精品解析：上海市华东师大第二附属中学2025-2026学年高三上学期9月月考英语试题

华东师大二附中2025学年第一学期9月测试 高三英语 (考试时间105分钟，满分115分） I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. An Extreme Fondness for Ants One day in 1936 Edward Wilson, a budding seven-year-old naturalist, was out fishing. He hooked a pinfish, which has sharp spines down its back. He pulled too hard ____1____ one of its spines went into his right eye. Keen not to cut short a day outdoors, he kept on____2____ going to hospital. As a result, he lost most of the sight in that eye. This loss of vision gave him a push from vertebrates (脊椎动物) toward ants. A long and productive career____3____ (see) him write hundreds of papers and publish dozens of books, collect two Pulitzer prizes, and make fundamental contributions to ecology and evolutionary biology. As with all the best scientists, he delighted in drawing connections. Ants are biological robots, their behaviour controlled by chemicals ____4____ (call) pheromones. But from those simple chemicals ____5____ (arise) an astonishing variety of behaviour. Ants march in columns, practise agriculture, and run complex societies in ____6____ the individual good is less important than that of the colony. Exploring the evolutionary principles underlying that behaviour got him ____7____ (think) about how they ____8____ apply to other species, a topic he explored in 1975 in a book called “Sociobiology: The New Synthesis”. The chapters that applied biological reasoning to the behaviour of other animals were uncontroversial. But when, at the end, he extended the analysis to humans he was criticized by some of his colleagues and physically attacked at a lecture. Time has proved Wilson right. These days ____9____ dispute that human behaviour is at least partly shaped by genes. But, ____10____the principle is mostly accepted, the mechanisms remain obscure. Understanding exactly how, and how much, genes affect human behaviour remains a piece of vast and fascinating unfinished business. Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. bare B. characteristics C. constant D. due E. identified F. intended G. mistake H. payments I. reminders J. undiagnosed K. urge Shopping is a Nightmare (噩梦) For most of us, popping to the supermarket is a daily routine, but for Hannah Crawford it’s a task that can fill her with fear, who describes going to buy food as “like being a three-year-old in a sweet shop”. Crawford says it can be an overwhelming, frustrating and exhausting experience. One of the main challenges is “getting out without spending twice as much as you ____11____”, she says, which means making careful lists and resisting the constant ____12____ to impulse-buy. She is far from alone in feeling this way. She was diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (过动症) last summer and is one of a growing number of UK adults with the condition. The total number is estimated to run into the millions, although most are ____13____. Research lays ____14____ the challenges many with ADHD face when it comes to their personal finances, which found that those living with ADHD are four times more likely to frequently impulse-spend than those who do not have the condition. Crawford says she has a sense that most people have a “background programme running in their head — a(n) ____15____ awareness of what’s in their bank account, how much they have spent so far that day, and upcoming bills or subscription ____16____. I don’t have any of those background programmes. Every time I open my bank account, it’s a total surprise to me.” As a result, she spends a lot of time living in her overdraft (透支) by ____17____, which creates stress and anxiety. She likes to be able to label and categorize her outgoings, which keeps budgeting more interesting, providing the “dopamine hits” her brain needs to pay attention, and likes the fact she receives push notifications with ____18____ of how much she is spending throughout the day. Things such as parking tickets and payment deadlines can be particularly tricky. She says there are regular occasions when she becomes overwhelmed by a ticket or ____19____ date, and then the cost jumps. “It’s quite scary to feel not in control like that,” she says. Fortunately, digital banking tools designed to give users more control and provide greater “visibility” for their finances have been widely praised by many in the ADHD community. The most helpful banking features ____20____ included notifications about upcoming bills and places to set money aside such as savings pots. Ⅱ. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. A few years ago, I found myself really burnt out. I was struggling to motivate myself and looking at my calendar started filling me with a sort of low-grade fear. But the ____21____ part for me was that on the surface there wasn’t any obvious reason why I would be so tired. It didn’t seem ____22____. Sure, I was busy, but no more busy than anyone else. So what was wrong with me? But when I couldn’t shake it off after a few weeks and when I ____23____ more serious health issues, it became clear that what I was experiencing was, in fact, burnout. And at a certain point it hit me: my burnout wasn’t stemming from my distant past; it had actually been more than a decade in the ____24____. I realized that I’d been ____25____ to truly relaxing for at least 15 years. Even when I had “time off”, I never actually relaxed. I never let myself off the hook. Taking downtime made me feel ____26____, which was hard to detect — but ____27____. And over time it wore me down, physically and mentally. Job burnout is very real, but it is not the only cause of burnout. We tend to think that taking a rest or a break from work will always ____28____ our burnout. But because we can also get burnt out from other, less obvious causes, the cures are often less obvious as well. We can get burnt out from years of stress, ____29____ emotions and simply living the wrong life for us. If your cause of burnout stems from one of those less obvious places, you are going to have to do a little more digging to figure out the cause of your ____30____. Assuming you can’t quit your life and go chill on a beach for a few years, what does ____31____ from burnout look like? The first cure is rest. And I mean true rest, not rest where you feel stressed and guilty for resting. It also helps to think through where your particular burnout originates from. After identifying the ____32____ of your burnout, then you can get honest with yourself about what you can do to help yourself. If it’s overworking, the obvious cure is a shift in the way you operate and very ____33____ rest and downtime. It will depend on what’s feasible for you, but if you find yourself in a job or career that you cannot, practically speaking, ____34____, the question is how can you create more rest outside work? I recommend, in addition to ____35____, working with a great therapist to help unpack your emotions and trauma, gain coping mechanisms to heal, and avoid burnout in the future. 21. A. integral B. confusing C. spare D. significant 22. A. wrong B. justified C. challenging D. doubtful 23. A. inquired after B. gave in C. carried away D. ruled out 24. A. processing B. discussing C. making D. feeling 25. A. resistant B. loyal C. accustomed D. obliged 26. A. relaxed B. guilty C. energetic D. important 27. A. sensible B. personal C. changeable D. ceaseless 28. A. reverse B. intensify C. continue D. aid 29. A. positive B. carefree C. mixed D. unresolved 30. A. argument B. depression C. exhaustion D. failure 31. A. departure B. healing C. originating D. absence 32 A. consequence B. source C. target D. matter 33. A. accidental B. wise C. little D. casual 34. A. promote B. value C. quit D. review 35. A. resting B. workout C. entertainment D. tutoring Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) As you read, do you scribble (乱涂乱画) around the edges? Over the years, writers have sworn by the practice. Edgar Allan Poe, an American poet, once wrote: ‘In getting my books, I have been always eager for a sufficient margin for the facility it affords me of penciling suggested thoughts, agreements and differences of opinion…’ I tend to make notes digitally nowadays. And if I include magazines and newspapers, most of my reading is online, where I probably could make remarks with the right software, but can hardly doodle (涂鸦). That’s a shame. Apart from the fact that commenting boosts recall we’d lose something if freeform margin-writing faded away. One of the meanings of ‘marginalia’ is ‘non-essential’, yet it’s anything but. For one thing, scribbled-upon books have helped reveal the web of influences between writers and thinkers. Herman Melville’s scribbled copy of John Milton’s Paradise Lost (《失乐园》) shows how it inspired Moby-Dick (《白鲸记》). And Charles Darwin’s comments in his books, from Charles Lyell’s Principles of Geology to his grandfather Erasmus Darwin’s The Temple of Nature, inform how they shaped his theory. Marginalia can reveal everyday insights too. Historians occasionally find marginal notes that speak of long-dead readers’ lives. A recent exhibition in Dublin features scriptures doodled on by Irish monks from the Middle Ages. One described feeling ‘alcohol-killed’; another complained about his writing materials. It turns out that nuns did similar. In 2022, researchers found surprisingly modern cartoons of people around the edges of an 8th century Act of Apostles. A nun scratched them, perhaps playfully. Reading about these examples made me think I should annotate (批注) more, not everything, but the writing I care about. Or maybe I’ll copy a nice TikTok trend I found while writing this: giving someone a book with little notes or drawings in it. This 21st-century practice suggests digitalization may not be the end of annotation after all. Poe might have approved. 36. The word marginalia in the passage most likely means ________. A. Decorative illustrations that were drawn in the margin of a page. B. Extra notes or comments written by readers around a book’s edges. C. Important chapters added by an author after the main text was done. D. Non-essential paragraphs removed when a book was being published. 37. What is one historical value of marginalia mentioned in the passage? A. It suggests that scribbled notes, were preserved better than printed text. B. It proves that old books were often exchanged among famous thinkers. C. It indicates that ancient readers wrote mainly about their private lives. D. It shows the personal influence of one book on another writer’s work. 38. What does the example of Irish monks’ and nuns’ doodles illustrate? A. Marginal notes always reveal readers’ deepest philosophical concerns. B. Religious scriptures were rarely treated with seriousness in the past. C. Scribbles sometimes show humor and daily life of ordinary readers. D. Medieval readers often destroyed books with careless scribbles. 39. What is the main idea of the passage? A. The practice of marginalia indicates that reading habits never change. B. The decline of marginalia shows that digital reading is replacing books. C. The origin of marginalia proves that writers were inspired by religion. D. The tradition of marginalia reflects both memory and cultural value. (B) I struggle with letting go of things. Distressing situations that occurred decades ago still regularly pop into my mind and stress me out. I don’t seem to be able to move past them and forget them. Even small irrelevant things get me worked up. Can you suggest some techniques to move on and lead a calmer life? ——A painful reader Since you said a lot of these are insignificant upon reflection, I’ll assume we’re not talking about big traumas (创伤) but the kinds of sour memories we all have. It feels unpleasant to be pulled back into the past, forced to relive those painful memories. So why do we keep going back? One possibility is that we feel not enough has changed. Time might have passed, but in the respects that matter, we still feel as though we’re right there. Still scared in the same ways those situations made us feel, still vulnerable to those same stressors, even uninsured against the same mistakes. If you feel as though a lot has changed since an indignity, the memory feels more like a postcard from somewhere distant. But if you feel the same in the ways that matter, an upsetting thing from the past can still seem threatening insofar as that version of us persists today. Or maybe we go back to these memories because there’s some unanswered question we keep trying to solve. Why did I say that? Why did they do that? If I’d done that differently, would this have changed? Maybe, more rarely, we go back because we’re bored. Sometimes if present-day life doesn’t quite feel stimulating enough we can go back to conflicts or hard choices from the past, because even though they were unpleasant, they somehow feel more real. Therapy can help figure out which it is for you. When the distressing thought comes knocking why does it seem worth opening the door? That would really help you tailor your strategies. The calm you’ll need if you’re trying to solve a question may not be the calm you need if you still feel vulnerable in those same ways. Well-meaning people might say you need closure, a way to tell a coherent (有条理的) story. Closure is great if you can get it, but I’m not convinced it’s essential. What concerns me is that trying to find narratively pleasing ways to transform painful memories ultimately makes our capacity to move on depend on whether we can make sense of those events. Coherence may be genuinely beyond our reach. Bad luck doesn’t make sense. People don’t always have a “why”. I think it’s less “I have to get closure” and more “I have to see this as past; over”. As you try to figure out what is captivating about these memories, it might help to try seeing them in past tense. Not solved, just over—not a source of new pain, not part of a pattern; an echo of hurts gone by. 40. According to the columnist, why do we keep going back to painful memories? A. (a) Still vulnerable as before; (b) Wondering “why”; (c) Feeling bored in present life. B. (a) Becoming stronger over time; (b) Gaining closure ultimately; (c) Seeking excitement. C. (a) Avoiding current problems; (b) Hoping to erase past; (c) Searching for luck. D. (a) Developing new skills; (b) Rewriting the past; (c) Enjoying old conflicts. 41. What concern does the author express about the idea of “closure”? A. Closure is unnecessary and irrelevant for individuals stuck in pain. B. Closure relies on making sense of events, which may be impossible. C. Closure can only be achieved through constructing a touching story. D. Closure is seen as more valuable than the ability to move forward. 42. Which of the following best summarizes the author’s advice? A. Painful memories must be carefully analyzed to gain wisdom. B. Forgetting the past is the only way to achieve peace eternally. C. Painful memories should be seen as finished events, not threats. D. One could resolve painful memories by rewriting his own past. (C) If you use AI-powered chatbot, you’re probably operating under the assumption that you’re both speaking the same language. You input English, it outputs English. Simple, right? Except that’s a misconception: You’ve actually been speaking different languages. Rather than processing text like a human, the chatbot turns your prompt (提示语) into a set of numbers on a map. But just as a map is a flattened representation of its territory, these numbers can’t capture all the meaning and context of language. Next, the chatbot formulates a reply, making a word-by-word prediction based on how it was trained to answer past inputs. This prediction draws on biased training data and the feedback it receives. Ultimately, what looks like English to you is really an imitation of actual human speech. The disturbing thing is that now, with hundreds of millions of people regularly engaging with chatbots, English-speaking humans are starting to talk like the inhuman communicator on the other side. For example, ChatGPT uses the word “delve” at higher rates than people generally use. As researchers have found, this likely results from small biases and errors in the human feedback process compounding over time. Employees of AI companies checking over large language model (LLM) outputs are often low-wage workers, where “delve” is used at higher rates than in American or British English. Now this overuse is bleeding into global culture. In the two years since ChatGPT launched in late 2022, the appearance of “delve” in academic publishing saw a tenfold increase as researchers began turning to AI for help with their papers. As scientists and writers have grown more aware of this phenomenon, they’ve taken steps to “sound less like AI.” But most people likely don’t know about the chatbot biases toward certain words. Users assume that ChatGPT is talking in “normal” English, because that’s the implication of the tool’s user interface (界面). They also assume that regular, everyday texts they encounter are normal English, even when they might have been AI-generated as well. Over time, it gets easier and easier to confuse the representation with reality. Our tendency to unwittingly adopting LLM vocabulary will likely only increase as the circle of AI text, human text we don’t know is AI, and actual human speech spins faster and faster. In psycholinguistics, the more we see a word represented. the more intuitive it feels to use it ourselves. It’s normal for our mental language mappings to evolve, but now we’ re in a feedback loop (回路) where our “maps” are coming together with the chatbots’ “maps.” Both differ from the actual landscape, but the confusion is making it harder to evaluate what’s real human language and what’s artificially generated. As this distinction becomes harder to perceive, we’ll keep blurring the lines of reality, cyclically using that blur to construct our new realities. And as AI models continue to be trained on both their own output and the AI-influenced human writing they absorb, the widespread presence of LLM-speak will only intensify. Linguistically, there’s nothing wrong with this. The word “delve” isn’t any worse for your brain than its alternatives. But language is a forerunner of greater social shifts. There are many other, far more hidden and dangerous misrepresentations that are also coded into LLMs, which might be harder to definitively measure. We need to remember that these aren’t neutral tools: They hold the power to subtly reshape our thinking. 43. Why does the author think users and AI-powered chatbots are actually speaking different languages? A. Because AI-generated output is based on human’s misconception over the long term. B. Because AI’s word choices are becoming more common in human writing than before. C. Because the AI turns text into a set of numbers rather than understanding it like a human. D. Because humans may confuse AI- generated text with real human language over time. 44. According to the passage, why does ChatGPT use the word “delve” more often than typical human speakers? A. Because it was designed to consistently prefer more advanced vocabulary choices. B. Because its training reflects biased feedback from lower-paid human workers. C. Because it frequently learns from academic sources that use the word extensively. D. Because the word “delve” is simpler for the system to generate than other options. 45. In the 7th paragraph, the phrase “widespread presence of LLM- speak” refers to ________. A. The idea that different AI models end up relying on a very similar set of words. B. The growing influence of AI-shaped vocabulary in human writing and speech. C. The observation that AI chatbots are now widely available across many nations. D The situation where human vocabulary is gradually replaced by AI-generated terms. 46. What is the author’s main purpose in writing this passage? A. To explain how AI chatbots technically process language and why that differs from humans. B. To argue that academic publishing has been completely taken over by AI writing tools. C. To warn that AI-generated language can subtly influence human vocabulary and thinking. D. To encourage readers to avoid using advanced words like “delve” in their own writing. Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box. Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. What’s Your Preferred Playback Speed? Glen Powell, a Hollywood idol, likes 1x listening speed: “I want to hear people talk at a normal human rate.” Bowen Yang, an American comedian, prefers his narration fast and loose. “You can round up to 2x”, though he considers 1.8x the perfect pace. Both men appeared in an advert by Audible, an audiobook platform, which featured various celebrities talking about the speed at which they listen to their chosen titles. It triggered fierce debate online for implying that those who make haste are weird. “I listened to your judgmental ad on 2x speed,” one TikTok user said. Some claimed to feel “shamed” by the advert and threatened to cancel their subscriptions. ____47____. A recent survey found that 31% of Americans between the ages of 18 and 29 listen to audio at playback speeds faster than 1x. The time-saving benefits can be enormous. ____48____. If you had a ten-hour journey, you could listen to “Persuasion” in eight hours and 13 minutes at 1x speed. But, if you clicked 1.5x, you’d hear all about Anne Elliot’s exploits in five and a half hours, leaving space for “Animal Farm” and “The Little Prince”, with time to spare. ____49____. Researchers looked at the test scores of students who had watched lectures back at varying speeds and found that up to 1.5x there was not much of a difference in performance, although scores started to decrease noticeably as playback speeds approached or exceeded 2x. For audio and video platforms, there is no downside to offering different playback options: the more books or episodes a subscriber gets through, the better the advertising and sales revenues. But for listeners, the experience differs greatly between 1x and 2x. Audiobook narrators hold that here’s an art of pacing, tone and suspension to reading aloud. ____50____. Rhetoric (修辞) often relies on rhythm and pauses for emphasis and meaning. Yet for many, to speed or not to speed is no longer a question. A. If listeners speed that up too much, they’re losing that part of the performance. B. Thus, while younger adults can watch videos at faster speeds without significant consequences, we advise against older adults doing so. C. The online argument points to the changing way in which audiences, particularly young ones, engage with digital media. D. This may be especially important as age-related changes in cognition may necessitate adjustments to instructional videos to optimize learning. E. A faster pace does not seem to affect listeners’ ability to concentrate. F. YouTube claims that its viewers collectively save more than 900 years per day thanks to its fast-playback feature. Ⅲ. Summary Writing 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Keratin (角蛋白) Obtained from Wool Repairs Teeth in Breakthrough After extracting keratin from wool and applying it to teeth, scientists found that the substance formed a protective crystal-like coating that mimicked natural tooth enamel (釉质). The finding could support sustainable, low-cost treatments for early tooth decay within the next two to three years, according to the researchers. “Keratin offers a transformative alternative to current dental treatments,” study coauthor Sara Gamea said. Not only is it sustainably sourced from biological waste materials like hair and skin, it also eliminates the need for traditional plastic resins, commonly used in restorative dentistry, which are toxic and less durable. Keratin also looks much more natural than these treatments, as it can more closely match the color of the original tooth. Untreated tooth decay is the world’s most common oral health condition, affecting some 2 billion people worldwide. Over time, acidic foods, poor oral hygiene, and everyday wear and tear can break down the protective enamel that covers a person’s teeth. Losing that enamel can lead to pain, cavities and tooth loss. Unlike bones and hair, enamel does not regenerate. To investigate whether keratin-based treatments could help stop tooth decay and repair enamel, Elsharkawy and his colleagues first extracted keratin from wool fibers. Then they mixed the keratin with water, where it formed a thin film. After applying the keratin film to a tooth sample, the scientists found that it formed an ordered, strong and crystal-like coating similar to biological enamel when it came in contact with minerals in saliva. Over the course of a month, the coating attracted calcium and phosphate ions (磷酸根离子), building up a hard, protective layer over the tooth. “We are entering an exciting era where biotechnology allows us to not just treat symptoms but restore biological function using the body’s own materials,” Elsharkawy said. “With further development and the right industry partnerships, we may soon be growing stronger, healthier smiles from something as simple as a haircut.” _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________. Ⅳ. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 你不可能在楼下食品杂货店买到草药和手帕。(possibility）(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________ 53. 这位画家捕捉到了雨天里乡村景致的独特之美。(capture）(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________ 54. 看到最后气球放飞的时候，这位老兵很感动，心情久久不能平复。(release) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________ 55. 这部经典作品经过无数学者的修订才流传至今，如今虽没有从前那样广泛传阅，但仍是承载传统文化的重要载体。(as…as）(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________ Ⅴ. Guided Writing 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学高三学生李明，你的外国朋友Alex正在中国交流学习，他想参加一项志愿者活动，有人形机器人运动会(Humanoid Robot Games）翻译和历史博物馆讲解员可选，他比较犹豫，想听听你的意见。请给Alex写一封邮件，须包括： 1.你的建议； 2.你的理由。 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 华东师大二附中2025学年第一学期9月测试 高三英语 (考试时间105分钟，满分115分） I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. An Extreme Fondness for Ants One day in 1936 Edward Wilson, a budding seven-year-old naturalist, was out fishing. He hooked a pinfish, which has sharp spines down its back. He pulled too hard ____1____ one of its spines went into his right eye. Keen not to cut short a day outdoors, he kept on____2____ going to hospital. As a result, he lost most of the sight in that eye. This loss of vision gave him a push from vertebrates (脊椎动物) toward ants. A long and productive career____3____ (see) him write hundreds of papers and publish dozens of books, collect two Pulitzer prizes, and make fundamental contributions to ecology and evolutionary biology. As with all the best scientists, he delighted in drawing connections. Ants are biological robots, their behaviour controlled by chemicals ____4____ (call) pheromones. But from those simple chemicals ____5____ (arise) an astonishing variety of behaviour. Ants march in columns, practise agriculture, and run complex societies in ____6____ the individual good is less important than that of the colony. Exploring the evolutionary principles underlying that behaviour got him ____7____ (think) about how they ____8____ apply to other species, a topic he explored in 1975 in a book called “Sociobiology: The New Synthesis”. The chapters that applied biological reasoning to the behaviour of other animals were uncontroversial. But when, at the end, he extended the analysis to humans he was criticized by some of his colleagues and physically attacked at a lecture. Time has proved Wilson right. These days ____9____ dispute that human behaviour is at least partly shaped by genes. But, ____10____the principle is mostly accepted, the mechanisms remain obscure. Understanding exactly how, and how much, genes affect human behaviour remains a piece of vast and fascinating unfinished business. 【答案】1. so that 2. without 3. saw##has seen 4. called 5. arises 6. which 7. thinking 8. might##could 9. few 10. while##though##although 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了生物学家爱德华・威尔逊因童年意外右眼视力受损，转而研究蚂蚁，进而开启高产科学生涯的故事，介绍了他对蚂蚁行为的研究、著作及相关争议，还提及如今学界对其观点的认可及仍待探索的问题。 【1题详解】 考查从句。句意：他拉得太用力，结果其中一根脊刺刺进了他的右眼。此空的前后是完整的句子，因此空处填连词，“眼睛被脊刺刺中”是“用力拉”的后果，因此用so that“因此”引导结果状语从句。故填so that。 【2题详解】 考查介词。句意：他非常不想缩短户外的一天，所以继续待在户外。结合前文“不想缩短户外时间”，可知此处应表“不做某事”，应用介词without。故填without。 【3题详解】 考查时态。句意：在漫长且高产的职业生涯中，他（已经）撰写了数百篇论文，出版了数十本书，获得了两次普利策奖，并在生态学和进化生物学领域做出了基础性贡献。空处为句子谓语动词，文章讲述的是爱德华・威尔逊过去的经历，应用一般过去时；或看作过去的动作对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时，主语career是第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填saw/has seen。 【4题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：蚂蚁是生物机器人，它们的行为由一种叫做信息素的化学物质控制。句中chemicals与call之间是被动关系，需用过去分词作后置定语修饰chemicals。故填called。 【5题详解】 考查倒装句中的主谓一致。句意：但从这些简单的化学物质中，衍生出了种类惊人的行为。此处为“介词短语 + 谓语 + 主语”的完全倒装结构，主语 an astonishing variety of behaviour是单数，且描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。正常语序为an astonishing variety of behaviour arises from those simple chemicals 。故填arises。 【6题详解】 考查定语从句关系代词。句意：蚂蚁列队行进、从事农业活动，并运行复杂的群体社会，在这些社会中，个体利益不如群体利益重要。空处引导定语从句，先行词complex societies指物，定语从句中in后缺少宾语，需用关系代词 which引导，in which相当于where。故填which。 【7题详解】 考查固定搭配。句意：探索这种行为背后的进化原理，让他开始思考这些原理如何应用于其他物种 ——1975年，他在《社会生物学：新的综合》一书中探讨了这一主题。get sb. doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“使某人开始做某事”，符合“他开始思考”的语义，故填thinking。 【8题详解】 考查情态动词。句意：探索这种行为背后的进化原理，让他开始思考这些原理如何应用于其他物种 ——1975年，他在《社会生物学：新的综合》一书中探讨了这一主题。句中they指代evolutionary principles（进化原理），且空后为动词原形，情态动词might/could“可能”符合思考原理应用可能性的语境。故填might/could。 【9题详解】 考查代词。句意：如今，很少人质疑人类行为至少部分是由基因决定的。结合前文Time has proved Wilson right（时间证明威尔逊是对的）可知，此处应表“很少人质疑”，代词few符合语境，作主语。故填few。 【10题详解】 考查让步状语从句。句意：但是，尽管这一原理已被广泛接受，其作用机制仍然不明。句中the principle is mostly accepted（原理被广泛接受）与the mechanisms remain obscure（机制不明）是转折让步关系，需用though/although/while 引导让步状语从句。故填while/though/although。 Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. bare B. characteristics C. constant D. due E. identified F. intended G. mistake H. payments I. reminders J. undiagnosed K. urge Shopping is a Nightmare (噩梦) For most of us, popping to the supermarket is a daily routine, but for Hannah Crawford it’s a task that can fill her with fear, who describes going to buy food as “like being a three-year-old in a sweet shop”. Crawford says it can be an overwhelming, frustrating and exhausting experience. One of the main challenges is “getting out without spending twice as much as you ____11____”, she says, which means making careful lists and resisting the constant ____12____ to impulse-buy. She is far from alone in feeling this way. She was diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (过动症) last summer, and is one of a growing number of UK adults with the condition. The total number is estimated to run into the millions, although most are ____13____. Research lays ____14____ the challenges many with ADHD face when it comes to their personal finances, which found that those living with ADHD are four times more likely to frequently impulse-spend than those who do not have the condition. Crawford says she has a sense that most people have a “background programme running in their head — a(n) ____15____ awareness of what’s in their bank account, how much they have spent so far that day, and upcoming bills or subscription ____16____. I don’t have any of those background programmes. Every time I open my bank account, it’s a total surprise to me.” As a result, she spends a lot of time living in her overdraft (透支) by ____17____, which creates stress and anxiety. She likes to be able to label and categorize her outgoings, which keeps budgeting more interesting, providing the “dopamine hits” her brain needs to pay attention, and likes the fact she receives push notifications with ____18____ of how much she is spending throughout the day. Things such as parking tickets and payment deadlines can be particularly tricky. She says there are regular occasions when she becomes overwhelmed by a ticket or ____19____ date, and then the cost jumps. “It’s quite scary to feel not in control like that,” she says. Fortunately, digital banking tools designed to give users more control and provide greater “visibility” for their finances have been widely praised by many in the ADHD community. The most helpful banking features ____20____ included notifications about upcoming bills and places to set money aside such as savings pots. 【答案】11. F 12. K 13. J 14. A 15. C 16. H 17. G 18. I 19. D 20. E 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章以汉娜・克劳福德为例介绍英国患注意力缺陷多动障碍的成人数量渐增，他们无法抗拒购买欲望，常常超出预算。研究显示患者冲动消费概率高，而数字银行工具助其理财，获患者认可。 【11题详解】 考查动词。句意：她说，其中一个主要挑战是“出门时花的钱不会是你原本打算的两倍”，这意味着要仔细列清单，并抵制冲动消费的持续欲望。空处为句子谓语动词，根据“which means making careful lists”可知，此处指如果不列清单的话，花费会比原计划多，动词intend符合题意，表示购物之前的打算，用一般过去时，表示描述过去发生的事情，intend用过去式intended。故选F。 【12题详解】 考查名词。句意：她说，其中一个主要挑战是“出门时花的钱不会是你原本打算的两倍”，这意味着要仔细列清单，并抵制冲动消费的持续欲望。空处应填名词作动词resisting的宾语，结合resisting和impulse-buy可知，此处指抵制持续购买的欲望，名词urge“欲望”符合题意。故选K。 【13题详解】 考查形容词。句意：据估计，总人数达数百万，尽管大多数人尚未被确诊。空处作表语，前文提到“She was diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (过动症) last summer, and is one of a growing number of UK adults with the condition.”，后文用although表转折，需体现总人数多但多数未被确诊的对比关系，形容词undiagnosed“(疾病)未确诊的”符合题意。故选J。 【14题详解】 考查固定搭配。句意：研究阐明了许多多动症患者在个人财务方面面临的挑战，研究发现，多动症患者频繁冲动消费的可能性是无此病症者的四倍。此处考查固定短语lay sth bare，意为“暴露、阐明、揭示”，表示研究揭示了患有注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的人在个人财务方面面临的挑战，填形容词bare“无遮盖的，裸露的”。故选A。 【15题详解】 考查形容词。句意：克劳福德说，她感觉大多数人的大脑里都有一个“后台程序在运行——对自己的银行账户余额、当天已花金额以及即将到来的账单或订阅付款保持持续的认知”。空处修饰名词awareness，与前文background programme running“后台程序持续运行”相呼应，此处指持续的认知，形容词constant“持续的”符合题意。故选C。 【16题详解】 考查名词。句意：克劳福德说，她感觉大多数人的大脑里都有一个“后台程序在运行 —— 对自己的银行账户余额、当天已花金额以及即将到来的账单或订阅付款保持持续的认知”。空处与上文bills（账单）为并列关系，均指“需要支付的费用”，payments为名词，subscription payments（订阅付款）符合即将到来的需支付费用的语境。故选H。 【17题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：结果，她经常因疏忽而透支，这给她带来了压力和焦虑。此处考查固定短语by mistake，意为 “错误地、无意中”，符合因疏忽（无意中）导致透支的语境。故选G。 【18题详解】 考查名词。句意：她喜欢给支出分类标记，这让预算管理更有趣，能给她的大脑提供所需的“多巴胺刺激”以保持注意力；同时她也喜欢收到推送通知，提醒自己一天花了多少钱。空处应填名词作介词with的宾语，reminder为可数名词，意为“通知单，提示信，提醒人记忆之物”，“push notifications with reminders of how much she is spending”表示“包含她当天花了多少钱这类提示的推送通知，符合语境，根据“push notifications”可知表复数概念，用复数形式reminders。故选I。 【19题详解】 考查形容词。句意：她说，经常会有这样的情况：她被罚单或到期日搞得不知所措，然后费用就上涨了。空处修饰名词date，应填形容词，结合a ticket“罚单”可知，固定短语due date“到期日”符合题意。故选D。 【20题详解】 考查动词。句意：事实证明，最有用的银行功能包括提醒即将到来的账单，以及设置专门存钱的地方（如储蓄罐）。句中features“功能”与 included“包含”之间需体现“被确认、被发现包含”的关系，identified为动词过去分词，意为“被确认、被识别”，符合“研究发现/确认的有用功能”的语境。故选E。 Ⅱ. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. A few years ago, I found myself really burnt out. I was struggling to motivate myself and looking at my calendar started filling me with a sort of low-grade fear. But the ____21____ part for me was that on the surface there wasn’t any obvious reason why I would be so tired. It didn’t seem ____22____. Sure, I was busy, but no more busy than anyone else. So what was wrong with me? But when I couldn’t shake it off after a few weeks and when I ____23____ more serious health issues, it became clear that what I was experiencing was, in fact, burnout. And at a certain point it hit me: my burnout wasn’t stemming from my distant past; it had actually been more than a decade in the ____24____. I realized that I’d been ____25____ to truly relaxing for at least 15 years. Even when I had “time off”, I never actually relaxed. I never let myself off the hook. Taking downtime made me feel ____26____, which was hard to detect — but ____27____. And over time it wore me down, physically and mentally. Job burnout is very real, but it is not the only cause of burnout. We tend to think that taking a rest or a break from work will always ____28____ our burnout. But because we can also get burnt out from other, less obvious causes, the cures are often less obvious as well. We can get burnt out from years of stress, ____29____ emotions and simply living the wrong life for us. If your cause of burnout stems from one of those less obvious places, you are going to have to do a little more digging to figure out the cause of your ____30____. Assuming you can’t quit your life and go chill on a beach for a few years, what does ____31____ from burnout look like? The first cure is rest. And I mean true rest, not rest where you feel stressed and guilty for resting. It also helps to think through where your particular burnout originates from. After identifying the ____32____ of your burnout, then you can get honest with yourself about what you can do to help yourself. If it’s overworking, the obvious cure is a shift in the way you operate and very ____33____ rest and downtime. It will depend on what’s feasible for you, but if you find yourself in a job or career that you cannot, practically speaking, ____34____, the question is how can you create more rest outside work? I recommend, in addition to ____35____, working with a great therapist to help unpack your emotions and trauma, gain coping mechanisms to heal, and avoid burnout in the future. 21. A. integral B. confusing C. spare D. significant 22. A. wrong B. justified C. challenging D. doubtful 23. A. inquired after B. gave in C. carried away D. ruled out 24. A. processing B. discussing C. making D. feeling 25. A. resistant B. loyal C. accustomed D. obliged 26. A. relaxed B. guilty C. energetic D. important 27. A. sensible B. personal C. changeable D. ceaseless 28. A. reverse B. intensify C. continue D. aid 29. A. positive B. carefree C. mixed D. unresolved 30. A. argument B. depression C. exhaustion D. failure 31. A. departure B. healing C. originating D. absence 32. A. consequence B. source C. target D. matter 33. A. accidental B. wise C. little D. casual 34. A. promote B. value C. quit D. review 35. A. resting B. workout C. entertainment D. tutoring 【答案】21. B 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. D 30. C 31. B 32. B 33. B 34. C 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。讲述了作者曾陷入倦怠，表面无明显原因，后发现是15年抗拒放松、休息时愧疚长期积累所致。文章还提及倦怠的多种诱因，并给出休息、找根源等治愈建议。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但对我来说，最令人困惑的地方在于，从表面上看，我为什么会如此疲惫并没有明显的缘由。A. integral必要的；B. confusing令人困惑的；C. spare备用的；D. significant重大的。根据后文“on the surface there wasn’t any obvious reason why I would be so tired”可知，这种无明确诱因的疲惫对作者而言是令人困惑的。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这似乎毫无道理。A. wrong错误的；B. justified有合理解释的；C. challenging富有挑战性的；D. doubtful怀疑的。结合上文“on the surface there wasn’t any obvious reason why I would be so tired”和后文“So what was wrong with me?”可知，作者觉得这种无缘由的疲惫没道理、不成立，故选B。 【23题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：但过了几周之后，我仍无法摆脱这种状况，而且经过进一步排查也排除了其他严重的健康问题。于是，我逐渐明白自己所经历的，实际上就是职业倦怠。A. inquired after询问近况；B. gave in屈服；C. carried away情绪激动；D. ruled out排除。后文“more serious health issues, it became clear that what I was experiencing was, in fact, burnout”提到“很明显自己经历的是倦怠”，说明作者先“排除了更严重的健康问题”，才能确定是倦怠。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在某个时刻，我突然意识到：我的职业倦怠并非源于遥远的过去，而是历经了十多年才逐渐形成的。A. processing加工；B. discussing讨论；C. making制作；D. feeling感觉。前文“my burnout wasn’t stemming from my distant past(倦怠并非源于遥远过去)”，转折后强调“it had actually been more than a decade(其实十多年来一直在逐渐形成)”可知，“in the making(在形成过程中)”符合“长期积累导致倦怠”的逻辑。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我意识到自己至少在过去的15年里一直都不愿意真正地放松下来。A. resistant抵制的；B. loyal忠诚的；C. accustomed习惯的；D. obliged感激的。后文“Even when I had “time off”, I never actually relaxed.(即使有休息时间，也从未真正放松)”说明作者抗拒真正放松，“resistant to relaxing(抗拒放松)”符合语境。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：休息本身让我感到内疚，这种感觉难以察觉——但却一直存在。A. relaxed放松；B. guilty内疚的；C. energetic精力充沛的；D. important重要的。根据上文“Even when I had “time off”, I never actually relaxed. (即使有休息时间，也从未真正放松)”可知，作者从未放过自己，可知休息会让作者感到愧疚，“feel guilty(感到愧疚)”符合“无法坦然休息”的心理。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. sensible理智的；B. personal个人的；C. changeable可改变的；D. ceaseless不断的。后文“And over time it wore me down, physically and mentally.(长期下来身心俱疲)”说明休息时的愧疚感是持续不断的，ceaseless符合“长期积累导致疲惫”的逻辑。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们往往认为，休息一下或暂时停止工作就能彻底消除我们的疲惫状态。A. reverse逆转；B. intensify加剧；C. continue继续；D. aid帮助。前文“Job burnout is very real, but it is not the only cause of burnout.”以及后文“But because we can also get burnt out from other, less obvious causes, the cures are often less obvious as well.”暗示仅从工作中休息未必能扭转倦怠。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们可能会因长期的压力、未解决的情绪问题以及过着与自己不相符的生活而身心俱疲。A. positive积极的；B. carefree无忧无虑的；C. mixed矛盾的；D. unresolved未解决的。根据上文“We can get burnt out from years of stress”以及“simply living the wrong life for us”可知，这里在列举让我们身心疲惫的原因，“未解决的情绪”是常见的隐性压力源，与其它两项并列符合逻辑。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你的职业倦怠源于那些不太明显的因素，那么你就需要进一步深入探究，以找出导致自己疲惫不堪的具体原因。A. argument争论；B. depression沮丧；C. exhaustion筋疲力尽；D. failure失败。全文围绕“倦怠（burnout）”展开，倦怠的核心表现是“疲惫”，“the cause of your exhaustion(疲惫的原因)”与“burnout”呼应。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查动词和名词词义辨析。句意：假设你无法放下自己的生活，无法去海滩上放松几年，那么职业倦怠的治愈状态又会是怎样的呢？A. departure离开；B. healing康复；C. originating动词，起源；D. absence缺席。根据后文“The first cure is rest. And I mean true rest, not rest where you feel stressed and guilty for resting. It also helps to think through where your particular burnout originates from.(第一种治疗方法就是休息。我指的是真正的休息，而不是那种让你感到压力重重、还因休息而自责的休息方式。此外，思考一下你这种极度疲惫的具体根源也很有帮助)”可知，后文在介绍治愈倦怠的方法，故此处“what does ____ from burnout look like”应指治愈倦怠。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在确定了自己出现职业倦怠的原因之后，接下来你就可以诚实地审视一下自己，思考自己能做些什么来帮助你自己。A. consequence结果；B. source来源；C. target目标；D. matter事情。根据上文“It also helps to think through where your particular burnout originates from.(此外，思考一下你个人的这种疲惫状态究竟源自何处也会有所帮助)”可知，上文提到思考倦怠的起源，即确定出现职业倦怠的原因。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果是因为过度劳累导致的，那么最直接的解决办法就是改变你的工作方式，并且要有明智的休息和放松时间。A. accidental意外的；B. wise明智的；C. little少的；D. casual休闲的。根据上文“If it’s overworking, the obvious cure is a shift in the way you operate and very”可知，如果是过度工作导致倦怠，明显的解决办法是调整工作方式和进行明智的休息，“wise rest”符合有效治愈倦怠的需求，强调休息的合理性。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这要取决于对你而言什么是切实可行的，但如果你发现自己所从事的工作或职业，实际上根本无法提前终止（从实际角度来说），那么问题就来了：你该如何在工作之外为自己创造更多的休息时间呢？A. promote促进；B. value重视；C. quit停止，辞职；D. review复习。根据后文“how can you create more rest outside work?(在工作之余，你怎样才能创造更多的休息时间呢？)”可知，如何在工作之外创造更多休息暗示无法停止（quit）当前工作。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：此外，我建议你除了好好休息之外，还应该找一位优秀的治疗师合作，以帮助您理清内心的情感和创伤，找到应对的方法来实现疗愈，并避免日后出现身心疲惫的情况。A. resting休息；B. workout锻炼；C. entertainment娱乐；D. tutoring辅导。前文“The first cure is rest.”已强调休息是首要治愈方式，此处“in addition to ____” 应承接前文，补充“除了休息之外，还建议寻求治疗师帮助”，“resting(休息)”符合逻辑。故选A。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) As you read, do you scribble (乱涂乱画) around the edges? Over the years, writers have sworn by the practice. Edgar Allan Poe, an American poet, once wrote: ‘In getting my books, I have been always eager for a sufficient margin for the facility it affords me of penciling suggested thoughts, agreements and differences of opinion…’ I tend to make notes digitally nowadays. And if I include magazines and newspapers, most of my reading is online, where I probably could make remarks with the right software, but can hardly doodle (涂鸦). That’s a shame. Apart from the fact that commenting boosts recall, we’d lose something if freeform margin-writing faded away. One of the meanings of ‘marginalia’ is ‘non-essential’, yet it’s anything but. For one thing, scribbled-upon books have helped reveal the web of influences between writers and thinkers. Herman Melville’s scribbled copy of John Milton’s Paradise Lost (《失乐园》) shows how it inspired Moby-Dick (《白鲸记》). And Charles Darwin’s comments in his books, from Charles Lyell’s Principles of Geology to his grandfather Erasmus Darwin’s The Temple of Nature, inform how they shaped his theory. Marginalia can reveal everyday insights too. Historians occasionally find marginal notes that speak of long-dead readers’ lives. A recent exhibition in Dublin features scriptures doodled on by Irish monks from the Middle Ages. One described feeling ‘alcohol-killed’; another complained about his writing materials. It turns out that nuns did similar. In 2022, researchers found surprisingly modern cartoons of people around the edges of an 8th century Act of Apostles. A nun scratched them, perhaps playfully. Reading about these examples made me think I should annotate (批注) more, not everything, but the writing I care about. Or maybe I’ll copy a nice TikTok trend I found while writing this: giving someone a book with little notes or drawings in it. This 21st-century practice suggests digitalization may not be the end of annotation after all. Poe might have approved. 36. The word marginalia in the passage most likely means ________. A. Decorative illustrations that were drawn in the margin of a page. B. Extra notes or comments written by readers around a book’s edges. C. Important chapters added by an author after the main text was done. D. Non-essential paragraphs removed when a book was being published. 37. What is one historical value of marginalia mentioned in the passage? A. It suggests that scribbled notes, were preserved better than printed text. B. It proves that old books were often exchanged among famous thinkers. C. It indicates that ancient readers wrote mainly about their private lives. D. It shows the personal influence of one book on another writer’s work. 38. What does the example of Irish monks’ and nuns’ doodles illustrate? A. Marginal notes always reveal readers’ deepest philosophical concerns. B. Religious scriptures were rarely treated with seriousness in the past. C. Scribbles sometimes show humor and daily life of ordinary readers. D. Medieval readers often destroyed books with careless scribbles. 39. What is the main idea of the passage? A. The practice of marginalia indicates that reading habits never change. B. The decline of marginalia shows that digital reading is replacing books. C. The origin of marginalia proves that writers were inspired by religion. D. The tradition of marginalia reflects both memory and cultural value. 【答案】36. B 37. D 38. C 39. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。本文围绕书页旁注展开，先提及作家爱伦・坡对旁注的推崇及自身数字化阅读难以涂鸦的遗憾，随后阐述旁注的价值，最后提出应重视旁注传统，且数字化时代旁注并未终结。 【36题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段中“One of the meanings of ‘marginalia’ is ‘non-essential’, yet it’s anything but. For one thing, scribbled-upon books have helped reveal the web of influences between writers and thinkers.(“marginalia”的含义之一是“非必需的”，但它绝非如此。一方面，带有涂鸦批注的书籍有助于揭示作家与思想家之间的影响网络)”可知，marginalia指的是读者在书页边缘写下的额外注释或评论。故选B。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“For one thing, scribbled-upon books have helped reveal the web of influences between writers and thinkers. Herman Melville’s scribbled copy of John Milton’s Paradise Lost (《失乐园》) shows how it inspired Moby-Dick (《白鲸记》). And Charles Darwin’s comments in his books, from Charles Lyell’s Principles of Geology to his grandfather Erasmus Darwin’s The Temple of Nature, inform how they shaped his theory.(一方面，带有涂鸦批注的书籍有助于揭示作家与思想家之间的影响网络。赫尔曼・梅尔维尔在约翰・弥尔顿《失乐园》上的批注，表明了该书如何启发他创作《白鲸记》。查尔斯・达尔文在其书籍 —— 从查尔斯・莱尔的《地质学原理》到他祖父伊拉斯谟・达尔文的《自然神殿》—— 中的批注，揭示了这些书籍如何塑造他的理论)”可知，旁注的历史价值之一是展现一本书对另一位作家作品的个人影响。故选D。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“Marginalia can reveal everyday insights too. Historians occasionally find marginal notes that speak of long-dead readers’ lives. A recent exhibition in Dublin features scriptures doodled on by Irish monks from the Middle Ages. One described feeling ‘alcohol-killed’; another complained about his writing materials. It turns out that nuns did similar. In 2022, researchers found surprisingly modern cartoons of people around the edges of an 8th century Act of Apostles. A nun scratched them, perhaps playfully.(旁注也能展现日常见解。历史学家偶尔会发现一些旁注，讲述早已逝去的读者的生活。都柏林最近的一个展览展示了中世纪爱尔兰僧侣在经文上的涂鸦。其中一人写道自己感觉“喝懵了”；另一人抱怨他的书写材料。事实证明，修女们也做过类似的事。2022年，研究人员在 8 世纪的《使徒行传》边缘发现了令人惊讶的现代人物漫画。这是一位修女画的，或许是出于好玩)”可知，爱尔兰僧侣和修女的涂鸦例子表明，涂鸦有时能展现普通读者的幽默感和日常生活。故选C。 【39题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文。结合第四段提到 “commenting boosts recall(批注有助于记忆)”， “helped reveal the web of influences between writers and thinkers(助力揭示作家与思想家之间的影响网络)”，第五段指出旁注“can reveal everyday insights(能展现日常见解)”这些均体现旁注兼具记忆辅助作用与文化价值；最后一段还提到数字化时代旁注传统未终结。综上，文章主旨是旁注传统既反映记忆价值，也体现文化价值。故选D。 (B) I struggle with letting go of things. Distressing situations that occurred decades ago still regularly pop into my mind and stress me out. I don’t seem to be able to move past them and forget them. Even small irrelevant things get me worked up. Can you suggest some techniques to move on and lead a calmer life? ——A painful reader Since you said a lot of these are insignificant upon reflection, I’ll assume we’re not talking about big traumas (创伤) but the kinds of sour memories we all have. It feels unpleasant to be pulled back into the past, forced to relive those painful memories. So why do we keep going back? One possibility is that we feel not enough has changed. Time might have passed, but in the respects that matter, we still feel as though we’re right there. Still scared in the same ways those situations made us feel, still vulnerable to those same stressors, even uninsured against the same mistakes. If you feel as though a lot has changed since an indignity, the memory feels more like a postcard from somewhere distant. But if you feel the same in the ways that matter, an upsetting thing from the past can still seem threatening insofar as that version of us persists today. Or maybe we go back to these memories because there’s some unanswered question we keep trying to solve. Why did I say that? Why did they do that? If I’d done that differently, would this have changed? Maybe, more rarely, we go back because we’re bored. Sometimes if present-day life doesn’t quite feel stimulating enough we can go back to conflicts or hard choices from the past, because even though they were unpleasant, they somehow feel more real. Therapy can help figure out which it is for you. When the distressing thought comes knocking, why does it seem worth opening the door? That would really help you tailor your strategies. The calm you’ll need if you’re trying to solve a question may not be the calm you need if you still feel vulnerable in those same ways. Well-meaning people might say you need closure, a way to tell a coherent (有条理的) story. Closure is great if you can get it, but I’m not convinced it’s essential. What concerns me is that trying to find narratively pleasing ways to transform painful memories ultimately makes our capacity to move on depend on whether we can make sense of those events. Coherence may be genuinely beyond our reach. Bad luck doesn’t make sense. People don’t always have a “why”. I think it’s less “I have to get closure” and more “I have to see this as past; over”. As you try to figure out what is captivating about these memories, it might help to try seeing them in past tense. Not solved, just over—not a source of new pain, not part of a pattern; an echo of hurts gone by. 40. According to the columnist, why do we keep going back to painful memories? A. (a) Still vulnerable as before; (b) Wondering “why”; (c) Feeling bored in present life. B. (a) Becoming stronger over time; (b) Gaining closure ultimately; (c) Seeking excitement. C. (a) Avoiding current problems; (b) Hoping to erase past; (c) Searching for luck. D. (a) Developing new skills; (b) Rewriting the past; (c) Enjoying old conflicts. 41. What concern does the author express about the idea of “closure”? A. Closure is unnecessary and irrelevant for individuals stuck in pain. B. Closure relies on making sense of events, which may be impossible. C. Closure can only be achieved through constructing a touching story. D. Closure is seen as more valuable than the ability to move forward. 42. Which of the following best summarizes the author’s advice? A. Painful memories must be carefully analyzed to gain wisdom. B. Forgetting the past is the only way to achieve peace eternally. C. Painful memories should be seen as finished events, not threats. D. One could resolve painful memories by rewriting his own past. 【答案】40. A 41. B 42. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，针对一位读者“难以释怀过去痛苦记忆、无法平静生活”的困扰，专栏作者分析了人们反复回想痛苦记忆的原因，并给出了相应的建议，帮助读者走出过去的阴影。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Still scared in the same ways those situations made us feel, still vulnerable to those same stressors(我们依然会因类似情境感到恐惧，依然容易受到同样压力源的影响)”，第五段中的“Or maybe we go back to these memories because there’s some unanswered question we keep trying to solve. Why did I say that? Why did they do that? (或者，我们回想这些记忆，可能是因为有一些未解的问题一直想弄明白：我当时为什么那么说？他们为什么要那样做？)”，以及第六段中的“Maybe, more rarely, we go back because we’re bored... if present-day life doesn’t quite feel stimulating enough we can go back to conflicts or hard choices from the past (还有一种较少见的情况，我们回想过去是因为感到无聊……如果当下的生活不够刺激，我们就可能回想过去的矛盾或艰难抉择)”可知，人们反复回想痛苦记忆的原因包括：依然像以前一样脆弱、想弄明白“为什么”、对当下生活感到无聊。A项准确概括了这三点；故选A项。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“What concerns me is that trying to find narratively pleasing ways to transform painful memories ultimately makes our capacity to move on depend on whether we can make sense of those events. Coherence may be genuinely beyond our reach. Bad luck doesn’t make sense. People don’t always have a ‘why’(让我担心的是，试图用条理清晰的方式转化痛苦记忆，最终会让我们能否向前走，取决于我们能否理解那些事件。但这种‘条理’可能真的遥不可及：坏运气本就无逻辑可言，人们做事情也不总有‘原因’)”可知，作者对“解脱（closure）”这一概念的担忧是：解脱依赖于理解事件，但有些事件本身无法被理解。故选B项。 【42题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后两段中的“I think it’s less ‘I have to get closure’ and more ‘I have to see this as past; over’(我认为关键不在于‘必须获得解脱’，而在于‘必须把它看作过去的事，已经结束了’)”以及“As you try to figure out what is captivating about these memories, it might help to try seeing them in past tense. Not solved, just over — not a source of new pain, not part of a pattern; an echo of hurts gone by.(当你试图弄明白这些记忆为何如此牵动你时，不妨试着用“过去时”去看待它们 —— 不是“已解决”，而是“已结束”。它们不应再是新痛苦的来源，也不属于某种不断重复的模式，而只是过去伤痛留下的一丝余响罢了)”可知，作者的核心建议是：应将痛苦记忆视为已经结束的事件，而非威胁。故选C项。 (C) If you use AI-powered chatbot, you’re probably operating under the assumption that you’re both speaking the same language. You input English, it outputs English. Simple, right? Except that’s a misconception: You’ve actually been speaking different languages. Rather than processing text like a human, the chatbot turns your prompt (提示语) into a set of numbers on a map. But just as a map is a flattened representation of its territory, these numbers can’t capture all the meaning and context of language. Next, the chatbot formulates a reply, making a word-by-word prediction based on how it was trained to answer past inputs. This prediction draws on biased training data and the feedback it receives. Ultimately, what looks like English to you is really an imitation of actual human speech. The disturbing thing is that now, with hundreds of millions of people regularly engaging with chatbots, English-speaking humans are starting to talk like the inhuman communicator on the other side. For example, ChatGPT uses the word “delve” at higher rates than people generally use. As researchers have found, this likely results from small biases and errors in the human feedback process compounding over time. Employees of AI companies checking over large language model (LLM) outputs are often low-wage workers, where “delve” is used at higher rates than in American or British English. Now this overuse is bleeding into global culture. In the two years since ChatGPT launched in late 2022, the appearance of “delve” in academic publishing saw a tenfold increase as researchers began turning to AI for help with their papers. As scientists and writers have grown more aware of this phenomenon, they’ve taken steps to “sound less like AI.” But most people likely don’t know about the chatbot biases toward certain words. Users assume that ChatGPT is talking in “normal” English, because that’s the implication of the tool’s user interface (界面). They also assume that regular, everyday texts they encounter are normal English, even when they might have been AI-generated as well. Over time, it gets easier and easier to confuse the representation with reality. Our tendency to unwittingly adopting LLM vocabulary will likely only increase as the circle of AI text, human text we don’t know is AI, and actual human speech spins faster and faster. In psycholinguistics, the more we see a word represented. the more intuitive it feels to use it ourselves. It’s normal for our mental language mappings to evolve, but now we’ re in a feedback loop (回路) where our “maps” are coming together with the chatbots’ “maps.” Both differ from the actual landscape, but the confusion is making it harder to evaluate what’s real human language and what’s artificially generated. As this distinction becomes harder to perceive, we’ll keep blurring the lines of reality, cyclically using that blur to construct our new realities. And as AI models continue to be trained on both their own output and the AI-influenced human writing they absorb, the widespread presence of LLM-speak will only intensify. Linguistically, there’s nothing wrong with this. The word “delve” isn’t any worse for your brain than its alternatives. But language is a forerunner of greater social shifts. There are many other, far more hidden and dangerous misrepresentations that are also coded into LLMs, which might be harder to definitively measure. We need to remember that these aren’t neutral tools: They hold the power to subtly reshape our thinking. 43. Why does the author think users and AI-powered chatbots are actually speaking different languages? A. Because AI-generated output is based on human’s misconception over the long term. B. Because AI’s word choices are becoming more common in human writing than before. C. Because the AI turns text into a set of numbers rather than understanding it like a human. D. Because humans may confuse AI- generated text with real human language over time. 44. According to the passage, why does ChatGPT use the word “delve” more often than typical human speakers? A. Because it was designed to consistently prefer more advanced vocabulary choices. B Because its training reflects biased feedback from lower-paid human workers. C. Because it frequently learns from academic sources that use the word extensively. D. Because the word “delve” is simpler for the system to generate than other options. 45. In the 7th paragraph, the phrase “widespread presence of LLM- speak” refers to ________. A. The idea that different AI models end up relying on a very similar set of words. B. The growing influence of AI-shaped vocabulary in human writing and speech. C. The observation that AI chatbots are now widely available across many nations. D. The situation where human vocabulary is gradually replaced by AI-generated terms. 46. What is the author’s main purpose in writing this passage? A. To explain how AI chatbots technically process language and why that differs from humans. B. To argue that academic publishing has been completely taken over by AI writing tools. C. To warn that AI-generated language can subtly influence human vocabulary and thinking. D. To encourage readers to avoid using advanced words like “delve” in their own writing. 【答案】43. C 44. B 45. B 46. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要分析了AI聊天机器人（如ChatGPT）与人类语言交互的本质差异，以及AI生成语言对人类语言习惯的潜在影响。 【43题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Rather than processing text like a human, the chatbot turns your prompt (提示语) into a set of numbers on a map. But just as a map is a flattened representation of its territory, these numbers can’t capture all the meaning and context of language.(与人类处理文本的方式不同，这款聊天机器人会将你的提示语转化为地图上的一系列数字。但正如地图只是对其所覆盖区域的平面化呈现一样，这些数字也无法完全捕捉语言的所有含义和语境。)”可知，聊天机器人将提示语转化为地图上的数字集合，这些数字无法捕捉语言的全部含义和上下文，AI处理语言的方式与人类有本质差异，因此推断作者认为用户和由人工智能驱动的聊天机器人实际上是在使用不同的语言进行交流，因为人工智能将文本转化为一系列数字，而不是像人类那样去理解它。故选C。 【44题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“As researchers have found, this likely results from small biases and errors in the human feedback process compounding over time. Employees of AI companies checking over large language model (LLM) outputs are often low-wage workers, where “delve” is used at higher rates than in American or British English.(正如研究人员所发现的那样，这很可能是因为在人类反馈过程中存在的细微偏差和错误随着时间的推移而不断累积所致。在人工智能公司中负责检查大型语言模型（LLM）输出的员工通常是低薪员工，而在美式英语或英式英语中，“delve”这个词的使用频率要高于其他语言。)”可知，这可能是由于人类反馈过程中的微小偏见和错误长期累积，而低薪员工使用“delve”的频率更高，因此ChatGPT高频使用“delve”是因为其训练过程反映了来自薪资较低的人类工作者的带有偏见的反馈。故选B。 【45题详解】 词句猜测题。根据文章第七段“It’s normal for our mental language mappings to evolve, but now we’ re in a feedback loop (回路) where our “maps” are coming together with the chatbots’ “maps.” Both differ from the actual landscape, but the confusion is making it harder to evaluate what’s real human language and what’s artificially generated.(我们大脑中“语言映射”的演变本是正常现象，但如今我们陷入了一个反馈回路 —— 我们的“映射”正与聊天机器人的“映射”相互交织。两者都与真实的语言图景存在偏差，而这种混淆使得我们更难分辨哪些是真正的人类语言，哪些是人工智能生成的内容。)”及“And as AI models continue to be trained on both their own output and the AI-influenced human writing they absorb, the widespread presence of LLM-speak will only intensify.”（随着人工智能模型继续根据自己的输出和它们吸收的受人工智能影响的人类写作进行训练，widespread presence of LLM-speak只会增强）可知，“widespread presence of LLM-speak”指的是人工智能塑造的词汇在人类书面语和口语中的影响力。故选B。 【46题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章末段“But language is a forerunner of greater social shifts. There are many other, far more hidden and dangerous misrepresentations that are also coded into LLMs, which might be harder to definitively measure. We need to remember that these aren’t neutral tools: They hold the power to subtly reshape our thinking.(但语言是更大规模社会变革的先导。在大型语言模型（LLMs）中，还隐藏着许多其他更隐蔽、更危险的信息偏差，而这些偏差或许更难被精准衡量。我们必须记住，这些工具并非中立无害：它们拥有潜移默化地重塑我们思维方式的力量。)”可知，语言是社会变革的先导，AI有能力潜移默化地重塑我们的思维，因此推断作者写这篇文章的目的是警告人们，人工智能生成的语言可能会对人类的词汇量和思维方式产生潜移默化的影响。故选C。 Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box. Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. What’s Your Preferred Playback Speed? Glen Powell, a Hollywood idol, likes 1x listening speed: “I want to hear people talk at a normal human rate.” Bowen Yang, an American comedian, prefers his narration fast and loose. “You can round up to 2x”, though he considers 1.8x the perfect pace. Both men appeared in an advert by Audible, an audiobook platform, which featured various celebrities talking about the speed at which they listen to their chosen titles. It triggered fierce debate online for implying that those who make haste are weird. “I listened to your judgmental ad on 2x speed,” one TikTok user said. Some claimed to feel “shamed” by the advert and threatened to cancel their subscriptions. ____47____. A recent survey found that 31% of Americans between the ages of 18 and 29 listen to audio at playback speeds faster than 1x. The time-saving benefits can be enormous. ____48____. If you had a ten-hour journey, you could listen to “Persuasion” in eight hours and 13 minutes at 1x speed. But, if you clicked 1.5x, you’d hear all about Anne Elliot’s exploits in five and a half hours, leaving space for “Animal Farm” and “The Little Prince”, with time to spare. ____49____. Researchers looked at the test scores of students who had watched lectures back at varying speeds and found that up to 1.5x there was not much of a difference in performance, although scores started to decrease noticeably as playback speeds approached or exceeded 2x. For audio and video platforms, there is no downside to offering different playback options: the more books or episodes a subscriber gets through, the better the advertising and sales revenues. But for listeners, the experience differs greatly between 1x and 2x. Audiobook narrators hold that here’s an art of pacing, tone and suspension to reading aloud. ____50____. Rhetoric (修辞) often relies on rhythm and pauses for emphasis and meaning. Yet for many, to speed or not to speed is no longer a question. A. If listeners speed that up too much, they’re losing that part of the performance. B. Thus, while younger adults can watch videos at faster speeds without significant consequences, we advise against older adults doing so. C. The online argument points to the changing way in which audiences, particularly young ones, engage with digital media. D. This may be especially important as age-related changes in cognition may necessitate adjustments to instructional videos to optimize learning. E. A faster pace does not seem to affect listeners’ ability to concentrate. F. YouTube claims that its viewers collectively save more than 900 years per day thanks to its fast-playback feature. 【答案】47. C 48. F 49. E 50. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文围绕“音频播放速度偏好”展开，介绍了年轻人加速听音频的普遍现象、加速播放的省时优势、速度对学习效果的影响，以及平台与听众对播放速度的不同态度。 【47题详解】 上文“Some claimed to feel ‘shamed’ by the advert and threatened to cancel their subscriptions.(一些人表示被这则广告 “羞辱”，并威胁要取消订阅)”说明了Audible广告引发了听众的负面反应和争议。选项C“这场网络争论表明，受众（尤其是年轻受众）与数字媒体互动的方式正在发生变化”符合语境， 选项中的online argument与前文debate online呼应，且进一步指出争论反映的深层问题 —— 受众与数字媒体互动方式的变化，承接自然。故选C。 【48题详解】 上文“The time-saving benefits can be enormous.(省时的好处可能是巨大的)”点明加速播放的核心优势是节省时间。选项F“YouTube 称，得益于其快速播放功能，用户每天总共节省的时间超过900年”符合题意，是对上文内容的具体说明，强化加速播放省时的观点。故选F。 【49题详解】 下文“Researchers looked at the test scores of students who had watched lectures back at varying speeds and found that up to 1.5x there was not much of a difference in performance, although scores started to decrease noticeably as playback speeds approached or exceeded 2x.(研究人员观察了以不同速度观看讲座的学生的考试成绩，发现当播放速度达到1.5倍时，他们的表现并没有太大差异，尽管当播放速度接近或超过2倍时，分数开始明显下降)”说明了中低速加速（1.5 倍以内）对学习效果影响较小。选项E“较快的播放速度似乎并不影响听众的专注力”符合语境，与下文衔接紧密。故选E。 【50题详解】 上文“Audiobook narrators hold that there’s an art of pacing, tone and suspension to reading aloud.(有声书朗读者认为，朗读存在节奏、语气和悬念营造的艺术)”指出朗读的艺术性；下文“Rhetoric often relies on rhythm and pauses for emphasis and meaning.(修辞往往依赖节奏和停顿来强调重点、传递含义)”进一步说明节奏、停顿对朗读表达的重要性。选项A“如果听众把速度调得太快，就会失去这部分表演（艺术）的魅力”符合语境，承上启下，选项中的 that part of the performance指代上文朗读者提到的pacing, tone and suspension，且与下文rhythm and pauses相呼应。故选A。 Ⅲ. Summary Writing 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Keratin (角蛋白) Obtained from Wool Repairs Teeth in Breakthrough After extracting keratin from wool and applying it to teeth, scientists found that the substance formed a protective crystal-like coating that mimicked natural tooth enamel (釉质). The finding could support sustainable, low-cost treatments for early tooth decay within the next two to three years, according to the researchers. “Keratin offers a transformative alternative to current dental treatments,” study coauthor Sara Gamea said. Not only is it sustainably sourced from biological waste materials like hair and skin, it also eliminates the need for traditional plastic resins, commonly used in restorative dentistry, which are toxic and less durable. Keratin also looks much more natural than these treatments, as it can more closely match the color of the original tooth. Untreated tooth decay is the world’s most common oral health condition, affecting some 2 billion people worldwide. Over time, acidic foods, poor oral hygiene, and everyday wear and tear can break down the protective enamel that covers a person’s teeth. Losing that enamel can lead to pain, cavities and tooth loss. Unlike bones and hair, enamel does not regenerate. To investigate whether keratin-based treatments could help stop tooth decay and repair enamel, Elsharkawy and his colleagues first extracted keratin from wool fibers. Then they mixed the keratin with water, where it formed a thin film. After applying the keratin film to a tooth sample, the scientists found that it formed an ordered, strong and crystal-like coating similar to biological enamel when it came in contact with minerals in saliva. Over the course of a month, the coating attracted calcium and phosphate ions (磷酸根离子), building up a hard, protective layer over the tooth. “We are entering an exciting era where biotechnology allows us to not just treat symptoms but restore biological function using the body’s own materials,” Elsharkawy said. “With further development and the right industry partnerships, we may soon be growing stronger, healthier smiles from something as simple as a haircut.” _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________. 【答案】Summary Scientists have discovered that keratin, extracted from wool, can form a crystal-like coating that mimics natural enamel, offering a sustainable and effective treatment for tooth decay. Unlike toxic resins, keratin is eco-friendly, durable, and natural-looking. Experiments showed it attracts minerals from saliva to rebuild enamel, potentially providing low-cost dental treatments for billions worldwide within a few years. (57 words) 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，科学家们发现，从羊毛中提取的角蛋白能够形成一种类似晶体的涂层，这种涂层能够模拟天然牙釉质，为牙齿龋坏提供了一种可持续且有效的治疗方法。与有毒的树脂不同，角蛋白是环保型的、耐用的，并且外观自然。实验表明，它能从唾液中吸引矿物质来重建牙釉质，有可能在几年内为全球数十亿人提供低成本的牙齿治疗。 【详解】1.要点摘录 ①After extracting keratin from wool and applying it to teeth, scientists found that the substance formed a protective crystal-like coating that mimicked natural tooth enamel (釉质). ②Not only is it sustainably sourced from biological waste materials like hair and skin, it also eliminates the need for traditional plastic resins, commonly used in restorative dentistry, which are toxic and less durable. Keratin also looks much more natural than these treatments, as it can more closely match the color of the original tooth. ③After applying the keratin film to a tooth sample, the scientists found that it formed an ordered, strong and crystal-like coating similar to biological enamel when it came in contact with minerals in saliva. With further development and the right industry partnerships, we may soon be growing stronger, healthier smiles from something as simple as a haircut. 2.缜密构思 将第1个要点进行综述，将第2、3两个要点进行整合。 3.遣词造句 Scientists have discovered that keratin, extracted from wool, can form a crystal-like coating that mimics natural enamel, offering a sustainable and effective treatment for tooth decay. Unlike toxic resins, keratin is eco-friendly, durable, and natural-looking. Experiments showed it attracts minerals from saliva to rebuild enamel, potentially providing low-cost dental treatments for billions worldwide within a few years. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Scientists have discovered that keratin, extracted from wool, can form a crystal-like coating that mimics natural enamel, offering a sustainable and effective treatment for tooth decay.（运用that引导宾语从句） [高分句型2] Experiments showed it attracts minerals from saliva to rebuild enamel, potentially providing low-cost dental treatments for billions worldwide within a few years.（运用省略that的宾语从句） Ⅳ. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 你不可能在楼下食品杂货店买到草药和手帕。(possibility）(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】There is no possibility that you buy herbs and handkerchiefs in the grocery downstairs. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和固定句型。句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。结合题干提示possibility可知，用there is no possibility that表达“不可能……”，that引导同位语从句，对possibility进行解释；从句主语是you，谓语“买”是buy，宾语“草药和手帕”是 herbs and handkerchiefs，复数形式表泛指，状语“在楼下杂货店”是in the grocery downstairs。故翻译为There is no possibility that you buy herbs and handkerchiefs in the grocery downstairs. 53. 这位画家捕捉到了雨天里乡村景致的独特之美。(capture）(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The painter captured the unique beauty of rural landscape on rainy days. 【解析】 【详解】考查动词和时态。句子陈述过去的事情，用一般过去时；句子主语“这位画家”表达为the painter，谓语“捕捉”用capture，句中用其过去式captured，宾语“雨天里乡村景致的独特之美”the unique beauty of rural landscape on rainy days，其中介词短语on rainy days作landscape的后置定语。故翻译为The painter captured the unique beauty of rural landscape on rainy days. 54. 看到最后气球放飞时候，这位老兵很感动，心情久久不能平复。(release) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Seeing the balloons (being) released in the end, the old soldier/veteran was deeply moved, and his emotions couldn’t calm down for a long time. 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词和时态。“这位老兵很感动，心情久久不能平复”是句子主干，可拆分为两个并列分句，用连词and连接；第1分句“这位老兵很感动”中主语“这位老兵”用名词词组the old soldier/veteran，谓语“很感动”用was deeply moved，用一般过去时态讲述过去发生的事情；第二分句“心情久久不能平复”中主语“心情”用名词词组his emotions，谓语“不能平复”用couldn’t calm down，用一般过去时态，时间状语“久久”用介词短语for a long time；“看到最后气球放飞的时候”作时间状语，“看到”用动词see，用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语“the old soldier/veteran”之间是主动关系，用现在分词seeing表主动，宾语“气球”用名词the balloons，“放飞”作宾语补足语，与其逻辑主语the balloons之间是被动关系，可用过去分词released或者现在分词的被动式being released表被动，时间状语“最后”用介词短语in the end表示。综上，全句译为：Seeing the balloons (being) released in the end, the old soldier /veteran was deeply moved, and his emotions couldn't calm down for a long time. 55. 这部经典作品经过无数学者修订才流传至今，如今虽没有从前那样广泛传阅，但仍是承载传统文化的重要载体。(as…as）(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】This classic work has been passed down to the present day only after numerous/countless scholars revised it. Now, though it is not as widely read as it once was, it still serves as an important carrier of traditional culture. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和状语从句。“这部经典作品经过无数学者的修订才流传至今”为第一个分句，主语“这部经典作品”表达为this classic work，谓语“流传”表达为pass down，和主语是被动关系，且强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响，应用现在完成时的被动语态，状语“到今天”表达为to the present day，“经过”即“在……之后”，用after引导时间状语从句，从句主语“无数学者”表达为numerous/countless scholars，谓语“修订”表达为revise，从句陈述过去的动作，用一般过去时，宾语用it（指代上文提到的经典作品）。“如今虽没有从前那样广泛传阅，但仍是承载传统文化的重要载体。”为第二个分句，“如今”用now，放在句首首字母大写；“虽然”用although表达，引导让步状语从句，“不如以前那样广泛”表达为it is not as widely read as it once was，第二个as引导比较状语从句；主句主语是it（指代上文提到的经典作品），“仍”用副词still作状语；谓语“承载”用serve as表达，宾语“传统文化的重要载体”用an important carrier of traditional culture表达。综上，故翻译为This classic work has been passed down to the present day only after numerous/countless scholars revised it. Now, though it is not as widely read as it once was, it still serves as an important carrier of traditional culture. Ⅴ. Guided Writing 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学高三学生李明，你的外国朋友Alex正在中国交流学习，他想参加一项志愿者活动，有人形机器人运动会(Humanoid Robot Games）翻译和历史博物馆讲解员可选，他比较犹豫，想听听你的意见。请给Alex写一封邮件，须包括： 1.你的建议； 2.你的理由。 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________. 【答案】Dear Alex, I hope you’re enjoying your exchange in China! Knowing you’re hesitant between the Humanoid Robot Games translation and history museum guide volunteer roles, I recommend the latter. Since you’ve always been curious about Chinese culture, being a museum guide lets you dive deep into historical stories and cultural relics. You’ll explain ancient traditions to visitors, which not only polishes your Chinese expression but also helps you connect with people from different backgrounds. Compared with the robot games that need basic tech knowledge, the museum role fits your interest better and is easier to get started with. It’ll make your exchange journey more meaningful! Looking forward to hearing your decision. Yours, Li Ming 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。考生的外国朋友Alex正在中国交流学习，他想参加一项志愿者活动，有人形机器人运动会(Humanoid Robot Games）翻译和历史博物馆讲解员可选，他比较犹豫，想听听你的意见。请给Alex写一封邮件。 【详解】1.词汇积累 犹豫：hesitate → be in a dilemma 建议：suggest → recommend 深入了解：dive deep into → gain a profound understanding of 适合：fit → be suitable for 2句式拓展 同义句 原句：Knowing you’re hesitant between the Humanoid Robot Games translation and history museum guide volunteer roles, I recommend the latter. 扩展句：As I know you’re torn between volunteering as a translator for the Humanoid Robot Games and a history museum guide, I suggest the latter. 【点睛】[高分句型 1] You’ll explain ancient traditions to visitors, which not only polishes your Chinese expression but also helps you connect with people from different backgrounds.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） [高分句型 2] Since you’ve always been curious about Chinese culture, being a museum guide lets you dive deep into historical stories and cultural relics.（运用 since引导原的因状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $