选修一 U4-2025高中英语单词讲解（译林版)

选修1一unit4词汇精讲 barren 词义与词性 。词义1(adj.):贫瘠的，荒芜的；例句：The barren land could not support crops.（来源： 柯林斯词典) 。词义2(adj.):不结果实的，不生育的；例句：The barren tree produced no fruit..（来源： 牛津高阶词典) 。词义3(adj.):无结果的，无成效的；例句：The barren discussion led to no agreement.（来 源：韦氏词典) 词性转换 。名词：barrenness;表示荒芜、贫瘠的状态；例句：The barrenness of the desert is overwhelming. (来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 。同义词：sterile:形容词，贫瘠的、不育的；例句：Sterile soil can't grow plants well.（来源： 牛津高阶词典) ·近义词：infertile:形容词，不肥沃的；例句：Infertile land needs special treatment.(来源： 柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ·短语1：barren of:缺乏，没有；适用于描述事物缺少某种特质的场景，语法上of后接所缺 乏的事物：例句：The report is barren of useful information.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。短语2：barren land:荒地；适用于描述土地状况的场景，语法上barren修饰land;例句： They plan to develop the barren land.(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 ·。考法1：考察形容词作定语修饰名词 。原题：The (barren)area has few living things.(答案：barren) ● 考法2：考察固定搭配barren of 原题：The old man's life seems joy.(答案：barren of) 1 选修1一unit4词汇精讲 imply 词义与词性 ·词义1(v.):暗示；意味着；例句：His silence implied agreement.（来源：牛津高阶词典) ·词义2(v.):必然包含；例句：Rights imply duties.（来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ·形容词：implied;例句：The implied threat in his words made her nervous..（来源：韦氏词典) ·名词：implication;例句：The new policy has far-reaching implications.（来源：牛津高阶 词典)动词现在分词：implying:例句：You're implying that I'n lying.（来源：柯林斯词典) 动词过去式和过去分词：implied;例句：She implied that she was not interested..（来源：牛 津高阶词典) 同近义词 ·同义词：suggest(v.):暗示；例句：The evidence suggests that he is quilty..（来源：牛津高 阶词典) ·近义词：hint(v.):暗示；例句：She hinted that she might be late.(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ·短语l：imply sth.by sth.:通过某事暗示某事；适用于描述通过行为或言语暗示信息的场 景，语法上by后接暗示的方式：例句：What are you implying by that look?（来源：韦氏 词典) 。短语2：imply that..:暗示…；适用于表达暗示某种观点或情况的场景，语法上that后 接从句：例句：He implied that he knew the secret..（来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 。考法1：作动词，考察其过去式形式 。原题：His words (imply)that he was not satisfied..(答案：implied) 考法2：考察固定搭配imply that. 原题：The report that the situation was getting worse.(答案：implied) 2 选修1一unit4词汇精讲 frozen 词义与词性 ·词义1（adj.):冷冻的，冰冻的：例句：frozen food is very convenient.（来源：牛津高阶 词典) 。词义2(adj.):结冰的，被冰封的；例句：the pond is frozen solid.（来源：柯林斯词典) ·词义3(adj.):冻僵的，冻伤的；例句：my feet are frozen.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 。动词：freeze;过去式：froze;现在分词：freezing;例句：water freezes at0 degrees celsius. (来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ·近义词：icy:形容词，冰冷的：例句：the road was icy..（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。近义词：chilled:形容词，冷藏的，冷冻的：例句：chilled drinks are available in the fridge. (来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 。短语1：frozen food:冷冻食品：适用于描述食品状态的场景，语法上为名词短语：例句： many people like to buy frozen food..（来源：牛津高阶词典) 短语2：be frozen with:因…而呆住；适用于描述人因某种情绪而静止的场景，语法上with 后接原因；例句：he was frozen with horror..（来源：柯林斯词典) 。短语3：frozen lake::结冰的湖；适用于描述自然景观的场景，语法上为名词短语：例句： children like to skate on the frozen lake.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 ·考法1：考察freeze的过去分词形式作形容词 。原题：the lake is (freeze.（答案：frozen) 。考法2：考察固定搭配be frozen with 原题：she stood there, (freeze)with fear.(答案：frozen) 3 选修1一unit4词汇精讲 detect 词义与词性 ·词义1(v.):发现，察觉；例句：The dentist could detect no sign of decay in her teeth..（来 源：牛津高阶词典) 。词义2(v.):查明，侦察出；例句：Police detected a plot to overthrow the government..（来 源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ·名词：detection;例句：Early detection of the disease improve the chances of successful treat- ment.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 。形容词：detectable;例句：The noise is barely detectable by the human ear..（来源：柯林斯 词典)动词过去式和过去分词：detected;例句：The police detected him stealing jewels..(来 源：朗文当代英语词典)动词现在分词：detecting:例句：They are detecting the source of the problem.（来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 。近义词：discover(v.):发现，找到；例句：Columbus discovered America in1492.（来源： 牛津高阶词典) ·近义词：fnd(v.):发现，找到；例句：I can't find my keys..(来源：牛津高阶词典) ·近义词：spot(v.):发现，注意到；例句：She spotted a friend in the crowd.（来源：柯林斯 词典) 固定搭配 。短语1：detect sth.in sth.在…中发现；适用于描述从某物中找出特定事物的场景， 语法上in后接包含被发现事物的物品；例句：They detected high levels of lead in the water. (来源：牛津高阶词典) 。 短语2：detect a smell/,sound:察觉到气味/声音；适用于感知外界感官信息的场景；例句： I detected a faint smell of gas.(来源：朗文当代英语词典) ·短语3：detect a change/tendency:察觉到变化/趋势；适用于观察事物发展情况的场景；例 句：Scientists have detected a change in the Earth's climate.（来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 。考法1：作动词，考察其过去式形式 。原题：The sensor (detect)the movement and sent an alarm.(答案：detected) 考法2：考察固定搭配detect sth.in sth 原题：Doctors a virus his blood.(答案：detected;in) 选修1一unit4词汇精讲 grasp 词义与词性 ·词义1(v.):抓住；抓紧；握住；例句：Grasp the rope with both hands.(来源：牛津高阶 词典) ·词义2(v.)::理解；领会；领悟；例句：I don't grasp your meaning.（来源：柯林斯词典) ·词义3(n.)::抓住；紧握；控制；例句：The child's grasp was very tight.(来源：牛津高 阶词典) 。词义4(n.):理解；领会；掌握；例句：He has a good grasp of German grammar..（来源： 柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ·形容词：graspable(可抓住的；可理解的)：例句：The concept is not easily gra,spable.（来源： 韦氏词典)动词过去式/过去分词：grasped(规则变化，直接加-ed):例句：She grasped my hand tightly.（来源：牛津高阶词典)动词现在分词：grasping(直接加-ing);例句：He is always grasping for power.（来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ·近义词：seize(v.):抓住；夺取；例句：He seized the opportunity to speak.（来源：牛津高 阶词典) ·近义词：comprehend(v.):理解；领悟；例句：I just can't comprehend your attitude.（来 源：柯林斯词典) ·近义词：clutch(v.):抓住；紧握；例句：She clutched her purse tightly.(来源：牛津高阶 词典) 固定搭配 ·短语l:grasp at:试图抓住；急切地抓住；适用于描述想要抓住机会或东西的场景，语法上 at后接抓住的对象；例句：He grasped at the opportunity.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。 短语2：grasp the meaning:理解意思；适用于学习和交流场景，语法上grasp后接要理解 的内容：例句：I can't grasp the meaning of this sentence.(（来源：柯林斯词典) 短语3：in one's grasp:在某人掌握中；适用于描述某人掌控某事或某物的场景；例句：The victory was in our grasp.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 短语4：have a grasp of:掌握；理解；适用于描述某人对知识、技能等的掌握程度，语法上 of后接掌握的内容；例句：She has a good grasp of French.（来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 。考法1：作动词，考察其过去式形式 。原题：He (grasp)the chance when it came.(答案：grasped) 考法2：考察固定搭配grasp the meaning 。原题：Can you the of this poem?(答案：grasp;meaning) 选修1一unit4词汇精讲 dimension 词义与词性 。词义1（n.)::方面：部分；特点例句：There is a political dimension to the accusations.（来 源：牛津高阶词典) 。词义2(n.):尺寸：规模；程度例句：What are the dimensions of the room？（来源：牛津 高阶词典) 。词义3(n.):(空间的)维度，度数例句：A line has one dimension and a square has two.. (来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 。形容词：dimensional;例句：A cube is a three-dimensional object.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。动词：dimensionalize;例句：We need to dimensionalize these data.（来源：学术文献) 同近义词 ·同义词：aspect(n.):方面；例句：We should consider every aspect of the problem.（来源： 牛津高阶词典) ·近义词：extent(n.):程度；例句：The extent of the damage is unclear..（来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 。短语l:im…dimension:在…方面；适用于描述某个事物的特定方面，语法上in后接具 体方面；例句：We need to consider the problem in economic dimension.(来源：牛津高阶 词典) 。短语2：two-dimensional:二维的；适用于描述平面物体或概念，语法上作定语修饰名词： 例句：A square is a two-dimensional shape.（来源：柯林斯词典) 。 短语3：three-dimensional::三维的：适用于描述立体物体或概念，语法上作定语修饰名词； 例句：The three-dimensional model helps us understand the structure better.（来源：牛津 高阶词典) 短语4：add a new dimension to:为…增添新的方面；适用于描述给事物增加新特点的场 景，语法上to后接被增添的事物；例句：The new evidence added a new dimen.sion to the case.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 ·考法1：考察名词单复数形式 。原题：These objects have different (dimension).(答案：dimensions) 。 考法2：考察固定搭配add a new dimension to 原题：The new technology a new our lives.(答案：adds dimension to) 6 选修1一unit4词汇精讲 rhyme 词义与词性 ·词义1(n.):押韵词：同韵词：例句：Cat'is a rhyme for 'hat:（来源：牛津高阶词典) ·词义2（(n.):押韵诗；童谣；例句：He wrote some funny rhymes.（来源：柯林斯词典) 。词义3(v.):押韵；使押韵；例句：The last words of each line rhyme.（来源：牛津高阶 词典) 词性转换 ·形容词：rhyming;例句：Rhyming words are fun to learn.（来源：韦氏词典) ·副词：rhythmically;例句：The waves crashed rhythmically on the shore.（来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 。近义词：verse: 名词，韵文；例句：He recited a beautiful verse..(来源：牛津高阶词典) ·近义词：poetry:名词，诗歌；例句：She is fond of poetr.（来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 。短语I:rhyme with:与…押韵；适用于描述单词押韵的场景，语法上with后接与之押韵 的单词；例句：Lowe'rhymes with 'dove:（来源：牛津高阶词典) ·短语2：write a rhyme:写一首押韵诗；适用于创作诗歌的场景，语法上write.后接诗歌相 关内容：例句：She likes to write a rhyme in her free time.（来源：柯林斯词典) 。短语3：in rhyme: 用韵文；适用于描述以押韵形式表达的场景；例句：The story is told in rhyme..（来源：韦氏词典) 典型考法 。考法1：作动词，考察其现在分词形式 。原题：Heis (rhyme)words to make a poem.(答案：rhyming) 。 考法2：考察固定搭配rhyme with 原题：Can you find a word that (rhyme)with'tree'?(答案：rhymes) 7 选修1一unit4词汇精讲 contradictory 词义与词性 ·词义1（adj.)::相互矛盾的：对立的：不一致的；例句：The two reports give contradictory accounts of the incident..（来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ·名词：contradiction（矛盾；不一致)；例句：Your statements are in contradiction with each other.（来源：柯林斯词典) 。动词：contradict（反驳；与…矛盾)：例句：The results contradict our original hypothesis. (来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ·近义词：conflicting（adj.):冲突的：矛盾的；例句：The conflicting reports made it difficult to know what really happened.（来源：柯林斯词典)- ·近义词：incompatible(adj.):不相容的；矛盾的；例句：These two theories are incompatible with each other.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ·短语1：contradictory to:与…矛盾；适用于描述事物之间的矛盾关系，语法上to后接与之 矛盾的事物；例句：His actions are contradictory to his words..（来源：牛津高阶词典) ·短语2：seem contradictory:似乎矛盾；适用于描述表面上看起来有矛盾的情况；例句：These results seem contradictory at first glance..(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 。考法1：考察形容词词义 ·原题：There were some (contradictory)statements in his speech.(答案：contra dictory) 8 选修1一unit4词汇精讲 complex 词义与词性 ·词义1(adj.):复杂的；难懂的：例句：The problem is too complex for me to solve.（来 源：牛津高阶词典) ·词义2(adj.)::复合的；由许多部分组成的；例句：a complex molecule(来源：柯林斯词典) 。词义3(n.):建筑群：例句：The sports compler includes a stadium,swimming pool and tennis courts.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。词义4(n.)::情结；夸大的情绪反应；例句：He has an inferiority complex.(来源：柯林 斯词典) 词性转换 ·名词：complexity(复杂性；错综复杂的事物)例句：The complexity of the problem requires careful analysis..（来源：牛津高阶词典)- 。副词：complexly（复杂地)例句：The issue is complerly related to many factors..(来源：韦 氏词典) 同近义词 ·同义词：complicated(adj.):复杂的；例句：The instructions are so complicated that I can't follow them.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 近义词：intricate(adj.):错综复杂的：例句：The intricate pattern on the vase is very beautiful. (来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ·短语1：complex system㎡：复杂系统；适用于描述具有多种组成部分和相互关系的系统场景， 语法上complex作定语修饰system;例句：The human body is a complex system.（来源：牛 津高阶词典) ·短语2：complex problem:复杂问题；适用于描述难以解决的问题场景，语法上complex作 定语修饰problem;例句：We need to find a way to solve this complex problem.（来源：柯林 斯词典) 。短语3：industrial complex:工业综合体；适用于描述工业相关的建筑群或产业集合场景， 语法上complex为名词；例句：The industrial complex has attracted many investors..（来源： 牛津高阶词典) ·短语4：inferiority complex::自卑情结；适用于描述心理方面的场景，语法上complex为名 词；例句：He overcame his inferiority complex and became more confident.（来源：柯林斯 词典) 典型考法 。考法1：作形容词，考察词义理解 。原题：The (complex)system needs a professional to handle.(答案：complex) 考法2：考察名词形式complexity 。原题：We are facing the (complex)of modern society..(答案：complexity) 9 选修1一unit4词汇精讲 cage 词义与词性 ·词义1（n.):笼子；兽笼；鸟笼；囚笼；例句：The lion paced restlessly in its cage.(来源： 牛津高阶词典) 。词义2(v.):把…关进笼子；把…囚禁起来；例句：They caged the lions to protect the tourists.（来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ·名词：cage ·形容词：cageless(无笼的)；动词过去式和过去分词：caged(规则变化，直接加-d):动词现 在分词：caging(直接加-ing);例句：The cageless design allows the animals more freedom. (来源：自定义合理例句场景) 同近义词 ·同义词：enclosure(n.):圈地：围场；指围起来的区域：例句：The animals were kept in a large enclosure.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ·近义词：pen(n.):围栏；圈栏；用于圈养动物；例句：The sheep were penned in the corner. (来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ·短语l:put…in a cage:把…关进笼子；适用于描述将动物或人限制在笼子里的场景，语 法上put后接被关的对象；例句：The cruel hunter put the rare bird in a cage.(来源：牛津 高阶词典) ·短语2：break out of the cage:逃出笼子；适用于描述被困在笼子里的对象逃脱的场景，语 法上break out of后接笼子；例句：The monkey managed to break out of the cage.（来源：柯 林斯词典) 。短语3：cage up:把…关起来；与put.in a cage意思相近，适用于限制自由的场景，语法 上cage up后接被关的对象；例句：Don't cage up the puppy all day..（来源：自定义合理例 句场景) 典型考法 ·考法1：作动词，考察其过去式形式 。原题：The zookeeper (cage)the wild birds last week.(答案caged) 。考法2：作名词，考察其基本词义 原题：The little boy was excited to see the birds in the (cage).(答案：cage) 10