2023届高考全国新课标I卷英语完形填空真题文本语篇整体精读精练精析

8. 2023年全国新课标I卷英语完型填空 真题文本语篇整体精读精练精析 · 读前清障 compete /kəmˈpiːt/ v. 竞争；比赛 cross-country /ˌkrɒs ˈkʌntri/ adj. 越野的 course /kɔːs/ n. 路线；赛程 delay /dɪˈleɪ/ n. 延误；耽搁 v. 推迟 competitor /kəmˈpetɪtə(r)/ n. 参赛者；竞争者 finish line 终点线 fellow /ˈfeləʊ/ adj. 同伴的；同类的 n. 同事；同伴 aid /eɪd/ n. 帮助；援助 v. 援助 bent down 弯腰 medical attention 医疗救助 injury /ˈɪndʒəri/ n. 伤害；损伤 extreme /ɪkˈstriːm/ adj. 极度的；极端的 pain /peɪn/ n. 疼痛；痛苦 confused /kənˈfjuːzd/ adj. 困惑的；混乱的 a big deal 非常重要的事；大事 leave /liːv/ v. 离开；留下 stranger /ˈstreɪndʒə(r)/ n. 陌生人 human kindness 人类的善良 design /dɪˈzaɪn/ v. 设计；构思 n. 设计 follow /ˈfɒləʊ/ v. 跟随；遵循 change /tʃeɪndʒ/ v. 改变；更换 n. 变化 trouble /ˈtrʌbl/ n. 麻烦；困难 v. 使烦恼 excuse /ɪkˈskjuːs/ n. 借口；理由 v. 原谅 volunteer /ˌvɒlənˈtɪə(r)/ n. 志愿者 v. 自愿做 training /ˈtreɪnɪŋ/ n. 训练；培养 agree /əˈɡriː/ v. 同意；赞成 return /rɪˈtɜːn/ v. 返回；归还 n. 返回 promise /ˈprɒmɪs/ v. 承诺；答应 n. 承诺 courage /ˈkʌrɪdʒ/ n. 勇气；胆量 patience /ˈpeɪʃns/ n. 耐心；忍耐 advice /ədˈvaɪs/ n. 建议；劝告 · 精读材料 On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have finished the course earlier than she did. Her delay came because she was carrying a competitor across the finish line. As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her race when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She stopped to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with aid. She couldn’t. Bailey then bent down to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 500 feet to where Lenoue could get medical attention. Once there, Lenoue was assessed and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme pain to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help. As for Bailey, she is more confused about why her act is considered a big deal. “She was just crying. I couldn’t leave her,” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.” Although the two young women were strangers before the meet, they’ve since become friends. Neither won the race, but the display of human kindness won the day. · 全文翻译 10 月 11 日，数百名跑步爱好者在明尼苏达州参加了一场越野赛跑。梅兰妮・贝利本应比实际情况更早完成赛程。她的延误源于她背着一名参赛者冲过了终点线。 据当地一家报纸报道，当贝利跑到赛程的三分之二以上时，她前方的一名选手开始痛苦地哭泣。贝利停下脚步，向同为参赛者的丹妮尔・勒努提供帮助。她扶住勒努的胳膊，想看看勒努能否在自己的协助下继续前行，但勒努做不到。随后，贝利弯下腰，让勒努爬到自己背上，一路背着她走到终点线，之后又走了 500 英尺，将勒努送到能获得医疗救助的地方。 抵达目的地后，勒努先接受了身体评估，之后被送往医院。在医院里，她得知自己的一侧膝盖受了重伤。若没有贝利的帮助，她恐怕要在极度痛苦中挣扎才能抵达那个救助检查站。 至于贝利，她更困惑的是，为何自己的行为会被视作一件大事。“她当时一直在哭，我不能丢下她，” 贝利告诉记者，“我觉得自己只是做了该做的事而已。” 尽管这两位年轻女性在这场赛事前素不相识，但此后她们成了朋友。两人都没有赢得比赛，但这份人性善良的展现，却成了当天最大的赢家。 · 语篇整体理解 Ⅰ. Skimming 1. The text mainly tells us ________. A. how Melanie Bailey won the cross-country race B. why Danielle Lenoue got injured during the race C. how Melanie Bailey helped a fellow runner and showed kindness D. how two strangers became friends after a race 答案：C 解析：文章核心围绕贝利在比赛中停下帮助受伤的勒努，背着她到终点并寻求医疗救助展开，体现人性善良，A（贝利赢得比赛）、B（勒努受伤原因）、D（陌生人成朋友）均为细节，非主旨，故选 C。 2. Match the main idea of each paragraph. Para.1 ________ Para.2 ________ Para.3 ________ Para.4 ________ Para.5 ________ A. Lenoue was assessed, sent to hospital and learned about her serious knee injury. B. Bailey was confused about her act being a big deal, as she thought she just did the right thing. C. Bailey helped Lenoue—first trying to support her walking, then carrying her to the finish line and a medical aid spot. D. Hundreds ran a cross-country race; Bailey finished late because she carried a competitor. E. Bailey and Lenoue became friends after the race, and their story showed human kindness won the day. 答案：D；C；A；B；E Ⅱ. Scanning 1. Judge whether the following statements are True (T) or False (F). (1) Bailey finished the course later than expected because she helped another runner.( ) (2) Lenoue could walk forward with Bailey’s arm support.