内容正文:
Unit 6 Keep our city clean
专题02 语法提升·易错题专项训练
句型、语法
语法提升
高频易错点、易错点提示、小练笔、答题点拨
易错精讲
情态动词can的用法高频易错点01
can 是情态动词,意为“可能,会,能”,没有人称和数的变化,can 后面接“动词原形”。
My brother can play basketball well.
我弟弟篮球打的很好。
1. 肯定句
结构:主语 + can + 动词原形 + 其他
She can speak English.(她会说英语。)
2. 否定句
结构:主语 + can + not(缩写为can't) + 动词原形 + 其他
He can't swim.(他不会游泳。)
3. 一般疑问句
结构:Can + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?
答语:肯定回答(Yes, 主语 + can.);否定回答(No, 主语 + can't.)
—Can you play chess?(你会下棋吗?)
—Yes, I can.(是的,我会。)/ No, I can't.(不,我不会。)
4. 特殊疑问句
结构:特殊疑问词(What/Who/Where等) + can + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?
What can they do?(他们能做什么?)
Where can we go?(我们可以去哪里?)
易错点提示
can和could区别与联系。
1. can的过去式是could。
He can drive a car. 他会开车。
He could drive a car two years ago. 他两年前会开车。
2. could除了可作can的过去式外,还可表示比can更委婉的语气,因此在回答由could表示请求的问句中,不能用could,但可用can。
— Could you lend me a hand? 你能帮我一下吗? — Of course I can. 当然可以。
3. 与感觉动词连用时,can,could可互换。
We could/can smell something burning in the kitchen. 我们闻到厨房里有东西烧焦的味道。
小练笔
选择填空
( )1. —_____ you dance? —Yes, I _____.
A. Can; can B. Do; do C. Can; can’t
( )2. —Can your brother play football? —_____
A. Yes, he can’t. B. No, he can. C. No, he can’t.
( )3. What _____ she _____?
A. can; does B. can; do C. do; can
( )4. —Can they go to the zoo? —_____
A. Yes, they can’t. B. No, they can. C. Yes, they can.
( )5. I _____ sing, but I _____ dance.
A. can; can B. can; can’t C. can’t; can’t
点
拨
1. 答案:A,句问“你会跳舞吗”,用can引导一般疑问句,肯定回答用Yes, I can ,选A 。
2. 答案:C,can引导的一般疑问句,否定回答用No, 主语 + can't ,选C 。
3. 答案:B,特殊疑问句结构“特殊疑问词 + can + 主语 + 动词原形” ,选B 。
4. 答案:C,can引导的一般疑问句,肯定回答用Yes, 主语 + can ,选C 。
5. 答案:B,but表转折,前肯后否,“我会唱歌,但不会跳舞” ,选B 。
there be句型的用法高频易错点02
(一)概念
表示存在:there be句型用于描述某个时间或地点存在某人或某物。
There was a big tree in front of the house ten years ago.
十年前,房子前面有一棵大树。
(二)句型结构
肯定句:there is/was + 单数可数名词/不可数名词 + 地点状语/时间状语
there are/were + 复数可数名词 + 地点状语/时间状语
There was some milk in the glass just now.(刚才杯子里有一些牛奶。)
There were some books on the desk yesterday.(昨天桌子上有一些书。)
否定句:there isn’t / wasn't + 单数可数名词/不可数名词 + 地点状语/时间状语
there aren’t / weren't + 复数可数名词 + 地点状语/时间状语
There wasn't any bread in the fridge last night.(昨晚冰箱里没有面包。)
There aren’t many students in the classroom after school.(放学后教室里没有很多学生。)
一般疑问句:Is / Was there + 单数可数名词/不可数名词 + 地点状语/时间状语?
Are / Were there + 复数可数名词 + 地点状语/时间状语?
Is there a cat in the garden ?(花园里有一只猫吗?)
Were there any apples on the tree last autumn?(去年秋天树上有一些苹果吗?)
特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词 + is / was there + 单数可数名词/不可数名词 + 其他?
特殊疑问词 + are / were there + 复数可数名词 + 其他?
What was there in the box?(盒子里有什么?)
How many people were there at the party last night?(昨晚聚会上有多少人?)
易错点提示
1. there be句型 与 have的区分
there be句型:强调在某个地点或时间“存在”某人或某物,不强调所属关系。
There was a pen on the desk.(桌子上有一支钢笔。),重点说明桌子上存在一支钢笔这个事实。
have:表示“拥有”,强调所属关系,即某人或某物归某人所有,主语通常是“人或物”。
I have a new book.(我有一本新书。),表明新书是“我”所拥有的。
2.there be句型的“就近原则”
There be 句型遵循“就近一致”原则,即当 There be 后出现多个名词时,be 动词需和距离它最近
的名词在单复数上保持一致 。
There was a book and two pens on the desk just now.(“a book” 是单数,be 动词用 was )
There were two pens and a book on the desk just now.(“two pens” 是复数,be 动词用 were )
3.there be句型与 some/any 的搭配
some 用于肯定句,描述存在“一些”事物 ;
any 用于否定句或疑问句,表“一些”或“任何” 。
肯定句:There was some juice in the glass.(杯子里有一些果汁 )
否定句:There wasn't any juice in the glass just now.(刚才杯子里没有果汁 )
小练笔
按要求改写句子
1. There was some bread in the fridge last night.(改为否定句)
_______________________________________
2. There are many books on the desk.(改为一般疑问句)
_______________________________________
3. There were some apples on the tree last autumn.(对划线部分提问)
_______________________________________
4. There is a big tree in front of the house.(用“ten years ago”改写句子)
_______________________________________
5. I have a new bike.(用 there be 句型改写,强调存在)
_______________________________________
点
拨
1. 答案:There wasn't any bread in the fridge last night.
解析:there be 句型的否定句,在 be 动词后加 not,“was not”缩写为“wasn't”,some 变为 any。
2. 答案:Are there many books on the desk?
解析:there be 句型的一般疑问句,将 be 动词提前,句末用问号。
3. 答案:What was on the tree last autumn?
解析:对 there be 句型中的事物提问,用 what,原句 be 动词是 were,提问时用 was。
4. 答案:There was a big tree in front of the house ten years ago.
解析:“ten years ago”是一般过去时标志,be 动词 is 变为 was。
5. 答案:There is a new bike.
解析:用 there be 句型强调存在,结构为“There is + 单数名词”,此处“a new bike”是单数,所以用“There is a new bike.”
名词所有格高频易错点03
名词所有格用于表示名词之间的所属关系,主要有以下用法:
1.“of + 名词”结构:用于无生命的事物,表明所属
the leg of the table 桌子的腿
2.“'s”所有格:用于有生命的人或动物。
(1)单数名词和不以 -s 结尾的复数名词,在词尾加“'s”构成所有格
children’s bags 孩子们的包
(2)复数名词以 -s 结尾的,只需要加“'”构成所有格,
girls’ dresses 女孩们的连衣裙)
(3)表示共有的东西时,后一个名词用所有格,
Jim and Tom’s room(吉姆和汤姆共有的房间)
表示各自的东西时,两个名词都用所有格,
Jim’s and Tom’s rooms 吉姆的房间和汤姆的房间
易错点提示
双重所有格只有两种固定形式,需注意前后搭配的词性:
1. of + 名词所有格(名词所有格:名词后加“'s”或“'”,用于有生命的人/动物)
a friend of my father’s 我爸爸的一个朋友
a book of Tom’s 汤姆的一本书
2. of + 名词性物主代词(名词性物主代词:mine/ yours/ his/ hers/ ours/ theirs,相当于
“形容词性物主代词 + 名词”)
a pen of mine 我的一支笔
some photos of theirs 他们的一些照片
小练笔
选择题。
( )1. —Whose book is this?
—It's ______.
A. a book of my brother B. a book of my brother's
C. my brother book D. my brother's a book
( )2. That is ______ pen.
A. mine B. my C. of me D. of mine
( )3. The ______ teacher is very kind to his students.
A. boys' B. boy's C. boys D. boy
( )4. —Are these ______ books?
—No, they are ______.
A. Lucy and Lily; our B. Lucy's and Lily's; ours
C. Lucy's and Lily; our D. Lucy and Lily's; ours
( )5. There is a photo ______ on the wall.
A. of my family's B. of my family
C. my family's D. my family
点
拨
1. 答案:B,双重所有格结构“a book of my brother's”,表示“我哥哥的一本书(哥哥的书里的一本)”。A选项表达错误;C选项缺少“'s”;D选项结构错误。
2. 答案:B,“my”是形容词性物主代词,修饰名词“pen”,表示“我的钢笔”。A是名词性物主代词,后不接名词;C、D表达错误。
3. 答案:A,“boys'”是复数名词“boys”的所有格,“the boys' teacher”表示“男孩子们的老师”。B选项“boy's”是单数所有格;C是复数名词,无所有格;D是单数名词,不符合语境。
4. 答案:B,第一空“Lucy's and Lily's”表示“露西的和莉莉的(各自的)”,因为books是复数;第二空“ours”是名词性物主代词,相当于“our books”。D选项“Lucy and Lily's”表示两人共有的,后面名词应为单数。
5. 答案:B,“a photo of my family”表示“一张我的家庭照片(照片内容是我的家庭)”。A是双重所有格,此处不需要;C、D表达错误。
综合训练
一、按要求写单词。
1. too(同音词)______________ 2. should not(缩略形式)______________
3. clean(反义词)______________ 4. factory(复数)______________
5. mess(形容词)______________ 6. make(第三人称单数)______________
7. give(动词过去式)______________ 8. well(形容词)______________
9. bus(复数)_____________ 10. photo(复数)______________
11. water(动词过去式)______________ 12. are(动词过去式)______________
二、用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1.—Who ____ (make) the room so clean?
—My mum does. Please ____ (keep) it clean.
2.My cousin _______ (slip) on the banana skin and fell.
3.The cleaners sweep the floor ______________ (keep) the city clean every day.
4.You should ________ (do) your homework now.
5.Smoke from _______ (factory) _______ (make) our city dirty.
6.Smoke from cars _______ (make) the air dirty.
7.Would you like ______ (move) these desks away from the rooms?
8.People from _____ (city) want to go to farms for their holidays.
9.People often _____ (plant) trees on Trees Planting Day.
10.It’s “No __________ (smoke)”. It means you can’t __________ (smoke) here.
三、单项选择题。
( )1.Trees help _______ the air clean.
A.keep B.keeps C.keeping
( )2.________ the city clean and tidy, we shouldn’t put shared bikes (共享单车) everywhere.
A.Keeps B.To keep C.Keep
( )3.Rubbish _______ the bedroom messy and dirty.
A.make B.makes C.making
( )4.Leo saw some rubbish on the ground and ______.
A.pick it up B.picked up it C.picked it up
( )5.Mike likes ______ in the city, but I ______.
A.to living; don’t B.living; can’t C.living; don’t
( )6.My father ______ very day.
A.walks home B.walks to home C.goes to home
( )7.Bobby _____ a banana skin _____ the ground. It’s not good.
A.throw; on B.throw; in C.throws; on
( )8.—________ the street clean?
—Yes, it ________.
A.Is; is B.Does; does C.Did; did
( )9.下列句子中,语调正确的一项是:
A.—What did you do? ↑ —I cleaned the house. ↓
B.—Can we keep our city clean? ↑ —Yes, we can. ↓
C.—I put rubbish in the trash can(垃圾桶). ↓ —Well done! ↑
( )10.His uncle often ________ the bus to the factory.
A.by B.on C.takes
( )11.What can I do ________ the sad girl?
A.help B.to help C.helping
( )12.We ________ throw rubbish on the floor or waste water in daily life.
A.should B.must C.shouldn’t
四、句型转换。
1.Sometimes she takes a bus to school. (改为同义句)
Sometimes she ______ to school ______ bus.
2.Smoke from cars makes the air dirty. (对划线部分提问)
______ ______ the air dirty?
3.Smoke from cars makes the air dirty. (改成一般疑问句)
____________ smoke from cars ____________ the air dirty?
4.There were some beautiful flowers in the garden. (改为一般疑问句)
________ there ________ beautiful flowers in the garden?
5.Nancy put her rubbish in the bin. (改为否定句)
Nancy _______ _______ her rubbish in the bin.
6.The girl went to the park by bus. (改为同义句)
The girl _______ the bus _______ the park.
7.You can put your things in order to keep your bedroom clean. (对画线部分提问)
______ ______ I ______ ______ keep my bedroom clean?
8.Put the pictures on the wall, please. (改为否定句)
______ ______ the pictures on the wall, please.
9.Tim threw some orange skins in the park last Sunday. (改为否定句)
Tim ______ ______ ______ orange skins in the park last Sunday.
10.Lily cleaned the classroom an hour ago. (改为一般疑问句,并作否定回答)
______ Lily ______ the classroom an hour ago?
______, she ______.
五、根据汉语意思完成句子。
1.你不应该把果汁带到图书馆。
You _____ _____ your juice _____ the library.
2.不要把废纸扔在地板上。
_____ _____ the waste paper on the floor.
3.太多的塑料袋使得我们的城市变得又脏又乱。
______ ______ plastic bags make our city dirty and messy.
4.垃圾使街道变得又乱又脏。
Rubbish ________ the streets messy and ________.
5.我会用瓶子做玩具。
I can _______ _______ to make toys.
6.什么使空气变脏了?
What ______ the air ______?
7.我们可以将工厂搬离我们的城市。
We can ______ ______ ______ from our city.
8.我们可以做什么来保持我们的城市整洁?
What can we do to _______ our city _______?
9.他经常开车去学校。
He often ________ a car to school.
10.在我们城市周围有许多博物馆。
There are many ________ ________ our city.
六、阅读理解,判断正(T)误(F)
What can people do with rubbish? That’s a big problem(问题). People must throw away or reuse rubbish
in a right way. Rubbish may make the air, the water and the soil dirty. People and the animals may get ill when
they breathe the dirty air or drink the dirty water. Grass, trees and flowers will be dead if they live near the
dirty soil. So people shouldn’t throw rubbish everywhere. Before we send rubbish to some places, we
should sort(分类)and wrap(打包)it. If everyone can do like this, our life will be better.
1. The article (文章) is about how to do with rubbish. ( )
2. Dirty soil is good for the grass, trees or flowers. ( )
3. It tells us the ways to reuse rubbish. ( )
4. The writer hopes everyone can sort and wrap rubbish. ( )
5. The underlined (划线的) word “breathe” means“呼吸”. ( )
参考答案
一、按要求写单词
1. two/to
解析:“too”发音为/tuː/,“two”(二)和“to”(朝、向)的发音也均为/tuː/,故为同音词。
2. shouldn't
解析:“should not”的缩略形式是直接在“not”前加“'t”,即“shouldn't”,为常用情态动词否定缩略形式。
3. dirty
解析:“clean”意为“干净的”,其反义词表示“脏的”,对应单词“dirty”。
4. factories
解析:以“y”结尾且“y”前是辅音字母(“factory”中“y”前是“r”,辅音)的名词,变复数时需把“y”变为“i”再加“es”,故“factory”复数为“factories”。
5. messy
解析:“mess”是名词,意为“杂乱”,其形容词形式是在词尾加“y”,即“messy”,表示“杂乱的”。
6. makes
解析:“make”是动词原形,第三人称单数形式变化规则为一般在词尾加“s”,故“make”的第三人称单数是“makes”。
7. gave
解析:“give”是不规则动词,其过去式为特殊变化“gave”,需特殊记忆。
8. good
解析:“well”作副词时意为“好地”,其对应的形容词形式是“good”,表示“好的”,如“He plays football well.(副词)”“He is a good football player.(形容词)”。
9. buses
解析:以“s”结尾的名词,变复数时需在词尾加“es”,“bus”以“s”结尾,故复数为“buses”。
10. photos
解析:“photo”是“photograph”的缩写,属于以“o”结尾且表示无生命事物的名词,变复数时直接加“s”,故“photo”复数为“photos”(类似的还有“piano pianos”)。
11. watered
解析:“water”作动词时意为“浇水”,其过去式变化规则为一般在词尾加“ed”,故“water”的过去式是“watered”。
12. were
解析:“are”是be动词,其过去式为“were”,用于第二人称单复数(you)、第一人称复数(we)和第三人称复数(they)后。
二、用括号内单词的正确形式填空
1. makes;keep
解析:第一空,答语“My mum does”表明问句时态为一般现在时,主语“Who”视为第三人称单数,故“make”用第三人称单数“makes”;第二空,“Please”后接动词原形,构成祈使句,故“keep”用原形。
2. slipped
解析:句中“and”连接两个并列动作,“fell”是“fall”的过去式,故“slip”也需用过去式“slipped”,保持时态一致。
3. to keep
解析:句中“sweep the floor”(扫地)的目的是“keep the city clean”(保持城市干净),动词不定式“to do”可表目的,故填“to keep”。
4. do
解析:情态动词“should”后接动词原形,故“do”用原形。
5. factories;makes
解析:第一空,“factory”是可数名词,此处表示泛指“工厂”,应用复数“factories”;第二空,主语“Smoke”(不可数名词)视为第三人称单数,时态为一般现在时,故“make”用第三人称单数“makes”。
6. makes
解析:主语“Smoke”(不可数名词)视为第三人称单数,时态为一般现在时,故“make”用第三人称单数“makes”。
7. to move
解析:“Would you like to do sth.”是固定句型,意为“你想要做某事吗”,故“move”前加“to”,填“to move”。
8. cities
解析:“city”是可数名词,此处表示泛指“城市”,应用复数“cities”(以“y”结尾且“y”前是辅音字母,变复数把“y”变“i”加“es”)。
9. plant
解析:由“often”可知句子时态为一般现在时,主语“People”是复数,故“plant”用原形。
10. smoking;smoke
解析:第一空,“No + 动名词”是固定搭配,表示“禁止做某事”,故“smoke”变动名词“smoking”;第二空,“can't”是情态动词,后接动词原形,故“smoke”用原形。
三、单项选择题
答案:ABBCC ACABC BC
1. A
解析:“help”的用法为“help (to) do sth.”,“to”可省略,意为“帮助做某事”,故此处填“keep”,选A。
2. B
解析:句中“we shouldn't put shared bikes everywhere”(我们不应该把共享单车放得到处都是)的目的是“keep the city clean and tidy”(保持城市干净整洁),动词不定式“To do”可表目的,位于句首,选B。
3. B
解析:主语“Rubbish”(不可数名词)视为第三人称单数,时态为一般现在时,故“make”用第三人称单数“makes”,选B。
4. C
解析:句中“saw”是“see”的过去式,表明句子时态为一般过去时,故“pick”用过去式“picked”,排除A;“pick up”是“动词 + 副词”短语,宾语是代词“it”时,需把“it”放在“pick”和“up”中间,故为“picked it up”,选C。
5. C
解析:“like”的用法为“like doing sth.”或“like to do sth.”,“to living”形式错误,排除A;前半句“likes living in the city”(喜欢住在城市里),后半句表否定“但我不喜欢”,应用助动词“don't”(代替“don't like living in the city”),“can't”表示“不能”,不符合语境,排除B,选C。
6. A
解析:“home”是副词,前面不能加介词“to”,“walk home”“go home”均为正确表达,意为“步行回家”“回家”,故排除B、C,选A。
7. C
解析:主语“Bobby”是第三人称单数,时态为一般现在时,故“throw”用第三人称单数“throws”,排除A、B;“on the ground”是固定搭配,意为“在地上”,“in the ground”表示“在地下”,不符合语境,选C。
8. A
解析:句中“clean”是形容词,需用be动词构成系表结构(主语 + be + 形容词),故问句用“Is”,答语也用“is”,选A;若用“Does”或“Did”,句中需有实义动词,而此处无实义动词,排除B、C。
9. B
解析:特殊疑问句(如A选项“What did you do?”)语调通常为降调(↓),一般疑问句(如B选项“Can we keep our city clean?”)语调通常为升调(↑),陈述句和肯定答语语调通常为降调(↓);A选项特殊疑问句用升调错误,C选项肯定赞赏句“Well done!”用升调错误,故选B。
10. C
解析:“by”和“on”是介词,不能单独作谓语,句中缺少谓语动词,“takes”是动词“take”的第三人称单数形式,“take the bus”是固定搭配,意为“乘公交车”,符合句子结构(主语 + 谓语 + 宾语),选C。
11. B
解析:句中“do”是谓语动词,“help the sad girl”(帮助这个伤心的女孩)是“do”的目的,动词不定式“to do”可表目的,故填“to help”,选B。
12. C
解析:“throw rubbish on the floor or waste water”(把垃圾扔在地上或浪费水)是不好的行为,故应用“shouldn't”(不应该);“should”(应该)和“must”(必须)均表示肯定,不符合语境,选C。
四、句型转换
1. goes;by
解析:“takes a bus to school”(乘公交车去学校)的同义表达为“goes to school by bus”,“by + 交通工具”表示“乘坐某种交通工具”,主语“she”是第三人称单数,故“go”用第三人称单数“goes”。
2. What makes
解析:划线部分“Smoke from cars”(来自汽车的烟雾)是事物,对事物提问用“what”;原句主语是“Smoke from cars”,视为第三人称单数,时态为一般现在时,故用“makes”,问句为“What makes the air dirty?”。
3. Does;make
解析:原句主语“Smoke from cars”视为第三人称单数,时态为一般现在时,变一般疑问句需借助助动词“Does”,放在句首,后面动词“makes”变回原形“make”,故问句为“Does smoke from cars make the air dirty?”。
4. Were;any
解析:原句是“There be”句型的过去式(were),变一般疑问句需把“Were”放在句首;“some”一般用于肯定句,否定句和一般疑问句中通常用“any”,故“some”变为“any”,问句为“Were there any beautiful flowers in the garden?”。
5. didn't put
解析:原句“put”没有加“s”,结合语境可知时态为一般过去时(“put”的过去式还是“put”),变否定句需借助助动词“didn't”,后面动词“put”用原形,故否定句为“Nancy didn't put her rubbish in the bin.”。
6. took;to
解析:“went to the park by bus”(乘公交车去公园)的同义表达为“took the bus to the park”,“take the bus to + 地点”表示“乘公交车去某地”,原句“went”是过去式,故“take”用过去式“took”。
7. What can;do to
解析:划线部分“put your things in order”(把你的东西整理好)是做事的方式,对方式提问用“what”;原句有情态动词“can”,变疑问句需把“can”放在“what”后,主语“I”变为“you”,“to keep”保留,故问句为“What can I do to keep my bedroom clean?”。
8. Don't put
解析:原句是肯定祈使句,变否定祈使句需在句首加“Don't”,后面动词“put”用原形,故否定句为“Don't put the pictures on the wall, please.”。
9. didn't throw any
解析:原句“threw”是“throw”的过去式,表明时态为一般过去时,变否定句需借助助动词“didn't”,后面动词“threw”变回原形“throw”;“some”一般用于肯定句,否定句中用“any”,故“some”变为“any”,否定句为“Tim didn't throw any orange skins in the park last Sunday.”。
10. Did;clean;No;didn't
解析:原句“cleaned”是“clean”的过去式,表明时态为一般过去时,变一般疑问句需借助助动词“Did”,放在句首,后面动词“cleaned”变回原形“clean”,故问句为“Did Lily clean the classroom an hour ago?”;否定回答用“No, 主语 + didn't”,故答语为“No, she didn't.”。
五、根据汉语意思完成句子
1. shouldn't take;to
解析:“不应该”用“shouldn't”,“把……带到……”用“take + 某物 + to + 某地”,“shouldn't”后接动词原形,故填“shouldn't take;to”。
2. Don't throw
解析:原句是否定祈使句,“不要做某事”用“Don't + 动词原形”,“扔”用“throw”,故填“Don't throw”。
3. Too many
解析:“太多”后接可数名词复数(“plastic bags”是可数名词复数)时,用“Too many”;“Too much”后接不可数名词,故填“Too many”。
4. makes;dirty
解析:主语“Rubbish”视为第三人称单数,时态为一般现在时,故“使”用“makes”;“脏的”用“dirty”,与“messy”(杂乱的)并列,故填“makes;dirty”。
5. use bottles
解析:“用”用“use”,“can”后接动词原形;“瓶子”用“bottle”,此处表示泛指,应用复数“bottles”,故填“use bottles”。
6. makes;dirty
解析:主语“What”视为第三人称单数,时态为一般现在时,故“使”用“makes”;“变脏”用“dirty”,“make + 某物 + 形容词”表示“使某物处于某种状态”,故填“makes;dirty”。
7. move the factories
解析:“搬离”用“move...from...”,“can”后接动词原形;“工厂”用“factory”,此处表示泛指,应用复数“factories”,故填“move the factories”。
8. keep;clean and tidy
解析:“保持”用“keep”,“to”后接动词原形;“整洁”用“clean and tidy”,“keep + 某物 + 形容词”表示“使某物保持某种状态”,故填“keep;clean and tidy”。
9. drives
解析:“开车去某地”用“drive a car to + 地点”,由“often”可知时态为一般现在时,主语“He”是第三人称单数,故“drive”用第三人称单数“drives”,故填“drives”。
10. museums around
解析:“博物馆”用“museum”,“many”后接可数名词复数,故“museum”用复数“museums”;“在……周围”用“around”,故填“museums around”。
六、阅读理解,判断正(T)误(F)
答案:TFFTT
1. T
解析:文章开头“What can people do with rubbish? That’s a big problem.”(人们能怎么处理垃圾?那是个大问题)点明主题,后文围绕垃圾处理方式、垃圾危害及正确处理垃圾的做法展开,故该句正确。
2. F
解析:文中提到“Grass, trees and flowers will be dead if they live near the dirty soil.”(如果草、树和花生长在脏土壤附近,它们会死亡),说明脏土壤对花草树木有害,并非有益,故该句错误。
3. F
解析:文章仅提到“People must throw away or reuse rubbish in a right way.”(人们必须以正确的方式扔掉或回收利用垃圾),但未具体说明回收利用垃圾的方法,故该句错误。
4. T
解析:文中“Before we send rubbish to some places, we should sort and wrap it. If everyone can do like this, our life will be better.”(在我们把垃圾送到一些地方之前,我们应该分类并打包。如果每个人都能这样做,我们的生活将会更好)表明作者希望每个人都能对垃圾进行分类和打包,故该句正确。
5. T
解析:“breathe the dirty air”意为“吸入脏空气”,结合语境和常识,“breathe”的意思是“呼吸”,故该句正确。
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