Unit 4 Friends forever 词汇与短语学习清单-2025-2026学年高中英语外研版（2019）必修第一册

必修一 Unit 4 Friends forever重点词汇与短语 学习清单 Unit 4 Friends forever 重点词汇与短语 答案 Starting out & Understanding ideas 1. familiar adj. 熟悉的；亲近的 unfamiliar adj. 不熟悉的 familiarity n. 熟悉；精通 ①sb. be familiar with ... 某人熟悉/通晓... ②sth. be familiar to sb. 为...熟知 ③look/sound/taste familiar 看/听/尝起来熟悉 Exercise 1. ‌When she saw the house, she had a feeling of ______________(familiar). 2. They are not familiar______________the computer software they use. 3. The street is familiar______________me. Answers 1. familiarity 2. with 3. to 2. prefer v. 更喜欢; 宁愿 preference n. 偏爱(for) ①prefer to do sth. (rather than do sth.)宁愿做......(而不是做...) ②prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 比起做....,更喜欢做...... ③I would prefer it if+句子 我更希望/愿意...... Exercise 1. ‌There is a culture of______________(prefer)for boy babies in the past. 2. He prefers______________(watch) rugby to playing it. 3. Bob preferred _________ (make)original works rather than reproductions. Answers 1. preference 2. watching 3. to make 3. track n. 踪迹；足迹 n. 小径；轨道；跑道；行为方式 ①lose track of... 不了解...的情况/动态; 与...失去联系 ②keep track of... 了解...的情况/动态; 与...保持联系 ③cover your tracks 掩盖/隐匿自己的行踪 Exercise 1. Sports watch can keep t______________of your fitness. 2. I just ______________(lose) all track of time. 3. The criminal tried______________(cover) his tracks by burning all the documents. Answers 1. track 2. lost 3. to cover 4. advance n. 前进;进步 v. 前进;促进;提前 advanced adj. 高级的;先进的 ①advance on/upon/towards 向...推进/挺进 ②advanced technology 先进的技术 ③in advance 预先；提前=ahead of time ④make advances in... 在......取得进步/进展 Exercise 1. We must reserve the plane tickets advance for the peak tourist season. 2. It’s not all that hard to build an (advance) and large vocabulary. 3. Advances medical science mean that people who would die of head injuries can now be saved. Answers 1. in 2. advanced 3. in 5. enable v.使可能；使发生 able adj. 有能力的→ unable adj. 不能的→ enable v.使可能；使发生 →ability n.<U>能力；<C>才能 ①enable sb. to do sth. 使某人能做某事 ②have the ability to do sth. 有做某事的能力 ③to the best of your ability 竭尽全力；尽最大努力 ④be able to do sth. 能够做某事 Exercise 1. The company is able (keep) prices competitive. 2. Massage has the (able) to relieve stress. 3. The Internet enables us (exchange) ideas with many others to check our claims, and to judge our actions. Answers 1. to keep 2. ability 3. to exchange 6. prove v.证明；证实 proof n. 证明；证据 ①prove to be+adj./n. 最终显现为...后来被发现是... ②prove sth. to sb. 向...证明/证实 ③there is no proof that... 无证据证明...... Exercise 1. There is no (prove)that he was on the crime spot. 2. Our reports proved (be) true. 3. He proved (her) a sympathetic listener. Answers 1. proof 2. to be 3. herself 7. keep in mind that... 记住...，将...记在心里 mind v. 介意；注意 n. 思想；思维；心智；注意力 --- mindset n. 思维定式；观念模式 --- mindfulness n. 留心；注意；正念减压疗法 ①bear in mind that... 记住...，将...记在心里 ②make up one’s mind to do sth. 下定决心做某事 ③focus one’s mind on... 把注意力集中在...... ④have a mind of one’s own 有主见;有自己的想法 Exercise 1. Williams’ two books helped Benjamin to make up his mind (be) a painter. 2. You must always keep the reader mind when writing a report. 3. We’d better focus our mind study now. 4. The little boy has mind of his own and isn’t afraid to say he thinks. Answers 1. to be 2. in 3. on 4. a ; what Using language 8. inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的；启发灵感的 inspire v. 鼓舞；激励；激发......灵感→inspired adj. 感到鼓舞的→inspiration n. 鼓舞；灵感 ①inspire sb. to do sth. 激励某人做某事 ②be inspired by... 受...的鼓舞 ③take inspiration from... 从...中获取灵感 ④provide inspiration for... 为...提供灵感 Exercise 1. His speech inspired us (work) harder than ever before. 2. I was extremely inspired the elegant way the words sounded. 3. Most artists believe that they take (inspire) from nature. Answers 1. to work 2. by 3. inspiration 9. comfort n. 安慰；慰藉 v. 安慰；抚慰→comfortable adj. 舒适的,舒服的→uncomfortable adj.不舒服的 ①a comfort 令人感到安慰的人/事物 ②in comfort 舒服地 ③draw/take comfort from... 从......中得到安慰 Exercise 1. ‌Whether it's cold and wet or hot and dry, our clothes will change to keep us feeling (comfort). 2. I drew comfort my mother’s warm support. 3. He could retire now and live comfort for the rest of his life. Answers 1. comfortable 2. from 3. in 10. patience Un. 耐心; 忍耐力; 毅力; 坚韧; 恒心 patient adj. 有耐心的; 能忍耐的 Cn. 病人 impatient adj. 不耐烦的，急躁的 ①have little/no patience with 不能容忍;接受不了 ②lose/run out of patience with... 对......失去耐心 ③have the patience to do sth. 有恒心做某事 ④be patient with 对...有耐心 Exercise 1. She has no (patient) with time-wasters(浪费时间的人). 2. The little kid doesn’t have the patience (wait). 3. The good-hearted girl is very patient young children. 4. In the end, I ran out of my patience the dull work. Answers 1. patience 2. to wait 3. with 4. with 11. passion n. 热情，酷爱 passionate adj. 热情的；狂热的 ①have a passion for... 对...强烈爱好/热情 ②with passion 充满激情地 ③be passionate about 对...热情 Exercise 1. These talented actors are both (passion) about acting, which comes from them being so interested in people. 2. Being good at something and having a passion it are not enough. 3. He spoke passion about the importance of art and literature. Answers 1. passionate 2. for 3.with 12. anxious adj. 焦虑的；担心的；不安的 adj. 渴望的；急切的 →anxiety n. 忧虑；焦虑；担心；渴望 ①be anxious about sth. 对......担心/忧虑 ②be anxious for sb. 为某人担心 ③be anxious for sb. to do sth. 渴望(某人)做某事 Exercise 1. Anna was anxious (finish) school and get a job. 2. He seemed anxious the coming examination. 3. Parents are naturally anxious their children. Answers 1. to finish 2. about 3. for 13. distance v. 使与...保持距离；撇清与...的关系 n. 距离; 遥远;久远;疏远 →distant adj.遥远的;久远的; 冷淡的,疏远的 ①distance oneself from...使自己与...保持距离;撇清自己与...的关系 ②in the distance 在远处 ③at/from a distance 从远处,隔一段距离 ④be distant from... 远离... Exercise 1. the distance, the soldier found the wire fence with iron nails. 2. The village is ‌distant the nearest town by several miles. 3. From a (distant), we could see her smiling and waving her hand. Answers 1. In 2. from 3. distance 14. come up with 想出;提出 come - came - come ①come across=run into=meet by chance 偶遇 ②come across=get across 被理解 ③come about 发生;产生 ④come over 来访,拜访 Exercise 1. I came stinky tofu, a horrible grey thing that looked and smelt like a burnt sports shoe. 2. I'm curious to know how this misunderstanding came between us. 3. Why don't you come to my house after work? We can watch a movie together." Answers 1. across 2. about 3. over Developing ideas & Presenting ideas 15. fortune n.