( ) (3) Bailey carried Lenoue only to the finish line.( ) (4) Lenoue had a serious knee injury and needed medical help.( ) (5) Bailey and Lenoue knew each other before the race.( ) 答案：(1) T；(2) F；(3) F；(4) T；(5) F 解析： (1) 由首段 “Bailey should have finished the course earlier than she did. Her delay came because she was carrying a competitor” 可知，贝利因帮助他人延迟完赛，表述正确。 (2) 由第二段 “Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with aid. She couldn’t” 可知，勒努无法在协助下行走，表述错误。 (3) 由第二段 “carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 500 feet to where Lenoue could get medical attention” 可知，贝利还将勒努背到医疗救助点，并非只到终点，表述错误。 (4) 由第三段 “she had serious injuries in one of her knees” 可知，勒努膝盖重伤需医疗帮助，表述正确。 (5) 由末段 “the two young women were strangers before the meet” 可知，两人赛前互不相识，表述错误。 2. Choose the best answer. (1) Why did Bailey stop during the race? A. She felt tired and needed to rest. B. She saw a fellow runner crying in pain and wanted to help. C. She got lost and couldn’t find the course. D. She was asked to wait for another runner by the judge. 答案：B 解析：由第二段 “Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her race when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She stopped to help her fellow runner” 可知，贝利因看到前方选手痛苦哭泣而停下帮忙，故选 B。 (2) What does the underlined word “assessed” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Examined. B. Encouraged. C. Praised. D. Comforted. 答案：A 解析：由后文 “later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries” 可知，勒努先接受了检查才被送医，“assessed” 与 “examined”（检查）语义相近，故选 A。 (3) Why is Bailey confused about her act being a big deal? A. She thought helping others is a common and right thing to do. B. She didn’t think Lenoue’s injury was serious. C. She didn’t want to be famous for her act. D. She thought she should focus on winning the race. 答案：A 解析：由第四段 “‘I feel like I was just doing the right thing’” 可知，贝利认为帮助他人是理所当然的正确行为，所以对自己的行为被视作大事感到困惑，故选 A。 (4) What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. Winning the race is the most important thing for runners. B. Human kindness is more valuable than winning a race. C. Strangers can never become friends after a competition. D. Bailey and Lenoue will compete again in the future. 答案：B 解析：由末段 “Neither won the race, but the display of human kindness won the day” 可知，两人虽未夺冠，但善良的展现成了 “赢家”，说明善良比比赛获胜更有价值，故选 B。 (5) What’s the author’s attitude towards Bailey’s act? A. Critical. B. Neutral. C. Praiseworthy. D. Doubtful. 答案：C 解析：文章通过讲述贝利帮助他人的故事，结尾强调 “the display of human kindness won the day”，可见作者对贝利的行为持赞赏态度，“Praiseworthy”（值得赞扬的）符合文意，故选 C。 · 重点句子分析 1. Melanie Bailey should have finished the course earlier than she did. 翻译：梅兰妮・贝利本应比实际情况更早完成赛程。 语法分析： 句中 “should have finished” 是情态动词 + 完成时结构，表示 “本应该做某事但实际未做”，隐含对过去情况的遗憾或推测；“earlier than she did” 是比较状语从句，“did” 指代前文的 “finished the course”，避免重复，使句子简洁。 2. Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her race when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. 翻译：当贝利跑到赛程的三分之二以上时，她前方的一名选手开始痛苦地哭泣。 语法分析： 句子是 “主语 + be 动词 + 表语 + when 从句” 结构，“when” 引导时间状语从句，强调 “贝利处于赛程三分之二位置时，另一名选手开始哭泣” 这一动作的同时性；“more than two-thirds of the way through her race” 是表语，“through” 表示 “完成（赛程）”，精准体现比赛中的进度。 3. Bailey then bent down to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 500 feet to where Lenoue could get medical attention. 翻译：随后，贝利弯下腰，让勒努爬到自己背上，一路背着她走到终点线，之后又走了 500 英尺，将勒努送到能获得医疗救助的地方。 语法分析： 句中 “bent down”“carried” 是并列谓语动词，时态均为一般过去时，体现动作的连贯性；“to let Lenoue climb onto her back” 是不定式短语作目的状语，说明 “弯腰” 的目的；“where Lenoue could get medical attention” 是宾语从句，作介词 “to” 的宾语，“where” 在从句中作地点状语，明确 “医疗救助的地点”。 4. She would have struggled with extreme pain to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help. 