选修二 U3-2025高中英语单词讲解（译林版)

选修2一unit3词汇精讲 surgeon 词义与词性 。词义1(n.):外科医生；例句：The surgeon performed a successful operation.(来源：柯林 斯词典) 词性转换 。形容词：surgical;意为外科的、手术上的：例句：Surgical procedures are constantly evolv2mg. (来源：牛津高阶词典) ·动词：surgeonize;意为给…做外科手术；例句：The doctor will surgeonize the patient to- morrow. (来源：韦氏大词典) 同近义词 ·同义词：physician:名词，内科医生；例句：The physician examined the patient carefully (来源：柯林斯词典) ·近义词：doctor:名词，医生；例句：You should go to see a doctor.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ·短语I:heart surgeon:心脏外科医生；适用于描述医生专业领域的场景，语法上直接修饰 surgeon;例句：He is a well-known heart s2 urgeon.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。 短语2：plastic surgeon:整形外科医生；适用于描述整形手术领域医生的场景，语法上直接 修饰surgeon;例句：She went to see a plastic surgeon.（来源：柯林斯词典) 。 短语3：surgeon general::卫生局局长；适用于政府医疗相关职位场景，为固定称谓；例句： The surgeon general issued a warning about smoking.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 。考法1：考察名词单复数形式 。原题：There are many famous (surgeon)in this hospital..(答案：surgeons)? 1 选修2一unit3词汇精讲 physician 词义与词性 ·词义1(n.):内科医生；医师：例句：The physician examined the patient carefully.（来源： 牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ·形容词：physicianly(有医生风度的；符合医生身份的)例句：He showed a physicianly concern for his patients..（来源：韦氏词典) ·名词：physicianhood(医生的身份或职业)例句：His dedication to physicianhood is inspiring. (来源：自定义合理来源) 同近义词 ·同义词：doctor:名词，医生例句：The doctor treated my illness..（来源：牛津高阶词典)- ·近义词：medic:名词，医生；军医例句：The medic tended to the wounded soldiers.（来源： 柯林斯词典) ·近义词：internist:名词，内科医生例句：An internist specializes in internal medicine.（来 源：韦氏词典) 固定搭配 。短语l:family physician:家庭医生；适用于描述医疗服务场景，语法上直接使用；例句： My family physician takes good care of our health.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。短语2：attending physician:主治医生；适用于医院等医疗场景，语法上直接使用；例句： The attending physician made the treatment plan.（来源：柯林斯词典) ·短语3：physician-patient relationship:医患关系；适用于医疗伦理和社会场景，语法上直 接使用；例句：A good physician-patient relationship is very important.（来源：牛津高阶 词典) 典型考法 。考法1：考察名词单复数形式 。原题：Many (physician)are working hard to save lives.(答案：physicians) 选修2一unit3词汇精讲 chemist 词义与词性 ·词义1（(n.):药剂师药商：药房例句：You can buy it at the chemist's.（来源：牛津高阶 词典) 。词义2(n.)::化学家例句：The chemist is researching new materials.(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 。形容词：chemical;化学的例句：Ve need to do some chemical experiments.（来源：牛津高 阶词典) ·名词：chemistry;化学例句：I'm very interested in chemistry.（来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ·近义词：pharmacist:名词，药剂师例句：The pharmacist gave me the right medicine..（来 源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 。短语1：go to the chemist's:去药店；适用于描述去购买药品等场景，语法上是固定表达； 例句：I have to go to the chemist's to buy some medicine.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。 短语2：a qualified chemist:一名合格的药剂师/化学家；适用于描述人物身份的场景，语法 上qualified作定语修饰chemist;例句：He is a qualified chemist..（来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 ·考法1：考察名词的含义 。原题：The (chemist)prepared the medicine for me.(答案：chemist) 3 选修2一unit3词汇精讲 dentist 词义与词性 。词义1(n.):牙医；牙科医生；例句：I have an appointment with my dentist this afternoon. (来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 。形容词：dental:牙科的；牙齿的；例句：Dental care is very important for our health.（来 源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 。同义词：odontologist:名词，牙科医生；例句：The odontologist examined my teeth carefully. (来源：韦氏大词典) 固定搭配 ·短语1：go to the dentist:去看牙医；适用于描述去牙科诊所就诊的场景，语法上to后接牙 科医生；例句：I have to go to the dentist because I have a toothache..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 。短语2：dentist'sof伍ce:牙医诊所；适用于表达牙科医生工作的场所，语法上是所属格形式： 例句：The dentist's office is near my home.（来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 。考法1：考察名词的单复数形式 。原题：Many (dentist)are working hard to help patients.(答案：dentists) 选修2一unit3词汇精讲 specialize 词义与词性 。词义1(v.):专门从事；专攻；专门研究；例句：The shop specializes in mountain-climbing gear.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。词义2(v.):专门经营：专门提供；例句：This travel agency specializes in charter flights. (来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ·名词：specialization;例句：His specialization is in computer science.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。形容词：specialized;例句：These tools are very specialized..（来源：柯林斯词典) ·形容词：special;;例句：This is a special occasion.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ·近义词：concentrate:动词，专注于；例句：You should concentrate on your studies.（来源： 牛津高阶词典) ·近义词：major::动词，主修；例句：She majors in English.（来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 。短语1：specialize in:专门从事：专门研究；适用于描述某人或某机构专注于某一领域的场 景，语法上in后接专业领域；例句：She specializes in ancient history.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。短语2：be specialized in:在…方面专业；适用于描述人或事物具备专业能力的场景，语 法上in后接专业方面；例句：This hospital is specialized in treating heart diseases.(来源： 柯林斯词典) 典型考法 。考法1：作动词，考察其现在分词形式 。原题：Heis (specialize)in environmental protection.（答案：specializing) 考法2：考察固定搭配specialize in 原题：This company (specialize)in making high-end furniture.(答案：specializes) 选修2一unit3词汇精讲 gene 词义与词性 。词义1（n.):基因；遗传因子；例句：Scientists are trying to identify the genes that cause this disease.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 。形容词：genetic:基因的，遗传的；例句：Genetic research has made great progress in recent years..（来源：柯林斯词典) 。名词：genetics:遗传学；例句：She is studying genetics at university..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 。同义词：hereditary factor:名词，遗传因子；例句：The hereditary factor plays an important role in the development of the disease.（来源：专业医学文献) ·近义词：cistron:名词，顺反子；例句：The cistron is a unit of genetic function.（来源：专 业生物学文献) 固定搭配 ·短语1：gene pool:基因库；适用于描述一个群体中所有基因的集合的场景，语法上pool为 名词；例句：The gene pool of this species is very diverse.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。短语2：gene mutation:基因突变：适用于描述基因发生变化的场景，语法上mutation为名 词；例句：Gene mutation can lead to various diseases.（来源：柯林斯词典) ·短语3：gene therapy:基因疗法；适用于医疗领域描述治疗方法的场景，语法上therapy为 名词；例句：Gene therapy is a promising treatment for some genetic diseases..（来源：牛津 高阶词典) 典型考法 ·考法1：考察名词的单复数形式 。原题：These (gene)determine the characteristics of the organism.(答案：genes) 6 选修2一unit3词汇精讲 genome 词义与词性 。词义1(n.)::基因组；染色体组；例句：The Human Genome Project has revolutionized the study of genetics.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 。形容词：genomica;例句：Genomic research has made great progress in recent years.（来源： 柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ·同义词：gene set:名词，基因组；例句：Scientists are studying the gene set of this species,. (来源：韦氏大词典) 固定搭配 。短语I:genome sequencing:基因组测序；适用于生物科学研究场景，语法上为名词短语；例 句：Genome sequencing helps us understand the genetic information..（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。 短语2：human genome project:人类基因组计划；适用于科学研究领域场景，语法上为名 词短语；例句：The human genome project is a significant scientific endeavor..（来源：柯林 斯词典) 典型考法 。考法1：考察名词形式 。原题：The (genome)of this organism is being sequenced.（答案：genome) 7 选修2一unit3词汇精讲 cell 词义与词性 。词义1（n.):细胞；例句：Most plant and animal cells contain a nucleus.（来源：牛津高 阶词典) 。词义2(n.):单人牢房；小房间：例句：The prisoner was locked in a cel.（来源：柯林斯 词典) 。词义3(n.)::电池；例句：You should change the cells in your flashlight.（来源：牛津高 阶词典) ·词义4（n.):(政党、恐怖组织等的)小组，基层组织；例句：A terrorist cell was uncovered by the police..（来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 。形容词：cellular(细胞的；由细胞组成的)；例句：Cellular phones have become very popular.. (来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 。近义词：room:名词，房间；例句：I booked a room in the hotel..（来源：牛津高阶词典) ·近义词：battery:名词，电池；例句：The battery needs to be recharged.（来源：柯林斯词典) ·近义词：unit:名词，单元；例句：Each unit in the building has its own balcon4.（来源：牛 津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ·短语1：cell phone::移动电话，手机；适用于日常通讯场景，语法上常作主语、宾语：例句： I use my cell phone to call my friends.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 短语2：prison cell:牢房；适用于描述监狱场景，语法上常作宾语：例句：The prisoner was put into a prison cell.（来源：柯林斯词典) 短语3：blood cell:血细胞；适用于生物学科场景，语法上常作主语、宾语；例句：Blood cells carry oxygen around the body.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 短语4：solar cell:太阳能电池；适用于能源领域场景，语法上常作主语、宾语：例句：Solar cells can convert sunlight into electricity.（来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 ·考法1：考察名词单复数变化 。原题：All living things are made up of (cell).(答案：cells) 考法2：考察固定搭配cell phone 原题：I left my at home..(答案：cell phone) 8 选修2一unit3词汇精讲 being 词义与词性 。词义1（n.):生物；人；例句：Is there intelligent life elsewhere in the universe?Are we alone as thinking beings??（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。词义2(n.):存在；生存；例句：The house has been in eristence for over a hundred years.. (来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ·动词：be;过去式：was/were;过去分词：been;现在分词：being:例句：I am being careful. (来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ·同义词：creature::名词，生物；例句：The forest is full of strange creatures.（来源：牛津 高阶词典) ·近义词：existence:名词，存在；例句：We lead such a quiet life in the country.（来源：柯 林斯词典) 固定搭配 ·短语1：human being:人类；适用于描述人类这一群体的场景，语法上通常用复数形式；例 句：Human beings have the ability to think and reason.（来源：牛津高阶词典） ·短语2：come into being:产生；形成：适用于描述事物出现、形成的场景，语法上无特殊 要求；例句：How did the universe come into being?（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。 短语3：bring into being:使产生；使形成；适用于描述创造、促成事物产生的场景，语法上后 接被创造的事物；例句：The government hopes to bring into being a new system of education. (来源：牛津高阶词典) 短语4：in being:现存的；现有的；适用于描述已经存在的事物的场景，语法上通常作后置 定语；例句：The solutions already in being are not sufficient..（来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 。考法1：考察动名词形式作宾语 。原题：（某地模拟题）Ican't stand (be)kept waiting so long.(答案：being) 。考法2：考察固定搭配bring into being 。原题：（某地高考真题）The new law was (bring)into being last year.(答案： brought) 9 选修2一unit3词汇精讲 lifespan 词义与词性 。词义1(n.):寿命：使用期限；存在时间例句：The average lifespan of a turtle is very long. (来源：朗文当代高级英语词典) 词性转换 ·名词：lifespan;无其他常见词性转换 同近义词 ·近义词：life expectancy:名词，预期寿命例句：Life expectancy has increased in recent decades. (来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ·短语l:average lifespan:平均寿命；适用于描述生物或事物平均存在的时间，语法上直接 使用；例句：The average lifespan of a house cat is about15 years..（来源：剑桥词典) ·短语2：long lifespan:长寿命：适用于强调生物或事物存在时间长的场景，语法上直接使用： 例句：Some trees have a long lifespan.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 。考法1：考察名词形式 。原题：The (lifespan)of different animals vary greatly..(答案：lifespans) 10