大笔的钱;巨款;运气,机遇 misfortune n. 不幸→fortunate adj.幸运的→unfortunate adj.不幸运的 ①make one’s fortune 发财 ②be worth a fortune 值一大笔钱 ③be fortunate to do sth. 做某事是幸运的 ④it is fortunate for sb. that... 对某人来说...是幸运的 Exercise 1. The child was_______________(fortune) in having a good teacher. 2. I was late, but__________________(fortune)the meeting hadn’t started. 3. I’ve been fortunate_______________(find) a career that I love. Answers 1. fortunate 2. fortunately 3. to find 16. correspond v. 通信 v. 类似于;相当于; 通信→correspondence n. 通信 →correspondent n. 记者;通讯员;通信者 ①correspond to/with 符合;相一致 ②correspond closely to 非常类似的;非常吻合 ③correspond with sb. 与某人通信 Exercise‌ 1. ‌The young man is struggling to be a war___________________(correspond). 2. Your account of events does not correspond___________hers. 3. After graduation, they stopped_______________(correspond) with each other. Answers 1. correspondent 2. to/with 3.corresponding 17. strike v. 击,打,撞; 罢工; 袭击; 降临; 划;突然想到 strike - struck- struck ①strike the match 划火柴 ②strike sb. with sth. 用...击打... ③it strikes sb. that... 某人突然想到... ④be struck by... 被...袭击; 对...印象深刻 Exercise 1. The suspect denied striking Newton a hammer. 2. A powerful earthquake (strike) the island this morning. 3. suddenly struck me that I was wasting my time. 4. I was struck the beauty of the sunset as I walked along the beach. Answers 1. with 2. struck 3. It 4. by 18. appointed adj. 约定的;指定的 appoint v. 任命,委派;安排,确定[时间、地点] appointment n.约会;任命;职位 ①appoint sb. as/to be... 任命某人为... ②appoint sb. to do sth. 委派某人做某事 ③make an appointment 预约 ④have an appointment with 和...有约会 Exercise 1. He made an___________________(appoint) for his son to see the doctor. 2. Ten minutes before the_______________(appoint)time, he sat nervously outside the office. 3. The lawyer__________________(appoint) to represent the child. Answers: 1. appointment 2. appointed 3. was appointed 19. scene n.场面,场景 on the scene 在现场 ①scene [C] n. 指一眼可见的风景，不限于自然景色 ②scenery [U] n. 指某一地区总的自然景色，由多个scene组成 ③view [C] n. 指从某一角度, 尤其是从远处或高处见到的景色。 ④sight [C] n.(pl.)指风景,名胜, 尤指人文景观。 Exercise 1. Stand on the top of the building, and you will have a good of the city. 2. We are going to Paris to see the . 3.The of the mountain attracted all of us. 4. The police went to the to look for details and talk with neighbors or eyewitnesses ,whenever possible. Answers 1. view 2. sights 3. scenery 4. scene 20. ashamed adj. 感到难为情的;惭愧的 shame n. 惭愧; 羞耻; 令人惋惜遗憾的事;羞耻心 shameful adj. (行为)可耻的; 不体面的 ①be ashamed of 对...感到羞愧/难为情 ②be ashamed to do sth. 因做某事而感到惭愧 ③it’s a shame that... 真遗憾...... ④What a shame! 真遗憾！/多可惜！ Exercise 1. We are often ashamed_________________our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures. 2. I’m ashamed_________________(admit) that I’ve never read any of his books. 3. The family kept their_________________(shame) secret for years. Answers 1. of 2. to admit 3. shameful 21. turn up (意外地或终于)出现; 调高 ①turn out 结果是；最后是；出席；参加；前去观看 ②turn in=submit 上交 ③turn on/off 打开/关闭 ④turn to sb. (for help) 向某人求助 ⑤turn down 拒绝;调低,关小 ⑥turn around 转身;转向 ⑦turn over 翻转; 翻身; 仔细考虑; 移交 Exercise 1. It turned_________________his father died of a heart attack. 2. In one case, the professor didn't require students to buy a textbook, just an access code to turn_________________homework. 3. We arranged to meet at 7:30, but she never turned_________________. 4. I relish the challenge of doing jobs that others turn_________________. 5. After years of drifting from job to job, Danny finally turned _________________a new leaf and got himself a steady employment. Answers 1. out 2. in 3. up 4. down 5. over 22. 情态动词+have done sth. 应用 ①must have done sth. “过去一定做过某事“ ②couldn’t/can’t have done 不可能做过某事 ③could have done sth. “本可以，本能够做某事” ④should/ought to+have done “本应该做的事，而实际没做” ⑤shouldn’t/ought not to have done “本不应该做某事” ⑥may/might have done sth. “过去可能已做了某事” ⑦needn’t+have done (指没必要做某事，实际上却做了)“本不必做...” Exercise 1. Your mother ________have fallen asleep. You were making so much noise so late in the yard then！ A．mustn’t B．can’t C．mightn’t D．shouldn’t 2. —I phoned you yesterday morning. A girl answered，but I didn’t recognize the voice. —Oh，it ________ my younger sister. She was in my room at that moment. A．must have been B．should have been C．could have been D．may have been 3.You don’t know what you have missed. You_____to the meeting. A. ought to have come B. shouldn’t have come C. must have come D. need have come 4. We______have packed our thick clothes. The weather was really warm. A. need B. must C. can’t D. needn’t Answers 1. C 2. A 3. A 4. D 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $必修一 Unit 4 Friends forever重点词汇与短语 学习清单 Unit 4 Friends forever重点词汇与短语 Starting out & Understanding ideas 1. familiar adj. 熟悉的；亲近的 adj. 不熟悉的 n. 熟悉；精通 ① 某人熟悉/通晓... ② 为...熟知 ③ 看/听/尝起来熟悉 Exercise 1. ‌When she saw the house, she had a feeling of ______________(familiar). 2. They are not familiar______________the computer software they use. 3. The street is familiar______________me. 2. prefer v. 更喜欢; 宁愿 n. 偏爱(for) ① 宁愿做......(而不是做...) ② 比起做....,更喜欢做...... ③ 我更希望/愿意...... Exercise 1. ‌There is a culture of______________(prefer)for boy babies in the past. 2. He prefers______________(watch) rugby to playing it. 3. Bob preferred _________ (make)original works rather than reproductions. 3. track n. 踪迹；足迹 n. 小径；轨道；跑道；行为方式 ① 不了解...的情况/动态; 与...失去联系 ② 了解...的情况/动态; 与...保持联系 ③ 掩盖/隐匿自己的行踪 Exercise 1. Sports watch can keep t______________of your fitness. 2. I just ______________(lose) all track of time. 3. The criminal tried______________(cover) his tracks by burning all the documents. 4. advance n. 前进;进步 v. 前进;促进;提前 adj. 高级的;先进的 ① 向...推进/挺进 ② 先进的技术 ③ 预先；提前=ahead of time ④ 在......取得进步/进展 Exercise 1. We must reserve the plane tickets advance for the peak tourist season. 2. It’s not all that hard to build an (advance) and large vocabulary. 3. Advances medical science mean that people who would die of head injuries can now be saved. 5. enable v.使可能；使发生 able adj. 有能力的→ adj. 不能的 → v.使可能；使发生 → n.<U>能力；<C>才能 ① 使某人能做某事 ② 有做某事的能力 ③ 竭尽全力；尽最大努力 ④ 能够做某事 Exercise 1. The company is able (keep) prices competitive. 2. Massage has the (able) to relieve stress. 3. The Internet enables us (exchange) ideas with many others to check our claims, and to judge our actions. 6. prove v.证明；证实 n. 证明；证据 ① 最终显现为...后来被发现是... ② 向...证明/证实 ③ 无证据证明...... Exercise 1. There is no (prove)that he was on the crime spot. 2. Our reports proved (be) true. 3. He proved (her) a sympathetic listener. 7. keep in mind that... 记住...，将...记在心里 mind v. 介意；注意 n. 思想；思维；心智；注意力 --- n. 思维定式；观念模式 --- n. 留心；注意；正念减压疗法 ① 记住...，将...记在心里 ② 下定决心做某事 ③ 把注意力集中在...... ④ 有主见;有自己的想法 Exercise 1. Williams’ two books helped Benjamin to make up his mind (be) a painter. 2. You must always keep the reader mind when writing a report. 3. We’d better focus our mind study now. 4. The little boy has mind of his own and isn’t afraid to say he thinks. Using language 8. inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的；启发灵感的 inspire v. 鼓舞；激励；激发......灵感→ adj. 感到鼓舞的 → n. 鼓舞；灵感 ① 激励某人做某事 ② 受...的鼓舞 ③ 从...中获取灵感 ④ 为...提供灵感 Exercise 1. His speech inspired us (work) harder than ever before. 2. I was extremely inspired the elegant way the words sounded. 3. Most artists believe that they take (inspire) from nature. 9. comfort n. 安慰；慰藉 v. 安慰；抚慰→ adj. 舒适的,舒服的 → adj.不舒服的 ① 令人感到安慰的人/事物 ② 舒服地 ③ 从......中得到安慰 Exercise 1. ‌Whether it's cold and wet or hot and dry, our clothes will change to keep us feeling (comfort). 2. I drew comfort my mother’s warm support. 3. He could retire now and live comfort for the rest of his life. 10. patience Un. 耐心; 忍耐力; 毅力; 坚韧; 恒心 adj. 有耐心的; 能忍耐的 Cn. 病人 adj. 不耐烦的，急躁的 ① 不能容忍;接受不了 ② 对......失去耐心 ③ 有恒心做某事 ④ 对...有耐心 Exercise 1. She has no (patient) with time-wasters(浪费时间的人). 2. The little kid doesn’t have the patience (wait). 3. The good-hearted girl is very patient young children. 4. In the end, I ran out of my patience the dull work. 11. passion n. 热情，酷爱 adj. 热情的；狂热的 ① 对...强烈爱好/热情 ② 充满激情地 ③ 对...热情 Exercise 1. These talented actors are both (passion) about acting, which comes from them being so interested in people. 2. Being good at something and having a passion it are not enough. 3. He spoke passion about the importance of art and literature. 12. anxious adj. 焦虑的；担心的；不安的 adj. 渴望的；急切的 → n. 忧虑；焦虑；担心；渴望 ① 对......担心/忧虑 ② 为某人担心 ③ 渴望(某人)做某事 Exercise 1. Anna was anxious (finish) school and get a job. 2. He seemed anxious the coming examination. 3. Parents are naturally anxious their children. 13. distance v. 使与...保持距离；撇清与...的关系 n. 距离; 遥远;久远;疏远 → adj.遥远的;久远的; 冷淡的,疏远的 ① 使自己与...保持距离;撇清自己与...的关系 ② 在远处 ③ 从远处,隔一段距离 ④ 远离... Exercise 1. the distance, the soldier found the wire fence with iron nails. 2. The village is ‌distant the nearest town by several miles. 3. From a (distant), we could see her smiling and waving her hand. 14. come up with 想出;提出 come - - ① =run into=meet by chance偶遇 ② =get across 被理解 ③ 发生;产生 ④ 来访,拜访 Exercise 1. I came stinky tofu, a horrible grey thing that looked and smelt like a burnt sports shoe. 2. I'm curious to know how this misunderstanding came between us. 3. Why don't you come to my house after work? We can watch a movie together." Developing ideas & Presenting ideas 15. fortune n.大笔的钱;巨款;运气,机遇 n. 不幸 → adj.幸运的 → adj.不幸运的 ① 发财 ② 值一大笔钱 ③ 做某事是幸运的 ④ 对某人来说...是幸运的 Exercise 1. The child was_______________(fortune) in having a good teacher. 2. I was late, but__________________(fortune)the meeting hadn’t started. 3. I’ve been fortunate_______________(find) a career that I love. 16. correspond v. 通信 v. 类似于;相当于; 通信→ n. 通信 → n. 记者;通讯员;通信者 ① 符合;相一致 ② 非常类似的;非常吻合 ③ 与某人通信 Exercise‌ 1. ‌The young man is struggling to be a war___________________(correspond). 2. Your account of events does not correspond___________hers. 3. After graduation, they stopped_______________(correspond) with each other. 17. strike v. 击,打,撞; 罢工; 袭击; 降临; 划;突然想到 strike - - ① 划火柴 ② 用...击打... ③ 某人突然想到... ④ 被...袭击; 对...印象深刻 Exercise 1. The suspect denied striking Newton a hammer. 2. A powerful earthquake (strike) the island this morning. 3. suddenly struck me that I was wasting my time. 4. I was struck the beauty of the sunset as I walked along the beach. 18. appointed adj. 约定的;指定的 ___________________v. 任命,委派;安排,确定[时间、地点] ___________________n.约会;任命;职位 ① 任命某人为... ② 委派某人做某事 ③ 预约 ④ 和...有约会 Exercise 1. He made an___________________(appoint) for his son to see the doctor. 2. Ten minutes before the_______________(appoint)time, he sat nervously outside the office. 3. The lawyer__________________(appoint) to represent the child. Answers: 1. appointment 2. appointed 3. was appointed 19. scene n.场面,场景 在现场 ① [C] n. 指一眼可见的风景，不限于自然景色 ② [U] n. 指某一地区总的自然景色，由多个scene组成 ③ [C] n. 指从某一角度, 尤其是从远处或高处见到的景色。 ④ [C] n.(pl.)指风景,名胜, 尤指人文景观。 Exercise 1. Stand on the top of the building, and you will have a good of the city. 2. We are going to Paris to see the . 3.The of the mountain attracted all of us. 4. The police went to the to look for details and talk with neighbors or eyewitnesses ,whenever possible. 20. ashamed adj. 感到难为情的;惭愧的 n. 惭愧; 羞耻; 令人惋惜遗憾的事;羞耻心 adj. (行为)可耻的; 不体面的 ① 对...感到羞愧/难为情 ② 因做某事而感到惭愧 ③ 真遗憾...... ④ 真遗憾！/多可惜！ Exercise 1. We are often ashamed_________________our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures. 2. I’m ashamed_________________(admit) that I’ve never read any of his books. 3. The family kept their_________________(shame) secret for years. 21. turn up (意外地或终于)出现; 调高 ① 结果是；最后是；出席；参加；前去观看 ② =submit上交 ③ 打开/关闭 ④ 向某人求助 ⑤ 拒绝;调低,关小 ⑥ 转身;转向 ⑦ 翻转; 翻身; 仔细考虑; 移交 Exercise 1. It turned_________________his father died of a heart attack. 2. In one case, the professor didn't require students to buy a textbook, just an access code to turn_________________homework. 3. We arranged to meet at 7:30, but she never turned_________________. 4. I relish the challenge of doing jobs that others turn_________________. 5. After years of drifting from job to job, Danny finally turned _________________a new leaf and got himself a steady employment. 22. 情态动词+have done sth. 应用 ① “过去一定做过某事“ ② 不可能做过某事 ③ “本可以，本能够做某事” ④ “本应该做的事，而实际没做” ⑤ “本不应该做某事” ⑥ “过去可能已做了某事” ⑦ (指没必要做某事，实际上却做了)“本不必做...” Exercise 1. Your mother ________have fallen asleep. You were making so much noise so late in the yard then！ A．mustn’t B．can’t C．mightn’t D．shouldn’t 2. —I phoned you yesterday morning. A girl answered，but I didn’t recognize the voice. —Oh，it ________ my younger sister. She was in my room at that moment. A．must have been B．should have been C．could have been D．may have been 3.You don’t know what you have missed. You_____to the meeting. A. ought to have come B. shouldn’t have come C. must have come D. need have come 4. We______have packed our thick clothes. The weather was really warm. A. need B. must C. can’t D. needn’t 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $