热点话题02 诺贝尔医学奖揭晓——崇尚科学家精神（语法填空专练）英语高考复习通用版

热点话题02 诺贝尔医学奖揭晓——崇尚科学家精神 目录 时文精读------------------------------------------------------------精选外刊原创语法填空 【原创·语法填空】 【课标词汇积累】 【课标词汇训练】 【参考译文】 好题精练----------------------------------------------------------精选名校及联考话题专练 【阅读理解】 【阅读7选5】 【完形填空】 【语法填空】 时文精读 读 【话题·导语】 三位诺贝尔奖得主因发现外周免疫耐受而获得医学奖。 【原文·时文阅读】 文章来源：https://english.news.cn/20251006/5b44b305c81a48b2a305702955760f28/c.html STOCKHOLM, Oct. 6 (Xinhua) -- Mary E. Brunkow, Fred Ramsdell, and Shimon Sakaguchi were awarded the 2025 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine on Monday for their discoveries concerning peripheral immune tolerance（外周免疫耐受）. "Their discoveries have been decisive for our understanding of how the immune system functions and why we do not all develop serious autoimmune diseases," said Olle Kampe, chair of the Nobel Committee. The Nobel Assembly at Sweden's Karolinska Institute said the trio's work has had far-reaching clinical implications, paving the way for new treatments for autoimmune diseases and cancer, and potentially improving the success of transplantations. Brunkow, born in 1961, is a senior program manager at the Institute for Systems Biology in the United States. Ramsdell, born in 1960, serves as a scientific advisor at Sonoma Biotherapeutics, also in the United States. Sakaguchi, born in 1951, is a professor at the Immunology Frontier Research Center of Osaka University in Japan. The laureates will share the prize sum of 11 million Swedish kronor (about 1.17 million U.S. dollars). The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine has been awarded since 1901. Last year's prize went to American scientists Victor Ambros and Gary Ruvkun for discovering microRNA and its role in gene regulation.  【原创·语法填空】 STOCKHOLM, Oct. 6 (Xinhua) -- Mary E. Brunkow, Fred Ramsdell, and Shimon Sakaguchi were awarded the 2025 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine on Monday for their discoveries 1._______（concern） peripheral immune tolerance（外周免疫耐受）."Their discoveries have been 2._______（decide） for our understanding of how the immune system functions and 3._______we do not all develop serious autoimmune diseases," said Olle Kampe, chair of the Nobel Committee. The Nobel Assembly at Sweden's Karolinska Institute said the trio's work has had far-reaching clinical implications, 4._______（pave）the way for new treatments for autoimmune diseases and cancer, and 5._______（potential）improving the success of transplantations. Brunkow, born in 1961, is a senior program 6._______（manage） at the Institute for Systems Biology in the United States. Ramsdell, born in 1960, serves 7._______ a scientific advisor at Sonoma Biotherapeutics, also in the United States. Sakaguchi, born in 1951, is 8._______ professor at the Immunology Frontier Research Center of Osaka University in Japan. The laureates will share the prize sum of 11 million Swedish kronor (about 1.17 million U.S. dollars). The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 9._______（ award） since 1901. Last year's prize went to American scientists Victor Ambros and Gary Ruvkun for discovering microRNA and 10._______（it） role in gene regulation.  【答案】1.concerning 2.decisive 3.why 4.paving 5.potentially 6.manager 7.as 8.a 9.has been awarded 10.its 【解析】1.concerning考查介词的用法。玛丽·E·布伦科、弗雷德·拉姆斯代尔和西蒙·坂口因发现外周免疫耐受机制荣获2025年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。此处concerning是介词，意为：有关，关于。故填concerning。 2.decisive考查词形转换。他们的研究为理解免疫系统运作机制及解释为何并非所有人都会患上严重自身免疫性疾病提供了关键性突破。此处decisive for意为：对……是决定性的。故用形容词。故填decisive。（本题易错，注意句意的语境理解） 3.why考查宾语从句。他们的研究为理解免疫系统运作机制及解释为何并非所有人都会患上严重自身免疫性疾病提供了关键性突破。此处作介词for的宾语从句，we do not all develop serious autoimmune diseases从句成分齐全，根据句意用why。故填why。 4.paving考查非谓语动词。三位科学家的研究成果具有深远的临床应用价值，不仅为自身免疫疾病和癌症治疗开辟了新路径，还可能提升器官移植成功率。此处现在分词短语作状语。故填paving。 5.potentially考查词形转换。三位科学家的研究成果具有深远的临床应用价值，不仅为自身免疫疾病和癌症治疗开辟了新路径，还可能提升器官移植成功率。修饰动词improving用副词，故填。 6.manager考查词形转换。布伦科（1961年生）现任美国系统生物学研究所高级项目主管。此处是名词，意为：主管。故填manager。 7.as考查动词短语。拉姆斯代尔（1960年生）担任美国索诺玛生物治疗公司科学顾问。此处serve as意为：充当，担任。故填as。 8.a考查冠词。坂口（1951年生）是日本大阪大学免疫学前沿研究中心教授。此处指：一位教授。故填a。 9.has been awarded考查动词的时态和语态。自1901年起设立的诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。根据时间状语since 1901可知，用现在完成时的被动语态。故填has been awarded。 10.its考查代词的用法。去年由美国科学家维克多·安布罗斯与加里·鲁夫肯因发现微小RNA及其在基因调控中的作用而获得殊荣。此处意为：及其在基因调控中的作用。故填its。 【课标词汇积累】 1.award n.奖，奖赏, 报酬，薪水, 加薪, 授予v.授予, 奖励, 裁定 The university will award scholarships to students who demonstrate outstanding academic performance and community involvement. (大学将向表现优异且积极参与社区活动的学生颁发奖学金。) 2.tolerance n.宽容，容忍, 限度, 耐药量，耐药性 Teachers should promote tolerance in the classroom by encouraging students to respect diverse opinions. (教师应通过鼓励学生尊重不同观点来促进课堂上的包容性。) 3.function n.功能, 函数, 因变量, 宴会; v.工作, 发挥功能 The school library’s primary function is to provide resources that support both academic and independent learning. (学校图书馆的主要功能是提供支持学术和自主学习的资源。) 4.far-reaching adj.影响深远的, 有广泛影响的 Social media has far-reaching effects on students’ mental health and academic focus. (社交媒体对学生的心理健康和学习专注力有深远影响。) 5.senior adj.级别/地位高的，高水平的; n.较年长的人 Senior students are often invited to mentor freshmen, sharing their experiences about balancing studies and extracurricular activities. (高年级学生常被邀请指导新生，分享他们平衡学习和课外活动的经验。) 6.scientific adj.科学（上）的, 细致严谨的 The school’s scientific equipment, like microscopes and lab kits, enhances hands-on learning in biology classes. (学校的科学设备，如显微镜和实验套件，增强了生物课的实践学习。) 7.share v.共有，合用, 分享,有共同之处 n.（应得或应承担的）一份, 股份 Study groups allow students to share notes and clarify difficult concepts together. (学习小组让学生可以共享笔记并一起厘清难点。) 8.regulation n.管理, 控制, 规章, 规则; adj.规定的，必须穿戴的，必须使用的 The new school regulation requires all science projects to include ethical considerations. (新校规要求所有科学项目必须包含伦理考量。) 9.serious adj.严重的, 令人担忧的, 重要的, 严肃的, 认真的, 庄重的, 大量的Universities expect serious commitment from students, especially in research-oriented programs. (大学期望学生认真投入，尤其是在研究型项目中。) 10.clinical adj.临床的, 不带感情的, 简陋的 Medical students gain clinical experience by interning at hospitals under supervision. (医学生通过在监督下医院实习获得临床经验。) 【课标词汇训练】 根据语境，从上面的“课标词汇”中选用合适的单词及其正确形式将句子补充完整。 1.Her research on renewable energy earned her an _____________ from the national science foundation. (她关于可再生能源的研究为她赢得了国家科学基金会的奖项。) 2.Developing _____________  for failure is crucial for students to persist in challenging subjects like mathematics. (培养对失败的容忍度对学生坚持学习数学等挑战性学科至关重要。) 3.Understanding how the brain _____________ can help students develop better study habits. (了解大脑如何运作可以帮助学生培养更好的学习习惯。) 4.The professor’s lecture on climate change had a _____________ impact, inspiring many students to pursue environmental science. (教授关于气候变化的讲座影响深远，激励了许多学生投身环境科学。) 5.The _____________ researcher’s guidance was invaluable to the team’s success in the national science competition. (这位资深研究员的指导对团队在全国科学竞赛中的成功至关重要。) 6.A _____________ approach to problem-solving involves forming hypotheses, conducting experiments, and analyzing data. (科学的问题解决方法包括提出假设、进行实验和分析数据。) 7.The guest speaker encouraged students to _____________ their innovative ideas at the tech conference. (特邀嘉宾鼓励学生在科技会议上分享他们的创新想法。) 8.Strict _____________ of screen time helps students maintain focus during online classes. (严格规范屏幕时间有助于学生在网课期间保持专注。) 9.A _____________ attitude toward plagiarism is essential to maintain academic integrity. (对抄袭的严肃态度对维护学术诚信至关重要。) 10.The _____________ psychology course teaches students how to assess mental health conditions through case studies. (临床心理学课程通过案例研究教授学生如何评估心理健康状况。) Keys: 1.award 2.tolerance 3.functions 4.far-reaching 5.senior 6.scientific 7.share 8.regulation 9.serious 10.clinical 【参考译文】 瑞典卡罗林斯卡学院诺贝尔奖委员会宣布，玛丽·E·布伦科、弗雷德·拉姆斯代尔和西蒙·坂口因发现外周免疫耐受机制荣获2025年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。瑞典卡罗林斯卡学院诺贝尔奖委员会主席奥勒·坎佩表示：“他们的研究为理解免疫系统运作机制及解释为何并非所有人都会患上严重自身免疫性疾病提供了关键性突破。” 该奖项指出，三位科学家的研究成果具有深远的临床应用价值，不仅为自身免疫疾病和癌症治疗开辟了新路径，还可能提升器官移植成功率。 布伦科（1961年生）现任美国系统生物学研究所高级项目主管；拉姆斯代尔（1960年生）担任美国索诺玛生物治疗公司科学顾问；坂口（1951年生）是日本大阪大学免疫学前沿研究中心教授。三位获奖者将共同分享1100万瑞典克朗（约合117万美元）的奖金。 自1901年起设立的诺贝尔生理学或医学奖，去年由美国科学家维克多·安布罗斯与加里·鲁夫肯因发现微小RNA及其在基因调控中的作用而获得殊荣。 好题精练 练 Passage1阅读理解 （2026·河南省百所名校高三上学期开学） Most of us grow up believing that the colors we see around us form the complete palette (调色板) of the world. Yet a team of researchers at the University of California, Berkeley, has challenged that assumption by revealing a color that had never before entered human vision. Ren Ng, a professor of electrical engineering and computer science, together with Austin Roorda, a professor of vision science, made this groundbreaking work possible. Their team developed an experimental platform named Oz, capable of stimulating individual photoreceptor cells (感光细胞) in the retina (视网膜) with extraordinary precision. Instead of merely presenting familiar shades, Oz creates signals in a way that generates entirely novel visual experiences. The scientists likened their exploration to a journey into a brand-new territory. They found themselves face to face with something brilliant and wholly unfamiliar. By directing finely tuned laser beams onto M cone cells—the receptors typically associated with perceiving green—they discovered a color beyond anything nature provides. This striking new color was named “olo” by lead author James Carl Fong. Ng admitted that he initially expected something like the “greenest green” imaginable. Instead, what appeared was a blue-green that didn’t match any standard color. Only five people have been able to witness it, because running Oz requires extreme precision and strict safety measures. The system must account for the eye’s constant micro-movements while keeping laser exposure within safe limits. Far from being a mere curiosity, this discovery raises profound questions about human perception. If technology can find “olo”, how many other hidden colors might await discovery? Consider tetrachromacy (四色视觉), a rare condition enabling certain individuals—mostly women—to see hundreds of millions of colors invisible to most people. Ng wonders if a vast, unexplored area of color could exist beyond our current understanding where colors like “olo” are only the start. 1．What can we know about the Oz platform? A．It generates artificial cells. B．It causes new colors to emerge. C．It is named after its creator. D．It works like humans’ retinas. 2．What is special about the color “olo”? A．It is a common color found in nature. B．It is the greenest green that can be imagined. C．It is a color that doesn’t match any standard one. D．It can only be seen by people with tetrachromacy. 3．Why is tetrachromacy mentioned? A．To describe how the Oz system operates. B．To stress the unique vision power of women. C．To explain the principle behind the experiment. D．To illustrate the possibility of discovering unseen colors. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．A Breakthrough in Human Vision B．How Did Scientists Find a New Cell? C．The Discovery of a Never-Before-seen Color D．Could There Be More Colors We Cannot See? 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．C 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是加州大学伯克利分校的研究团队通过科技创新发现了一种人类从未见过的全新色彩“olo”，并由此引发了对人类视觉认知边界的深刻探讨。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段的“Their team developed an experimental platform named Oz, capable of stimulating individual photoreceptor cells (感光细胞) in the retina (视网膜) with extraordinary precision. Instead of merely presenting familiar shades, Oz creates signals in a way that generates entirely novel visual experiences.(他们的团队开发了一个名为Oz的实验平台，能够以非凡的精度刺激视网膜中的单个感光细胞。Oz不只是呈现熟悉的色调，而是以能生成全新视觉体验的方式来产生信号。)”可知，Oz平台会产生新的颜色。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段的“They found themselves face to face with something brilliant and wholly unfamiliar.(他们发现自己面对的是一件辉煌而又完全陌生的东西。)”和第四段的“Ng admitted that he initially expected something like the “greenest green” imaginable. Instead, what appeared was a blue-green that didn’t match any standard color.(Ng承认，他起初本以为会看到一种堪称“最绿的绿色”。然而，实际呈现的却是一种蓝绿色，与任何标准颜色都不匹配。)”可知，“olo”这个颜色的特别之处是这是一种与任何标准颜色都不匹配的颜色。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“If technology can find “olo”, how many other hidden colors might await discovery? Consider tetrachromacy (四色视觉), a rare condition enabling certain individuals—mostly women—to see hundreds of millions of colors invisible to most people. Ng wonders if a vast, unexplored area of color could exist beyond our current understanding where colors like “olo” are only the start.(如果技术可以发现“olo”，那么还有多少隐藏的颜色等待被发现呢？以四色视为例，这是一种罕见的视觉特质，使某些人——主要是女性——能够看到大多数人看不见的数亿种颜色。Ng想知道，在我们目前的理解之外，是否存在一个广阔的、未开发的颜色领域，像“olo”这样的颜色只是一个开始。)”可知，文中提到tetrachromacy是为了说明发现看不见的颜色的可能性。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第三段“The scientists likened their exploration to a journey into a brand-new territory. They found themselves face to face with something brilliant and wholly unfamiliar. By directing finely tuned laser beams onto M cone cells—the receptors typically associated with perceiving green—they discovered a color beyond anything nature provides. This striking new color was named “olo” by lead author James Carl Fong.(科学家们把他们的探险比作进入一个全新领域的旅行。他们发现自己面对的是一件辉煌而又完全陌生的东西。通过将精细调谐的激光束射向M锥细胞（通常与感知绿色有关的受体），他们发现了一种超越自然界提供的颜色。这种引人注目的新颜色被主要作者James Carl Fong命名为“olo”。)”可知，本文主要讲的是加州大学伯克利分校的研究团队通过科技创新发现了一种人类从未见过的全新色彩“olo”，并由此引发了对人类视觉认知边界的深刻探讨，因此最好的题目是C选项“The Discovery of a Never-Before-seen Color(一种从未见过的颜色的发现)”，故选C。 【词汇积累】 1.challenge n.挑战, 比赛邀请, 质疑; v.对…怀疑, 挑战，考验 2.assumption n.假定, 承担, 获得 3.reveal v.揭示, 展示 4.electrical adj.用电的, 供电的, 电能的 5.groundbreaking adj.开创性的，突破性的 6.extraordinary adj.非凡的, 非常奇特的, 特别的 7.generate v.生（儿、女）( generate的第三人称单数 ), （通过物理或化学过程）发生, 生成, 引起 8.curiosity n.好奇心, 求知欲 9.initially adv.开始, 最初 10.invisible adj.看不见的，无形的 Passage2阅读理解 （2026·江西省吉安市上进联考红十校联盟高三上学期开学） Parkinson’s law states: “Work expands so as to fill the time available for its completion.” In other words, things become harder to complete when more time is given to complete them as the build-up to the task becomes stressful and frightening. Parkinson’s law is not a scientific principle. Instead, it is simply an observation of a phenomenon many people including scientists have experienced rather than dug into. As first described by CyrilNorthcote Parkinson in a 1955 humor essay published in The Economist, it can explain the expansion of organizations. However, it can also be a helpful way to think about other types of work, including personal productivity. The complexity of a task tends to grow when more time is distributed for its completion. When you find yourself finishing the task, you might feel a sense of relief but also wonder why the project became so much more of a burden in your mind than it was in real life. The “extra time” that the task requires often isn’t related to the task itself — it’s mental stress caused by worrying about getting it done. In Parkinson’s original example, a woman’s task for the day was just to mail a postcard. As a result of having the entire day to complete the simple task, the amount of work and time required expanded to fill the whole day. The fictional woman spent a half-hour searching for her reading glasses. Writing the postcard took another two hours. More time was spent finding a stamp, writing the address, and walking the postcard to the post office. One reason why this phenomenon happens lies in how people tend to approach tasks. Research indicates that when people start a new project, they tend to focus on how much time they have available to do it instead of how much time the task would take to complete. While Parkinson’s law is a phenomenon that can lead to wasted time and inefficient work, it doesn’t have to be a problem if you’re aware of it. 5．Why does Parkinson’s law fail to be a scientific principle? A．It lacks profound research. B．It serves certain enterprises. C．It has shallow implications. D．It aims to uncover an issue. 6．What does paragraph 3 mainly discuss about Parkinson’s law? A．Its present situation. B．Its underlying logic. C．Its mental influence. D．Its unnoticed worth. 7．What does Parkinson’s original example imply? A．Looking for glasses didn’t matter. B．Mailing a postcard took two hours. C．Categorizing tasks consumed time. D．Task expands to fill available time. 8．What might be discussed in the follow-up text? A．Views on deadline setting. B．Modes of task assignment. C．Difficulties in high outputs. D．Tips for time management. 【答案】5．A 6．B 7．D 8．D 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了帕金森定律，说明其并非科学原理，而是对常见现象的观察，解释了其潜在逻辑、原始例子及成因，并指出意识到这一现象可避免其带来的问题。 5．细节理解题。根据第二段“Parkinson’s law is not a scientific principle. Instead, it is simply an observation of a phenomenon many people including scientists have experienced rather than dug into. (帕金森定律不是一个科学原理。相反，它只是对一种现象的观察，包括科学家在内的许多人都经历过，而不是深入研究过。)”可知，帕金森定律不能成为科学原理是因为它缺乏深入的研究。故选A。 6．主旨大意题。根据第三段“The complexity of a task tends to grow when more time is distributed for its completion. When you find yourself finishing the task, you might feel a sense of relief but also wonder why the project became so much more of a burden in your mind than it was in real life. The “extra time” that the task requires often isn’t related to the task itself — it’s mental stress caused by worrying about getting it done. (当分配更多的时间来完成任务时，任务的复杂性往往会增加。当你发现自己完成了任务，你可能会有一种解脱的感觉，但也想知道为什么这个项目在你的脑海中比在现实生活中成为了如此多的负担。任务所需的“额外时间”通常与任务本身无关——它是由于担心完成任务而引起的精神压力。)”可知，第三段主要讨论了帕金森定律的基本逻辑。故选B。 7．推理判断题。根据第四段“In Parkinson’s original example, a woman’s task for the day was just to mail a postcard. As a result of having the entire day to complete the simple task, the amount of work and time required expanded to fill the whole day. The fictional woman spent a half-hour searching for her reading glasses. Writing the postcard took another two hours. More time was spent finding a stamp, writing the address, and walking the postcard to the post office. (在帕金森最初的例子中，一位女士当天的任务只是寄一张明信片。由于她有一整天的时间来完成这项简单的任务，所需的工作量和时间便扩展到了填满一整天。这位虚构的女士花了半个小时找她的老花镜。写明信片又花了两个小时。她还花了更多时间找邮票、写地址，以及把明信片送到邮局。)”可知，帕金森氏症最初的例子暗示了任务会扩展以填满可用时间。故选D。 8．推理判断题。根据最后一段“While Parkinson’s law is a phenomenon that can lead to wasted time and inefficient work, it doesn’t have to be a problem if you’re aware of it. (虽然帕金森定律是一种会导致时间浪费和工作效率低下的现象，但如果你意识到这一点，它就不会成为一个问题。)”可知，接下来可能会讨论如何应对帕金森定律，即掌握管理时间的技巧，以避免时间浪费和低效工作。故选D。 【长难句分析】 【文章原句】Research indicates that when people start a new project, they tend to focus on how much time they have available to do it instead of how much time the task would take to complete. 【句式分析】 这个句子是一个复合句，包含多个分句和修饰成分。that后是宾语从句，when people start a new project是宾语从句中的时间状语从句，how much time they have available to do it是宾语从句中的宾语从句，instead of前后是并列关系，how much time the task would take to complete仍然是宾语从句。 【翻译】研究表明，当人们开始一个新项目时，他们倾向于关注他们有多少时间去做它，而不是任务需要多少时间来完成。 Passage 3 阅读七选五 （2026·江苏省南京市六校联合体高三上学期8月学情调研考试） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 With data shaping everything from healthcare breakthroughs to the latest entertainment trends, data scientists are at the heart of some of the most exciting innovations happening right now. 1 In the simplest terms, data scientists are the problem-solvers of the digital age. They collect, analyze and interpret complex datasets to help businesses solve real-world problems. 2 Whether it’s uncovering hidden patterns in customer data, improving product quality or helping businesses make smarter decisions, data scientists are always deeply engaged in it. Data scientists are highly skilled in coding. 3 It’s also used to automate repetitive tasks, freeing up time for more creative work. While not every task will involve coding, it’s still a core skill that enables data scientists to obtain insights efficiently and effectively. It’s the foundation upon which they build the models and tools that power business innovations. 4 With more and more data being generated every day, skilled data professionals are more popular than ever. This rapid growth is driven by the increasing need for data to inform smarter decision-making across every industry. Roles in the field span a wide range, including machine learning engineer, data analyst, quantitative researcher and business intelligence specialist. With AI moving at lightning speed, it’s natural to wonder if data scientists could one day be replaced by AI. While AI can automate repetitive tasks like data preparation, it doesn’t have the critical thinking and strategic decision-making that human data scientists bring to the table. 5 If you have a passion for coding and get excited about turning data into real-world solutions, data science might just be your perfect match. A．Are data scientists in demand? B．Coding isn’t just for creating instructions. C．The life of a data scientist is anything but dull. D．They excel at turning raw data into actionable insights. E．So, rather than replacing data scientists, AI will help them. F．But what is it actually like to be a data scientist in today’s world? G．However, their work could not always lead to practical solutions. 【答案】1．F 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．E 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了数据科学家在当今社会中的重要角色。 1．上文“With data shaping everything from healthcare breakthroughs to the latest entertainment trends, data scientists are at the heart of some of the most exciting innovations happening right now. (数据正在塑造从医疗突破到最新娱乐趋势的一切，数据科学家正处于当前一些最令人兴奋的创新的核心)”指出数据科学家在当今社会中的重要性。F选项“But what is it actually like to be a data scientist in today’s world?(但在当今世界，成为一名数据科学家到底是什么样的呢？)”提出了一个问题，自然引出了下文对数据科学家角色的具体描述。因此，F选项承上启下，符合语境。故选F。 2．上文“In the simplest terms, data scientists are the problem-solvers of the digital age. They collect, analyze and interpret complex datasets to help businesses solve real-world problems. (简单来说，数据科学家就是数字时代的解决问题者。他们收集、分析并解读复杂的数据集，以帮助企业解决实际问题。)”指出数据科学家的主要工作是将复杂数据转化为可解决实际问题的见解。D选项“They excel at turning raw data into actionable insights.(他们擅长将原始数据转化为可操作的见解)”直接对应了上文的描述，进一步解释了数据科学家的核心能力。因此，D选项符合语境。故选D。 3．根据上文提到“Data scientists are highly skilled in coding.(数据科学家在编码方面技能高超)”和下文“It’s also used to automate repetitive tasks, freeing up time for more creative work.(它还被用来自动化重复任务，为更具创造性的工作腾出时间)”可知，编码不仅用于创建指令，还有其他重要作用。B选项“Coding isn’t just for creating instructions.(编码不仅仅是为了创建指令)”承上启下，引出了下文对编码在数据科学家工作中其他作用的描述。因此，B选项符合语境。故选B。 4．下文“With more and more data being generated every day, skilled data professionals are more popular than ever. (随着每天生成的数据越来越多，熟练的数据专业人才比以往任何时候都更受欢迎)”指出数据科学家在当前社会中的需求很高。A选项“Are data scientists in demand?(数据科学家有需求吗？)”提出了一个问题，自然引出了下文对数据科学家需求增长的描述。因此，A选项符合语境。故选A。 5．上文“While AI can automate repetitive tasks like data preparation, it doesn’t have the critical thinking and strategic decision-making that human data scientists bring to the table. (虽然人工智能可以自动化数据准备等重复任务，但它不具备人类数据科学家所带来的批判性思维和战略决策能力)”指出人工智能无法完全替代数据科学家。E选项“So, rather than replacing data scientists, AI will help them.(因此，人工智能不会取代数据科学家，而是会帮助他们)”承接上文，进一步解释了人工智能和数据科学家之间的关系，即人工智能将作为辅助工具帮助数据科学家更高效地完成工作。因此，E选项符合语境。故选E。 Passage 4 完形填空 （2025·四川省巴中市高三下学期三模） When I studied in my high school, I did an experiment about how the temperature affected the growth of a plant. That experiment made me 1 that science teaches us the domino effect (多米诺效应) in the environment. It teaches people our 2 so we know where we are from. That day I 3 decided to be a scientist and that will be my greatest ambition in life. Ever since that day I have studied harder 4 in all my science-related subjects. After school I do much research on how I can become a   5 scientist in the future. One of my 6 in becoming a scientist is Barbara McClintock. She has been awarded the 1983 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. At 25 she already had her PhD in botany and after that she started her 7 as the leader in the development of maize cytogenetics (玉米细胞遗传学) and she was 8 to that research for the rest of her life. If I am lucky and given the 9 to achieve my ambition as a scientist, I want to be like Doctor McClintock. She 10 something that helped the other scientists 11 the thing about genetics that did not just help her generation but also the future generation. I know I will be able to achieve my 12 as long as I put my heart and perseverance into it. If I am lucky enough to achieve my goal, I will share my 13 with all the kids who also love science and want to become scientists. My future will be as 14 as the stars in the night sky. My future is still far but I will make the most of all in the 15 to achieve my greatest ambition of becoming a scientist. 1．A．recognize B．suspect C．treasure D．wonder 2．A．root B．school C．study D．development 3．A．lazily B．easily C．resolutely D．partly 4．A．potentially B．particularly C．separately D．suitably 5．A．popular B．content C．outstanding D．careful 6．A．persuasions B．creations C．generations D．inspirations 7．A．experience B．career C．science D．compliment 8．A．addicted B．dedicated C．attached D．linked 9．A．freedom B．reason C．opportunity D．privilege 10．A．scheduled B．heard C．predicted D．discovered 11．A．figure out B．head out C．carry out D．stand out 12．A．reward B．fame C．platform D．ambition 13．A．determination B．information C．fortune D．brightness 14．A．qualified B．shining C．brave D．proud 15．A．mind B．lecture C．heart D．present 【答案】 1．A 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．C 6．D 7．B 8．B 9．C 10．D 11．A 12．D 13．C 14．B 15．D 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍作者因高中的科学实验立志成为科学家，以芭芭拉·麦克林托克为榜样，决心努力实现理想。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那个实验让我认识到科学教会我们环境中的多米诺效应。A. recognize认识到；B. suspect怀疑；C. treasure珍视；D. wonder想知道。根据上文的“When I studied in my high school, I did an experiment about how the temperature affected the growth of a plant.(当我读高中的时候，我做了一个关于温度如何影响植物生长的实验)”以及下文的“science teaches us the domino effect”可知，这个实验使作者“认识到”科学揭示的规律。故选A项。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它教会人们我们的起源，所以我们知道自己从哪里来。A. root起源，根源；B. school学校；C. study研究；D. development发展。根据下文的“so we know where we are from.”可知，科学让人了解自身“起源”。故选A项。 3．考查副词词义辨析。句意：那天我坚决决定成为一名科学家，这将是我一生中最大的抱负。A. lazily懒惰地；B. easily容易地；C. resolutely坚决地；D. partly部分地。根据下文的“Ever since that day I have studied harder ____4____ in all my science-related subjects.”以及“my greatest ambition”可知，作者从那以后开始努力学习，尤其是在所有与科学相关的科目上，由此可推断，此处指的是作者“坚决地”立下志向。故选C项。 4．考查副词词义辨析。句意：从那天起，我更加努力地学习，尤其是在所有与科学相关的科目上。A. potentially潜在地；B. particularly尤其；C. separately分别地；D. suitably适当地。根据上文的“That day I ____3____ decided to be a scientist and that will be my greatest ambition in life.”可知，作者把成为一名科学家定为一生中最大的抱负，结合下文的“in all my science-related subjects.”可知，作者在学习上“尤其”侧重与科学相关的学科。故选B项。 5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：放学后，我做了很多关于如何在未来成为一名杰出科学家的研究。A. popular受欢迎的；B. content满足的；C. outstanding杰出的；D. careful仔细的。根据语境和上文的“After school I do much research”可知，作者立志成为一名科学家，而且为此努力学习所有与科学相关的科目，为此还进行一些调查研究，由此可推断，此处指的是作者希望成为“杰出的”科学家。故选C项。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：成为科学家的鼓舞之一来自芭芭拉·麦克林托克。A. persuasions说服；B. creations创造；C. generations一代；D. inspirations鼓舞，灵感。根据下文的“Barbara McClintock”及“She has been awarded the 1983 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.(她被授予1983年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖)”可知，这位科学家让作者深受鼓舞。故选D项。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：25岁时，她已经获得了植物学博士学位，之后她开始了自己的职业生涯，成为玉米细胞遗传学发展的领导者，并且余生都致力于这项研究。A. experience经历；B. career职业；C. science科学；D. compliment赞美。根据上文的“At 25 she already had her PhD in botany”可知，她在25岁博士毕业，结合下文的“as the leader in the development of maize cytogenetics (玉米细胞遗传学)”可知，她成为玉米细胞遗传学发展的领导者，由此可指，此处指的是她获得博士学位后开启“职业生涯”符合语境。故选B项。 8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：25岁时，她已经获得了植物学博士学位，之后她开始了自己的职业生涯，成为玉米细胞遗传学发展的领导者，并且余生都致力于这项研究。A. addicted沉迷的；B. dedicated专注的；C. attached依恋的；D. linked关联的。根据下文的“for the rest of her life”可知，她一生“专注于”研究。故选B项。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我幸运地有机会实现成为科学家的抱负，我想成为像麦克林托克博士那样的人。A. freedom自由；B. reason原因；C. opportunity机会；D. privilege特权。根据上文的“If I am lucky”以及下文的“I want to be like Doctor McClintock.”可知，作者认为如果幸运的话，自己要成为麦克林托克博士那样的人，由此可知，此处指的是作者希望获得实现理想的“机会”符合语境。故选C项。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她发现了一些帮助其他科学家弄清楚遗传学相关知识的东西，这些知识不仅帮助了她那一代人，也帮助了未来的一代。A. scheduled安排；B. heard听说；C. predicted预测；D. discovered发现。根据上文提到她被授予诺贝尔生理学或医学奖以及下文的“that helped the other scientists____11____ the thing about genetics that did not just help her generation but also the future generation.”可知，此处介绍了一些能帮助其他科学家弄清楚遗传学相关知识的东西，所以，这里值得应是她“发现”了科学成果。故选D项。 11．考查动词短语辨析。句意：她发现了一些帮助其他科学家弄清楚遗传学相关知识的东西，这些知识不仅帮助了她那一代人，也帮助了未来的一代。A. figure out弄清楚；B. head out出发；C. carry out执行；D. stand out突出。根据下文的“that did not just help her generation but also the future generation.”可知，她的发现可以帮助一代一代的科学家，结合“the thing about genetics”可知，此处指的是她的发现可以帮助科学家们“弄清楚”遗传学问题。故选A项。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我知道，只要我用心和坚持，我就能实现我的抱负。A. reward奖励；B. fame名声；C. platform平台；D. ambition抱负。根据上文“If I am lucky and given the ____9____ to achieve my ambition as a scientist, I want to be like Doctor McClintock.”可知，作者认为自己只要用心和坚持，应该可以实现自己的“抱负”符合语境。故选D项。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我有幸实现我的目标，我会把我的幸运分享给所有热爱科学并想成为科学家的孩子们。A. determination决心；B. information信息；C. fortune幸运，财富；D. brightness光明。根据语境和上文的“If I am lucky enough to achieve my goal”以及下文的“who also love science and want to become scientists.”可知，作者认为如果自己有幸实现目标，就会与那些热爱科学并想成为科学家的孩子们分享自己的“幸运”。故选C项。 14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的未来将像夜空中的星星一样闪耀。A. qualified合格的；B. shining闪耀的；C. brave勇敢的；D. proud骄傲的。根据常识和下文的“stars in the night sky”可知，未来如星辰般“闪耀”符合语境。故选B项。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的未来还很遥远，但我会在现在充分利用一切，实现我成为科学家的最大抱负。A. mind头脑；B. lecture讲座；C. heart心；D. present现在。根据上文的“My future is still far”可知，作者认为自己的未来还很遥远，结合but可知，此处指的是作者要把握“现在”符合语境。故选D项。 Passage 5 语法填空 （2025·甘肃省天水市模拟预测（B）） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Back in 1 late 1700s, long before people understood the reason behind immunity, farmers and doctors in rural areas of Britain noticed that dairymaids (挤奶女工) and other people who got a mild disease called cowpox (牛痘) seldom caught its fearsome cousin, smallpox (天花). Was there a connection? Some decided there was and inserted (嵌入的) material from the cowpox into an incision they cut on the arm of healthy people, thus somehow 2 (protect) them from smallpox. In 1798, a doctor named Edward Jenner published the results of his experiments using this procedure, earning 3 (he) fame as the “Father of Immunology”. Scientists later figured out that cowpox somehow protected one from smallpox. When people caught cowpox, their bodies made special cells 4 (call) antibodies. They fought the disease. That’s not all. They stayed in the blood 5 case the disease ever returned. Because cowpox and smallpox are fairly similar, if a person was later exposed to the more serious disease, antibodies were ready 6 (fight) it too. That knowledge helped scientists develop vaccines. The term vaccination originated from Latin. They contain the viruses, weakened, dead or modified (改良的). Injected into the blood, they trick the immune system into making antibodies. 7 the body ever meets with those same 8 (virus), even at full strength, the antibodies make short work of them. Vaccination prior to 9 (expose) to the virus is ideal. But a vaccination given within three days of exposure will 10 (complete) prevent or significantly modify smallpox in the majority of people and given within the first four to seven days will likely offer some protection or soften the disease. 【答案】 1．the 2．protecting 3．himself/his 4．called 5．in 6．to fight 7．If/When 8．viruses 9．exposure 10．completely 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了18世纪末Edward Jenner发现接种牛痘提取物能预防天花，从而开创疫苗接种的历史，并解释了抗体如何通过识别相似病毒提供免疫力。 1．考查冠词。句意：早在18世纪末，远在人们理解免疫原理之前，英国乡村的农民和医生注意到，挤奶女工和其他感染过一种名为牛痘的轻微疾病的人，很少染上其可怕的近亲——天花。空后为late 1700s，“某世纪某年代”前需加定冠词the。故填the。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：一些人认为有，于是将牛痘的提取物注入健康人手臂上的切口，从而以某种方式保护他们免受天花侵害。句子主干成分完整，空处表示随着谓语行为自然发生的结果，作结果状语，应用protect“保护”的现在分词形式。故填protecting。 3．考查代词。句意：1798年，一位名叫Edward Jenner的医生发表了使用此方法的实验结果，并因此赢得了“免疫学之父”的声誉。earn sb. sth.意为“为某人赢得某物”，空处作earning的宾语，此处earn这一动作的实施者和承受者为同一人，空处应用he的反身代词形式，或用earn sth.表示“赢得某物，挣得某物”，把空处看作修饰名词fame的定语，用形容词性物主代词his。故填himself/his。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：当人感染牛痘时，身体会产生一种特殊的细胞，称为抗体。空处是非谓语，作special cells的后置定语，call“称作”和special cells逻辑上是被动关系，因此用call的过去分词形式。故填called。 5．考查介词。句意：它们还会留在血液中，以防疾病再次来袭。结合“the disease ever returned”可知，此处应用固定搭配in case表示“以防”，引导目的状语从句。故填in。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：由于牛痘和天花非常相似，如果一个人后来接触更严重的天花病毒，抗体也能迅速投入战斗。be ready to do sth.是固定短语，意为“准备好做某事”，空处应用fight“与……作斗争”的不定式形式。故填to fight。 7．考查状语从句。句意：如果身体日后遇到同样的病毒/当身体日后遇到同样的病毒时，哪怕病毒来势汹汹，抗体也能轻松消灭它们。前半句也可理解为是后半句发生的条件，空处可用从属连词if引导条件状语从句，意为“如果”；前半句可理解为和后半句同时发生，空处可用从属连词when引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”，且空处位于句首，if或when的首字母均需大写。故填If/When。 8．考查名词的数。句意：如果身体日后遇到同样的病毒/当身体日后遇到同样的病毒时，哪怕病毒来势汹汹，抗体也能轻松消灭它们。空处作with的宾语，those后应用可数名词virus“病毒”的复数形式。故填viruses。 9．考查名词。句意：理想情况下，应在接触病毒前接种疫苗。空处作介词to的宾语，名词exposure符合题意，意为“接触”，是不可数名词。故填exposure。 10．考查副词。句意：但若在接触后3天内接种，仍能完全预防或大幅减轻天花症状；而在接触后4至7天内接种，也可能提供部分保护或减轻病情。空处修饰动词prevent，副词completely符合题意，意为“完全地”。故填completely。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 10 / 22 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 热点话题02 诺贝尔医学奖揭晓——崇尚科学家精神 目录 时文精读------------------------------------------------------------精选外刊原创语法填空 【原创·语法填空】 【课标词汇积累】 【课标词汇训练】 【参考译文】 好题精练----------------------------------------------------------精选名校及联考话题专练 【阅读理解】 【阅读7选5】 【完形填空】 【语法填空】 时文精读 读 【话题·导语】 三位诺贝尔奖得主因发现外周免疫耐受而获得医学奖。 【原文·时文阅读】 文章来源：https://english.news.cn/20251006/5b44b305c81a48b2a305702955760f28/c.html STOCKHOLM, Oct. 6 (Xinhua) -- Mary E. Brunkow, Fred Ramsdell, and Shimon Sakaguchi were awarded the 2025 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine on Monday for their discoveries concerning peripheral immune tolerance（外周免疫耐受）. "Their discoveries have been decisive for our understanding of how the immune system functions and why we do not all develop serious autoimmune diseases," said Olle Kampe, chair of the Nobel Committee. The Nobel Assembly at Sweden's Karolinska Institute said the trio's work has had far-reaching clinical implications, paving the way for new treatments for autoimmune diseases and cancer, and potentially improving the success of transplantations. Brunkow, born in 1961, is a senior program manager at the Institute for Systems Biology in the United States. Ramsdell, born in 1960, serves as a scientific advisor at Sonoma Biotherapeutics, also in the United States. Sakaguchi, born in 1951, is a professor at the Immunology Frontier Research Center of Osaka University in Japan. The laureates will share the prize sum of 11 million Swedish kronor (about 1.17 million U.S. dollars). The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine has been awarded since 1901. Last year's prize went to American scientists Victor Ambros and Gary Ruvkun for discovering microRNA and its role in gene regulation.  【原创·语法填空】 STOCKHOLM, Oct. 6 (Xinhua) -- Mary E. Brunkow, Fred Ramsdell, and Shimon Sakaguchi were awarded the 2025 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine on Monday for their discoveries 1._______（concern） peripheral immune tolerance（外周免疫耐受）."Their discoveries have been 2._______（decide） for our understanding of how the immune system functions and 3._______we do not all develop serious autoimmune diseases," said Olle Kampe, chair of the Nobel Committee. The Nobel Assembly at Sweden's Karolinska Institute said the trio's work has had far-reaching clinical implications, 4._______（pave）the way for new treatments for autoimmune diseases and cancer, and 5._______（potential）improving the success of transplantations. Brunkow, born in 1961, is a senior program 6._______（manage） at the Institute for Systems Biology in the United States. Ramsdell, born in 1960, serves 7._______ a scientific advisor at Sonoma Biotherapeutics, also in the United States. Sakaguchi, born in 1951, is 8._______ professor at the Immunology Frontier Research Center of Osaka University in Japan. The laureates will share the prize sum of 11 million Swedish kronor (about 1.17 million U.S. dollars). The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 9._______（ award） since 1901. Last year's prize went to American scientists Victor Ambros and Gary Ruvkun for discovering microRNA and 10._______（it） role in gene regulation.  【课标词汇积累】 1.award n.奖，奖赏, 报酬，薪水, 加薪, 授予v.授予, 奖励, 裁定 The university will award scholarships to students who demonstrate outstanding academic performance and community involvement. (大学将向表现优异且积极参与社区活动的学生颁发奖学金。) 2.tolerance n.宽容，容忍, 限度, 耐药量，耐药性 Teachers should promote tolerance in the classroom by encouraging students to respect diverse opinions. (教师应通过鼓励学生尊重不同观点来促进课堂上的包容性。) 3.function n.功能, 函数, 因变量, 宴会; v.工作, 发挥功能 The school library’s primary function is to provide resources that support both academic and independent learning. (学校图书馆的主要功能是提供支持学术和自主学习的资源。) 4.far-reaching adj.影响深远的, 有广泛影响的 Social media has far-reaching effects on students’ mental health and academic focus. (社交媒体对学生的心理健康和学习专注力有深远影响。) 5.senior adj.级别/地位高的，高水平的; n.较年长的人 Senior students are often invited to mentor freshmen, sharing their experiences about balancing studies and extracurricular activities. (高年级学生常被邀请指导新生，分享他们平衡学习和课外活动的经验。) 6.scientific adj.科学（上）的, 细致严谨的 The school’s scientific equipment, like microscopes and lab kits, enhances hands-on learning in biology classes. (学校的科学设备，如显微镜和实验套件，增强了生物课的实践学习。) 7.share v.共有，合用, 分享,有共同之处 n.（应得或应承担的）一份, 股份 Study groups allow students to share notes and clarify difficult concepts together. (学习小组让学生可以共享笔记并一起厘清难点。) 8.regulation n.管理, 控制, 规章, 规则; adj.规定的，必须穿戴的，必须使用的 The new school regulation requires all science projects to include ethical considerations. (新校规要求所有科学项目必须包含伦理考量。) 9.serious adj.严重的, 令人担忧的, 重要的, 严肃的, 认真的, 庄重的, 大量的Universities expect serious commitment from students, especially in research-oriented programs. (大学期望学生认真投入，尤其是在研究型项目中。) 10.clinical adj.临床的, 不带感情的, 简陋的 Medical students gain clinical experience by interning at hospitals under supervision. (医学生通过在监督下医院实习获得临床经验。) 【课标词汇训练】 根据语境，从上面的“课标词汇”中选用合适的单词及其正确形式将句子补充完整。 1.Her research on renewable energy earned her an _____________ from the national science foundation. (她关于可再生能源的研究为她赢得了国家科学基金会的奖项。) 2.Developing _____________  for failure is crucial for students to persist in challenging subjects like mathematics. (培养对失败的容忍度对学生坚持学习数学等挑战性学科至关重要。) 3.Understanding how the brain _____________ can help students develop better study habits. (了解大脑如何运作可以帮助学生培养更好的学习习惯。) 4.The professor’s lecture on climate change had a _____________ impact, inspiring many students to pursue environmental science. (教授关于气候变化的讲座影响深远，激励了许多学生投身环境科学。) 5.The _____________ researcher’s guidance was invaluable to the team’s success in the national science competition. (这位资深研究员的指导对团队在全国科学竞赛中的成功至关重要。) 6.A _____________ approach to problem-solving involves forming hypotheses, conducting experiments, and analyzing data. (科学的问题解决方法包括提出假设、进行实验和分析数据。) 7.The guest speaker encouraged students to _____________ their innovative ideas at the tech conference. (特邀嘉宾鼓励学生在科技会议上分享他们的创新想法。) 8.Strict _____________ of screen time helps students maintain focus during online classes. (严格规范屏幕时间有助于学生在网课期间保持专注。) 9.A _____________ attitude toward plagiarism is essential to maintain academic integrity. (对抄袭的严肃态度对维护学术诚信至关重要。) 10.The _____________ psychology course teaches students how to assess mental health conditions through case studies. (临床心理学课程通过案例研究教授学生如何评估心理健康状况。) 【参考译文】 瑞典卡罗林斯卡学院诺贝尔奖委员会宣布，玛丽·E·布伦科、弗雷德·拉姆斯代尔和西蒙·坂口因发现外周免疫耐受机制荣获2025年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。瑞典卡罗林斯卡学院诺贝尔奖委员会主席奥勒·坎佩表示：“他们的研究为理解免疫系统运作机制及解释为何并非所有人都会患上严重自身免疫性疾病提供了关键性突破。” 该奖项指出，三位科学家的研究成果具有深远的临床应用价值，不仅为自身免疫疾病和癌症治疗开辟了新路径，还可能提升器官移植成功率。 布伦科（1961年生）现任美国系统生物学研究所高级项目主管；拉姆斯代尔（1960年生）担任美国索诺玛生物治疗公司科学顾问；坂口（1951年生）是日本大阪大学免疫学前沿研究中心教授。三位获奖者将共同分享1100万瑞典克朗（约合117万美元）的奖金。 自1901年起设立的诺贝尔生理学或医学奖，去年由美国科学家维克多·安布罗斯与加里·鲁夫肯因发现微小RNA及其在基因调控中的作用而获得殊荣。 好题精练 练 Passage1阅读理解 （2026·河南省百所名校高三上学期开学） Most of us grow up believing that the colors we see around us form the complete palette (调色板) of the world. Yet a team of researchers at the University of California, Berkeley, has challenged that assumption by revealing a color that had never before entered human vision. Ren Ng, a professor of electrical engineering and computer science, together with Austin Roorda, a professor of vision science, made this groundbreaking work possible. Their team developed an experimental platform named Oz, capable of stimulating individual photoreceptor cells (感光细胞) in the retina (视网膜) with extraordinary precision. Instead of merely presenting familiar shades, Oz creates signals in a way that generates entirely novel visual experiences. The scientists likened their exploration to a journey into a brand-new territory. They found themselves face to face with something brilliant and wholly unfamiliar. By directing finely tuned laser beams onto M cone cells—the receptors typically associated with perceiving green—they discovered a color beyond anything nature provides. This striking new color was named “olo” by lead author James Carl Fong. Ng admitted that he initially expected something like the “greenest green” imaginable. Instead, what appeared was a blue-green that didn’t match any standard color. Only five people have been able to witness it, because running Oz requires extreme precision and strict safety measures. The system must account for the eye’s constant micro-movements while keeping laser exposure within safe limits. Far from being a mere curiosity, this discovery raises profound questions about human perception. If technology can find “olo”, how many other hidden colors might await discovery? Consider tetrachromacy (四色视觉), a rare condition enabling certain individuals—mostly women—to see hundreds of millions of colors invisible to most people. Ng wonders if a vast, unexplored area of color could exist beyond our current understanding where colors like “olo” are only the start. 1．What can we know about the Oz platform? A．It generates artificial cells. B．It causes new colors to emerge. C．It is named after its creator. D．It works like humans’ retinas. 2．What is special about the color “olo”? A．It is a common color found in nature. B．It is the greenest green that can be imagined. C．It is a color that doesn’t match any standard one. D．It can only be seen by people with tetrachromacy. 3．Why is tetrachromacy mentioned? A．To describe how the Oz system operates. B．To stress the unique vision power of women. C．To explain the principle behind the experiment. D．To illustrate the possibility of discovering unseen colors. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．A Breakthrough in Human Vision B．How Did Scientists Find a New Cell? C．The Discovery of a Never-Before-seen Color D．Could There Be More Colors We Cannot See? 【词汇积累】 1.challenge n.挑战, 比赛邀请, 质疑; v.对…怀疑, 挑战，考验 2.assumption n.假定, 承担, 获得 3.reveal v.揭示, 展示 4.electrical adj.用电的, 供电的, 电能的 5.groundbreaking adj.开创性的，突破性的 6.extraordinary adj.非凡的, 非常奇特的, 特别的 7.generate v.生（儿、女）( generate的第三人称单数 ), （通过物理或化学过程）发生, 生成, 引起 8.curiosity n.好奇心, 求知欲 9.initially adv.开始, 最初 10.invisible adj.看不见的，无形的 Passage2阅读理解 （2026·江西省吉安市上进联考红十校联盟高三上学期开学） Parkinson’s law states: “Work expands so as to fill the time available for its completion.” In other words, things become harder to complete when more time is given to complete them as the build-up to the task becomes stressful and frightening. Parkinson’s law is not a scientific principle. Instead, it is simply an observation of a phenomenon many people including scientists have experienced rather than dug into. As first described by CyrilNorthcote Parkinson in a 1955 humor essay published in The Economist, it can explain the expansion of organizations. However, it can also be a helpful way to think about other types of work, including personal productivity. The complexity of a task tends to grow when more time is distributed for its completion. When you find yourself finishing the task, you might feel a sense of relief but also wonder why the project became so much more of a burden in your mind than it was in real life. The “extra time” that the task requires often isn’t related to the task itself — it’s mental stress caused by worrying about getting it done. In Parkinson’s original example, a woman’s task for the day was just to mail a postcard. As a result of having the entire day to complete the simple task, the amount of work and time required expanded to fill the whole day. The fictional woman spent a half-hour searching for her reading glasses. Writing the postcard took another two hours. More time was spent finding a stamp, writing the address, and walking the postcard to the post office. One reason why this phenomenon happens lies in how people tend to approach tasks. Research indicates that when people start a new project, they tend to focus on how much time they have available to do it instead of how much time the task would take to complete. While Parkinson’s law is a phenomenon that can lead to wasted time and inefficient work, it doesn’t have to be a problem if you’re aware of it. 5．Why does Parkinson’s law fail to be a scientific principle? A．It lacks profound research. B．It serves certain enterprises. C．It has shallow implications. D．It aims to uncover an issue. 6．What does paragraph 3 mainly discuss about Parkinson’s law? A．Its present situation. B．Its underlying logic. C．Its mental influence. D．Its unnoticed worth. 7．What does Parkinson’s original example imply? A．Looking for glasses didn’t matter. B．Mailing a postcard took two hours. C．Categorizing tasks consumed time. D．Task expands to fill available time. 8．What might be discussed in the follow-up text? A．Views on deadline setting. B．Modes of task assignment. C．Difficulties in high outputs. D．Tips for time management. 【长难句分析】 【文章原句】Research indicates that when people start a new project, they tend to focus on how much time they have available to do it instead of how much time the task would take to complete. 【句式分析】 这个句子是一个复合句，包含多个分句和修饰成分。that后是宾语从句，when people start a new project是宾语从句中的时间状语从句，how much time they have available to do it是宾语从句中的宾语从句，instead of前后是并列关系，how much time the task would take to complete仍然是宾语从句。 【翻译】研究表明，当人们开始一个新项目时，他们倾向于关注他们有多少时间去做它，而不是任务需要多少时间来完成。 Passage 3 阅读七选五 （2026·江苏省南京市六校联合体高三上学期8月学情调研考试） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 With data shaping everything from healthcare breakthroughs to the latest entertainment trends, data scientists are at the heart of some of the most exciting innovations happening right now. 1 In the simplest terms, data scientists are the problem-solvers of the digital age. They collect, analyze and interpret complex datasets to help businesses solve real-world problems. 2 Whether it’s uncovering hidden patterns in customer data, improving product quality or helping businesses make smarter decisions, data scientists are always deeply engaged in it. Data scientists are highly skilled in coding. 3 It’s also used to automate repetitive tasks, freeing up time for more creative work. While not every task will involve coding, it’s still a core skill that enables data scientists to obtain insights efficiently and effectively. It’s the foundation upon which they build the models and tools that power business innovations. 4 With more and more data being generated every day, skilled data professionals are more popular than ever. This rapid growth is driven by the increasing need for data to inform smarter decision-making across every industry. Roles in the field span a wide range, including machine learning engineer, data analyst, quantitative researcher and business intelligence specialist. With AI moving at lightning speed, it’s natural to wonder if data scientists could one day be replaced by AI. While AI can automate repetitive tasks like data preparation, it doesn’t have the critical thinking and strategic decision-making that human data scientists bring to the table. 5 If you have a passion for coding and get excited about turning data into real-world solutions, data science might just be your perfect match. A．Are data scientists in demand? B．Coding isn’t just for creating instructions. C．The life of a data scientist is anything but dull. D．They excel at turning raw data into actionable insights. E．So, rather than replacing data scientists, AI will help them. F．But what is it actually like to be a data scientist in today’s world? G．However, their work could not always lead to practical solutions. Passage 4 完形填空 （2025·四川省巴中市高三下学期三模） When I studied in my high school, I did an experiment about how the temperature affected the growth of a plant. That experiment made me 1 that science teaches us the domino effect (多米诺效应) in the environment. It teaches people our 2 so we know where we are from. That day I 3 decided to be a scientist and that will be my greatest ambition in life. Ever since that day I have studied harder 4 in all my science-related subjects. After school I do much research on how I can become a   5 scientist in the future. One of my 6 in becoming a scientist is Barbara McClintock. She has been awarded the 1983 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. At 25 she already had her PhD in botany and after that she started her 7 as the leader in the development of maize cytogenetics (玉米细胞遗传学) and she was 8 to that research for the rest of her life. If I am lucky and given the 9 to achieve my ambition as a scientist, I want to be like Doctor McClintock. She 10 something that helped the other scientists 11 the thing about genetics that did not just help her generation but also the future generation. I know I will be able to achieve my 12 as long as I put my heart and perseverance into it. If I am lucky enough to achieve my goal, I will share my 13 with all the kids who also love science and want to become scientists. My future will be as 14 as the stars in the night sky. My future is still far but I will make the most of all in the 15 to achieve my greatest ambition of becoming a scientist. 1．A．recognize B．suspect C．treasure D．wonder 2．A．root B．school C．study D．development 3．A．lazily B．easily C．resolutely D．partly 4．A．potentially B．particularly C．separately D．suitably 5．A．popular B．content C．outstanding D．careful 6．A．persuasions B．creations C．generations D．inspirations 7．A．experience B．career C．science D．compliment 8．A．addicted B．dedicated C．attached D．linked 9．A．freedom B．reason C．opportunity D．privilege 10．A．scheduled B．heard C．predicted D．discovered 11．A．figure out B．head out C．carry out D．stand out 12．A．reward B．fame C．platform D．ambition 13．A．determination B．information C．fortune D．brightness 14．A．qualified B．shining C．brave D．proud 15．A．mind B．lecture C．heart D．present Passage 5 语法填空 （2025·甘肃省天水市模拟预测（B）） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Back in 1 late 1700s, long before people understood the reason behind immunity, farmers and doctors in rural areas of Britain noticed that dairymaids (挤奶女工) and other people who got a mild disease called cowpox (牛痘) seldom caught its fearsome cousin, smallpox (天花). Was there a connection? Some decided there was and inserted (嵌入的) material from the cowpox into an incision they cut on the arm of healthy people, thus somehow 2 (protect) them from smallpox. In 1798, a doctor named Edward Jenner published the results of his experiments using this procedure, earning 3 (he) fame as the “Father of Immunology”. Scientists later figured out that cowpox somehow protected one from smallpox. When people caught cowpox, their bodies made special cells 4 (call) antibodies. They fought the disease. That’s not all. They stayed in the blood 5 case the disease ever returned. Because cowpox and smallpox are fairly similar, if a person was later exposed to the more serious disease, antibodies were ready 6 (fight) it too. That knowledge helped scientists develop vaccines. The term vaccination originated from Latin. They contain the viruses, weakened, dead or modified (改良的). Injected into the blood, they trick the immune system into making antibodies. 7 the body ever meets with those same 8 (virus), even at full strength, the antibodies make short work of them. Vaccination prior to 9 (expose) to the virus is ideal. But a vaccination given within three days of exposure will 10 (complete) prevent or significantly modify smallpox in the majority of people and given within the first four to seven days will likely offer some protection or soften the disease. 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 10 / 22 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $