Unit 6 课时7 Reading for Writing（分层作业）英语仁爱科普版八年级上册

Unit 6 Earth and Beyond Unit 6 课时7 Reading for Writing分层作业 核心知识速记 03拓展培优 01基础达标 04思维进阶 02能力提升 ( 词汇 1. although conj.虽然；尽管；即便 2. common n.公地adj.共有的，共同的；普遍的 句型 1. Mars looks red because of its red soil, while most parts of Earth look blue because of its oceans. 2. As a neighbor planet, Mars is farther from the Sun than Earth. 火星呈现红色是因为其红色的土壤，而地球大部分区域看起来是蓝色的，因为拥有广阔的海洋。作为邻近的行星，火星与太阳的距离比地球更远。 3. Mars is about 228 million kilometers away from the Sun, while Earth is about 150 million kilometers away. 火星距离太阳约2.28亿公里，而地球距离太阳约1.5亿公里。 4. Although the two planets have many differences, they have something in common—water. On Mars. 尽管这两颗行星存在诸多差异，但它们有一个共同点——水。 5. there's a lot of ice under the ground: On Earth. we have water both on and under the ground. 在火星地表之下蕴藏着大量冰层；而地球的地表和地下均存在水资源。 6. Mars is waiting for us to explore, and so is the universe. 火星正等待着人类去探索，宇宙亦是如此。 ) 一、单词拼写 1．A it’s autumn, the temperature is still high and I feel like eating ice-cream. 2．Cormorant fishing was once in lots of places in South-East China, and there were many fishermen in the area. 3．His opinions are s (类似的) to yours but different from mine. 4．Yesterday, the river (上升) by several meters after the heavy rain. 5．Sally was fat last year, and she is even (fat) now. 二、完成句子 6．虽然天气炎热，但我和朋友都很开心。 it was hot, my friend and I were both very happy. 7．在加拿大的学校，筹钱活动是非常普遍的。 It’s very to money in Canadian schools. 8．你穿颜色相近的衣服看起来很酷。 You in clothes . 9．Jack his father in many ways. 杰克在很多方面与他爸爸相似。(similar) 10．所有的这些表演有一个共同点。 All these shows have one thing    . 三、补全对话 A: Hi, Lucy. How are you? B: Not bad. 11 ? A: I'm going to the cinema. Have you seen the movie about Mars? B: Yes, I have.I saw it yesterday. A: 12 ? B: I think it is well worth watching. A: 13 ? B: I'm not sure. Maybe in the future. There are so many things in space that we can explore. A: How interesting! B: To tell you the truth, I'm very interested in space. 14 . What about you? A: Maybe I'll be a photographer to show the beauty of the world. B: 15 . A: Thank you. 一、完形填空 阅读下面短文，理解大意，然后从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 The universe (宇宙) is everything out in space. Nobody 1 how large the universe is. When we talk about the universe, we mean the Earth, the Sun, the Moon and all the 2 , and the space between them. Now let me tell you something about the 3 . It is like a large ball. It 4 around the Sun. And 5 and land cover it. If you are in a spaceship and 6 the Earth from space, you will find that there are some blue parts. They are the seas. We live on the outside part of the Earth. Around us is the air. It takes the Earth 24 7 to turn in a full circle (整圈). When you see the Sun shining 8 , it’s the day for you. But when the Earth turns you away from the Sun, everything around you 9 dark(黑暗的). Can you tell me something else about the universe? I think it is 10 and I want to learn more about it. 1．A．leaves B．knows C．blows D．pollutes 2．A．gardens B．planes C．stars D．rockets 3．A．Maths B．Sun C．Earth D．Land 4．A．goes B．waits C．shows D．keeps 5．A．water B．ice C．snow D．cloud 6．A．watch B．hear C．feel D．touch 7．A．nights B．minutes C．days D．hours 8．A．easily B．brightly C．badly D．slowly 9．A．flies B．kicks C．ties D．becomes 10．A．weak B．nervous C．interesting D．tiring 2、 阅读理解 A Nowadays, everyone is talking about the metaverse (元宇宙). But what does it actually mean? What will our future be like with metaverse? The term was first coined by US author Neal Stephenson in his 1992 novel Snow Crash (《雪崩》). In the novel, players ran away from a dystopian (反乌托邦的) reality by playing a VR game online. In this world, they can buy goods and make their avatars (虚拟化身). Now, with more of our time spent on Zoom or other video chat software, technology companies have said that we need the metaverse more than ever, noted The Washington Post. Companies have believed the metaverse in a big way. A company changed its name to “Meta” because of its new idea to “help bring the metaverse to life”, according to its website. “3D space in the metaverse will let you talk, study and play with people around the world,” the company adds. However, “what that term means hasn’t gotten any clearer”, Eric Ravenscraft wrote in Wired magazine months after the company’s announcement. Supporters of the metaverse have said that the present lack of clarity (清晰) is because of the fact that it’s still under research. They said how the Internet that appeared in the 1970s is completely different to the experience we have today. In the same way, they believe that although the metaverse is a new try to make a 3D online interactive experience now, in the future it will become more perfect. In short, even if the idea of metaverse is still at the beginning, it can be seen as a way to create a more interconnected online experience. For example,one day your classroom may even be fully online as you study in a VR school. With the help of VR, you can even have school trips to different parts of history or even through space in computer worlds for learning. However, although your avatar may be taking your exams, you will still have to study for them yourself. 11．What did metaverse come from at first? A．It was a kind of game. B．It was a kind of world view in the novel at first. C．It was a kind of entertainment because of people’s needs. D．It was a kind of world Neal Stephenson invented for his game. 12．Which one has the same meaning as the underlined word “coined” in Paragraph 2? A．written B．bought C．created D．printed 13．Which of the following statements about the present development of the metaverse is TRUE? A．A company has brought the metaverse to life. B．The research of the metaverse has been perfect. C．People have been able to travel to different parts of history and learn in computer space. D．Now it’s just a try to experience online interaction. 14．What did Eric Ravenscraft mean by saying “what that term means hasn’t gotten any clearer?” A．The metaverse is still in the research stage. B．Researchers aren’t clear about metaverse’s meaning. C．The Internet in the 1970s was completely different to the experience we have today. D．He disagreed with the research about the metaverse. 15．What can’t we do in the metaverse? A．Have a new identity. B．Communicate with people from all over the world. C．Turn the things in the virtual (虚拟) world into reality. D．Let your avatar help you do some things. B In the universe (宇宙), as we know, there is the sun, the moon, the earth and many stars. Through our geography lessons, we know the earth goes round the sun, and the moon goes round the earth. We have day and night because the earth keeps turning all the time. When our part of the earth turns to the sun, it is day. When our part of the earth turns away from the sun, it is night. Just because the moon is closer to the earth than the sun, it looks much bigger than the sun. Big things will look smaller when they are farther, and small things also look bigger when they are nearer, The sun is bright enough to give out very strong light. The moon can’t give out any light at all, but it looks quite bright too. Why? In fact, the light from the moon comes from the sun. The moon looks much bigger and brighter than the stars. But actually (事实上) the stars are much bigger and brighter than the moon. They look smaller than the moon also because they are farther away from the earth. There are still many other planets (行星) in the universe. All of them move round the sun. But of all these planets, only on the earth there are living things and people can only live on the earth too. At 9:00 a.m., on October 15th 2003, Chinese pilot (飞行员) Yang Liwei was sent up to space. He stayed there for 21 hours. It was the first time for Chinese to get into space. 16．We find the sun ______ than the moon because it is ______ to us. A．bigger; farther B．smaller; closer C．bigger; closer D．smaller; farther 17．When our part of the earth turns away from the sun, the other part of the earth is ______. A．night B．day C．evening D．Sunday 18．When did the pilot from our country return to the earth? A．On November 15th, 2002. B．On October 16th, 2003. C．On May 5th, 2004. D．On October 15th, 2003. 19．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．The moon goes round the earth, and it can’t give out any light at all. B．The moon goes round the sun, and its light is from the sun. C．The sun goes round the earth. D．Only the earth goes round the sun. 一、短文填空 阅读下面短文，然后根据所给单词的首字母或括号内所给的汉语意思写出单词的正确形式（每空一词）。 In 1957, the Soviet Union sent Sputnik Ⅰ into space. It was the f 1 successful spacecraft to orbit (进入轨道) the Earth, and it started the time period known as the Space Age. A 2 (短的) time later in the US, the National Aeronautics Space Administration (NASA) successfully sent another spacecraft, Explorer Ⅰ, into space. In the year that followed, incredible advances were made. Today, space exploration goes on, and governments still compete w 3 one another to make new discoveries. In 2012, NASA landed its unmanned spacecraft Curiosity on Mars in order to 4 (收集) information about the planet. In 2016, Europe and Russia worked t 5 and sent a spacecraft to Mars. China is also working on similar projects. However, there has been one big change: private companies, i 6 of public government organizations, are entering the Space Race. Private companies are 7 (幸运的) in one way. They don’t have to wait for money from the government like NASA does. They can spend money on these projects by t 8 . However, that doesn’t 9 (意味着) that problems and accidents don’t happen. In 2014, Virgin Galactic’s VSS Enterprise crashed in the Mojave Desert in the US in a test flight. The 39-year-old pilot, Micheal Alsbury, was killed. The race to explore the universe (宇宙) 10 (继续) and the possibilities are endless. Maybe in our lifetime, those dreams will come true. 二、选词填空 （一） 根据短文内容从方框中选择合适的词填空(有两词多余) nearest, learn, Thanks, includes, far, seen, receiving, smaller, Thanks to, The universe (宇宙) is so wide that we still don’t know much about it. It 11 the earth, the sun, the moon and the stars, and the space between them as well. Many of the stars can not be 12 because they are too far away. The moon travels around the earth. It’s our satellite. It’s the 13 to our earth. So far, humans have visited it already. And spaceships without people have reached other parts of the universe. Many countries have launched lots of man-made satellites into space. The satellites travel around the earth and help us 14 more about the earth, the weather and other things. They are used for 15 messages. With their help, TV and radio programs can be sent to countries all over the world. Satellites can also help us make telephone calls to foreign countries. Our knowledge of the universe has been growing all the time. 16 space satellites (人造卫星), the world itself is becoming a much 17 place and people from different countries now understand each other better. （二） 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 name  have  temperature  reach  who  and  wide  at  planet  four What do you know about Mars? What does it look like? Mars is the 18 planet from the sun in our solar system and 19 after Mars, the Roman god of war. Its diameter is 53% as 20 as that of the earth. Mars gets around the sun 21 a distance of about 228 million kilometers. You can tell which planet is Mars because it is bright red in the night sky. It looks like a red 22 orange ball. It’s very beautiful. But during spring and summer, the surface of Mars is covered by strong storms. The gravity on the surface of Mars is about two-fifths as strong as it is on earth. So a person 23 weighs 90 kilos on earth weighs only 36 kilos on Mars. The 24 on Mars is between -138℃ and 28℃. The air 25 only 0.13% oxygen. It takes a spaceship about eight months 26 Mars from the earth when the two 27 are closest to each other. Scientists are still searching for more information about Mars. 一、任务型阅读 阅读短文，并按要求完成文后各小题。 In the future, people may travel to Mars by water-powered spaceship! Today’s spaceships are fine for getting things into space, but they are not so good at travelling long distances. These spaceships burn chemical fuels (燃料), and they are very expensive. Scientists say that a water-powered spaceship could make the trip to Mars much cheaper. Scientists think such a space ship could be developed soon. The key to the water-powered spaceship is the engine. Regular engines push spaceships by burning fuel. The water engine will use steam (水蒸气), created by solar panels (太阳能) that heat water to a high temperature. Of course, the spaceship will have to carry a lot of water for the long trip to Mars. Today’s space ships could not carry that much water. But scientists think that a spaceship blown up like a balloon will be able to do it. One US company has already developed a spaceship like this. These spaceships are made of a strong material. Two of them have already been sent up into space, using rockets and then later filled with air. “Balloon” space-ships could carry enough water for a long trip. With the “Balloon” spaceships, enough water could be carried to power the engines and grow food during the trip. And the people on the spaceship might even get to take a hot bath! Scientists say the biggest advantage of such a spaceship would be the cost. The “Balloon” spaceship uses water to push it through space and costs about one thirtieth of a normal spaceship. If these scientists are correct, we may soon be on our way to Mars in the special spaceship. 1、2题完成句子；3题简略回答问题；4题找出并写下第二段的主题句；5题将文中画线句子译成汉语。 1．Today’s spaceships don’t do well in . 2．The spaceship will have to carry for the long trip to Mars. 3．What are the spaceships in US company made of? __________________________________________________________ 4．________________________________________________________ 5．_________________________________________________________ ( 1 / 7 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 6 Earth and Beyond Unit 6 课时7 Reading for Writing分层作业 核心知识速记 03拓展培优 01基础达标 04思维进阶 02能力提升 ( 词汇 1. although conj.虽然；尽管；即便 2. common n.公地adj.共有的，共同的；普遍的 句型 1. Mars looks red because of its red soil, while most parts of Earth look blue because of its oceans. 2. As a neighbor planet, Mars is farther from the Sun than Earth. 火星呈现红色是因为其红色的土壤，而地球大部分区域看起来是蓝色的，因为拥有广阔的海洋。作为邻近的行星，火星与太阳的距离比地球更远。 3. Mars is about 228 million kilometers away from the Sun, while Earth is about 150 million kilometers away. 火星距离太阳约2.28亿公里，而地球距离太阳约1.5亿公里。 4. Although the two planets have many differences, they have something in common—water. On Mars. 尽管这两颗行星存在诸多差异，但它们有一个共同点——水。 5. there's a lot of ice under the ground: On Earth. we have water both on and under the ground. 在火星地表之下蕴藏着大量冰层；而地球的地表和地下均存在水资源。 6. Mars is waiting for us to explore, and so is the universe. 火星正等待着人类去探索，宇宙亦是如此。 ) 一、单词拼写 1．A it’s autumn, the temperature is still high and I feel like eating ice-cream. 【答案】(A)lthough 【详解】句意：虽然已经是秋天了，但气温仍然很高，我想吃冰淇淋。根据“the temperature is still high”以及首字母提示可知，前后存在让步关系，即“尽管是秋天，气温却还高”。Although意为“虽然，尽管”，用于引导让步状语从句。故填(A)lthough。 2．Cormorant fishing was once in lots of places in South-East China, and there were many fishermen in the area. 【答案】common 【详解】句意：鸬鹚捕鱼曾经在中国东南部的许多地方很普遍，并且该地区有许多渔民。根据“there were many fishermen in the area”可知，有很多渔民从事鸬鹚捕鱼，说明这种捕鱼方式曾经很普遍，这里需要一个形容词作表语，“common”意为“普遍的”。故填common。 3．His opinions are s (类似的) to yours but different from mine. 【答案】(s)imilar 【详解】句意：他的观点与你的相似，但与我的不同。根据中文提示和首字母可知，similar“类似的”符合题意，作表语。故填(s)imilar。 4．Yesterday, the river (上升) by several meters after the heavy rain. 【答案】rose 【详解】句意：昨天大雨过后，河水上涨了好几米。rise上升，不及物动词；根据时间状语“Yesterday”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，rise的过去式为rose。故填rose。 5．Sally was fat last year, and she is even (fat) now. 【答案】fatter 【详解】句意：Sally去年很胖，现在甚至更胖了。根据“Sally was fat last year, and she is even...”可知句中“even”提示需用比较级形式，表示程度加深。“fat”的比较级“fatter”，在句中作表语，说明主语当前状态。故填fatter。 二、完成句子 6．虽然天气炎热，但我和朋友都很开心。 it was hot, my friend and I were both very happy. 【答案】Though/Although 【详解】根据题干可知，空处缺少“虽然”，应用though或者although引导让步状语从句，位于句首首字母大写。故填Though/Although。 7．在加拿大的学校，筹钱活动是非常普遍的。 It’s very to money in Canadian schools. 【答案】 common raise 【详解】中英文对照可知，“普遍”和“筹集”未翻译。common意为“普遍的、常见的”，形容词作表语；raise money是固定短语，意为“筹集资金、筹钱”，此处是动词不定式作真正主语，所以空处使用动词原形。故填common；raise。 8．你穿颜色相近的衣服看起来很酷。 You in clothes . 【答案】 look very cool of similar colours 【详解】看起来很酷：look very cool，You作主语，动词用原形；颜色相近的：of similar colours，of表示所属关系。故填look very cool；of similar colours。 9．Jack his father in many ways. 杰克在很多方面与他爸爸相似。(similar) 【答案】is similar to 【详解】考查固定短语。be similar to“与……相似”，主语为Jack，为第三人称单数，谓语用is。故填is similar to。 10．所有的这些表演有一个共同点。 All these shows have one thing    . 【答案】 in common 【详解】此处表达的是“共同点”，结合空格前面的“one thing”可知，此处应该是缺in common，构成短语“have one thing in common”，故填in common。 三、补全对话 A: Hi, Lucy. How are you? B: Not bad. 11 ? A: I'm going to the cinema. Have you seen the movie about Mars? B: Yes, I have.I saw it yesterday. A: 12 ? B: I think it is well worth watching. A: 13 ? B: I'm not sure. Maybe in the future. There are so many things in space that we can explore. A: How interesting! B: To tell you the truth, I'm very interested in space. 14 . What about you? A: Maybe I'll be a photographer to show the beauty of the world. B: 15 . A: Thank you. 【答案】11．Where are you going/ Where will you go 12．What do you think of it/ the movie/ How do you like it/ the movie/ What's your opinion about it/ the movie 13．Can people live on Mars/ Shall we go there one day/ Can people plant trees on Mars/… 14．I want to be an astronaut when I grow up/ I dream of being an astronaut/ My dream is to be an astronaut 15．I hope your dream will come true/ I'm sure your dream will come true/ I believe you will achieve your dream one day 【分析】本文主要讲述了露西和朋友之间的对话，关于看电影，以及人类未来会不会去火星生活及未来的梦想。 11．根据“I'm going to the cinema”可知我要去看电影，可推测出上文应该是问“你要去哪”，类似的内容即可，故填Where are you going/ Where will you go。 12．根据“I think it is well worth watching.”可知我觉得很值得一看，可推测出是“觉得这部电影怎么样”，类似的内容即可，故填What do you think of it/ the movie/ How do you like it/ the movie/ What's your opinion about it/ the movie。 13．根据“I'm not sure. Maybe in the future. There are so many things in space that we can explore.”可知我不确定，也许在未来，太空中有很多我们可以探索的东西，类似的内容即可，故填Can people live on Mars/ Shall we go there one day/ Can people plant trees on Mars/…。 14．根据“Maybe I'll be a photographer to show the beauty of the world.”可知也许我会成为一名摄影师来展示世界之美，可推测出“我长大后想成为一名宇航员”，类似的内容即可，故填I want to be an astronaut when I grow up/ I dream of being an astronaut/ My dream is to be an astronaut。 15．根据上文的愿望及下文“Thank you”可知谢谢，可推测出“我希望你的梦想成真”，类似的内容即可，故填I hope your dream will come true/ I'm sure your dream will come true/ I believe you will achieve your dream one day。 一、完形填空 阅读下面短文，理解大意，然后从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 The universe (宇宙) is everything out in space. Nobody 1 how large the universe is. When we talk about the universe, we mean the Earth, the Sun, the Moon and all the 2 , and the space between them. Now let me tell you something about the 3 . It is like a large ball. It 4 around the Sun. And 5 and land cover it. If you are in a spaceship and 6 the Earth from space, you will find that there are some blue parts. They are the seas. We live on the outside part of the Earth. Around us is the air. It takes the Earth 24 7 to turn in a full circle (整圈). When you see the Sun shining 8 , it’s the day for you. But when the Earth turns you away from the Sun, everything around you 9 dark(黑暗的). Can you tell me something else about the universe? I think it is 10 and I want to learn more about it. 1．A．leaves B．knows C．blows D．pollutes 2．A．gardens B．planes C．stars D．rockets 3．A．Maths B．Sun C．Earth D．Land 4．A．goes B．waits C．shows D．keeps 5．A．water B．ice C．snow D．cloud 6．A．watch B．hear C．feel D．touch 7．A．nights B．minutes C．days D．hours 8．A．easily B．brightly C．badly D．slowly 9．A．flies B．kicks C．ties D．becomes 10．A．weak B．nervous C．interesting D．tiring 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．C 4．A 5．A 6．A 7．D 8．B 9．D 10．C 【导语】本文主要讲了关于宇宙的信息，详解对地球进行了讲述。 1．句意：宇宙是太空中的一切，没有人知道宇宙有多大。 leaves离开；knows知道，了解；blows吹；pollutes污染。由“The universe (宇宙)is everything out in space.”可知没有人知道宇宙的大小。故选B。 2．句意：当我们谈论宇宙时，我们指的是地球、太阳、月亮和所有的恒星，以及它们之间的空间。 gardens花园；planes飞机；stars星星，恒星；rockets火箭。根据语境可知该处都是在讨论宇宙包括了什么，故“stars星星，恒星”符合句意，故选C。 3．句意：现在让我告诉你一些关于地球的事情。它就像一个大球。 Maths数学；Sun太阳；Earth地球；Land陆地。由“It is like a large ball.”和“It goes around the Sun.”可知该处谈论的是地球。故选C。 4．句意：它绕着太阳转。 goes运转，走；waits等待；shows展示，展现；keeps保持。前句讲到地球，故可推测出该处讲的是地球围绕着太阳转。故选A。 5．句意：水和土地覆盖了它。 water水；ice冰；snow雪；cloud云。由“you will find that there are some blue parts. They are the seas.”可知这里讲的是水。故选A。 6．句意：如果你在宇宙飞船里，从太空看地球，你会发现有一些蓝色的部分。它们就是海洋。 watch看；hear听；feel感觉；touch触摸。由“you will find that there are some blue parts. They are the seas.”可知应该是从太空上看地球就会看到海洋。故选A。 7．句意：地球需要24小时才能转一圈。 nights晚；minutes分钟；days日；hours小时。根据语境可知地球转一圈需要24小时，也就是一天。故选D。 8．句意：当你看到明亮的太阳时，这就是属于你的白天。 easily容易地；brightly明亮地；badly不好地；slowly缓慢地。由“But when the Earth turns you away from the Sun, everything around you becomes dark(黑暗的).”可知该处应选明亮的，与后面的黑暗形成对比。故选B。 9．句意：但是当地球把你从太阳转向别处时，你周围的一切都变得黑暗。 flies飞；kicks踢；ties系，绑；becomes变得，成为。根据语境可知太阳转去别处时，周围就黑暗了，这是一种变化。故选D。 10．句意：你能告诉我一些关于宇宙的其他事情吗？我认为这很有趣，我想更多地了解它。 weak虚弱的；nervous紧张的；interesting有趣的；tiring疲惫的。由“I want to learn more about it.”可知作者对宇宙感兴趣，想了解更多，故选C。 2、 阅读理解 A Nowadays, everyone is talking about the metaverse (元宇宙). But what does it actually mean? What will our future be like with metaverse? The term was first coined by US author Neal Stephenson in his 1992 novel Snow Crash (《雪崩》). In the novel, players ran away from a dystopian (反乌托邦的) reality by playing a VR game online. In this world, they can buy goods and make their avatars (虚拟化身). Now, with more of our time spent on Zoom or other video chat software, technology companies have said that we need the metaverse more than ever, noted The Washington Post. Companies have believed the metaverse in a big way. A company changed its name to “Meta” because of its new idea to “help bring the metaverse to life”, according to its website. “3D space in the metaverse will let you talk, study and play with people around the world,” the company adds. However, “what that term means hasn’t gotten any clearer”, Eric Ravenscraft wrote in Wired magazine months after the company’s announcement. Supporters of the metaverse have said that the present lack of clarity (清晰) is because of the fact that it’s still under research. They said how the Internet that appeared in the 1970s is completely different to the experience we have today. In the same way, they believe that although the metaverse is a new try to make a 3D online interactive experience now, in the future it will become more perfect. In short, even if the idea of metaverse is still at the beginning, it can be seen as a way to create a more interconnected online experience. For example,one day your classroom may even be fully online as you study in a VR school. With the help of VR, you can even have school trips to different parts of history or even through space in computer worlds for learning. However, although your avatar may be taking your exams, you will still have to study for them yourself. 11．What did metaverse come from at first? A．It was a kind of game. B．It was a kind of world view in the novel at first. C．It was a kind of entertainment because of people’s needs. D．It was a kind of world Neal Stephenson invented for his game. 12．Which one has the same meaning as the underlined word “coined” in Paragraph 2? A．written B．bought C．created D．printed 13．Which of the following statements about the present development of the metaverse is TRUE? A．A company has brought the metaverse to life. B．The research of the metaverse has been perfect. C．People have been able to travel to different parts of history and learn in computer space. D．Now it’s just a try to experience online interaction. 14．What did Eric Ravenscraft mean by saying “what that term means hasn’t gotten any clearer?” A．The metaverse is still in the research stage. B．Researchers aren’t clear about metaverse’s meaning. C．The Internet in the 1970s was completely different to the experience we have today. D．He disagreed with the research about the metaverse. 15．What can’t we do in the metaverse? A．Have a new identity. B．Communicate with people from all over the world. C．Turn the things in the virtual (虚拟) world into reality. D．Let your avatar help you do some things. 【答案】11．B 12．C 13．D 14．A 15．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了和元宇宙有关的信息。 11．细节理解题。根据“The term was first coined by US author Neal Stephenson in his 1992 novel Snow Crash (《雪崩》). In the novel, players ran away from a dystopian (反乌托邦的) reality by playing a VR game online. In this world, they can buy goods and make their avatars”可知元宇宙一词最初由美国作家Neal Stephenson在其1992年的小说《雪崩》中提出，描述了一个虚拟现实的世界，因此，元宇宙最初是小说中的一种世界观。故选B。 12．词义猜测题。根据“The term was first coined by US author Neal Stephenson in his 1992 novel Snow Crash (《雪崩》)”可知这个词最早是由美国作家Neal Stephenson在小说《雪崩》中创造的，故此处划线部分意为“创造”，和created意义相近。故选C。 13．推理判断题。根据“Supporters of the metaverse have said that the present lack of clarity (清晰) is because of the fact that it’s still under research.”以及“although the metaverse is a new try to make a 3D online interactive experience now, in the future it will become more perfect.”可知元宇宙目前仍处于研究和尝试阶段，尚未完全成熟，即现在它只是在线互动体验的尝试。故选D。 14．细节理解题。根据“Supporters of the metaverse have said that the present lack of clarity (清晰) is because of the fact that it’s still under research.”可知元宇宙的定义仍然不清晰，因为其仍处于研究阶段。故选A。 15．细节理解题。根据“In this world, they can buy goods and make their avatars”可知在元宇宙，可以有虚拟化身；根据“3D space in the metaverse will let you talk, study and play with people around the world,”可知元宇宙中的3D空间将让你与世界各地的人交谈、学习和玩耍；根据“although your avatar may be taking your exams, you will still have to study for them yourself.”可知你的虚拟化身可以帮助你做一些事情。故选C。 B In the universe (宇宙), as we know, there is the sun, the moon, the earth and many stars. Through our geography lessons, we know the earth goes round the sun, and the moon goes round the earth. We have day and night because the earth keeps turning all the time. When our part of the earth turns to the sun, it is day. When our part of the earth turns away from the sun, it is night. Just because the moon is closer to the earth than the sun, it looks much bigger than the sun. Big things will look smaller when they are farther, and small things also look bigger when they are nearer, The sun is bright enough to give out very strong light. The moon can’t give out any light at all, but it looks quite bright too. Why? In fact, the light from the moon comes from the sun. The moon looks much bigger and brighter than the stars. But actually (事实上) the stars are much bigger and brighter than the moon. They look smaller than the moon also because they are farther away from the earth. There are still many other planets (行星) in the universe. All of them move round the sun. But of all these planets, only on the earth there are living things and people can only live on the earth too. At 9:00 a.m., on October 15th 2003, Chinese pilot (飞行员) Yang Liwei was sent up to space. He stayed there for 21 hours. It was the first time for Chinese to get into space. 16．We find the sun ______ than the moon because it is ______ to us. A．bigger; farther B．smaller; closer C．bigger; closer D．smaller; farther 17．When our part of the earth turns away from the sun, the other part of the earth is ______. A．night B．day C．evening D．Sunday 18．When did the pilot from our country return to the earth? A．On November 15th, 2002. B．On October 16th, 2003. C．On May 5th, 2004. D．On October 15th, 2003. 19．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．The moon goes round the earth, and it can’t give out any light at all. B．The moon goes round the sun, and its light is from the sun. C．The sun goes round the earth. D．Only the earth goes round the sun. 【答案】16．D 17．B 18．B 19．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要给我们介绍了一些基础的天文知识。 16．细节理解题。根据“Just because the moon is closer to the earth than the sun, it looks much bigger than the sun.”可知，因为月球比太阳离地球近，所以它看起来就比太阳大得多。故选D。 17．细节理解题。根据根据“When our part of the earth turns to the sun, it is day. When our part of the earth turns away from the sun, it is night.”可知，当地球的这一部分朝向太阳时，就是白天，当地球的这一部分远离太阳时，就是夜晚，所以地球这一部分远离太阳时另一部分是白天。故选B。 18．细节理解题。根据“At 9:00 a.m., on October 15th 2003, Chinese pilot (飞行员) Yang Liwei was sent up to space. He stayed there for 21 hours.”可知，在2003年10月15日9点，中国宇航员杨利伟被发送到太空，他在那待了21小时，那么他返回的时间则是在2003年10月16日。故选B。 19．推理判断题。根据“Through our geography lessons, we know the earth goes round the sun, and the moon goes round the earth. We have day and night because the earth keeps turning all the time. When our part of the earth turns to the sun, it is day. When our part of the earth turns away from the sun, it is night.”可知，地球绕着太阳转，月亮绕着地球转，月亮本身不发光。故A选项是正确的。故选A。 一、短文填空 阅读下面短文，然后根据所给单词的首字母或括号内所给的汉语意思写出单词的正确形式（每空一词）。 In 1957, the Soviet Union sent Sputnik Ⅰ into space. It was the f 1 successful spacecraft to orbit (进入轨道) the Earth, and it started the time period known as the Space Age. A 2 (短的) time later in the US, the National Aeronautics Space Administration (NASA) successfully sent another spacecraft, Explorer Ⅰ, into space. In the year that followed, incredible advances were made. Today, space exploration goes on, and governments still compete w 3 one another to make new discoveries. In 2012, NASA landed its unmanned spacecraft Curiosity on Mars in order to 4 (收集) information about the planet. In 2016, Europe and Russia worked t 5 and sent a spacecraft to Mars. China is also working on similar projects. However, there has been one big change: private companies, i 6 of public government organizations, are entering the Space Race. Private companies are 7 (幸运的) in one way. They don’t have to wait for money from the government like NASA does. They can spend money on these projects by t 8 . However, that doesn’t 9 (意味着) that problems and accidents don’t happen. In 2014, Virgin Galactic’s VSS Enterprise crashed in the Mojave Desert in the US in a test flight. The 39-year-old pilot, Micheal Alsbury, was killed. The race to explore the universe (宇宙) 10 (继续) and the possibilities are endless. Maybe in our lifetime, those dreams will come true. 【答案】 1．(f)irst 2．short 3．(w)ith 4．collect 5．(t)ogether 6．(i)nstead 7．lucky 8．(t)hemselves 9．mean 10．continues 【导语】本文主要介绍了自1957年，第一艘宇宙飞船被送上太空绕地球飞行后，人类开始了太空时代。如今，太空探索仍在继续，各国政府包括私人企业都在努力寻找新的发现。 1．句意：它是第一个成功进入轨道的宇宙飞船，开启了太空时代。根据后句“and it started the time period known as the Space Age”并结合首字母提示可知此处应用“first”，表示“第一个”。故填(f)irst。 2．句意：在一段很短的时间后，美国航空航天局又成功地发射了另一艘宇宙飞船，探索一号，到太空。根据汉语提示可知此处应用形容词“short”，修饰名词“time”。故填short。 3．句意：如今，太空探索在继续，各国政府都在彼此竞争去寻找新发现。根据“compete…one another”并结合首字母提示可知此处应用介词“with”，compete with“和……竞争”。故填(w)ith。 4．句意：在2012年，美国航空航天局将好奇号宇宙飞船着陆在火星，为了收集关于这个星球的信息。根据汉语提示可知此处应用动词“collect”，位于“in order to”后用原形即可。故填collect。 5．句意：在2016年，欧洲和俄罗斯共同合作，把一艘宇宙飞船发送到火星。根据“worked …”并结合首字母提示可知此处应用“together”，work together“合作”。故填(t)ogether。 6．句意：但是，有一个重大的改变：私人企业，而非公共政府组织，正在加入太空竞争。“private companies”和“public government organizations”是表示相对的两个组织，结合首字母提示可知此处应用“instead”，instead of“而不是”。故填(i)nstead。 7．句意：私有企业在某方面来说是幸运的。根据汉语提示可知此处应用形容词“lucky”，位于be动词后作表语。故填lucky。 8．句意：他们可以自己在这些项目上花钱。根据“by…”并结合首字母提示可知此处应用反身代词“themselves”，by themselves“通过他们自己”。故填(t)hemselves。 9．句意：但那并不意味着问题和事故不会发生。根据汉语提示可知此处应用动词“mean”，位于“doesn’t”后用原形即可。故填mean。 10．句意：探索宇宙的竞争在继续着，可能性是无穷无尽的。根据汉语提示可知此处应用动词“continue”，根据并列句“the possibilities are endless”可知时态为一般现在时，主语“The race”是单三，因此动词需变为单三形式“continues”。故填continues。 二、选词填空 （一） 根据短文内容从方框中选择合适的词填空(有两词多余) nearest, learn, Thanks, includes, far, seen, receiving, smaller, Thanks to, The universe (宇宙) is so wide that we still don’t know much about it. It 11 the earth, the sun, the moon and the stars, and the space between them as well. Many of the stars can not be 12 because they are too far away. The moon travels around the earth. It’s our satellite. It’s the 13 to our earth. So far, humans have visited it already. And spaceships without people have reached other parts of the universe. Many countries have launched lots of man-made satellites into space. The satellites travel around the earth and help us 14 more about the earth, the weather and other things. They are used for 15 messages. With their help, TV and radio programs can be sent to countries all over the world. Satellites can also help us make telephone calls to foreign countries. Our knowledge of the universe has been growing all the time. 16 space satellites (人造卫星), the world itself is becoming a much 17 place and people from different countries now understand each other better. 【答案】11．includes 12．seen 13．nearest 14．learn 15．receiving 16．Thanks to 17．smaller 【导语】本文主要介绍了一些与宇宙有关的知识。包括地球的卫星月球，人造卫星的发射以及用途等。 11．句意：它包含着地球，太阳，月球和星星，也有它们之间的空间。分析句子可知，it代指宇宙，横线后的地球，太阳等是宇宙所包含的。所以“includes”包括，符合语境。故填includes。 12．句意：许多的星星不能被看见因为他们太远了。根据后文“because they are too far away”可知，星星不能被看见因为太远了。故填seen。 13．句意：它是对于我们的地球来说是最近的。根据后文“So far, humans have visited it already.”可知，人类已经参观过，前文应是介绍它是最近的。故填nearest。 14．句意：卫星环绕地球并帮助我们了解更多关于地球，天气和其他的东西。根据“help us... more about the earth, the weather and other things”结合所给词，所以是帮助我们了解东西，所给词learn符合语境。故填learn。 15．句意：他们被用来接收信息。根据后文“With their help, TV and radio programs can be sent to countries all over the world. Satellites can also help us make telephone calls to foreign countries.”可知，是被用来接收信息，所以receiving“接收”符合语境。故填receiving。 16．句意：多亏了人造卫星，世界本身正变成一个更小的地方，不同国家的人们现在彼此更好的理解。根据语境应是多亏了人造卫星，所给词“Thanks to”多亏了，符合语境。故填Thanks to。 17．句意：多亏了人造卫星，世界本身正变成一个更小的地方，不同国家的人们现在彼此更好的理解。根据句意应是世界变得更小，much后加比较级，所以smaller“更小”符合语境。故填smaller。 （二） 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 name  have  temperature  reach  who  and  wide  at  planet  four What do you know about Mars? What does it look like? Mars is the 18 planet from the sun in our solar system and 19 after Mars, the Roman god of war. Its diameter is 53% as 20 as that of the earth. Mars gets around the sun 21 a distance of about 228 million kilometers. You can tell which planet is Mars because it is bright red in the night sky. It looks like a red 22 orange ball. It’s very beautiful. But during spring and summer, the surface of Mars is covered by strong storms. The gravity on the surface of Mars is about two-fifths as strong as it is on earth. So a person 23 weighs 90 kilos on earth weighs only 36 kilos on Mars. The 24 on Mars is between -138℃ and 28℃. The air 25 only 0.13% oxygen. It takes a spaceship about eight months 26 Mars from the earth when the two 27 are closest to each other. Scientists are still searching for more information about Mars. 【答案】 18．fourth 19．is named 20．wide 21．at 22．and 23．who 24．temperature 25．has 26．to reach 27．planets 【导语】本文主要讲述了有关火星的一些情况：形状，大小，距离地球有多远等。 18．句意：火星是太阳系中距太阳第四远的行星，以罗马战神马尔斯的名字命名。根据“Mars is the…planet from the sun in our solar system”及备选词可知，它是太阳系中距太阳第四远的行星，此空应填序数词fourth表示“第四”，故填fourth。 19．句意：火星是太阳系中距太阳第四远的行星，以罗马战神马尔斯的名字命名。根据“the Roman god of war”及备选词可知，以罗马战神马尔斯的名字命名，name“命名”，主语与动词name是被动关系，此句是一般现在时，主语Mars是单数形式，系动词用is，故填is named。 20．句意：它的直径是地球宽度的53%。is后接形容词，as…as中间接形容词原级，备选词wide“宽的”符合，故填wide。 21．句意：火星绕太阳运行，距离约为2.28亿公里。at a distance of“相距”，固定搭配，故填at。 22．句意：它看起来像一个红橙相间的球。空格前后是并列关系，用and连接，故填and。 23．句意：所以一个在地球上重90公斤的人在火星上只重36公斤。分析句子结构可知，此处是定语从句，先行词person指人，在从句中作主语，关系词用who，故填who。 24．句意：火星上的温度在-138℃到28℃之间。根据“between -138℃ and 28℃”可知，此处介绍火星的温度，temperature“温度”，不可数名词，故填temperature。 25．句意：空气中只有0.13%的氧气。根据“The air … only 0.13% oxygen.”可知，此处指只有0.13%的氧气，have“有”，此句是一般现在时，主语是不可数名词，动词用三单，故填has。 26．句意：当地球和火星距离最近的时候，一艘宇宙飞船需要大约8个月才能从地球到达火星。根据“takes a spaceship about eight months …Mars from the earth”及备选词可知，需要大约8个月才能从地球到达火星，reach“到达”，固定句式：It takes+一段时间+to do sth，动词不定式作主语，故填to reach。 27．句意：当地球和火星距离最近的时候，一艘宇宙飞船需要大约8个月才能从地球到达火星。根据“when the two … are closest to each other”及备选词可知，此处指当这两个行星离得近的时候，planet“行星”，根据two可知，此空应填复数形式，故填planets。 一、任务型阅读 阅读短文，并按要求完成文后各小题。 In the future, people may travel to Mars by water-powered spaceship! Today’s spaceships are fine for getting things into space, but they are not so good at travelling long distances. These spaceships burn chemical fuels (燃料), and they are very expensive. Scientists say that a water-powered spaceship could make the trip to Mars much cheaper. Scientists think such a space ship could be developed soon. The key to the water-powered spaceship is the engine. Regular engines push spaceships by burning fuel. The water engine will use steam (水蒸气), created by solar panels (太阳能) that heat water to a high temperature. Of course, the spaceship will have to carry a lot of water for the long trip to Mars. Today’s space ships could not carry that much water. But scientists think that a spaceship blown up like a balloon will be able to do it. One US company has already developed a spaceship like this. These spaceships are made of a strong material. Two of them have already been sent up into space, using rockets and then later filled with air. “Balloon” space-ships could carry enough water for a long trip. With the “Balloon” spaceships, enough water could be carried to power the engines and grow food during the trip. And the people on the spaceship might even get to take a hot bath! Scientists say the biggest advantage of such a spaceship would be the cost. The “Balloon” spaceship uses water to push it through space and costs about one thirtieth of a normal spaceship. If these scientists are correct, we may soon be on our way to Mars in the special spaceship. 1、2题完成句子；3题简略回答问题；4题找出并写下第二段的主题句；5题将文中画线句子译成汉语。 1．Today’s spaceships don’t do well in . 2．The spaceship will have to carry for the long trip to Mars. 3．What are the spaceships in US company made of? __________________________________________________________ 4．________________________________________________________ 5．_________________________________________________________ 【答案】 1． travelling long distances 2． a lot of water 3． They are made of a strong material. 4． The key to the water-powered spaceship is the engine. 5． 如果这些科学家是正确的，我们可能很快就会乘坐特殊的宇宙飞船前往火星。 【导语】本文主要介绍了在未来，人们有可能乘坐水力飞船去火星旅行，并介绍了这种飞船的原理和优势。 1．根据“Today’s spaceships are fine for getting things into space, but they are not so good at travelling long distances”可知现在的飞船在长途旅行方面做得不是很好。故填travelling long distances。 2．根据“the spaceship will have to carry a lot of water for the long trip to Mars”可知这种飞船要携带大量水去火星长途旅行。故填a lot of water。 3．根据“These spaceships are made of a strong material”可知美国制造的飞船是由坚固的材料制成。故填They are made of a strong material. 4．根据“The key to the water-powered spaceship is the engine”以及本段内容可知，本段主要介绍了水力飞船的发动机的原理。故填The key to the water-powered spaceship is the engine. 5．If“如果”；these scientists“这些科学家”；correct“正确的”；we“我们”；may“可能”；soon“不久”；be on our way to…“前往”；Mars“火星”；special spaceship“特殊的飞船”。故填“如果这些科学家是正确的，我们可能很快就会乘坐特殊的宇宙飞船前往火星。” ( 1 / 7 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $