s something you yearn for or that gives you an unspoken advantage over others. 语篇解读　这是一篇议论文。文章通过引用不同的观点来阐释成功的含义。 1．Why is the definition of success in the Oxford dictionary mentioned in paragraph 1? A．To make practical suggestions. B．To lead in the topic for discussion. C．To clarify the exact meaning of success. D．To compare different ideas about success. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。由第一段首句并结合后文作者展开对成功定义的阐述可知，第一段提到牛津词典对成功的定义是为了引入文章讨论的主题。故选B。 2．What can be inferred from paragraph 2? A．One’s value system matters a lot. B．One should be grateful for what he has. C．Success determines one’s beliefs and values. D．Happy people are more likely to obtain success. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。由第二段的“The thing is，your concept of success is connected to your beliefs and values，and if your values tell you that success in life means money...”可知，一个人的价值观对定义什么是成功至关重要。故选A。 3．What does the underlined phrase “yearn for” in the last paragraph mean? A．Choose. B．Lack. C．Desire. D．Achieve. 答案　C 解析　词义猜测题。由最后一段“The one thing that...above is that they include accomplishment，attainment and fulfillment(实现)．Another thing is that it’s something you yearn for or that...”可知，成就、造诣等都是人们渴望获得的，能带给人巨大的优势，推测画线短语表示“渴望”，与desire同义。故选C。 4．What’s the best title for the text? A．What Is the Concept of Success? B．How Can Success Be Achieved in Life? C．Can Success Really Bring Money in Life? D．Does Success in Life Mean Having Money? 答案　A 解析　标题归纳题。由第一段首句以及第三段开头“...each one has a different view on what being successful really is about.”可知，文章通过引用不同的观点来阐释成功的含义，所以“成功的概念是什么？”可以作为文章标题。故选A。 Ⅳ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) has evolved over thousands of years.It is a comprehensive healthcare system 1. (root) in ancient theory and wisdom. TCM came into being in the primitive society，and its theory 2. (form) during the Spring and Autumn Period.During the Ming and Qing dynasties，doctors tended to improve it despite difficulties. 3． makes Chinese medicine distinct is its emphasis on the balance of vital energy within the body and the recognition of the body as 4. whole.In TCM，individuals often encounter a unique diagnostic approach，which involves 5. (consider) not just symptoms but also the lifestyle of the person.Chinese medicine has a wide range of treatments,6._______(include) herbal medicine，acupuncture(针灸)，and dietary therapy，to address both the symptoms and potential imbalances.In fact，TCM doesn’t only treat diseases；it promotes overall well-being by harmonizing the body，mind，and spirit.Medical 7. (professional) advocate that each individual is different，and their health conditions may originate from a 8.___________(combine) of factors. Ancient wisdom and modern research have enabled Chinese medicine to find its place alongside Western medicine,9. an increasing number of people seeking a comprehensive approach to healthcare.As Chinese medicine becomes more 10. (wide) recognized，it not only contributes to individual health but also enriches the global healthcare landscape. 语篇解读　本文为一篇说明文，介绍了中医的来源及其治疗理论等。随着中医得到广泛认可，它不仅有助于个人健康，还丰富了全球医疗保健领域。 1．答案　rooted 解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，空处作后置定语修饰system，be rooted in为固定短语，意为“根植于……”。故填rooted。 2．答案　was formed 解析　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。空处缺少动词作谓语，theory与form构成逻辑上的被动关系，应用被动语态；根据时间状语“during the Spring and Autumn Period”可知，用一般过去时；主语为单数。故填was formed。 3．答案　What 解析　考查主语从句。分析句子可知，is前面的部分为句子的主语从句，从句部分缺少主语，表示物，用连接代词what。位于句首，首字母应大写。故填What。 4．答案　a 解析　考查冠词。as a whole意为“作为一个整体”，空处缺少冠词。故填a。 5．答案　considering 解析　考查非谓语动词。involve doing sth“包含做某事”为固定搭配。故填considering。 6．答案　including 解析　考查介词。分析句子可知，空处后面为并列的名词或者名词短语表列举，空处应为介词including(包括)。故填including。 7．答案　professionals 解析　考查名词复数。空处为名词作主语，结合advocate为动词原形可知，主语为复数，表示“专业人士”。故填professionals。 8．答案　combination 解析　考查名词。空处在介词from后作宾语，且前面有a，空处用名词单数。combine对应的名词形式为combination。故填combination。 9．答案　with 解析　考查with复合结构。an increasing...people 为名词性短语，seeking...healthcare为现在分词短语，空处表示“随着”，用with构成复合结构。故填with。 10．答案　widely 解析　考查副词。空处修饰形容词recognized，用副词作状语，表示“广泛地”。故填widely。 训练4　Lesson 1(B) [分值：35分] Ⅰ.阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分) A Frederick Banting hated school.Having grown up on a farm near Alliston，Ontario，Fred was a good worker but felt uncomfortable and unaccepted in a town school.After graduation，he began studies to become a minister.When that did not go well，he changed his goal to medicine.World War Ⅰ arrived，and the great need for field medics(救护人员) resulted in the early graduation of Fred.After the war，the young Canadian doctor returned home to set up his practice.Just then he began to focus on articles on diabetes(糖尿病)，a disease that had claimed the life of a neighbour’s child. To solve the problem of this disease，Fred approached Dr.J.J.R.Macleod at the University of Toronto and eventually convinced Dr.Macleod to support him.In 1920，Fred happily entered a poorly equipped laboratory and was given a young assistant named Charles Best.Fred and Charles worked day and night，but early results in producing the hormone(激素) preparation they called insulin(胰岛素) were discouraging.Many of the animals they treated died.Finally one animal survived for several weeks.The team appeared to be finally getting somewhere，and it was time to move on to human subjects.Before treating human patients，however，Fred and Charles tested the safety of their insulin each other.Their tests were a triumph. The first patient to be treated was a fourteen-year-old boy named Leonard.The year was 1921.The poor boy weighed only seventy-five pounds，and he was barely alive.But the new insulin treatment administered by Fred and Charles was a great success.Leonard gained weight，and his health dramatically improved. In 1923，the Nobel Prize in medicine was awarded jointly to Canadian doctors Frederick Banting and J．J.R.Macleod.Fred could have made himself a millionaire with his discovery.Instead，he sold his patent for the production of insulin to the University of Toronto—for one dollar—so that the drug could be marketed cheaply and thousands of lives could be saved and improved.Thanks to Fred，diabetics are able to live normal lives where before it was impossible. Fred was just ordinary in many respects but he was a man with the strong will to get to his goal.He had the heart of a true Canadian hero. 语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了弗雷德里克·班廷在一战后投身于糖尿病研究，研制出胰岛素，却以一美元的价格卖掉了该专利，以让更多的病人得到救治。 1．What does paragraph 1 focus on? A．Why Fred graduated early. B．How Fred took up the research. C．Why Fred changed his life goal. D．What Fred experienced in the war. 答案　B 解析　段落大意题。第一段中“After graduation，he began studies to become a minister.When that did not go well，he changed his goal to medicine...Just then he began to focus on articles on diabetes(糖尿病)，a disease that had claimed the life of a neighbour’s child.”以时间顺序讲述了弗雷德毕业后的一系列发展：从想成为牧师到做了战地医生再到最后开始研究糖尿病。所以第一段重点讲述弗雷德是如何开始从事这项(糖尿病)研究的。故答案为B。 2．What does the underlined word “triumph” mean in paragraph 2? A．Victory. B．Reference. C．Challenge. D．Demonstration. 答案　A 解析　词义猜测题。画线词所在句中的Their tests指代Fred 和Charles在他们自己身上做的胰岛素试验。根据第三段中的“But the new insulin treatment administered by Fred and Charles was a great success”可知他们在自己身上的试验是成功的。故画线词是“成功”的含义。故答案为A。 3．Why did Fred sell his patent? A．To make money. B．To earn reputation. C．To benefit patients. D．To promote insulin. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Instead，he sold his patent for the production of insulin...and thousands of lives could be saved and improved.”可知弗雷德卖出专利是想让更多的病人受益。故答案为C。 4．Which of the following is probably the best title for the text? A．A Successful Test B．A Famous Scientist C．A Chance Discovery D．An Unlikely Hero 答案　D 解析　标题归纳题。通读全文尤其根据最后两段可知，文章主要讲述了弗雷德里克在战后投身于糖尿病研究，成功研制出胰岛素，本可以成为百万富翁，却以一美元的价格卖掉了该专利以让更多的病人得到救治，他在许多方面都是平凡的但他却有一颗真正的加拿大英雄的心。所以D选项“一位意想不到的英雄”最适合作为文章标题。故答案为D。 B Qian Hongyan waited on the starting block，supporting herself using her hands and torso(躯干)．When the starting signal sounded，Qian pushed herself in.She won the silver medal in the women’s 100-meter breaststroke(蛙泳) SB5 final in the 11th National Games for Persons with Disabilities held in Xi’an，Shaanxi Province in 2021. Qian，from Luliang of Yunnan Province，had both of her legs cut off after getting into an accident in 2000 when she was 4 years old.Her family was extremely poor.With little resources available，her grandfather cut up an old basketball to replace her lower body.Since then，she became well-known for moving around while balanced on an orange ball，earning her the nickname “basketball girl”． Qian’s passion for swimming dates back to 2007，when she was invited by the local disabled people’s federation to watch the 7th National Paralympic Games in Kunming，capital of Yunnan.At 11 years old，she joined the provincial swimming team for people with disabilities.However，without legs，it was difficult for Qian to keep her balance in water.“Swimming without legs is like rowing a boat without a rudder(船舵)．I tended to swing due to a poor sense of direction，” Qian said.To help her overcome the difficulty，her coach designed a special training plan for her.Every day，she practiced for at least four hours.She made great efforts to enhance her arm strength and balance. In 2009，she won three gold medals in the provincial contests in Yunnan，as well as one gold medal and two silvers at national events.In 2014，she won another gold medal in the 100m breaststroke final in the Yunnan Provincial Paralympic Games.In the 2016 Rio Paralympic Games，she placed ninth in the 100m breaststroke. Qian’s journey to create a future for herself，despite losing both legs in a tragic accident，has become the story that inspires thousands of disabled people in China. 语篇解读　这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了“篮球女孩”钱红艳的励志故事。通过艰苦的努力，她终于圆了自己的奥运梦，用坚韧不拔的意志激励了无数人。 5．How did Qian earn her the nickname “basketball girl”？ A．She liked playing basketball. B．She had no legs like a basketball. C．She kept balance on an old basketball. D．She got into an accident when playing basketball. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段尤其最后两句可知，她因事故而被截肢，失去了双腿，爷爷用切掉一半的篮球代替她的下半身以使她保持平衡，因此她被称为“篮球女孩”。故选C项。 6．What made Qian become interested in swimming? A．She received a special training plan. B．She joined the provincial swimming team. C．She tended to swing with a poor sense of direction. D．She was invited to watch the 7th National Paralympic Games. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段首句可知，因被邀请观看了第七届全国残疾人运动会，她对游泳产生了兴趣。故选D项。 7．What does paragraph 4 mainly tell us about Qian? A．Her efforts. B．Her skills. C．Her achievements. D．Her influences. 答案　C 解析　段落大意题。通读第四段内容可知，该段按照时间顺序讲述了钱红艳在历次比赛中取得的成绩。选项C “Her achievements.”高度概括了该段主旨。故选C项。 8．What can we learn from Qian’s story? A．Painstaking efforts pay off. B．Help cures disabilities. C．Disabilities lead to success. D．Love helps the disabled. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，尽管经历了伤残的痛苦，但是，钱红艳没有放弃，而是努力成为创造未来的人，并在历次比赛中取得好成绩，由此可推知，她的故事告诉我们“艰苦的努力终会有回报”。故选A项。 Ⅱ.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) (2024·河北保定高二期末) My daughter and her husband rented a house without furniture.Soon after that，they saw a sofa 1 for free that was about 45 minutes from where they live.The ad said whoever 2 arrived there would get it.They were the first but it was too 3 to fit in all in one go.They were 4 for a while. Then an old man from across the road 5 with a tape measure(卷尺) and a couple of oranges from his 6 to give them.The tape measure showed there was no 7 to load it in the truck.They would have to make two 8 .The old man said he would 9 it with a sheet and make sure no one took the other part.When they returned，he said someone else had tried to get it but he had 10 them. Then this man told his story.He came from a poor country and grew up with a dirt floor,6 siblings(兄弟姐妹) and no 11 .People often forgot how 12 it was for young people starting out，but he 13 them for seizing the available opportunities.Besides the oranges from his yard，this old man also 14 them $50 and suggested spending it doing something nice for themselves and others.The 15 of this old man had my daughter in tears when she told the story to me. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的女儿在捡沙发时遇到一位陌生老人，这位老人的慷慨帮助使人分外感动。 1．A.advertised B．deserted C．thrown D．exhibited 答案　A 解析　advertise为……打广告；desert遗弃；throw抛出；exhibit展出。由后文“The ad” 可知，这里应指作者的女儿看到一则宣传沙发的广告。故选A。 2．A.suddenly B．first C．really D．always 答案　B 解析　suddenly突然地；first第一；really真正地；always总是。由后文“They were the first”可知，广告说谁“第一个”到谁就能得到沙发。故选B。 3．A.big B．old C．heavy D．complex 答案　A 解析　big大的；old旧的；heavy重的；complex复杂的。由后文“The tape measure showed there was no to load it in the truck.”可知，沙发太“大”了，不能一次装走。故选A。 4．A.explaining B．arguing C．struggling D．repairing 答案　C 解析　由前文“They were the first but it was too to fit in all in one go.”可知，他们努力着想要把沙发运走。故选C。 5．A.fell down B．went away C．checked in D．came out 答案　D 解析　fall down摔倒；go away离开；check in入住；come out出来。由前文“from across the road”以及语境可知，老人是从马路对面走“出来”的。故选D。 6．A.truck B．store C．garden D．kitchen 答案　C 解析　truck卡车；store商店；garden花园；kitchen厨房。由后文“Besides the oranges from his yard”可知，这些橘子来自老人的“花园”。故选C。 7．A.way B．sign C．proof D．rule 答案　A 解析　way方法；sign符号；proof证明；rule规则。由后文“They would have to make two .”可知，他们“不可能”把沙发一次性装上卡车。no way表示“没有办法，不可能”，符合语境。故选A。 8．A.rounds B．trips C．rescues D．decisions 答案　B 解析　round轮次；trip出行；rescue救援；decision决定。由前文“The tape measure showed there was no to load it in the truck.”可知，他们需要两次“出行”才能运走沙发。故选B。 9．A.hide B．decorate C．cover D．clean 答案　C 解析　hide隐藏；decorate装饰；cover覆盖；clean清洁。由后文“with a sheet”可知，老人准备用床单“盖住”沙发。故选C。 10．A.defeated B．introduced C．attacked D．prevented 答案　D 解析　defeat打败；introduce引入；attack攻击；prevent阻止。由上文“someone else had tried to get it”以及but表转折可知，老人“阻止了”他们。故选D。 11．A.money B．chances C．relatives D．reputation 答案　A 解析　money钱；chance机会；relative亲属；reputation名誉。由前文“a poor country”可知，家里应该是没“钱”的。故选A。 12．A.natural B．respectable C．sudden D．difficult 答案　D 解析　natural天然的；respectable可敬的；sudden突然的；difficult困难的。由上下文可推知，年轻人刚开始是很“困难的”。故选D。 13．A.punished B．thanked C．admired D．forgave 答案　C 解析　punish惩罚；thank感谢；admire钦佩；forgive原谅。由前文“People often forgot...”以及but表转折可知，人们常常忘记年轻人刚开始是很困难的，但这位老人很“钦佩”年轻人抓住可获得的机会。故选C。 14．A.promised B．showed C．lent D．gave 答案　D 解析　promise答应；show显示；lend借出；give给。由第二段中“oranges from his to give them”以及前文“Besides the oranges from his yard”可知，除了橘子，老人还“给”他们钱了。故选D。 15．A.reason B．kindness C．recognition D．knowledge 答案　B 解析　reason原因；kindness善良；recognition识别；knowledge知识。由前文“Besides the oranges from his yard，this old man also them $50”可知，给他们橘子和钱都是老人的“善举”，这让作者的女儿很感动。故选B。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $