选修一 U3-2025高中英语单词讲解（译林版)

选修1一unit3词汇精讲 mostly 词义与词性 。词义1(adv.):主要地：通常；大部分地；例句：We mostly go to the parks at weekends,. (来源：朗文当代高级英语词典) 词性转换 ·形容词：most;例句：Most people like music..（来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ·近义词：mainly:副词，主要地；例句：The audience consisted mainly of women.（来源：牛 津高阶词典) ·近义词：chiefly:副词，主要地；例句：This book is chiefly for children..（来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ·短语1：mostly because::主要是因为：适用于解释原因的场景，语法上后接原因从句；例 句：He was late mostly because of the traffic jam.（来源：朗文当代高级英语词典) ·短语2：mostly likely:很可能；适用于推测的场景，语法上可用于句首或句中；例句：He will mostly likely come tomorrow.（来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 。考法1：考察其在句中表达“主要地”的用法 。原题：The students in this class are from the countryside.(答案：mostly) 1 选修1一unit3词汇精讲 pond 词义与词性 ·词义1（n.)::池塘；小水坑；例句：The ducks spent the day paddling around the pond.（来 源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 。形容词：pondy（多池塘的；似池塘的)：例句：The pondy area is a good habitat for water- bids.（来源：韦氏词典) 同近义词 ·近义词：pool:名词，水塘；小水坑：例句：Children were playing in the pool..（来源：牛津 高阶词典) ·近义词：lagoon:名词，泻湖；环礁湖：例句：The lagoon was surrounded by beautiful palm tees.（来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 。短语1：fish pond:鱼塘：适用于描述养殖鱼类的池塘场景，语法上直接使用；例句：The farmer has a big fish pond.（来源：剑桥词典) 。 短语2：garden pond:花园池塘：适用于描述花园中的池塘场景，语法上直接使用：例句： They built a garden pond last year.（来源：牛津高阶词典) ·短语3：stagnant pond:死水池塘；适用于描述不流动、水质差的池塘场景，语法上直接使 用；例句：Mosquitoes breed in stagnant ponds.（来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 。考法1：考察名词单复数形式 。原题：There are several (pond)in the park.(答案：ponds) 2 选修1一unit3词汇精讲 wander 词义与词性 ·词义1(v.):漫游；闲逛；漫步；游荡；徘徊；流浪；漂泊：例句：She wandered around the town for a while.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。词义2(v.):(思想、话题等)离题，走神，开小差；例句：His mind began to wander during the lecture..（来源：柯林斯词典) 。词义3(v.):(河流、道路等)蜿蜒曲折；例句：The river wanders through the valley.（来 源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 。名词：wanderer(流浪者；漫游者；漂泊者)；例句：The wanderer found a place to rest..（来 源：柯林斯词典)-现在分词：wandering(漫游的；闲逛的：流浪的)；例句：The wandering minstrel sang songs from town to town.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 。近义词：roam:动词，漫游；闲逛；例句：They roamed the countryside looking for a place to sta以.（来源：牛津高阶词典） 。近义词：ramble:动词，漫步：闲逛；例句：We rambled through the woods.（来源：柯林斯 词典) ·近义词：stroll:动词，散步：溜达；例句：They strolled along the beach..（来源：牛津高阶 词典) 固定搭配 ·短语1：wander about/around:四处游荡：漫步；适用于描述人在某地随意走动的场景，语 法上about/around后接地点；例句：He likes to wander around the park on weekends..（来 源：牛津高阶词典) 短语2：wander off:走开：走失：离群：适用于描述人离开原来的位置或群体的场景，语法 上of后可接地点；例句：The child wandered off and got lost..（来源：柯林斯词典) 短语3：wander from the point:离题；适用于描述说话或写作时偏离主题的场景；例句： Don't wander from the point when you're making a speech.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 短语4：wander in/,out:溜达着进来/出去：适用于描述人随意进出某个地方的场景；例句： He wandered in without knocking..（来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 。考法1：作动词，考察其现在分词形式 ·原题：The boy (wander)in the street when it began to rain.(答案：was wandering) 。考法2：考察固定搭配wander off 原题：The little girl (wander)off and her parents were very worried..(答案：wan dered) 选修1一unit3词汇精讲 opposed 词义与词性 ·词义1(adj.):反对的，对立的：例句：I'm opposed to the plan.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 。动词：oppose 。形容词：opposing ·名词：opposition;例句：The opposition to the new law is growing.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ·近义词：against:介词，反对；例句：Many people are against the war..(（来源：牛津高阶词典) ·近义词：resistant:形容词，抵制的；例句：Some bacteria are resistant to antibiotics..（来 源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ·短语1：be opposed to:反对，不赞成；适用于表达个人态度的场景，语法上to后接反对的 对象；例句：She is opposed to smoking in public places..（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。短语2：as opposed to:与…相对；适用于对比两个事物的场景：例句：We are doing this for the community as opposed to ourselves.（来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 。考法1：考察固定搭配be opposed to 。原题：Most of the students are (oppose)to the new rule.(答案：opposed) 选修1一unit3词汇精讲 strike 词义与词性 ·词义1(v.):打：击：敲：例句：He struck the ball with great force.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。词义2(v.):罢工；罢课；例句：The workers decided to strike for better pay.（来源：柯 林斯词典) ·词义3(v.):突然想到；突然想起；例句：An idea struck me.（来源：牛津高阶词典) ·词义4(n.):罢工；罢课；例句：The strike lasted for two weeks..（来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 。名词：strike;动词过去式：struck;动词过去分词：struck(美式英语中也可用stricken作过 去分词)；动词现在分词：striking 。形容词：striking（显著的，引人注目的)：例句：There is a striking difference between the two paintings..（来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 。近义词：hit:动词，打，击；例句：He hit the ball out of the field..（来源：牛津高阶词典) ·近义词：beat:动词，击打；例句：The waves beat against the shore.（来源：柯林斯词典) ·近义词：attack:动词，攻击；例句：The enemy attacked our city last night.（来源：牛津高 阶词典) 固定搭配 。短语1：strike sb.as sth.:给某人以…的印象；适用于描述对某人或某物的主观感受，语 法上as后接描述印象的内容：例句：He strikes me as a very honest man.（来源：牛津高阶 词典) 短语2：strike up:开始（交谈、友谊等）；适用于开始某种关系或活动的场景，语法上后接 名词；例句：He struck up a conversation with the girl sitting next to him.（来源：柯林斯 词典) ·短语3：go on strike:举行罢工；适用于工人、学生等进行罢工或罢课的场景，语法上用go on表示开始该行动；例句：The workers went on strike to demand higher wages.（来源：牛 津高阶词典) 短语4：be struck by:被…所打动；适用于表达某人被某事或某物触动的场景，语法上by 后接触动的事物；例句：I was struck by the bea2 utiful scenery.（来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 。考法1：作动词，考察其过去式struck 。原题：He (strike)the snake with a stick yesterday.struck) 考法2：考察固定搭配be struck by 原题：Iwas (strike)by her beauty when I first saw her.(答案：struck) 选修1一unit3词汇精讲 setting 词义与词性 。词义1(n.):环境；背景；（小说、戏剧等的）故事发生的背景；例句：The film is set in a futuristic urban setting.（来源：牛津高阶词典) ·词义2(n.)::(机器、电器等的)调节位置：设定状态；例句：Set the thermostat to the des2 red setting.(来源：柯林斯词典) ·词义3（n.):(宝石的)镶嵌底座；例句：The diamond has a beautiful gold setting..（来源： 韦氏大词典) 词性转换 。动词：set;过去式和过去分词：set;现在分词：setting;名词复数：settings;例句：She set the table for dinner.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ·近义词：background:名词，背景；例句：The mountains provided a magnificent background for the picture.（来源：牛津高阶词典) ·近义词：environment:名词，环境；例句：We should protect the natural environment.（来 源：柯林斯词典) ·近义词：surroundings:名词，周围的事物；例句：The house is in beautiful surroundings..（来 源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 。短语l:na.setting:在…的环境中；适用于描述某个场景或背景，语法上in后接表示 环境特点的形容词；例句：The play takes place in a rural setting..（来源：牛津高阶词典) ·短语2：set the setting:设定参数；适用于操作机器、电器等设定状态的场景，语法上set 为动词；例句：You need to set the setting of the oven before baking.（来源：韦氏大词典) 。短语3：change the setting:改变设定；适用于需要调整机器、电器等状态的场景，语法上 change为动词；例句：You can change the setting of the camera to get better photos.(来源： 柯林斯词典) 典型考法 。考法1：作名词， 考察其复数形式 。原题：There are different (setting)on this machine.(答案：settings) ● 考法2：考察与动词st的关联，根据语境正确使用 ● 原题：He (set)the mood for the party with some soft music.(答案：set) 6 选修1一unit3词汇精讲 realistic 词义与词性 ·词义1(adj.):现实的；实际可行的：例句：You should set some realistic goals.（来源：牛 津高阶词典) 。词义2(adj.):逼真的：栩栩如生的；例句：The painting is so realistic that it looks like a photograph..（来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 。名词：reality;例句：We should face reality bravely.（来源：牛津高阶词典)- 。副词：realistically;例句：You have to look at the situation realistically.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ·近义词：practical:形容词，实际的：例句：We need some practical solutions to the problem. (来源：牛津高阶词典) ·近义词：feasible:形容词，可行的；例句：Is this plan feasible?（来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 。短语I:be realistic about sth.:对某事持现实的态度：适用于表达对事物有客观认识的场景， 语法上about后接相关事物；例句：You need to be realistic about your chances of winning (来源：牛津高阶词典) 。短语2：realistic goal:现实的目标；适用于设定目标的场景，语法上是名词短语；例句：We should set some realistic goals for ourselves.(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 ·考法1：考察形容词词义及用法 。原题：It's important to have a (realistic)view of your abilities.(答案：realistic) 考法2：考察固定搭配be realistic about 。原题：You should be (realistic)about your future.(答案：realistic) 7 选修1一unit3词汇精讲 dominate 词义与词性 ·词义1(v.):支配；控制；统治；主宰：例句：A great man can dominate others by force of character.（来源：《新英汉大锌典》) 。词义2(v.):在…中占首要地位；例句：Sports,.and not learning,seem to dom2 nate in the school.（来源：《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》) 。词义3(v.)::俯视；高耸于；例句：The church dominated the whole town.（来源：《牛津 高阶英汉双解词典》) 词性转换 。名词：domination;例句：The company has achieved total domination of the market..(来源： 《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》) 。形容词：dominant;:例句：The dominant feature of the landscape is the broad river.（来源： 《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》) 。 形容词：domineering;例句：He is a very domineering personality.(来源：《柯林斯词典》) 同近义词 ·近义词：control:动词，控制；例句：The police controlled the crowd..(来源：《牛津高阶英 汉双解词典》) ·近义词：govern:动词，统治；管理；例句：A king governs in that country..（来源：《新英 汉大辞典》) ·近义词：rule:动词，统治；控制；例句：The queen ruled her country for many years.（来 源：《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》) 固定搭配 ·短语I:dominate over:支配；控制；适用于描述一方对另一方的掌控场景，语法上over后 接被支配的对象：例句：He tried to dominate over everyone..（来源：《新英汉大辞典》) 。短语2：dominate the market:占据市场主导地位；适用于商业场景，描述企业或产品在市 场中的地位；例句：This company dominates the market with its innovative products..（来源： 《柯林斯词典》) 短语3：dominate the conversation:主导谈话；适用于社交场景，描述某人在谈话中占据主 要地位；例句：He always dominates the conversation..（来源：《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》) 典型考法 。考法1：作动词，考察其现在分词形式 。原题：The mountain range (dominate)the landscape here.（答案：dominating) 考法2：考察固定搭配dominate the market 原题：The company aims to the market with its new product.(答案：dominate) 8 选修1一unit3词汇精讲 employ 词义与词性 ·词义1(v.)::雇用；聘用：例句：The company employs over500 people.（来源：牛津高阶 词典) ·词义2(v.):使用：应用；例句：We should employ effective methods to solve this problem. (来源：柯林斯词典) ·词义3(v.)::使从事；使忙于；例句：He is employed in writing a novel..（来源：朗文当代 高级英语词典) 词性转换 。名词：employment;例句：The government is trying to reduce unemployment and increase employment..（来源：牛津高阶词典) 名词：employer;例句：The employer is responsible for providing a safe working environment. (来源：柯林斯词典) 。名词：employee;例句：The employees are demanding higher wages.（来源：牛津高阶词典) ·形容词：employed;例句：Most of the people here are gainfully employed.（来源：朗文当代 高级英语词典) 同近义词 ·近义词：hire:动词，雇用；例句：They hired a new secretary last week.（来源：牛津高阶 词典) ·近义词：engage:动词，聘用；例句：The firm engaged a famous lawyer to defend their case. (来源：柯林斯词典) ·近义词：utilize:动词，使用；例句：We should utilize every opportunity to learn.（来源：朗 文当代高级英语词典) 固定搭配 ·短语1：employ sb.as..:雇用某人担任；适用于描述雇佣职位的场景，语法上as后接 职位名称；例句：They employed him as a manager.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。短语2：employ oneself in..:使自己忙于…：适用于描述某人从事某项活动的场景，语法 上in后接活动内容；例句：She employed herself in gardening..（来源：朗文当代高级英语 词典) 。短语3：be employed in..: 受雇于…；适用于描述某人工作的场所或领域，语法上后 接工作场所或领域；例句：He is employed in a factory..（来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 。考法1：作动词，考察其过去式和过去分词形式 。原题：The company (employ)a lot of workers last year.employed) 。考法2：考察固定搭配employ sb..as. 。原题：Our school (employ)Mr.Wang a math teacher..(答案：employs as) 9 选修1一unit3词汇精讲 vivid 词义与词性 ·词义1（adj.):生动的：逼真的；清晰的；例句：He gave a vivid description of the battle.. (来源：牛津高阶词典) ·词义2(adj.):鲜艳的：鲜明的；例句：The room was painted in vivid colors..（来源：柯 林斯词典) 词性转换 ·副词：vividly;例句：The scene was vividly engraved in my memory.（来源：牛津高阶词典) ·名词：vividness;例句：The vividness of her imagination impressed everyone.（来源：柯林 斯词典) 同近义词 ·近义词：lively:形容词，生动的；例句：She has a lively personality.（来源：牛津高阶词典) ·近义词：graphics:形容词，形象的；例句：The report gave a graphic account of the accident.. (来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 。短语l:vivid memory:清晰的记忆；适用于描述记忆的场景，语法上vivid修饰memory: 例句：I have a vivid memory of my childhood.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 。短语2：vivid imagination:丰富的想象力；适用于描述人的想象力的场景，语法上vivid修 饰imagination;例句：Children usually have vivid imaginations..（来源：柯林斯词典) 。短语3：vivid color:鲜艳的颜色；适用于描述颜色的场景，语法上vivid修饰color;例句： The flower has a vivid color.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 。考法1：作形容词，考察其在句子中的用法 。原题：The writer's (vivid)descriptions made the story very interesting.(答案： vivid) 10