翻译：若没有贝利的帮助，她恐怕要在极度痛苦中挣扎才能抵达那个救助检查站。 语法分析： 句子是虚拟语气，“would have struggled” 表示 “与过去事实相反的假设”（实际因贝利帮助未挣扎）；“without Bailey’s help” 是介词短语作含蓄条件状语，相当于 “if there had been no Bailey’s help”；“to make it to that aid checkpoint” 是不定式短语作目的状语，“make it” 是固定搭配，意为 “成功抵达（某地）”。 5. Neither won the race, but the display of human kindness won the day. 翻译：两人都没有赢得比赛，但这份人性善良的展现，却成了当天最大的赢家。 语法分析： “Neither” 是不定代词，指代 “Bailey 和 Lenoue”，在句中作主语，谓语动词用单数 “won”；“but” 引导转折并列句，强调 “未夺冠” 与 “善良获胜” 的对比；“the display of human kindness” 是名词短语作主语，“display” 精准体现 “善良的展现” 这一抽象概念；“won the day” 是固定短语，意为 “获胜；成为赢家”，此处用比喻手法，突出善良的价值。 · 真题精析 语篇类型 话题 体裁 词数 难度 完形填空 人与社会：越野赛中展现的人性善良 记叙文 218 中 【2023新课标I卷】 On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have 41 the course earlier than she did. Her 42 came because she was carrying a 43 across the finish line. As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her 44 when a runner in front of her began crying in pai n. She 45 to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with 46 . She couldn’t. Bailey then 47 to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 500 feet to where Lenoue could get 48 attention. Once there, Lenoue was 49 and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme 50 to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help. As for Bailey, she is more 51 about why her act is considered a big 52 . “She was just crying. I couldn’t 53 her,” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.” Although the two young women were strangers before the 54 , they’ve since become friends. Neither won the race, but the 55 of human kindness won the day. 41. A. designed B. followed C. changed D. finished 42. A. delay B. chance C. trouble D. excuse 43. A. judge B. volunteer C. classmate D. competitor 44. A. race B. school C. town D. training 45. A. agreed B. returned C. stopped D. promised 46. A. courage B. aid C. patience D. advice 47. A. went away B. stood up C. stepped aside D. bent down 48. A. medical B. public C. constant D. equal 49. A. interrupted B. assessed C. identified D. appreciated 50. A. hunger B. pain C. cold D. tiredness 51. A. worried B. ashamed C. confused D. discouraged 52. A. game B. problem C. lesson D. deal 53. A. leave B. cure C. bother D. understand 54. A. ride B. test C. meet D. show 55. A. secret B. display C. benefit D. exchange 【答案】41. D42. A43. D44. A45. C46. B47. D48. A49. B50. B51. C52. D53. A54. C55. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是在明尼苏达州举行的一次越野赛中，Melanie Bailey背着另一个参赛者Danielle Lenoue过终点线并接受医疗检查的善行义举。 41.考查动词词义辨析。句意：Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛。A. designed设计；B. followed跟随；C. changed改变；D. finished完成。根据下一段的“carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 500 feet to where Lenoue could get ____48____ attention”可知，Bailey在比赛中背一名参赛者，所以完成比赛晚了，因此句子表示“Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛”。故选D。 42.考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。A. delay延误；B. chance机会；C. trouble麻烦；D. excuse借口。根据上文“Melanie Bailey should have ____41____ the course earlier than she did”和上一题的解析可知，Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛，她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。故选A。 43.考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。A. judge裁判；B. volunteer志愿者；C. classmate同学；D. competitor参赛者。根据第一段的“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race”可知，她是背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。故选D。 44.考查名词词义辨析。句意：据当地一家报纸报道，当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候，她前面的一名选手开始痛苦地哭泣。A. race比赛；B. school学校；C. town城镇；D. training训练。根据第一段的“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race”可知，此处是说“当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候”。故选A。 45，考查动词词义辨析。句意：她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenoue。A. agreed同意；B. returned回来；C. stopped停止；D. promised答应。根据下文“to help her fellow runner”可知，她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenoue。故选C。 46，考查名词词义辨析。句意：Bailey扶着她的胳膊，看看她能否帮助下向前走。A. courage勇气；B. aid帮助；C. patience耐心；D. advice建议。根据上文“Bailey took her arm”可知，此处表示看她是否能在她的帮助下向前走。故选B。 47.考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了500英尺，到Lenoue接受治疗的地方。A. went away离开； B. stood up站起来；C. stepped aside让路；D. bent down弯腰。根据下文“let Lenoue climb onto her back”可知，Bailey弯下腰，让勒诺爬到她的背上。故选D。 48.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了500英尺，到Lenoue接受治疗的地方。A. medical医疗的；B. public公众的；C. constant持续不断的；D. equal平等的。根据上文“began crying in pain”可知，Danielle Lenoue很疼，所以是要接受治疗，medical attention意为“医疗救助”。故选A。 49.考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lenoue在那里接受了检查，后来被送往医院，在那里她得知自己的一个膝盖受了重伤。A. interrupted打断；B. assessed评估；C. identified识别；D. appreciated感激。根据下文“later taken to a hospital”可知，她是先接受了检查，再被送往医院，也就是先接受评估。故选B。 50.考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果没有Bailey的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站。A. hunger饥饿；B. pain疼痛；C. cold感冒；D. tiredness疲劳。根据第5空前的“began crying in pain”可知，此处表示“如果没有Bailey的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站”。故选B。 51.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。A. worried担心的；B. ashamed惭愧的；C. confused困惑的；D. discouraged泄气的。根据下文“I feel like I was just doing the right thing”可知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感到困惑。故选C。 52.考查名词词义辨析。句意：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。A. game游戏；B. problem问题；C. lesson课；D. deal交易，局面。根据下文“I feel like I was just doing the right thing”可知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感到困惑，a big deal意为“非常重要的事”。故选D。 53.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不能离开她。A. leave离开；B. cure治愈；C. bother打扰；D. understand理解。根据上文“She was just crying”以及Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了500英尺。可知，Bailey看见Lenoue哭喊，所以觉得不能离开她。故选A。 54.考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人，但后来她们成了朋友。A. ride短途旅程；B. test测试；C. meet体育比赛；D. show展示。根据第一段“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race”及空前的“the two young women were strangers before”可知，当时是一场比赛，句子表示“这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人”。故选C。 55.考查名词词义辨析。句意：两人都没有赢得比赛，但展示出的人类善良赢得了胜利。A. secret秘密；B. display展示；C. benefit利益；D. exchange交换。根据第二段的“let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 500 feet to where Lenoue could get ____48____ attention”可知，Bailey背着一个参赛者过终点，并背她去接受检查，这展示了人类的善良，故选B。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 8. 2023年全国新课标I卷英语完型填空 真题文本语篇整体精读精练精析 · 读前清障 compete /kəmˈpiːt/ v. 竞争；比赛 cross-country /ˌkrɒs ˈkʌntri/ adj. 越野的 course /kɔːs/ n. 路线；赛程 delay /dɪˈleɪ/ n. 延误；耽搁 v. 推迟 competitor /kəmˈpetɪtə(r)/ n. 参赛者；竞争者 finish line 终点线 fellow /ˈfeləʊ/ adj. 同伴的；同类的 n. 同事；同伴 aid /eɪd/ n. 帮助；援助 v. 援助 bent down 弯腰 medical attention 医疗救助 injury /ˈɪndʒəri/ n. 伤害；损伤 extreme /ɪkˈstriːm/ adj. 极度的；极端的 pain /peɪn/ n. 疼痛；痛苦 confused /kənˈfjuːzd/ adj. 困惑的；混乱的 a big deal 非常重要的事；大事 leave /liːv/ v. 离开；留下 stranger /ˈstreɪndʒə(r)/ n. 陌生人 human kindness 人类的善良 design /dɪˈzaɪn/ v. 设计；构思 n. 设计 follow /ˈfɒləʊ/ v. 跟随；遵循 change /tʃeɪndʒ/ v. 改变；更换 n. 变化 trouble /ˈtrʌbl/ n. 麻烦；困难 v. 使烦恼 excuse /ɪkˈskjuːs/ n. 借口；理由 v. 原谅 volunteer /ˌvɒlənˈtɪə(r)/ n. 志愿者 v. 自愿做 training /ˈtreɪnɪŋ/ n. 训练；培养 agree /əˈɡriː/ v. 同意；赞成 return /rɪˈtɜːn/ v. 返回；归还 n. 返回 promise /ˈprɒmɪs/ v. 承诺；答应 n. 承诺 courage /ˈkʌrɪdʒ/ n. 勇气；胆量 patience /ˈpeɪʃns/ n. 耐心；忍耐 advice /ədˈvaɪs/ n. 建议；劝告 · 精读材料 On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have finished the course earlier than she did. Her delay came because she was carrying a competitor across the finish line. As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her race when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She stopped to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with aid. She couldn’t. Bailey then bent down to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 500 feet to where Lenoue could get medical attention. Once there, Lenoue was assessed and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme pain to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help. As for Bailey, she is more confused about why her act is considered a big deal. “She was just crying. I couldn’t leave her,” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.” Although the two young women were strangers before the meet, they’ve since become friends. Neither won the race, but the display of human kindness won the day. · 全文翻译 10 月 11 日，数百名跑步爱好者在明尼苏达州参加了一场越野赛跑。梅兰妮・贝利本应比实际情况更早完成赛程。她的延误源于她背着一名参赛者冲过了终点线。 据当地一家报纸报道，当贝利跑到赛程的三分之二以上时，她前方的一名选手开始痛苦地哭泣。贝利停下脚步，向同为参赛者的丹妮尔・勒努提供帮助。她扶住勒努的胳膊，想看看勒努能否在自己的协助下继续前行，但勒努做不到。随后，贝利弯下腰，让勒努爬到自己背上，一路背着她走到终点线，之后又走了 500 英尺，将勒努送到能获得医疗救助的地方。 抵达目的地后，勒努先接受了身体评估，之后被送往医院。在医院里，她得知自己的一侧膝盖受了重伤。若没有贝利的帮助，她恐怕要在极度痛苦中挣扎才能抵达那个救助检查站。 至于贝利，她更困惑的是，为何自己的行为会被视作一件大事。“她当时一直在哭，我不能丢下她，” 贝利告诉记者，“我觉得自己只是做了该做的事而已。” 尽管这两位年轻女性在这场赛事前素不相识，但此后她们成了朋友。两人都没有赢得比赛，但这份人性善良的展现，却成了当天最大的赢家。 · 语篇整体理解 Ⅰ. Skimming 1. The text mainly tells us ________. A. how Melanie Bailey won the cross-country race B. why Danielle Lenoue got injured during the race C. how Melanie Bailey helped a fellow runner and showed kindness D. how two strangers became friends after a race 2. Match the main idea of each paragraph. Para.1 ________ Para.2 ________ Para.3 ________ Para.4 ________ Para.5 ________ A. Lenoue was assessed, sent to hospital and learned about her serious knee injury. B. Bailey was confused about her act being a big deal, as she thought she just did the right thing. C. Bailey helped Lenoue—first trying to support her walking, then carrying her to the finish line and a medical aid spot. D. Hundreds ran a cross-country race; Bailey finished late because she carried a competitor. E. Bailey and Lenoue became friends after the race, and their story showed human kindness won the day. Ⅱ. Scanning 1. Judge whether the following statements are True (T) or False (F). (1) Bailey finished the course later than expected because she helped another runner.( ) (2) Lenoue could walk forward with Bailey’s arm support.( ) (3) Bailey carried Lenoue only to the finish line.( ) (4) Lenoue had a serious knee injury and needed medical help.( ) (5) Bailey and Lenoue knew each other before the race.( ) 2. Choose the best answer. (1) Why did Bailey stop during the race? A. She felt tired and needed to rest. B. She saw a fellow runner crying in pain and wanted to help. C. She got lost and couldn’t find the course. D. She was asked to wait for another runner by the judge. (2) What does the underlined word “assessed” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Examined. B. Encouraged. C. Praised. D. Comforted. (3) Why is Bailey confused about her act being a big deal? A. She thought helping others is a common and right thing to do. B. She didn’t think Lenoue’s injury was serious. C. She didn’t want to be famous for her act. D. She thought she should focus on winning the race. (4) What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. Winning the race is the most important thing for runners. B. Human kindness is more valuable than winning a race. C. Strangers can never become friends after a competition. D. Bailey and Lenoue will compete again in the future. (5) What’s the author’s attitude towards Bailey’s act? A. Critical. B. Neutral. C. Praiseworthy. D. Doubtful. · 重点句子分析 1. Melanie Bailey should have finished the course earlier than she did. 翻译：梅兰妮・贝利本应比实际情况更早完成赛程。 语法分析： 句中 “should have finished” 是情态动词 + 完成时结构，表示 “本应该做某事但实际未做”，隐含对过去情况的遗憾或推测；“earlier than she did” 是比较状语从句，“did” 指代前文的 “finished the course”，避免重复，使句子简洁。 2. Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her race when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. 翻译：当贝利跑到赛程的三分之二以上时，她前方的一名选手开始痛苦地哭泣。 语法分析： 句子是 “主语 + be 动词 + 表语 + when 从句” 结构，“when” 引导时间状语从句，强调 “贝利处于赛程三分之二位置时，另一名选手开始哭泣” 这一动作的同时性；“more than two-thirds of the way through her race” 是表语，“through” 表示 “完成（赛程）”，精准体现比赛中的进度。 3. Bailey then bent down to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 500 feet to where Lenoue could get medical attention. 翻译：随后，贝利弯下腰，让勒努爬到自己背上，一路背着她走到终点线，之后又走了 500 英尺，将勒努送到能获得医疗救助的地方。 语法分析： 句中 “bent down”“carried” 是并列谓语动词，时态均为一般过去时，体现动作的连贯性；“to let Lenoue climb onto her back” 是不定式短语作目的状语，说明 “弯腰” 的目的；“where Lenoue could get medical attention” 是宾语从句，作介词 “to” 的宾语，“where” 在从句中作地点状语，明确 “医疗救助的地点”。 4. She would have struggled with extreme pain to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help. 翻译：若没有贝利的帮助，她恐怕要在极度痛苦中挣扎才能抵达那个救助检查站。 语法分析： 句子是虚拟语气，“would have struggled” 表示 “与过去事实相反的假设”（实际因贝利帮助未挣扎）；“without Bailey’s help” 是介词短语作含蓄条件状语，相当于 “if there had been no Bailey’s help”；“to make it to that aid checkpoint” 是不定式短语作目的状语，“make it” 是固定搭配，意为 “成功抵达（某地）”。 5. Neither won the race, but the display of human kindness won the day. 翻译：两人都没有赢得比赛，但这份人性善良的展现，却成了当天最大的赢家。 语法分析： “Neither” 是不定代词，指代 “Bailey 和 Lenoue”，在句中作主语，谓语动词用单数 “won”；“but” 引导转折并列句，强调 “未夺冠” 与 “善良获胜” 的对比；“the display of human kindness” 是名词短语作主语，“display” 精准体现 “善良的展现” 这一抽象概念；“won the day” 是固定短语，意为 “获胜；成为赢家”，此处用比喻手法，突出善良的价值。 · 真题精析 语篇类型 话题 体裁 词数 难度 完形填空 人与社会：越野赛中展现的人性善良 记叙文 218 中 【2023新课标I卷】 On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have 41 the course earlier than she did. Her 42 came because she was carrying a 43 across the finish line. As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her 44 when a runner in front of her began crying in pai n. She 45 to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with 46 . She couldn’t. Bailey then 47 to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 500 feet to where Lenoue could get 48 attention. Once there, Lenoue was 49 and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme 50 to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help. As for Bailey, she is more 51 about why her act is considered a big 52 . “She was just crying. I couldn’t 53 her,” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.” Although the two young women were strangers before the 54 , they’ve since become friends. Neither won the race, but the 55 of human kindness won the day. 41. A. designed B. followed C. changed D. finished 42. A. delay B. chance C. trouble D. excuse 43. A. judge B. volunteer C. classmate D. competitor 44. A. race B. school C. town D. training 45. A. agreed B. returned C. stopped D. promised 46. A. courage B. aid C. patience D. advice 47. A. went away B. stood up C. stepped aside D. bent down 48. A. medical B. public C. constant D. equal 49. A. interrupted B. assessed C. identified D. appreciated 50. A. hunger B. pain C. cold D. tiredness 51. A. worried B. ashamed C. confused D. discouraged 52. A. game B. problem C. lesson D. deal 53. A. leave B. cure C. bother D. understand 54. A. ride B. test C. meet D. show 55. A. secret B. display C. benefit D. exchange 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $