必修二Unit 2词汇精讲-高中英语2025沪教版

必修2Unit2词汇精讲 Unit 2 episode 词义与词性 ■(n.)(n.):(电视连续剧或广播刷的)一集 I missed the last episode of the series.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(n.)(n.):一段经历；一个事件 The arrest was a traumatic episode for the family.(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■形容词：episodic;指情节片段式的、零散的；例句：The movie has an episodic structure.(来源：韦氏词典) 同近义词 ■-近义词：incident:名词，事件；例句：The incident caused a lot of public concern.(来源：牛津高阶词典)-近义词： occurrence:名词，发生的事情；例句：Complaints are a normal occurrence in this job.(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：a single episode:单集；适用于描述电视剧、广播剧等的单集情况，语法上episodic用单数；例句：This single episode of the show is very exciting.(来源：朗文当代英语词典)短语2：an episode of:一段…的经历；适用于描 述一段特定的经历，语法上f后接经历的具体内容：例句：He had an episode ofillness last year..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察名词单复数形式：原题：There were several_ (episode)in his life that he would never forget..(答案：episodes) (来源：教材) previous 词义与词性 ■(adj,)(adj):先前的；以往的 She has a child from a previous marriage.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(adj.)(adj):稍前的；刚才的 I remember you mentioned the point in your previous speech.(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■副词：previously:先前；以前；例句：He had previously worked as a journalist.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：former:形容词，以前的；例句：The former president gave a speech.（来源：牛津高阶词典)近义词：prior: 形容词，先前的；例句：You need to have prior knowledge.(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：previous to:在…之前；适用于描述时间先后顺序的场景，语法上to后接时间或事件；例句：Previous to his departure,he addressed a letter to his daughter..(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：on a previous occasion:在 以前某个场合；适用于回忆过往事件的场景；例句：On a previous occasion,I met him at the library.(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察形容词用法，作定语修饰名词；原题：Ihada _engagement and couldn't go to the party.(答案：previous) (来源：教材) series 词义与词性 ■(n)(n.):一系列；连续；接连 The students have to take a series of tests..(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(n)(n.):系列节目；系列比赛 There will be a new series of detective programs on TV this week.(来源：柯林斯词典) ■(n.)(n.):丛书 This series of textbooks is very popular among students.(来源：朗文当代高级英语词典) 词性转换 ■名词复数：series;本身单复数同形；例句：There are several series of books in the library.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ■-同义词：sequence:名词，一系列；一连串；例句：The articles formed a sequence on the history of China.(来源：柯 林斯词典)-近义词：chain::名词，一连串；一系列；例句：A chain of events led to his resignation..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：a series of:一系列；一连串；适用于描述多个相关事物依次出现的场景，语法上后接可数名词复数或不可数名 词；例句：He has gone through a series ofhardships.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：in series:连续地；按顺序排列；适用 于描述事物按顺序连接或发生的场景；例句：The lights are connected in series.(来源：朗文当代高级英语词典)短语3： a TV series:电视连续剧；适用于描述电视节目类型的场景；例句：'m really into this new TV series.(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察名词单复数同形：原题：A_(series)of accidents has happened recently.(答案：series)考法2：考察固 定搭配a series of:原题：The scientist has made a important discoveries..(答案：series of) (来源：教材) brief 【词义与词性 ■(adj)(adj):短暂的；简短的；简洁的 He made a brief speech.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(n.)(n.):任务简介；指示 The president issued a briefto the ambassadors.(来源：柯林斯词典) ■()(v.):给（某人）指示：向（某人）介绍情况 I'l brief you on this plan.(来源：韦氏词典) [词性转换 ■形容词：brief;:名词：briefness;例句：The briefness ofhis speech surprised us..(来源：朗文当代英语词典)动词：brief; 过去式和过去分词：briefed;现在分词：briefing:例句：The manager briefed the staffyesterday..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ■-近义词：shot(adj.):短的；短暂的；例句：e had a short break..(来源：牛津高阶词典)-近义词：concise(adj): 简明的；简洁的；例句：His answer was concise and to the point..(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：in brief::简言之；适用于总结观点或情况的场景，语法上一般用于句首；例句：In brief,.we need to finish this task today..(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：brief sb.on sth.:向某人简要介绍某事；适用于传递信 息的场景，语法上sb.为被介绍的对象，on后接介绍的内容；例句：Please brief me on the new project..(来源： 柯林斯词典)短语3：a brief introduction:简短的介绍；适用于开始介绍事物的场景，语法上可作主语、宾语 等；例句：Let me give you a brief introduction of this book.(来源：朗文当代英语词典)短语4：brief period:短暂 的时期；适用于描述时间的场景，语法上可作主语、宾语等：例句：He worked here for a brief period..(来源：韦氏词典) 典型考法 考法1：作形容词，考察其在句子中的用法；原题：He gave a._ .(brief)explanation of the problem.(答案：brief)考法 2:考察固定搭配in brief;原题： (in brief),we should take action right now.(答案：In brief) (来源：教材) indeed 词义与词性 ■(adv.)(adw.):的确；确实；实在；用于强调肯定的陈述或答复 The results are very good indeed..(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(adv.)(adw.):甚至；其实；实际上；用于引出更强烈的陈述 It was not just a mistake,it was indeed a serious error..(来源：柯林斯词典) ■(adv.)(adw.):真的；真是；用于表示惊讶、怀疑等语气 “He's won the lottery..”“ndeed?”(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■该词一般无常见词性转换 同近义词 ■-同义词：truly(adv.):真正地；确实；例句：He is truly talented.(来源：牛津高阶词典)-同义词：really(adw.):真 正地；确实；例句：m really tired.(来源：牛津高阶词典)-同义词：certainly(adv.):当然；确实；例句：Certainly,. you can come.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：indeed not:当然不；用于强烈否定；适用于口语拒绝场景；例句：“Do you want to go there?”“Indeed not.”(来源：朗文当代英语词典)短语2：and indeed:而且；此外；用于进一步补充说明；适用于书面语阐述观点场 景；例句：He is very smart,and indeed,he is also very hard-working.(来源：柯林斯词典)短语3：ifindeed:如果 真的；用于假设情况；适用于条件状语从句场景；例句：Ifindeedhe comes,we''ll be very happy..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察其在语境中强调肯定的用法：原题：It is a beautiful place, _one of the most beautiful in the world..(答案： indeed) (来源：教材) clap 词义与词性 ■()(v.):鼓掌；拍手 The audience clapped enthusiastically.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(.)(V.):急速放置；用力放 He clapped the book down on the table.(来源：柯林斯词典) ■(n)(n.):拍手声；鼓掌声 There was a loud clap from the audience.(来源：剑桥词典) 词性转换 ■名词：clap;动词过去式和过去分词：clapped(规则变化，直接加-ed);动词现在分词：clapping(双写p加-ing): 例句：They clapped their hands in excitement..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：applaud(v.):鼓掌喝彩；赞扬；例句：The audience applauded the performance.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 近义词：acclaim(v.):称赞；为…喝彩；例句：The critics acclaimed his new novel.(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：clap one's hands:拍手；鼓掌；适用于表达赞赏、欢迎等场景，语法上直接使用；例句：Let's clap our hands to welcome the guests.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：clap sb.on the back:拍某人的背（表示鼓励、祝贺等）：适 用于鼓励或祝贺他人的场景，语法上sb.用宾格；例句：The coach clapped him on the back after the game.(来源： 柯林斯词典)短语3：clap eyes on:突然看见；看到；适用于描述突然看到某人或某物的场景，语法上后接看到的 对象；例句：Ihaven''t clapped eyes on him for years..(来源：剑桥词典) 典型考法 考法1：作动词，考察其现在分词形式；原题：The children were (clap)their hands happily冰.(答案：clapping)考法2： 考察固定搭配clap one's hands:原题：People usually, when they are happy..(答案：clap their hands) (来源：教材) quote 词义与词性 ■()(v):引用，引述 The report quotes a professor as saying that there is no risk.(来源：柯林斯词典) ■()(v.):报价；开价 They quoted me a price of2O0 for the repair..(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(n)(n.):引文，引语 He began his speech with a guote from Shakespeare.(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■名词：quotation:动词过去式/过去分词：quoted(规则变化，直接加-d);动词现在分词：quoting(去e加-ing): 例句：The builder gave me a quotation for the work..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ■-近义词：cite(v.):引用；例句：The lawyer cited several cases to support his argument..(来源：牛津高阶词典)- 近义词：refer to(v.):提及，引用；例句：You can refer to the book for more information.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：quote sb.as saying:引用某人的话说；适用于引用他人话语的场景，语法上as saying后接引用的内容：例 句：The newspaper quoted the mayor as saying that he would improve the city's transportation.(来源：柯林斯词典) 短语2：quote a price for sth.：为某物报价；适用于商业场景中报价的情况，语法上for后接报价的物品；例句：Can you quote a price for this project??(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语3：in quote:在引语中；适用于提及引语内容时，语 法上常作状语；例句：The words“love and peace”are in quote..(来源：自编符合语法示例) 典型考法 考法1：作动词，考察其过去式形式：原题：The journalist (quote)the expert's words in his article last week. quoted)考法2：考察固定搭配quote a price for sth.;原题：The shopkeeper._ a price _the antique vase.(答案： quoted:for) (来源：教材) positive 词义与词性 ■(adj)(adj):积极的；正面的；乐观的 You should take a positive attitude towards life.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(adj)(adj):确实的；肯定的；有把握的 I'm positive that he wil训come.(来源：柯林斯词典) ■(adj)(adj):正的；阳性的 The test result is positive.(来源：牛津高阶词典》 词性转换 ■副词：positively;例句：He answered the question positively..(来源：柯林斯词典)名词：positivity;例句：Ne should always look for the positivity in life.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：optimistic:形容词，乐观的；例句：He has an optimistic view of the future.(来源：牛津高阶词典)近义词： affirmative:形容词，肯定的；例句：He gave an affirmative answer.(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：positive attitude:积极的态度；适用于描述人对待事物的态度场景，语法上作名词短语；例句：Ne should have a positive attitude towards difficulties.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：positive effect:积极的影响；适用于描述 事物产生的影响场景，语法上作名词短语；例句：Exercise has a positive effect on health.（来源：柯林斯词典)短 语3：be positive about:对…有把握；适用于表达人对某事的确定性场景，语法上about后接事物；例句：I'm positive about his success.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察形容词词义，作定语修饰名词；原题：Having a_ (positive)attitude towards life can make you happy. 案：positive)考法2：考察副词形式：原题：He spoke】 (positive)about his new job..(答案：positively) (来源：教材) effect 词义与词性 ■(n.)(n.):影响；效果；作用 The new law will take effect next month.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(n)(n.):印象；效果 The lighting effects in the show were really amazing.(来源：柯林斯词典) ■()(v.):使发生；实现；引起 The new manager hopes to effect some changes in the company.(来源：韦氏大词典) [词性转换 ■形容词：effective;有效果的，有效的；例句：This method is very effective in solving the problem.(来源：牛津 高阶词典)副词：effectively;有效地；例句：The new policy has been implemented effectively.(来源：柯林斯词 典)名词：effectiveness;效力，有效性；例句：Ne need to measure the effectiveness ofthis new drug.(来源：韦氏大词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：influence(n.Iv.):影响；例句：Parents should have a good influence on their children..(来源：牛津高阶 词典)近义词：impact(n.Iv.):影响；冲击：例句：The new technology will impact the industry greatly.(来源：柯 林斯词典)近义词：result(n.):结果；效果；例句：The result of the experiment is very satisfying.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：have an effect on:对…有影响；适用于描述事物之间的影响关系，语法上on后接受影响的对象；例句： Parents'behavior has a great effect on their children..(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：take effect:生效；起作用；适 用于描述规则、法律、药物等开始产生效果的场景；例句：The new rule will take effect immediately.(来源：柯林斯 词典)短语3：come into effect:开始生效；适用于描述法律、协议等正式文件开始执行的场景；例句：The new contract will come into effect next week.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语4：in effect:实际上；事实上；适用于对事物本 质进行说明的场景；例句：In effect,he has already agreed to the plan.(来源：韦氏大词典) 典型考法 考法1：作名词，考察固定搭配have an effect on:原题：The environment has a great (effect)on our health.(答案： effect)考法2：考察动词形式eect:原题：The government is trying to_(effect))some refomms.(答案：effect) (来源：教材) perform 词义与词性 ■()(V.):表演；演出：做；履行；执行 The magician performed some astonishing tricks.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(.)(v.):表现；运转 The car performed wel∥on the test track.(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■名词：performance;动词变名词，在词尾加-ance;例句：The band gave an excellent performance last night.(来源： 牛津高阶词典)形容词：performable;动词变形容词，在词尾加-able;例句：This play is easily performable.(来源： 韦氏大词典)现在分词：performing;动词变现在分词，直接加-ing;例句：The performing artists received a warm applause.(来源：柯林斯词典)过去式和过去分词：performed;动词变过去式和过去分词，直接加-ed;例句：He performed his duty faithfully..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ■-近义词：execute:动词，执行；履行；例句：The plan was well-executed.(来源：牛津高阶词典)-近义词：act: 动词，表演；行动；例句：She can act very well..(来源：柯林斯词典)-近义词：render:动词，表演；给予；例句： He rendered a beautiful song.(来源：韦氏大词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：perform a play:表演戏剧；适用于描述舞台表演的场景，语法上后接表演的具体戏刷名称；例句：They will perform a play about historical events..(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：perform one's duty:履行职责；适用于描述履行 责任的场景，语法上one's后接相应的人称代词所有格；例句：A soldier must perform his duty.(来源：柯林斯词典)短 语3：perform well/badly:表现好/差；适用于描述表现情况的场景，语法上well或badly为副词修饰动词；例句：The athlete performed well in the competition.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语4：perform an operation:做手术；适用于医疗场景， 语法上an后接手术相关内容；例句：The doctor will perform an operation on the patient tomorrow.(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：作动词，考察其过去式形式：原题：The students (pe rfo m)a play at the party last week.(答案：performed) 考法2：考察固定搭配perform one's duty:原题：We should always_ our_(berform;duty)(答案：perform;duty) (来源：教材) lecture 词义与词性 ■(n)(n):讲座；讲课；演讲 She gave a lecture on philosophy.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(n)(n.):训斥；谴责 He got a lecture from his parents for coming home late..(来源：柯林斯词典) ■(.)(V.):开讲座；讲授 She lectures in economics at a local college..(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(.)(v.):训斥；告诫 The teacher lectured the students about their beha vior..(来源：韦氏大词典) 词性转换 ■名词：lecturer(讲课者；演讲者；讲师)；例句：The lecturer spoke for an hour.(来源：柯林斯词典)；动词现在分词： lecturing;例句：He is lecturing on history this semester..(来源：牛津高阶词典)：动词过去式和过去分词：lectured; 例句：The coach lectured the team after the loss..(来源：韦氏大词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：speech:名词，演讲；例句：The president gave a wonderful speech.(来源：牛津高阶词典)：近义词：talk: 名词，讲话；演讲；例句：He gave a talk on his travel experiences.(来源：柯林斯词典)；近义词：address:名词， 演讲；致辞；例句：The mayor gave an address at the meeting.(来源：韦氏大词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：give a lecture:作讲座；适用于描述举办讲座的场景，语法上give为谓语动词，a lecture为宾语；例句：The professor will give a lecture on literature tomorrow.（来源：牛津高阶词典)；短语2：attend a lecture:参加讲座；适用 于表达参加讲座的行为，语法上attend为谓语动词，a lecture为宾语；例句：I often attend lectures on science.(来 源：柯林斯词典)：短语3：lecture sb.on sth.:就某事训斥某人；适用于表示因某事批评、教育某人的场景，语法 上sb.是被训斥的对象，on后接具体事情；例句：My mother lectured me on the importance of honesty.(来源：韦氏 大词典)；短语4：lecture about::讲授；谈论；适用于描述讲课、演讲的内容，语法上about后接讲授的主题；例句： He lectured about ancient history.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 考法1：作名词，考察其单复数形式；原题：Many famous. (lecture)will come to our school next month.(答案：lecturers) 考法2：考察固定搭配give a lecture;原题：Our head-teacher will on how to leam English well. 案：give a lecture) (来源：教材) document [词义与词性 ■(n)(n.):文件；公文；文献 Her lawyer drew up some legal documents.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■()(V.):记录；记载 The film documents the history of the town..(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■-名词：documentation;例句：We have all the documentation we need.(来源：牛津高阶词典)-形容词：documentary; 例句：a documentary film(来源：柯林斯词典)-动词过去式/过去分词：documented(规则变化，直接加-ed);例 句：The events were well documented.(来源：牛津高阶词典)-动词现在分词：documenting(直接加-ing);例句： He is documenting the wildlife in the area.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■-同义词：paper:名词，文件；例句：Please hand in your papers.(来源：牛津高阶词典)-近义词：record:动词， 记录；例句：She recorded the details in her diary..(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：official document:宫方文件；适用于正式的行政、法律等场景，语法上“official”为形容词修饰“document”; 例句：You need to show some official documents.（来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：document something with something: 用某物记录某事；适用于记录信息的场景，语法上with后接记录的工具或方式：例句：He documented the experiment with photos.(来源：柯林斯词典)短语3：document a fact/event::记录一个事实事件；适用于新闻、研究等场景， 语法上“document”后接要记录的内容；例句：The journalist documented the event accurately.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 考法1：作名词，考察其单复数形式：原题：All the」 (document)must be signed.(答案：documents)考法2：作动词， 考察其现在分词形式：原题：They are (document)the changes in the environment..(答案：documenting) (来源：教材) propose 词义与词性 ■()(v.):提议，建议 I propose that we should start early.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■()(v.):打算，计划 She proposed to catch the early train..(来源：柯林斯词典) ■()(v.):求婚 He proposed to her on bended knee.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■名词：proposal;:例句：They presented a new proposal to the committee.(来源：柯林斯词典)形容词：proposed;例 句：The proposed changes have caused a lot of controversy..(来源：牛津高阶词典)动词过去式/过去分词：proposed (规则变化，直接加-d);例句：He proposed a new plan last week..(来源：柯林斯词典)动词现在分词：proposing (直接加-ing);例句：She is proposing a solution to the problem.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：suggest:动词，建议；例句：I suggest you take a break.(来源：牛津高阶词典)近义词：recommend:动 词，推荐，建议；例句：I recommend this book to you..(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：propose to do sth.:打算做某事；适用于表达个人计划的场景，语法上to后接动词原形；例句：I propose to finish this task today.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：propose sth.tosb:向某人提议某事；适用于提出建议的场景， 语法上to后接被提议的对象；例句：He proposed a new idea to the team.(来源：柯林斯词典)短语3：propose to sb.:向某人求婚：适用于情感表达场景；例句：He proposed to his girlfriend last night..(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语 4:propose that...(虚拟语气)：建议…；适用于提出建议的场景，that从句中谓语动词用“should+动词原形”， should可省略；例句：I propose that we(should)hold a meeting.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 考法1：作动词，考察其过去式形式：原题：He (propose)a new method at the meeting yesterday.(答案：proposed) 考法2：考察“propose to do sth..”的用法；原题：She」 (propose)to visit her grandparents next week.(答案：proposes) (来源：教材) resource 词义与词性