主题语境提分练9 人与自我之未来职业发展趋势、个人职业倾向及未来规划-【百强名校168优化组合卷】2026年高考英语高三二轮复习卷

主题语境提分练九　人与自我之未来职业发展趋势、个人职业倾向及未来规划 　　　　　分值:40分 Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共27.5分) (2021·北京卷)If you are planning to start a career in the field of education,science,or culture,then an internship (实习) at UNESCO will be ideal for you. Who can apply? You have completed your full-time university studies;or. You are studying in a graduate program for a master's degree. Applicants in technical assignments must have reached the last year of their studies in a technical institution. What are the requirements? You must be at least 20 years old. You should have a good command (掌握) of either English or French. You must have an excellent knowledge of office-related software. You should be able to work well in a team and adapt to an international working environment. You should possess strong interpersonal and communication skills. What do you need to prepare? Visa:You should obtain the necessary visas. Travel:You must arrange and finance your travel to and from the location where you will do your internship. Medical insurance:You must show proof of a comprehensive health insurance valid (有效的)in the target country for the entire period of the internship.UNESCO will provide limited insurance coverage up to USD 30,000 for the internship period. Medical certificate:You must provide a medical certificate indicating you are fit to work. Motivation letter:You should have your motivation letter ready before filling out the application form. Your application will be accessed by UNESCO managers and will stay in our database for six months.We do not respond to every candidate.If selected,you will be contacted by a manager.If you do not receive any update within six months,it means that your application has not been successful. 1.According to this passage,applicants are required to 　　　　.  hold a master's degree in science have international work experience be fluent in either English or French present a letter from a technical institution 2.What will UNESCO provide for the internship period? Limited medical insurance coverage. Training in communication skills. A medical certificate for work. Financial support for travel. 3.What should applicants do before filling out the application form? Contact UNESCO managers. Get access to the database. Keep a motivation letter at hand. Work in a team for six months. (2023·北京卷)What is life? Like most great questions, this one is easy to ask but difficult to answer.The reason is simple: we know of just one type of life and it's challenging to do science with a sample size of one.The field of artificial life—called ALife for short—is the systematic attempt to spell out life's fundamental principles.Many of these practitioners, so-called ALifers, think that somehow making life is the surest way to really understand what life is. So far no one has convincingly made artificial life.This track record makes ALife a ripe target for criticism, such as declarations of the field's doubtful scientific value.Alan Smith, a complexity scientist, is tired of such complaints.Asking about “the point” of ALife might be, well, missing the point entirely, he says.“The existence of a living system is not about the use of anything.” Alan says.“Some people ask me, ‘So what's the worth of artificial life?' Do you ever think, ‘What is the worth of your grandmother?'” As much as many ALifers hate emphasizing their research's applications, the attempts to create artificial life could have practical payoffs.Artificial intelligence may be considered ALife's cousin in that researchers in both fields are enamored by a concept called open-ended evolution (演化).This is the capacity for a system to create essentially endless complexity, to be a sort of “novelty generator”.The only system known to exhibit this is Earth's biosphere.If the field of ALife manages to reproduce life's endless “creativity” in some virtual model, those same principles could give rise to truly inventive machines. Compared with the developments of AI, advances in ALife are harder to recognize.One reason is that ALife is a field in which the central concept—life itself—is undefined.The lack of agreement among ALifers doesn't help either.The result is a diverse line of projects that each advance along their unique paths.For better or worse, ALife mirrors the very subject it studies.Its muddled (混乱的) progression is a striking parallel (平行线) to the evolutionary struggles that have shaped Earth biosphere. Undefined and uncontrolled, ALife drives its followers to repurpose old ideas and generated novelty.It may be, of course, that these characteristics aren't in any way surprising or singular.They may apply universally to all acts of evolution.Ultimately ALife may be nothing special.But even this dismissal suggests something:perhaps, just like life itself throughout the universe, the rise of ALife will prove unavoidable. 4.Regarding Alan Smith's defence of ALife, the author is 　　　　.  supportive puzzled unconcerned doubtful 5.What does the word “enamored” underlined in Paragraph 3 most probably mean? Shocked. Protected. Attracted. Challenged. 6.What can we learn from this passage? ALife holds the key to human future. ALife and AI share a common feature. AI mirrors the developments of ALife. AI speeds up the process of human evolution. 7.Which would be the best title for the passage? Life Is Undefined.Can AI Be a Way Out? Life Evolves.Can AI Help ALife Evolve, Too? Life Is Undefined.Can ALife Be Defined One Day? Life Evolves.Can Attempts to Create ALife Evolve, Too? (2023·天津卷改编)I love making art and looking at artworks.I've found myself wondering how we gain pleasure from art.And now neuroaesthetics, a combination of neuroscience (神经科学) and aesthetics (美学), may provide an answer. Neuroaesthetics is a relatively young field of research on what happens in the brain when we make aesthetic assessments.Researchers use brain imaging technique to see which brain areas light up when we view paintings that we consider beautiful. Similar research has been done to understand the “neuronal fireworks” that occur when we look at inspiring sculptures, attractive faces, impressive dance, etc.  But why do we find some art beautiful and other art ugly? According to research, it all comes down to the “aesthetic triad (三元组合)”. The first part of the triad is sensory-motor.This involves perceiving things like colours, shapes and movements.Movement in art has an interesting role.If you see a painting of a movement, like of a man pulling his arm away after being bitten by a dog, you feel like going through a similar experience.The part of your brain that controls your own movements lights up in response. Second is emotion-valuation.This is how a piece of art makes you feel, and whether or not you appreciate or enjoy that feeling.The part of the brain related to pleasure is activated in response to something we find beautiful.This system can be affected in fascinating ways, as found by research using transcranial magnetic stimulation(TMS) (经颅磁刺激).If TMS is applied to a specific part of your brain behind your forehead that is particularly important for decision-making, you suddenly like different kinds of art.Such stimulation produces significant changes in aesthetic appreciation of faces, bodies and artworks.  The third part is meaning-knowledge.This is to do with how we can connect with a piece of art and what meaning we can create in it.Art is deeply personal, because when two people see the same artwork, our perception can create vastly different experiences of meaning.If we find meaning, then we often find pleasure.We also get enjoyment from the knowledge of how something was made.For the images that an artist creates, viewers will probably get far more enjoyment once they know the process used to create them. Informed by neuroaesthetics, the next time I create my art I will value the process even more, enjoying the activation of the aesthetic triad in my brain as I admire the vivid images that I have created.  8.What does “neuronal fireworks” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A beautiful painting or sculpture. The lighting-up of specific brain areas. An advanced brain imaging technology. The aesthetic assessment of modern art. 9.What effect does movement in art produce on the viewers? Certain part of their brain is activated. Their experience of pain is reduced. Their aesthetic sense is sharpened. Their body reactions are delayed. 10.According to the author, what increases our enjoyment of a piece of art? Knowing how it is created. Having a pleasant personality. Learning how science develops. Understanding the meaning of life. 11.What is the author's purpose in writing the passage? To propose an abstract theory of art making. To reveal the beauty of science in an artistic way. To share some personal understanding of artworks. To introduce a new research field for art appreciation. Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分,共12.5分) (2023·北京卷)It's a joyful and stressful time of year in the United States for students and their families as they make decisions about where to attend college.Families often turn to rankings systems to help make a decision.　1　  When I talk to families as a scholar of higher education, they're often surprised that teaching excellence is not counted in rankings.　2　  Emerging research suggests that courses in lower-ranked universities, on average,scored higher on teaching than courses in higher-ranked universities.　3　 The absence of teaching excellence from the rankings is surprising given the link between high-quality teaching and student success.Quality teaching is one of the most important predictors of a wide range of college outcomes.  Rankings, however, are only one reason why a low value is placed on teaching in higher education.Administrators often don't view teaching excellence as a way to increase enrolment (注册) or funding.　4　 Research shows that the more time instructors spend on teaching, the lower their salary.What is the result? Many instructors continue to teach using traditional lectures, which lead to lower success rates.  　5　 Nevertheless, not much will change until schools with high-quality teaching are rewarded with more resources, higher rankings and increased enrolments.In the long term, universities, organisations that rank schools, and others should work to make teaching a valued, core part of the mission.  What should students and their families do? They should give strong consideration to universities where high-quality teaching is valued, even though the schools may be ranked lower. A.Higher education has achieved its true potential. B.Therefore, it's not highly valued in hiring or promotion. C.Quality teaching has been an important reputation-building factor. D.However, the rankings ignore a critical factor: the quality of teaching. E.Efforts to improve teaching at the university level have recently emerged. F.They're even more surprised at how teaching is undervalued by universities. G.In fact, universities often shift emphasis from teaching to other ranking factors. 1.　　　　　　 2.　　　　　　 3.　　　　　　 4.　　　　　　 5.　　　　　　 词汇积累 A ①合成词:full-time (full+time) adj.全日制的 ②派生词:interpersonal (inter+person+al) adj.人际的 ③派生词:coverage (cover+age) n.覆盖范围;保险范围 B ①派生词:convincingly (convince+ing+ly) adv.信服地,有说服力地 ②合成词:payoff (pay+off) n.报酬;结清,算清 ③合成词:open-ended (open+ended) adj.开放式的;无限制的 ④派生词:inventive (invent+ive) adj.发明的;善于发明的;有创造力的;独出心裁的 ⑤派生词:dismissal (dis+miss+al) n.不予考虑,不予理会 C ①派生词:activate (act+ivate) v.使运作;使起作用 ②派生词:stimulation (stimulate+ion) n.刺激;激发 ③派生词:enjoyment (enjoy+ment) n.乐趣;享受;令人愉快的事物 七选五 ①熟词生义:score n.分数;二十(熟义) v.得分(生义) ②派生词:predictor (predict+or) n.预测器;预示物 ③合成词:outcome (out+come) n.结果;效果 难句剖析 C ①If TMS is applied to a specific part of your brain behind your forehead that is particularly important for decision-making, you suddenly like different kinds of art. 本句是主从复合句。句中If引导条件状语从句,that引导定语从句,修饰a specific part。 ②Informed by neuroaesthetics, the next time I create my art I will value the process even more, enjoying the activation of the aesthetic triad in my brain as I admire the vivid images that I have created. 本句是主从复合句。句中Informed by neuroaesthetics为过去分词短语作状语,the next time引导时间状语从句。enjoying the activation of the aesthetic triad in my brain为现在分词短语作状语,as引导时间状语从句,that引导定语从句,修饰先行词the vivid images。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $多学科网书城画 品牌书店·知名教辅·正版资源 b.zxxk.com 您身边的互联网+教辅专家 主题语境提分练九 I.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了联合国教科文组织的实习项目。 l.C[细节理解题。根据What are the requirements?部分的You should have a good command(掌握) of either English or French.可知，申请者必须精通英语或法语，故选C。] 2.A[细节理解题。根据What do you need to prepare?部分的UNESCO will provide limited insurance coverage up to USD30,000 for the internship period.可知，教科文组织为实习期间提供有限 的医疗保险，故选A。] 3.C[细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的You should have your motivation letter ready before filling out the application form.可知，在填写申请表之前，申请人应将动机信备好，故选C。] 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了ALf是否也在不断地进化的问题。 4.A[观点态度题。根据第三段As much as many..…have practical payoffs..可知，作者认为创造人工 生命的尝试是会有回报的；再结合第二段可推知，因为还没有人能令人信服地制造出人工生命，才导 致生命科学成为批评（认为其没有科学价值）的成熟目标，作者认为这是不合理的，所以后文引用了 Alan Smith的话语对这种观点进行反驳，即关于Alan Smith对ALife的辩护，作者表示支持。故选A。 ] 5.C[词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“Artificial intelligence may be.called open-ended evolution(演 化)可知，人工智能可能被认为是ALfe的表亲，说明人工智能和ALif二者间有共同之处，可推测是 因为这两个领域的研究人员都被一个叫作开放进化的概念吸引，所以才有了这种观点。故画线词意 为吸引”。故选C。] 6.B推理判断题。根据第三段Artificial intelligence may be..called open-ended evolution(演化). 可知，ALfe和AI有一个共同的特点。故选B。] 7.D[标题归纳题。根据最后一段They may apply..will prove unavoidable..并结合全文可知，文章 主要探讨了ALife是否也在不断地进化。D选项生命在进化。创造ALif的尝试也能进化吗？是 最合适的标题。故选D。] 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了神经美学这一学科领域，以及它对我们为何会 从艺术中获得愉悦感这一问题的解释。 8.B[词义猜测题。画线短语上文Neuroaesthetics is a relatively young..that we consider beautiful.” 提出当进行审美评估，看到美丽的画作时，我们大脑的一些区域会“发光”。画线词所在句Similar research has been..faces,impressive dance,etc.提出类以研究发现，人们在看到鼓舞人心的雕塑、迷 独家授权侵权必究· 多学科网书城画 品牌书店·知名教辅·正版资源 b.zxxk.com 您身边的互联网+教辅专家 人的面孔、令人印象深刻的舞蹈等时会产生“neuronal fireworkst(神经元烟花)”。文中将两种情况进 行了类比，由此推知，neuronal fireworks(神经元烟花)与上文中的大脑的一些区域会发光”是同一 个意思，即指上文中的The lighting-up of specific brain areas.”。故选B。] 9.A[细节理解题。根据文章第四段Movement in art has an...lights up in response.可知，当人们看 到描绘动作的画作时，人们会觉得自己也有类似的经历，大脑中控制自己动作的部分会相应地亮起来， 也就是该部分被激活了。故选A。] 10.A[细节理解题。根据文章第六段We also get enjoyment...used to create them.可知如果我们知 道了创作过程，我们就会更加欣赏这件艺术品。故选A。] 11.D[写作意图题。根据全文内容可知，文章介绍了神经美学这一学科领域，以及它对人们能从艺 术中获得愉悦感的解释，因此作者的目的是介绍一个新的研究领域，即神经美学，以帮助人们更好地 欣赏艺术。故选D。] Ⅱ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何选择高校提供了一些建议。 l.D[根据空前内容It's a joyful and stressful..to help make a decision.可知，美国的学生和家人们在 决定去哪儿上大学时，经常求助于排名系统。而根据下文第三段Emerging research suggests.im higher-ranked universities.可推断出，本文主要讲述的是排名方面出现的问题。选项D'However,the rankings ignore a critical factor:the quality of teaching.延续上文内容，指出大学排名存在的问题而根 据下文内容也可以推断排名中存在的问题是教学质量被忽略。故选D。] 2.F[根据空前内容When I talk to families as..not counted in rankings.可知，大学排名中优秀的教 学水平并没有被纳入排名让人们觉得很惊讶。选项F"They're even more surprised at how teaching is undervalued by universities..延续上文内容，指的都是大学排名忽略教学质量。其中more surprised” 和上文的surprised保持一致。故选F。] 3.G [空前内容Emerging research suggests that.in higher-ranked universities..以及空后内容The absence of teaching.of college outcomes.讲述的都是大学排名中没有考虑到教学。选项GIn fact, universities often shift emphasis from teaching to other ranking factors.”与上下文内容相一致，故选G。] 4.B[根据空前内容Rankings,however,are only..to increase enrolment(注册)or funding.可知，上文 分析了教学不被纳入排名的原因，该空应该讲其后果。选项BTherefore,it's not highly valued in hiring or promotion.是上文内容的延续，正因为管理人员通常不把卓越的教学视为增加入学率或增 加资金的一种方式，所以教学在招聘和晋升中不受重视。故选B。] 独家授权侵权必究· 多学科网书城画 品牌书店·知名教辅·正版资源 b.zxXk.Gom○ 您身边的互联网+教辅专家 5.E[根据下文内容Nevertheless,not much will..part of the mission.可知，此处算是站在大学的角度 提出如何把教学当成他们的首要核心任务。根据Nevertheless可知，空处内容和下文内容存在转折 关系。选项E"Efforts to improve teaching at the university level have recently emerged.'与下文形成转 折，旨在说明促使教学成为核心任务的艰巨性和重要性。故选E。] ·独家授权侵权必究